Radar management based on detected interference on the air interface

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for radar management based on detected interference on an air interface. A method that can be performed by a base station (BS) or a user equipment (UE) includes measuring a received power at each of a plurality of receive beams. The method can also include determining whether the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies a threshold condition. If the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies the threshold condition, the method can also include selecting a directional transmit beam based on a direction of one of the one or more of the plurality of receive beams that satisfies the threshold condition and transmitting a radar waveform on the directional transmit beam.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 723,765, filed December 20, 2019, entitled “RADAR MANAGEMENT BASED ON INTERFERENCE DETECTED OVER AN AIR INTERFACE”, which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] Various aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more specifically to techniques for radar management based on interference detected over an air interface. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. These wireless communication systems can employ multiple access technologies that enable communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power). Examples of such multiple access systems include 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced systems, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems, among others.

[0005] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol enabling different wireless devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, and even global levels. New radios (e.g., 5G NR) are examples of emerging telecommunications standards. NR is a collection of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard released by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectrum efficiency, reducing costs, improving service, utilizing new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards that use OFDMA with cyclic prefix (CP) on both the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL). To achieve these goals, NR supports beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation.

[0006] However, with the continued growth in demand for mobile broadband access, further improvements to NR and LTE technologies are needed. Preferably, these improvements should be applicable to other multiple access technologies and telecommunications standards that employ these technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The systems, methods, and apparatuses of this disclosure each have several aspects, none of which are solely responsible for their desired properties. Without limiting the scope of this disclosure as set forth in the following claims, some features will now be briefly discussed. Upon consideration of this discussion, and particularly after reading the section entitled "Detailed Description," it will be understood how the features of this disclosure provide advantages including the improved ability to detect objects while maintaining wireless communication between multiple network entities.

[0008] Some aspects provide a method for detecting interference by a network entity. This method typically includes: measuring the received power at each of a plurality of receive beams. The method may further include: determining whether the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies a threshold condition. If the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies the threshold condition, the method may further include: selecting a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receive beams that satisfy the threshold condition; and transmitting a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0009] One aspect provides a network entity configured to detect interference on an air interface, comprising: a memory, and a processor, wherein the processor is communicatively coupled to the memory. In one aspect, the processor is configured to: measure the received power at each of a plurality of receive beams. In another aspect, the processor is configured to: determine whether the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies a threshold condition. In another aspect, if the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies the threshold condition, the processor is configured to: select a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfying the threshold condition; and transmit a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0010] Some aspects provide an apparatus for detecting interference. In some examples, the apparatus includes: means for measuring the received power at each of a plurality of receive beams. In some examples, the apparatus includes: means for determining whether the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies a threshold condition. In some examples, if the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies the threshold condition, the apparatus includes: means for selecting a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receive beams that satisfy the threshold condition; and means for transmitting a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0011] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform a method for detecting interference on an air interface. In some examples, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes: measuring the received power at each of a plurality of receive beams. In some examples, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes: determining whether the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies the threshold condition. In some examples, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes: if the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies the threshold condition, selecting a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfying the threshold condition, and transmitting a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0012] For the purposes of the foregoing and related objectives, one or more aspects include the features fully described below and specifically pointed out in the claims. The following description and drawings set forth certain illustrative features of one or more aspects in detail. However, these features indicate only a few of the various ways in which the principles of each aspect can be employed. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To enable a detailed understanding of the features described above, the more specific description briefly outlined above can be understood by referring to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the figures. However, it should be noted that the figures illustrate only certain typical aspects of the disclosure and should therefore not be considered as limiting its scope, as the description may acknowledge other equivalent aspects.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a conceptual illustration of a block diagram of an example telecommunications system according to certain aspects of this disclosure.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a conceptual block diagram illustrating the design of an example base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) according to certain aspects of this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a frame format for New Radio (NR) according to certain aspects of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating a communication network utilizing radar waveforms and uplink wireless communication signaling according to certain aspects of this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 5A and Figure 5B Three frequency-modulated continuous wave (FM-CW) radar waveforms (or linear frequency modulation (chirp)) on the frequency-time scale and on the amplitude-time scale are depicted according to certain aspects of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 6 Two graphs representing objects detected by one or more radar waveforms according to certain aspects of this disclosure are shown.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a block diagram illustrating an example of using receive beamforming for noise measurement prior to performing radar proximity detection, according to certain aspects of this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating example operations for spatial sensing and uplink interference detection according to certain aspects of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating an example operation for wireless communication according to certain aspects of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 10 The illustration shows operations that may include being configured to perform techniques disclosed herein (such as...). Figure 8 and Figure 9 The communication device consists of various components (e.g., corresponding to component plus functional components) of the operation shown in the figure.

[0024] For ease of understanding, the same reference numerals have been used where possible to denote common elements across the figures. Elements disclosed in one aspect may be beneficially used in other aspects without specific description. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This disclosure provides apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for detecting and measuring interference on an air interface (e.g., a radio transmission interface for wireless communication) and managing the transmission of radar waveforms based on the amount of detected interference. For example, if a network entity measures a relatively high level of interference on the air interface (e.g., greater than a threshold), the network entity may determine not to transmit a radar waveform because the radar waveform could interfere with or disrupt signaling from other network entities. However, if a network entity measures a relatively low level of interference on the air interface (e.g., less than a threshold), the network entity may determine to transmit a radar waveform to detect whether an object or individual is within the network entity's range.

[0026] In some examples, the network entity receives and measures the power or thermal noise increment (RoT) based on signals received on multiple directional receiving beams. In some examples, the network entity may include a base station (BS).

[0027] The following description provides examples of radar management in a communication system and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Various procedures or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in various examples. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Similarly, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, any of the aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods practiced using structures, functionalities, or structures and functionalities other than or different from the aspects of this disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of this disclosure may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims. The word “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other aspects.

[0028] Generally, any number of wireless networks can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network can support a specific Radio Access Technology (RAT) and can operate on one or more frequencies. RAT can also be referred to as radio technology, air interface, etc. Frequency can also be referred to as carrier, subcarrier, channel, tone, subband, etc. Each frequency can support a single RAT in a given geographical area to avoid interference between wireless networks using different RATs. In some cases, 5G NR RAT networks can be deployed.

[0029] Figure 1 An example wireless communication network 100 in which aspects of this disclosure may be implemented is illustrated. For example, the wireless communication network 100 may be an NR system (e.g., a 5G NR network).

