A method for detecting stress in concrete members using ultrasonic amplitude and phase spectra.

Abstract

This invention provides a method for detecting stress in concrete components using ultrasonic amplitude and phase spectra, comprising: transmitting a detection sound wave from one side of the concrete component to be tested via a transmitter; the detection sound wave passing through the concrete component to be tested and exiting from the other side; receiving the detection sound wave from the other side of the concrete component to be tested using a receiver to obtain an observation sound wave; obtaining the amplitude and phase spectra of the observation sound wave through Fourier transform; and analyzing the amplitude and phase spectra of the observation sound wave to determine the stress change in the concrete component to be tested, thereby obtaining the stress detection result of the concrete component. This invention uses ultrasonic amplitude and phase spectra to detect stress in concrete components. By obtaining the amplitude and phase spectra of the received wave through Fourier transform and determining the stress change based on the amplitude and phase spectra, it can both ensure the amplification effect of the wake wave on the stress effect and eliminate the influence of noise frequencies on the test results by determining the dominant frequency through Fourier transform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology, and in particular to a method for detecting stress in concrete components using ultrasonic amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum. Background Technology

[0002] Structural stress is one of the important indicators reflecting the overall condition of a structure. In engineering structural design and structural safety evaluation systems, stress is one of the key indicators controlling structural design and evaluation. There is a significant market demand for the detection of actual stress in structural members. Ultrasonic testing methods for concrete stress are mainly based on the acoustoelastic theory and utilize ultrasonic waves. However, existing methods have limitations: acoustic parameters related to the direct wave are less affected by noise interference but are not sensitive enough to stress changes; acoustic parameters related to the wake wave are more sensitive to stress but are easily affected by "noise interference waves," resulting in poor stability of the test results. Therefore, this invention proposes a method for detecting stress in concrete members using ultrasonic amplitude and phase spectra. The amplitude and phase spectra of the received wave are obtained through Fourier transform, and stress changes are determined based on these spectra. This method ensures the amplification effect of the wake wave on the stress effect while eliminating the influence of noise frequencies on the test results by determining the dominant frequency through Fourier transform. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for detecting stress in concrete components using ultrasonic amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for detecting stress in concrete components using ultrasonic amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum, comprising:

[0005] The detector emits sound waves from one side of the concrete component to be inspected using a transmitter.

[0006] The detection sound wave passes through the concrete component to be tested and is output from the other side;

[0007] The detection sound wave is received on the other side of the concrete component to be tested using a receiver to obtain the observation sound wave;

[0008] The amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave are obtained by performing a Fourier transform on the observed sound wave.

[0009] The stress changes of the concrete component under test are determined by analyzing the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave, and the stress test results of the concrete component are obtained.

[0010] Furthermore, when the transmitter emits a detection sound wave on one side of the concrete component to be tested, the transmitter emits the same detection sound wave under the same emission conditions.

[0011] Furthermore, when obtaining the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave through Fourier transform, a time-domain signal of the observed sound wave corresponding to a certain time range is selected as the target object from the observed sound wave received by the receiver; a Fourier transform is performed on the target object, and the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the target object are obtained through the Fourier transform; wherein, when selecting a time range, the initial time when the receiver receives the observed sound wave is taken as the starting time of the time range, and the ending time of the time range is a time selected from the timestamp of the receiver receiving the observed sound wave, and the starting time and the ending time of the time range are not the same.

[0012] Furthermore, the stress changes of the concrete component under test are determined by analyzing the amplitude and phase spectra of the observed sound waves, including:

[0013] The amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave are analyzed to determine the phase change data of the observed sound wave;

[0014] Analyze the transmission path of the detected sound wave in the concrete component to be tested, and determine the straight-line distance of the transmission path;

[0015] The stress change data of the concrete component under test is determined by combining the phase change data of the observed sound wave and the straight-line distance of the transmission path with the property constants of the concrete component under test. The stress change data of the concrete component under test is positively correlated with the phase change data of the observed sound wave and the property constants of the concrete component under test, and negatively correlated with the straight-line distance of the transmission path.

