Cascading Windows and Media Displays

Abstract

Disclosed herein are systems, devices, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media related to a display configuration (1, 2, 3) coupled to a structure (e.g., a viewing window (123)). The structure may be a support structure, such as a fixture. The display configuration (1, 2, 3) is configured to facilitate media display and is at least partially transparent. The viewing window (123) may be a tintable window, e.g., a window whose tint is electrically controllable (e.g., an electrochromic window). Various interaction capabilities (e.g., via a touch screen) with the display configuration (1, 2, 3) are disclosed.

Description

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 911,271, filed on October 5, 2019, entitled “Tandem Vision Window and Transparent Display,” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 952,207, filed on December 20, 2019, entitled “Tandem Vision Window and Transparent Display,” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 975,706, filed on February 12, 2020, entitled “Tandem Vision Window and Media Display,” U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 975,706, filed on February 12, 2020, entitled “Tandem Vision Window and Media Display,” and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 975,706, filed on September 30, 2020, entitled “Tandem Vision Window and Media Display.” No. 63 / 085,254, entitled “Displays For Tintable Windows,” filed on October 24, 2019, and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16 / 608,157, filed on October 24, 2019, and entitled “Displays For Tintable Windows,” which is a national application of International Patent Application Ser. No. PCT / US18 / 29476, filed on April 25, 2018, and entitled “Displays For Tintable Windows,” which claims priority to (i) U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62 / 607,618, filed on December 19, 2017, and entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology Field,” and (ii) U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62 / 607,618, filed on December 19, 2017, and entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology Field,” filed on June 22, 2017, and (iii) U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62 / 607,618, filed on December 19, 2017, and entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology Field,” filed on June 22, 2017, and (iv) U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62 / 607,618, filed on December 19, 2017, and entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology Field,” filed on June 22, 2017, and (v ... No. 62 / 523,606, entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology,” filed on May 17, 2017; and (iii) U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 507,704, entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology,” filed on May 17, 2017;(iv) U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 506,514, filed on May 15, 2017, entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology”; and (v) U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 490,457, filed on April 26, 2017, entitled “Electrochromic Windows With Transparent Display Technology,” each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Background Art

[0003] Various facilities (e.g., buildings) may have windows installed on their facades. Windows provide a way to view the exterior of the facility. In some facilities, windows may occupy a significant portion of the facade. Users may request to utilize the window surface area to view various media (e.g., for entertainment purposes, data processing, and / or video conferencing). Sometimes, users may want to optimize the use of interior space to visualize media (e.g., by using the window surface). The media can be electronic and / or optical. Users may request to view the media with minimal impact on visibility through the window. The media can be displayed via an at least partially transparent display. Sometimes, viewing the media may require a tinted (e.g., darker) background. Sometimes, users may want to shield their interior environment. Sometimes, the lifespan of a media display (e.g., an OLED display) may be damaged over time (e.g., due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, heat, and atmospheric constituents). Such damage may reduce the long-term usability of the media display. Sometimes, users may want to enhance the exterior view with overlays, augmented reality, and / or lighting. The present invention provides solutions to this and other problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In one aspect, a display configuration is disclosed herein that is coupled to a window (e.g., a viewing window such as a tintable window). The viewing window can include an integrated glass unit. The display configuration can include one or more glass panes. The display can include a display matrix. The display matrix can include, for example, at least partially transparent light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The display can include a liquid crystal display (LCD).

[0005] In another aspect, at least a portion of a window surface in a facility is used to display various media using a glass display configuration. The display can be used to (e.g., at least partially) view the environment outside the window (e.g., an outdoor environment), such as when the display is not operating. The display can be used to enhance the external view with (e.g., optical) overlays, augmented reality, and / or lighting (e.g., the display can act as a light source). Such use of window surface portions can optimize efficient space usage inside the facility (e.g., a room therein), for example, because the media screen will occupy at least a portion of the space in which the window(s) are installed.

[0006] In another aspect, a viewing (e.g., tintable) window is used (e.g., as a background) to aid in the shading and / or contrast of the display construction. The shielding may be on the outside of the display construction (e.g., in a direction away from the viewer). Portions of the support structure behind the display construction may be shielded or shieldable (e.g., using a tintable or tinted window). The viewing window may be active (e.g., tintable) or passive. For example, the viewing window may include a tint that cannot be changed (e.g., controllably and / or electronically). The viewing window may include a tint (e.g., shade) that (i) cannot be changed electronically and / or (ii) can be changed optically (e.g., due to the viewing window being illuminated by external lighting such as sunlight and / or streetlights). The shielding may include a phosphor coating, the application of black pigment, and / or glass tinting. The tint (e.g., shade) may be static or dynamic (e.g., using tintable glass). The shielding may or may not be electronically controlled. The shielding may be passive. The tint (e.g., shade) can be transparent or opaque. The tint can contain a visible color (e.g., any color of the rainbow, such as blue or yellow. For example, the color can be brown, gray, or black). The tint can be at least partially transparent. The transparent tint can facilitate a transition of a majority (e.g., greater than about 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, 90%, or 95%) of the intensities and / or wavelengths perceived by the average human eye, or the tint can be completely transparent (e.g., relative to the average human eye perception). The shield can be disposed on the back side of the display construction (e.g., as an added layer and / or laminated layer). The back side of the display construction is the side opposite the viewer side (e.g., the surface of the display construction 101 facing the window 102 (partial view shown)). The shield can be disposed on a structure coupled to the display construction and disposed behind the display construction (e.g., on a wall, panel, or window coupled to and disposed behind the display construction, such as one, 102 in FIG. 1 ).

[0007] In another aspect, the display construction can include a material (e.g., as a background) to aid in shading and / or contrast of media displayed as part of the display construction. The obscuration can be on the outside of the transparent display. The material can be incorporated into a polymer, resin, and / or glass as part of the display construction.

[0008] In another aspect, the material (eg, in the viewing window and / or in the media construction) extends the life of the transparent display.

[0009] In another aspect, the display can be controlled alone or in conjunction with the control of the tunable tint window (eg, by a separate controller or by the same controller).

[0010] In another aspect, a system for viewing includes: a viewing (e.g., tunable) window having at least a whitened state and a tinted state; and a display construction configured to display and / or manipulate electronic media, the display construction being disposed adjacent to and in registration with the viewing (e.g., tunable) window such that a user can view through (i) the display construction and (ii) the viewing (e.g., at least when the tunable window is in the whitened state) window, the display construction being at least partially transparent.

[0011] In some embodiments, viewing occurs in an external environment outside the viewing (e.g., tintable) window. In some embodiments, media projected by the display configuration is viewed. In some embodiments, the display configuration is communicatively coupled to a network that transmits electronic media. In some embodiments, the network is communicatively coupled to a building management system. In some embodiments, the display configuration is communicatively coupled to one or more controllers that control the display of electronic media via the display configuration. In some embodiments, the display configuration is communicatively coupled to a first controller, and wherein the viewing (e.g., tintable) window is communicatively coupled to a second controller. In some embodiments, the first and second controllers are the same controller. In some embodiments, the first and second controllers are different communicatively coupled controllers. In some embodiments, the first and second controllers are communicatively coupled to a third controller. In some embodiments, the display configuration is communicatively coupled to a first controller (e.g., a timing controller) disposed in a window frame housing the viewing (e.g., tintable) window. In some embodiments, the display configuration is electrically coupled to a power source disposed in a building fixture adjacent to the viewing (e.g., tintable) window. In some embodiments, the building fixture is a wall, ceiling, floor, or window frame housing the viewing (e.g., tintable) window. In some embodiments, the display structure is electrically coupled to a power source disposed at a minimum distance from the display structure, the minimum distance being at least about fifteen (15) feet. In some embodiments, the display structure is communicatively coupled to a controller (e.g., a timing controller) that controls the display structure, the controller being disposed at a minimum distance of at least about five (5) feet from the display structure. In some embodiments, the tint-adjustable window comprises an electrochromic glass structure. In some embodiments, the display structure comprises a first glass pane, a second glass pane, and a display matrix (e.g., a light array) disposed between the first glass pane and the second glass pane. In some embodiments, the display matrix comprises an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix comprises an array of transparent organic light-emitting diodes (TOLEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix has at least about 2000 pixels on its primary length scale. In some embodiments, the primary length scale of the display matrix is ​​the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is ​​a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. In some embodiments, the display structure is coupled to the viewing (e.g., tint-adjustable) window by a fastener. In some embodiments, the fastener comprises a hinge, a bracket, or a cover. In some embodiments, a hinge is (i) connected to a bracket connected to the display structure and (ii) connected to a cover connected to the fixture, the hinge facilitating rotation of the display structure relative to the fixture about the hinge joint.In some embodiments, a hinge (i) reversibly connects to a bracket, which is irreversibly connected to the display structure, and (ii) reversibly connects to a cover, which is reversibly connected to a fixture, the hinge facilitating rotation of the display structure relative to the fixture about the hinge joint. In some embodiments, the cover includes a rotating portion that can be reversibly opened and closed. In some embodiments, circuitry and / or wiring are shielded from a viewer by the cover, and the circuitry and / or wiring can be at least partially exposed by opening the rotating portion. In some embodiments, when the tunable tint window is in its darkest tint state and the display structure is projecting media, a user cannot see through (i) the display structure and (ii) the tunable tint window. In some embodiments, the tint level of the tunable tint window takes into account the position of the sun, weather conditions, light transmittance through the tunable tint window, and / or readings from one or more sensors. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more sensors is located on the exterior of the building in which the tunable tint window is located. In some embodiments, the weather conditions include any cloud cover. In some embodiments, the light transmittance through the tunable tint window is relative to external light shining on the viewing (e.g., tunable) window. In some embodiments, the transmittance of light through the viewing (eg, tunable) window depends on the material properties of the viewing (eg, tunable) window.

[0012] In another aspect, a system for media viewing includes: a viewing (e.g., tunable) window; a display construction disposed adjacent to and / or aligned with the viewing (e.g., tunable) window such that a viewer can view an external environment through the display construction and the viewing (e.g., tunable) window, the display construction comprising: (i) a pair of substrates; and (ii) a display matrix laminated between the pair of substrates, the display matrix having at least about 2000 pixels on a substantial length dimension thereof; and a fastener configured to support the display construction, the fastener being secured to a frame element of the viewing (e.g., tunable) window.

[0013] In some embodiments, viewing occurs in an external environment outside a viewing (e.g., tintable) window. In some embodiments, viewing occurs in an external environment outside a viewing (e.g., tintable) window. In some embodiments, media projected by a display structure is viewed. In some embodiments, the display structure is at least thirty percent (30%) transparent. In some embodiments, the viewing (e.g., tintable) window is an electrochromic window. In some embodiments, the fastener comprises at least one hinge, and wherein the display structure is secured to the viewing (e.g., tintable) window via the at least one hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge is configured to facilitate servicing of the display structure. In some embodiments, a driver board communicatively coupled to the display structure is concealed from a viewer by at least one hinge blade. In some embodiments, the system includes a control board and a power supply. In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the display structure and the power supply is at least fifteen feet (15'). In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the control board and the power supply is at least five feet (5'). In some embodiments, the display structure is coupled to one or more controllers and / or networks via a coaxial cable. In some embodiments, the coaxial cable comprises a micro-coaxial cable. In some embodiments, a primary length dimension of the display matrix is ​​the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is ​​a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix.

[0014] In another aspect, a system for media viewing comprises: a tunable tint window having at least a whitened state and a tinted state; a display structure configured to display and / or manipulate electronic media, the display structure being positioned adjacent to and registered with the tunable tint window such that, at least when the tunable tint window is in the whitened state, a user is able to view through (i) the display structure and (ii) the tunable tint window, the display structure being at least partially transparent; and display circuitry optionally connected directly to the display structure.

[0015] In some embodiments, the display structure is communicatively coupled to a network that transmits electronic media. In some embodiments, the network is communicatively coupled to a building management system. In some embodiments, the display circuitry is configured to be at least partially accessible during its operation and / or after its installation, for example, without requiring removal of (I) fasteners from its supporting structure, (II) the display formed from the fasteners, and / or (III) the E-box and / or power supply. The electrical box (e.g., the E-box) may contain a timing controller for the display structure. In some embodiments, the system further includes a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access to or restriction of the display circuitry during operation and / or after the display structure is installed. In some embodiments, the display structure is communicatively coupled to one or more controllers that control the display of electronic media via the display structure. In some embodiments, the display structure is communicatively coupled to a first controller, and wherein the tint-adjustable window is communicatively coupled to a second controller. In some embodiments, the first and second controllers are the same controller. In some embodiments, the first and second controllers are different communicatively coupled controllers. In some embodiments, the first and second controllers are communicatively coupled to a third controller. In some embodiments, the display structure is communicatively coupled to the first controller, which is disposed in the window frame that houses the tint-adjustable window. In some embodiments, the display structure is electrically coupled to a power source disposed in a building fixture adjacent to the tint-adjustable window. In some embodiments, the building fixture is a wall, ceiling, floor, or window frame housing the tint-adjustable window. In some embodiments, the display structure is electrically coupled to a power source disposed at a minimum distance from the display structure, the minimum distance being at least about fifteen (15) feet. In some embodiments, the display structure is communicatively coupled to a controller that controls the display structure, the controller being disposed at a minimum distance from the display structure, the minimum distance being at least about five (5) feet. In some embodiments, the tint-adjustable window comprises an electrochromic glass structure. In some embodiments, the display structure comprises a first glass pane, a second glass pane, and a display matrix (e.g., a light array) disposed between the first glass pane and the second glass pane. In some embodiments, the display matrix comprises an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix comprises an array of transparent organic light-emitting diodes (TOLEDs). In some embodiments, the display matrix has at least about 2000 pixels on its primary length scale. In some embodiments, the primary length scale of the display matrix is ​​the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is ​​a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. In some embodiments, the display structure is coupled to the tint window by (e.g., at most one) fastener. In some embodiments, the fastener comprises a hinge, a bracket, or a slat.In some embodiments, a hinge (i) is connected to a bracket connected to the display structure, and (ii) is connected to a slat connected to the fixture, the hinge facilitating rotation of the display structure relative to the fixture about the hinge joint. In some embodiments, the hinge (i) is reversibly connected to the bracket, the bracket is irreversibly connected to the display structure, and (ii) is reversibly connected to the slat, the slat is reversibly connected to the fixture, the hinge facilitating rotation of the display structure relative to the fixture about the hinge joint. In some embodiments, the slat includes a rotating portion that can be reversibly opened and closed. In some embodiments, circuitry (e.g., display circuitry and / or touch screen circuitry) and / or wiring is shielded from a viewer by the slat, and the circuitry and / or wiring can be at least partially exposed by opening the rotating portion. In some embodiments, when the tunable tint window is in its darkest tint state and the display structure is projecting media, a user cannot see through (i) the display structure and (ii) the tunable tint window. In some embodiments, the tunable tint window is configured for tint adjustment in conjunction with media displayed by the display structure. In some embodiments, the tunable tint window is configured for manual and / or automatic tint adjustment. In some embodiments, the tunable tint window is configured for tint adjustment when the display configuration projects media. In some embodiments, the media has passive content that is static at least during the tint adjustment period. In some embodiments, the media has active content that changes at least during the tint adjustment period. In some embodiments, the tunable tint window is configured for tint adjustment by taking into account the position of the sun, the time of day, the date, the geographic location of the housing in which the display configuration is located, weather conditions, the transmittance of light through the tunable tint window, and / or readings from one or more sensors. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more sensors is located exterior of the building in which the tunable tint window is located. In some embodiments, the weather conditions include any cloud cover. In some embodiments, the transmittance of light through the tunable tint window is relative to external light impinging on the tunable tint window. In some embodiments, the transmittance of light through the tunable tint window depends on material properties of the tunable tint window. In some embodiments, at least one touch screen is positioned proximate to at least one display configuration, the at least one touch screen being positioned such that the at least one touch screen overlaps at least a portion of a viewing surface of the at least one display configuration. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to be operably coupled to the at least one touch screen, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to adjust media displayed on the at least one display configuration based at least in part on user tactile interaction with the at least one touch screen. In some embodiments, the at least one display configuration is a plurality of display configurations configured to display a portion of a screen image, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to adjust media displayed on the plurality of configurations based at least in part on user tactile interaction with the at least one touch screen.In some embodiments, at least one touch screen is a plurality of touch screens configured so that a user can use the plurality of touch screens as if it were a single touch screen spanning the plurality of touch screens. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is a plurality of touch screens comprising a first touch screen having a first side that is immediately adjacent to a second side of a second touch screen. In some embodiments, there is no other intervening touch screen immediately adjacent. In some embodiments, the first side contacts the second side via an adhesive. In some embodiments, the first side is free of a first panel, and wherein the second side is free of a second panel. In some embodiments, the first side is bounded by the first panel, and wherein the second side is bounded by the second panel. In some embodiments, the first panel includes a sensor and an emitter, and wherein the second panel includes a sensor and an emitter. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is configured to operably engage at least two sensor and emitter panels, the at least two sensor and emitter panels being arranged (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other, and (b) at a distance from each other, at least a portion of the at least one touch screen being arranged in the distance. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is configured to operably engage at least two sensor and emitter panels, wherein the at least two sensor and emitter panels are arranged to be (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other, and (b) at a certain distance from each other, and more than one of the at least one touch screen is arranged in the distance.

[0016] In another aspect, a system for media viewing comprises: a tunable tint window having at least a whitened state and a tinted state; a display structure configured to display and / or manipulate electronic media, the display structure being positioned adjacent to and registered with the tunable tint window such that, at least when the tunable tint window is in the whitened state, a user is able to view through (i) the display structure and (ii) the tunable tint window, the display structure being at least partially transparent; and optionally (e.g., at most one) fastener configured to couple to the display structure.

[0017] In some embodiments, the fastener (I) is configured to facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) is configured to span at least thirty percent (30%) of the length of a side of the display construction, (III) is configured to facilitate heat exchange, and / or (IV) includes a plurality of hinges. In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access to and restraint of the display circuitry. In some embodiments, the display construction includes: (i) a pair of substrates; and (ii) a display matrix laminated between the pair of substrates. In some embodiments, the display matrix has at least approximately 2,000 pixels across its substantial length dimension. In some embodiments, the display construction is at least thirty percent (30%) transparent. In some embodiments, the tunable window is an electrochromic window. In some embodiments, the fastener includes at least one hinge, and wherein the display construction is secured to the tunable window via the at least one hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge is configured to facilitate servicing of the display construction. In some embodiments, a driver board communicatively coupled to the display construction is concealed from a viewer by at least one hinge blade. In some embodiments, the system includes a control board and a power supply. In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the display structure and the power source is at least fifteen feet (15'). In some embodiments, the shortest distance between the control panel and the power source is at least five feet (5'). In some embodiments, the display structure is coupled to one or more controllers and / or networks via a coaxial cable. In some embodiments, the coaxial cable comprises a micro-coaxial cable. In some embodiments, a primary length dimension of the display matrix is ​​the height or width of the display matrix. In some embodiments, the display matrix is ​​a high-resolution or ultra-high-resolution display matrix. In some embodiments, the tunable tint window is configured for tint adjustment in conjunction with media displayed by the display structure. In some embodiments, the tunable tint window is configured for manual and / or automatic tint adjustment. In some embodiments, the tunable tint window is configured for tint adjustment when the display structure projects media. In some embodiments, the media has passive content that is static at least during tint adjustment. In some embodiments, the media has active content that changes at least during tint adjustment. In some embodiments, the tunable tint window is configured for tint adjustment by taking into account the position of the sun, the time of day, the date, the geographic location of the housing in which the display structure is disposed, weather conditions, light transmittance through the tunable tint window, and / or readings from one or more sensors. In some embodiments, at least one touch screen is disposed proximate to at least one display construction, the at least one touch screen being disposed such that the at least one touch screen overlaps at least a portion of a viewing surface of the at least one display construction.In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to be operably coupled to the at least one touchscreen, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to adjust media displayed on the at least one display configuration based, at least in part, on user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. In some embodiments, the at least one display configuration is a multiple display configuration, wherein each of the multiple display configurations is configured to display a portion of a screen image, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to adjust media displayed on the multiple configurations based, at least in part, on user tactile interaction with the at least one touchscreen. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a multiple touchscreen, configured so that a user can use the multiple touchscreens as if they were a single touchscreen spanning the multiple touchscreens. In some embodiments, the at least one touchscreen is a multiple touchscreen, comprising a first touchscreen having a first side immediately adjacent to a second side of a second touchscreen. In some embodiments, the adjacent sides are free of another intervening touchscreen. In some embodiments, the first side is free of a first panel, and / or the second side is free of a second panel. In some embodiments, the first side is bounded by the first panel, and / or the second side is bounded by the second panel. In some embodiments, the first panel includes a sensor and a transmitter, and / or the second panel includes a sensor and a transmitter. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is configured to operably engage at least two sensor and emitter panels, the at least two sensor and emitter panels being arranged (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and / or (b) at a distance from each other, with at least a portion of the at least one touch screen being arranged in the distance. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is configured to operably engage at least two sensor and emitter panels, the at least two sensor and emitter panels being (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other and / or (b) at a distance from each other, with more than one of the at least one touch screen being arranged in the distance. In some embodiments, the at least two sensor and emitter panels are arranged such that a radiation emitting emitter in a first panel can be sensed by a sensor of a second panel arranged parallel or substantially parallel to the first panel, wherein the first panel and the second panel are included in the at least two sensor and emitter panels.

[0018] In another aspect, a device for controlling media viewing comprises at least one controller comprising control circuitry, the at least one controller being configured to: (a) be operably coupled to a display structure configured to display and / or manipulate electronic media, the display structure being positioned adjacent to and aligned with a tunable tint window so that a user can view through (i) the display structure and (ii) the tunable tint window, the display structure being at least partially transparent at least when the tunable tint window is in a whitened state, the tunable tint window having at least one whitened state and one tinted state, the display structure optionally being (A) coupled to display circuitry wired to the display structure, and / or (B) coupled to a fastener (e.g., at most one) configured to couple to the display structure; and (b) control the display structure or direct control of the display structure.

[0019] In some embodiments, the display circuitry is configured to be at least partially accessible, for example, during operation and / or after installation, without requiring removal of (A) the fasteners from its supporting structure, (B) the display constructed from the fasteners, and / or (C) the E-box and / or power supply. The electrical box (e.g., the E-box) may contain a timing controller for the display construction. In some embodiments, the fasteners are configured to (I) facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) span at least thirty percent (30%) of the length of a side of the display construction, (III) facilitate heat exchange, and / or (IV) contain a plurality of hinges. In some embodiments, the display circuitry includes at least a portion of the control circuitry, and the display construction is coupled to hinges configured to facilitate reversible access to and restraint of the display circuitry. In some embodiments, at least one controller is part of a hierarchical control system. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to diagnose the display construction or direct diagnosis of the display construction. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to compensate for operation of the display construction or direct compensation of operation of the display construction. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to (i) diagnose the display structure or direct the diagnosis of the display structure to generate a diagnosis, and (ii) compensate for the operation of the display structure or direct the compensation of the operation of the display structure by using the diagnosis. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the adjustment of the display structure to compensate for deviations from the expected operation of the display structure. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor the condition of a filter configured to filter the atmosphere or direct the monitoring of the condition of a filter configured to filter the atmosphere. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to monitor the lifespan of the filter or direct the monitoring of the lifespan of the filter. In some embodiments, the condition includes the effectiveness of the filter. In some embodiments, the condition includes the clogging state of the filter, the atmospheric flow rate through the filter, the accumulated operating time and / or the durability. In some embodiments, the filter includes a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. In some embodiments, the filter is configured to filter particles up to millimeter, micron or nanometer scale. In some embodiments, the filter is configured to filter pathogens and / or particulate matter. In some embodiments, the filter is configured to filter animate and / or inanimate matter. In some embodiments, the filter is included in a ventilation system. In some embodiments, the filter is disposed in a vent leading to a housing in which the display structure is disposed, or in the housing. In some embodiments, the filter is disposed externally of the housing and the display structure is disposed within the housing. In some embodiments, the filter is disposed within a fixture. In some embodiments, the fixture is a wall or window frame. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of the temperature of the display structure.In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct diagnosis of the display construction at least in part by monitoring or directing the temperature of the display construction. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to use the temperature of the display construction to compensate for or direct compensation of the operation of the display construction. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of the state of one or more pixels of the display construction. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct diagnosis of the display construction at least in part by monitoring or directing the state of one or more pixels of the display construction. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct operation of the display construction based at least in part on the state of one or more pixels of the display construction. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of the operation of at least one fan configured to operate in conjunction with the display construction. In some embodiments, at least one controller is configured to diagnose or direct diagnosis of the display construction at least in part by monitoring or directing the operation of at least one fan configured to operate in conjunction with the display construction. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the operation of the display construction based at least in part on the operation of the at least one fan. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the adjustment of the display construction based at least in part on the use of at least one pixel of the display construction. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the adjustment of the display construction based at least in part on the temperature of the display construction. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to be operably coupled to at least one sensor comprising a pressure sensor, an airflow sensor, a temperature sensor, or an electromagnetic sensor, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the operation of the display construction based at least in part on the operation of the at least one sensor. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the operation of the display construction based at least in part on the current, voltage, and / or power supplied to the display construction to achieve the intended purpose. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to adjust or direct the operation of the display construction based at least in part on the current, voltage, and / or power supplied to the at least one pixel of the display construction to achieve the intended purpose.In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to cycle the display configuration or direct the cycling of the display configuration after a predetermined time interval, wherein the cycling of the display configuration includes modifying the displayed media over time to reduce degradation of one or more pixels of the display configuration. In some embodiments, the one or more pixels comprise light-emitting diodes. In some embodiments, the light-emitting diodes are organic light-emitting diodes. In some embodiments, the light-emitting diodes are at least partially transparent. In some embodiments, the predetermined time interval is adjusted based at least in part on the type of viewing of the display configuration during a previous predetermined time interval. In some embodiments, the at least one controller is configured to be operably coupled to at least one touch screen disposed proximate to the display configuration, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to adjust the media displayed on the display configuration based at least in part on user tactile interaction with the at least one touch screen. In some embodiments, the at least one display configuration is a plurality of display configurations configured to display a portion of a screen image, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to adjust the media displayed on the plurality of configurations based at least in part on user tactile interaction with the at least one touch screen. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is a plurality of touch screens, and the at least one controller is configured to enable a user to use the plurality of touch screens as if it were a single touch screen spanning the plurality of touch screens. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is a plurality of touch screens, comprising a first touch screen having a first side immediately adjacent to a second side of a second touch screen. In some embodiments, the adjacent sides are free of another intervening touch screen. In some embodiments, the first side is free of the first panel, and / or the second side is free of the second panel. In some embodiments, the first side is bounded by the first panel, and / or the second side is bounded by the second panel. In some embodiments, the first panel comprises a sensor and an emitter, and / or the second panel comprises a sensor and an emitter. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is configured to operably engage at least two sensor and emitter panels, the at least two sensor and emitter panels being arranged (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other, and (b) at a distance from each other, with at least a portion of the at least one touch screen being arranged within the distance. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is configured to operably engage at least two sensor and emitter panels, the at least two sensor and emitter panels being arranged (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other, and (b) at a distance from each other, with more than one of the at least one touch screen being arranged within the distance.In some embodiments, the at least two sensor and emitter panels are arranged such that a radiation emitting emitter in a first panel can be sensed by a sensor of a second panel arranged parallel or substantially parallel to the first panel, wherein the first panel and the second panel are included in the at least two sensor and emitter panels.

[0020] In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for controlling media viewing has instructions recorded thereon that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations including any of the operations of the apparatus described above.

[0021] In another aspect, a method for controlling media viewing comprises: displaying and / or manipulating electronic media on a display structure, the display structure being positioned adjacent to and registered with a tunable tint window such that, at least when the tunable tint window is in a whitened state, a user is able to view through (i) the display structure and (ii) the tunable tint window, the display structure being at least partially transparent, the tunable tint window having at least one whitened state and one tinted state; and optionally using (A) display circuitry configured to communicate with the display structure, and / or (B) (e.g., at most one) fastener configured to couple to the display structure.

