Universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with locking mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism, comprising a handle housing (12), a surgical forceps head adapted to the handle housing (12), a handle opening and closing member (4) hinged to the handle housing (12), a handle core rod (11) adapted to the handle opening and closing member (4), and further comprising a steering mechanism and a locking mechanism. The present invention transforms the conventional straight-rod type surgical forceps into a surgical forceps capable of universal motion through structural improvements, and the present invention solves the operation problems encountered by doctors at some tricky angles during surgery through the mutual cooperation of the steering mechanism and the locking mechanism, and facilitates switching between modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Minimally invasive surgery has been widely promoted due to its small opening, small trauma and quick recovery, and is currently widely used in surgeries in various departments.

[0003] However, since the opening during surgery is small, the angle and position of the opening will change, and the range of movement of the surgical forceps in the human body is small, the doctor is often required to coordinate the angle of movement of the surgical forceps. This causes the doctor's hands to be at a certain twisted angle for a long time, and the doctor's hands are prone to numbness, which will affect the safety of the operation and the doctor's health. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism to address the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention provides a universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism, comprising a handle shell, a surgical forceps head, a handle opening and closing piece hinged to the handle shell, a handle core rod adapted to the handle opening and closing piece, and also comprising a steering mechanism and a locking mechanism; a limiting cavity is provided at one end of the handle shell, a limiting platform is provided on the outer wall of the limiting cavity, an opening is provided on one side of the limiting cavity, a limiting clamp ring is extended inwardly from the opening, a limiting baffle is provided on the other side of the limiting cavity, a core rod limiting hole is provided on the limiting baffle, and the handle core rod passes through the core rod limiting hole on the limiting baffle and is adapted to the handle opening and closing piece; the steering mechanism is adapted to the surgical forceps head, and the steering mechanism comprises a primary ball joint fixing part, a ball joint forceps head, a secondary ball joint fixing part and a ball joint fixing part provided on the ball joint forceps The pliers head core rod in the head; the first-level ball joint fixing part is a cover structure, and the first-level ball joint fixing part is provided with an opening corresponding to the ball joint pliers head, the aperture of the opening is larger than the outer diameter of the tubular pliers head, and the aperture of the opening is smaller than the diameter of the ball of the ball joint; the ball joint pliers head includes a tubular pliers head and a ball joint fixedly arranged at the end of the tubular pliers head; the ball joint is provided with a ball joint cavity that passes through and is connected to the tubular pliers head, and a core rod connecting part is provided in the ball joint cavity, and spherical grooves are provided at both ends of the core rod connecting part, and one end of the pliers head core rod and the handle core rod are both spherical ends, and the spherical ends are limited in the spherical grooves, and the other end of the pliers head core rod passes through the tubular pliers head to connect the surgical pliers head; the second-level ball joint fixing part is a tubular structure, and the tubular structure includes A connecting tube, a connecting tube 2 fixedly connected to the connecting tube 1, and a limiting tube fixedly connected to the connecting tube 2; the outer diameters of the connecting tube 1, the connecting tube 2 and the limiting tube decrease in sequence; the inner diameters of the connecting tube 2 and the limiting tube are equal, and a ball joint clearance cavity is provided on the inner side of the connecting tube 1; a limiting step is provided at the connection between the connecting tube 1 and the connecting tube 2; a limiting groove 1 is provided at the end where the connecting tube 2 is connected to the limiting tube; a limiting toothed ring is provided on the inner side of the tube wall of the connecting tube 2, and a plurality of clearance grooves are provided on the tube walls of the connecting tube 2 and the limiting tube, and the clearance groove passes through the limiting toothed ring; the first-level ball joint fixing part is fixedly connected to the connecting tube 1; the tubular clamp head is arranged through the opening, the ball joint is arranged in the ball joint clearance cavity, and the ball joint clamp head passes through the first-level ball The joint fixing piece cooperates with a connecting tube to form a limit; the limit clamp ring is clamped in a limit groove one, and one end of the secondary ball joint fixing piece forms a limit with the handle shell through the cooperation of the limit clamp ring and the limit groove one, and the end of the limit tube abuts against the limit baffle; the locking mechanism includes a hand pull piece, a secondary toothed piece, a primary spring, a secondary spring, a blocking piece provided in the inner cavity of the secondary ball joint fixing piece, and a primary toothed piece provided in the inner cavity of the secondary ball joint fixing piece; the hand pull piece includes a tubular cavity, a sandwich layer is provided in the tubular cavity, the inner wall length of the sandwich layer is smaller than the length of the outer wall of the sandwich layer, and a plurality of hand pull piece limit strips are provided on the inner wall of the sandwich layer; a claw is extended from the end of the hand pull piece limit strip; the end of the hand pull piece is adapted to the limit platform;The blocking member is a tubular structure, a blocking portion is provided at one end of the blocking member, a latch is provided on the side wall of the other end, the blocking member is provided with a yield channel corresponding to the handle core rod, the end of the latch is provided with a latch protrusion, and the end of the blocking portion is adapted to the end of the ball joint; the primary toothed member is an annular structure, a plurality of toothed limiting grooves are provided at one end of the primary toothed member, and a primary toothed ring is provided at the other end; the primary toothed member is sleeved on the blocking member, and the hand-pull member is sleeved on the secondary ball joint fixing member, and the hand-pull member limiting strip passes through the yield groove and forms a detachable fixed connection with the toothed limiting groove; the claw is adapted to the toothed limiting groove, and the primary toothed member and the hand-pull member form a detachable fixed connection with the toothed limiting groove and the claw; the inner wall of the tubular cavity, the interlayer, and the secondary ball joint fixing member A secondary spring accommodating chamber is formed between the outer wall of the component and the limiting collar, and the secondary spring is arranged in the secondary spring accommodating chamber; the secondary toothed component is a tubular structure, with a secondary toothed ring at one end and a step at the other end; the primary toothed ring is adapted to the secondary toothed ring; a plurality of toothed columns and open slots are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the secondary toothed component, the latches are adapted to the open slots, and the blocking component and the secondary toothed component form a detachable fixed connection through the cooperation of the latches and the open slots; the toothed columns are adapted to the limiting toothed ring and the giving slot respectively, and a primary spring accommodating chamber is formed between the step, the inner wall of the limiting tube, and the limiting baffle, and the primary spring is arranged in the primary spring accommodating chamber, and the length of the primary spring in the primary spring accommodating chamber is less than the free length of the primary spring.

[0006] The tubular pliers head and the ball joint of the present invention are integrally formed, or the tubular pliers head and the ball joint are fixedly connected by clamping, bonding adhesive layers or welding.

[0007] The ball joint of the present invention can be arranged in close contact with the side wall of the opening.

[0008] The primary ball joint fixing member of the present invention restricts the axial movement of the ball joint pliers head; under the action of external force, the ball joint pliers head rotates relative to the opening.