[0016] Furthermore, the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave are analyzed to determine the phase change data of the observed sound wave, including:

[0017] The frequency value corresponding to the maximum amplitude value in the amplitude spectrum of the observed sound wave is determined as the dominant frequency of the received wave of the observed sound wave;

[0018] The phase value of the received wave main frequency is determined for the observed sound wave under different stress states;

[0019] The phase change data of the observed sound wave is obtained by comparing the difference between the received wave's main frequency phase value and the phase difference.

[0020] Furthermore, the property constants of the concrete component to be tested are obtained as follows:

[0021] A cube of the same material as the concrete component to be tested is prepared as a standard specimen based on the concrete component to be tested.

[0022] The cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen, and the sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen are obtained by measurement.

[0023] The internal stress of the standard specimen is determined by the internal stress calculation formula of the component based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen, and the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen, thereby obtaining multiple stress states.

[0024] Multiple dominant frequency phase values ​​were obtained under the various stress states;

[0025] The property constants of the concrete component to be tested are calculated based on the multiple dominant frequency phase values, various stress states, and the sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen.

[0026] Furthermore, the stress detection result of the concrete component is determined based on the stress change of the concrete component to be tested, and the stress detection result of the concrete component presents a fuzzy evaluation result, wherein the fuzzy evaluation result is determined based on the mapping relationship between the stress change of the concrete component to be tested and the fuzzy evaluation result.

[0027] Furthermore, when the receiver receives the detection sound wave on the other side of the concrete component to be tested, the position of the receiver remains unchanged after the position of the receiver receiving the detection sound wave for the first time is determined, and the position of the receiver can only be changed when the detection sound wave emitted by the transmitter changes.

[0028] Furthermore, the transmitter, when transmitting the detection sound wave, includes: setting ultrasonic transducer parameters and setting transmission conditions; the ultrasonic transducer parameters include: one or a combination of the ultrasonic transducer's density, elastic constant matrix, piezoelectric matrix, and dielectric matrix; the transmission conditions include: the transmission position of the detection sound wave, the angle at which it enters the concrete component to be tested, and the transmission frequency; when transmitting the detection sound wave, the transmitter also temporarily caches the ultrasonic transducer parameters and the settings of the transmission conditions. When the same detection sound wave is transmitted again, the transmitter directly retrieves the temporarily cached information on the ultrasonic transducer parameters and the settings of the transmission conditions corresponding to the detection sound wave to transmit the detection sound wave.

[0029] Furthermore, the receiver includes: a receiving probe, a fixing module, a signal processing module, a main control module, and a display module;

[0030] The fixing module is connected to the receiving probe and is used to fix the position of the receiving probe.

[0031] The receiving probe is also connected to the signal processing module, and is used to receive the detection sound waves passing through the concrete component to be tested, obtain the received signal, and transmit the received signal to the signal processing module;

[0032] The signal processing module is connected to the main control module and is used to perform signal processing and signal conversion on the received signal according to the signal processing method set by the main control module to obtain the observed sound wave.

[0033] The main control module is also connected to the display module and is used to set the signal processing method of the signal processing module and to perform display control as needed.

[0034] The display module is used to present the information to be displayed according to the display control in the main control module.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a method for detecting stress in concrete components using ultrasonic amplitude and phase spectra as described in this invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a method for detecting stress in concrete components using ultrasonic amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum, as described in this invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of determining the phase change data of the observed sound wave in a method for detecting stress in concrete components using ultrasonic amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum as described in this invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of obtaining the property constants of the concrete component to be tested in a method for detecting stress in a concrete component using ultrasonic amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for detecting stress in concrete components using ultrasonic amplitude and phase spectra, comprising:

[0044] Step 1: Emits detection sound waves on one side of the concrete component to be tested using a transmitter;

[0045] Step 2: The detection sound wave passes through the concrete component to be tested and is output from the other side;

[0046] Step 3: Use a receiver to receive the detection sound wave on the other side of the concrete component to be tested, and obtain the observation sound wave;

[0047] Step 4: Obtain the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave by performing a Fourier transform.