[0022] In some embodiments, the display circuitry is configured to be at least partially accessible, for example, during operation and / or after installation, without requiring removal of (A) the fastener from its supporting structure, (B) the display formed by the fastener, and / or (C) the E-box and / or power supply. The electrical box (e.g., E-box) may include a timing controller for the display structure. In some embodiments, the fastener is configured to (I) facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) span at least thirty percent (30%) of the length of a side of the display structure, and / or (III) exchange heat, and / or (IV) include a plurality of hinges. In some embodiments, the display circuitry may be reversibly accessed or restrained, for example, by utilizing at least one hinge of the fastener, without requiring removal of (A) the fastener from its supporting structure, (B) the display formed by the fastener, and / or (C) the E-box and / or power supply. The electrical box (e.g., E-box) may include a timing controller for the display structure. In some embodiments, the method further comprises diagnosing the display structure to generate a diagnosis. In some embodiments, diagnosing the display structure is performed by at least one controller of the hierarchical control system. In some embodiments, the method further includes using the diagnostics to compensate for one or more operations of the display configuration. In some embodiments, the method further includes adjusting media displayed on the display configuration based at least in part on a user's tactile interaction with at least one touch screen disposed proximate to the display configuration. In some embodiments, the display configuration is a plurality of display configurations that display a portion of a screen image. In some embodiments, the method further includes adjusting media displayed on the plurality of display configurations based at least in part on a user's tactile interaction with at least one touch screen. In some embodiments, the at least one touch screen is a plurality of touch screens. In some embodiments, the method further includes the user using the plurality of touch screens as if the plurality of touch screens were a single touch screen spanning the plurality of touch screens.

[0023] In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for controlling media viewing has instructions recorded thereon that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations including any of the operations of the above method.

[0024] In another aspect, a method of maintaining a media display comprises: (a) displaying electronic media on a display construction comprising light projection components; (b) using at least one sensor to sense the media displayed by the light projection components of the display construction to generate sensor data; (c) using the sensor data to evaluate a status of at least one of the light projection components by comparing the displayed media with media requested to be displayed; and (d) using a control system to (i) adjust illumination of at least one of the light projection components to illuminate a desired level of illumination for the media to be displayed, and / or (ii) predict maintenance of the display construction when the status of at least one of the light projection components is below a threshold, wherein the control system is operably coupled to the display construction and the at least one sensor.

[0025] In some embodiments, maintaining the display structure includes replacing the display structure. In some embodiments, controlling includes a controller hierarchy. In some embodiments, the method further includes using a control system to control a housing in which the display structure is disposed. In some embodiments, the method further includes using a control system to control an atmosphere of the housing in which the display structure is disposed. In some embodiments, the method further includes using a building management system to control a building in which the display structure is disposed, the control system being coupled to and / or controlling the building management system. In some embodiments, the method further includes using the control system to control cycling of at least one of the light illumination components. In some embodiments, the method further includes using the control system to predict maintenance of at least one of the light illumination components using a learning module or guiding the use of a learning module. In some embodiments, the control system is communicatively coupled to a network configured to provide data and / or power to the display structure.

[0026] In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for maintaining a media display has instructions recorded thereon that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations including any of the operations of the above method.

[0027] In another aspect, an apparatus for maintaining a media display comprises at least one controller comprising circuitry, the at least one controller being configured to: (a) be operably coupled to a display construction and at least one sensor, (b) direct the display construction to display electronic media, the display construction comprising a light projection component; (c) direct the at least one sensor to sense media displayed by the light projection component of the display construction to generate sensor data; (d) use the sensor data or direct the use of the sensor data to evaluate a status of at least one of the light projection components by comparing the displayed media with media requested for display; and: (e) direct at least one of the light projection components to adjust illumination so that at least one of the light projection components will illuminate a desired level of illumination for the media to be displayed, and / or (f) predict maintenance of the display construction or direct the prediction of maintenance of the display construction when the status of at least one of the light projection components is below a threshold.

[0028] In some embodiments, maintenance of the display structure includes replacement of the display structure. In some embodiments, the control includes a controller hierarchy. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control a housing in which the display structure is disposed. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control the atmosphere of the housing in which the display structure is disposed. In some embodiments, the control system is configured as a building management system that controls a building in which the display structure is disposed. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control cyclic illumination of at least one of the light illumination components. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to use a learning module or guide utilization of a learning module to predict maintenance of at least one of the light illumination components. In some embodiments, the learning module includes a neural network. In some embodiments, the learning module includes one or more deep learning algorithms. In some embodiments, the control system is communicatively coupled to a network configured to provide data and / or power to the display structure.

[0029] In another aspect, a non-transitory computer program product for maintaining a media display includes instructions recorded thereon that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations including any of the operations of the at least one controller described above.

[0030] In some embodiments, a method for viewing media discloses using any of the systems and / or devices disclosed herein to view media on a display construction operably coupled to a viewing (eg, tunable) window.

[0031] In some embodiments, a method for viewing an external environment of a viewing window discloses using any of the systems and / or devices disclosed herein to view an external environment of a viewing (e.g., tintable) window while a display structure is, for example, operably coupled to the viewing (e.g., tintable) window and in line of sight between a user and the external environment.

[0032] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides methods of using any of the systems and / or devices disclosed herein, eg, for their intended purpose.

[0033] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides systems, devices (eg, controllers), and / or non-transitory computer-readable media (eg, software) that implement any of the methods disclosed herein.

[0034] In another aspect, an apparatus comprises at least one controller programmed to direct a mechanism for implementing (eg, achieving) any of the methods disclosed herein, wherein the at least one controller is operably coupled to the mechanism.

[0035] In another aspect, a device includes at least one controller configured (eg, programmed) to implement (eg, perform) a method disclosed herein. The at least one controller may perform any of the methods disclosed herein.

[0036] In another aspect, a system comprises at least one controller programmed to direct the operation of at least one other device (or component thereof) and the device (or component thereof), wherein the at least one controller is operably coupled to the device (or component thereof). The device (or component thereof) may include any device (or component thereof) disclosed herein. The at least one controller may direct any device (or component thereof) disclosed herein.

[0037] In another aspect, a computer software product includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program instructions stored therein, wherein the instructions, when read by a computer, cause the computer to direct the mechanism (e.g., device and / or any component thereof) disclosed herein to implement (e.g., perform) any method disclosed herein, wherein the non-transitory computer-readable medium is operably coupled to the mechanism. The mechanism may include any device (or any component thereof) disclosed herein.

[0038] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium containing machine-executable code that, when executed by one or more computer processors, implements any of the methods disclosed herein.

[0039] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium containing machine-executable code that, when executed by one or more computer processors, implements booting of controller(s) (eg, as disclosed herein).

[0040] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer system comprising one or more computer processors and a non-transitory computer-readable medium coupled thereto. The non-transitory computer-readable medium comprises machine-executable code that, when executed by the one or more computer processors, implements any of the methods disclosed herein and / or implements the instructions of the controller(s) disclosed herein.

[0041] Other aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, wherein only illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure are shown and described. As will be appreciated, the present disclosure is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modification in various obvious respects, all without departing from the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not restrictive.

[0042] These and other features and embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Incorporated by Reference

[0044] All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The novel features of the present invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention will be obtained by referring to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings (also referred to as "figures" and "illustrations") which set forth illustrative embodiments in which the principles of the invention are utilized, wherein:

[0046] Figure 1A to Figure 1B Various window and display configurations are shown;

[0047] Figure 2 Schematically illustrates display construction components;

[0048] Figure 3 Schematically illustrates display construction components;

[0049] Figure 4 The hinge is shown schematically;

[0050] Figure 5Various fasteners and display construction components are schematically shown;

[0051] Figure 6 Various fasteners, display construction components, and wiring are schematically shown;

[0052] Figure 7 Various fasteners and display construction components are schematically shown;

[0053] Figure 8 Various views of a display construction assembly and applicator are schematically shown;

[0054] Figure 9 Various views of display construction components are schematically shown;

[0055] Figure 10 Schematically illustrates various fastener options and display construction components;

[0056] Figure 11 schematically illustrates various operations in forming a display construction assembly;

[0057] Figure 12 Various fasteners and display construction components are schematically shown;

[0058] Figure 13 The various layers in the electrochromic construction are schematically shown;

[0059] FIG. 14A to FIG. 14B Various views of an integrated glass unit are schematically shown;

[0060] Figure 15 The control grading scheme and buildings are shown schematically;

[0061] Figure 16 The processing system is schematically shown;

[0062] Figure 17 Schematically illustrates the display construction components and the controller and power supply components;

[0063] Figure 18 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of operating a display configuration;

[0064] Figure 19 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of operating a display configuration;

[0065] Figure 20 Schematically shows the control scheme of the display configuration;

[0066] Figures 21A to 21B Various window and display configurations are schematically shown;

[0067] FIG. 22A to FIG. 22B Various window and display configurations are schematically shown;

[0068] Figure 23 Various window and display configurations are schematically shown;

[0069] Figure 24 Various window and display configurations are schematically shown;

[0070] Figure 25 Various window and display configurations are schematically shown;

[0071] Figure 26 schematically illustrates an exploded (e.g., disassembled) view of a box containing an electrical circuit;

[0072] FIG. 27A to FIG. 27B Various views of a box containing an electrical circuit are shown schematically;

[0073] Figure 28 Schematically illustrates the display configuration and associated components;

[0074] 29A to 29D Various display configurations are schematically shown;

[0075] FIG. 30A to FIG. 30B Various display configurations are schematically shown;

[0076] Figures 31A to 31B Various display configurations are schematically shown;

[0077] Figure 32 schematically showing an exploded view (e.g., exploded view) of a box containing an electrical circuit;

[0078] Figures 33A to 33D Various views of a box containing an electrical circuit are shown schematically;

[0079] Figures 34A to 34E Various views of a box containing an electrical circuit are shown schematically;

[0080] Figure 35 Various views of display configurations and associated components (e.g., portions thereof) are schematically shown;

[0081] Figure 36 Various views of display configurations and associated components (e.g., portions thereof) are schematically shown;

[0082] Figure 37 Various views of display configurations and associated components (e.g., portions thereof) are schematically shown;

[0083] Figure 38Various views of display configurations and associated components (e.g., portions thereof) are schematically shown;

[0084] Figure 39 Various views of display configurations and associated components (e.g., portions thereof) are schematically shown;

[0085] Figure 40 Various views schematically illustrating portions of a display construction and associated components (e.g., portions thereof);

[0086] Figure 41 Various views of display configurations and associated components (e.g., portions thereof) are schematically shown;

[0087] Figure 42 various views schematically illustrating portions of a display configuration and associated components; and

[0088] Figure 43 Different views of portions of the fastener and associated components are schematically shown.

[0089] The figures and components therein may not be drawn to scale. Various components of the figures described herein may not be drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] Although various embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these embodiments are provided by way of example only. Many variations, modifications, and substitutions may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the present invention. It will be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the present invention described herein may be employed.

[0091] Terms such as "a," "an," and "the" are not intended to refer to only a single entity, but include the general class of which specific instances may be used for illustration. The terms herein are used to describe specific embodiments of the invention(s), but their usage does not limit the invention(s).

[0092] Unless otherwise indicated, when referring to a range, the range is meant to be inclusive. For example, a range between value 1 and value 2 is meant to be inclusive and include value 1 and value 2. An inclusive range will span any value from about value 1 to about value 2. As used herein, the terms "adjacent" or "near" include "near," "adjacent," "contacting," and "near."

[0093] The term "operably coupled" or "operably connected" refers to a first element (e.g., a mechanism) coupled (e.g., connected) to a second element to allow for the intended operation of the second element and / or the first element. The coupling may comprise a physical coupling or a non-physical coupling. A non-physical coupling may comprise a signal induction coupling (e.g., a wireless coupling). The coupling may comprise a physical coupling (e.g., a physical connection) or a non-physical coupling (e.g., via wireless communication).

[0094] An element (e.g., a mechanism) that is "configured to" perform a feature includes structural features that enable the element to perform this function. Structural features may include electrical features, such as circuits or circuit elements. Structural features may include circuits (e.g., comprising electrical circuits or optical circuits). A circuit may include one or more wires. An optical circuit may include at least one optical element (e.g., a beam splitter, a reflector, a lens, and / or an optical fiber). Structural features may include mechanical features. Mechanical features may include latches, springs, closures, hinges, chassis, supports, fasteners, or cantilevers, among others. Executing the feature may include utilizing logical features. Logical features may include programming instructions. Programming instructions may be executed by at least one processor. Programming instructions may be stored or encoded on a medium accessible (e.g., non-transitory) to one or more processors.

[0095] In some embodiments, the display structure is coupled to a viewing (e.g., color-adjustable viewing) window. The viewing window may include an integrated glass unit. The display structure may include one or more glass panes. The display (e.g., a display matrix) may include light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The LEDs may include organic materials (e.g., organic light-emitting diodes, abbreviated herein as "OLEDs"). The OLEDs may include transparent OLED displays (abbreviated herein as "TOLEDs") that are at least partially transparent. The display may have a basic length scale of 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, or 8000 pixels. The display may have any number of pixels between the above numbers of pixels on its basic length scale (e.g., from about 2000 pixels to about 4000 pixels, from about 4000 pixels to about 8000 pixels, or from about 2000 pixels to about 8000 pixels). The basic length scale may include the diameter, length, width, or height of a bounding circle. The basic length scale may be abbreviated herein as "FLS." The display structure may include a high-resolution display. For example, the display configuration can have at least about 550, 576, 680, 720, 768, 1024, 1080, 1920, 1280, 2160, 3840, 4096, 4320, or 7680 pixels, multiplied by at least about 550, 576, 680, 720, 768, 1024, 1080, 1280, 1920, 2160, 3840, 4096, 4320, or 7680 pixels (at 30 Hz or 60 Hz). The first number of pixels can specify the height of the display, and the second number of pixels can specify the length of the display. For example, the display can be a high-resolution display having a resolution of 1920×1080, 3840×2160, 4096×2160, or 7680×4320. The display can be a standard definition display, an enhanced definition display, a high definition display, or an ultra high definition display. The display can be rectangular. The image projected by the display matrix can be refreshed at a frequency (e.g., at a refresh rate) of at least about 20 Hz, 30 Hz, 60 Hz, 70 Hz, 75 Hz, 80 Hz, 100 Hz, or 120 Hz. The FLS of the display construction can be at least 20", 25", 30", 35", 40", 45", 50", 55", 60", 65", 80", or 90 inches ("). The FLS of the display construction can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from about 20" to about 55", from about 55" to about 100", or from about 20" to about 100").

[0096] In some embodiments, at least a portion of a window surface in a facility is used to display various media using a glass display configuration. The display can be used to (e.g., at least partially) view the environment outside the window (e.g., the outdoor environment), such as when the display is not in operation. The display can be used to display media (e.g., as disclosed herein), enhancing the external view with (e.g., optical) overlays, augmented reality, and / or lighting (e.g., the display can act as a light source). The media can be used for both entertainment and non-entertainment purposes. The media can be used for work (e.g., data analysis, drafting, and / or video conferencing). The media can be manipulated (e.g., by utilizing the display configuration). Utilization of the display configuration can be direct or indirect. Indirect utilization of the media can be through the use of an input device, such as an electronic mouse or keyboard. The input device can be communicatively coupled to the media (e.g., wired and / or wirelessly). Direct utilization can be achieved by configuring the display as a touch screen using a user (e.g., a finger) or a pointing device (e.g., an electronic pen or stylus). The guide device can be made of a low-wear material (e.g., a polymer) and / or coated with a low-wear material. The low-wear material can be configured to facilitate (e.g., repeatedly) contact with the display structure with minimal damage (e.g., scratching) to the display structure. The low-wear material can comprise a polymer or resin (e.g., plastic). The guidance device can be passive or active. The active guidance device can be operably coupled to the display structure and / or the network. The active guidance device can comprise circuitry. The active guidance device can comprise a remote control. The guidance device can facilitate guidance of operations related to media presented by the display structure. The guidance device can facilitate interaction (e.g., in real time and / or in situ) with media presented by the display structure.

[0097] Embodiments described herein relate to windows with a tandem (e.g., transparent) display configuration. In certain embodiments, the window is an electrochromic window. The electrochromic window may include a solid-state and / or inorganic electrochromic (EC) device. The window may be in the form of an integrated glass unit (IGU). When an IGU includes an electrochromic (abbreviated herein as "EC") device, it may be referred to as an "ECIGU." Compared to an untinted IGU, an ECIGU can tint (e.g., darken) the room in which it is located and / or provide a tinted (e.g., darker) background. A tinted IGU can provide a preferred (e.g., necessary) background for acceptable (e.g., good) contrast over a (e.g., transparent) display configuration. In another example, in commercial and residential applications, a window with a (e.g., transparent) display configuration can replace a television (abbreviated herein as "TV"). The (e.g., transparent) display configuration and the ECIGU together can provide visual privacy glass functionality, for example because the display can enhance the privacy provided by EC glass alone. The embodiments disclosed herein also describe certain methods, apparatus, and systems for mounting a display construction (eg, a transparent display) to a framing system of a window.

[0098] Figure 1A An example of a window 102 framed in a window frame 103 is shown (partial view shown), and a fastener structure 104 including a first hinge 105a and a second hinge 105b that facilitates rotation of the display structure 101 about a hinge axis, for example, in the direction of arrow 111. The window can be an electrochromic window. The window can be in the form of an EC IGU. In one embodiment, mounted to the window frame (e.g., 103) are one or more at least partially transparent display structures (e.g., transparent displays) (e.g., 101). In one embodiment, one or more display structures (e.g., transparent displays) comprise T-OLED technology, but it should be understood that the present invention should not be limited by such technology. In one embodiment, one or more display structures (e.g., transparent displays) are mounted to the frame (e.g., 103) via a fastener structure (e.g., 104). In one embodiment, the fastener structure (also referred to herein as a "fastener") comprises a bracket. In one embodiment, the fastener structure comprises an L-shaped bracket. In one embodiment, the length of the L-shaped bracket is close to or equal to the length of one side of the window (e.g., in Figure 1A, is also the length of the fastener 104). In embodiments, the basic length dimension (e.g., length) of the window is up to 60 feet ('), 50', 40', 30', 25', 20', 15', 10', 5', or 1'. The FLS of the window can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from 1' to 60', from 1' to 30', from 30' to 60', or from 10' to 40'). In embodiments, the basic length dimension (e.g., length) of the window is at least about 50', 60', 80', or 100'. In one embodiment, the display construction (e.g., a transparent display) includes an area that (e.g., substantially) matches the surface area of ​​the sheet (e.g., a pane). The fastener structure can be mounted to a structure (e.g., a frame portion, such as a mullion) via a locking mechanism (e.g., a spring lock) and / or via (one or more) screws, for example, can be configured for slide and snap attachment, and the fastener can include a mounting plate. The fastener can be configured to allow its associated cable and / or wiring to be located in a support structure cavity (e.g., a frame portion) without applying pressure to the support structure (e.g., a fixture). The support structure can include a clamp (e.g., a spring clamp) to hold the fastener in place.

[0099] In certain embodiments, the area of ​​the display approximates the visual area of ​​the window (e.g., the area within the window's frame system (e.g., see Figure 1B 1) in FIG1b). In one embodiment, one or more display configurations (e.g., transparent displays) together (e.g., approximately and / or substantially) cover the viewing area of ​​the window (e.g., see 2 and 3 in FIG1b). In one embodiment, the transparent display comprises an area that is approximately half of the viewing area of ​​the (e.g., tintable) window. In one embodiment, two or more displays are mounted above a single viewing window (see 2 and 3 in FIG1b). The display configuration may cover at least a portion of the (e.g., tintable) window. The display configuration may cover at least about 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the visible portion of the (e.g., tintable) window. The area occupied by the display configuration may be the entire (100%) visible portion of the (e.g., tintable) window. The area occupied by the display configuration can be any percentage of the visible portion of the (e.g., tintable) window between the aforementioned percentages (e.g., from about 10% to about 100%, from about 10% to about 50%, or from about 50% to about 100%). Sometimes, multiple display configurations can cover the (e.g., tintable) window. For example, the display configurations can be installed in one or more layouts and / or configurations to maximize design flexibility. Multiple fasteners can be (e.g., correspondingly) coupled to multiple display configurations (e.g., to allow rotation of the display configurations). Figure 1BAn example of various windows in a building facade 120 is shown, the facade including windows 122, 123 and 121, and display configurations 1, 2 and 3. Figure 1B In the example shown in FIG, the display construction 1 is at least partially transparent and is disposed on the window 123 (e.g., the display construction 1 overlaps the window 123) so that the entire window 123 is covered by the display construction and the user can view the external environment (e.g., flowers, glass, and trees) through the display construction 1 and the window 123. The display construction 1 is coupled to the window by fasteners that facilitate rotation of the display construction about an axis parallel to the bottom horizontal edge of the window, the rotation being in the direction of arrow 127. Figure 1B , display configurations 2 and 3 are at least partially transparent and are positioned above window 121 such that the entire window 121 is covered by the two display configurations, each display configuration covers (e.g., extends to) approximately half of the surface area of ​​window 121, and a user can view the external environment (e.g., flowers, glass, and trees) through display configurations 2 and 3 and window 121. Display configuration 2 is coupled to window 121 by fasteners that facilitate rotation of the display configuration about an axis parallel to the left vertical edge of the window in the direction of arrow 126. Display configuration 3 is coupled to the window by fasteners that facilitate rotation of the display configuration about an axis parallel to the right vertical edge of window 121 in the direction of arrow 125.

[0100] In some embodiments, the display structure is coupled to a structure (e.g., a fixture). The structure may include a window, a wall, or a panel. The display structure may be coupled to the structure using fasteners. For example, when the display structure is operable, there may be a distance between the display structure and the structure. The distance may be at most approximately 0.5 meters (m), 0.4 m, 0.3 m, 0.2 m, 0.1 m, 0.05 m, 0.025 m, or 0.01 m.

[0101] In some embodiments, the E-box is operably coupled to or includes a power supply. The power supply can be an electrical device that supplies power to an electrical load. The power supply can convert the current from the power supply to the correct voltage, current, and / or frequency to power the load. The power supply can limit the current drawn by the load to a safe level (e.g., according to jurisdictional and / or safety standards), cut off the current (e.g., in the event of an electrical fault), regulate power (e.g., to prevent electrical noise and / or voltage surges on the input from reaching the load), correct the power factor, and / or store energy (e.g., to facilitate continued operation of the load during a temporary power outage). The load can be a media display (e.g., an OLED display). The power supply can be a power converter. The power supply can be a separate, standalone device. The power supply can be included in the E-box. The standalone power supply device can be located in a structure, such as a fixture. The structure can include a window frame portion (e.g., a mullion or transom) or a wall. The power supply device can be located a distance from the E-box and / or the timing controller. The distance can be at least approximately 30 feet ('), 50', 100', 200', or 300'. The E-box may or may not be part of the fastener (e.g., attached to the fastener). In some embodiments, the E-box (e.g., including any analog-to-digital converter) may be located a distance from the fastener (e.g., not part of the fastener).

[0102] In some embodiments, the housing of an electronic component (e.g., a circuit) includes at least one heat exchanger. For example, an E-box, a power supply housing, and / or a timing controller housing (e.g., a fastener) can include one or more heat exchangers (e.g., as disclosed herein). The heat exchanger can be a fan. The heat exchanger can be passive or active. The heat exchanger can include a heat pipe. The heat exchanger can include components configured to efficiently absorb and / or transfer heat. For example, the heat exchanger can include a metal plate (e.g., a heat sink). The metal sheet can include a base metal or a metal alloy.

[0103] In some embodiments, the housing of an electronic component (e.g., a fastener) may include one or more fans. A fan can direct gas (e.g., air) from one side thereof to the other (e.g., pushing gas into the surrounding environment or extracting gas from the surrounding environment). The direction of rotation of the fan can determine its function of pushing / pulling gas. The fan shape can have a basic length ratio (e.g., height, length, width, radius, or radius of a bounding circle). The basic length scale (FLS) of the fan can be at most about 5 centimeters (cm), 4 cm, 3 cm, 2.5 cm, 2 cm, 1.5 cm, 1 cm, or 0.5 cm. The FLS can have any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from about 5 cm to about 0.5 cm, from about 5 cm to about 2 cm, or from about 2 cm to about 0.5 cm). The height and length of the fan can be (e.g., substantially) equal. The width of the fan can be at most half, one-third, one-quarter, or one-fifth of the fan height and / or length. The fan can have a plurality of blades (e.g., at least 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 blades). In some embodiments, the fan can be bladeless. The fan can require a low voltage, for example, at most about 1.5 volts (V), 2V, 3V, 4V, 5V, 6V, 7V, 8V, 9V, or 10V. The speed of the fan can be at least about 5,000 revolutions per minute (KRPM), 5.5KRPM, 6KRPM, 6.5KRPM, 7KRPM, 7.5KRPM, 8KRPM, 8.5KRPM, 9KRPM, 9.5KRPM, 10KRPM, 10.5KRPM, 11KRPM, 11.5KRPM, or 12KRPM. The fan can have a low noise characteristic. The low noise characteristic can be at most about 10.0 decibels (dbA), 15 dB, 20 dB, 25 dB or 30 dB, where the dbA value is adjusted to change the sensitivity of the human ear to sounds of different frequencies. The low noise characteristic can be lower than the sound of speech (e.g., about 65 dBA). The low noise characteristic can be at most the order of magnitude of breathing noise (e.g., about 10 dBA), a quiet study (e.g., about 20 dBA), a whisper (e.g., about 40 dBA) or an office environment (e.g., from about 50 dBA to about 65 dBA). The noise level of the fan can comply with jurisdictional standards, for example, standards promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The fan can have a weight of at most about 5 grams (g), 6 g, 8 g or 10 g. The fan can have a mass of at least about 0.02 cubic meters per minute (M 3 / minute), 0.03M 3 / min, 0.04M 3 / min, 0.05M 3 / min, 0.06M 3 / min, 0.07M 3 / minute, 0.08M 3 / min, 0.09M3 / min, 0.1M 3 / min, 0.15M 3 / minute, 0.2M 3 / minute, 0.3M 3 / minute, 0.4M 3 / minute or 0.5M 3 The fan may have a conductance between any of the conductances mentioned herein (e.g., from about 0.02 M / min to about 0.05 M / min). 3 / minute to about 0.05M 3 / minute, from about 0.05M 3 / minute to about 0.1M 3 / minute, or from about 0.1M 3 / minute to about 0.5M 3 / minute).

[0104] In some embodiments, at least two of the multiple circuit boards can be arranged in a manner that facilitates shielding, heat exchange, and / or cooling of elements disposed therebetween. At least one shielding element can be disposed between a first circuit board and a second circuit board positioned adjacent to each other (e.g., directly). The shielding element can include electrical and / or electromagnetic (e.g., radio frequency) shielding. The shielding may or may not act as a heat exchanger and / or cooling element. The housing of the electronic component can include a heat exchanger and / or cooling element separate from the shielding. The heat exchanger and / or cooling element can include a heat pipe or a metal plate. The metal can include a base metal or a metal alloy. The metal can be configured for (e.g., efficient and / or rapid) heat conduction. The metal can include copper, aluminum, brass, steel, or bronze. The cooling element can include a fluid, a gas, or a semi-solid (e.g., a gel) material. The cooling element can be active and / or passive. The cooling element can include a circulating substance. The cooling element can be operably coupled to an active cooling device (e.g., a thermostat, a cooler, and / or a refrigerator). The active cooling device can be disposed outside the overall housing of the device. The cooling element may be disposed in a fixture (eg, floor, ceiling, wall, or frame) of a housing (eg, a building or room) in which the housing of the electronic component is disposed. The fixture may comprise a mullion or a beam.