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless communication network 100 may include several base stations (BSs) 110a-110z (each base station is also individually referred to herein as BS 110 or collectively as BS 110) and other network entities. BS 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area, sometimes referred to as a "cell," which may be stationary or mobile depending on the location of the moving BS 110. In some examples, BS 110 may use any suitable transport network, interconnecting with each other and / or with one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless communication network 100 via various types of backhaul interfaces (e.g., direct physical connections, wireless connections, virtual networks, etc.). Figure 1In the example shown, BS110a, 110b, and 110c can be macro BSs for macro cells 102a, 102b, and 102c, respectively. BS 110x can be a pico BS for pico cell 102x. BS 110y and 110z can be femto BSs for femto cells 102y and 102z, respectively. A BS can support one or more cells. BS 110 communicates with user equipment (UEs) 120a-120y (each UE is also individually referred to herein as UE 120 or collectively as UE 120) in the wireless communication network 100. UE 120 (e.g., 120x, 120y, etc.) can be distributed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 can be stationary or mobile.

[0031] Depending on certain aspects, the BS 110 can be configured to manage radar transmissions. For example... Figure 1 As shown, BS 110a includes a radar manager 112. According to various aspects of this disclosure, the radar manager 112 can be configured to measure the received power at each of a plurality of receiving beams. In some examples, the radar manager 112 can determine whether the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies a threshold condition. If the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies the threshold condition, the radar manager 112 can be configured to: select a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receiving beams that satisfy the threshold condition, and transmit a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0032] Depending on certain aspects, UE 120 can be configured to manage radar transmissions. For example... Figure 1 As shown, UE 120a includes a radar manager 113. According to various aspects of this disclosure, the radar manager 113 can be configured to measure the received power at each of a plurality of receive beams. In some examples, the radar manager 113 can determine whether the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies a threshold condition. If the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies the threshold condition, the radar manager 113 can be configured to: select a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receive beams that satisfy the threshold condition, and transmit a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0033] The wireless communication network 100 may also include a relay station (e.g., relay station 110r), also referred to as a relay, which receives data and / or other information transmissions from an upstream station (e.g., BS 110a or UE 120r) and sends data and / or other information transmissions to a downstream station (e.g., UE 120 or BS 110), or relays transmissions between UEs 120 to facilitate communication between devices.

[0034] Network controller 130 can be coupled to a collection of BS 110s and provide coordination and control for these BS 110s. Network controller 130 can communicate with BS 110s via backhaul. BS 110s can also communicate with each other via wireless or wired backhaul (e.g., directly or indirectly).

[0035] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates BS 110 and UE 120 (e.g., in...). Figure 1 Example component 200 in the wireless communication network 100, which can be used to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0036] In a MIMO system, BS 110a and UE 120a include multiple antennas (234a to 234t and 252a to 252r) to generate multiple signal paths between UE 120a and BS 110a. The use of such multiple antenna technology enables wireless communication systems to utilize the spatial domain to support spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and transmit diversity. Spatial multiplexing can be used to simultaneously transmit different data streams (also known as layers) on the same time-frequency resources. Data streams can be sent to a single UE to increase the data rate, or to multiple UEs to increase the overall system capacity; the latter is known as multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). This is achieved by spatially precoding each data stream (i.e., multiplying the data stream with different weights and phase shifts) and then transmitting each spatially precoded stream over multiple transmit antennas on the DL. The spatially precoded data streams arrive at (multiple) UEs with different spatial signatures, allowing each of the (multiple) UEs to recover one or more data streams destined for that UE. On the UL, each UE sends a spatially precoded data stream, which enables the base station to identify the source of each spatially precoded data stream.

[0037] At BS 110, the transmit processor 220 can receive data from data source 212 and control information from controller / processor 240. The control information can be used for the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Group Common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), etc. Data can be used for the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), etc. The processor 220 can process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to acquire data symbols and control symbols respectively. The transmit processor 220 can also generate reference symbols such as those for the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS). The transmit (TX) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding, if applicable) on the data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols, and can provide an output symbol stream to the modulators (MODs) in transceivers 232a-232t. Each modulator can process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator can further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signals from the modulators of transceivers 232a-232t can be transmitted via antennas 234a-234t respectively.

[0038] At UE 120a, antennas 252a-252r can receive downlink signals from BS 110a and can provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers 254a-254r respectively. Each demodulator can adjust (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and digitize) the corresponding received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator can further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. MIMO detector 256 can obtain received symbols from all transceivers 254a-254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols (if applicable), and provide the detected symbols. Receiver processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120a to data sink 260, and provide decoded control information to controller / processor 280.

[0039] On the uplink, at UE 120a, the transmitting processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 (e.g., for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)). The transmitting processor 264 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., for Sounding Reference Signals (SRS)). Symbols from the transmitting processor 264 can be pre-encoded by the TX MIMO processor 266 (if applicable), further processed by demodulators in transceivers 254a-254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to BS 110a. At BS 110a, uplink signals from UE 120a can be received by antenna 234, processed by modulator 232, detected by MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by receiving processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120a. The receiver processor 238 can provide decoded data to the data sink 239 and decoded control information to the controller / processor 240.

[0040] Memory 242 and 282 can store data and program code for BS 110a and UE 120a, respectively. Scheduler 244 can schedule UE for data transmission on downlink and / or uplink.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the controller / processor 240 of BS 110a has a radar manager 112, which can be configured to manage radar transmissions from BS 110a. For example, according to aspects of this disclosure, radar manager 112 can be configured to measure the received power at each of a plurality of receiving beams. In some examples, radar manager 112 can determine whether the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies a threshold condition. If the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies the threshold condition, radar manager 112 can be configured to: select a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receiving beams that satisfy the threshold condition; and transmit a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0042] Similarly, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120a has a radar manager 113, which can be configured to manage radar transmissions from UE 120a. For example, according to aspects of this disclosure, the radar manager 113 can be configured to measure the received power at each of a plurality of receive beams. In some examples, the radar manager 113 can determine whether the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies a threshold condition. If the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies the threshold condition, the radar manager 113 can be configured to: select a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receive beams that satisfy the threshold condition; and transmit a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of frame format 300 for NR. The transmission timeline for each of the downlink and uplink can be divided into units of radio frames. Each radio frame can have a predetermined duration (e.g., 10 ms) and can be divided into 10 subframes, each 1 ms long, indexed from 0 to 9. Each subframe can include a variable number of time slots, depending on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot can include a variable number of symbol periods (e.g., 7 or 14 symbols), depending on the subcarrier spacing. The symbol periods within each time slot can be assigned an index. A mini time slot is a sub-time slot structure (e.g., 2, 3, or 4 symbols).

[0044] In NR, a synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB) is transmitted. The SS block consists of the PSS, SSS, and a two-symbol PBCH. The SS block can be transmitted at a fixed time slot location, such as... Figure 3 The symbols shown are 0 to 3. PSS and SSS can be used by the UE for cell search and acquisition. PSS can provide half-frame timing, and SS can provide CP length and frame timing. PSS and SSS can provide cell identity. PBCH carries some basic system information, such as downlink system bandwidth, timing information within radio frames, SS burst set periodicity, system frame number, etc. SS blocks can be organized into SS bursts to support beam scanning. Additional system information (such as Residual Minimum System Information (RMSI), System Information Block (SIB), and Other System Information (OSI)) can be transmitted in certain subframes on the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH).