[0009] In the present invention, the secondary ball joint fixing component and the handle housing can rotate relative to each other under the action of external force.

[0010] The interlayer outer wall mentioned in the present invention is the inner wall of the tubular cavity.

[0011] Under the action of external force, the spherical end can rotate relative to the spherical groove; that is, one end of the pliers core rod and one end of the handle core rod are respectively rotatably connected to the core rod connector, and the rotation is universal rotation.

[0012] The universal minimally invasive surgical pliers with a locking mechanism of the present invention include a straight rod working mode and a universal working mode; when the secondary toothed part is stuck in the yield groove of the secondary ball joint fixing part, the front end face of the blocking part abuts against the rear end face of the ball joint of the ball joint pliers head, and the ball joint pliers head is locked, presenting the straight rod mode; when the secondary toothed part is stuck in the limiting toothed ring of the secondary ball joint fixing part, the front end face of the blocking part is away from the rear end face of the ball joint of the ball joint pliers head, and the ball joint pliers head is released, presenting the universal mode; the mutual switching between the straight rod working mode and the universal working mode is achieved by the following movement: under the action of external force, the hand pull part moves on the secondary ball joint fixing part toward the direction of the handle shell, and the hand pull part limiting bar drives the primary toothed part to move synchronously along the yield groove; the hand pull part and the secondary ball joint fixing part can It rotates synchronously as a whole and cannot perform relative rotational movement; during the above movement process, the primary toothed ring of the primary toothed part touches the secondary toothed ring of the secondary toothed part, and the primary toothed ring and the secondary toothed ring form a limit, and the primary toothed part drives the secondary toothed part to move toward the handle shell, and the blocking part also moves with the secondary toothed part; the primary spring is further compressed by the bottom surface of the step in the primary spring accommodating cavity, forming an increased restoring force; the secondary spring is compressed by the bottom surface of the interlayer in the secondary spring accommodating cavity, forming a restoring force; the toothed column of the secondary toothed part is stuck on the limit toothed ring or the give way groove on the inner side of the secondary ball joint fixing part; when the external force is released, the restoring force of the secondary spring and part of the restoring force of the primary spring give the hand-pulled part the force to return to the initial position, completing the conversion of the working mode.

[0013] The first-stage spring disposed in the first-stage spring accommodating chamber of the present invention is always in a compressed state, and exerts a force on the platform in the direction of the first-stage toothed member.

[0014] The core rod connector of the present invention is movably arranged in the ball joint cavity and is limited by the connection with the pliers head core rod and the handle core rod.

[0015] The other end of the forceps core rod of the present invention is connected to the surgical forceps, which is an opening and closing forceps, that is, the forward and backward movement is converted into angular rotation movement. The structure of the surgical forceps is the existing technology.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, a pin is fixedly arranged in the ball joint yield cavity, and a limiting groove two adapted to the pin is provided on the circumference of the ball joint; a ball joint limiting hole is provided on the cavity wall of the ball joint yield cavity corresponding to the maximum diameter of the cavity; one end of the pin is fixed on the ball joint limiting hole, and the other end is provided in the limiting groove two.

[0017] When the ball joint pliers head is not blocked by the blocking member, under the action of external force, the ball joint can rotate and reciprocate along the circumference of the limiting groove. At this time, the limiting groove slides back and forth relative to the pin. The ball joint can also rotate and reciprocate relative to the central axis of the pin or the maximum diameter of the cavity. The pin serves to limit the rotational reciprocating movement of the ball joint along the central axis of the secondary ball joint fixture.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pin and the limiting groove are tangent, or the pin is stuck in the limiting groove; the present invention limits the pin in the limiting groove through the assembly cooperation of the first-level ball joint fixing part, the ball joint and the connecting tube.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, there are at least two pins or limiting grooves.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the hand-pull piece further includes a handle fixed to the outer surface of the tubular cavity, and the handle is composed of a plurality of protrusions extending outward from the tubular cavity; there is at least one handle.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, there are at least three handles.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the hand-pull piece limiting strip is formed by extending the tubular cavity inward; and at least one hand-pull piece limiting strip is provided.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the hand-pull piece limiting strip is formed by extending the tubular cavity inward; and at least three hand-pull piece limiting strips are provided.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, a cover ring is extended outward from the tubular cavity, and the cover ring is sleeved outside the primary ball joint fixing component to enhance protection.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the tube wall at one end of the blocking member is cut to form a latch tongue; the latch tongue can further stabilize the connection state.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, at least one of the hand-pull member limiting strip, toothed limiting groove or hand-pull member giving way groove is provided.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, at least three of the hand-pull member limiting bars, tooth-shaped limiting grooves or hand-pull member giving way grooves are provided.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, in order to further stabilize the connection, the hand-pull member limit bar and the primary toothed member are both made of magnetic material; as a further improvement of the present invention, the end of the blocking part is provided with a clearance opening, the clearance opening is provided with a limit plug, and the blocking part and the limit plug are provided with a clearance channel corresponding to the handle core rod.

[0029] As a further improvement of the present invention, the distance a between the limit platform and the opening, the difference b between the outer wall length of the interlayer and the inner wall length of the interlayer, and the smaller value between the distance a and the difference b is the sliding distance of the hand pull member in the secondary ball joint fixing member.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, at least one primary spring or secondary spring is provided; as a further improvement of the present invention, several primary springs or secondary springs are provided; as a further improvement of the present invention, a handle opening and closing piece groove is provided on the handle opening and closing piece, and one end of the handle core rod is provided in the handle opening and closing piece groove. Under the action of external force, the handle opening and closing piece moves around the hinge point on the handle shell, driving the handle core rod to move back and forth, thereby driving the core rod connecting piece and the forceps core rod to move back and forth, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the surgical forceps head.

[0031] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cross section of the groove of the handle opening and closing piece is a circle including a clearance gap.

[0032] As a further improvement of the present invention, a secondary circular groove is provided downwardly on the bottom surface of the groove of the handle opening and closing piece.

[0033] As a further improvement of the present invention, through the cooperation of the card slot on the hand pull piece and the give way slot on the secondary ball joint fixing piece, the hand pull piece can move axially back and forth on the secondary ball joint fixing piece, but cannot rotate relatively, so that when the hand pull piece is rotated, the internal parts will rotate together, and when the hand pull piece is driven by external force, the primary toothed piece will be driven to move toward the direction of the handle shell. The primary toothed piece collides with the secondary toothed piece during movement, driving the secondary toothed piece to move toward the direction of the handle shell, completing the conversion between the two working modes; the primary spring is used to push the secondary toothed piece forward, and the blocking piece supports the tail of the ball joint so that the ball joint cannot move or the secondary toothed piece is stuck on the secondary ball joint fixing piece; the secondary spring is located on the front end face of the handle shell, and is used to reset the hand pull piece; as a further improvement of the present invention, the blocking ring is adapted to the end of the ball joint cavity.