[0105] In some embodiments, the display construction assembly can accept one or more connector types for media signals and / or electricity. For example, at least one connector and / or socket to one or more drivers and / or receivers, such as for a serial communication system (e.g., RS485 (input and output)). The connector and / or socket types can include HDMI, DisplayPort (DP) input and / or output, or AC input and / or switch. Figure 17An example of one side of a controller and power supply assembly 1700 is shown, which includes an HDMI input terminal 1701, a DP1 input terminal 1702, an RS485 input terminal 1703, an AC switch and AC input terminal 1704, an RS485 output terminal 1705 and a DP output terminal 1706. Figure 17 Shown are a controller and power supply assembly 1710 connected to a main power line 1711, a window controller 1712, an IGU 1715, a frame cap 1718 (sometimes called a "nice cap"), a window frame 1719, circuitry 1716 (e.g., containing boosters and / or drivers for a display matrix), hinges (e.g., hinge 1717), a display construction 1714, a covering 1720, and a display construction frame (e.g., an edge bezel) 1713 for the display construction. The display construction frame can be a covering for the touch screen component(s). The window controller can be located on the side of the window, closer to the window or further away from the window. The window controller can be located in (or on) the window frame, in (or on) a wall, in (or on) a ceiling, or in (or on) a floor. The hinge may or may not be temporarily locked (e.g., using an insert (e.g., a slit or crack), a protrusion, and / or a spring (e.g., a spring plunger)).

[0106] In some embodiments, a display construction is registered with a viewing window (e.g., an integrated glass unit, abbreviated herein as "IGU"). The display construction can be configured to be positioned over at least a portion of a (e.g., tintable) window. For example, the display construction can be configured to overlap at least a portion of the window. The display construction can be configured to facilitate simultaneous viewing from one side of the window (e.g., the interior environment) to an opposite side thereof (e.g., the exterior environment). The display construction can be located within the line of sight of a user looking through the window (or any portion thereof).

[0107] In some embodiments, the controller is operably coupled (e.g., communicatively coupled) to the display configuration. The communication may be wired and / or wireless. The controller may at least partially automatically control the display configuration. The controller may be a timing controller (e.g., T-CON), e.g., as disclosed herein. The control may include electronic and / or optical control. The controller may include a microcontroller. The controller may be disposed adjacent to the glass (e.g., IGU) and / or the display configuration. The controller may be disposed in a window frame (e.g., a transom or mullion). In some embodiments, the mullion (e.g., Figure 1B , 131) is a vertical extension of the window frame, and the crossbeam (e.g. Figure 1B , 130) is a horizontal extension of the window frame. The window frame can (e.g., directly or indirectly) hold glass and / or display structures. The glass can be tintable glass. The tintable glass can be controlled (e.g., using at least one controller). For example, the tintable glass can be hierarchically controlled by a controller (e.g., see Figure 15 ). The hierarchy of controllers can be static or dynamic (e.g., where the hierarchical name of the controller changes dynamically). One or more controllers that control a viewing (e.g., tintable) window may or may not control a display configuration (also referred to herein as a "media display configuration").

[0108] In some embodiments, the display construction comprises glass. The glass can be in the form of one or more glass panes. For example, the display construction can include a display matrix (e.g., a light array) disposed between two glass panes. The light array can include an array of colored lights. For example, an array of red, green, and blue lights. For example, an array of cyan, magenta, and yellow lights. The light array can include light colors used in electronic screen displays. The light array can include an array of LEDs (e.g., OLEDs, such as TOLEDs). The matrix display (e.g., light array) can be at least partially transparent (e.g., to the average human eye). Transparent OLEDs can facilitate the conversion of a substantial portion (e.g., greater than approximately 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, 90%, or 95%) of the intensities and / or wavelengths perceived by the average human eye. The matrix display can be minimally intrusive to a user viewing through the array. The light array can be minimally intrusive to a user viewing through a window on which the array is disposed. The display matrix (e.g., light array) can be maximally transparent. At least one of the glass panes of the display construction can be conventional glass thickness. Conventional glass can have a thickness of at least about 1 millimeter (mm), 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, or 6 mm. Conventional glass can have a thickness ranging from any of the aforementioned values ​​(e.g., from 1 mm to 6 mm, from 1 mm to 3 mm, from 3 mm to about 4 mm, or from 4 mm to 6 mm). At least one glass pane of a display construction can have a thickness of thin glass. Thin glass can have a thickness of up to about 0.4 millimeters (mm), 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, or 0.9 mm. The thickness of thin glass can be a value ranging from any of the aforementioned values ​​(e.g., 0.4 mm to 0.9 mm, 0.4 mm to 0.7 mm, or 0.5 mm to 0.9 mm). The glass of a display construction can be at least transmissive (e.g., in the visible spectrum). For example, the glass can be at least about 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% transmissive. The glass can have a transmittance percentage value ranging from any of the aforementioned percentages (e.g., from about 80% to about 99%). The display construction can include one or more panes (e.g., glass panes). For example, the display construction can include multiple (e.g., two) panes. The glass panes can have (e.g., substantially) the same thickness, or different thicknesses. The front pane can be thicker than the back pane. The back pane can be thicker than the front pane. The front can be in the direction of the intended viewer (e.g., in front of display construction 101, viewing display construction 101). The back can be in the direction of a (e.g., tintable) window (e.g., 102). One piece of glass can be thicker than another piece of glass. The thicker glass can be at least about 1.25*, 1.5*, 2*, 2.5*, 3*, 3.5*, or 4* thicker than the thinner glass. The symbol "*" represents a mathematical operation of "time."The transmittance of a display construction (including one or more panes and a display matrix (e.g., a light array or LCD)) can be at least about 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%. The display construction can have a transmittance percentage value between any of the aforementioned percentages (e.g., from about 20% to about 90%, from about 20% to about 50%, from about 20% to about 40%, from about 30% to about 40%, from about 40% to about 80%, or from about 50% to about 90%). The source of higher transmittance refers to the higher intensity and / or wider spectrum of light that passes through the material (e.g., glass). The transmittance can be visible light. The transmittance can be measured as visible light transmittance (abbreviated herein as "Tvis"), which refers to the amount of light in the visible portion of the spectrum that passes through the material. The transmittance can be related to the intensity of the incident light. The display construction can transmit at least about 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the visible light spectrum (e.g., wavelength spectrum). The display construction may transmit any percentage between the aforementioned percentages (eg, from about 80% to about 99%). In some embodiments, a liquid crystal display is utilized in place of the light array. Figure 2 A schematic example of a display construction assembly 200 prior to lamination is shown, the display construction comprising a thicker glass pane 205, a first adhesive layer 204, a display matrix 203, a second adhesive layer 202, and a thinner glass pane 201, the matrix being connected via wiring 211 to a circuit 212 that controls at least one aspect of the display construction, the display construction being connected to a fastener 213.

[0109] The display matrix has reflectivity and / or color characteristics. The display matrix can be colored, grayscale or black and white. The display matrix can have color depth. The color depth can be at least about 250 million, 500 million, 1 billion, 1.25 billion or 1.5 billion colors. The color depth can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from about 250 million colors to about 1.5 billion colors, from about 250 million colors to about 1.25 billion colors, or from about 1 billion colors to about 1.5 billion colors). The display configuration can have a contrast ratio of at least about 100,000, 120,000, 150,000, 170,000 or 200,000 to 1. The display construction can have a contrast ratio relative to any of the aforementioned reference values ​​(e.g., from about 100,000:1 to about 200,000:1, from about 100,000:1 to about 150,000:1, or from about 150,000:1 to 200,000:1). The display construction can have a reflectivity of up to about 2%, 4%, 8%, 10%, 14%, or 18%. The display construction can have a reflectivity of any value between the aforementioned values ​​(e.g., from about 2% to about 18%, or from about 2% to about 14%).

[0110] In some embodiments, at least one glass pane in a display construction and / or IGU is strengthened. At least one glass pane in a display construction and / or IGU can be natural glass (e.g., not subjected to strengthening and / or tempering treatment). The glass can be strengthened glass. Strengthened glass can be heat-strengthened, heat-tempered, or chemically strengthened. Chemically strengthened glass can be chemically tempered glass. Chemically strengthened glass can include diamond glass. The glass can include used Sentry Glass®. Chemically strengthened glass can include glass doped with one or more ions (e.g., cations). The cations can be alkali metals (e.g., potassium) or alkaline earth metal cations. The glass can include one or more pigments. The glass can allow UV light (e.g., wavelength and / or intensity) to pass therethrough. The glass can reduce (e.g., prevent) UV light (e.g., wavelength and / or intensity) from passing therethrough. The glass can absorb at least a portion of the UV light (e.g., wavelength and / or intensity of the UV light). In some embodiments, the glass can include a surface treatment (e.g., polishing).

[0111] In some embodiments, the display structure may include a binder (e.g., a laminate and / or a binder). In some embodiments, the display structure may include a binder comprising a polymer and / or a resin. The binder may be disposed between the glass pane and the display matrix. The binder may be selected to facilitate formation of the structure (e.g., bonding of the display matrix to the glass pane) while minimizing (e.g., not causing) damage to the display matrix. The binder may be cured by heating and / or UV treatment. The temperature of the heat treatment may minimize damage to the display matrix (e.g., not damaging the display matrix to a measurable and / or significant degree). Not damaging the array to a significant extent may mean not damaging the array to an extent that affects its intended purpose (e.g., performance as a display according to its specifications). The binder may include at least one organic polymer. The at least one organic polymer may include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyacrylamide, or SGP resin (e.g., DuPont's SGP 5000). The adhesive may include an OCA, such as an OCA from 3M (e.g., 3M 8211, 3M 8212, 3M 8213, 3M 8214, 3M 8215, 3M 8171, or 3M 8172). The polymer(s) may allow UV light (e.g., wavelength and / or intensity) to be transmitted therethrough. The polymer may reduce (e.g., prevent) UV light (e.g., wavelength and / or intensity) from passing therethrough. The polymer may absorb at least a portion of the UV light (e.g., wavelength and / or intensity).

[0112] In some embodiments, the display construction comprises a laminated structure. The display construction may include a color-adjustable device (e.g., an electrochromic device). The color-adjustable device may be laminated to the display construction (to form a single display construction unit). For example, the display construction may include a deposited electrochromic layer construction (e.g., deposited on the back of a media display (e.g., the back of an LED)). The display construction may include one or more layers (e.g., deposited layers and / or laminated layers) to protect the media display from radiation (e.g., UV and / or IR radiation). The added layers may constitute a film (e.g., an electrochromic device, a UV protective layer, and / or an IR protective layer). The film may be part of the display construction. The film may facilitate a longer operating life of the display construction. The film may facilitate greater contrast of the displayed media. The display construction (e.g., including an electrochromic film) may be coupled to a color-adjustable (e.g., electrochromic) window. The film may constitute any tunable window capability (e.g., a liquid crystal device, a suspended particle device, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device (such as a microshutter), or any technology configured to control light transmission through a window). The liquid crystal device may include a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer.

[0113] In some embodiments, the display structure can include at least one layer of adhesive. The adhesive can include at least one optically transparent adhesive layer (abbreviated herein as "OCA" layer). For example, the display structure can include two adhesive layers. The adhesive layer can have a thickness of at least about 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm or 1mm. The adhesive layer can have a thickness of any value between the above values ​​(for example, about 0.2mm to about 1mm, about 0.2mm to about 0.6mm or about 0.7 to about 1mm). For example, the adhesive thickness can be selected to minimize weight while fully bonding the structure to form a high tolerance structure that can be cut by a machine (for example, with a high punching machine tolerance). Compared to a display structure without an adhesive, the adhesive can increase the durability and / or optical properties of the display structure. The adhesive can be (for example, substantially and / or completely) transparent (for example, to visible light). The adhesive may be uncolored. The adhesive can contact the (e.g., largest) surface of the display matrix and the (e.g., largest) surface of the pane (e.g., glass pane), thereby bonding the display matrix to the pane. The adhesive can minimally (e.g., not) cause optical and / or visual distortion of the display to the displayed media.

[0114] In some embodiments, the pane(s), adhesive, and display matrix are cured prior to deployment. Curing can be performed using UV light, moisture, and / or heat. The curing method can be selected to maintain the functionality of the display matrix and minimize any optical distortion (e.g., maximize transmittance, reduce haze and / or gas gaps, such as air gaps). The adhesive can increase the durability of the display construction. For example, the adhesive can reduce the fragility of the display construction and / or reduce its flammability. The adhesive can facilitate adjustment of the refractive index of the pane relative to the ambient air (e.g., the viewer's location), for example, to (i) minimize losses due to any Fresnel reflections, (ii) pass all colors of the display construction with minimal distortion, and / or (iii) enhance the image projected by the display construction. Color distortion may occur due to their passage through the adhesive, through the glass pane, and into the ambient air. The display construction (e.g., the adhesive therein) can improve the preservation of the display matrix and / or improve the operating temperature range of the display matrix. The adhesive can prevent one or more gases and / or debris (e.g., dust or sebum) from reaching the display matrix. The display construction (eg, adhesive, glass, and / or any coatings) may prevent physical interference with the display matrix (eg, by contact). The contact may be direct contact by a user.

[0115] In some embodiments, the IGU and / or display construction may include a coating (e.g., an antireflective coating). The coating may improve the optical properties of the glass and / or display construction. The coating may be applied to the glass pane, adhesive layer, display matrix, and / or electrochromic construction. The coating may be deposited in the form of an antireflective, antiglare, anticondensation, antiscratch, antifouling, and / or UV resistant treatment.

[0116] In some embodiments, the display construction may include a seal. The seal may be disposed between two pieces of glass of the display construction, with the display matrix disposed between the two pieces of glass. The seal may comprise a polymer / resin (e.g., any polymer / resin disclosed herein). The seal may comprise a carbon-based (e.g., organic) polymer or a silicon-based polymer. The seal may protect the display construction from light (e.g., UV), moisture, oxygen, physical contact (e.g., physical damage), debris, and / or other environmental elements.

[0117] In certain embodiments, the display structure is durable in the life span of extension. Expected life can be at least about 2y, 5y, 10y, 15y, 25y, 50y, 75y or 100 (y) years. Expected life can be any value between the above values ​​(for example, from about 5 years to about 100 years, from about 2 years to about 25 years, from about 25 years to about 50 years, or from about 50 years to about 100 years). The life span of extension can be at least 20Kh, 30Kh, 50Kh, 100Kh, 500Kh or 1000Kh (thousand hours). The extended life span of the display structure can have any value between the above values ​​(for example, from about 20Kh to about 1000Kh, from about 20Kh to about 100Kh, or from about 100Kh to about 1000Kh). The number of hours can refer to the number of hours that the display structure is operated for its intended purpose, for example. The lifespan of a display construction may depend on its operating time and / or any environmental conditions (eg, UV light, moisture, and / or temperature at its deployment location).

[0118] In some embodiments, the display structure is fastened to a fixture (e.g., a window frame or wall) that holds the (e.g., tintable) window, for example, via a fastening mechanism (also referred to herein as a "fastener"). The fastener may comprise one or more components. For example, the fastener may comprise a bracket, a hinge, or a covering. The fastener may be permanent or non-permanent. Non-permanent fasteners may be removed by manual labor and / or automatically. For example, the fastener may comprise one or more screws that fasten it to the window frame. The fastener may comprise a hinge and / or a bracket. The hinge may be flexible. The bracket and / or covering (or any portion thereof) may be non-flexible or non-flexible. The fastener (e.g., including the hinge and / or bracket) may be opaque. The fastener (e.g., any component thereof) may comprise a base metal, a metal alloy, an allotrope of elemental carbon, a polymer, or a composite material. At least two components of the fastener may be made of (e.g., substantially) the same type of material. At least two components of the fastener may be made of different types of materials. The base metal may comprise aluminum. The metal alloy may comprise steel. The fasteners may comprise a non-corrosive material. At least a portion of the fasteners (e.g., the bracket and / or the cover) may be configured to bear the weight of the display construction, e.g., without (e.g., significantly) deformation over its expected life (e.g., as disclosed herein). The display construction may weigh at least about 5 kg, 10 kg, 15 kg, 20 kg, 25 kg, 30 kg, 35 kg, 40 kg, or 50 kilograms (kg). The weight of the display construction may be any weight between the above weights (e.g., from 5 kg to 50 kg, from 5 kg to 25 kg, or from 25 kg to 50 kg). Figure 3An example of a vertical cross-section of an assembly 300 (partial view shown) is shown wherein a display matrix 311 is disposed between a first pane 312 and a second pane 313 as part of a display construction, and an L-shaped bracket 302 is disposed between the two glass panes 312 and 313 and coupled to the display construction, the L-shaped bracket being coupled to a hinge 303.

[0119] The fasteners can be configured to facilitate installation and / or removal of a display structure from a supporting structure (e.g., a window frame and / or a wall). Removal can be for repair, replacement, and / or upgrading of the display structure and / or any portion of the structure (or any associated device). For example, the fasteners can allow (e.g., easy) removal and / or insertion of a display structure. For example, the fasteners can allow (e.g., easy) removal and / or insertion of a frame portion to which the fasteners are attached. For example, the fasteners can allow (e.g., easy) removal and / or insertion of a tinted window supported by a frame to which the fasteners are attached. Easy can refer to low labor costs, low labor levels (e.g., low labor qualifications), and / or short labor times. The fasteners can be configured to slide and / or lock for installation onto a supporting structure (e.g., a fixture).

[0120] In some embodiments, a connecting material is disposed between the display structure and the fastener (e.g., and the bracket and / or cover). The connecting material may comprise a polymer (e.g., as disclosed herein). The connecting material may comprise a sealing gasket. The connecting material may be curable (e.g., by heat, moisture, and / or UV). The connecting material may have a low electrical resistance. The connecting material may comprise at least one polymer and / or at least one resin. The connecting material may have a low electrical resistance, making it suitable for use as a packaging material in the electronics industry (e.g., for smartphones, packaging, LCDs, and personal computers). The connecting material may comprise polyethylene terephthalate (PET), very high adhesion (VHB) material (e.g., 3M VHB4926), or SR, or SRS-40P. The connecting material may comprise an acrylic material. The connecting material may maintain its properties and shape at ambient temperature. The tensile strength of the connecting material may be at least approximately 0.60 MPa, 0.63 MPa, 0.66 MPa, 0.68 MPa, or 0.70 MPa. The shear strength of the connecting material can be at least about 0.54MPa, 0.60MPa, 0.620MPa, 0.64MPa or 0.68MPa. The shear strength can be less than the tensile strength. The shear strength and / or tensile strength can make it easy to maintain the display structure by the fastener (or any part of the fastener to which the display structure is connected by the connecting material (e.g., adhesive)), for example, for the expected life and / or service life of the display structure. The connecting material can be hard and / or flexible. The connecting material can be an adhesive. The connecting material can be softer before it cures and harder after it cures. For example, under constant and / or changing conditions (e.g., according to its intended purpose), the connecting material can be selected to at least carry the load (e.g., weight) of the display structure. The bracket can include a straight portion, a curved portion and / or a corner. The bracket can have no corners. The bracket can be straight or curved. The bracket can include two straight portions (e.g., two arms), and the two straight portions form an angle (e.g., about). The angle can be a right angle or an obtuse angle. The bracket may be L-shaped. The bracket and / or arms of the cover may be positioned between the two panes, contacting the display matrix, and / or contacting the adhesive.

[0121] In some embodiments, the wires are hidden from the user's view by the fastener (e.g., or any component thereof). For example, the bracket and / or cover can, for example, hide one or more (e.g., electrical) wires connected to the display matrix from the user. The wires can be connected to the bracket and / or cover. The bracket and / or cover can include a recessed portion configured to accommodate the wire(s). In some embodiments, the cover and the bracket are the same component (e.g., 531). The recessed portion can be hidden from the user's view (e.g., can be located in the rear portion of the bracket and / or cover). The wire(s) can be connected to the display matrix (e.g., a light array or LCD). The wire(s) can be connected to a controller. The controller can include a timing controller and / or a microcontroller. Connecting material (e.g., a connector) can be provided along the width of the display structure (e.g., along the fastener structure 104). The connecting material can be provided along at least approximately 50%, 80%, or 90% of the width of the display structure. The fastener can include a curved portion. The fastener can include a non-curved portion.

[0122] In some embodiments, the fastener comprises a hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge comprises two leaves connected by a joint, the joint forming an axis around which the leaves are configured to move. The first leaf of the hinge can be operably coupled (e.g., connected) to a bracket and / or covering. The second leaf of the hinge can be operably coupled (e.g., connected) to a fixture. The fixture can be a wall or a window frame. The hinge can facilitate the movement of the display structure around the hinge axis. The joint can facilitate the hinge to open into an acute angle, a right angle, an obtuse angle, a straight angle (e.g., 180 degrees) or a full rotation (e.g., ~360 degrees). Fastening the hinge to the fixture and the display structure (e.g., via the bracket and / or covering) facilitates the movement of the display structure around the axis of the hinge joint. Such movement can facilitate the maintenance of the display structure without interfering with the window (e.g., IGU) and / or the fixture. Maintenance can include, for example, cleaning, repairing and / or replacing the display structure and any part or component thereof.

[0123] In some embodiments, the fastener may include multiple components. The multiple components may include a bracket, a cover, a hinge, and / or a plate. The display structure may be coupled (e.g., connected) to the bracket and / or cover. The bracket and / or cover may be coupled to one leaf of the hinge. The other leaf of the hinge may be indirectly coupled to the fixture by directly coupling the leaf of the other hinge to a plate directly connected to the fixture. The plate may include any fastener material disclosed herein (e.g., a base metal and / or metal alloy). The fastener may include multiple components of the same type. For example, the fastener may include multiple hinges, multiple brackets, multiple covers, and / or multiple plates. The multiple fastener components may be at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, or 10 components (e.g., of the same type or different types). The hinge may include a set of hinge components (e.g., a knuckle and a pivot). The fastener may include multiple hinge component sets. The hinge component sets may be aligned to have a single hinge axis. The fastener may be formed by two leaves that rotate around the axis of the hinge set. At least one (e.g., each) blade may comprise a single flat plate incorporating halves of a plurality of hinge components (e.g., knuckles) such that when the two blades are joined together, a plurality of functional hinge component sets (e.g., Figure 37 In some embodiments, two leaves with corresponding hinge components form a plurality of operable hinge components, wherein each of the two leaves is formed from a single sheet of material, forming a stronger and / or more durable fastener than coupling the display structure to multiple separate fasteners, each of which has a single hinge set. In some embodiments, two leaves with corresponding hinge components form a plurality of operable hinge components, wherein each of the two leaves is formed from a single flat sheet of material, forming a fastener that is easier to install, maintain, and / or replace than coupling the display structure to multiple separate fasteners, each of which has a single hinge set. In some embodiments, two leaves with corresponding hinge components form a plurality of operable hinge components, wherein each of the two leaves is formed from a single flat sheet of material, which facilitates more precise alignment of the display structure than coupling the display structure to multiple separate fasteners, each of which has a single hinge set. Such a single fastener provides additional advantages, such as including a heat exchanger (e.g., a fan), directing heat exchange (e.g., within the fastener and / or along the display structure), and / or coupling one or more circuit boards to the fastener.

[0124] In some embodiments, at least one leaf of the hinge includes one or more holes. At least one of the one or more holes is configured to allow a screw to pass through and connect the hinge (e.g., reversibly) to a fixture (e.g., a window frame) and / or a bracket. The connection of the fastener (or any component thereof) to the display structure and / or the fixture (e.g., window frame) can be (I) irreversible (e.g., using a connecting material) or (II) reversible (e.g., using one or more screws). The fixture and / or plate can use both irreversible and reversible connections between itself and the display structure. For example, the hinge can be reversibly connected to the window frame and irreversibly connected to the bracket. For example, the hinge can be reversibly connected to the bracket and irreversibly connected to the window frame. For example, the hinge can be reversibly connected to the window frame and reversibly connected to the bracket, which will be irreversibly connected (e.g., glued) to the display structure. For example, the hinge can be reversibly connected to a wall and reversibly connected to a covering, which will be irreversibly connected (e.g., glued) to the display structure. For example, the hinge can be reversibly connected to the plate and reversibly connected to the cover, which will be irreversibly connected (e.g., glued) to the display structure. The plate can be reversibly (e.g., via one or more screws) or irreversibly (e.g., via an adhesive (e.g., glue)) coupled to the fixture. Figure 4 A schematic example of a hinge 400 is shown having a first leaf 401 having a plurality of holes (e.g., 411) that allow a screw to move in one direction, and a second leaf 402 having a plurality of holes that allow the screw to move in a second direction, the first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction. Figure 4 The hinge shown in has a joint 420 that facilitates rotation of the first blade relative to the second blade. In some embodiments, the first blade has (one or more) holes with a long axis in a first direction, and the second blade has (one or more) holes with a long axis in a second direction, and the first direction forms a non-zero angle with the second direction (for example, the first direction can be perpendicular to the second direction). When the hinge is closed and the two blades are positioned one above the other, the relative directions of the long axes can be measured. In some embodiments, the bracket can be an extension of the blades of the hinge. In some embodiments, the bracket can be connected (for example, fastened) to the blades of the hinge, for example, reversibly (for example, via (one or more) screws) or irreversibly (for example, via an adhesive). In some embodiments, the covering can be an extension of the blades of the hinge. In some embodiments, the covering can be connected (for example, fastened) to the blades of the hinge, for example, reversibly (for example, via (one or more) screws) or irreversibly (for example, via an adhesive).

[0125] In some embodiments, the circuit is communicatively coupled to the display structure. The circuit can (i) enhance the signal transmitted to the display matrix, and / or (ii) transmit power from a power supply to the display matrix. In some embodiments, the circuit can include touch screen circuitry. In some embodiments, the touch screen circuitry can be separated (e.g., and be disposed in a touch screen sensor cover). In some embodiments, the circuitry can connect (one or more) touch screen sensors to a power supply. In some embodiments, the touch screen circuitry can have a separate connector to a power supply.

[0126] Figure 5 An example of an assembly 520 is shown in which a display construction 500 (partial view shown) is attached to a fastener comprising an L-shaped bracket as a first cover portion 501, a thermal pad 505, a flexible electrical connector such as 506 (MXC) connector, a circuit 502 (e.g., a booster board), a flexible insulator 503, and a second cover portion 504; and 510 shows a schematic bottom view of a circuit board with screws and attachments attached to the cover. Assembly 520 is shown from a different angle in 530, indicating a display construction 536, a flexible wiring (e.g., MXC) 535, a first portion of a cover 531 (partial view shown) as a bracket, a washer (e.g., flexible insulator) 533 (partial view shown), circuit 532 (partial view shown), and a second portion of a cover 534 (partial view shown). The flexible insulator can be a foam washer (e.g., poron). The flexible insulator can have a compression of at least 25%. One or more thermal pads can be provided on the bracket. Reference Figure 5 , in one embodiment, an L-shaped bracket 501 can be seen extending across the linear dimension of the transparent display (and secured to the cover glass 500), which is the first cover. In one embodiment, the bracket 501 can be up to about 10 feet long. Circuitry (e.g., a signal booster) can be connected to the display matrix via one or more flexible wiring (e.g., MXC). Sometimes, multiple circuit boards (e.g., at least 2, 3, or 4 circuit boards) can be disposed in a fastener (e.g., between the first cover and the second cover). Figure 5 An example of two circuit boards 502 and 507 is shown. One or more (e.g., flexible) connectors can connect the circuit boards to the flexible display matrix. The number of flexible connectors (e.g., MXC) can be at least 2, 5, 6, 8, or 10. Figure 5Examples of flexible connectors 516, 535, and 506 are shown. One or more (micro)cable harnesses and / or (e.g., micro)coaxial cables can couple (i) a circuit (e.g., a booster) disposed in a fastener with (ii) a controller (e.g., a timing controller). One or more (micro)cable harnesses and / or (e.g., micro)coaxial cables can be connected to a circuit board (e.g., a booster board) via a connector. The number of electrical connectors (e.g., connector 630 (partial view shown), such as an IPLEX connector) between the circuit board and the controller can be at least 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. Figure 5 An example of a cable 513 connecting a board (e.g., a driver board) and a controller (e.g., a timing controller) is shown. One or more thin wire harnesses can connect the controller (e.g., T-CON) to the booster board, which is connected to a flexible connector (e.g., MXC cable) of a display matrix (e.g., TOLED). The placer can be configured to secure, contain, and / or hide the cables and / or wiring from view by viewers of the display configuration.