[0045] In some examples of wireless communication, electronic devices (e.g., UE 120 and / or BS 110a) can use high transmit power to compensate for path loss associated with millimeter-wave (mmW) signals. Many of these electronic devices can be physically operated by the user. Such physical proximity presents an opportunity for radiation to exceed given guidelines, such as the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) limits set by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Due to these issues, it is advantageous for the device to detect the proximity of objects (e.g., users).

[0046] Some proximity detection technologies use specialized sensors to detect users, such as cameras, infrared sensors, or radar sensors. However, many of these sensors are bulky and expensive. Furthermore, a single electronic device may include multiple antennas positioned on different surfaces (e.g., on the top, bottom, or opposite sides). To account for each of these antennas, multiple cameras or sensors may need to be mounted close to each, further increasing the cost and size of the electronic device.

[0047] Therefore, in some examples, electronic devices can use wireless transceivers to perform radar proximity detection and wireless communication instead of additional cameras or sensors. For instance, a local oscillator circuit within the wireless transceiver can generate one or more reference signals that enable both proximity detection and wireless communication. By actively measuring the distance to the object, the surrounding environment can be continuously monitored, and transmission parameters can be adjusted to account for object movement, enabling the wireless transceiver to meet guidelines issued by governments or the wireless industry, such as MPE.

[0048] In some examples, electronic devices can transmit radar waveforms during one or more time slots of a radio frame (e.g., during time slots reserved for Random Access Channel (RACH) procedures). This allows the electronic device to periodically perform radar proximity detection during certain RACH time slots. However, since radar proximity detection necessarily requires simultaneous transmission and reception, uplink RACH transmissions from other electronic devices can interfere with the radar detector and reduce the effectiveness of proximity detection. Therefore, methods for detecting and avoiding signaling from other electronic devices would enhance the ability of electronic devices to actively detect objects and adjust the transmission of mmW signals to meet security guidelines issued by governments or the wireless industry.

[0049] Example radar transmission

[0050] Radio detection and ranging (radar) is a complementary technology to wireless communication and can be used to enhance public safety and the wireless communication experience. Radar uses electromagnetic waveforms to detect objects and determine information such as their relative speed and position. As mentioned above, radar can be used to enhance public safety.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating a communication network 400 that utilizes radar waveforms and uplink wireless communication signaling. Figure 4 A wireless communication device 402 is shown (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 2 The user equipment (UE) 120a or base station (BS) 110a performs radar proximity detection by sending radar waveform 408 and receiving waveform reflections from object 404. Figure 4 The diagram also illustrates a wireless communication device 402 receiving or detecting an uplink signal 410 transmitted from a UE 406 for use in initiating a RACH procedure in one example. In some examples, the UE 406 could be... Figure 1 The UE 120 shown in the image.

[0052] For a fixed ranging radar system (e.g., the radar system on wireless communication device 402), distance (D) = half the time delay between the transmitted and received radar waveforms multiplied by the velocity of the radar waveform (which can be approximated as 3 x 10⁻⁶). 8 m / s or (C)). Transmitter and receiver (e.g., Figure 2 Transceivers 232A-232T or 254A-254R can use the same antenna, or a group of antennas (e.g., Figure 2 The antenna is 234A-234T or 252A-252R, and circuits (such as duplexers) are used to control the input and output operations. In some respects, using a single-pulse radar system is impractical because it will be understood that for a target of ten meters, the time delay is less than 1 / 10 microsecond [(2*10) / (3*10]]. 8 = 66 nanoseconds]. Therefore, another method of radar detection is to use continuous wave (CW) radar waveforms.

[0053] Unmodulated CW (UM-CW) radar detection systems transmit radar waveforms at a constant frequency and use any frequency variations in the received radar waveform to determine the object's velocity. UM-CW radar is generally not used to provide distance because stationary objects do not generate frequency variations in the received radar waveform. UM-CW radar is commonly used in sports, for example, to determine the speed of baseballs or race cars.

[0054] To obtain more information, frequency-modulated CW (FM-CW) radar can be used. Generally, FM-CW signals (e.g., Figure 4The frequency span of the radar waveform 408 can be increased or decreased across the time interval. Different types of frequency modulation can be used, including linear-frequency modulation (LFM) (e.g., linear frequency modulation), sawtooth-frequency modulation, triangular-frequency modulation, and so on. The FM-CW signal can be generated using existing components within the wireless transceiver 232a-232t or 254a-254r. The FM-CW signal enables radar-based ranging techniques to be used to determine the distance to object 404. To achieve finer range resolution (e.g., centimeter-level) for close-range applications, larger bandwidths, such as 1 gigahertz (GHz), 4 GHz, 8 GHz, and so on, can be utilized. For example, an FM-CW signal can have a bandwidth of approximately 4 GHz and include frequencies between approximately 26 GHz and 30 GHz. Finer range resolution improves range accuracy and allows one or more objects 404 to be distinguished at distance. The FM-CW signal can provide accurate distance measurements for a variety of distances based on bandwidth (e.g., approximately 4 cm to 20 cm for a 4 GHz bandwidth). While FM-CW signals can be used to measure important distances, it should be noted that FM-CW signals can only measure distances between approximately 0 cm and 150 cm. The amount of time used to perform proximity detection using FM-CW signals can also be relatively short, such as within approximately one microsecond.

[0055] Wireless communication device 402 can be configured to use radar waveform 408 to detect the presence of object 404 (e.g., a person) at a distance of up to 150 cm from wireless communication device 402. Wireless communication device 402 can perform an object 404 detection process to determine an appropriate transmission power (depending on whether object 404 is detected) and the proximity of the detected object to wireless communication device 402. In the case where wireless communication device 404 is a BS (e.g., BS 110a), BS 110a can be configured to have a maximum permissible exposure (MPE) range of 150 cm from a radiating element (e.g., antennas 234a-234t) for transmission at 55 dBm. That is, BS 110a can be configured to detect the proximity of object 404 relative to BS 110a, and if the object is within 150 cm of the radiating element, BS 110a will transmit at no more than 55 dBm.

[0056] Similarly, when the wireless communication device 404 is a UE (e.g., UE 120a), UE 120a can be configured to have a maximum permissible exposure (MPE) range of 15 cm from the radiating element (e.g., antennas 252a-252r) for transmitting at 32 dBm. That is, UE 120a can be configured to detect the proximity of object 404 to UE 120a, and if the object is within 15 cm of the radiating element, UE 120a will not transmit above 32 dBm.