[0034] As a further improvement of the present invention, a blocking ring is provided on the outer side surface of the blocking portion, and the outer diameter of the blocking ring is not larger than the inner diameter of the connecting two pipes and not smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting toothed ring.

[0035] As a further improvement of the present invention, the core rod connector includes a cylinder, which is composed of two semi-cylinders. The two semi-cylinders are fixedly connected, and the two ends of the inner sides of the semi-cylinders are respectively provided with hemispherical grooves.

[0036] During assembly, the present invention places the spherical ends of the pliers head core rod and the handle core rod in the hemispherical grooves of the core rod connector respectively, then closes the semi-cylinders and fixes the two semi-cylinders together to form a spherical groove, so that the spherical ends are confined in the spherical grooves, that is, one end of the pliers head core rod and one end of the handle core rod are each confined in a spherical groove. Under the action of external force, the spherical ends can rotate relative to the spherical groove, that is, the pliers head core rod or the handle core rod can perform universal rotation relative to the spherical groove.

[0037] As a further improvement of the present invention, the two semi-cylinders are fixedly connected by welding, or pin fixing holes are provided on the semi-cylinders, and the two semi-cylinders are fixedly connected by the cooperation of the connecting pin and the pin fixing hole.

[0038] As a further improvement of the present invention, the core rod connector further includes two annular stoppers fixedly connected to the cylinder; the annular stoppers are sleeved and fixed to the ends of the cylinder, which can further stabilize the connection between the two semi-cylinders.

[0039] As a further improvement of the present invention, a fixing ring is provided in the middle of the cylinder; the fixing ring is composed of two semi-ring bodies, which are fixed in the middle of the semi-cylinder and fixedly connected to each other.

[0040] As a further improvement of the present invention, the two semi-cylinders or the two semi-rings are fixedly connected by welding, or the semi-cylinders and the semi-rings are provided with through pin fixing holes, and the pin fixing holes are adapted to the connecting pins; the two semi-cylinders or the two semi-rings are fixedly connected by the cooperation of the connecting pins and the pin fixing holes.

[0041] As a further improvement of the present invention, the annular limiter is fixedly connected to the end of the cylinder and the fixing ring by welding, and the semi-cylinder and the semi-ring are fixedly connected by integral molding or welding.

[0042] During assembly, the spherical ends of the pliers head core rod and the handle core rod are respectively placed in the hemispherical grooves of the core rod connector, and then the semi-cylinders are closed, and then the connecting pins are passed through the pin fixing holes to form a first layer of limiting fixation. The semi-cylinders are closed into a cylinder, and then the annular limiting piece is sleeved on the end of the cylinder and fit with the fixing ring. The annular limiting piece, the end of the cylinder and the fixing ring are fixedly connected by welding.

[0043] As a further improvement of the present invention, the limiting toothed ring includes complete limiting teeth and incomplete teeth formed by the clearance grooves; the number of teeth of the primary toothed ring: the number of teeth of the complete limiting teeth of the limiting toothed ring: the number of clearance grooves = 2:1:1; the number of teeth of the primary toothed ring: the number of tooth columns: the number of teeth of the secondary toothed ring = 2:1:1.

[0044] The teeth of the primary gear ring cooperate with the teeth of the secondary gear ring to allow the secondary gear part to rotate. When the secondary gear part rotates, if the gear column is limited by the complete limiting teeth of the limiting gear ring on the secondary ball joint fixing part, then the gear column will fall into the give way groove for limitation during the next rotation.

[0045] As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of teeth of the primary gear ring is at least four.

[0046] As a further improvement of the present invention, the teeth of the primary gear ring are equal to the heights of the teeth of the secondary gear ring.

[0047] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle of the tooth tip of the limiting tooth ring is not greater than 60°, the angle of the tooth tip of the tooth column is not greater than 40°, and the angle of the tooth tip of the first-level tooth ring is not greater than 120°.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0049] The present invention changes the straight-rod surgical forceps in the prior art into surgical forceps capable of universal motion through structural improvements. The present invention also solves the operation problems encountered by doctors at some tricky angles during surgery through the cooperation of the steering mechanism and the locking mechanism, and facilitates switching between modes.

[0050] The present invention divides traditional straight-rod surgical forceps into two parts: an operating part and an actuator. A ball joint capable of universal motion is added to the tail of the actuator, i.e., the tubular forceps head. A locking mechanism is added to one end of the ball joint. The locking mechanism is used to control the movement of the ball joint, thereby achieving the goal of controlling whether the actuator is fixed or capable of universal motion.

[0051] The present invention provides a core rod connector with spherical grooves at both ends, which respectively connect the pliers head core rod and the handle core rod. Under the action of external force, the pliers head core rod can rotate with the tubular pliers head relative to the core rod connector and the handle core rod. That is, through the structural design of the core rod connector, forces at different angles can be transmitted, that is, the pliers head core rod can be bent relative to the core rod connector and the handle core rod.

[0052] The locking mechanism of the present invention can lock and unlock the ball joint when the handle is pulled backward continuously, and the mode switching during operation is relatively simple.

[0053] The structural design of the present invention is reasonable, detachable, and easy to disinfect, which can meet the disinfection requirements of medical devices. Furthermore, the present invention is provided with a pin and a limiting groove, which limits the ball joint to rotate and reciprocate along the circumference of the limiting groove. At this time, the limiting groove, that is, the ball joint, slides back and forth relative to the pin. The limiting groove can also be used as a reference. The above process is that the pin slides back and forth in the limiting groove; the ball joint can also rotate and reciprocate relative to the central axis of the pin or the maximum diameter of the cavity. The function of the pin is to limit the rotational reciprocating motion of the ball joint along the central axis of the secondary ball joint fixture, which can limit the self-rotation of the ball joint during use by the doctor.

[0054] The present invention includes two actions, locking and unlocking, rather than a single mode that requires manual unlocking, which can meet the needs of doctors and is suitable for promotion.

[0055] The present invention changes the straight-rod surgical forceps in the prior art into surgical forceps capable of universal motion through structural improvements. The present invention also solves the operation problems encountered by doctors at some tricky angles during surgery through the cooperation of the steering mechanism and the locking mechanism, and facilitates switching between modes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism.

[0058] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Partial structural cross-sectional view.

[0059] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the matching of the handle housing and the handle opening and closing member.

[0060] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the primary ball joint fixing part, the ball joint clamp head, and the secondary ball joint fixing part.

[0061] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the blocking member, the primary toothed member, and the secondary toothed member.

[0062] Figure 7 It is a partial schematic diagram of the handle opening and closing part.

[0063] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a hand pull piece.

[0064] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the hand-pull part and the primary toothed part.

[0065] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure in another direction.

[0066] Figure 11 for Figure 9 sectional view of .

[0067] Figure 12 It is a structural diagram of the primary toothed component.

[0068] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure in another direction.

[0069] Figure 14 It is a structural diagram of the secondary ball joint fixing component.