[0127] The circuit (e.g., and any connected cables thereof) can be at least partially shielded from the user's view by a fastener (or any component thereof, e.g., by a hinge and / or by a plate). The circuit (e.g., and any connected cables thereof) can be at least partially protected from contact by the user. The bracket, cover, plate, and / or hinge can have an openable portion. The openable portion can rotate about an axis (e.g., the openable portion can rotate about an auxiliary hinge to facilitate its rotation). The fastener can have one or more component types (e.g., one or more brackets, one or more covers, one or more plates, one or more main hinges, and / or one or more auxiliary hinges). One or more components of the fastener can span the FLS of the display structure and / or viewing window, or a portion thereof. The openable and / or removable portion can facilitate, for example, servicing the circuit (e.g., and any connected cables thereof) without having to remove the fastener from the support structure and / or display structure to which it is connected. The use of an opening (coupled with an auxiliary hinge or without any auxiliary hinge) can facilitate (e.g., reversible) removal of connecting cables between (i) the E-box and / or power supply box and (ii) circuits attached to the display structure (e.g., display structure and / or touch screen related circuits). Such (e.g., reversible) cable attachment and detachment can allow the E-box and / or power supply to be replaced and / or repaired without having to remove fasteners from the support structure and / or display structure. Such (e.g., reversible) cable attachment and detachment can allow the display structure and / or fasteners to be replaced and / or repaired without having to remove the E-box and / or power supply unit. Such (e.g., reversible) cable attachment and detachment can allow separation (e.g., disconnection) between (i) the display structure-fastener assembly and (ii) the E-box and / or power supply unit. The display structure-fastener assembly can optionally include touch screen auxiliary devices (e.g., sensor and transmitter panels). For example, an openable and / or removable portion (e.g., an auxiliary hinge) can facilitate servicing of the booster plate or any cables and / or connectors connected thereto. Servicing may include removal, repair, replacement, and / or cleaning. For example, the plate can have an auxiliary opening that facilitates exposing at least a portion of the controller and / or wiring. Figure 10An example of an auxiliary opening including portions 1017 and 1021 as part of a fastening system is shown. A cushion can be provided between the openable and / or removable portion and the circuit (e.g., and any connected cables). The cushion can protect the circuit (e.g., and any connected cables) and / or prevent movement. Protection can be provided from light, temperature (e.g., heat or cold), contact, moisture, and / or oxygen. The cushion can comprise a polymer foam (e.g., polyurethane). The cushion can comprise a foam gasket. This cushion can help maintain (e.g., a reasonable) bend radius on the wire(s). The wiring can comprise (e.g., one or more) micro-flexible complete (MXC) cables, for example, to connect the circuit to a controller (e.g., a timing controller) and / or a power source. The wiring can be coupled to the circuit via one or more connectors (e.g., IPEX or micro connectors). The micro connector can connect the circuit (e.g., disposed in a fastener) to the display matrix. The circuit can include a booster board. The micro connector can comprise, for example, multiple wires incorporated into a sheath. The wiring can comprise (e.g., one or more) coaxial cables.

[0128] In some embodiments, the fastener may include a recess forming an opening. The recess may be an auxiliary opening. The recess may be centered about the middle length of the fastener. The recess may be covered or uncovered. The covering of the recess may be reversible or irreversible. For example, the covering may be an auxiliary hinge leaf. The covering may be bolted to the fastener using (one or more) screws and / or clamps. The fastener may include two hinge leaves that are coupled to a knuckle and a pivot mechanism to form a hinge. When the fastener is in its closed hinge position, the recess may be covered. When the (one or more) (primary) fastener hinges are in their closed position, the recess may be (reversibly) covered. When the (one or more) (primary) fastener hinges are in their open position, the recess may be (reversibly) opened. Figure 10 A cover 17017 is shown covering the opening in the fastener 1021. The width of the recess (e.g., see Figure 41 , dotted arrow W total ) may extend to up to about 95%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40% or 30% of the hinge leaf width (see, e.g., Figure 41 , dotted arrow W total ). The recess may be from the edge of the hinge leaf towards the interior thereof. The recess may be an opening in the hinge leaf (e.g., a window in the hinge leaf), for example, having the above-referenced extension as its width. The length of the opening (e.g., the recess, for example, see Figure 41 , dotted arrow L opening ) may extend to a maximum of about 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or 10% of the total length of the hinge leaf (see, e.g., Figure 41 , dotted arrow L total The recess may extend to a width and / or length that may facilitate connection and / or disconnection of any connectors that couple the circuit board to the display construction and / or touchscreen-related devices (e.g., sensor and transmitter panels). The opening (e.g., recess) may or may not be centered along the length and / or width of the fastener (or any of its hinge blades).

[0129] In some embodiments, the controller may include a timing controller (abbreviated herein as "T-CON"). The timing controller may control the timing of the operations of various components of the display matrix (e.g., when LEDs are illuminated in the display matrix). The timing controller may convert between video signals and the row and column driver signals required by the display matrix. The media signals may be transmitted to the T-CON board via a communication interface such as low voltage differential signaling (LVDS), embedded display port (eDP), mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), display serial interface (DSI), or VX1. The circuit (e.g., the chip and / or controller therein) may include a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate converter. The timing controller may refresh the charge to minimize the attenuation of the optical response of the LCD chemical(s) in response to the charge, for example, to maintain signal uniformity, avoid attenuation, and / or maintain a sufficient update rate. The controller (e.g., T-CON) may be located at a distance from the display construction components, including the display construction and fastening system (e.g., fasteners).

[0130] In some embodiments, the display structure is operably connected (e.g., via a wiring connection) to a power source. The circuit is operably connected (e.g., via a wiring connection) to the power source. The connection can be direct or indirect. The indirect connection can be through a circuit (e.g., a booster). The power source can be an auxiliary power source. The power source can be connected to a municipal power source (e.g., a power plant) and / or a building power source (e.g., a generator, (one or more) solar cells and / or a wind turbine). The power source can be renewable and / or non-renewable. The power source can be connected to a BMS. The power source can be connected to a network infrastructure (e.g., as disclosed herein). The power source can supply approximately 240V or 120V (e.g., household current) AC power. The auxiliary power source can include a converter to reduce the voltage (e.g., to a maximum of approximately 24V, 48V, or 54 volts (V)). Figure 6 An example of a perspective view of an assembly 600 is shown, including a display construction and circuitry coupled to a fastener, wherein a fastener 602 (shown in partial view) is coupled to a display construction 601 (shown in partial view), which is coupled to circuitry (not shown) disposed in the fastener via wiring 603 (shown in partial view) secured by a hook, such as hook 604. The hook may be a tie-wrap mount. Figure 6 A perspective view of hinge leaf 634 is shown with wiring 633 connected to it, the wiring being connected to circuit 632, the hinge leaf being connected to hinge leaf portion 635 (shown in partial view) and hinge leaf portion 636, which is connected to a fixture (not shown) via screws 637. Hinge leaf portions 635 and 636 are part of the same hinge leaf. Figure 6 An example side view of an assembly 620 is shown that includes a fastener 662 coupled with a screw, such as 661, to a fixture (not shown) having a hanging wire 667 extending from its body and fastened to a hook 666. The wire 667 is connected to (i) circuitry (not shown) disposed in the fastener body 662 and (ii) a display configuration (partial view shown) including a display matrix 664 disposed between thicker glass 665 and thinner glass 663. Figure 6 An example side view of an assembly 612 (similar to 620 ) disposed in a vertical cross-section of a window frame 610 is shown. Figure 6 An example of wires 630 that can be used in a display construction assembly is shown. The fastener may include a driver and / or booster board. The circuitry may facilitate data (e.g., network communications) and / or power transmission.

[0131] The auxiliary power supply can supply a direct current (DC) voltage. The auxiliary power supply can be located adjacent to the display structure and / or the IGU. The auxiliary power supply can be located in a window frame, in a wall, in a floor, or in a ceiling. The controller of the display structure can be located separately from its power supply. The shortest distance from (i) the display structure, booster board, driver board, and / or timing controller (e.g., T-CON) to (ii) the power supply can be at least about 0.25 m, 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m, 4.5 m, 5 m, 5.5 m, 6 m, 6.5 m, 7 m, 8 m, 10 m, or 20 meters (m). The shortest distance from (i) the display structure, booster board, driver board and / or timing controller to (ii) the power supply can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from about 0.25m to about 20m, from about 0.25m to about 5m, from about 5m to about 7m, or from about 7m to about 20m). For example, the shortest distance from (i) the driver and / or booster board to (ii) the power supply and / or T-CON can be at least about 1.5m, 2m, 2.5m, 3m, 3.5m, 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 8m, or 10m. The shortest distance from (i) the driver and / or booster board to (ii) the power supply and / or T-CON can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from about 1.5m to about 10m, from about 1.5m to about 5m, or from about 5m to about 10m). The shortest distance from (i) the display structure and / or booster board to (ii) the power supply and / or T-CON can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from about 5' to about 30', from about 10' to about 25', or from about 15' to about 20'). For example, the shortest distance from (i) the driver board and / or display structure to (ii) the power supply and / or T-CON can be at least about 5', 10', 15', 20', 25', 25', 30', 50', 100', 200', or 300' (feet). The shortest distance from (i) the display structure and / or booster board to (ii) the power supply and / or timing controller can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from about 5' to about 300', from about 10' to about 25', from about 15' to about 20', from about 20' feet to about 50' feet, from about 50' feet to about 200' feet, or from about 100' feet to about 300' feet).

[0132] In some embodiments, a local controller can control a viewing (e.g., tintable) window (e.g., as part of an IGU) and / or a display configuration. The local controller can be part of a control network. The control network can be a hierarchical control network (e.g., as disclosed herein). The hierarchy of controllers in the control network can be static or dynamic. The local controller can be located adjacent to the display configuration and / or the IGU. The local controller can be located in a window frame, in a wall, in a floor, or in a ceiling. In some embodiments, one local controller controls the viewing (e.g., tintable) window and the display configuration (e.g., the media displayed by the display configuration). In some embodiments, separate controllers control the viewing (e.g., tintable) window and the display configuration (e.g., the media displayed by the display configuration). Communication between the local controller and other components of the network interface can be wired and / or wireless. Wired communications can include coaxial cables, twisted pair cables, NM cables, underground feeder (UF) cables, thermoplastic high heat resistant nylon coated (THHN) cables, thermoplastic heat and water resistant nylon coated (THWN) cables, standard telephone cables, or Category 3 (Cat3) cables and / or Category 5 (Cat5) cables. A control system (e.g., a local controller) can be communicatively coupled to the display configuration via wired and / or wireless communications (e.g., via a timing controller (T-CON)). For example, the display configuration can be connected to the local controller via one or more wires and / or wirelessly. For example, the T-CON can be connected to the local controller via one or more wires. The shortest distance from (i) the display structure and / or T-CON to (ii) the local controller can be at least about 0.25m, 0.5m, 1m, 1.5m, 2m, 2.5m, 3m, 3.5m, 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 8m, 10 meters (m). The shortest distance from (i) the display structure and / or T-CON to (ii) the local controller can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from about 0.25m to about 10m, from about 0.25m to about 5m, from about 5m to about 7m, or from about 7m to about 10m). The distance can correspond to a minimum measure of wiring length (e.g., when the display structure is at least partially communicatively coupled to the local controller via wiring). The shortest distance between (I) the display structure and the local controller, and the shortest distance between (II) the local controller and the power supply can be (e.g., substantially) equal. The shortest distance between (I) the display structure and the local controller, and (II) the shortest distance between the local controller and the power supply may not be (e.g., substantially) equal. The shortest distance between (I) the timing controller and the local controller, and (II) the shortest distance between the local controller and the power supply may be (e.g., substantially) equal. For example, the shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller (I) may be smaller than the shortest distance between the local controller and the power supply (II).For example, the shortest distance (I) between the timing controller and the local controller may be longer than the shortest distance (II) between the local controller and the power supply. (I) The shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller, and (II) The shortest distance between the local controller and the power supply may not be (e.g., substantially) equal. For example, the shortest distance (I) between the timing controller and the local controller may be smaller than the shortest distance (II) between the local controller and the power supply. For example, the shortest distance (I) between the timing controller and the local controller may be greater than the shortest distance (II) between the local controller and the power supply.

[0133] Figure 7 An example of a vertical cross-section of a display construction segment coupled to circuitry and fasteners is shown, including: an L-shaped bracket 701 shown in cross-section, circuitry 702 (e.g., a booster plate), cable(s) 703, foam gasket 704, screws 705, strap 706, a first glass pane 707, adhesive (e.g., OCA) 708, a display matrix 709, a second glass pane 710, a cover 714, a bumper 712, adhesive 713, and a viewing window 711 (partial view shown). The display construction may include a flexible bumper (e.g., a polymer or resin) that separates it from the window (e.g., 711). The bumper may prevent glass-to-glass contact between the display construction and the window (e.g., a tintable window) that could cause damage to the display construction and / or window (e.g., preventing cracking and / or breakage). The bumper may increase safety during, for example, rotation of the display construction about a hinge axis. In a cross-section of one embodiment, the L-shaped bracket is defined by one or more right angles, although the angles may not be 90 degrees. In the depicted embodiment, the L-shaped bracket is secured to the cover glass (e.g., 707) via an adhesive element. In an embodiment, the adhesive element is an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive tape comprises a VHB type tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive element is a liquid or gel adhesive that bonds the L-shaped bracket to the cover glass. The cover glass (e.g., 707) can be plastic, glass, or other transparent material. In one example, the thickness of the cover glass can be approximately 4 mm, but it can be thicker or thinner than 4 mm. The cover glass can be part of a display construction (e.g., a transparent display), and / or elements of the display construction (e.g., a transparent display) can be laminated to the cover glass. In Figure 7In the example shown in FIG, a second cover glass 710 is laminated to a transparent display element 709, that is, a transparent display element 709 (e.g., an OLED) is sandwiched between cover glass 707 and second cover glass 710. The resulting laminated structure can be against a viewing window (e.g., 711), or parallel to but spaced apart from the viewing window. The laminated structure comprising the first glass face pane 707, the display matrix 709, and the second glass face pane 710 (e.g., the second glass cover) can be considered a transparent display assembly (also referred to herein as a "display construction").

[0134] In one embodiment, the adhesive element has sufficient strength to support the weight of the transparent display assembly. As depicted, one face of the L-shaped bracket (e.g., 701) serves as the surface of the adhesive element, and at least this surface area is attached to the transparent display assembly via the cover glass (e.g., 707).

[0135] like Figure 7 , a cover 714 is attached to an L-shaped bracket 701. In this example, the L-shaped bracket 701 includes an overhanging portion on a vertical leg. Together with the cover 714, a chamber is formed in which the circuit 702 for the display matrix is ​​housed. The circuit 702 can be in the form of a circuit board (e.g., a driver and / or booster board). In one embodiment, the cover seals the electronics from the environment via one or more gaskets. In one embodiment, the L-shaped bracket 701 is configured to provide a movable and / or physical connection between the frame of the window and the display structure (e.g., see Figure 1A In one embodiment, the circuit 702 is coupled to the display matrix via one or more conductors (e.g., ribbon cables, flexible circuits, and / or other wired connections 175). In some embodiments, the wired connections 175 (see Figure 2 b) can be a micro-coaxial cable (see for example Figure 8 802 in ). In an embodiment, the wired connection 802 may terminate at an L-shaped bracket having a multi-pin connector (see Figure 8 , 803).

[0136] In some embodiments, the display structure includes a touch screen. The display structure may include one or more optical sensors at its edge to facilitate the functionality of the touch screen by the user(s). The touch screen can receive contact (e.g., touch) input from the user(s) and deliver an output response. The response can be functional and can include visual, data, or sound changes. The touch screen can utilize a display matrix. The display structure can be operably connected to an information processing system (e.g., including one or more processors and / or network interfaces). The user(s) can access the information processing system through simple (e.g., single touch) or multi-touch gestures by touching a pane of the display structure facing the user(s). Touching can be performed using a specialized device (e.g., a stylus or electronic pen) or one or any part of their body (e.g., multiple fingers). Specialized devices can be adapted for the display structure. The touch screen can be a resistive touch screen, a surface acoustic wave touch screen (e.g., using ultrasound), a capacitive touch screen, an infrared grid touch screen (e.g., using photodetectors), optical imaging (e.g., using a CMOS sensor), infrared acrylic projection (e.g., including infrared LEDs), a dispersed signal touch screen, or an acoustic pulse recognition touch screen. Display structures have been enhanced in response to the demands of touch screen technology. For example, when a touch screen requires sensors (eg, CMOS) and / or projectors (eg, LEDs), they are added to the display construction, such as by placing them within a frame surrounding at least a portion of the display construction.

[0137] In some embodiments, the display structure can act as a touch screen. The frame can include one or more sensors, which are arranged on or in the frame. The frame can include circuitry, one or more connectors (e.g., to a power source and / or network system), and any optical components (e.g., reflectors, mirrors, prisms, beam splitters, and / or lenses). The sensor can be configured to detect the presence and position of a user's finger, stylus, marker, smart pen, and / or other marking and / or indicating device within an area defined by the frame shape (e.g., an area spanned by the surface of the transparent display assembly). The sensor can be arranged along the length of one or more frame portions and / or within the length of one or more frame portions (e.g., within a channel defined by one or more frame portions). One or more frame portions can include sensors, circuitry, and / or connectors. One or more frame portions can include at least 1, 2, 3, or 4 frame portions (e.g., 1012, 1019, and 1020). The frame portion can be a frame. The frame portion can include a groove. The frame portion can be configured to hold the display structure. The width of the frame portion groove can be configured to accommodate the width of the display structure. In some embodiments, all edges (e.g., sides) of the display structure may include a touch screen frame. Circuitry may process signals from the sensor and output a signal indicating the position of a marker or indicator within the area defined by the frame. The frame may include connections to other circuitry, including circuitry disposed on or coupled to the transparent display assembly (e.g., circuitry on an L-shaped bracket). The circuitry may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: a processor, memory, a display, analog and / or digital circuitry.

[0138] The frame can provide interactive display functionality (e.g., whiteboard functionality) for the transparent display assembly. The fixed or mobile position of a user's finger or pointing device relative to the transparent display can be sensed by the frame's sensors within the area defined by the frame, and a signal indicating the position can be generated by the frame's circuitry. The signal representing the position within the area defined by the frame can include a signal compatible with the display technology of the display. In some embodiments, the signal representing the position within the area defined by the frame includes, but is not limited to, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) and / or High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) signal. The signal indicating the fixed or mobile position of the user's finger or pointing device within the frame area can be processed by software and / or circuitry associated with the frame and / or the transparent frame assembly. The processed signal can be displayed on the transparent display assembly, for example, in the form of a representation of the fixed or mobile position (e.g., writing, printing, shape). Software associated with the frame and / or transparent display can be configured to provide other functionality, including, but not limited to, (i) displaying the sensed position of a user's finger or other pointing device on another display or device, (ii) enabling interaction with the transparent display and frame by one or more users, (iii) outputting display content, (iv) inputting display content, (v) erasing display content, and / or (vi) selecting a display color. In one embodiment, the frame can include one or more commercially available touch screens (e.g., from FlatFrogUSA, 333 West San Carlos Street, San Jose, CA 95110).

[0139] Figure 10 An example of a display structure 1010, components of a fastener including blades 1021, primary hinges 1018 and 1015 that allow the display structure to rotate about its axis, and a secondary hinge (including portion 1017) that facilitates exposure of a portion of circuitry 1016 (e.g., a booster board and / or a driver board) is shown. Blade 1021 has an opening that facilitates access to circuitry 1016 through the opening covered by hinge blade 1017. Display structure 1010 is framed by a touch screen sensor array 1013 and protective covers 1012 and 1019 that cover the sensor array within a protective frame. Display structure 1050 shows the touch screen sensor array covered and assembled 1052 with display structure 1050, along with fasteners 1056 assembled. In some examples, the secondary hinge (e.g., 1017) is absent (e.g., as in example 3504). In some embodiments, the fastener (including the main hinge) has an opening through which at least a portion of the circuit (e.g., PCB) can be viewed and / or accessed. For example, at least some connectors in the circuit can be viewed and / or accessed through the opening. For example, through the opening (e.g., see Figure 35Openings 3504 that allow viewing of connectors 3509 attached to circuitry 3530 (e.g., including a booster board and / or driver board) may allow viewing and / or access to at least some of the connectors between the circuitry and the display configuration.

[0140] In one embodiment, the fastener includes one or more portions (e.g., a hinge) configured to provide a physical connection of the transparent display to the window. In one embodiment, one or more portions of the fastener are configured to provide movement between the transparent display and the window sheet (e.g., using a hinge of the fastener).

[0141] refer to Figure 4 In one embodiment, the L-shaped bracket includes one or more hinges, such as hinge 400. In one embodiment, the hinge includes a plurality of elongated holes or slots. In one embodiment, the extension axis of at least one of the plurality of holes is orthogonal to the extension axis of at least another of the plurality of holes. This allows for a method of mounting the transparent display assembly to a window frame. For example, one or more hinges (e.g., 400) are mounted to the window frame via holes that provide a distance that the transparent display assembly will be away from the window (e.g., 711). Prior to its installation, the L-shaped bracket (e.g., 701) pre-mounted to the transparent display assembly can be secured to the other leg of the one or more hinges (e.g., 400), which provides for centering the L-shaped bracket / transparent display element within the viewing area of ​​the window between the frame elements via a plurality of other holes that are orthogonal to the holes on the other leg of the hinge.

[0142] refer to Figure 7 , in one embodiment, one or more hinges have a joint 750 that connects a first hinge leaf 752 and a second hinge leaf 753, shown in a closed position 791. The open position is shown in 720, where the dashed arrow 790 indicating the relative movement of the first hinge leaf may be referred to herein as the "first leg" and the second hinge leaf may be referred to herein as the "second leg". The first leg can be coupled to a bracket or include a bracket. The fastener containing the hinge leaves 752 and 753 is coupled to a display structure 754 (partial view shown) and to a window 751 (partial view shown). The second leg can be coupled to a window frame 755. In one embodiment, the one or more hinges are configured to enable the transparent display assembly to move away from or toward the viewing window. In one embodiment, the movement is rotational about a longitudinal axis, i.e., a pivot. In one embodiment, during movement of the transparent display relative to the viewing window, the transparent display assembly does not move relative to the circuitry 757 (e.g., booster board and / or driver board), conductors 758 (such as ribbon cables), and / or other wiring elements used to couple the transparent display to the circuitry. Figure 7An example of a display configuration 784 is shown coupled to a first hinge leaf 782 (partial view shown). The hinge leaf 782 is coupled to a second hinge leaf 783 via a joint 780, which is coupled to a cover 785, which is coupled to a window frame for a window 781 (partial view shown).

[0143] This configuration provides longer life for the electrical connections between the display and the controller (eg, T-CON) because these connections are not subject to movement and friction associated with movement of the transparent display and fastener (eg, bracket) assembly.

[0144] refer to Figure 8 In one embodiment, a seal is provided along at least three edges of a transparent display assembly, such as along the edges of a laminate assembly as described herein. In an embodiment, the seal is in the form of a silicone or other transparent plastic, resin or other polymer cap (or bumper) that fits over the edges of the laminated transparent assembly, sealing the unit. The seal may be formed between a second cover glass (e.g., Figure 7 , 710) and windows (e.g., Figure 7 , 711) to provide a buffer function. Figure 8 An example of a perspective view of a display construction 580 and a seal applied along three sides of the display construction 850 according to arrows 811, 812, and 813, for example, by using an applicator (e.g., a syringe gun) 810, is shown. The display construction 850 is coupled to the fastener 530, and wires 802 couple the display matrix in the display construction to the fastener, with circuitry disposed in the fastener (not shown). The display construction 850 is coupled to the fastener 530. Figure 8 805, adhesive layers 806 and 808, a display matrix 807, and a seal 809. The seal can protrude from the glass panes and / or act as a buffer. The protrusion of the seal can be random or directional. For example, the protrusion can point toward a side of the display construction (e.g., which is designated to contact the window). The protrusion of the seal can be (e.g., substantially) uniform or non-uniform (e.g., toward one side of the display construction).

[0145] Figure 9 An example of a cover 903 (shown in cross-section) that can be used to conceal an L-shaped bracket 904 is shown. Cover 903 can be removably attached to a window frame 905. Power and communications can be delivered to the transparent display assembly via wires 906, which in this example are housed within the window frame 905. The L-shaped bracket can allow for repair or replacement of the transparent display, and / or repair or replacement of any circuitry (e.g., provided in a fastener of which the bracket is a part). Figure 9An example of a transparent display assembly having a display construction is shown, the display construction including a (e.g., glass) pane 907, a display matrix 908, and a (e.g., glass) pane 902, the display construction being coupled to or comprised of a frame 905. The frame can include portions that are coupled to or configured to couple to each other. The frame can include at least three (3) portions. The frame can include a shape that (e.g., approximately) matches at least a portion of the periphery of the display construction (e.g., transparent display assembly). The frame can be coupled to or attached to a side (or edge) of the display construction (e.g., transparent display assembly). In one embodiment, for example, the frame portions are coupled to each other to form the frame shape after the frame portions have been coupled to the display construction (e.g., transparent display assembly). In one embodiment, for example, the frame portions are coupled to each other to form the frame shape before the frame portions are coupled to the display construction (e.g., transparent display assembly). The display construction (e.g., transparent display assembly) can be positioned within an area defined by the frame shape. The frame portion can include a channel (e.g., a U-shaped channel) configured to receive and / or retain the side of the transparent display assembly therein.

[0146] Figure 9 An example of a window frame (e.g., mullion) portion 951 is shown, to which fasteners 953 (the fasteners including hinges / locks 952) are attached. Fasteners 953 are coupled to a display structure 954 (shown in partial view) and an integrated glass unit 961 (IGU) (shown in partial view), which includes: a first pane 955, an enclosed environment 957, a second pane 956, and an electrochromic structure 958 disposed on pane 956. The enclosed environment in the IGU can be an insulating (e.g., hermetically) sealed and / or inert environment. Figure 9 An example of a power supply unit and / or controller (e.g., a timing controller) disposed in frame portion 951 is shown, collectively designated as numeral 959, and wires and / or communication paths 960 extending from the environment outside window frame 951 to display structure 954. Wires and / or communication paths can pass through the window frame to the IGU. Wires and / or communication paths can pass through the controller and / or power supply assembly to the IGU. The pane can be a transparent hard material (e.g., glass or a polymer, such as plastic). Transparency can be at least in wavelengths sensitive to ordinary human viewers.

[0147] The present invention should not be limited by the embodiments, aspects, and advantages disclosed above, as other embodiments, aspects, and advantages are also within its scope, including one or more of the following. In one embodiment, the present invention comprises a structure (e.g., a fastener), wherein the structure (e.g., a fastener) comprises a first portion and a second portion, the first portion and the second portion being configured to move relative to each other. In one embodiment, the structure comprises one or more brackets. In one embodiment, the structure comprises one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the structure comprises one or more electrical connectors. In one embodiment, the electrical connector comprises a micro-coaxial cable. In one embodiment, the electrical connector comprises one or more ribbon cables. In one embodiment, the structure is configured to be mounted to a display structure (e.g., comprising a transparent display). In one embodiment, the transparent display is a T.OLED display. In one embodiment, the display structure (e.g., comprising a transparent display) comprises one or more optically clear glasses, hardened polymers (e.g., plastics), or hardened resins. In one embodiment, the structure comprises one or more electronic circuits configured to communicate with a display matrix (e.g., a transparent display matrix). In one embodiment, the structure is configured to be mounted to a frame. In one embodiment, the frame comprises a window frame. In one embodiment, the structure is configured to be mounted to a FLS (e.g., a length) of a transparent display. In one embodiment, the structure comprises a length, wherein the length is from about 0.1 feet to about 10 feet. In one embodiment, the first portion of the fastener comprises at least one bracket and the second portion of the fastener comprises one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the structure comprises a display matrix and an adhesive element, wherein the display matrix is ​​mounted to the first portion and / or the second portion, for example, via the adhesive element. In one embodiment, the adhesive element comprises an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive tape comprises a VHB tape. In one embodiment, the first portion of the fastener and / or the second portion of the fastener is configured to be mounted to a viewing (e.g., tintable) window. In one embodiment, the first portion of the fastener is configured to be mounted to a display structure, and the second portion is configured to be mounted to a window (wherein the second portion comprises a hinge). In one embodiment, the hinge comprises a plurality of elongated holes, wherein the extension axis of at least one of the plurality of holes is orthogonal to the extension axis of at least another of the plurality of holes.