[0057] Figure 5A Three FM-CW radar waveforms (or linear frequency modulations) are depicted on a frequency-time scale. Linear frequency modulation 502 has a first slope, with its frequency starting at zero (or zero offset) (Fc). Linear frequency modulation 504 has the same slope as linear frequency modulation 502 and a positive (Fc) offset. Linear frequency modulation 506 has zero offset and a second slope, which is lower than the first slope of linear frequency modulation 502 (for the same time increment, the frequency increment is lower).

[0058] Figure 5B Depicting amplitude-time scale Figure 5A In the linear frequency modulation 502, the amplitude (Ac) oscillation increases in frequency with the linear frequency modulation time. It will be understood that, in some aspects, the phase of the linear frequency modulation can be controlled to provide a desired phase. When an FM-CW linear frequency modulation is received, it may experience both frequency variation and time delay, and therefore can be used to simultaneously measure the relative distance of an object from the radar detection system (e.g., using time delay) and velocity (e.g., using frequency variation).

[0059] Figure 6 Two graphs 600 are shown representing objects detected by one or more radar waveforms. Radar waveform 602 depicts object detection using a single linear frequency modulated (LFM) signal in an interference-free environment. The signal-to-noise ratio is ideal because noise is shown as zero. It will be understood that the environment is rarely free from interference. For example, radar waveform 604 depicts object detection using a single LFM signal in an environment with relatively high interference and / or high-power signaling from other sources. For example, if... Figure 4 If wireless communication device 402 receives a radar waveform 408 reflection of object indication signaling 404 while UE 406 is transmitting an uplink signal, then the radar waveform 408 reflection may look similar to radar waveform 604. It will be understood that the signal-to-noise ratio is poor due to significant interference, resulting in poor object detection. This environment may hinder object detection and / or interfere with the radar waveform.

[0060] Exemplary radar-based target detection and jamming avoidance

[0061] Figure 7 The diagram is shown in BS (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 2 BS 110a) or UE (e.g., Figure 1 A block diagram of an example of UE 120a) using receive beamforming for noise measurement before performing radar proximity detection. Figure 7 A series of consecutive time slots 702 (e.g., similar to) are shown for wireless communication on the air interface between the BS and the UE. Figure 3 (Time slot shown in the diagram).

[0062] In this example, wireless communication can utilize one or more duplex algorithms. Duplex refers to a point-to-point communication link, in which two endpoints can communicate with each other in both directions. Full-duplex means that two endpoints can communicate with each other simultaneously. Half-duplex means that only one endpoint can send information to the other at a time. In wireless communication, full-duplex channels generally rely on physical isolation between the transmitter and receiver, as well as appropriate interference cancellation techniques. Full-duplex simulations are frequently implemented for wireless communication using Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) or Time Division Duplex (TDD). In FDD, transmissions in different directions operate at different carrier frequencies. In TDD, transmissions in different directions on a given channel are separated from each other using time division multiplexing. That is, at some times, the channel is dedicated to transmission in one direction, and at other times, the channel is dedicated to transmission in the other direction, where the direction may change very rapidly (e.g., several times per time slot).

[0063] In some aspects, a TDD carrier can be used to communicate a series of time slots 702. Thus, the series of time slots 702 can include a series of uplink and downlink time slots, as well as a periodic random access channel (RACH) time slot 704. The RACH is a shared channel that can be used by BS 110a and UE 120a to initiate access to a mobile network (e.g., a TDMA / FDMA and CDMA-based network) for call setup and data transmission. In some aspects, BS 110a or UE 120a can utilize the RACH time slot 704 to measure noise and received power on the air interface, as well as to transmit radar waveforms and receive reflections of radar waveforms.

[0064] As described above, a time slot may include several symbol periods. In this example, RACH time slot 704 includes a symbol set 706 with 14 symbols. In some aspects, BS 110a may dedicate a variable number of symbols at the beginning of symbol set 706 of RACH time slot 704 to measuring noise and / or power in various directions in the air interface. For example, BS 110a or UE120a may utilize multiple receive beams (708, 710, 712) to measure the power received at each beam, wherein the direction of each receive beam differs from the other beams among the multiple receive beams (708, 710, 712). In some examples, each receive beam includes a beam ID (e.g., BeamID1, BeamID2, BeamID3) indicating the direction of the beam.

[0065] For example, BS 110a or UE 120a can receive and measure power from multiple directional receive beams (708, 710, 712) at the beginning of RACH slot 704, wherein each of the multiple receive beams (708, 710, 712) has a beam ID (e.g., BeamID1, BeamID2, BeamID3) and is characterized by an azimuth offset relative to the other receive beams. Figure 7 As shown, the first receive beam 708 (BeamID1) is generated by BS 110a or UE 120a during the first two consecutive symbols (e.g., symbols 0 and 1) of a RACH time slot with duration T1. BS 110a or UE 120a can configure the first receive beam 708 such that the beam's direction is oriented at a vertical angle of zero degrees (0°) relative to the transceiver that generated the beam. After the first receive beam 708, BS 110a or UE 120a can generate a second receive beam 710 (BeamID2) during the second two consecutive symbols (e.g., symbols 2 and 3) of a RACH time slot 704 with duration T2. ​​BS 110a or UE 120a can configure the second receive beam 710 such that the beam's direction is at an azimuth angle of forty-five degrees (45°) relative to the first receive beam 708. Then, following the second receive beam 710, BS 110a or UE 120a may generate a third receive beam 712 (BeamID3) during two consecutive symbols (e.g., symbols 4 and 5) of a third RACH time slot with a duration T3. BS 110a or UE 120a may configure the first receive beam such that the beam's direction is at a negative 45° azimuth angle relative to the first receive beam. It should be noted that BS 110a or UE 120a may use any suitable angle to orient multiple receive beams (708, 710, 712).

[0066] During the time when BS 110a or UE 120a generates the receive beam (708, 710, 712), BS 110a or UE 120a can configure the local oscillator (LO) circuit (e.g., Figure 2 The LO circuit in one or more of the transceivers 232a-232t or 254a-254r is used for the transmission of radar waveform 714.

[0067] In some aspects, BS 110a or UE 120a can measure received power and calculate the thermal noise increment (RoT) for each of a plurality of receive beams (708, 710, 712). In this example, BS 110a or UE 120a measures the received power at each of the plurality of receive beams during RACH slot 704, wherein each of the plurality of receive beams is measured continuously (e.g., in series) for a duration of at least two symbols. BS 110a or UE 120a measures the power corresponding to interference or noise in the air interface, as well as potential signaling from other nearby network entities (e.g., UE 120 and / or BS 110). For example, if another UE 120 attempts to initiate a RACH procedure during RACH slot 704 to establish a cell connection with BS 110a, BS 110a or UE 120a can measure a relatively high power level from one or more of the multiple receive beams (708, 710, 712) if one or more beams intercept the RACH preamble (Msg 1) sent by another UE 120.