[0070] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure in another direction.

[0071] Figure 16 for Figure 14 Schematic cross-section diagram.

[0072] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary toothed component.

[0073] Figure 18 for Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure in another direction.

[0074] Figure 19 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the ball joint and the secondary ball joint fixing part.

[0075] Figure 20 This is a structural diagram of the ball joint and the secondary ball joint fixing component from another direction.

[0076] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the pliers head core rod, the core rod connector and the handle core rod.

[0077] Figure 22 A cross-sectional view of a ball joint pliers head.

[0078] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the structure of the core rod connector.

[0079] Figure 24 A cross-sectional view of the core rod connector.

[0080] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of the structure of a semi-cylinder and a semi-ring.

[0081] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-cylinder and semi-ring in another direction.

[0082] In the figure: 1-first-level ball joint fixing part, 2-ball joint pliers head, 201-tubular pliers head, 202-ball joint, 2021-limiting groove 2, 2022-ball joint cavity, 3-handle, 301-tubular cavity, 302-handle limit strip, 3021-claw, 303-handle, 304-cover ring, 305-interlayer, 4-handle opening and closing part, 401-handle opening and closing part Groove, 5-clamp head mandrel, 6-mandrel connector, 601-spherical groove, 6011-hemispherical groove, 602-cylinder, 6021-semi-cylinder, 603-annular limiter, 604-fixing ring, 6041-semi-ring, 605-pin fixing hole, 7-blocking piece, 701-tab, 702-blocking ring, 703-blocking part, 704-limiting plug, 8-first-level tooth Parts, 801-toothed limiting groove, 802-first-level toothed ring, 9-secondary ball joint fixing parts, 901-connecting a pipe, 9011-ball joint giving cavity, 9012-limiting step, 9013-ball joint limiting hole, 9014-pin, 902-connecting two pipes, 9021-limiting groove one, 9022-limiting toothed ring, 903-limiting pipe, 904-giving groove, 10 -Secondary toothed part, 1001-secondary toothed ring, 1002-step, 1003-toothed column, 1004-opening groove, 11-handle core rod, 12-handle housing, 1201-limiting cavity, 1202-limiting clamping ring, 1203-limiting baffle, 1204-core rod limiting hole, 1205-limiting platform, 13-first stage spring, 14-secondary spring, 15-spherical end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0084] Example 1

[0085] The present invention provides a universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism, comprising a handle housing 12, a surgical forceps head, a handle opening and closing member 4 hinged to the handle housing 12, a handle core rod 11 adapted to the handle opening and closing member 4, and further comprising a steering mechanism and a locking mechanism;

[0086] A limiting cavity 1201 is provided at one end of the handle housing 12, and a limiting platform 1205 is provided on the outer wall of the limiting cavity 1201. An opening is provided on one side of the limiting cavity 1201, and a limiting collar 1202 extends inward from the opening. A limiting baffle 1203 is provided on the other side of the limiting cavity, and a core rod limiting hole 1204 is provided on the limiting baffle 1203. The handle core rod 11 passes through the core rod limiting hole 1204 on the limiting baffle 1203 and adapts to the handle opening and closing member 4;

[0087] The steering mechanism is adapted to the surgical forceps head, and includes a primary ball joint fixing part 1, a ball joint forceps head 2, a secondary ball joint fixing part 9, and a forceps head core rod 5 passing through the ball joint forceps head 2;

[0088] The first-level ball joint fixing part 1 is a cover structure. The first-level ball joint fixing part 1 is provided with an opening corresponding to the ball joint pliers head 2. The aperture of the opening is larger than the outer diameter of the tubular pliers head 201 and smaller than the diameter of the ball of the ball joint 202.

[0089] The ball joint pliers head 2 includes a tubular pliers head 201 and a ball joint 202 fixedly arranged at the end of the tubular pliers head 201; the ball joint 202 is provided with a ball joint cavity that passes through and communicates with the tubular pliers head 201, and a core rod connector 6 is provided in the ball joint cavity (2022). The core rod connector 6 has spherical grooves 601 at both ends. One end of the pliers head core rod 5 and the handle core rod 11 are both spherical ends 15, and the spherical end 15 is confined in the spherical grooves 601. The other end of the pliers head core rod 5 passes through the tubular pliers head 201 and is connected to the surgical pliers head;

[0090] Under the action of external force, the spherical end portion 15 can rotate relative to the spherical groove 601; that is, one end of the pliers core rod 5 and one end of the handle core rod 11 are respectively connected to the core rod connector 6 in a rotational manner, and the rotation is a universal rotation;

[0091] The secondary ball joint fixing member 9 is a tubular structure, which includes a connecting tube 901, a connecting tube 902 fixedly connected to the connecting tube 901, and a limiting tube 903 fixedly connected to the connecting tube 902; the outer diameters of the connecting tube 901, the connecting tube 902 and the limiting tube 903 decrease in sequence; the inner diameters of the connecting tube 902 and the limiting tube 903 are equal, and a ball joint clearance cavity 9011 is provided on the inner side of the connecting tube 901; a limiting step 9012 is provided at the connection between the connecting tube 901 and the connecting tube 902; a limiting groove 9021 is provided at the end where the connecting tube 902 and the limiting tube 903 are connected; a limiting toothed ring 9022 is provided on the inner side of the tube wall of the connecting tube 902, and a plurality of clearance grooves 904 are provided on the tube walls of the connecting tube 902 and the limiting tube 903, and the clearance grooves 904 pass through the limiting toothed ring 9022;

[0092] The first-level ball joint fixing member 1 is fixedly connected to the connecting tube 901; the tubular pliers head 201 is set through the opening, the ball joint 202 is set in the ball joint clearance cavity 9011, and the ball joint pliers head 2 is limited by the cooperation between the first-level ball joint fixing member 1 and the connecting tube 901;

[0093] The limiting collar 1202 is clamped in the limiting groove 1 9021. One end of the secondary ball joint fixing member 9 is limited by the cooperation between the limiting collar 1202 and the limiting groove 1 9021 and the handle housing 12. The end of the limiting tube 903 abuts against the limiting baffle 1203.

[0094] The locking mechanism includes a hand-pull member 3, a secondary toothed member 10, a primary spring 13, a secondary spring 14, a blocking member 7 provided in the inner cavity of the secondary ball joint fixing member 9, and a primary toothed member 8 provided in the inner cavity of the secondary ball joint fixing member 9;

[0095] The handle 3 includes a tubular cavity 301, in which an interlayer 305 is provided. The inner wall of the interlayer 305 is shorter than the outer wall of the interlayer 305, and a plurality of handle limit strips 302 are provided on the inner wall of the interlayer 305. A claw 3021 extends from the end of the handle limit strip 302. The end of the handle 3 is adapted to the limit platform 1205 to form a limit.