[0048] Step 5: Analyze the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave to determine the stress change of the concrete component to be tested, and obtain the stress test results of the concrete component.

[0049] The above technical solution, when detecting stress in concrete components, firstly transmits detection sound waves from one side of the concrete component to be tested via a transmitter, and then outputs the detection sound waves from the other side of the concrete component. A receiver then receives the detection sound waves from the other side of the concrete component to obtain observation sound waves. Next, the observation sound waves are processed using Fourier transform to obtain the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observation sound waves. Finally, the changes in the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observation sound waves are analyzed to determine the stress changes in the concrete component to be tested, and then the stress detection result of the concrete component is obtained based on the stress changes in the concrete component to be tested.

[0050] The above technical solution uses Fourier transform to process the observed acoustic wave, and then uses the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed acoustic wave as parameters for analysis. This not only ensures the amplification effect of the wake wave on the stress effect, but also eliminates the influence of noise frequency on the stress detection results of the concrete component under test. This improves the stability of the test results and the accuracy of the stress detection results of the concrete component under test.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, when a transmitter emits a detection sound wave on one side of a concrete component to be tested, the transmitter emits the same detection sound wave under the same emission conditions.

[0052] In the above technical solution, when the transmitter emits the same detection sound wave multiple times, it emits under the same conditions each time. These conditions include factors such as the transmitter's parameter settings, the transmitter's position on the concrete component to be tested, and the input angle of the detection sound wave on the concrete component to be tested.

[0053] The above technical solution, by transmitting the same detection sound wave under the same transmission conditions, can avoid changes in the observed sound wave caused by environmental parameters, thereby improving the stability of test results and the stress detection results of concrete components.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, when obtaining the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave through Fourier transform, a time-domain signal of the observed sound wave corresponding to a time range is selected as the target object from the observed sound waves received by the receiver; a Fourier transform is performed on the target object, and the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the target object are obtained through the Fourier transform; wherein, when selecting a time range, the initial time when the receiver receives the observed sound wave is taken as the starting time of the time range, and the ending time of the time range is a time selected from the timestamp of the receiver receiving the observed sound wave, and the starting time and the ending time of the time range are not the same.

[0055] In the above technical solution, when obtaining the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave through Fourier transform, a time-domain signal of the observed sound wave corresponding to a certain time range is selected as the target object from the observed sound wave received by the receiver. A Fourier transform is then performed on the target object to obtain its amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum. Specifically, when selecting a time range, the initial moment when the receiver receives the observed sound wave is taken as the starting point of the time range, while the ending point of the time range is a time selected from the timestamp of the receiver's reception of the observed sound wave. The selection of the timestamp is based on actual circumstances, but the selected time is different from and greater than the starting point of the time range.

[0056] The above technical solution selects the time-domain signal of the observed sound wave corresponding to a certain time range from the observed sound wave received by the receiver as the target object, and performs Fourier transform only on the target object. This not only reduces the time consumed by the Fourier transform and improves the efficiency of obtaining the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave, but also ensures that the cutoff time of the time range is selected according to the actual situation based on the timestamp of the receiver receiving the observed sound wave, so that the target object does not lack the characteristics of the observed sound wave, thus ensuring the accuracy of the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, analyzing the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave to determine the stress change of the concrete component to be tested includes:

[0058] The amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave are analyzed to determine the phase change data of the observed sound wave;

[0059] Analyze the transmission path of the detected sound wave in the concrete component to be tested, and determine the straight-line distance of the transmission path;

[0060] The stress change data of the concrete component under test is determined by combining the phase change data of the observed sound wave and the straight-line distance of the transmission path with the property constants of the concrete component under test. The stress change data of the concrete component under test is positively correlated with the phase change data of the observed sound wave and the property constants of the concrete component under test, and negatively correlated with the straight-line distance of the transmission path.