[0148] In one embodiment, the present invention comprises a frame. The frame may be comprised of a transparent display and fasteners (including brackets) configured to provide movement and a physical connection between the frame and a display structure (e.g., comprising a transparent display). In one embodiment, the frame comprises a window frame. In one embodiment, the bracket comprises an L-shaped bracket, wherein the L-shaped bracket is coupled to the frame and the display structure (e.g., comprising a transparent display). In one embodiment, the bracket is coupled to the transparent display via an adhesive structure. In one embodiment, the adhesive structure comprises an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the bracket comprises one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the hinge is configured to provide movement of the display structure (e.g., comprising a transparent display) relative to a fixture (e.g., a window frame). In one embodiment, the movement comprises rotational movement. In one embodiment, the movement is about a horizontal axis. In one embodiment, the movement is about a vertical axis. In one embodiment, the frame comprises a sheet (e.g., a window pane). In one embodiment, the bracket is configured to move the face of the transparent display close to or against the face of the sheet. In one embodiment, the frame defines an interior area (e.g., the surface of a window in the frame), wherein the transparent display comprises a height and a width, wherein the height and width define an area suitable for the interior area. In one embodiment, the area of ​​the display structure (e.g., including the transparent display) fits (e.g., substantially) within all of the interior area. In one embodiment, the area of ​​the transparent display fits within half or less than half of the interior area. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more conductors, ribbon cables, and / or connectors, and the one or more conductors, ribbon cables, and / or connectors provide electrical connections between the controller and the transparent display.

[0149] In some embodiments, an assembly is formed having a display construction and a fastener. The display construction can be adhered to at least one component of the fastener, such as a bracket. Figure 11 An example of a construction phase of an assembly of a display construction and a fastener is shown. In 1110, a display construction 1112 has an area 1112 designated for adhesive application. In 1120, adhesive is applied to the adhesive designated area according to arrows, such as 1121. In 1130, a fastener 1131 (e.g., an L-shaped bracket) is placed on the adhesive designated area with the applied adhesive placed thereon. Items 1121, 1131, and 1112 illustrate portions of a display construction. The fastener and the display construction can be disposed in the same plane or in different planes. At least a portion of the fastener can be disposed in the same plane or in a different plane relative to the display construction. The display construction can be coupled to the fastener at an angle (e.g., as Figure 12 The display structure and the fasteners may form a plane (e.g., as shown at 1220). Figure 12An example is shown in which display configuration 1211 forms an angle with fastener 1218, and display configuration 1221 forms a plane with fastener 1228. The display configuration may include an illuminating entity (e.g., LED) that radiates more in one direction than in another (e.g., radiates more in the forward direction than in the rearward direction). The image displayed by the display matrix is ​​more clearly visible from one side of the display matrix than from the opposite side. The display configuration may include two display matrices (e.g., LED matrices) of illuminating entities arranged back to back. At least one (e.g., each) of the two display matrices may be arranged so that its more illuminating side faces away from the rear (and toward the viewer) and its less illuminating side faces away from the rear (and away from the viewer). The back-to-back arrangement of the display matrices in the display configuration may facilitate viewing of clear images from both sides of the display configuration. Display configurations with back-to-back display matrices may utilize flat fasteners (e.g., 1228). In some embodiments, two display configurations can be positioned adjacent to each other in a back-to-back configuration, for example, such that at least one (e.g., each) of the display configurations has its brighter side facing away from the back (and toward the viewer) and its less bright side facing toward the back (and away from the viewer). The two back-to-back display configurations can utilize flat fasteners (e.g., 1228) to secure the two display configurations to a structure (e.g., a fixture).

[0150] In some embodiments, the window is disposed within the housing. In some embodiments, the housing comprises an area defined by at least one structure. The at least one structure may comprise at least one wall. The housing may contain and / or enclose one or more sub-housings. The at least one wall may comprise metal (e.g., steel), clay, stone, plastic, glass, plaster (e.g., gypsum), a polymer (e.g., polyurethane, styrene, or vinyl), asbestos, fiberglass, concrete (e.g., reinforced concrete), wood, paper, or ceramic. The at least one wall may comprise wire, brick, block (e.g., cinder block), tile, drywall, or a frame (e.g., steel frame).

[0151] In some embodiments, the housing includes one or more openings. One or more openings may be reversibly closable. One or more openings may be permanently open. The fundamental length dimension of one or more openings may be smaller than the fundamental length dimension of the wall(s) defining the housing. The fundamental length dimension may include the diameter, length, width, or height of a bounding circle. The surface of one or more openings may be smaller than the surface of the wall(s) defining the housing. The opening surface may be a percentage of the total surface of the wall(s). For example, the opening surface may measure approximately 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, or 1% of the wall(s). The wall(s) may include a floor, a ceiling, or a side wall. The closable opening may be closed by at least one window or door. The housing may be at least a portion of a facility. The housing may include at least a portion of a building. The building may be a private building and / or a commercial building. The building may include one or more floors. The building (e.g., its floors) may include at least one of a room, a hall, a foyer, an attic, a basement, a balcony (e.g., an interior or exterior balcony), a stairwell, a corridor, an elevator shaft, a facade, a mezzanine, a loft, a garage, a porch (e.g., an enclosed porch), a terrace (e.g., an enclosed terrace), a cafeteria, and / or a duct. In some embodiments, the housing may be fixed and / or movable (e.g., a train, an airplane, a ship, a vehicle, or a rocket).

[0152] Certain disclosed embodiments provide a network infrastructure within a housing (e.g., a facility such as a building). The network infrastructure can be used for various purposes, such as providing communication and / or power services. The communication services can include high-bandwidth (e.g., wireless and / or wired) communication services. The communication services can be directed to occupants of the facility (e.g., a building) and / or users outside the facility. The network infrastructure can operate in conjunction with, or as a partial replacement for, the infrastructure of one or more cellular operators. The network infrastructure can be provided in a facility that includes electrically switchable windows. Examples of components of the network infrastructure include high-speed backhaul. The network infrastructure can include at least one cable, switch, physical antenna, transceiver, sensor, transmitter, receiver, radio, processor, and / or controller (which may include a processor). The network infrastructure can be operably connected to and / or include a wireless network. The network infrastructure can include wiring. As part of installing the network and / or after the network is installed, one or more sensors can be deployed (e.g., installed) in the environment. The network infrastructure can be configured to facilitate at least third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), or fifth generation (5G) cellular communications. The network can be configured to facilitate media transmission (e.g., presentation, still, or video (e.g., movie) transmission). The network can be configured for simultaneous data and power communication (e.g., over the same cable such as a coaxial cable).

[0153] In some embodiments, the housing includes one or more sensors. The sensors can facilitate controlling the environment of the housing so that residents of the housing can have an environment that is more comfortable, enjoyable, beautiful, healthy, productive (e.g., in terms of resident performance), easier to live in (e.g., for work), or any combination thereof. The sensor(s) can be configured as low- or high-resolution sensors. The sensors can provide an on / off indication of the occurrence and / or presence of specific environmental events (e.g., a single-pixel sensor).

[0154] In various embodiments, a network infrastructure supports a control system for one or more viewing windows, such as electrochromic (e.g., tint-adjustable) windows. The control system can include one or more controllers operably coupled (e.g., directly or indirectly) to the one or more windows. In some embodiments, the electrochromic window is an example of an optically switchable window, a tint-adjustable window, and / or a smart window. The concepts disclosed herein can be applied to other types of switchable optical devices, including, for example, liquid crystal devices or suspended particle devices. For example, the liquid crystal device and / or the suspended particle device can be implemented in place of or in addition to the electrochromic device.

[0155] In some embodiments, for example, when a stimulus is applied, the tinted window exhibits a (e.g., controllable and / or reversible) change in at least one optical property of the window. The stimulus may include an optical stimulus, an electrical stimulus, and / or a magnetic stimulus. For example, the stimulus may include an applied voltage. One or more tinted windows may be used to control lighting and / or glare conditions, for example, by regulating the transmission of solar energy transmitted through them. One or more tinted windows may be used to control the temperature within a building, for example, by regulating the transmission of solar energy transmitted through them. Solar energy control may control the heat load applied to the interior of a facility (e.g., a building). Control may be manual and / or automatic. The control may be used to maintain one or more desired (e.g., environmental) conditions, such as occupant comfort. The control may include reducing energy consumption by heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and / or lighting systems. At least two of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning may be provided by separate systems. At least two of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning may be provided by a single system. The heating, ventilation, and air conditioning may be provided by a single system (abbreviated herein as "HVAC"). In some cases, the tint-adjustable window can be responsive to (e.g., and communicatively coupled to) one or more environmental sensors and / or user controls. The tint-adjustable window can include (e.g., can be) an electrochromic window. The window can be located within a range from the interior to the exterior of a structure (e.g., a facility, such as a building). However, this is not necessarily the case. The tint-adjustable window can operate using a liquid crystal device, a suspended particle device, a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device (such as a microshutter), or any technology configured to control the transmission of light through the window. Windows (e.g., having a MEMS device for tinting) are described in U.S. patent application serial number 14 / 443,353, filed on May 15, 2015, entitled "MULTI-PANE WINDOWS INCLUDING ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES AND ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS DEVICES," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some cases, one or more viewing (e.g., tintable) windows can be located inside a building, e.g., between a conference room and a hallway. In some cases, one or more viewing (e.g., tintable) windows can be used in cars, trains, airplanes, and other vehicles, e.g., in place of passive and / or non-tinting windows.

[0156] In some embodiments, the electrochromic window includes an electrochromic device (referred to herein as an "EC device" (abbreviated herein as ECD), or "EC"). The EC device may include at least one coating, and the at least one coating includes at least one layer. The at least one layer may include an electrochromic material. In some embodiments, for example, when a potential is applied across the EC device, the electrochromic material exhibits a change from one optical state to another optical state. The transition of the electrochromic layer from one optical state to another optical state can be achieved, for example, by reversible, semi-reversible, or irreversible ion insertion into the electrochromic material (e.g., by insertion) and the injection of corresponding charge-balancing electrons. For example, the transition of the electrochromic layer from one optical state to another optical state may be caused by, for example, reversible ion insertion into the electrochromic material (e.g., by insertion) and the injection of corresponding charge-balancing electrons. It may be reversible within the expected lifetime of the ECD. Semi-reversible means a measurable (e.g., significant) degradation of the reversibility of the window's tint over one or more tint cycles. In some cases, some of the ions responsible for the optical transition are irreversibly bound in the electrochromic material (e.g., so that the tint state of the window that causes (changes) the tint irreversibly returns to its original tint state). In various EC devices, at least some (e.g., all) of the irreversibly bound ions can be used to compensate for "blind charges" in the material (e.g., ECD).

[0157] In some implementations, suitable ions include cations. The cations may include lithium ions (Li+) and / or hydrogen ions (H+) (i.e., protons). In some implementations, other ions may be suitable. The cations can be inserted into (e.g., a metal) oxide. A change in the insertion state of the ions (e.g., cations) in the oxide can cause a visible change in the tint (e.g., color) of the oxide. For example, the oxide can change from a colorless state to a colored state. For example, the insertion of lithium ions into tungsten oxide (WO3-y(0 < y ≤ ~0.3)) may cause tungsten oxide to change from a transparent state to a colored (e.g., blue) state. The EC device coatings described herein are located within the visible portion of the electrochromic window such that the tint of the EC device coatings can be used to control the optical state of the electrochromic window.

[0158] Figure 13An example of a schematic cross-section of an electrochromic configuration 1300 is shown, according to some embodiments. An EC device coating is attached to a substrate 1302, a transparent conductive layer (TCL) 1304, an electrochromic layer (EC) 1306 (sometimes also referred to as a cathode tinting layer or cathode tinting layer), an ion-conducting layer or region (IC) 1308, a counter electrode layer (CE) 1310 (sometimes also referred to as an anode tinting layer or anode tinting layer), and a second TCL 1314. Elements 1304, 1306, 1308, 1310, and 1314 are collectively referred to as the electrochromic stack 120. A voltage source 1316 is operable to apply an electrical potential across the electrochromic stack 1320 to effect a transition of the electrochromic coating from, for example, a transparent state to a tinted state. In other embodiments, the order of the layers is reversed relative to the substrate. That is, the order of the layers is as follows: substrate, TCL, counter electrode layer, ion-conducting layer, electrochromic material layer, TCL.

[0159] In various embodiments, the ion conductor region (e.g., 1308) may be formed by a portion of the EC layer (e.g., 1306) and / or a portion of the CE layer (e.g., 1310). In such embodiments, the electrochromic stack (e.g., 1320) may be deposited to include a cathode-coloring electrochromic material (EC layer) in direct physical contact with an anodically coloring counter electrode material (CE layer). The ion conductor region (sometimes referred to as an interface region, or as an ion-conducting substantially electrically insulating layer or region) may be formed where the EC layer and the CE layer meet, for example, by heating and / or other processing steps. Examples of electrochromic devices (e.g., including electrochromic devices manufactured without depositing a unique ion conductor material) may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13 / 462,725, filed May 2, 2012, entitled “ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, the EC device coating may include one or more additional layers, such as one or more passive layers. Passive layers may be used to improve certain optical properties, provide moisture, and / or provide scratch resistance. These and / or other passive layers may be used to hermetically seal the EC stack 120. Various layers, including transparent conductive layers (such as 1304 and 1314), may be treated with anti-reflective and / or protective layers (e.g., oxide and / or nitride layers).

[0160] In certain embodiments, electrochromic device is configured to (e.g., substantially) reversibly cycle between transparent state and tinted state. Reversible may be within the life expectancy of ECD. Life expectancy can be at least about 2y, 5y, 10y, 15y, 25y, 50y, 75y or 100 (y) years. Life expectancy can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., from about 5 years to about 100 years, from about 2 years to about 25 years, from about 25 years to about 50 years, or from about 50 years to about 100 years). Potential can be applied to electrochromic stack (e.g., 1320) so that when window is in first tinted state (e.g., transparent), the available ions that can cause electrochromic material (e.g., 1306) to be in tinted state are mainly present in counter electrode (e.g., 1310) in the stack. When the potential applied to the electrochromic stack is reversed, ions may be transported across the ion-conducting layer (eg, 1308) to the electrochromic material and cause the material to enter a second tint state (eg, a tinted state).

[0161] It should be understood that reference to transitions between a transparent state and a tinted state is non-limiting and merely suggests one example of many examples of electrochromic transitions that can be achieved. Unless otherwise stated herein, whenever reference is made to a transparent-tinted transition, the corresponding apparatus or process includes other optical state transitions, such as non-reflective-reflective and / or transparent-opaque. In some embodiments, the terms "transparent" and "whitening" refer to optically neutral states, e.g., no tint, transparent, and / or translucent. In some embodiments, the "color" or "tint" of the electrochromic transition is not limited to any wavelength or range of wavelengths. Selection of appropriate electrochromic materials and counter electrode materials can manage the associated optical transitions (e.g., from a tinted state to a non-tinted state).

[0162] In certain embodiments, at least a portion (e.g., all) of the materials comprising the electrochromic stack are inorganic, solid (i.e., in a solid state), or both. Because various organic materials tend to degrade over time, particularly when exposed to heat and UV light, such as tinted building windows, inorganic materials offer the advantage of a reliable electrochromic stack that functions over time. In certain embodiments, solid materials can offer the advantage of minimizing contamination and leakage issues, as is sometimes the case with liquid materials. One or more of the layers in the stack can contain a certain (e.g., measurable) amount of organic material. The ECD or any portion (e.g., one or more layers) can contain little or no measurable organic material. The ECD or any portion (e.g., one or more layers) can contain one or more liquids, which may be present in small amounts. Small amounts may be up to approximately 100 ppm, 10 ppm, or 1 ppm of the ECD. The solid material can be deposited (or otherwise formed) using one or more processes employing liquid components, such as certain processes employing sol-gel, physical vapor deposition, and / or chemical vapor deposition.

[0163] Figure 14 shows an example of a cross-sectional view of a tinted window embodied in an insulating glass unit ("IGU") 1400 according to some implementations. When installed in a building, it may be desirable for the IGU to serve as the basic structure supporting the electrochromic panes (also referred to herein as "sheets" and in the singular "sheet"). The IGU sheet can be a single substrate or a multi-substrate construction. The sheet can comprise, for example, a laminate made of two substrates. An IGU (e.g., having a double-pane or triple-pane configuration) can provide many advantages over a single-pane configuration. For example, a multi-pane configuration can provide enhanced thermal insulation, acoustic insulation, environmental protection, and / or durability compared to a single-pane configuration. A multi-pane configuration can provide enhanced protection for ECDs. For example, an electrochromic film (e.g., and associated layers and conductive interconnects) can be formed on the interior surface of a multi-pane IGU and protected by an inert gas filler in the interior volume (e.g., 1408) of the IGU. The inert gas filler can provide at least some (thermal) insulation functionality for the IGU. Electrochromic IGUs can have heat-blocking capabilities, for example, by virtue of a tunable coating that absorbs (and / or reflects) heat and light.

[0164] In some embodiments, an "IGU" comprises two (or more) substantially transparent substrates. For example, the IGU may comprise two panes of glass. At least one substrate of the IGU may include an electrochromic device disposed thereon. One or more panes of the IGU may have a separator disposed therebetween. The IGU may be of sealed construction, for example, having an interior area isolated from the surrounding environment. A "window assembly" may comprise an IGU. A "window assembly" may comprise a (e.g., independent) laminate. A "window assembly" may comprise one or more electrical leads, for example, for connecting the IGU and / or the laminate. The electrical leads may operably couple (e.g., connect) one or more electrochromic devices to a voltage source, a switch, etc., and may include a frame for supporting the IGU or laminate. The window assembly may include a window controller and / or components of a window controller (e.g., a docking portion).

[0165] FIG14 shows an example implementation of an IGU 1400 that includes a first pane 1404 having a first surface S1 and a second surface S2. In some implementations, the first surface S1 of the first pane 1404 faces an external environment, such as the outdoors or an exterior environment. The IGU 200 also includes a second pane 1406 having a first surface S3 and a second surface S4. In some implementations, the second surface (e.g., S4) of the second pane (e.g., 1406) faces an internal environment, such as the interior environment of a residence, building, vehicle, or compartment thereof (e.g., an enclosure therein, such as a room).

[0166] In some implementations, the first and second panes (e.g., 1404 and 1406) are transparent or translucent, for example, at least to light in the visible spectrum. For example, each of the panes (e.g., 1404 and 1406) can be formed of a glass material. The glass material can include architectural glass and / or shatterproof glass. The glass can include silicon oxide (SO x ). The glass may comprise soda-lime glass or float glass. The glass may comprise at least about 75% silicon dioxide (SiO2). The glass may comprise oxides, such as Na2O or CaO. The glass may comprise alkali or alkaline earth metal oxides. The glass may comprise one or more additives. The first pane and / or the second pane may comprise any material having suitable optical, electrical, thermal and / or mechanical properties. Other materials (e.g., substrates) that may be included in the first pane and / or the second pane are plastic, semi-plastic and / or thermoplastic materials, such as poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, polycarbonate, allyl diglycol carbonate, SAN (styrene acrylonitrile copolymer), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyester and / or polyamide. The first pane and / or the second pane may comprise a mirror material (e.g., silver). In some implementations, the first pane and / or the second pane may be strengthened. Strengthening may include tempering, heating and / or chemical strengthening.

[0167] In some embodiments, (one or more) sensors are operably coupled to at least one controller and / or processor. Sensor readings may be obtained by one or more processors and / or controllers. A controller may include a processing unit (e.g., a CPU or GPU). A controller may receive input (e.g., from at least one sensor). A controller may include circuits, wires, lights, sockets, and / or outputs. A controller may deliver output. A controller may include multiple (e.g., sub-)controllers. A controller may be part of a control system. A control system may include a master controller, floor (e.g., including a network controller), and local controllers. A local controller may be a window controller (e.g., controlling an optically switchable window), a housing controller, or a component controller. For example, a controller may be part of a hierarchical control system (e.g., including a master controller that directs one or more controllers, e.g., a floor controller, a local controller (e.g., a window controller), a housing controller, and / or a component controller). The physical location of controller types in a hierarchical control system may be changing. For example: at a first time: a first processor may assume the role of a master controller, a second processor may assume the role of a floor controller, and a third processor may assume the role of a local controller. At a second time: the second processor may assume the role of the master controller, the first processor may assume the role of the floor controller, and the third processor may maintain the role of the local controller. At a third time: the third processor may assume the role of the master controller, the second processor may assume the role of the floor controller, and the first processor may assume the role of the local controller. A controller may control one or more devices (e.g., directly connected to the device). A controller may be located in proximity to the one or more devices it controls. For example, a controller may control an optically switchable device (e.g., an IGU), an antenna, a sensor, and / or an output device (e.g., a light source, an audio source, an odor source, a gas source, an HVAC outlet, or a heater). In one embodiment, a floor controller may command one or more window controllers, one or more enclosure controllers, one or more component controllers, or any combination thereof. A floor controller may include floor controllers. For example, a floor (e.g., including a network) controller may control multiple local (e.g., including window) controllers. Multiple local controllers may be located in a portion of a facility (e.g., in a portion of a building). The portion of the facility may be a floor of the facility. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a floor. In some embodiments, a floor may include multiple floor controllers, for example, based on the floor size and / or the number of local controllers connected to the floor controller. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a portion of the floors. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a portion of the local controllers located in a facility. For example, a floor controller may be assigned to a portion of the floors in a facility. A master controller may be connected to one or more floor controllers. Floor controllers may be located in a facility.The master controller may be located within the facility or externally. The master controller may be deployed in the cloud. The controller may be part of a building management system or operably coupled to a building management system. The controller may receive one or more inputs. The controller may generate one or more outputs. The controller may be a single-input single-output controller (SISO) or a multiple-input multiple-output controller (MIMO). The controller may interpret received input signals. The controller may acquire data from one or more components (e.g., sensors). Acquiring may include receiving or extracting. Data may include measuring, estimating, determining, generating, or any combination thereof. The controller may include feedback control. The controller may include feedforward control. Control may include on-off control, proportional control, proportional-integral (PI) control, or proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. Control may include open-loop control or closed-loop control. The controller may include closed-loop control. The controller may include open-loop control. The controller may include a user interface. The user interface may include (or be operably coupled to) a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, a voice recognition package, a camera, an imaging system, or any combination thereof. Outputs may include a display (e.g., a screen), a speaker, or a printer. Figure 15 An example of a control system architecture 1500 is shown that includes a master controller 1508 controlling floor controllers 1506, which in turn control local controllers 1504. In some embodiments, the local controllers control one or more IGUs, one or more sensors, one or more output devices (e.g., one or more transmitters), or any combination thereof. Figure 15 An example of a configuration is shown in which the master controller is operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and / or wired) to a building management system (BMS) 1524 and a database 1520 . Figure 15 The arrows in represent communication paths. The controller can be operably connected (e.g., directly / indirectly and / or wired and / or wirelessly) to an external source 1510. The external source can include a network. The external source can include one or more sensors or output devices. The external source can include a cloud-based application and / or database. Communication can be wired and / or wireless. The external source can be located outside the facility. For example, the external source can include one or more sensors and / or antennas, which are located, for example, on a wall or ceiling of the facility. Communication can be one-way or two-way. Figure 15 In the example shown in , all communication arrows are bidirectional. Figure 15 An example of a perspective view of an enclosure 1501 (eg, a building) is shown.

[0168] A controller can monitor and / or direct (e.g., physically) changes in the operating conditions of the devices, software, and / or methods described herein. Control can include regulating, manipulating, limiting, directing, monitoring, adjusting, modulating, changing, altering, constraining, checking, guiding, or managing. Control (e.g., by a controller) can include attenuating, modulating, varying, managing, inhibiting, training, adjusting, constraining, supervising, manipulating, and / or guiding. The control can include controlling a control variable (e.g., temperature, power, voltage, and / or curve). The control can include real-time or offline control. The calculations used by the controller can be performed in real-time and / or offline. The controller can be a manual controller or a non-manual controller. The controller can be an automatic controller. The controller can operate on demand. The controller can be a programmable controller. The controller can be programmed. The controller can include a processing unit (e.g., a CPU or GPU). The controller can receive input (e.g., from at least one sensor). The controller can deliver output. The controller can include multiple (e.g., sub-)controllers. The controller can be part of a control system. The control system can include a master controller, a floor controller, a local controller (e.g., a housing controller or a window controller). A controller may receive one or more inputs. A controller may generate one or more outputs. The controller may be a single-input, single-output controller (SISO) or a multiple-input, multiple-output controller (MIMO). The controller may interpret received input signals. The controller may acquire data from one or more sensors. Acquiring may include receiving or extracting. Data may include measuring, estimating, determining, generating, or any combination thereof. The controller may include feedback control. The controller may include feedforward control. The control may include switching control, proportional control, proportional-integral (PI) control, or proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. The control may include open-loop control or closed-loop control. The controller may include closed-loop control. The controller may include open-loop control. The controller may include a user interface. The user interface may include (or be operably coupled to) a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, a voice recognition package, a camera, an imaging system, or any combination thereof. The output may include a display (e.g., a screen), a speaker, or a printer. The methods, systems, and / or devices described herein may include a control system. The control system may communicate with any device (e.g., a sensor) described herein. For example, as described herein, the sensors may be of the same type or different types. For example, the control system can communicate with the first sensor and / or the second sensor. The control system can control one or more sensors. The control system can control one or more components of a building management system (e.g., a lighting system, a security system, and / or an air conditioning system). The controller can adjust at least one (e.g., environmental) characteristic of the enclosure. The control system can use any component of the building management system to adjust the enclosed environment.For example, the control system can regulate the energy supplied by the heating element and / or the cooling element. For example, the control system can regulate the speed of air flowing into and / or out of the housing through the vents. The control system can include a processor. The processor can be a processing unit. The controller can include a processing unit. The processing unit can be central. The processing unit can include a central processing unit (abbreviated herein as "CPU"). The processing unit can be a graphics processing unit (abbreviated herein as "GPU"). (One or more) controllers or control mechanisms (e.g., including a computer system) can be programmed to implement one or more methods of the present disclosure. The processor can be programmed to implement the method of the present disclosure. The controller can control at least one component of the forming system and / or apparatus disclosed herein.

[0169] Figure 16 A schematic example of a computer system 1600 is shown that is programmed or otherwise configured to perform one or more operations of any method provided herein. The computer system can control (e.g., guide, monitor and / or adjust) various features of the methods, devices and systems of the present disclosure, such as, for example, controlling the heating, cooling, lighting and / or ventilation of an enclosure, or any combination thereof. The computer system can be part of or communicate with any sensor or device (e.g., including sensors and / or transmitters) set disclosed herein. The computer can be coupled to one or more mechanisms disclosed herein and / or any part thereof. For example, the computer can be coupled to one or more sensors, valves, switches, lights, windows (e.g., IGUs), motors, pumps, optical components or any combination thereof.