[0096] The blocking member 7 is a tubular structure, with a blocking portion 703 provided at one end of the blocking member 7 and a latching tongue 701 provided on the side wall of the other end. The blocking member 7 is provided with a clearance channel corresponding to the handle core rod 11, and a latching tongue protrusion is provided at the end of the latching tongue 701. The end of the blocking portion 703 is adapted to the end of the ball joint 202.

[0097] The primary toothed member 8 is an annular structure, with a plurality of toothed limiting grooves 801 provided at one end thereof and a primary toothed ring 802 provided at the other end thereof; the primary toothed member 8 is sleeved on the blocking member 7, and the hand-pull member 3 is sleeved on the secondary ball joint fixing member 9; the hand-pull member limiting strip 302 passes through the clearance groove 904 and forms a detachable fixed connection with the toothed limiting groove 801; the claw 3021 is adapted to the toothed limiting groove 801, and the primary toothed member 8 and the hand-pull member 3 form a detachable fixed connection through the toothed limiting groove 801 and the claw 3021;

[0098] A secondary spring accommodating cavity is formed between the inner wall of the tubular cavity 301, the interlayer 305, the outer wall of the secondary ball joint fixing member 9 and the limiting collar 1202, and the secondary spring 14 is arranged in the secondary spring accommodating cavity;

[0099] The secondary toothed member 10 is a tubular structure, with a secondary toothed ring 1001 at one end and a step 1002 at the other end. The primary toothed ring 802 is adapted to fit within the secondary toothed ring 1001. A plurality of toothed columns 1003 and aperture slots 1004 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the secondary toothed member 10. The latching tongue 701 fits within the aperture slots 1004. The blocking member 7 and the secondary toothed member 10 are detachably fixedly connected by the latching tongue 701 and the aperture slots 1004.

[0100] The toothed column 1003 is matched with the limiting toothed ring 9022 and the clearance groove 904 respectively.

[0101] A first-level spring accommodating cavity is formed between the step 1002 , the inner wall of the limiting tube 903 , and the limiting baffle 1203 . The first-level spring 13 is arranged in the first-level spring accommodating cavity. The length of the first-level spring 13 in the first-level spring accommodating cavity is less than the free length of the first-level spring 13 .

[0102] Under the action of external force, the ball joint pliers head 2 rotates relative to the opening, and under the action of external force, the secondary ball joint fixing member 9 and the handle housing 12 can rotate relative to each other;

[0103] The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism of the present invention includes a straight rod working mode and a universal working mode;

[0104] When the secondary toothed member 10 is stuck in the clearance groove 904 of the secondary ball joint fixing member 9, the front end surface of the blocking member 7 abuts against the rear end surface of the ball joint of the ball joint pliers head 2, and the ball joint pliers head 2 is locked, presenting a straight rod mode;

[0105] When the secondary toothed member 10 is stuck in the limiting toothed ring 9022 of the secondary ball joint fixing member 9, the front end surface of the blocking member 7 is away from the rear end surface of the ball joint of the ball joint pliers head 2, and the ball joint pliers head 2 is released, presenting a universal mode;

[0106] The switching between the straight rod working mode and the universal working mode of the present invention is achieved by the following movements:

[0107] Under the action of external force, the hand-pull member 3 moves on the secondary ball joint fixing member 9 toward the handle housing 12, and the hand-pull member limit strip 302 drives the primary toothed member 8 to move synchronously along the clearance groove 904; the hand-pull member 3 and the secondary ball joint fixing member 9 can rotate synchronously as a whole and cannot rotate relative to each other;

[0108] During the above movement, the primary toothed ring 802 of the primary toothed member 8 contacts the secondary toothed ring 1001 of the secondary toothed member 10, and the primary toothed ring 802 and the secondary toothed ring 1001 form a limit, and the primary toothed member 8 drives the secondary toothed member 10 to move toward the handle housing 12, and the blocking member 7 also moves with the secondary toothed member 10;

[0109] The primary spring 13 is further compressed by the bottom surface of the step 1002 in the primary spring accommodating cavity, thereby generating an increased restoring force. The secondary spring 14 is compressed by the bottom surface of the interlayer 305 in the secondary spring accommodating cavity, thereby generating a restoring force. The toothed column 1003 of the secondary toothed member 10 is clamped on the limiting toothed ring 9022 or the clearance groove 904 inside the secondary ball joint fixing member 9.

[0110] When the external force is released, the restoring force of the secondary spring and part of the restoring force of the primary spring 13 provide the hand-pull member 3 with the force to return to the initial position, completing the conversion of the working mode.

[0111] The first-stage spring 13 disposed in the first-stage spring accommodating chamber of the present invention is always in a compressed state, which will give the step 1002 a force in the direction of the first-stage toothed member 8.

[0112] Example 2

[0113] The rest is consistent with the scheme of Example 1. A pin 9014 is fixedly set in the ball joint clearance cavity 9011, and a limiting groove 2021 that is compatible with the pin 9014 is provided on the circumference of the ball joint 202; the ball joint clearance cavity 9011 is provided with a ball joint limiting hole 9013 on the cavity wall corresponding to the maximum diameter of the cavity; one end of the pin 9014 is fixed on the ball joint limiting hole 9013, and the other end is set in the limiting groove 2021.

[0114] When the ball joint pliers head is not blocked by the blocking member, under the action of external force, the ball joint 202 can rotate and reciprocate along the circumference of the second limiting groove 2021. At this time, the second limiting groove 2021 slides back and forth relative to the pin 9014. The ball joint 202 can also rotate and reciprocate relative to the central axis of the pin 9014 or the maximum diameter of the cavity. The pin serves to limit the rotational reciprocating movement of the ball joint 202 along the central axis of the secondary ball joint fixing member 9.

[0115] like Figure 20 As shown, the ball joint 202 can move around the center of the ball in the upper, lower, left, and right directions as shown in the figure, but cannot move clockwise or counterclockwise as shown in the figure. That is, the pin 9014 restricts the ball joint 202 from moving clockwise or counterclockwise as shown in the figure.

[0116] Example 3

[0117] The rest is consistent with the solution of Example 2, the pin 9014 and the second limiting groove 2021 are tangent, or the pin 9014 is stuck in the second limiting groove 2021;

[0118] In the present invention, the pin 9014 is limited in the second limiting groove 2021 through the assembly and coordination of the first-level ball joint fixing member 1, the ball joint 202 and the first connecting tube 901.

[0119] Example 4

[0120] The rest is consistent with the solution of Example 2 or 3, and there are at least two pins 9014 or two limiting grooves 2021.

[0121] Example 5

[0122] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-4. The hand pull member 3 also includes a handle 303 fixed to the outer surface of the tubular cavity 301. The handle 303 is composed of several protrusions extending outward from the tubular cavity 301; there is at least one handle 303.

[0123] Example 6

[0124] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-5. The hand-pull piece limiting strip 302 is formed by the tubular cavity 301 extending inward; there is at least one hand-pull piece limiting strip 302.