[0068] Then, BS 110a or UE 120a can calculate the RoT for each of the multiple receive beams (708, 710, 712) based on the measured power associated with each beam and the configurable baseline noise power value stored on BS 110a or UE 120a. In some examples, RoT can represent the power-to-interference ratio calculated using the following formula.

[0069]

[0070] Among them, R x Pwr corresponds to the measured power of one of the multiple beams (708, 710, 712), where x identifies which of the multiple beams the measurement corresponds to, and where NoisePwr corresponds to the configurable baseline noise power value stored on BS 110a or UE 120a.

[0071] In some examples, the baseline noise power value indicates the upper limit of power or noise level in the air interface that BS 110a or UE 120a can tolerate for the purpose of transmitting and receiving radar waveform reflections. In such examples, the calculated RoT can indicate that the measured power of each of a plurality of receive beams meets a threshold condition. For example, if the RoT value of one of the receive beams (708, 710, 712) is greater than 1 (e.g., a configurable number such as 10, or any number greater than 2), BS 110a or UE 120a can determine that the threshold condition is not met because the measured power is greater than the baseline noise power value. In this example, BS 110a or UE 120a can determine not to transmit radar waveforms in the same direction as that receive beam. Instead, BS 110a or UE 120a can determine to transmit radar waveforms in the same direction as another receive beam having a RoT value close to 1 (e.g., a RoT value between 1 and 2). Alternatively, if the RoT value of one of the received beams (708, 710, 712) is close to 1 (e.g., a RoT value between 1 and 2), then BS 110a or UE 120a can determine that a threshold condition is met because the measured power is within the range of the baseline noise power value. In this example, BS 110a or UE 120a can determine that the radar waveform is transmitted in the same direction as the received beam.

[0072] Accordingly, if the measured power received at one or more of the multiple receive beams (708, 710, 712) satisfies a threshold condition, the BS 110a or UE 120a can select a convenient directional transmission beam with low interference relative to the other beams (708, 710, 712), wherein the direction of the transmission beam is based on the direction of one or more of the multiple receive beams that satisfy the threshold condition. In some aspects, the BS 110a or UE 120a selects the directional transmission beam by determining which of the multiple receive beams is associated with the lowest measured power relative to the other receive beams (708, 710, 712). For example, if the first receiving beam 708 has one or more of the lowest calculated RoT or lowest measured power relative to other receiving beams, then BS 110a or UE 120a may select a directional transmitting beam for transmitting radar waveforms, wherein the direction of the transmitting beam is the same as the direction of the first receiving beam 708.

[0073] It should be noted that, in some aspects, the direction of the transmitted beam can be based on the directions of two or more of the multiple received beams that satisfy a threshold condition. For example, BS 110a or UE 120a can utilize a wider directional beam to transmit the radar waveform, such that the radar waveform is extended in the directions of two or more of the multiple received beams (708, 710, 712). In some aspects, if each of the multiple received beams does not satisfy the threshold condition, BS 110a or UE 120a can abandon the transmission of radar waveform 714 and instead wait until the next RACH slot to perform another set of measurements on the multiple received beams (708, 710, 712) or on different sets of received beams with different direction sets.

[0074] Therefore, based on the calculated RoT, BS 110a or UE 120a can determine that radar waveform 714 is transmitted during time T4 in one or more symbols (e.g., symbols 6 and 7) of RACH slot 704. In some aspects, radar waveform 714 may be transmitted using a selected directional transmission beam, wherein the direction of the selected transmission beam is based on the direction of one or more of a plurality of receive beams having measured power that satisfies a threshold condition. In this way, the reflection of the transmitted radar waveform will not "vanish" into noise or be interfered with by ambient signals in the air interface.

[0075] Once radar waveform 714 is transmitted, BS 110a or UE 120a can restore the transceiver function to RF functionality supporting TDD carrier communication.

[0076] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating an example operation 800 for spatial sensing and uplink interference detection according to certain aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, operation 800 may be performed by BS 110a or UE 120a and may begin 808 at each RACH timeslot of the TDD communication carrier.

[0077] In the first step 810, operation 800 can be initialized with a first receive beam ID. The first receive beam ID can correspond to a directional receive beam with a first direction at BS 110a.

[0078] In the second step 812, operation 800 can detect RACH slots in TDD communication. For example, BS 110a can detect RACH slots based on the schedule or pattern of RACH slots.

[0079] In the third step 814, BS 110a or UE 120a may configure the transceiver for a receive beam with a specific direction. For example, at the beginning of the RACH time slot, BS 110a may configure the transceiver for a first directional receive beam. After receiving power measurements using the first directional receive beam, BS 110a or UE 120a may configure the transceiver for a second directional receive beam.

[0080] In step 816, BS 110a or UE 120a can measure the power received by the directional receiving beam. For example, BS 110a or UE 120a can use the directional receiving beam to determine how much power in the air interface in a particular direction is ambient power.

[0081] In step 818, BS 110a or UE 120a can determine whether the receive beam scan is complete. For example, BS 110a or UE 120a can be configured to generate two or more receive beams during a single RACH time slot to measure the ambient power in the air interface in two or more specific directions. If the beam scan is not complete, operation 800 proceeds to step 820, where the transceiver is configured for the next receive beam. If the beam scan is complete, meaning that two or more receive beams have been generated and power measurements of the air interface in the direction corresponding to each beam have been taken, operation 800 proceeds to step 822, where BS 110a or UE 120a determines whether the power values ​​corresponding to the power measurements of the two or more receive beams meet a threshold condition. In some examples, if the power measurement meets the threshold condition, the operation proceeds to step 824, where BS 110a or UE 120a transmits a radar waveform in the direction corresponding to the received beam with the power measurement that meets the threshold condition. Alternatively, if none of the power measurements for each received beam meets the threshold condition, BS 110a or UE 120a may not transmit a radar waveform.

[0082] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating an example operation 900 for wireless communication according to certain aspects of this disclosure. Operation 900 can be performed, for example, by a BS (e.g., BS 110a such as in wireless communication network 100) or a UE (e.g., UE 120a such as in wireless communication network 100). Operation 900 can be implemented as a process in one or more processors (e.g., Figure 2 Software components that execute and run on the controller / processor 240. Additionally, for example, via one or more antennas (e.g., Figure 2The antenna 234 enables the transmission and reception of signals performed by the BS in operation 900. In some aspects, the transmission and reception of signals performed by the BS can be implemented via a bus interface of one or more processors (e.g., controller / processor 240) that acquires and / or outputs signals.

[0083] Operation 900 can begin in the first step 905 by measuring the received power at each of the multiple receive beams.

