evaluating images

Abstract

An evaluation image is provided. A method for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium is described. A reference pattern is stored. The output pattern is printed on the medium accordingly based on the stored reference pattern. A scan-based instance of the output pattern is rendered, the rendered scan-based instance having at least a set of features corresponding to the printed output pattern and zero or more features appended to the set of features. Based on a comparison of the rendered scan-based instance to the stored reference pattern, a difference image is computed, the difference image having the zero or more features of the rendered scan-based instance. When the zero or more features include at least one feature, the computed difference image is evaluated with respect to a proximity of the at least one feature to a location pixel of the reference pattern.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates generally to printing. More specifically, example embodiments of the present invention relate to evaluating symbols printed on media. BACKGROUND

[0002] In general, data patterns and indicia (e.g., bar code patterns, data matrix patterns, optical character recognition (OCR) fonts, textual characters, graphical images, logos, other one-dimensional (ID) and two-dimensional (2D) patterns of geometric and graphical data (referred to herein as "patterns") are useful in a wide variety of applications. Some printers and printing evaluation processes can be specialized for efficiently printing data patterns on labels or other graphic media. For example, bar code printers can thus be widely deployed in a variety of supply chain and identification applications.

[0003] Some bar codes, data patterns, and other symbols include information of significant relevance, importance, or substance related to an operation, endeavor, or enterprise ("operation"). Some of the significant information can be mission critical to the operation. Success of the operation depends at least in part on the mission critical information. Accurate rendering, transactional reliability, and security thus become significant factors related to the mission critical information. The data can also have high temporal value, low duration of recent relevance, and a high level of urgency associated with which timely disposition or appropriate responsiveness can be made based on the accurate rendering.

[0004] In view of their significance, quality-related verification is a significant feature of various printing evaluation processes, and printing evaluation systems are thus associated with production of mission critical printed media. Printing data is verified using scanning and verification processes that compare output instances of images to stored digital references or programmed original instances of the images. Acceptable correlation is determined based on the comparison. For example, OCR processes related to legibility, readability, and correctness consistent with the reference or original can be used to verify alphanumeric, pictographic, or character-based and other text-related data.

[0005] Bar codes and other data patterns can be verified based on scanning processes. For example, cursory, simple scanning can be performed to verify that bar code patterns, QR code patterns, and the like are actually scannable, and thus can be read, decoded, and stored. Additionally or alternatively, data patterns can also be subjected to scanning to ascertain whether they comply with programmed quality specifications, and / or quality standards promulgated by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and other bodies.

[0006] For example, 1D Universal Product Codes (UPC) and 2D matrix data patterns can be specified to meet quality specifications set forth in the "ANSI / UCC 5" standard. Linear (ID) bar code patterns can be specified to meet quality specifications set forth in the "ISO / IEC 12516" standard. Quick Response (QR), Han Xin, and other 2D data patterns can be specified to meet quality specifications set forth in the "ISO / IEC 15415" standard.

[0007] However, these verification techniques can be associated with costs that are not insignificant, related to the time, attention, and distraction from more productive and / or beneficial activities of the operator. Moreover, access to a reference instance corresponding to the printed output product, reflecting the intended, original, programmed, stored, modeled, and / or otherwise "correct" printed product result can be lacking, unavailable, out-of-date, or damaged.

[0008] Individual techniques and independent applications can be used to fully verify the correctness of the data. However, these can tend to increase complexity, cost, and introduce the possibility of inaccuracy. OCR algorithms can use in the following effort: without reference to actual input or other reference data based on the printed output surface, calculate an estimate or essentially "guess" the correctness of the printed output.

[0009] For example, an "Arabic" numeral "4" can be modeled to print a corresponding feature with an open upper portion. However, an OCR can read a character "4" with an upper portion closed by an acute cornered top as "correct." The OCR can thus fail to uncover actual adherence of the output printed product to the reference input.