[0061] The above technical solution, when analyzing the amplitude and phase spectra of the observed sound waves to determine the stress changes of the concrete component under test, firstly analyzes the amplitude and phase spectra of the observed sound waves to determine whether the amplitude and phase spectra have changed, and obtains the phase change data of the observed sound waves based on the changes; then, it analyzes the propagation characteristics of the sound waves in the concrete component under test to determine the transmission path, and determines the straight-line distance of the transmission path; next, it combines the phase change data of the observed sound waves and the straight-line distance of the transmission path with the property constants of the concrete component under test to determine the stress change data of the concrete component under test. The stress change data of the concrete component under test is positively correlated with the phase change data of the observed sound waves and the property constants of the concrete component under test, and negatively correlated with the straight-line distance of the transmission path. The specific determination formula is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where Δσ represents the stress variation data of the concrete member to be tested, and K represents the property constant of the concrete member to be tested. d represents the phase change data of the observed sound wave, and d represents the straight-line distance of the transmission path.

[0064] The above technical solution directly obtains the stress change data of the concrete component under test by observing the phase change data of the sound wave, the straight-line distance of the transmission path, and the property constants of the concrete component under test. This allows the stress of the concrete component under test to be reflected by observing the changes in the phase change data of the sound wave, the straight-line distance of the transmission path, and the property constants of the concrete component under test. Moreover, the stress change data of the concrete component under test is obtained based on empirical formulas. This method not only allows for the rapid acquisition of stress change data in the concrete component under test, but also provides small errors and high precision. Furthermore, it ensures that parameters such as the phase change data of the observed sound wave, the straight-line distance of the transmission path, and the property constants of the concrete component under test are not easily affected by noise interference waves, thus improving the stability of these parameters.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave are analyzed to determine the phase change data of the observed sound wave, including:

[0066] Find the maximum amplitude value in the amplitude spectrum of the observed sound wave to determine the dominant frequency of the received wave of the observed sound wave;

[0067] The phase value of the received wave main frequency is determined for the observed sound wave under different stress states;

[0068] The phase change data of the observed sound wave is obtained by comparing the difference between the received wave's main frequency phase value and the phase difference.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, the above technical solution includes the following steps in determining the phase change data of the observed sound wave:

[0070] S101. Find the maximum amplitude value in the amplitude spectrum of the observed sound wave, and determine the dominant frequency ω0 of the received sound wave based on the maximum amplitude value.

[0071] S102. Calculate the phase value of the received wave under the stress state corresponding to the dominant frequency ω0 of the observed acoustic wave using the phase spectrum. By changing different stress states, the dominant frequency phase values ​​of the received wave under different stress states can be obtained respectively. The value of n is determined by the number of stress states.

[0072] S103. The phase change data of the observed sound wave is obtained by comparing the difference between the received wave's main frequency phase value and the phase value using the following formula.

[0073]

[0074] In the above formula, This represents the phase value of the dominant frequency of the received wave under the i-th stress state.

[0075] The above technical solution directly obtains the phase change data of the observed sound wave by analyzing its amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum. This method is not only simple and convenient, but also less prone to calculation errors, thereby improving the accuracy of the phase change data of the observed sound wave.

[0076] In one embodiment of the present invention, the property constants of the concrete member to be tested are obtained including:

[0077] A cube of the same material as the concrete component to be tested is obtained as a standard specimen based on the concrete component to be tested.

[0078] The cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen, and the sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen are obtained by measurement.

[0079] The internal stress of the standard specimen is determined by the internal stress calculation formula of the component based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen, and the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen, thereby obtaining multiple stress states.

[0080] Multiple dominant frequency phase values ​​were obtained under the various stress states;

[0081] The property constants of the concrete component to be tested are calculated based on the multiple dominant frequency phase values, various stress states, and the sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen.