[0170] In some embodiments, the circuit is operably (e.g., communicatively) coupled to a network of an enclosure (e.g., a facility comprising a building). The circuit may include a driver board or a controller. The controller may be any controller disclosed herein (e.g., a timing controller, a touch screen controller, and / or any controller of a (e.g., hierarchical) control system). The controller may be operably coupled to a device collection. The device collection may include a sensor or a transmitter. For example, the device collection may include multiple sensors, multiple transmitters, or any combination thereof. The transmitter may be a light (e.g., an LED) or a sound (e.g., a buzzer or speaker) transmitter. The sensor may sense any environmental characteristic of the environment (e.g., light, temperature, chemical composition (e.g., chemical composition of the atmosphere), or sound). The chemical composition may include volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide, oxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, or moisture. The control system may be configured to control the environment (e.g., via a network), for example, using a building management system. The control system may be configured to control (e.g., via a network) the ventilation, heating, air conditioning, cooling, lighting, safety, security, fire protection, or sound systems of the enclosure (e.g., a facility). The control system can be configured to control (e.g., via a network) at least one tunable tint window, display configuration, and / or touchscreen. The network can facilitate updating any software (e.g., non-transitory computer-readable media) associated with a device to which it is operatively (e.g., communicatively) coupled. The network can facilitate updating any logic (e.g., control logic) associated with a device to which it is operatively (e.g., communicatively) coupled. The logic can be embedded in the software. The network can facilitate updating any data stream associated with the device to which it is operatively (e.g., communicatively) coupled. Updates can be real-time. The network can facilitate response times and / or update times with a latency of at most approximately 2 milliseconds (ms), 3 ms, 4 ms, 5 ms, 7 ms, 10 ms, or 15 ms. The network can facilitate low-latency communication. The display configuration, touchscreen functionality, and / or tunable tint window can (e.g., each) have a unique identification (alphanumeric) code. The display configuration, touchscreen functionality, and / or tunable tint window can (e.g., each) be uniquely identified by the network and / or control system. The display configuration, touch screen functionality, and / or tunable tint windows may (eg, each) be uniquely identifiable by a network and / or control system as a device and / or node.

[0171] In some embodiments, a device (e.g., a display configuration, touchscreen functionality, and / or tunable windows) is communicatively coupled to a network. Third-party devices and / or data streams (e.g., third-party media providers) may utilize network authentication protocols, for example, to communicate with a control system and / or another device. The network authentication protocol may open one or more ports for network access. Port(s) may be opened when an organization and / or facility authenticates (e.g., through network authentication) the identity of a device attempting to operatively couple (and / or physically couple) to the network. Operational coupling may include communicatively coupling. The organization and / or facility may authorize (e.g., using the network) the device's access to the network. Access may or may not be restricted. The restrictions may include one or more security levels. The device's identity may be determined based on credentials and / or certificates. The credentials and / or certificates may be verified by the network (e.g., by a server operatively coupled to the network). The authentication protocol may or may not be specific to physical communication (e.g., Ethernet communication) within a packet-based local area network (LAN). The standard may be maintained by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). The standard may specify the operating characteristics of the physical medium (e.g., target device) and / or the network (e.g., Ethernet). The network standard may support virtual LANs (VLANs) on a local area network (e.g., Ethernet). The standard may support power delivery via a local area network (e.g., Ethernet). The network may provide communication via a power line (e.g., a coaxial cable). The power may be direct current (DC). The power may be at least approximately 12 watts (W), 15 W, 25 W, 30 W, 40 W, 48 W, 50 W, or 100 W. The standard may facilitate mesh networks. The standard may facilitate local area network (LAN) technology and / or wide area network (WAN) applications. The standard may facilitate physical connections between target devices and / or infrastructure equipment (hubs, switches, routers), for example, via various types of cables (e.g., coaxial cables, twisted pair cables, copper cables, and / or fiber optic cables). Examples of network authentication protocols may be 802.1X or KERBEROS. The network authentication protocol may include key encryption. The network may support (e.g., communicate) protocols including 802.3, 802.3af (PoE), 802.3at (PoE+), 802.1Q, or 802.11s. The network may support a communication protocol for a building automation and control (BAC) network (e.g., BACnet). The protocol may define service(s) for communication between various devices connected to the network. The one or more devices may include sensors, transmitters, tinted windows, display configurations, touch screen functionality, controllers, transceivers, antennas, third-party media provider related equipment, personal computers, mobile circuits (e.g., laptops, cellular phones, touchpads), and / or any other (e.g., third-party) devices.Protocol services may include device and object discovery (e.g., who is who, who am I, who owns, and / or I own). Protocol services may include read and write properties (e.g., for data sharing). A network protocol may define an object type (e.g., the type of object on which a service operates). The protocol may define one or more data links and / or physical layers (e.g., ARCNET, Ethernet, BACnet / IP, BACnet / IPv6, BACnet / MSTP, point-to-point on RS-232, master-slave / token passing on RS-485, ZigBee, and / or LonTalk). The protocol may be device-specific (e.g., Internet of Things (IoT) devices and / or machine-to-machine (M2M) communications). The protocol may be a messaging protocol. The protocol may be a publish-subscribe type protocol. The protocol may be configured for message transmission. The protocol may be configured for use with remote devices. The protocol may be configured for use with devices having a small code footprint and / or minimal network bandwidth. The small code footprint may be configured to be processed by a microcontroller. The protocol may have multiple quality of service levels, including (i) at most once, (ii) at least once, and / or (iii) exactly once. Multiple quality of service levels may increase the reliability of message delivery in the network (e.g., to its destination). The protocol may facilitate (i) device-to-cloud and / or (ii) cloud-to-device messaging. The messaging protocol is configured to broadcast messages to a group of devices such as sensors and / or transmitters (e.g., as described herein). The protocol may conform to the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). The protocol may support security schemes such as authentication (e.g., using tokens). The protocol may support access authorization standards (e.g., OAuth). The protocol may support granting a first application (and / or website) access to information on a second application (and / or website) without providing the second application with a security code (e.g., a token and / or password) associated with the first application. The protocol may include Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) or Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) protocols. The protocol can be configured for a message rate of at least one (1) message per second (e.g., per publisher) or more messages per second (e.g., per publisher). The protocol can be configured to facilitate message payload sizes of up to about 64 bytes, 86 bytes, 96 bytes, or 128 bytes. The protocol can be configured to communicate with any device (e.g., from a microcontroller to a server) that operates a library compliant with the protocol (e.g., MQTT) and / or is connected over a network to a proxy compliant with the protocol (e.g., an MQTT proxy). Each device (e.g., a target device, a sensor, or a transmitter) can be a publisher and / or a subscriber. At least one proxy can handle millions of concurrently connected devices, or fewer than millions.The agent can handle at least about 100, 10,000, 100,000, 1,000,000, or 10,000,000 concurrently connected devices. In some embodiments, the agent is responsible for receiving at least a portion (e.g., all) of the messages, filtering the messages, determining who is interested in each message, and / or sending the messages to these subscribed devices (e.g., proxy clients). The protocol may require an Internet connection to the network. The protocol can facilitate bidirectional and / or synchronous peer-to-peer messaging. The protocol can be a binary wired protocol. Examples of such network protocols, control systems, and networks can be found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 000,342, filed on March 26, 2020, entitled “MESSAGING IN A MULTI CLIENT NETWORK,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0172] A computer system may include a processing unit (e.g., 1606) (also used herein as "processor," "computer," and "computer processor"). A computer system may include memory or memory locations (e.g., 1602) (e.g., random access memory, read-only memory, flash memory), electronic storage units (e.g., 1604) (e.g., a hard disk), a communication interface (e.g., 1603) (e.g., a network adapter) for communicating with one or more other systems, and peripheral devices (e.g., 1605) such as cache, other memory, data storage, and / or an electronic display adapter. Figure 16 In the example shown in , memory 1602, storage unit 1604, interface 1603 and peripheral device 1605 communicate with processing unit 1606 via a communication bus (solid line) such as a motherboard. The storage unit can be a data storage unit (or data repository) for storing data. With the help of the communication interface, the computer system can be operably connected to a computer network ("network") (e.g., 1601). The network can be the Internet, the Internet and / or an extranet, or an intranet and / or an extranet communicating with the Internet. In some cases, the network is a telecommunications and / or data network. The network may include one or more computer servers, which can implement distributed computing, such as cloud computing. In some cases, with the help of the computer system, the network can implement a peer-to-peer network, which can enable the device connected to the computer system to act as a client or server.

[0173] The processing unit can execute a series of machine-readable instructions, which can be implemented in a program or software. The instructions can be stored in a memory location (such as memory 1602). The instructions can be directed to the processing unit, which can then be programmed or otherwise configured to implement the method of the present disclosure. Examples of operations performed by the processing unit can include acquiring, decoding, executing, and writing back. The processing unit can interpret and / or execute instructions. The processor can include a microprocessor, a data processor, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a system on a chip (SOC), a coprocessor, a network processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application-specific instruction set processor (ASIPs), a controller, a programmable logic device (PLD), a chipset, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or any combination thereof. The processing unit can be part of a circuit such as an integrated circuit. One or more other components of system 1600 can be included in the circuit.

[0174] The storage unit can store files, such as drivers, libraries, and saved programs. The storage unit can store user data (e.g., user preferences and user programs). In some cases, the computer system can include one or more additional data storage units external to the computer system (such as located on a remote server that communicates with the computer system via an intranet or the Internet).

[0175] The computer system can communicate with one or more remote computer systems via a network. For example, the computer system can communicate with a remote computer system of a user (e.g., an operator). Examples of remote computer systems include personal computers (e.g., laptop PCs), tablet computers (e.g., iPad, Galaxy Tab), phones, smartphones (e.g. iPhone, Android-supported devices, ) or a personal digital assistant. Users (eg, clients) can access the computer system via a network.

[0176] The methods described herein can be implemented by machine (e.g., computer processor) executable code stored in an electronic storage location on a computer system, such as, for example, stored in memory 1602 or electronic storage unit 1604. The machine executable or machine readable code can be provided in the form of software. During use, the processor 1606 can execute the code. In some cases, the code can be retrieved from the storage unit and stored in the memory for access by the processor. In some cases, the electronic storage unit can be eliminated and the machine executable instructions can be stored in the memory.

[0177] The code may be precompiled and configured for use on a machine having a processor suitable for executing the code, or may be compiled at runtime. The code may be supplied in a programming language that may be selected to enable the code to be executed in a precompiled or compile-time manner.

[0178] In some embodiments, the processor includes code. The code may be program instructions. The program instructions may cause at least one processor (e.g., a computer) to direct a feedforward and / or feedback control loop. In some embodiments, the program instructions cause at least one processor to direct a closed-loop and / or open-loop control scheme. The control may be based, at least in part, on one or more sensor readings (e.g., sensor data). A controller may direct multiple operations. At least two operations may be directed by different controllers. In some embodiments, different controllers may direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, different controllers may direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable medium causes each different computer to direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, different non-transitory computer-readable media causes each different computer to direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). The controller and / or computer-readable medium may direct any device or component thereof disclosed herein. The controller and / or computer-readable medium may direct any operation of the method disclosed herein.

[0179] In some embodiments, at least one display configuration and associated integrated glass unit(s) operate in coordination with one another. Control of the at least one display configuration and associated tunable tint window (e.g., integrated glass unit(s)) can be achieved via integration of display configuration control with tunable tint window control. For example, the display configuration and tunable tint glass can be operably (e.g., communicatively) coupled to a control system, e.g., via a network. At least one display configuration can be controlled via Ethernet. When one or more associated display configurations are used, the tint level of the tunable tint window(s) can be adjusted. When one or more display configurations are used, the tint level of the tunable tint window(s) can automatically change (e.g., darken). Automatically changing (e.g., darkening or lightening) the tint level of the tunable tint window(s) can be based, at least in part, on external radiation and / or display contrast. Automatically changing the tint level of the tunable tint window(s) can be based, at least in part, on privacy (e.g., limiting the ability of someone outside the facility to see the display configuration). When the tunable tint window(s) are in use, a region of the tunable tint window(s) can (automatically) change its tint level (e.g., darken or lighten). A zone of adjustable tint windows may include multiple adjustable tint windows. The zone may include (i) adjustable tint windows facing a specific direction of an enclosure (e.g., a facility), (ii) multiple adjustable tint windows on a specific face of the facility (e.g., a facade), (iii) adjustable tint windows on a specific floor of the facility, (iv) multiple adjustable tint windows in a specific type of room and / or activity (e.g., an open space, an office, a conference room, a lecture hall, a corridor, a reception hall, or a cafeteria), (v) adjustable tint windows disposed on the same fixture (e.g., an interior wall or exterior wall), and / or (vi) a user-defined multiple adjustable tint windows (e.g., a group of adjustable tint windows in a room or on a facade is a subset of a larger group of adjustable tint windows, e.g., a conference room with a display configuration on one of eight adjustable tint windows may darken the tint of the eight adjustable tint windows - a zone). The (automatic) tint of the adjustable tint windows may be based at least in part on whether the display configuration is showing active content (e.g., content intended for viewing by a user) or inactive content. When at least one display configuration is in use, the automatic change of the tint level of the tunable tint window can be overridden by the user (e.g., by manually adjusting the tint level). The user can override the automatic tint of the tunable tint window(s) using mobile circuitry (e.g., a remote control, a virtual reality controller, a cellular phone, an electronic notepad, a laptop computer, and / or a similar mobile device).

[0180] In some embodiments, at least one display configuration and associated tunable tint window(s) may be located adjacent to a heat dissipation system (e.g., a heater). Heat from the adjacent display configuration (e.g., heat generated by the display configuration, any touchscreen, circuitry, power supply, adjacent sensors, adjacent emitters, and / or solar radiation (e.g., through the tunable tint window(s)) may be dissipated. Heat may be transferred via conduction, convection, and / or electromagnetic waves (radiation). Heat may be removed actively or passively. Heat may be removed via convection and / or conduction. Active heat removal may be controlled (e.g., using a control system). Active (e.g., forced) convection (e.g., a fan) may create an airflow to dissipate heat from the adjacent display configuration(s). The airflow may be in a gap (e.g., between the tunable tint window(s) and the display configuration(s)). When a first (high) temperature threshold is reached, one or more temperature sensors adjacent to the display configuration(s) and / or operably coupled to the display configuration(s) may sense the temperature and send a signal to initiate forced convection. When a second (higher) temperature threshold is reached (e.g., to prevent malfunction and / or damage), the temperature sensor(s) may (automatically) shut down the display construction(s). The damage may be permanent or temporary. The first temperature threshold may be a lower temperature value than the second temperature threshold. The threshold may depend on the ambient temperature. The ambient temperature may include setting a temperature outside the housing of the display construction, or setting a temperature within the housing of the display construction. The amount of heat passing through the tinted window(s) may be limited (e.g., via the use of low emissivity (Lo-E) glass), for example, to reduce the heat load on the display construction(s).

[0181] In some embodiments, operation of at least one display configuration and associated tunable window(s) includes maintenance tasks associated with the display configuration(s). Control of the display configuration maintenance tasks (e.g., pixel compensation, temperature, usage, and / or reset) can be automated (e.g., using a control system). Pixel compensation can include adjusting the brightness of pixels in the display configuration based at least in part on how the pixels are used during their lifetime. For example, what wavelength and / or intensity the pixel emits, and optionally for how long. For example, how often the pixel projects the wavelength and / or intensity. For example, what the pixel displays (e.g., video with motion or a static display). Display configuration temperature, fan speed, the degree of display configuration usage, and / or the type of display configuration usage can be monitored over time. Monitoring can be performed by the control system. Monitoring can utilize sensors connected to a network (e.g., and connected to the control system). Monitoring can be in situ and / or in real time while the display configuration is projecting media. The control system can utilize image processing to assess the status of one or more light-emitting entities (e.g., LEDs or other lights) of the display configuration. The sensors can include cameras (e.g., still cameras or video cameras). The camera may include a pixel array (e.g., a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera). The camera may be configured for digital imaging (e.g., a CCD or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) camera). The camera may include a photographic plate. The camera may be sensitive to a color gamut (e.g., the full range of colors visible to the average human eye). The control system may continuously and / or intermittently (e.g., at predetermined intervals) monitor the display configuration. The control system may continuously or intermittently record data related to monitoring the display configuration. The data may be recorded at predetermined time intervals and / or when a threshold is reached. The threshold may be a thermal threshold, an electrical threshold, and / or an optical threshold. The threshold may be time-dependent (e.g., a temperature exceeding 50° C. for more than about 1 minute). Display configuration adjustments (e.g., resetting) may be based at least in part on such monitoring of display configuration (e.g., optical, thermal, and / or electrical) characteristics (e.g., depending on a time threshold). The threshold may be a value or a function (e.g., a function that depends on time and / or space). The space may relate to the type of housing in which the display configuration is disposed. For example, a display configuration in a conference room may have a lower error tolerance than a display configuration in a hallway. Monitoring of the display configuration can provide predictions regarding the lifespan of (one or more) components of the display configuration (e.g., pixels, circuitry, filters, and / or fans). Monitoring the display configuration (e.g., over time) can proactively compensate for any predicted degradation associated with the display configuration or in components of the display configuration (e.g., pixels, circuitry, filters, and / or fans). Monitoring and / or diagnosis of the display configuration can be via a network (e.g., a network at least partially disposed within the fabric of the facility).Monitoring and / or diagnosis of the display configuration can be performed by a control system. Adjusting (e.g., resetting) the display configuration can include (automatically and / or controllably) turning the display configuration off and on. For example, if a pixel of the display configuration is susceptible to a fault (e.g., a burn-out fault), the display configuration can be cycled once every time interval (e.g., every at least about 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 ​​hours, or 72 hours). The time interval can depend on the type and / or extent of the predicted fault (e.g., a predicted fault of a pixel, or a predicted fault of a group of pixels). The time interval of the cycle can depend on the type of viewing of the display configuration. For example, static viewing exceeding a predetermined time threshold (e.g., using the display configuration as a marker) may increase the risk of pixel failure (e.g., malfunction). When the display configuration is used for static viewing rather than moving video, more frequent on / off cycles can reduce the risk of pixel failure in static viewing. The control system can predict (e.g., via a software module) maintenance and / or replacement of the display configuration or any component thereof (e.g., based on the monitored pixel status). The prediction can be based at least in part on real-time sensor measurements of the output of the display configuration (e.g., compared to the expected output). The predictions can be based at least in part on previous sensor measurements of the output of a display configuration, for example, performed in a laboratory or other testing facility (e.g., fatigue testing) (e.g., compared to expected output). The predictions can be based at least in part on observations of the display configuration to be maintained / replaced. The predictions can be based at least in part on observations of display configurations other than the display configuration to be maintained / replaced (e.g., test display configurations). The predictions can be based at least in part on average pixel states, for example, taking into account the illumination profile of the display configuration and / or any individual pixel thereof. The control system can provide notifications regarding expected replacements and / or maintenance. Such predictions can allow proactive maintenance and / or replacement to be performed. Such predictions can allow expected inventories of various display configurations to be maintained and / or replaced. Such predictions can allow timely scheduling of personnel who will perform such maintenance and / or replacement.

[0182] Figure 18An example of operations associated with at least one display configuration and associated tunable tint window(s) is shown. Control of the at least one display configuration and associated tunable tint window(s) may be implemented via integration of display configuration control with control of the tunable tint window(s). Control of the at least one display configuration may be performed via a network. In block 1801, a tint level of at least one tunable tint window is adjusted while one or more associated display configuration(s) are in use and / or are being prepared for use by the display configuration(s). For example, the tint level of the tunable tint window(s) may be automatically dimmed while one or more display configurations are in use. Automatically dimming the tint level of the at least one tunable tint window(s) may be based at least in part on (i) external radiation, (ii) the media displayed on the display contrast, (iii) the type of media displayed (e.g., static or changing), and / or (iv) a privacy request. Automatically dimming the tint level of the tunable tint window(s) may be based at least in part on privacy (e.g., limiting the ability of someone outside the facility to see the display configuration). When one or more display configurations are in use, a region of the tunable tint window(s) may change its tint level (e.g., dim). The zones of tunable tint windows may include multiple tunable tint windows facing a particular direction in the facility, multiple tunable tint windows on a particular face of the facility, multiple tunable tint windows on a particular floor of the facility, multiple tunable tint windows in a particular type of room (e.g., open space, office, conference room, lecture hall, cafeteria), and / or multiple tunable tint windows defined by a user (e.g., a set of tunable tint windows in a room or on a facade is a subset of a larger set of tunable tint windows, e.g., a conference room with a display configuration on one of eight tunable tint windows may dim the tint of all eight tunable tint windows by a zone). The zones may be any of the zones disclosed herein. The automatic tinting of the tunable tint windows may be based at least in part on whether the display configuration is showing active content (e.g., content intended for viewing by a user) or inactive content. In block 1803, the automatic dimming of the tint level of the tunable tint windows may be overridden by the user manually adjusting the tint level of one or more tunable tint windows. The user can use a mobile device (e.g., a remote control, a virtual reality controller, a cell phone, an electronic notepad, and / or a laptop computer) to override the automatic tinting of the tunable tint window(s). In block 1804, heat from the adjacent display structure (e.g., heat generated by any components associated with the display structure and / or solar radiation passing through the tunable tint window(s)) can be dissipated and removed passively and / or actively (e.g., controllably) (e.g., using automatic actuation of a fan or any other heat exchanger). When a first high temperature threshold is reached, a temperature sensor adjacent to the display structure can sense the temperature and send a signal to initiate active heat exchange operation (e.g., initiate forced convection). When a second, higher temperature threshold is reached, the temperature sensor can shut down the display structure(s).Operation 1805 illustrates (e.g., automating) the prediction and / or anticipation of (one or more) maintenance tasks (e.g., pixel compensation, temperature, usage, and / or reset) for a display configuration. Pixel compensation can include adjusting the brightness of pixels in the display configuration based, at least in part, on how much the pixel has been used, how long the pixel has been used, and / or what the pixel has displayed (e.g., video with motion or static display). The display configuration temperature, active heat exchange intensity (e.g., fan speed), and / or the amount of usage of the display configuration can be monitored. Display configuration adjustments (e.g., reset) can be based, at least in part, on monitoring characteristics of the display configuration. As pixels degrade, they may require more current and / or voltage to produce a requested output. Display configuration adjustments can include adjusting the intensity of one or more pixels of the display configuration to generate the requested output. Monitoring the display configuration can provide predictions regarding the status and / or predicted lifespan of components in the display configuration (e.g., pixels, circuitry, filters, and / or fans). The control system can be notified of and / or actively compensate for any predicted degradation in components associated with the display configuration. Monitoring and / or diagnosis of the display configuration can be performed via a network, which can be at least partially located within the facility's skin. In block 1807, the display configuration is optionally adjusted and / or reset. Adjustment and / or resetting can include automatically turning the display configuration off and on, for example, to increase pixel life and / or reduce pixel output failures.

[0183] In some embodiments, the operation of at least one display configuration and associated tunable tint window(s) is based at least in part on the state of the at least one display configuration. The state of the display configuration can be checked, monitored, and / or verified to determine whether the at least one display configuration is on. If the at least one display configuration is not on, a default and / or manual tint level for the tunable tint window(s) can be activated. The (e.g., on / off) state of the display configuration can be periodically checked. If the at least one display configuration is on (e.g., operating), it can be determined whether the display configuration is displaying active content or passive content. If the display configuration is not on (e.g., not displaying media), a default or manual tint level for the tunable tint window(s) can be activated. If the display configuration is displaying active content, (i) a zone of tunable tint windows near the display configuration(s) displaying the active content can be identified, (ii) tint levels for the windows in the zone can be identified (e.g., different tint levels based at least in part on solar radiation, solar glare, and / or desired contrast), and / or (iii) the tint levels for the tunable tint windows in the identified zone can be adjusted.

[0184] Figure 19An example of control operations associated with at least one display configuration and (one or more) associated adjustable color windows is shown. In block 1901, the state of at least one display configuration is checked. In block 1902, the control system determines whether at least one display configuration is on (e.g., at least one pixel is controllably emitting radiation). If at least one display configuration is not on, then in block 1903, a default or manual tint level for (one or more) adjustable color windows is activated, and the state of the display configuration is periodically checked. If at least one display configuration is on, then in block 1904, it may be determined whether the display configuration is displaying active content. If not, then in block 1903, a default or manual tint level for (one or more) adjustable color windows may be activated, and the state of the display configuration may be periodically checked. If the display configuration is displaying active content, then in block 1905, (one or more) adjustable color windows are identified that are proximate to (one or more) display configurations displaying the active content. In block 1906, the tunable tint window(s) may have their tint levels identified (e.g., different tint levels based at least in part on the presence of sun / glare and desired contrast), and in block 1907, any tint level adjustments are made to the tunable tint windows. The tunable tint windows may be part of the zone (e.g., the zone may be identified by the controller) or not. If a first tunable tint window coupled to the display configuration is part of a zone that includes at least one second tunable tint window not coupled to the display configuration, the tint of the second tunable tint window may or may not be changed to the tint of the first tunable tint window. The tint of the other windows in the zone may be changed in accordance with the tint change of the tunable tint window coupled to the display configuration, as predetermined by the user and / or determined to be consistent with the tint change of the tint of the tunable tint window coupled to the display configuration.

[0185] In some embodiments, multiple display structures are connected together in a control scheme. Multiple display structures can be installed adjacent to one or more tint-adjustable windows. The tint-adjustable windows can be connected (e.g., wired or wirelessly) via local (e.g., window) controllers that are part of a control system. The control system can include a distributed network of controllers connected to a power and / or communications network. The control system can control various functions (e.g., functions of a facility (e.g., an office building, a warehouse, etc.)), which can include adjusting the tint of one or more tint-adjustable windows and / or displaying media content on the display structures. The display structures can be connected (e.g., wired or wirelessly) via a display interface that can be housed in one or more housings. The display interface housing may be referred to herein as an electrical box ((E)-box), e.g., 2006. The E-box can be operably connected (e.g., for power and / or communications) to a network. The network can provide data and / or power to the display structures. A user content server can provide data to be displayed on the display structures via the network and / or can provide data and power to the display interface via one or more connectors to the display interface. The display interface may include an adapter (e.g., an Ethernet adapter (e.g., RS-485 to Ethernet)) and / or the E-box may include local adapter (e.g., Ethernet / IP) support. The E-box may send prompts and / or respond to queries from the network. Connections for data transmission may include, for example, Ethernet, HDMI, DisplayPort, RS-485, and / or other types of connections for data and / or media transmission. Power may be provided to the E-box via the Internet and / or via a separate power cable. Multiple display configurations may show different content on each of the display configurations, may show the same (e.g., repeated) content, or may be configured to show an image across multiple display configurations (e.g., so that a portion of an image is shown on each of the multiple display configurations). The connection of the display configurations may allow a small number (e.g., up to 10, 9, 8, 5, 6, or 4) of display configurations to be controlled via a local controller. In some embodiments, a larger number (e.g., more than 10) of display configurations may be connected via a network (e.g., floor) controller, or may allow all display configurations in a facility to be controlled by a master controller. Display configurations can display media individually (e.g., independently of other display configurations) or in groups of display configurations (e.g., at least 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 25, 50, or 75 display configurations can be arranged into a display group (set)), which can be controlled to display data just like a single display configuration (e.g., one media packaged accordingly between the displays in the display group). Display configurations can form a video wall. A video wall can include multiple display configurations tiled together (e.g., contiguously or overlapping) to form a large screen.A controller controlling a video wall controller can divide a single image to be projected onto the video wall into portions to be displayed on the various display structures that make up the video wall. The display structures can be coupled to the wall (e.g., opaque or transparent) or to adjustable color windows. The video wall controller can include a hardware-based controller or a software and media card-based controller. The hardware-based controller can include a media processing chipset and can be devoid of an operating system. A software-based media card controller can be placed in a processor with an operating system. The processor can be a server or can be local. The processor can be configured with a multi-output graphics card and / or a video capture input card.

[0186] Display configurations can be configured in layouts. A layout can include a matrix grid layout (e.g., 2×2, 3×3, or 4×4) of identical display geometries (e.g., having identical aspect ratios). A layout can include layouts of different display geometries (e.g., having different aspect ratios), for example, in configurations other than a symmetrical matrix. The displayed media content can be identical, packaged, or completely different. For example, at least two different concurrent contents can be displayed on a video wall of a display configuration.