[0010] To mitigate the effects of delay and costs associated with visual inspection of printed products, an inspection can be limited to "spot checks." However, such spot checks are typically performed only on a portion of the entire printed product. The printed product portion is typically significantly smaller than the entire printed product. For example, although a printed product can include a total of 100, 1000, or 10000 labels, a corresponding spot check can be performed on five percent (5%) of the total product sample, i.e., only five (5), 50, or 500 products are spot checked, respectively. These spot checks thus essentially ignore 95, 950, or 9500 labels, respectively. Such visual inspection can miss some quality-deficient labels and thus can be prone to error at least for the large portion of the printed product that remains unchecked. Thus, the actual correctness of any printed output can remain effectively undetermined in its entirety and at best remain on a statistical inference quality level. Flawed individual products can go unnoticed.

[0011] However, some applications today can at least partially rely on verifying the accuracy of printed products. For example, the accuracy of labeling of prescription drugs can include stringent quality specifications for a printing evaluation process undertaken by pharmacies and other health care businesses. Life-saving drugs, potent narcotics, radiopharmaceuticals, and therapeutic substances and solutions can be dangerous if misused or mislabeled, providing a clear high-level example of the importance of accurate labeling.

[0012] In these aspects, verifying accurate printing of the correct medication label can thus be considered a critical task in the pharmacy and other health care scenarios. In such critical task printing applications, verification based on typical OCR and visual inspection methods can be inadequate.

[0013] Accordingly, it would be useful to verify printed media products of a critical task printing process to confirm that the information presented by the output image accurately corresponds to the original instance or input digital image upon which the printing was based. It would also be useful to verify printed media products without resorting to or relying on OCR-based text-dependent images or confirmation of printed data patterns, or grading against standards, specifications, and / or simple pass / fail inspection. Furthermore, it would be useful to automatically verify printed media products with high accuracy and test throughput speed, avoiding "spot checks" of only a sample portion of the total printed product output without adding significant delay or the need for operator attention. SUMMARY

[0014] Accordingly, in one aspect, one example embodiment of the present invention includes a method for evaluating printed media products of a critical task printing process to verify or confirm that the information presented by the output image accurately corresponds to the original instance and / or input digital "reference" image upon which the printing was based. Example embodiments of the present invention can operate to verify printed media products without resorting to or relying on OCR-based text-dependent images or confirmation of printed data patterns, grading against standards, specifications, but still better than simple pass / fail inspection of the media product's scannability. Furthermore, example embodiments can operate to automatically verify printed media products with high accuracy and test throughput speed, avoiding spot checks of only a sample portion of the total printed product output without adding significant delay or the need for operator attention and focus.

[0015] One example embodiment of the invention relates to a method for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium. A reference pattern is stored. The output pattern is printed on the medium based on the stored reference pattern accordingly. A scan-based instance of the output pattern is rendered, the rendered scan-based instance including a set of features corresponding to at least the printed output pattern, and zero or more features appended to the set of features. Based on a comparison of the rendered scan-based instance to the stored reference pattern, a difference image is computed, the difference image including the zero or more features of the rendered scan-based instance. When the zero or more features include at least one feature, the computed difference image is evaluated with respect to a proximity of the at least one feature to a location of one or more picture elements (pixels) of the reference pattern.

[0016] In one example embodiment, computing the difference image includes performing an exclusive-OR (XOR) logical operation on pixels of the rendered scan-based instance of the output pattern with respect to each corresponding pixel of the stored reference pattern. The at least one of the zero or more features corresponds to a superfluous "defect" feature printed in the output pattern in addition to an expected target pattern modeled by the stored reference pattern.

[0017] Based on the evaluating step, a determination can be made with respect to the proximity. It can be determined that an unacceptably small separation separates a spatial location of one or more pixels of the at least one of the zero or more features and a spatial location corresponding to one or more stored reference pattern pixels. A distance between the defect feature and the output pattern can be determined to be so small that graphical information intended to be represented by the output pattern can likely be corrupted or confused by the defect feature. Upon the determination, a warning is given with respect to the unacceptably small separation. The warning draws attention to the defect and its location in proximity to the output pattern, which allows for (and / or can prompt) an inspection of the output pattern.