[0082] like Figure 4 As shown, the above technical solution involves the following steps in obtaining the property constants of the concrete member to be tested:

[0083] S301. Prepare a standard specimen. Obtain a cube of the same material as the concrete component to be tested as the standard specimen, and use the standard specimen as the research object.

[0084] S302. Obtain the cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen, and the sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen by measuring the standard specimen.

[0085] S303. Based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen, and the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen, the internal stress of the standard specimen is determined using the internal stress calculation formula for the component, thus obtaining multiple stress states. The internal stress calculation formula for the component is as follows:

[0086] σ=F / S

[0087] In the above formula, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, σ is the internal stress state data of the component, and F is the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen and the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen.

[0088] By changing the value of F, multiple stress state data of the internal stress state of the component can be obtained, thus obtaining multiple stress states;

[0089] S304. Obtain multiple dominant frequency phase values ​​under various stress states. The method for obtaining multiple dominant frequency phase values ​​is similar to steps S101 and S102. Here, the standard specimen is used as the research object to obtain experimental data. The maximum amplitude value is found in the amplitude spectrum of the experimental data to determine the dominant frequency of the received wave of the observed sound wave. The dominant frequency phase value of the received wave is determined for the dominant frequency of the received wave of the observed sound wave under different stress states.

[0090] S305. Based on multiple dominant frequency phase values, various stress states, and the sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen, the property constants of the concrete member to be tested are calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] In the above formula, K represents the property constant of the concrete member to be tested, n represents the number of stress states, D is the sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen, and σ i Represents the stress state data for the i-th type, σ i-1 This represents the stress state data for the (i-1)th type. This represents the phase value of the dominant frequency of the received wave under the i-th stress state. This represents the phase value of the dominant frequency of the received wave under the (i-1)th stress state.

[0093] The above technical solution determines the property constants of the concrete component under test by constructing a cube of the same material as the concrete component under test as a standard specimen. This method is not only convenient for measurement and easy to obtain data such as the cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen, and the sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen, but also involves fewer parameters and is easy to calculate.

[0094] In one embodiment of the present invention, the stress detection result of the concrete component is determined based on the stress change of the concrete component to be tested, and the stress detection result of the concrete component presents a fuzzy evaluation result, wherein the fuzzy evaluation result is determined based on the mapping relationship between the stress change of the concrete component to be tested and the fuzzy evaluation result.

[0095] The stress testing results of the concrete components in the above technical solution are determined based on the stress changes of the concrete components under test. Furthermore, the stress testing results present fuzzy evaluation results, which are determined based on the mapping relationship between the stress changes of the concrete components under test, the reference stress changes, and the fuzzy evaluation results. This mapping relationship is obtained through comprehensive consideration and measurement analysis by multiple authoritative experts in related technical fields. In determining the stress testing results of the concrete components, the following factors are considered:

[0096] The mapping relationship between stress changes and fuzzy evaluation results is used to organize the fuzzy evaluation results and determine the number of the fuzzy evaluation results;

[0097] The following formula is used to determine the stress change in the concrete member under test:

[0098]

[0099] In the above formula, Y represents the judgment result, p represents the stress change data of the concrete component to be tested, Q represents the number of fuzzy evaluation results, and a l b represents the lower limit of the stress variation range corresponding to the l-th fuzzy evaluation result. l a represents the upper limit of the stress variation range corresponding to the l-th fuzzy evaluation result. k b represents the lower limit of the stress variation range corresponding to the k-th fuzzy evaluation result. k This represents the upper limit of the stress variation range corresponding to the k-th fuzzy evaluation result; where the value of k is 1, 2, ..., Q, and k is sequentially increased from 1. Calculate until the result appears. When the value of Y is obtained, the judgment value Y is obtained, and the fuzzy evaluation result corresponding to the number is determined based on the value of Y, which is the stress detection result of the concrete component.