[0125] Example 7

[0126] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-6. A cover ring 304 extends outward from the tubular cavity 301, and the cover ring 304 is sleeved outside the primary ball joint fixing component 1 to enhance protection.

[0127] Example 8

[0128] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-7, and the tube wall at one end of the blocking member 7 is cut to form a latch tongue; the latch tongue can further stabilize the connection state.

[0129] Example 9

[0130] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-8, and at least one of the hand-pull member limiting strip 302, the tooth-shaped limiting groove 801 or the hand-pull member giving way groove 904 is provided.

[0131] Example 10

[0132] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-9. To further stabilize the connection, the hand pull member limit strip and the primary toothed member are both made of magnetic materials. Example

[0133] The rest is consistent with any of the schemes of Examples 1-10, the end of the blocking part 703 is provided with a clearance opening, the clearance opening is provided with a limit plug 704, and the blocking part 703 and the limit plug 704 are provided with a clearance channel corresponding to the handle core rod 11.

[0134] Example 12

[0135] The rest are consistent with any of the schemes in Examples 1-11, namely, the distance a between the limit platform and the opening, the difference b between the outer wall length of the interlayer 305 and the inner wall length of the interlayer 305, and the smaller value between the distance a and the difference b is the sliding distance of the hand pull member in the secondary ball joint fixing member.

[0136] Example 13

[0137] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-12, and at least one of the primary spring 13 or the secondary spring 14 is provided. Example

[0138] The rest is consistent with any of the schemes of Examples 1-13. As a further improvement of the present invention, a handle opening and closing member groove 401 is provided on the handle opening and closing member 4, and one end of the handle core rod 11 is provided in the handle opening and closing member groove 401. Under the action of external force, the handle opening and closing member 4 moves around the hinge point on the handle shell 12, driving the handle core rod 11 to move back and forth, thereby driving the core rod connector 6 and the forceps core rod 5 to move back and forth, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the surgical forceps.

[0139] Example 15

[0140] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-14, and the cross section of the handle opening and closing member groove 401 is a circle including a clearance gap.

[0141] Example 16

[0142] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-15, and a secondary circular groove is provided downward on the bottom surface of the handle opening and closing member groove 401.

[0143] Example 17

[0144] The rest is consistent with any of the schemes in Examples 1-16. Through the cooperation of the card slot on the hand-pull piece and the yield slot on the secondary ball joint fixing piece, the hand-pull piece can move axially back and forth on the secondary ball joint fixing piece, and cannot rotate relatively, so that when the hand-pull piece is rotated, the internal parts will rotate together. When the hand-pull piece is driven by external force, the primary toothed piece will be driven to move toward the direction of the handle shell. The primary toothed piece collides with the secondary toothed piece during movement, driving the secondary toothed piece to move toward the direction of the handle shell, completing the conversion between the two working modes; the primary spring is used to push the secondary toothed piece forward, and the blocking piece supports the tail of the ball joint so that the ball joint cannot move or the secondary toothed piece is stuck on the secondary ball joint fixing piece; the secondary spring is located on the front end face of the handle shell, and is used to reset the hand-pull piece. Example

[0145] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-17, and the blocking ring is adapted to the end of the ball joint cavity.

[0146] Example 19

[0147] The rest is consistent with any of the schemes of Examples 1-18. A blocking ring 702 is provided on the outer side of the blocking portion 703. The outer diameter of the blocking ring 702 is not larger than the inner diameter of the connecting two tubes 902 and not smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting toothed ring 9022.

[0148] Example 20

[0149] The rest is consistent with any of the schemes of Examples 1-19. The core rod connector 6 includes a cylinder 602, which is composed of two semi-cylinders 6021. The two semi-cylinders 6021 are fixedly connected, and the two inner ends of the semi-cylinders 6021 are respectively provided with hemispherical grooves 6011.

[0150] During assembly, the spherical ends 15 of the pliers head core rod 5 and the handle core rod 11 are respectively placed in the hemispherical groove 6011 of the core rod connector 6, and then the semi-cylinder 6021 is closed and the two semi-cylinders 6021 are fixedly connected. The hemispherical grooves 6011 are combined to form a spherical groove 601, so that the spherical end 15 is confined in the spherical groove 601, that is, one end of the pliers head core rod 5 and one end of the handle core rod 11 are each confined in a spherical groove 601. Under the action of external force, the spherical end 15 can rotate relative to the spherical groove 601, that is, the pliers head core rod 5 or the handle core rod 11 can be universally rotated relative to the spherical groove 601.

[0151] The present invention provides a core rod connector 6 with spherical grooves 601 at both ends, which respectively connect the pliers head core rod 5 and the handle core rod 11. Under the action of external force, the pliers head core rod 5 can rotate with the tubular pliers head 201 relative to the core rod connector 6 and the handle core rod 11. That is, through the structural design of the core rod connector 6, forces at different angles can be transmitted, that is, the pliers head core rod 5 can be bent relative to the core rod connector 6 and the handle core rod 11.

[0152] Example 21

[0153] The rest is consistent with the solution of Example 20. The two semi-cylinders 6021 are fixedly connected by welding, or a pin fixing hole 605 is provided on the semi-cylinder 6021, and the two semi-cylinders 6021 are fixedly connected by the cooperation of the connecting pin and the pin fixing hole 605.

[0154] Example 22

[0155] The rest is consistent with the solution of embodiment 20 or 21. The core rod connector 6 further includes two annular stoppers 603 fixedly connected to the cylinder 602. The annular stoppers 603 are sleeved and fixed to the ends of the cylinder 602 to further stabilize the connection between the two semi-cylinders 6021.

[0156] Example 23

[0157] The rest is consistent with any of the schemes in Examples 20-22, and a fixing ring 604 is provided in the middle of the cylinder 602; the fixing ring 604 is composed of two semi-ring bodies 6041, and the semi-ring bodies 6041 are fixedly provided in the middle of the semi-cylinder 6021, and the two semi-ring bodies 6041 are fixedly connected.

[0158] Example 24

[0159] The rest is consistent with the scheme of Example 23. The two semi-cylinders 6021 or the two semi-rings 6041 are fixedly connected by welding, or the semi-cylinders 6021 and the semi-rings 6041 are provided with through pin fixing holes 605, and the pin fixing holes 605 are adapted to the connecting pins; the two semi-cylinders 6021 or the two semi-rings 6041 are fixedly connected by the matching of the connecting pins and the pin fixing holes 605.

[0160] Example 25

[0161] The rest is consistent with any of the schemes of Examples 1-19. The core rod connector 6 includes a cylinder 602 and two annular stoppers 603 fixedly connected to the cylinder 602; the annular stoppers 603 are sleeved on the ends of the cylinder 602; a fixing ring 604 is provided in the middle of the cylinder 602, and the annular stoppers 603 and the fixing ring 604 are fitted together; the cylinder 602 is composed of two semi-cylinders 6021, and the fixing ring 604 is composed of two semi-rings 60 41, a semi-ring body 6041 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the semi-cylinder 6021; a through pin fixing hole 605 is provided on the semi-cylinder 6021 and the semi-ring body 6041, and the pin fixing hole 605 is adapted to the connecting pin; the two ends of the inner side of the semi-cylinder 6021 are respectively provided with a hemispherical groove 6011, and the two semi-cylinders 6021 or the two semi-ring bodies 6041 are fixedly connected by the cooperation of the connecting pin and the pin fixing hole 605.