[0187] Figure 20An example of a control scheme for multiple display configurations is shown. Multiple display configurations 2002 can be installed adjacent to multiple tunable tint windows 2003. The tunable tint windows 2003 can be connected (e.g., wired and / or wirelessly) 2009 to a control network 2004 via a local (window) controller 2001. The control network controls various functions of a facility (e.g., an office building, a warehouse, etc.), which can include adjusting the tint of the tunable tint windows 2003. The display configurations 2002 can be connected (e.g., wired and / or wirelessly) 2010 to a control network 2004 (including a control system) via a display interface 2005 and a controller housed within a housing (also referred to herein as an electrical (E) box 2006). The control network can be coupled to the tunable tint windows and / or display configurations via a wiring network, which (e.g., coaxial cables) can provide data and / or power to the display configurations 2002. The user content server 2007 can provide data to be displayed on the display configuration 2002 (e.g., via wiring and / or a control network), and / or can provide data and power to the display interface 2005 via one or more connectors 2011 to the display interface 2005. The display interface can include an Ethernet adapter (e.g., RS-485 to Ethernet). The E-box 2006 can include local Ethernet / IP support. The E-box 2006 can send prompts and / or respond to queries from the network 2004. The connection for the device for data transmission can include, for example, Ethernet, HDMI, display port, RS-485 and / or other types of connections for data transmission. Power can be supplied via the Internet and / or provided to the E-box 2006 via a separate power cable. Multiple display configurations 2002 can show different content, the same content, or can be used to show one image across multiple display configurations 2002 (e.g., as in a video wall).

[0188] In some embodiments, a display structure is used to display various media in a facility. The display structure may include one or more media displays, for example, when the display structure is not in operation (e.g., a TOLED display), the media display may be at least partially transparent. The display structure may be coupled (e.g., directly or indirectly) to a hard surface, such as a wall, board, or window (e.g., a viewing window). The hard surface may be a fixture. The window may be a tint-adjustable window (e.g., an electrochromic window). The window may be provided in a building, or in the building's enclosure. The viewing window may include a tint-adjustable window, the window comprising a tint-adjustable electrochromic window (e.g., darkens, lightens, and / or changes its color (e.g., hue)), which may provide a background for contrasting the media displayed by the display structure.

[0189] In some embodiments, one or more display structures can be operably coupled (e.g., mounted) to a hard surface (e.g., a window, wall, or panel). The coupling can be via hinges, adhesives, fasteners, and / or by other suitable mechanisms. The coupler can be at least partially disposed within one or more window frame portions. The window frame(s) can include vertical portions (e.g., mullions) and can include horizontal portions (e.g., transoms). The display structure can be directly adhered (e.g., using an adhesive) to the hard surface. The adhesive may or may not contact the window frame (or portion thereof). The hard surface can comprise a hardened material (e.g., glass, metal, or polymer). The hard surface can comprise a solid (e.g., plaster, ceramic, concrete, and / or stone). Multiple display structures can be mounted (e.g., via hinges, adhesives, fasteners, and / or via other mechanisms).

[0190] In some embodiments, the display configuration is controlled by at least one controller. The controller may be part of a control system. The controller may include a controller that is directly coupled (e.g., connected) to the display configuration. The connection between the controller and the display configuration may use wired and / or wireless communication. The controller may be coupled to the display configuration via multiple wires (e.g., for communication and / or power). The controller may be disposed in a housing. The housing may comprise one or more materials. The materials may include base metals, metal alloys, polymers (e.g., plastics), resins, wood, glass, composite materials, and / or other materials. The materials may be transparent or opaque. The materials may include conductive or insulating (e.g., dielectric) materials. The housing may comprise dispersive or specular materials. The housing may have multiple faces. At least two (e.g., all) of the multiple wires may extend from one of the multiple faces of the controller housing. Sometimes, a controller housing (e.g., containing one or more controllers) may be coupled to multiple display configurations. Sometimes, a controller may be operably coupled (e.g., directly) to one display configuration. Sometimes, a controller may be operably coupled (e.g., directly) to two or more display configurations. The direct connection can include a wire connecting the controller and the display structure. The wire can be an uninterrupted wire. The controller and / or the housing can include a wire entry. The wiring entry can be on the same side as the wiring exit in the controller housing or on a different side. Sometimes, multiple control housings can be located adjacent to each other (e.g., in contact with each other, or can be directly connected to each other (e.g., via a wire). At least two wires (e.g., all wires) connecting (one or more) controllers in at least two different housings (e.g., all housings) to at least two (e.g., all) display structures (e.g., in a group of display structures) can (i) extend from the same face type of the housing and / or (ii) extend in the same general direction (e.g., up, down, left, or right). The facial type can be assigned based on the direction the face is facing (e.g., downward face, upward face, eastward face, westward face, northward face, eastward face, or any combination thereof). The direction can be relative to the user facing the display structure, as well as relative to the center of gravity.

[0191] In some embodiments, the controller housing is mounted within a frame portion. The controller housing can be mounted within at least a portion of a window, panel, or wall frame. The portion of the frame can be within the upper horizontal mullion (or mullions), the lower horizontal mullion (or mullions), and / or the vertical (side) mullions, or a combination of mullions forming the window frame (or frames). Upper and lower are relative to the center of gravity. A display connector can connect the controller to the display structure via one or more cables and / or wires. The display connector that can connect the controller to the corresponding display structure via a cable can extend from one of the multiple faces of the controller housing, or can extend from more than one of the multiple faces of the controller housing. At least two (e.g., all) of the cables connecting the controller to the corresponding display structure can be (e.g., substantially) the same length. The cables can extend at least partially within the window frame (or frames). The cables connecting the controller to the display structure can have different lengths. The cables can extend at least partially within the window frame (or frames) and / or outside the window frame (or frames). (For example, local) controller can comprise power connector, and described power connector can be connected to one or more power supplies for example.Power connector can be arranged on the face identical with the face that the data cable of (one or more) display structure extends or in different faces.Different faces can form angle, and described angle can be (for example, substantially) right angle.Different faces can be parallel to each other.(one or more) data (for example, communication and / or media) cable can be connected to controller from one or more data sources (for example, (one or more) servers).Data cable can be connected to the server of media content provider server and / or control (one or more) window tint level.In certain embodiments, electric power and data are connected to display structure via same cable (for example, coaxial cable).

[0192] In some embodiments, multiple devices (e.g., including sensors and / or transmitters) are integrated into a common housing. The housing may include one or more circuit boards. The housing may integrate a group of devices. The assembly may have a single housing (e.g., a cover). One or more circuit boards (e.g., printed circuit boards (PCBs)) may be disposed in the single housing. At least one controller may be disposed in the housing. The housing may be adapted to be mounted to a fixture within a window, wall, ceiling, or any other structure and / or housing (e.g., a facility, building, or room) to perform various functions. Common components of the devices (e.g., a collection of devices) may include power conditioning components, circuitry (e.g., a processing unit), memory, and / or a network interface. The housing may include a mounting adapter that can be used to mount the assembly to at least a portion of a fixture, such as a window mullion. The housing may include one or more features required for optimal performance, such as (I) one or more openings for allowing (one or more) external environmental features to enter the housing, (II) electrical and / or electromagnetic (e.g., radio frequency) shielding, and / or (III) a heat exchanger (e.g., passive or active). For example, the housing may include one or more openings (e.g., holes) that facilitate air flow over the circuit boards. The housing may include a heat sink. A heat exchanger and / or shielding member may protect the circuitry from external influences and / or provide shielding between circuit boards enclosed in the housing. The housing may include an open body and a cover. The cover may include one or more openings (e.g., holes). The cover may snap into the open body to close the housing. The housing may include an opening for receiving a cable.

[0193] Figure 21AAn example of a hard surface 2101 (e.g., a tinted window) mounted (e.g., via hinges and / or adhesive) within a frame 2102 is shown. Frame 2102 includes vertical mullions 2103a and 2103b, and crossbars 2104a and 2104b (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullions). Two display configurations 2105a and 2105b are mounted (e.g., via hinges and / or adhesive) within frame 2102 and cover (e.g., entirely) the visible surface of hard surface 2101 (e.g., the usable surface of a panel, or the usable surface of a window such as a tinted window). Two controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E-) boxes) 2106a and 2106b are mounted in a portion of frame 2102 within upper crossbar 2104a (relative to the center of gravity toward which vector 2100 points). The circuitry in E-box 2106a (e.g., including a timing controller, network communication (e.g., a router), and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display structure 2105a via wiring 2109a. The circuitry in E-box 2106b is connected to display structure 2105b via wiring 2109b. Display connector 2108a extends from housing 2106a in the same downward direction. Display connector 2108b extends from housing 2106b in the same downward direction. Connectors 2108a and 2108b are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cable 2109a and the length from each E-box 2106a and 2106b to the corresponding display structure 2105a and 2105b are (e.g., substantially) the same and extend within a portion of frame 2102. E-box 2106a is configured to connect (e.g., via a connector) to power supply cable 2110a. The E-box 2106b is configured to connect (e.g., via a connector) to a power cable 2110b. At least one power cable providing power to the E-box circuit can be connected to its own power source. At least two power cables providing power to the E-box circuit can be connected to a single power source. Figure 21AAn example is shown in which two power cables 2110a and 2110b are connected to the same power source 2111. Power cables 2110a and 2110b extend from each of the E-boxes (e.g., substantially) perpendicular to the direction in which display connectors 2108a and 2108b extend from the E-box (e.g., the connectors extend to the same side of the E-box). Media wiring 2112a connects from a data source (e.g., a server) to circuitry housed in the E-box (e.g., a media circuit board) 2106b. Media wiring 2112b is connected to the E-box 2106a and (via the E-box 2106b) to cable 2112a and data source 2115. Media cables 2112a and 2112b can be connected to a media content provider server. The E-box can be operably connected (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network that is connected to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where the hard surface 2101 is a tintable window, any (e.g., all) E-boxes may be tinted, for example, via a media cable (e.g., 2112a and / or 2112b) or via a dedicated cable (e.g., 2112b). Figure 21A ) is operably connected to at least one controller that controls the tint level of the window.

[0194] Figure 21BAn example of a hard surface 2121 (e.g., a tinted window) mounted (e.g., via hinges and / or adhesive) within a frame 2122 is shown. Frame 2122 includes vertical mullions 2123a and 2123b, and crossbars 2124a and 2124b (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullions). Four display configurations 2125a, 2125b, 2125c, and 2125d are mounted (e.g., via hinges and / or adhesive) within frame 2122 and cover all visible surfaces of hard surface 2121 (e.g., the usable surface of a panel or window, such as a tinted window). Four controllers, housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2126a, 2126b, 2126c, and 2126d, are mounted within a portion of frame 2122 within upper crossbar 2124a (relative to the center of gravity, as indicated by vector 2120). The circuitry in E-box 2126a (e.g., including a timing controller, network, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display configuration 2125a via wiring 2129a. The circuitry in E-box 2126b is connected to display configuration 2125b via wiring 2129b. The circuitry in E-box 2126c (e.g., including a timing controller and media-related circuitry) is connected to display configuration 2125c via wiring 2129c. The circuitry in E-box 2126d is connected to display configuration 2125d via wiring 2129d. Display connector 2128a extends from housing 2126a in the same downward direction. Display connector 2128b extends from housing 2126b in the same downward direction. Display connector 2128c extends from housing 2126c in the same downward direction. Display connector 2128d extends from housing 2126d in the same downward direction. Connectors 2128a, 2128b, 2128c, and 2128d are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cable 2129a is (e.g., substantially) the same length from each E-box 2126a, 2126b, 2126c, and 2126d to the corresponding display structures 2125a, 2125b, 2125c, and 2125d and extends within a portion of frame 2102. E-box 2126a is configured to connect (e.g., via a connector) to power cable 2130a. E-box 2126b is configured to connect (e.g., via a connector) to power cable 2130b. E-box 2126c is configured to connect (e.g., via a connector) to power cable 2130c. E-box 2126d is configured to connect (e.g., via a connector) to power cable 2130d. At least one power cable that provides power to the E-box circuitry can be connected to its own power source. At least two or more power supply cables that supply power to the E-box circuit may be connected to one power source. Figure 21BAn example is shown in which four power cables 2130a, 2130b, 2130c, and 2130d are connected to the same power source 2131. Power cables 2130a, 2130b, 2130c, and 2130d extend from each E-box perpendicular to the direction in which display connectors 2128a, 2128b, 2128c, and 2128d extend from the E-box. Media wiring 2132a connects from a data source (e.g., a server) to circuitry housed in an E-box (e.g., a media circuit board) 2126d. Media wiring 2132b connects to E-box 2126c and (via E-box 2126d) to cables 2132a and data source 2135. Media wiring 2132c connects to E-box 2126b and (via E-boxes 2126d and 2126c) to cables 2132a and data source 2135. The media connection 2132d is connected to the E-box 2126a and (via E-boxes 2126d, 2126c, and 2126b) to the cable 2132a and the data source 2135. The media cables 2132a, 2132b, 2132c, and 2132d can be connected to a media content provider server. The E-box can be operably connected (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network that is connected to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where the hard surface 2121 is a tinted window, any (e.g., all) of the E-boxes can be connected, for example, via media cables (e.g., 2132a, 2132b, 2132c, and / or 2132d) or via a dedicated cable ( Figure 21B ) is operably connected to at least one controller that controls the tint level of the window.

[0195] Figure 22AAn example of hard surfaces 2221a and 2221b (e.g., tinted windows) mounted (e.g., via hinges and / or adhesive) within frames 2222a and 2222b is shown. Frames 2222a and 2222b include vertical mullions 2223 and crossbars 2224 (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullions). Two display configurations 2225a and 2225b are mounted within frame 2222a, and two display configurations 2225c and 2225d are mounted within frame 2222b and cover all visible surfaces of hard surfaces 2221a and 2221b (e.g., the usable surface of a panel or window such as a tinted window). Four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, and 2226d are mounted within a portion of frames 2222a and 2222b on the vertical sides of mullion 2223 (relative to the center of gravity toward which vector 2220 points). The circuitry within E-box 2226a (e.g., including the timing controller and media-related circuitry) is connected to display configuration 2225a via wiring 2229a. The circuitry within E-box 2226b is connected to display configuration 2225b via wiring 2229b. The circuitry within E-box 2226c (e.g., including the timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display configuration 2225c via wiring 2229c. The circuitry within E-box 2226d is connected to display configuration 2225d via wiring 2229d. Display connectors 2228a, 2228b, 2228c, and 2228d extend from respective housings 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, and 2226d in the same horizontal direction. Connectors 2228a, 2228b, 2228c, and 2228d are arranged to point in the same horizontal direction. Cables 2229a, 2229b, 2229c, and 2229d from each E-box 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, and 2226d to respective display structures 2225a, 2225b, 2225c, and 2225d are of (e.g., substantially) the same length and extend within portions of frames 2222a and 2222b. The E-box can be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where the hard surfaces 2221a and 2221b are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) E-boxes may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint level of those windows.

[0196] Figure 22BAn example of hard surfaces 2231a and 2231b (e.g., tinted windows) mounted (e.g., via hinges and / or adhesive) within frames 2232a and 2232b is shown. Frames 2232a and 2232b include vertical mullions 2233 and crossbars 2234 (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullions). Display structure 2235a is mounted within frame 2232a, and display structure 2235b is mounted within frame 2232b and covers all visible surfaces of hard surfaces 2231a and 2231b (e.g., the usable surface of a board, or a window such as a tinted window). Two controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2236a and 2236b are mounted in a portion of frames 2232a and 2232b within upper crossbar 2234 (relative to the center of gravity pointed by vector 2230). The circuitry in E-box 2236a (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display structure 2235a via wiring 2239a. The circuitry in E-box 2236b is connected to display structure 2235b via wiring 2239b. Display connectors 2238a and 2238b extend from respective housings 2236a and 2236b in the same downward direction. Connectors 2238a and 2238b are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cables 2239a and 2239b from each E-box 2236a and 2236b to respective display structures 2235a and 2235b are of (e.g., substantially) the same length and extend within portions of frames 2232a and 2232b. The E-box can be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network that is coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where the hard surfaces 2231a and 2231b are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) E-boxes may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint level of those windows.

[0197] Figure 23Examples of hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c (e.g., tinted windows) mounted within frames 2322a, 2322b, and 2322c are shown (e.g., via hinges and / or adhesives such as 2370). Frames 2322a, 2322b, and 2322c include vertical mullions 2323 and crossbars 2324 (also referred to as horizontal mullions). Four display configurations 2325a, 2325b, 2325c, and 2325d are mounted within frame 2322a, two display configurations 2325e and 2325f are mounted within frame 2322b, and two display configurations 2325g and 2325h are mounted within frame 2322c and can cover (e.g., substantially) all (or only a portion) of the visible surface (e.g., the visible surface of a panel or a window such as a tinted window) of the respective hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c. For example, surface 2380 of the tint-adjustable window is not covered by the display structure. Four controllers, housed within housings (E-boxes) 2326a, 2326b, 2326c, and 2326d, are mounted in a portion of frame 2322a within upper (relative to the center of gravity pointed by vector 2320) mullion 2323. The circuitry in E-box 2326a is connected to display structure 2325a via wiring 2329a. The wiring can be configured to transmit data and / or power (e.g., to a touchscreen). The circuitry in E-box 2326b is connected to display structure 2325b via wiring 2329b. The circuitry in E-box 2326c is connected to display structure 2325c via wiring 2329c. The circuitry in E-box 2326d is connected to display structure 2325d via wiring 2329d. Display connectors 2328a, 2328b, 2328c, and 2328d extend from respective housings 2326a, 2326b, 2326c, and 2326d in the same downward direction. Connectors 2328a, 2328b, 2328c, and 2328d are arranged to point in the same downward direction. Cables 2329a, 2329b, 2329c, and 2329d from each E-box 2326a, 2326b, 2326c, and 2326d to respective display structures 2325a, 2325b, 2325c, and 2325d are of the same length (e.g., substantially) and extend within a portion of frame 2322a. The E-box can be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where the hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c are one or more tintable windows, any (e.g., all) E-boxes may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint level of those windows.The controller housed within housing 2330 is mounted in a portion of frame 2322b within upper (relative to the center of gravity of vector 2320) vertical frame 2323. Circuitry within controller 2330 (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display configuration 2325e via connection 2329e. Circuitry within controller 2330 (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display configuration 2325f via connection 2329f. Circuitry within controller 2330 (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display configuration 2325g via connection 2329g. Circuitry within controller 2330 is connected to display configuration 2325h via connection 2329h. Cables 2329e, 2329f, 2329g, and 2329h are (e.g., substantially) the same length from controller 2330 to respective display structures 2325e, 2325f, 2325g, and 2325h and extend within portions of frames 2322b and 2322c. Controller 2330 can be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c are one or more tintable windows, any (e.g., all) of the controllers can be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint level of the windows.

[0198] Figure 24An example of a hard surface 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c (e.g., a tinted window) mounted (e.g., via hinges and / or adhesive) within a frame 2422a, 2422b, and 2422c is shown. The frames 2422a, 2422b, and 2422c include vertical mullions 2423 and crossbars 2424 (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullions). Four display configurations 2425a, 2425b, 2425c, and 2425d are mounted within the frame 2422a, two display configurations 2425e and 2425f are mounted within the frame 2422b, and two display configurations 2425g and 2425h are mounted within the frame 2422c and can cover all (or only a portion) of the visible surface (e.g., the visible surface of a board or a window such as a tinted window) of the respective hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c. Four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2426a, 2426b, 2426c, and 2426d are mounted within a portion of frame 2422a within upper (relative to the center of gravity indicated by vector 2420) mullion 2423. The circuitry within E-box 2426a (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display structure 2425a via wiring 2429a. The circuitry within E-box 2426b is connected to display structure 2425b via wiring 2429b. The circuitry within E-box 2426c (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display structure 2425c via wiring 2429c. The circuitry within E-box 2426d is connected to display structure 2425d via wiring 2429d. Cables 2429a, 2429b, 2429c, and 2429d are (e.g., substantially) the same length from each E-box 2426a, 2426b, 2426c, and 2426d to the corresponding display structure 2425a, 2425b, 2425c, and 2425d and extend within a portion of frame 2422a. The E-boxes can be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable devices within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c are one or more tintable windows, any (e.g., all) of the E-boxes can be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint level of those windows. The controller, housed within housing 2430, is mounted within a portion of frame 2422b within the upper (relative to the center of gravity indicated by vector 2420) mullion 2423. Circuitry in controller 2430 (eg, including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2425e via connection 2429e. Circuitry in controller 2430 is connected to display fabric 2425f via connection 2429f.Circuitry in controller 2430 (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display configuration 2425g via wiring 2429g. Circuitry in controller 2430 is connected to display configuration 2425h via wiring 2429h. Cables 2429e, 2429f, 2429g, and 2429h are (e.g., substantially) the same length from controller 2430 to respective display configurations 2425e, 2425f, 2425g, and 2425h and extend within portions of frames 2422b and 2422c. Controller 2430 can be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where the hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) of the controllers may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint level of the windows.

[0199] Figure 25An example of a hard surface 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c (e.g., a tinted window) mounted (e.g., via hinges and / or adhesive) within a frame 2522a, 2522b, and 2522c is shown. The frames 2522a, 2522b, and 2522c include vertical mullions 2523 and crossbars 2524 (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullions). Four display configurations 2525a, 2525b, 2525c, and 2525d are mounted within the frame 2522a, two display configurations 2525e and 2525f are mounted within the frame 2522b, and two display configurations 2525g and 2525h are mounted within the frame 2522c, and can cover all (or only a portion) of the visible surface (e.g., the visible surface of a board or a window such as a tinted window) of the respective hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c. Four controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2526a, 2526b, 2526c, and 2526d are mounted within a portion of frame 2522a within upper (relative to the center of gravity indicated by vector 2520) mullion 2523. The circuitry within E-box 2526a (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display structure 2525a via wiring 2529a. The circuitry within E-box 2526b is connected to display structure 2525b via wiring 2529b. The circuitry within E-box 2526c (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display structure 2525c via wiring 2529c. The circuitry within E-box 2526d is connected to display structure 2525d via wiring 2529d. Cables 2529a, 2529b, 2529c, and 2529d are (e.g., substantially) the same length from each E-box 2526a, 2526b, 2526c, and 2526d to the corresponding display structure 2525a, 2525b, 2525c, and 2525d and extend within a portion of frame 2522a. The E-boxes can be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable devices within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c are one or more tintable windows, any (e.g., all) of the E-boxes can be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint level of those windows. The controller, housed within housing 2530, is mounted within a portion of frame 2522b within the upper (relative to the center of gravity indicated by vector 2520) mullion 2523. Circuitry in controller 2530 (eg, including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2525e via connection 2529e. Circuitry in controller 2530 is connected to display fabric 2525f via connection 2529f.Circuitry in controller 2530 (e.g., including a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry) is connected to display configuration 2525g via wiring 2529g. Circuitry in controller 2530 is connected to display configuration 2525h via wiring 2529h. Cables 2529e, 2529f, 2529g, and 2529h are (e.g., substantially) the same length from controller 2530 to respective display configurations 2525e, 2525f, 2525g, and 2525h and extend within portions of frames 2522b and 2522c. Controller 2530 can be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where the hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) of the controllers may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint level of the windows.

[0200] In some embodiments, one or more controllers in a housing ((E)-box) provide functionality to one or more display configurations. The E-box can have a covering bracket that can be secured to a mounting bracket. The covering bracket and the mounting bracket can be mounted within a portion of a window frame and / or mounted to other structures. The E-box can have a length, a width, and a height. The length of the E-box can be at most 15 inches ("), 14", 13", 12", 11", or 10". The length of the E-box can be any value between the above values ​​(e.g., between about 15" and 10", e.g., about 12.5"). The width of the E-box can be at most 5 inches ("), 4", 3.5", 3", 2.5", 2", or 1.5". The width of the E-box can have any value between the above values ​​(e.g., between about 5" and 1.5", such as about 3.75". The height of the E-box can be at most 3", 2.5", 2", 1.5", or 1". The height of the E-box can have any value between the above values ​​(e.g., between about 3" and 1", such as 1.75". The E-box can include an analog-to-digital converter circuit board that can be mounted to one or both of the cover bracket and the mounting bracket. The circuit board can include terminals for connecting to a power source (e.g., an AC or DC power source) via a cable that provides power to the E-box, the circuit board can include at least one data input connector (e.g., a DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) that can receive data for display on an associated display structure, and can include at least one E-box connector (e.g., a DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) that At least one E-box connector can transfer data to another E-box. The E-box can include a controller board that can operably engage a circuit board. The controller board can include a timing controller, network components, and / or media-related circuitry. The timing controller can be used to precisely coordinate timing and change various positions (e.g., LEDs) in a display configuration. The controller board can include a connector that connects to a cable that can be connected to the display configuration. The cable can transmit data between the E-box and the display configuration. The connectors from the E-box to the display configuration (e.g., transmitting power and / or data) can extend from the E-box in the same direction, or they can extend from the E-box in different directions. For example, all power connectors from the E-box to the display configuration can extend in the same direction and emerge from the same side of the E-box and / or a PCB disposed therein. For example, all communication connectors from the E-box to the display configuration can extend in the same direction and emerge from the same side of the E-box and / or a PCB disposed therein.The power connector for supplying power from the PCB of the E-box to the display structure can be located on the same side of the PCB as the data connector for supplying power from the PCB of the E-box to the display structure (e.g., extending in the same direction, e.g., toward the display structure and away from the E-box). The data and / or power connector between the E-box and the display structure can be located on a first side of the E-box, the first side being angled (perpendicular) to a second side of the E-box, with the connector for input power cables located on the second side. The data and / or power connector between the E-box and the display structure can be located on a first side of the E-box, the first side being angled (perpendicular) to a third side of the E-box, with the connector for input data and / or media communication cables located on the third side. The connectors for (i) input power, (ii) input data (e.g., media) communication, and (iii) power and / or data for the display structure can be located on or off the same PCB. The E-box can be operably connected (e.g., wirelessly and / or wiredly) to a network, the network being connected to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. The E-box may have a unique network identifier (ID), for example, for communicating with at least one controller that controls the facility.

[0201] In some embodiments, multiple cables extend from the E-box to the display structure, and the cables are connected to circuitry in the E-box via connectors. The circuitry may be on one or more printed circuit boards (PCBs). The cables may be connected to the circuit boards via connectors. The connectors may connect multiple wires bundled into a cable. The number of connectors may be at least 2, 4, 6, or 8. The number of connectors may be an even number. The cables may have the same or different functions. The functions may include data transmission and / or power transmission (e.g., electricity). For example, a connector may connect a cable that transmits data from a PCB to the display structure. For example, a connector may connect a cable that transmits power from a PCB to the display structure. The connectors may form two groups of connectors. The components of the connector groups may be the same or different. For example, a connector group may include a data connector and a power connector. The corresponding arrangement of the connector types in the connector groups may follow mirror symmetry, inversion symmetry, and / or rotational (e.g., C2) symmetry. A reflector, rotation axis, and / or inversion point for applicable symmetrical operation may be provided between the two connector groups.

[0202] Figure 26An exploded view of an example controller in an enclosure (E-box) 2602 is shown. E-box 2602 has a cover bracket 2603, which is secured to a mounting bracket 2604. Cover bracket 2603 has a plurality of slots 2620 (e.g., for ventilation and / or heat exchange). Cover bracket 2602 and mounting bracket 2604 can be mounted within a portion of a window frame (not shown in this figure) or to other structures (e.g., fixtures). E-box 2602 includes an analog-to-digital converter circuit board 2605, which can be mounted to one or both of cover bracket 2603 and mounting bracket 2604. Circuit board 2605 may include terminals 2606 for connecting to a (e.g., AC) power cable to provide power to E-box 2602, at least one data input connector (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) 2607, which may receive data for display on an associated display structure, and at least one E-box connector (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) 2608, which may transmit data to another E-box. E-box 2602 includes a controller board 2610, which operably engages circuit board 2605. Controller board 2610 may include a timing controller and / or media-related circuitry. The timing controller may be used to (e.g., precisely) coordinate the timing to change different positions (e.g., LEDs) of a display structure. Circuit board (e.g., controller board) 2610 includes connectors (e.g., 2611) that connect to cables 2612a-f, which are connected to the display structures. Cables 2612a-f can transmit data and / or power between the E-box 2602 and the display structure. For example, some cables 2612a-f can transmit data, and some cables can transmit power. For example, the two outermost cables 2612c and 2612f can transmit power, and the four inner cables 2612e, 2612d, 2612a, and 2612b can transmit data. For example, the two innermost cables 2612d and 2612a can transmit power, and the four outer cables 2612e, 2612f, 2612c, and 2612b can transmit data. For example, the two middle cables 2612c and 2612b can transmit power, and the four other cables 2612d, 2612f, 2612c, and 2612a can transmit data. Two of the cables 2612a-f can transmit power, and four of the cables 2612a-f can transmit data. The connectors can extend in the same direction from the E-box, or can extend in different directions from the E-box. Figure 26In the example shown in FIG, connectors 2611 extend from E-box 2602 in the same direction. The connectors may extend from the E-box at right angles to the direction in which the (e.g., AC) power cables extend, or may extend at any other angle to the direction in which the power cables extend. The E-box may be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. The E-box may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller that controls the facility.