[0100] The above technical solution presents the stress test results of concrete components in the form of fuzzy evaluation results, which makes it possible to intuitively evaluate the performance of the concrete component under test, thereby increasing the vigilance of relevant personnel. Moreover, it can be obtained without the need for relevant personnel to conduct subjective analysis and judgment. Even non-professionals can understand the condition of the concrete component under test based on the stress test results. At the same time, the mapping relationship between the stress change of the concrete component under test and the reference stress change and the fuzzy evaluation results is obtained by authoritative experts in relevant technical fields, which is highly accurate.

[0101] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the receiver receives the detection sound wave on the other side of the concrete component to be tested, the position of the receiver remains unchanged after the position of the receiver receiving the detection sound wave for the first time is determined, and the position of the receiver can only be changed when the detection sound wave emitted by the transmitter changes.

[0102] In the above technical solution, when the receiver is positioned on the other side of the concrete component to be tested to receive the detection sound wave, the position of the receiver remains unchanged after the position of the receiver is determined for the first time the detection sound wave is received, and the position of the receiver can only be changed when the detection sound wave emitted by the transmitter changes.

[0103] The above technical solution ensures that the same detection sound wave is received under the same conditions by fixing the position of the receiver, thus avoiding the influence of different receiver positions on the received monitoring sound waves.

[0104] In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmitter, when transmitting a detection sound wave, includes setting ultrasonic transducer parameters and setting transmission conditions; the ultrasonic transducer parameters include one or a combination of the ultrasonic transducer's density, elastic constant matrix, piezoelectric matrix, and dielectric matrix; the transmission conditions include the transmission position of the detection sound wave, the angle at which it enters the concrete component to be tested, and the transmission frequency; when transmitting the detection sound wave, the settings of the ultrasonic transducer parameters and the transmission conditions are temporarily cached; when the same detection sound wave is transmitted again, the transmitter directly retrieves the temporarily cached information of the ultrasonic transducer parameters and the settings of the transmission conditions corresponding to the detection sound wave to transmit the detection sound wave.

[0105] In the above technical solution, the transmitter needs to set the ultrasonic transducer parameters and transmission conditions for the emitted detection sound wave. The ultrasonic transducer parameters include at least one or a combination of the ultrasonic transducer's density, elastic constant matrix, piezoelectric matrix, and dielectric matrix. The transmission conditions include at least the emission position of the detection sound wave, the angle of entry into the concrete component to be tested, and the emission frequency. Moreover, the set ultrasonic transducer parameters and transmission conditions are temporarily buffered while the detection sound wave is emitted. When the same detection sound wave is emitted again, the transmitter directly retrieves the temporarily buffered ultrasonic transducer parameters corresponding to the detection sound wave and the information on the setting status of the transmission conditions to emit the detection sound wave.

[0106] The above technical solution enables the emitted inspection sound wave to have its own attribute characteristics through the setting of ultrasonic transducer parameters and emission conditions. Moreover, by temporarily caching the set ultrasonic transducer parameters and emission conditions, it is possible to directly replicate the original detection sound wave when the same detection sound wave is emitted again. Furthermore, the retrieval of the temporary cache information will not result in replication errors, and it will also save time in setting the ultrasonic transducer parameters and emission conditions for the detection sound wave.

[0107] In one embodiment of the present invention, the receiver includes: a receiving probe, a fixing module, a signal processing module, a main control module, and a display module;

[0108] The fixing module is connected to the receiving probe and is used to fix the position of the receiving probe.

[0109] The receiving probe is also connected to the signal processing module, and is used to receive the detection sound waves passing through the concrete component to be tested, obtain the received signal, and transmit the received signal to the signal processing module;

[0110] The signal processing module is connected to the main control module and is used to perform signal processing and signal conversion on the received signal according to the signal processing method set by the main control module to obtain the observed sound wave.

[0111] The main control module is also connected to the display module and is used to set the signal processing method of the signal processing module and to perform display control as needed.