[0018] Example embodiments can be implemented in which subsequent printing of the output pattern is adjusted based on the determination of insufficient proximity. In the adjusted subsequent printing, the at least one of the zero or more features of insufficient proximity is removed from the output pattern of the subsequent printing. The subsequent printing can be adjusted based on user input received in response to the inspection of the given warning. The subsequent printing can also or alternatively be automatically adjusted based on the determination.

[0019] Based on the evaluation, it can also (or alternatively) be determined that an acceptable distance separates the location of one or more pixels of the at least one of the zero or more features and a location corresponding to one or more stored reference pattern pixels. An "acceptable" distance between a defect feature and the output pattern is determined to be sufficiently large so that the graphical information intended to be represented by the output pattern is unlikely to be corrupted or confused by the defect feature. Defect features determined to be sufficiently far from the output pattern can be so indicated or ignored.

[0020] The stored reference pattern includes a graphical model for printing of the output pattern. The output pattern is accordingly printed based on the stored reference pattern. Such example embodiments can be implemented in which the evaluation method accordingly includes printing the output pattern on the medium based on the stored reference pattern. Further, the rendering of the scan-based instance can include scanning the output pattern printed on the medium. The scan-based instance can accordingly be rendered based on a scan of the printed output pattern.

[0021] One example embodiment of the invention relates to a method for evaluating an image printed on an output medium product. The output image includes a pattern printed on a medium. The pattern can include a ID or 2D data pattern, a symbol, text, a graphic, or any kind of marking.

[0022] The medium can include paper, plastic, or other commonly used printing media on which a pattern is printed using ink, dye, thermal stamping, or other techniques. The medium can also include metal or other materials on which a pattern is marked using laser, chemical or other etching related printing techniques, or using dyes, colorants, etc.

[0023] The reference pattern can include an input to a printing evaluation system, which is stored as instructions on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium can include a memory, disk, drive, and / or flash-based storage device that is electromagnetically, electro-optically, or electronically operable. The input can be received by streaming over a network connection, or loading from external storage media such as a flash drive, optical disk, or by other means.

[0024] In another aspect, example embodiments of the invention include a printing evaluation system. One example embodiment of the invention relates to a system for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium. The evaluation system includes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium operable to store a reference pattern including a reference pattern. The output pattern is printed on the medium correspondingly based on the stored reference pattern.

[0025] The system also includes a scanner operable to render a scan-based instance of the output pattern. The rendered scan-based instance includes at least a set of features corresponding to the printed output pattern, and zero or more features additional to the set of features.

[0026] Further, the system includes one or more image processors. The processors are operable to compute a difference image, and to evaluate the computed difference image. The difference image is computed based on a comparison of the rendered scan instance to the stored reference pattern. The computed difference image includes the zero or more features of the rendered scan instance.

[0027] Example embodiments can be implemented in which the computation of the difference image includes performing an XOR logical operation on pixels of the rendered scan-based instance of the output pattern relative to each corresponding pixel of the stored reference pattern. The computed difference image is evaluated with respect to a closeness of the at least one feature to the location of one or more pixels of the reference pattern.

[0028] The evaluation of the computed difference image by the image processor can include determining, based on the evaluation of the computed difference image, that the closeness includes an unacceptably small separation between the location of one or more pixels of the defective feature and the location of one or more stored reference pattern pixels. Based on the determining step, a warning is given with respect to the determination of unacceptably closeness of the defect. If the closeness is determined to be acceptably large, acceptability of the defect can be indicated.

[0029] The evaluation system can further include a printer assembly operable to print the output pattern on a medium based on the stored reference pattern. The stored reference pattern includes a graphical model on the basis of which the printer assembly prints the corresponding output pattern.