[0084] Operation 900 then proceeds to the second step 910 by determining whether the measured power received at one or more of the multiple receiving beams meets the threshold condition.

[0085] Then, operation 900 proceeds to the third step 915, wherein if the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies a threshold condition, the operation then proceeds to the fourth step 920 and the fifth step 925. In the fourth step 920, operation 900 includes selecting a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receiving beams that satisfy the threshold condition. In the fifth step 925, operation 900 includes transmitting a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0086] In some aspects, selecting a directional transmission beam further includes: determining which of one or more of a plurality of receiving beams having a measured power that satisfies a threshold condition is associated with the lowest measured power relative to the other receiving beams, wherein the selected directional transmission beam has the same direction as the receiving beam having the lowest measured power relative to the other receiving beams.

[0087] In some respects, each of the multiple receiving beams is characterized by an azimuth offset relative to the other receiving beams.

[0088] In some aspects, operation 900 also includes: measuring the received power of each of a plurality of receive beams during a single time slot, wherein each of the plurality of receive beams is measured continuously for a duration of at least two symbols.

[0089] In some respects, a single time slot is a random access channel (RACH) time slot in a time division duplex (TDD) carrier.

[0090] In some aspects, operation 900 also includes: if the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams does not meet a threshold condition, then measuring the received power at each of the plurality of receive beams during the next RACH time slot.

[0091] In some aspects, a single time slot includes multiple symbols. In some aspects, the multiple receive beams include at least a first receive beam and a second receive beam, wherein the first receive beam has the duration of the first two symbols of the multiple symbols, and wherein the second receive beam has the duration of the second two symbols of the multiple symbols. In some aspects, a directional transmit beam has the duration of the third two symbols of the multiple symbols.

[0092] In some respects, measuring the received power at each of a plurality of receive beams includes measuring the power-interference ratio at each of the plurality of receive beams.

[0093] Figure 10 The illustration shows operations that may include being configured to perform techniques disclosed herein (such as...). Figure 8 and Figure 9 The communication device 1000 comprises various components (e.g., corresponding to component plus functional components) in operation as illustrated in the diagram. The communication device 1000 includes a processing system 1002 coupled to a transceiver 1008. The transceiver 1008 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communication device 1000 via an antenna 1010, such as the various signals described herein. The processing system 1002 may be configured to perform processing functions for the communication device 1000, including processing signals received by and / or to be transmitted by the communication device 1000.

[0094] Processing system 1002 includes processor 1004 coupled to computer-readable medium / memory 1012 via bus 1006. In some aspects, computer-readable medium / memory 1012 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by processor 1004, cause processor 1004 to perform. Figure 8 and Figure 9The operations shown herein, or other operations used to perform the various techniques discussed herein for spatial sensing and avoiding interference for transmitting radar waveforms, are also included. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1012 stores: code 1032 for measuring the received power at each of a plurality of receive beams; code 1034 for determining whether the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies a threshold condition; code 1036 for selecting a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receive beams that satisfy the threshold condition; and code 1038 for transmitting a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam. In some aspects, the processor 1020 has circuitry configured to implement the code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 1012. The processor 1004 includes: circuitry 1020 for measuring the received power at each of a plurality of receiving beams; circuitry 1022 for determining whether the measured received power at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies a threshold condition; circuitry 1024 for selecting a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receiving beams that satisfy the threshold condition; and circuitry 1026 for transmitting a radar waveform on the directional transmission beam.

[0095] Additional Notes

[0096] The techniques described in this article can be used in various wireless communication technologies, such as NR (e.g., 5G NR), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), and other networks. The terms "network" and "system" are often used interchangeably. CDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), cdma2000, etc. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variations of CDMA. cdma2000 covers the IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. TDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). OFDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as NR (e.g., 5G RA), evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDMA, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). LTE and LTE-A are UMTS versions using E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, and GSM are described in documents from an organization called the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization called the 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2). NR is an emerging wireless communication technology under development.

[0097] The techniques described herein can be used in the aforementioned wireless networks and radio technologies, as well as other wireless networks and radio technologies. For clarity, although terms commonly associated with 3G, 4G, and / or 5G wireless technologies may be used to describe aspects herein, aspects of this disclosure can be applied to other generation-based communication systems.

[0098] In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​a Node B (NB) and / or the NB subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In NR systems, the term "cell" is used interchangeably with BS, Next Generation Node B (gNB or gNodeB), Access Point (AP), Distributed Unit (DU), Carrier, Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), or Transmitter / Receiver Point (TRP). A BS can provide communication coverage for macrocells, picocells, femtocells, and / or other types of cells. A macrocell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access for UEs with service subscriptions. A picocell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access for UEs with service subscriptions. A femtocell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and can allow restricted access for UEs associated with that femtocell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), UEs of home users, etc.). A BS used for a macrocell can be called a macro BS. A BS used for a picocell can be called a pico BS. A BS used for a femtocell can be called a femtocell BS or a home BS.

[0099] A UE can also be referred to as a mobile station, terminal, access terminal, subscriber unit, station, cellular phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless modem, wireless communication device, handheld device, laptop computer, cordless phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, tablet computer, camera, gaming device, netbook, smartbook, ultrabook, home appliance, medical device or medical apparatus, biosensor / device, wearable device (such as smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet, etc.)), entertainment device (e.g., music device, video device, satellite radio, etc.), vehicle component or sensor, smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, GPS device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media. Some UEs can be considered as machine-type communication (MTC) devices or evolved MTC (eMTC) devices. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc., which can communicate with a BS, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Wireless nodes can provide connectivity, for example, to or from a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or cellular networks), via wired or wireless communication links. Some UEs can be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, which can be narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices.

[0100] Some wireless networks (e.g., LTE) use Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) on the downlink and Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) on the uplink. OFDM and SC-FDM divide the system bandwidth into multiple (K) orthogonal subcarriers, which are often also referred to as tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier can be modulated using data. Generally, modulation symbols are transmitted using OFDM in the frequency domain and SC-FDM in the time domain. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers can be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) can depend on the system bandwidth. For example, the subcarrier spacing can be 15 kHz, and the minimum resource allocation (called a "resource block (RB)") can be 12 subcarriers (or 180 kHz). Therefore, for system bandwidths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 MHz, the nominal Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) size can be equal to 128, 256, 512, 1024, or 2048, respectively. System bandwidth can also be divided into subbands. For example, a subband can cover 1.08 MHz (e.g., 6 RBs), and for system bandwidths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 MHz, there can be 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 subbands, respectively. In LTE, the basic transmission time interval (TTI) or packet duration is a 1 ms subframe.