[0112] The display module is used to present the information to be displayed according to the display control in the main control module.

[0113] The receiver in the above technical solution includes: a receiving probe, a fixing module, a signal processing module, a main control module, and a display module. The fixing module is connected to the receiving probe, the receiving probe is also connected to the signal processing module, the signal processing module is connected to the main control module, and the main control module is also connected to the display module. When the receiver receives the detection sound wave on the other side of the concrete component to be tested, the fixing module first fixes the position of the receiving probe, and then the receiving probe receives the detection sound wave passing through the concrete component to be tested, thereby obtaining the received signal. The obtained received signal is then transmitted to the signal processing module, which then performs signal processing and signal conversion on the received signal to obtain the observed sound wave. The signal processing module performs signal processing and signal conversion according to the signal processing method set in the main control module. The signal processing includes signal optimization and signal amplification, and the signal conversion includes converting the received signal into a digital signal and circuit signal processing. Moreover, the main control module can also obtain instruction requests, retrieve the signal information of the target stage according to the instruction requests, and display the retrieved signal information of the target stage as the information to be displayed through the display module.

[0114] The above technical solution uses a fixing module to fix the position of the receiving probe, thereby enabling the receiving probe to stably receive the detection sound waves passing through the concrete component to be tested. Furthermore, the signal processing module processes and converts the received signal to obtain a unified standard for the observed sound waves, facilitating their analysis. In addition, the display module allows for intuitive observation of the status and standardization of the received signal during signal processing, making the signal processing and conversion performed by the signal processing module transparent and increasing the understanding of relevant personnel.

[0115] Those skilled in the art should understand that the terms "first" and "second" in this invention merely refer to different application stages.