[0162] Example 26

[0163] The rest is consistent with the solution of Example 25. The annular limiter 603 is fixedly connected to the end of the cylinder 602 and the fixing ring 604 by welding, and the semi-cylinder 6021 and the semi-ring body 6041 are fixedly connected by integral molding or welding.

[0164] Example 27

[0165] When assembling Examples 25 and 26, the pliers head core rod 5 and the handle core rod 11 are placed in the hemispherical groove 6011, and then the semi-cylinder 6021 is closed, and the connecting pin is passed through the pin fixing hole 605 to form a first layer of limiting fixation. The semi-cylinder 6021 is closed into the cylinder 602, and then the annular limiting member 603 is sleeved on the end of the cylinder 602 and fit with the fixing ring 604. The annular limiting member 603, the end of the cylinder 602 and the fixing ring 604 are fixedly connected by welding.

[0166] Thereby, the assembly of the core rod connector 6 is completed, and a limit is formed on one end of the pliers head core rod 5 and the handle core rod 11. The present invention sets a core rod connector 6, and a spherical groove 601 is provided at both ends thereof, so that the pliers head core rod 5 and the handle core rod 11 are connected respectively. Under the action of external force, the pliers head core rod 5 can rotate with the tubular pliers head 201 relative to the core rod connector 6 and the handle core rod 11, that is, through the structural design of the core rod connector 6, forces at different angles can be transmitted, that is, the pliers head core rod 5 can be bent relative to the core rod connector 6 and the handle core rod 11.

[0167] Example 28

[0168] The rest is consistent with any of the schemes of Examples 1-27, the limiting toothed ring 9022 includes complete limiting teeth and incomplete teeth formed by the clearance grooves 904; the number of teeth of the primary toothed ring 802: the number of teeth of the complete limiting teeth of the limiting toothed ring 9022: the number of clearance grooves 904 = 2:1:1; the number of teeth of the primary toothed ring 802: the number of toothed columns 1003: the number of teeth of the secondary toothed ring 1001 = 2:1:1.

[0169] The teeth of the primary gear ring 802 cooperate with the teeth of the secondary gear ring 1001 to allow the secondary gear part 10 to rotate. When the secondary gear part 10 rotates, if the gear column 1003 is limited by the complete limiting teeth of the limiting gear ring 9022 on the secondary ball joint fixing part 9, then the gear column 1003 will fall into the clearance groove 904 for limitation during the next rotation.

[0170] Example 29

[0171] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-28, and the number of teeth of the primary gear ring 802 is at least four.

[0172] Example 30

[0173] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-29, and the height of the teeth of the primary gear ring 802 is equal to the height of the teeth of the secondary gear ring 1001.

[0174] Example 31

[0175] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-30, and the angle of the tooth tip of the limiting toothed ring 9022 is not greater than 60°.

[0176] Example 32

[0177] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-31, and the angle of the tooth tip of the tooth column 1003 is not greater than 40°.

[0178] Example 33

[0179] The rest is consistent with any of the solutions in Examples 1-32, and the angle of the tooth tip of the primary gear ring 802 is not greater than 120°.

[0180] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism, comprising a handle housing (12), a surgical forceps head, a handle opening and closing member (4) hinged to the handle housing (12), and a handle core rod (11) adapted to the handle opening and closing member (4), characterized in that: It also includes a steering mechanism and a locking mechanism; A limiting cavity (1201) is provided at one end of the handle housing (12), a limiting platform (1205) is provided on the outer wall of the limiting cavity (1201), an opening is provided on one side of the limiting cavity (1201), a limiting collar (1202) is extended inwardly from the opening, a limiting baffle (1203) is provided on the other side of the limiting cavity (1201), a core rod limiting hole (1204) is provided on the limiting baffle (1203), and the handle core rod (11) passes through the core rod limiting hole (1204) on the limiting baffle (1203) and is adapted to the handle opening and closing member (4); The steering mechanism is adapted to the surgical forceps head, and comprises a primary ball joint fixing member (1), a ball joint forceps head (2), a secondary ball joint fixing member (9), and a forceps head core rod (5) inserted into the ball joint forceps head (2); The first-level ball joint fixing member (1) is a cover structure, and the first-level ball joint fixing member (1) is provided with an opening corresponding to the ball joint pliers head (2), the aperture of the opening being larger than the outer diameter of the tubular pliers head (201), and smaller than the diameter of the ball of the ball joint (202); The ball joint pliers head (2) comprises a tubular pliers head (201) and a ball joint (202) fixedly arranged at the end of the tubular pliers head (201); the ball joint (202) is provided with a ball joint cavity (2022) which passes through and is in communication with the tubular pliers head (201); a core rod connector (6) is provided in the ball joint cavity (2022); both ends of the core rod connector (6) are provided with spherical grooves (601); one end of each of the pliers head core rod (5) and the handle core rod (11) is a spherical end (15); the spherical end (15) is confined in the spherical groove (601); the other end of the pliers head core rod (5) passes through the tubular pliers head (201) and is connected to the surgical pliers head; The secondary ball joint fixing member (9) is a tubular structure, comprising a connecting tube (901), a connecting tube (902) fixedly connected to the connecting tube (901), and a limiting tube (903) fixedly connected to the connecting tube (902); the outer diameters of the connecting tube (901), the connecting tube (902), and the limiting tube (903) decrease in sequence; the inner diameters of the connecting tube (902) and the limiting tube (903) are equal, and a ball joint clearance cavity ( 9011); a limiting step (9012) is provided at the connection between the first connecting tube (901) and the second connecting tube (902); a limiting groove (9021) is provided at the end where the second connecting tube (902) is connected to the limiting tube (903); a limiting toothed ring (9022) is provided on the inner side of the tube wall of the second connecting tube (902); a plurality of paving grooves (904) are provided on the tube walls of the second connecting tube (902) and the limiting tube (903); the paving grooves (904) penetrate the paving toothed ring (9022); The first-level ball joint fixing member (1) is fixedly connected to the connecting tube (901); the tubular pliers head (201) is arranged through the opening, the ball joint (202) is arranged in the ball joint clearance cavity (9011), and the ball joint pliers head (2) forms a limit through the cooperation of the first-level ball joint fixing member (1) and the connecting tube (901); The limiting collar (1202) is clamped in the limiting groove (9021), and one end of the secondary ball joint fixing member (9) forms a limit with the handle housing (12) through the cooperation of the limiting collar (1202) and the limiting groove (9021), and the end of the limiting tube (903) abuts against the limiting baffle (1203); The locking mechanism comprises a hand-pull member (3), a secondary toothed member (10), a primary spring (13), a secondary spring (14), a blocking member (7) disposed in the inner cavity of the secondary ball joint fixing member (9), and a primary toothed member (8) disposed in the inner cavity of the secondary ball joint fixing member (9); The hand-pull member (3) comprises a tubular cavity (301), wherein an interlayer (305) is provided in the tubular cavity (301), wherein the inner wall length of the interlayer (305) is shorter than the outer wall length of the interlayer (305); a plurality of hand-pull member limiting strips (302) are provided on the inner wall of the interlayer (305); a claw (3021) extends from the end of the hand-pull member limiting strip (302); and the end of the hand-pull member (3) is adapted to the limiting platform (1205); The blocking member (7) is a tubular structure, with a blocking portion (703) provided at one end of the blocking member (7) and a latching tongue (701) provided on the side wall of the other end. The blocking member (7) is provided with a clearance channel corresponding to the handle core rod (11), and a latching tongue protrusion is provided at the end of the latching tongue (701); The end of the blocking portion (703) is adapted to the end of the ball joint (202); The first-level toothed member (8) is an annular structure, and one end of the first-level toothed member (8) is provided with a plurality of toothed limiting grooves (801), and the other end is provided with a first-level toothed ring (802); the first-level toothed member (8) is sleeved on the blocking member (7), and the hand-pull member (3) is sleeved on the secondary ball joint fixing member (9), and the hand-pull member limiting strip (302) passes through the clearance groove (904) to form a detachable fixed connection with the toothed limiting groove (801); the clamping claw (3021) is adapted to the toothed limiting groove (801), and the first-level toothed member (8) and the hand-pull member (3) are detachably fixedly connected through the toothed limiting groove (801) and the clamping claw (3021); A secondary spring accommodating cavity is formed between the inner wall of the tubular cavity (301), the interlayer (305), the outer wall of the secondary ball joint fixing member (9), and the limiting collar (1202), and the secondary spring (14) is arranged in the secondary spring accommodating cavity; The secondary toothed member (10) is a tubular structure, one end of the secondary toothed member (10) is provided with a secondary toothed ring (1001), and the other end is provided with a step (1002); the primary toothed ring (802) is adapted to the secondary toothed ring (1001); a plurality of toothed columns (1003) and opening slots (1004) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the secondary toothed member (10), the latch (701) is adapted to the opening slot (1004), and the blocking member (7) and the secondary toothed member (10) are detachably fixedly connected by the latch (701) and the opening slot (1004); The toothed column (1003) is respectively adapted to the limiting toothed ring (9022) and the clearance groove (904). A first-level spring accommodating cavity is formed between the step (1002), the inner wall of the limiting tube (903), and the limiting baffle (1203), and the first-level spring (13) is arranged in the first-level spring accommodating cavity. The length of the first-level spring (13) in the first-level spring accommodating cavity is less than the free length of the first-level spring (13).

2. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pin (9014) is fixedly arranged in the ball joint clearance cavity (9011), and a second limiting groove (2021) adapted to the pin (9014) is provided on the circumference of the ball joint (202); a ball joint limiting hole (9013) is provided on the cavity wall of the ball joint clearance cavity (9011) corresponding to the maximum diameter of the cavity; one end of the pin (9014) is fixed on the ball joint limiting hole (9013), and the other end is arranged in the second limiting groove (2021).

3. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary ball joint fixing member (1) and the connecting tube (901) are connected in a detachable fixed manner via a connecting adhesive layer, a clamping strip connection, a mortise and tenon connection, or a threaded connection.

4. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner side surface of the cover structure of the first-level ball joint fixing component (1) is provided with a thread, and the outer surface of the connecting tube (901) is provided with a thread, and the first-level ball joint fixing component (1) and the connecting tube (901) form a detachable fixed connection through the thread.

5. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hand-pull member (3) further comprises a handle (303) fixed to the outer surface of the tubular cavity (301), wherein the handle (303) is composed of a plurality of protrusions extending outward from the tubular cavity (301); at least three handles (303) are provided.

6. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hand-pull piece limiting strip (302) is formed by extending the tubular cavity (301) inward; at least one hand-pull piece limiting strip (302) is provided.

7. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cover ring (304) extends outward from the tubular cavity (301), and the cover ring (304) is sleeved outside the primary ball joint fixing component (1).

8. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tube wall at one end of the blocking member (7) is cut to form a latch.

9. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the hand-pull piece limiting strip (302), the tooth-shaped limiting groove (801) or the hand-pull piece giving way groove (904) is provided.

10. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the blocking portion (703) is provided with a clearance opening, and a limiting plug (704) is provided on the clearance opening. The blocking portion (703) and the limiting plug (704) are provided with a clearance channel corresponding to the handle core rod (11).

11. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the primary spring (13) or the secondary spring (14) is provided.

12. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle opening and closing member (4) is provided with a handle opening and closing member groove (401), and one end portion of the handle core rod (11) is arranged in the handle opening and closing member groove (401).

13. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blocking ring (702) is provided on the outer side of the blocking portion (703), and the outer diameter of the blocking ring (702) is not larger than the inner diameter of the connecting two tubes (902) and not smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting toothed ring (9022).

14. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core rod connector (6) comprises a cylinder (602), wherein the cylinder (602) is composed of two semi-cylinders (6021), the two semi-cylinders (6021) are fixedly connected, and the two inner ends of the semi-cylinders (6021) are respectively provided with hemispherical grooves (6011).

15. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 14, characterized in that: The core rod connector (6) further comprises two annular limiting members (603) fixedly connected to the cylinder (602); the annular limiting members (603) are sleeved on and fixed to the ends of the cylinder (602).

16. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: A fixing ring (604) is provided in the middle of the cylinder (602); the fixing ring (604) is composed of two semi-ring bodies (6041), the semi-ring bodies (6041) are fixedly provided in the middle of the semi-cylinder (6021), and the two semi-ring bodies (6041) are fixedly connected.

17. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: The limiting toothed ring (9022) includes complete limiting teeth and incomplete teeth formed by the through-holes (904); the number of teeth of the primary toothed ring (802): the number of teeth of the complete limiting teeth of the limiting toothed ring (9022): the number of the through-holes (904) = 2:1:1; the number of teeth of the primary toothed ring (802): the number of toothed columns (1003): the number of teeth of the secondary toothed ring (1001) = 2:1:

1.

18. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 17, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the primary gear ring (802) is at least four.

19. The universal minimally invasive surgical forceps with a locking mechanism according to claim 18, characterized in that: The angle of the tooth tip of the limiting toothed ring (9022) is not greater than 60°, the angle of the tooth tip of the toothed column (1003) is not greater than 40°, and the angle of the tooth tip of the primary toothed ring (802) is not greater than 120°.

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