[0101] NR can utilize OFDM with CP on both uplink and downlink, and includes support for half-duplex operation using TDD. In NR, subframes are still 1ms, but the basic TTI is called a slot. Subframes contain a variable number of slots (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, 16… slots), depending on the subcarrier spacing. NR RBs are 12 consecutive frequency subcarriers. NR can support a basic subcarrier spacing of 15kHz, and other subcarrier spacings can be defined relative to the basic subcarrier spacing, such as 30kHz, 60kHz, 120kHz, 240kHz, etc. Symbol and slot lengths are proportional to the subcarrier spacing. The CP length also depends on the subcarrier spacing. Beamforming can be supported, and beam direction can be dynamically configured. MIMO transmission using pre-coded DL can also be supported. In some examples, MIMO configurations in DL can support up to 8 transmit antennas, with up to 8 streams in multilayer DL transmission and up to 2 streams per UE. In some examples, multilayer transmission with up to 2 streams per UE can be supported. Up to eight serving cells can be used to support the aggregation of multiple cells.

[0102] In some examples, access to the air interface can be scheduled. A scheduling entity (e.g., a BS) allocates resources for communication between some or all devices and equipment within its service area or cell. The scheduling entity can be responsible for scheduling, allocating, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communication, subordinate entities utilize the resources allocated by the scheduling entity. A base station is not the only entity that can act as a scheduling entity. In some examples, a UE can act as a scheduling entity and can schedule resources for one or more subordinate entities (e.g., one or more other UEs), and other UEs can utilize the resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communication. In some examples, a UE can act as a scheduling entity in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks and / or mesh networks. In mesh network examples, in addition to communicating with a scheduling entity, UEs can communicate directly with each other.

[0103] In some examples, two or more subordinate entities (e.g., UEs) can communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Real-world applications of such sidelink communication can include public safety, proximity services, UE-to-network relay, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, Internet of Things (IoE) communication, IoT communication, mission-critical mesh, and / or various other suitable applications. Generally, a sidelink signal can refer to a signal used to communicate from one subordinate entity (e.g., UE1) to another subordinate entity (e.g., UE2) without relaying the communication through a scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS), even if scheduling examples can be used for scheduling and / or control purposes. In some examples, sidelink signals can communicate using licensed spectrum (unlike wireless LANs, which typically use unlicensed spectrum).

[0104] The methods disclosed herein include one or more steps or actions for implementing these methods. The method steps and / or actions may be interchanged without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is specified, the order and / or use of specific steps and / or actions may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0105] As used herein, the phrase “at least one” in a list of items refers to any combination of these items, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, cc, and cccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0106] As used herein, the term "determine" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determine" can include operations, calculations, processing, derivation, research, searching (e.g., looking in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, etc. Similarly, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc. Likewise, "determine" can include parsing, selecting, choosing, building, etc.

[0107] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but are to be consistent with the full scope of the language of the claims, wherein, unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to elements in the singular form is not intended to mean “one and only one”, but rather “one or more”. Unless otherwise specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. All structural and functional equivalents of elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or will be known by one of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not it is expressly recited in the claims. No element of any claim is to be construed under the terms of 35 U.S.SC §112(f) unless it is expressly recited using the phrase “for a component of”, or, in the case of a method claim, using the phrase “for a step of”.

[0108] The various operations of the methods described above can be performed by any suitable component capable of performing the corresponding function. Components may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or processors. Generally, in the case of operations as shown in the figures, these operations may have corresponding components plus functional components with similar numbering.

[0109] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with this disclosure can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a combination of multiple microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors incorporating a DSP core, or any other combination of this configuration.

[0110] If implemented in hardware, the example hardware configuration could include a processing system in a wireless node. The processing system could be implemented with a bus architecture. The bus could include any number of interconnect buses and bridges, depending on the specific application and overall design constraints of the processing system. The bus could link together various circuits, including a processor, machine-readable media, and a bus interface. The bus interface could be used to connect network adapters, etc., to the processing system via the bus. The network adapter could be used to implement signal processing functions at the PHY layer. In user terminal 120 (see...) Figure 1 In this case, a user interface (e.g., keyboard, display, mouse, joystick, etc.) can also be connected to the bus. The bus can also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, etc., which are known in the art and therefore will not be described further. The processor can be implemented as one or more general-purpose and / or special-purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuits capable of executing software. Those skilled in the art will recognize how the described functionality for processing the system can be optimally implemented based on the specific application and the overall design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0111] If implemented in software, functionality can be stored or sent as one or more instructions or code to a computer-readable medium. Software should be interpreted broadly to mean instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media, with communication media encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. The processor may be responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including the execution of software modules stored on the machine-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be coupled to the processor, allowing the processor to read information from and write information to it. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integrated into the processor. For example, machine-readable media may include transmission lines, carrier waves modulated by data, and / or computer-readable storage media with instructions stored thereon, separate from the wireless node, all accessible to the processor via a bus interface. Alternatively or additionally, the machine-readable medium or any portion thereof may be integrated into the processor, such as in cases where it may have a cache and / or a general-purpose register file. Examples of machine-readable storage media may include RAM (Random Access Memory), flash memory, ROM (Read-Only Memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), registers, disks, optical disks, hard disks, or any other suitable storage media or any combination thereof. Machine-readable media may be embodied in computer program products.

[0112] Software modules can comprise a single instruction or a number of instructions, and can be distributed across several different code segments, different programs, and multiple storage media. Computer-readable media can include several software modules. A software module includes instructions that, when executed by a device such as a processor, cause the processing system to perform various functions. Software modules can include sending modules and receiving modules. Each software module can reside in a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices. For example, when a triggering event occurs, a software module can be loaded from a hard disk drive into RAM. During the execution of a software module, the processor can load some instructions into a cache to increase access speed. Then, one or more cache lines are loaded into a general-purpose register file for execution by the processor. When referring to the functionality of a software module below, it will be understood that this functionality is implemented by the processor when instructions from that software module are executed.

[0113] Similarly, any connection is properly referred to as computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies (such as infrared (IR), radio, and microwave), then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies (such as infrared, radio, and microwave) are all included in the definition of medium. As used herein, disk and disc include compact discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and... Disks, where data is typically magnetically reproduced, and optically reproduced using lasers. Therefore, in some aspects, computer-readable media may include non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., tangible media). Furthermore, in other aspects, computer-readable media may include transient computer-readable media (e.g., signals). Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0114] Therefore, certain aspects may include a computer program product for performing the operations presented herein. For example, such a computer program product may include a computer-readable medium having instructions stored (and / or encoded thereon) thereon, which can be executed by one or more processors to perform the operations described herein, for example, for performing the operations described herein and... Figure 8 and / or Figure 9 The instructions for the operation shown are as follows.