[0030] The printer assembly is also operable to adjust a subsequent printing of the output pattern based on a determination that the closeness of the defect is unacceptable. At least one of the zero or more features is thus removed from the subsequently printed output pattern. The printer can adjust the subsequent printing in response to an operator input, or automatically.

[0031] In one example embodiment, the print evaluation system is operable to evaluate the output image based on a print evaluation process, such as the method outlined above.

[0032] In yet another aspect, example embodiments of the present application include a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. An example embodiment relates to a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, are operable to cause, control and / or program a print evaluation process (e.g., the method outlined above) related to evaluating an output image, the output image comprising a pattern printed on a medium.

[0033] In still yet another aspect, example embodiments of the present application include a media product. One example embodiment relates to a media product comprising an output image, the output image comprising a pattern printed on a medium by a process operable to evaluate the output image, such as the method outlined above. The media product comprises a pattern, image, graphic design, geometric shape, symbol, alphanumeric, pictograph, related character and other text, and 1D linear and 2D matrix data pattern, label, badge, design, etc. ("pattern") printed on a print media substrate.

[0034] The text can include alphanumeric, pictographic, character-based, and other patterns related to writing and script. The 1D data pattern can include a barcode pattern, such as a Universal Product Code (UPC) barcode and others. The 2D data pattern includes a matrix pattern, such as a Han Xin data pattern, a Quick Response (QR) data pattern, and other geometrically arranged data patterns.

[0035] The print media can include a substrate, such as paper or plastic, on which symbols are marked with ink, heat-sensitive or other marking material. The substrate can also (or alternatively) include a metal or other material on which symbols are marked by etching (e.g., laser or chemical), coloring, or other means.

[0036] The foregoing illustrative summary, together with further objectives, features, functions and / or advantages of the examples embodiments of the application will be more apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings, in which: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A flowchart showing an example print evaluation process according to an embodiment of the application is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 A flowchart showing an example process for evaluating a computed difference image according to an embodiment of the application is shown;

[0039] Figure 3 An example print evaluation system according to an embodiment of the application is shown;

[0040] Figure 4 An example image processor according to an embodiment of the application is shown;

[0041] Figure 5 An example computed difference image is shown according to an embodiment of the application;

[0042] Figure 6A An example 1D barcode pattern according to an embodiment of the application is shown;

[0043] Figure 6B Another example 1D barcode pattern according to an embodiment of the application is shown;

[0044] Figure 6C An example 2D matrix code pattern according to an embodiment of the application is shown;

[0045] Figure 6D An example text-based code pattern according to an embodiment of the application is shown; and

[0046] Figure 7 An example computer network according to an embodiment of the application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Example embodiments of the application are described with respect to methods and systems for evaluating output patterns printed on media. A reference pattern is stored. An output pattern is printed on media accordingly based on the stored reference pattern. A scan-based instance of the output pattern is rendered, which includes a set of features corresponding to at least the printed output pattern, and zero or more features appended thereto. Based on a comparison of the rendered scan instance to the stored reference pattern, a difference image is computed, which has zero or more features of the rendered scan instance. Once the zero or more features include at least one feature, the computed difference image is evaluated with respect to a proximity of the at least one feature to a location pixel of the reference pattern.

[0048] Accordingly, example embodiments of the application evaluate printed media products of a mission-critical printing process to verify or confirm that information represented by an output image accurately corresponds to an original instance and / or an input digital reference pattern on which the printing is based. Example embodiments of the application thereby verify the printed media products without resorting to OCR-based confirmation of text-related images or printed data patterns, without resorting to grading related to standards, specifications, and are superior to confirmation by simple inspection of media product scans. Moreover, example embodiments automatically verify printed media products with high accuracy and test throughput speed, which avoids sampling of portions of all printed product output without adding significant delay or operator attention and focus requirements.