[0116] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0117] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting stress in concrete components using ultrasonic amplitude and phase spectra, characterized in that, include: The detector emits sound waves from one side of the concrete component to be inspected using a transmitter. The detection sound wave passes through the concrete component to be tested and is output from the other side; The detection sound wave is received on the other side of the concrete component to be tested using a receiver to obtain the observation sound wave; The amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave are obtained by performing a Fourier transform on the observed sound wave. The stress change of the concrete component under test is determined by analyzing the amplitude and phase spectra of the observed sound waves, thus obtaining the stress test results of the concrete component; wherein, the analysis of the amplitude and phase spectra of the observed sound waves to determine the stress change of the concrete component under test includes: The amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave are analyzed to determine the phase change data of the observed sound wave; Analyze the transmission path of the detected sound wave in the concrete component to be tested, and determine the straight-line distance of the transmission path; The stress change data of the concrete component under test is determined by combining the phase change data of the observed sound wave and the straight-line distance of the transmission path with the property constants of the concrete component under test. The stress test results of the concrete component are determined based on the stress changes of the concrete component under test, and the stress test results of the concrete component present fuzzy evaluation results. These fuzzy evaluation results are determined based on the mapping relationship between the stress changes of the concrete component under test and the fuzzy evaluation results. Furthermore, determining the stress test results of the concrete component includes: The mapping relationship between stress changes and fuzzy evaluation results is used to organize the fuzzy evaluation results and determine the number of the fuzzy evaluation results; The following formula is used to determine the stress change in the concrete member under test: In the above formula, Indicates the judgment result. Data indicating stress changes in the concrete component under test. Indicates the number of fuzzy evaluation results. Indicates the first The lower limit of the stress variation range corresponding to each fuzzy evaluation result Indicates the first The upper limit of the stress variation range corresponding to each fuzzy evaluation result Indicates the first The lower limit of the stress variation range corresponding to each fuzzy evaluation result Indicates the first The upper limit of the stress variation range corresponding to each fuzzy evaluation result; where The possible values ​​are ,Will Starting from the value 1, proceed sequentially. Calculate until the following occurs. When, the judgment value is obtained. ; The fuzzy evaluation result corresponding to the value of Y is the stress test result of the concrete component. The property constants of the concrete component to be tested are obtained by means of: A cube of the same material as the concrete component to be tested is prepared as a standard specimen based on the concrete component to be tested. The cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen, and the sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen are obtained by measurement. The internal stress of the standard specimen is determined by the internal stress calculation formula of the component based on the cross-sectional area of ​​the standard specimen, the uniformly distributed force applied to the upper surface of the standard specimen, and the uniformly distributed force applied to the lower surface of the standard specimen, thereby obtaining multiple stress states. Multiple dominant frequency phase values ​​were obtained under the various stress states; Based on the multiple dominant frequency phase values, various stress states, and the acoustic wave transmission distance in the standard specimen, the property constants of the concrete component to be tested are calculated using the following formula: In the above formula, This represents the property constant of the concrete component to be tested. The number of stress states. The sound wave transmission distance in the standard specimen. Indicates the first Stress state data, Indicates the first Stress state data, Indicates the first The phase value of the dominant frequency of the received wave under various stress conditions. Indicates the first The phase value of the dominant frequency of the received wave under various stress conditions; The receiver includes: a receiving probe, a fixing module, a signal processing module, a main control module, and a display module; The fixing module is connected to the receiving probe and is used to fix the position of the receiving probe. The receiving probe is also connected to the signal processing module, and is used to receive the detection sound waves passing through the concrete component to be tested, obtain the received signal, and transmit the received signal to the signal processing module; The signal processing module is connected to the main control module and is used to perform signal processing and signal conversion on the received signal according to the signal processing method set by the main control module to obtain the observed sound wave. The main control module is also connected to the display module and is used to set the signal processing method of the signal processing module and to perform display control as needed. The display module is used to present the information to be displayed according to the display control in the main control module.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a detection sound wave is emitted from one side of the concrete component to be tested by a transmitter, the transmitter emits the same detection sound wave under the same emission conditions.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When obtaining the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the observed sound wave through Fourier transform, a time-domain signal of the observed sound wave corresponding to a certain time range is selected as the target object from the observed sound wave received by the receiver; a Fourier transform is performed on the target object, and the amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum of the target object are obtained through the Fourier transform; wherein, when selecting a time range, the initial time when the receiver receives the observed sound wave is taken as the starting time of the time range, and the ending time of the time range is a time selected from the timestamp of the receiver receiving the observed sound wave, and the starting time and the ending time of the time range are not the same.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stress variation data of the concrete component under test is positively correlated with the phase variation data of the observed acoustic wave and the property constant of the concrete component under test, and negatively correlated with the straight-line distance of the transmission path.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The amplitude and phase spectra of the observed sound wave are analyzed to determine the phase change data of the observed sound wave, including: Find the frequency value corresponding to the maximum amplitude in the amplitude spectrum of the observed sound wave to determine the dominant frequency of the received wave of the observed sound wave; For the received wave of the observed sound wave, the main frequency phase value of the received wave is determined under different stress states respectively; The phase change data of the observed sound wave is obtained by comparing the difference between the received wave's main frequency phase value and the phase difference.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the receiver receives the detection sound wave on the other side of the concrete component to be tested, its position remains unchanged after the position of the receiver when it first receives the detection sound wave, until the detection sound wave emitted by the transmitter changes.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitter, when transmitting detection sound waves, includes: setting ultrasonic transducer parameters and setting transmission conditions; the ultrasonic transducer parameters include: one or a combination of the ultrasonic transducer's density, elastic constant matrix, piezoelectric matrix, and dielectric matrix; the transmission conditions include: the transmission position of the detection sound wave, the angle at which it enters the concrete component to be tested, and the transmission frequency; when transmitting detection sound waves, the transmitter also temporarily caches the ultrasonic transducer parameters and the settings of the transmission conditions. When the same detection sound wave is transmitted again, the transmitter directly retrieves the temporarily cached information on the ultrasonic transducer parameters and the settings of the transmission conditions corresponding to the detection sound wave to transmit the detection sound wave.

Images