[0115] Furthermore, it should be understood that modules and / or other suitable components for performing the methods and techniques described herein may be downloaded and / or otherwise obtained by the user terminal and / or base station (if applicable). For example, this device may be coupled to a server to facilitate the transfer of components for performing the methods described herein. Alternatively, the various methods described herein may be provided via storage components (e.g., RAM, ROM, physical storage media such as CDs or floppy disks, etc.) so that the user terminal and / or base station can obtain the various methods when coupled to the device or when providing storage components to the device. Furthermore, any other suitable techniques for providing the methods and techniques described herein to the device may be utilized.

[0116] It will be understood that the claims are not limited to the precise configuration and components described above. Various modifications, alterations, and variations may be made to the arrangement, operation, and details of the methods and apparatus described above without departing from the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting interference by network entities, comprising: Received power is measured at each of the multiple receive beams during a single time slot; Determine whether the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies a threshold condition; If the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies the threshold condition: A directional transmission beam is selected based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receiving beams that satisfy the threshold condition; as well as During the single time slot, a radar waveform is transmitted on the directional transmission beam.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Selecting the directional transmit beam further includes: determining which of the plurality of receive beams having a measured power that satisfies the threshold condition is associated with the lowest measured power among the plurality of receive beams, wherein the selected directional transmit beam has the same direction as the receive beam having the lowest measured power among the plurality of receive beams.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the plurality of receiving beams is characterized by an azimuth offset relative to another of the plurality of receiving beams.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the plurality of receiving beams is measured continuously for a duration of at least two symbols.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The single time slot is the random access channel (RACH) time slot in a time division duplex (TDD) carrier.

6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising: If the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams does not meet the threshold condition, the received power at each of the plurality of receive beams is measured during the next RACH time slot.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The single time slot includes multiple symbols; The plurality of receiving beams includes at least a first receiving beam and a second receiving beam, wherein the first receiving beam has a duration of two symbols of a first type of the plurality of symbols, and wherein the second receiving beam has a duration of two symbols of a second type of the plurality of symbols; and The directional transmission beam has the duration of the third two symbols of the plurality of symbols.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Measuring the received power at each of the plurality of receiving beams includes measuring the power-to-interference ratio at each of the plurality of receiving beams.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The network entity is a base station (BS) or a user equipment (UE).

10. A network entity configured to detect interference on an air interface, comprising: Memory; as well as Processor, wherein the memory communication is coupled to the memory and configured to: Received power is measured at each of the multiple receive beams during a single time slot; Determine whether the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies a threshold condition; If the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams satisfies the threshold condition, the processor is further configured to: A directional transmission beam is selected based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receive beams that satisfy the threshold condition; and During the single time slot, a radar waveform is transmitted on the directional transmission beam.

11. The network entity according to claim 10, wherein, The processor configured to select the directional transmission beam is further configured to: Determine which of the plurality of receive beams having a measured power that satisfies the threshold condition is associated with the lowest measured power among the plurality of receive beams, wherein the selected directional transmit beam has the same direction as the receive beam having the lowest measured power among the plurality of receive beams.

12. The network entity according to claim 10, wherein, Each of the plurality of receiving beams is characterized by an azimuth offset relative to another of the plurality of receiving beams.

13. The network entity according to claim 10, wherein, Each of the plurality of receiving beams is measured continuously for a duration of at least two symbols.

14. The network entity according to claim 10, wherein, The single time slot is the random access channel (RACH) time slot in a time division duplex (TDD) carrier.

15. The network entity according to claim 14, wherein, If the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams does not meet the threshold condition, the processor is further configured to measure the received power at each of the plurality of receive beams during the next RACH time slot.

16. The network entity according to claim 10, wherein: The single time slot includes multiple symbols; The plurality of receiving beams includes at least a first receiving beam and a second receiving beam, wherein the first receiving beam has a duration of two symbols of a first type of the plurality of symbols, and wherein the second receiving beam has a duration of two symbols of a second type of the plurality of symbols; and The directional transmission beam has the duration of the third two symbols of the plurality of symbols.

17. The network entity according to claim 10, wherein, Measuring the received power at each of the plurality of receiving beams includes measuring the power-to-interference ratio at each of the plurality of receiving beams.

18. The network entity according to claim 10, wherein, The network entity is a base station (BS) or a user equipment (UE).

19. An apparatus for detecting interference, comprising: A component used to measure the received power at each of multiple receive beams during a single time slot; A component for determining whether the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams meets a threshold condition; If the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies the threshold condition: Components for selecting a directional transmission beam based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receive beams that satisfy the threshold condition; as well as A component for transmitting radar waveforms on the directional transmission beam during the single time slot.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising: A component for determining which of the plurality of receive beams having measured power satisfying the threshold condition is associated with the lowest measured power among the plurality of receive beams, wherein the selected directional transmit beam has the same direction as the receive beam having the lowest measured power among the plurality of receive beams.

21. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein, Each of the plurality of receiving beams is characterized by an azimuth offset relative to another of the plurality of receiving beams.

22. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein, Each of the plurality of receiving beams is measured continuously for a duration of at least two symbols.

23. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein, The single time slot is the random access channel (RACH) time slot in a time division duplex (TDD) carrier.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, further comprising: If the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receive beams does not meet the threshold condition, the component for measuring the received power at each of the plurality of receive beams during the next RACH time slot.

25. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein: The single time slot includes multiple symbols; The plurality of receiving beams includes at least a first receiving beam and a second receiving beam, wherein the first receiving beam has a duration of two symbols of a first type of the plurality of symbols, and wherein the second receiving beam has a duration of two symbols of a second type of the plurality of symbols; and The directional transmission beam has the duration of the third two symbols of the plurality of symbols.

26. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein, The component for measuring the received power at each of the plurality of receive beams includes: a component for measuring the power-to-interference ratio at each of the plurality of receive beams.

27. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, said instructions, when executed by a processor of a device, causing the device to perform a method of detecting interference on an air interface, said method comprising: Received power is measured at each of the multiple receive beams during a single time slot; Determine whether the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies a threshold condition; If the measured power received at one or more of the plurality of receiving beams satisfies the threshold condition: A directional transmission beam is selected based on the direction of one or more of the plurality of receiving beams that satisfy the threshold condition; as well as During the single time slot, a radar waveform is transmitted on the directional transmission beam.

28. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to claim 27, wherein, The method further includes: determining which of the plurality of receive beams having measured power that satisfies the threshold condition is associated with the lowest measured power among the plurality of receive beams, wherein the selected directional transmit beam has the same direction as the receive beam having the lowest measured power among the plurality of receive beams.

29. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to claim 27, wherein, Each of the plurality of receiving beams is characterized by an azimuth offset relative to another of the plurality of receiving beams.

30. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to claim 27, wherein, Each of the plurality of receiving beams is measured continuously for a duration of at least two symbols.

Images