[0203] Figure 27A and Figure 27B The exploded view shows Figure 26 27. Various views of an assembled E-box 2702 are shown in FIG. E-box 2702 has a covering bracket 2703 secured to a mounting bracket 2704. Covering bracket 2702 and mounting bracket 2704 can be mounted within a portion of a window frame (not shown in this figure) or to another structure. E-box 2702 can have dimensions (e.g., as disclosed herein) for fitting within a structure (e.g., length 2730, width 2731, and thickness 2732). The structure can be any of the structures disclosed herein. E-box 2702 includes a (e.g., analog-to-digital converter) circuit board 2705, which can be mounted to one or both of covering bracket 2703 and mounting bracket 2704. Circuit board 2705 includes terminals 2706 for connecting to a (e.g., AC) power cable 2715 that provides power to E-box 2702; at least one data input connector (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) 2707 that can receive data for display on an associated display structure; and at least one E-box connector (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transmission) 2708 that transmits data via cable 2716, for example, to another E-box or a network. E-box 2702 includes a controller board 2710 that operably engages circuit board 2705. Controller board 2710 can include a timing controller and media-related circuitry. The timing controller can be used to precisely coordinate timing to change various positions (e.g., LEDs) in the display structure. Controller board 2710 includes a connector 2711 that connects to a cable 2712 that connects to the display structure. Cable 2712 can transmit data and / or power between E-box 2702 and the display structure.Connector 2711 extends from E-box 2702 in the same direction.

[0204] Figure 32An example of an exploded view of an E-box 3202 is shown. The E-box 3202 has a cover bracket 3203 that is secured to a mounting bracket 3204. The cover bracket 3202 and the mounting bracket 3204 can be mounted within a portion of a structure, such as a fixture, such as a window frame (not shown in this figure). The E-box 3202 can have dimensions consistent with fitting the E-box 3202 into a portion of a structure, or can have other dimensions greater or less than these dimensions (e.g., as disclosed herein). The E-box 3202 includes a circuit board 3205 (e.g., an analog-to-digital converter), which can be mounted to one or both of the cover bracket 3203 and the mounting bracket 3204. Circuit board 3205 may include one or more terminals 3206 for connecting to one or more (e.g., AC) power cables that provide power to E-box 3202 (e.g., via coaxial cables); at least one data input connector (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and / or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3207 that can receive data for display on an associated display structure; and at least one E-box connector (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and / or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3208 that can transmit data to another E-box and / or a network. E-box 3202 includes a (e.g., controller) circuit board 3210 that operably engages circuit board 3205. Circuit board 3210 may include a timing controller, networking components, and / or media-related circuitry. The timing controller can be used to precisely coordinate timing to change various positions (e.g., LEDs) in a display structure. Circuit board 3210 includes connectors 3211a-f that connect to cables (e.g., 3212), which in turn connect to the display structure. The cable 3212 can transmit data and / or power between the E-box 3202 and the display structure. The E-box 3202 can be operably connected (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network that is connected to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device of the facility. The E-box 3202 can have a unique network ID for communicating with the at least one controller that controls the facility.

[0205] Figures 33A to 33DVarious views of an E-box are shown. E-box 3302 has a cover bracket 3303 secured to a mounting bracket 3304. Cover bracket 3303 and mounting bracket 3304 can be mounted within a structure or portion thereof (e.g., a fixture such as a window frame (not shown in this figure)). E-box 3302 can have dimensions for mounting within a structure (e.g., having a length 3330, a width 3331, and a thickness 3332), such as any of the dimensions disclosed herein. E-box 3302 includes a first circuit board (e.g., an analog-to-digital converter), which can be mounted to one or both of cover bracket 3303 and mounting bracket 3304. The first circuit board includes one or more terminals (e.g., 3306) for connecting to a (e.g., AC) power cable (e.g., comprising a coaxial cable or twisted wire) that provides power to the E-box 3302; one or more data input connectors (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and / or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3307 that can receive data for display on an associated display structure; and one or more E-box connectors (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and / or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3308 that can transmit data to another E-box. The E-box 3302 includes a second (e.g., controller) circuit board 3305 that is operably coupled to the first circuit board. In some embodiments, the first and second circuit boards are one circuit board (e.g., and located on the same or different sides of the circuit board). In some embodiments, the first and second circuit boards are separate circuit boards separated by a distance that facilitates heat exchange and / or shielding (e.g., electrical and / or electromagnetic (e.g., radio frequency) shielding). The heat exchanger and / or shield can comprise a base metal or metal alloy. The heat exchanger can passively and / or actively exchange heat. The heat exchanger can include a heat pipe, a plate, or a mesh. The heat exchanger can include a heat sink. The second circuit board 3305 can include a timing controller, network components, and / or media related circuits. The timing controller can be used to precisely coordinate the timing and change various positions in the display structure (e.g., LEDs). Figures 33A to 33D In the example shown in FIG, the second circuit board includes one or more connectors 3311 connected to a cable 3312, which in turn is connected to the display structure. Cable 3312 can transmit data and / or power between the E-box 3302 and the display structure. Additional cables may be present connecting the E-box and the display structure (not shown). The E-box 3302 can be operably coupled (e.g., wirelessly and / or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. The E-box 3302 can have a unique network ID for communicating with the at least one controller that controls the facility.

[0206] Figures 34A to 34E Various example views of a circuit board 3405 are shown, which can be installed within an E-box. Circuit board 3405 can include: one or more terminals 3406 for connecting to an AC power cable that provides power to circuit board 3405; at least one data input connector (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and / or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3407 that can receive data for display on an associated display structure; and at least one E-box connector (e.g., DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and / or other types of connectors for data transmission) 3408 that can transmit data to another E-box. Circuit board 3405 can operably engage a controller board, which can include a timing controller and media-related circuitry, as well as connectors for connecting to cables that connect to the display structures.

[0207] In some embodiments, some devices, non-transitory computer-readable media, and / or methods described herein include techniques for passing a gas (e.g., air) through at least one layer of a tinted window. The tinted window may include an insulating glass unit, such as an IGU, with a tinted electrochromic coating sheet. The passage of the gas (e.g., air) may be for removing heat and / or reducing the heat load on, for example, the sheet, as well as any optically switchable devices (e.g., electrochromic coating) and / or other components (e.g., display structures) on the substrate of the sheet. Passing the gas (e.g., air) may be for removing heat via, for example, convection. Heat may be removed via conduction and / or radiation. In some embodiments, the gas that has been heated by and / or heated by the IGU sheet may be passed through, such as by pumping, pushing, and / or suction. The airflow may flow to the interior environment of a facility having the IGU sheet and / or to the exterior of the facility (e.g., a building). For example, the heated gas may be used to heat the interior of the facility. In some embodiments, the heated gas may be used to drive a turbine to generate electricity. The electricity thus generated may be stored in batteries on the forced-air window assembly.

[0208] In some embodiments, the forced air tunable (e.g., electrochromic) window may include two or more ventilation modules that are in communication with the interior space between the electrochromic sheet and the third sheet of the IGU subassembly. In some cases, one or more of these ventilation modules may include one or more air moving devices, such as one or more fans, for actively moving gas (e.g., air) through the interior space between the electrochromic sheet and the third sheet. In one case, the one or more air moving devices (e.g., fans) may include one of a bladed fan, a bladeless fan, or an air pump. In some cases, one or more air moving devices from the structure and outside the forced air tunable window may be configured to supply air to or output air from the one or more ventilation modules. In certain embodiments, the exhaust air may be used to generate electricity by rotating a turbine connected to a generator. The electricity generated may be stored in a battery, for example, in one of the ventilation modules. Examples of forced air tinted windows, their use, and their control can be found in PCT / US15 / 14453 (WO 2015 / 120045A1), entitled “Forced Air Smart Windows,” filed on February 4, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0209] Figure 28 An example of a display construction 2801 coupled to fasteners 2802 is shown, the display construction being framed by a sensor and emitter panel, such as 2803. The display construction is coupled (e.g., via Figure 28 2801 ). The E-box and power supply can be located adjacent to the display structure, or further away, for example, as provided herein (e.g., in a fixture cavity such as a window frame, or in a wall cavity). Fastener 2802 includes a hinge having a first blade 2821 and a second blade 2822, the first blade including a bracket and the second blade coupled via a knuckle and pivot arrangement. Fastener 2802 includes an air guide 2823 (partial view shown) that facilitates directional flow of air through a set of fans 2805 coupled to corresponding holes in blade portion 2821 (partial view shown). The air guide component is configured to attach a circuit board 2830 having a connector 2831 that attaches the circuit board to the display structure 2801. The circuit board may include a controller and / or driver board.

[0210] In some embodiments, the display configuration includes a touch screen function. In some embodiments, multiple display configurations can be arranged adjacent to each other (e.g., to form a display wall such as a video wall). The display configuration can be arranged in a matrix (also referred to herein as a group or set of display configurations). There may be a gap between two adjacent display configurations. The adjacent display configuration does not include another display configuration between them. The gap can be masked or not. The gap masking can include a flexible filler, such as a transparent polymer and / or resin. The flexible filler can include a carbon-based or silicon-based polymer or resin. The filler can include an optical grade material. By mixing at least two components, the filler can be polymerized and / or cured. At least one of the at least two components and / or the filler can have a viscosity of at least about 400 millipascal seconds (mPa*s), 1000 mPa*s, 2000 mPa*s, 3000 mPa*s, 5000 mPa*s, 6000 mPa*s, 7000 mPa*s, 8000 mPa*s, 9000 mPa*s, 10000 mPa*s, 25000 mPa*s, or 50000 mPa*s. The filler can have a density of at least about 0.9 grams per cubic centimeter (g / cm 3 )、0.95g / cm 3 , 0.97g / cm 3 , 0.98g / cm 3 or 0.99g / cm 3 The filler can have a low shrinkage after curing (e.g., a shrinkage of at most about 0.2%, 0.1%, or 0.5% per volume after curing relative to before curing). The filler can have a dielectric constant of at most about 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, or 2.9, and the dielectric constant of the filler can be between any of the above dielectric constants (e.g., from 2.5 to 2.9, or from 2.7 to 2.8). The filler can be optically transparent (e.g., to an average person). The filler can have a strength of at least 2 kilograms force per square centimeter (Kgf / cm 2 )、2.2Kgf / cm 2 、2.5Kgf / cm 2 、3Kgf / cm 2 、3.5Kgf / cm 2 、4.0Kgf / cm 2 、4.5Kgf / cm 2 、5.0Kgf / cm 2 、5.5Kgf / cm 2 or 6Kgf / cm 2The filler may have a light transmittance (e.g., visible light) of at least about 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.2%, 99.4%, or 99.5%. For example, at 25° C., 23° C., or 20° C., the filler may have a refractive index of at most about 1.9, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, or 1.3. For example, the filler may be Wacker Lumisil (WL) filler (e.g., WL 100, 200, or 300 series). The flexible filler can be configured to allow for expansion and / or contraction of the display (e.g., due to temperature changes). The flexible filler can be configured to bond adjacent displays to each other and / or to a structure. The structure can be a tinted window, a panel, or a wall. Mounting brackets and / or hinges can be secured to the display structure and can be mounted to the structure. The structure can include a frame or a wall section. The structure can include a fixture. The frame can include vertical mullions and horizontal mullions (crossbars). The fixture (e.g., a frame) can be mounted (e.g., bonded, fastened, and / or otherwise attached) to various surfaces (e.g., walls, panels, glass, and / or other mounting locations within a facility). In some embodiments, the display structure can be directly attached to the structure (e.g., a tinted window). Direct attachment can utilize a polymer and / or resin. Direct attachment can utilize bonding. The bonding can utilize an adhesive polymer and / or resin (e.g., as disclosed herein). The bonding material can have a state that is more ductile than another (e.g., rigid) state. The rigid state may be prevalent under ambient conditions. The ductile state may be under specific controllable conditions that are different from the ambient conditions. The change between the ductile and rigid states may be triggered by an external stimulus (e.g., heat, magnetic field, electric field and / or chemical stimulus). For example, the filler (e.g., adhesive polymer and / or resin) may be heat-sensitive. For example, the filler may be more ductile under non-ambient conditions (e.g., in a heated environment) and facilitate separation of (one or more) display structures from their supporting structure (e.g., for maintenance or replacement). The division between the display structures and / or touch screens in the group may be obscured, for example, due to the proximity of the display structures and the lack of an emitter-sensor panel between two adjacent display structures. A flexible filler may be provided between two adjacent display structures.

[0211] In some embodiments, the display structure can be fastened to a side bracket. The side bracket can be fastened to a structure (e.g., a fixture such as a frame portion or a wall). The side bracket can be fixed to the display structure (e.g., via adhesive and / or screws). The side bracket is operably coupled to at least one pair (e.g., two pairs) of emitter panels and sensor panels. A first sensor and emitter panel pair can be arranged orthogonally to a second sensor and emitter panel pair. The two orthogonal sensor and emitter panel pairs can facilitate operation of at least one touch screen.

[0212] In some embodiments, multiple display configurations are arranged to form a display configuration wall. The display configuration wall may or may not include touchscreen capabilities. For example, at least one (e.g., all) display configurations in the display configuration wall may have touchscreen capabilities. A touchscreen may be implemented using at least one pair of sensor and emitter panels. A touchscreen may include two orthogonal pairs of sensors and emitters, for example, in an orthogonal arrangement (e.g., as disclosed herein). The distance between an emitter panel and its sensor panel may span one or more display configurations. The display configurations may be arranged in a matrix arrangement (e.g., a display configuration set may be formed in a 2×2 display configuration). In some embodiments, at least one (e.g., each) display configuration in the group includes its own dedicated touchscreen, which has at least one (e.g., two) sets of sensor and emitter panels. In some embodiments, at least two display configurations in the group include their own dedicated touchscreen, which has at least one (e.g., two) sets of sensor and emitter panels. Signals from emitters in the emitter panel travel all the way to sensors in the sensor panel. If the signal does not reach the sensor, the touchscreen controller may interpret such interference as a touch on the touchscreen. Therefore, the path between the emitter and sensor should not be subject to unintentional interference.

[0213] In some embodiments, a display configuration and / or a set of display configurations is (e.g., substantially) planar. Tolerance for variations in flatness of a display configuration may be limited (e.g., to facilitate operation of a sensor-emitter panel positioned adjacent to the display configuration). Tolerance for variations in flatness between display configurations in the set may be limited (e.g., to facilitate operation of a sensor-emitter panel positioned adjacent to the set of display configurations). Variations in flatness toward a viewer may be stricter than variations in flatness away from the viewer. Variations in flatness may be stricter toward the side of the display configuration positioned adjacent to the touchscreen (e.g., where the sensor and emitter panels are positioned). For example, the display configuration may protrude toward the viewer and / or touchscreen by a predetermined distance or less. The display configuration may protrude from the viewer and / or touchscreen by more than the predetermined distance. The touchscreen may be configured to display data as if it were a single display configuration (e.g., a media packaged accordingly between displays in the set of displays so that each display in the set displays a portion of the screen image). A user may use a selector (e.g., a cursor and / or touchscreen) to control the multiple display configurations as if the set of display configurations were a single display. The tolerances may allow for a flatness deviation of at most about 100 micrometers (μm), 300 μm, 500 μm, 700 μm, or 900 μm for any display construction disposed between the sensor-emitter panels. The flatness deviation limit may be in a direction toward the sensor-emitter panel. The display construction may be a (e.g., slightly) concave, convex, or corrugated display (e.g., within the tolerances noted herein). The gap between two immediately adjacent displays may be at most about 0.1 inch ("), 0.2", 0.3", 0.4", or 0.5". The gap may be any value in between (e.g., from about 0.1" to about 0.5"). A display construction set may have a glass panel shared by multiple displays (e.g., TOLEDS). Each display construction may have a glass panel supporting a display (e.g., TOLED)

[0214] 29A to 29D Examples of various display configurations including touch screen functionality are shown. Figure 29A An example is shown of four displays (e.g., OLEDs) 2903a, 2903b, 2903c, and 2903d sandwiched between a front glass 2904 (which may be tempered) shared by the four displays and four back glass panels (e.g., 2905) each supporting a separate display. Together, the displays form a display construction set. Figure 29A and Figure 29BThe four displays in the display structure 2902 are arranged in a two-by-two matrix (also referred to herein as a group or set) with a gap (e.g., 2915) between two adjacent displays. The gap 2915 can be shielded (e.g., by a flexible filler such as a transparent polymer and / or resin disposed between the displays (e.g., to allow the displays to expand and contract due to temperature and / or to bond the display structure and / or glass panels together)). The sensor-emitter panel 2918 is secured to the display structure 2902 and mounted to the frame cap 2919. The display structure is secured to a structure with hinges (not shown), which is a window frame 2906 having vertical mullions 2907 and horizontal mullions 2908 (crossbars). The frame 2906 can be mounted (e.g., bonded) to various surfaces (e.g., walls, panels, glass, or other mounting locations within a facility). Bonding can be performed with an adhesive polymer and / or resin, which may or may not have a state that is more ductile than another (e.g., rigid) state that may be prevalent under environmental conditions. Figure 29A An example of a side frame cap 2910 is shown that is configured to secure a sensor-emitter panel to a display construction 2902 on a side 2920 of a display construction set, wherein the sensor and emitter panels are configured to operate as a touch screen. The set of displays 2903a-2903d has two sets of sensor-emitter panels that are perpendicular to each other and that interface with the set of display constructions (rather than interface with each of the displays). The tolerance for height differences between the displays 2903a-2903d in the display construction 2902 can be limited (e.g., no display can protrude from the sensor-emitter panels toward a viewer by at most a tolerance threshold (e.g., as disclosed herein)) so that signals from the emitters can reach sensors on opposite sides of the display construction set unimpeded (e.g., displays in the set cannot protrude toward a viewer by more than a tolerance threshold, but can be recessed away from the viewer by more than a tolerance threshold).

[0215] In some embodiments, a fastener is configured to couple a display structure to a support structure. The display structure may or may not be equipped with touchscreen functionality. The support structure may be a fixture. For example, the support structure may be a frame portion of a window (e.g., a tinted window). The structure may be any structure disclosed herein (e.g., a wall, an arch, a door frame, or any other structural frame). In some embodiments, the fastener comprises a hinge configured to allow (e.g., the coupled display structure) to rotate about its axis. The fastener may comprise a movable joint (e.g., a hinge). The fastener may allow at least one of its parts to swing about an axis. The fastener may comprise a mechanical bearing connecting two solid objects. At least one of the solid objects may swing about an axis (e.g., a pin, a pivot, or a rod, such as a cylindrical rod). The swinging motion may be a limited rotation angle between two solid parts (e.g., hinge blades). The angle may be up to approximately 270 degrees (°), 180°, 90°, 60°, 45°, or 30°. The angle may facilitate access to any circuits and / or (e.g., electrical) connectors coupled to the fastener. The angle can facilitate attachment and / or detachment of the display structure from the fastener. The angle can facilitate attachment and / or detachment of the fastener from the support structure. The fastener can include a barrel hinge, a butt hinge, a mortise hinge, a concealed hinge (e.g., a cup hinge or a Euro hinge), a continuous hinge (e.g., a piano hinge), a flag hinge, an H-shaped hinge, an HL-shaped hinge, a pivot hinge (e.g., a double-acting hinge), a self-closing hinge, a spring hinge, or a living hinge (e.g., a phaseless knuckle or pin). The rotation can be a hinge blade (e.g., anything attached to a hinge blade). The hinge axis can be the same material as the fastener body (e.g., the hinge blade) or a different material. For example, the hinge axis can be made of a harder material than the hinge body (e.g., the hinge blade). The hinge axis and / or the blade can include metal (e.g., a base metal or a metal alloy). The fastener can include a knuckle and / or an axis (e.g., a pin). The blade can extend from a set of knuckles that maintain the hinge axis. For example, the fastener may comprise two sets of knuckles and / or two pins. The knuckle may be part of the fastener blade (e.g., an integral part of the blade made from the same sheet of material). Any portion of the hinge may comprise a composite material (e.g., comprising carbon fiber). The hinge may comprise a ceramic material. The hinge may be made of a thermally conductive material such as a metal (e.g., copper and / or aluminum). The metal may comprise a base metal or a metal alloy. The hinge axis (e.g., the pivot) may be a durable material. The durable material may comprise stainless steel, titanium, flat steel, iron, Inconel, Hastelloy, Waspaloy, Rene alloy, Incoloy, MP98T, TMS alloy, or CMSX single crystal alloy. The durable material may comprise a super alloy (e.g., a high performance alloy).The hinge (e.g., any component thereof, such as its axis (e.g., pivot)) can comprise a durable material (e.g., a superalloy). The knuckle of the hinge can have a hollow cylindrical cavity (e.g., having a circular cross-section). The cavity can form a joint of the hinge through which the hinge axis is disposed. The knuckle of either blade can interlock and interlock with an axis (e.g., pivot) passing through the knuckle. The knuckle can form a closed cylindrical cavity. The knuckle can form an open cavity. Figure 37 An example of a hinge blade 3721 having a knuckle (e.g., 3781) forming a...

Claims

1. A system for media viewing, comprising: a tintable window having at least a whitened state and a tinted state; a display construction configured to display and / or manipulate electronic media, the display construction being disposed adjacent to and in registration with the tunable tint window such that, at least when the tunable tint window is in the whitened state, a user is able to view through (i) the display construction and (ii) the tunable tint window, the display construction being at least partially transparent; as well as A fastener configured to couple to the display structure, the fastener (I) being configured to facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) being configured to span at least thirty percent (30%) of a length of a side of the display structure, and (III) being configured to facilitate heat exchange, and / or (IV) comprising a plurality of hinges. 2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the fastener comprises a hinge configured to facilitate reversible access and restraint of the display circuitry.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the hinge is configured to facilitate servicing of the display structure.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises a control board and a power supply.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the shortest distance between the display structure and the power source is at least fifteen feet (15').

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the shortest distance between the control panel and the power source is at least five feet (5').

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the display configuration is coupled to one or more controllers and / or networks via coaxial cables.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the display matrix is ​​a high resolution or ultra high resolution display matrix.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the tunable color window is configured for color tint adjustment in conjunction with the media displayed by the display configuration.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the tunable tint window is configured to adjust the tint by taking into account the position of the sun, the time of day, the date, the geographic location of the housing in which the display configuration is disposed, weather conditions, the transmittance of light through the tunable tint window, and / or readings from one or more sensors.

11. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least one touch screen is disposed proximate to at least one display configuration, the at least one touch screen being disposed such that the at least one touch screen overlaps at least a portion of a viewing surface of the at least one display configuration.

12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the at least one display configuration is a plurality of display configurations, wherein each of the plurality of display configurations is configured to display a portion of a screen image, and wherein at least one controller is configured to adjust the media displayed on the plurality of configurations based at least in part on user tactile interaction with the at least one touch screen.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one touch screen is a plurality of touch screens including a first touch screen having a first side proximate to a second side of a second touch screen. The system of claim 13 , wherein the immediate vicinity is without another intervening touch screen.

15. The system of claim 13, wherein the first side is free of a first panel, and / or wherein the second side is free of a second panel.

16. The system of claim 11, wherein the at least one touch screen is configured to operably engage at least two sensor and emitter panels, the at least two sensor and emitter panels being arranged (a) parallel or substantially parallel to each other, and (b) at a distance from each other, with more than one of the at least one touch screen being arranged at the distance.

17. A device for controlling media viewing, the device comprising at least one controller, the at least one controller comprising a control circuit, the at least one controller being configured to: (a) operably coupled to a display construction, the display construction configured to display and / or manipulate electronic media, the display construction being positioned adjacent to and in registration with a tunable tint window such that a user can view through (i) the display construction and (ii) the tunable tint window, at least when the tunable tint window is in a whitened state, the display construction being at least partially transparent, the tunable tint window having at least one whitened state and one tinted state, the display construction (A) coupled to display circuitry wired to the display construction, the display circuitry being configured to be at least partially accessible during operation thereof and / or after installation thereof, and / or (B) coupled to a fastener configured to couple to the display construction and (I) facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) span at least thirty percent (30%) of a length of a side of the display construction, (III) facilitate thermal exchange, and / or (IV) include a plurality of hinges; and (b) controlling the display configuration or directing control of the display configuration.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the display circuitry comprises at least a portion of the control circuitry.

19. The device of claim 17, wherein the display structure is coupled to a hinge, the hinge configured to facilitate reversible access and restraint of the display circuitry.

20. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is part of a hierarchical control system.

21. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to diagnose the display configuration or to direct a diagnosis of the display configuration.

22. The device of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to compensate for operation of the display configuration or to direct compensation of operation of the display configuration.

23. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to (i) diagnose the display structure or direct diagnosis of the display structure to generate a diagnosis, and (ii) compensate for operation of the display structure or direct compensation of operation of the display structure by using the diagnosis.

24. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of a condition of a filter configured to filter the atmosphere.

25. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of a temperature of the display construction.

26. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to diagnose the display construction or direct diagnosis of the display construction at least in part by monitoring a temperature of the display construction or directing monitoring of a temperature of the display construction.

27. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein at least one controller is configured to use the temperature of the display construction to compensate for operation of the display construction or to direct compensation of operation of the display construction.

28. The device of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to monitor or direct monitoring of a status of one or more pixels of the display configuration.

29. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein at least one controller is configured to monitor operation of or direct monitoring of operation of at least one fan configured to operate in conjunction with the display structure.

30. An apparatus according to claim 17, wherein at least one controller is configured to diagnose the display structure or direct diagnosis of the display structure at least in part by monitoring the operation of at least one fan configured to operate in conjunction with the display structure or directing the monitoring of the operation of at least one fan configured to operate in conjunction with the display structure.

31. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to loop the display configuration or direct a loop of the display configuration after a predetermined time interval, wherein the looping of the display configuration includes modifying the displayed media over time so as to reduce degradation of one or more pixels of the display configuration.

32. A device according to claim 17, wherein the at least one controller is configured to be operably connected to at least one touch screen disposed near the display structure, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to adjust the media displayed on the display structure based at least in part on user tactile interaction with the at least one touch screen.

33. A method for controlling media viewing, comprising: displaying and / or manipulating electronic media on a display construction disposed adjacent to and in registration with a tunable tint window such that, at least when the tunable tint window is in a whitened state, a user can view through (i) the display construction and (ii) the tunable tint window, the display construction being at least partially transparent, the tunable tint window having at least one whitened state and one tinted state; and Using (A) display circuitry that is configured to communicate with the display structure, the display circuitry being configured to be at least partially accessible during operation thereof and / or after installation thereof, and / or using (B) fasteners that are configured to couple to the display structure and (I) facilitate access to at least a portion of the display circuitry, (II) span at least thirty percent (30%) of the length of a side of the display structure, and / or (III) exchange heat, and / or (IV) include multiple hinges.

34. The method of claim 33, further comprising diagnosing the display configuration to form a diagnosis.

35. The method of claim 33, further comprising adjusting the media displayed on the display construction based at least in part on user tactile interaction with at least one touch screen disposed proximate the display construction.

Images