[0049] SUMMARY

[0050] One example embodiment of the invention relates to a method for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium. A reference pattern is stored. An output pattern is printed on a medium based on the stored reference pattern accordingly. A scanned instance of the output pattern is rendered, which includes a set of features corresponding to at least the printed output pattern, and zero or more additional features appended thereto. Based on a comparison of the rendered scanned instance with the stored reference pattern, a difference image is computed, which includes the zero or more features of the rendered scanned instance. Once the zero or more features include at least one feature, the computed difference image is evaluated with respect to a proximity of the at least one feature to a location of one or more pixels of the reference pattern.

[0051] In one example embodiment, the computation of the difference image includes performing an exclusive-OR (XOR) logical operation on pixels of the scanned-based instance of the rendered output pattern with respect to each corresponding pixel of the stored reference pattern. The at least one of the zero or more features can correspond to a superfluous "defect" feature printed in the output pattern in addition to a desired target pattern modeled by the stored reference pattern.

[0052] Based on the evaluating step, a determination can be made with respect to the proximity. It can be determined that an unacceptably small separation separates a spatial positioning of one or more pixels of the at least one of the zero or more features from a spatial positioning corresponding to a location of one or more stored reference pattern pixels. A distance between the defect feature and the output pattern can be determined to be so small that graphical information intended to be represented by the output pattern can likely be corrupted or confused by the defect feature. Based on the determination, a warning is given with respect to the small, unacceptable separation. The warning draws attention to the defect and its location in proximity to the output pattern, which allows or can prompt an inspection of the output pattern.

[0053] Example embodiments in which a subsequent printing of the output pattern is adjusted can be implemented. In the adjusted subsequent printing, the at least one of the zero or more features is removed from the output pattern of the subsequent printing. The subsequent printing can be adjusted based on user input received in response to the inspection of the given warning. Additionally or alternatively, the subsequent printing can be automatically adjusted based on the determination.

[0054] Based on the evaluation, it can be determined that an acceptable distance separates the location of one or more pixels of at least one of the zero or more features from the location corresponding to one or more stored reference pattern pixels. The distance between the "acceptable" defect feature and the output pattern is determined to be large enough so that the graphical information intended to be represented by the output pattern is unlikely to be corrupted or confused by the acceptable defect feature. Once it is determined that the defect feature is far enough away from the output pattern, it can be flagged for its acceptability, or ignored as acceptable.

[0055] The stored reference pattern includes a graphical model. The output pattern can be printed based on the graphical model, and thus corresponds to the stored reference pattern. Thus, example embodiments can be implemented in which the evaluation method thus includes printing an output pattern on a medium based on the stored reference pattern. Further, the rendering of the scan-based instance can include scanning the output pattern printed on the medium. The scan-based instance can thus be rendered based on a scan of the output pattern.

[0056] Example embodiments of the invention relate to a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions operable to cause, control or program one or more processors to perform the above-described method.

[0057] Example embodiments of the invention relate to an evaluation system operable in connection with the performance of the method described below and the printed medium product evaluated with the method.

[0058] Example printing evaluation process.

[0059] One example embodiment of the invention relates to a method for evaluating an image printed on an output medium product. Figure 1 A flowchart of an example printing evaluation process 10 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. The output image includes a pattern printed on a medium. The pattern can include any type of ID or 2D data pattern, text, graphics or indicia (pattern).

[0060] The medium can include paper, plastic or other commonly used printing media on which a pattern is printed using ink, dye, thermal stenciling or other techniques. The medium can also include metal or other materials on which a pattern is marked using laser, chemical or other etching related printing techniques.

[0061] The printing evaluation process 10 includes process steps related to printing an output medium product. At block 101, a reference pattern input is received.

[0062] In step 11 of the evaluation process, an input reference pattern is stored. The stored reference pattern includes a set of reference features. The reference features include instances of the printed pattern.

[0063] In block 102, a printed output media product is printed. The output media product includes an output pattern printed onto a blank base media. The output pattern corresponds graphically to the stored reference pattern. The stored reference pattern can serve as a graphical model upon which the printed output pattern is based, and to which the output pattern corresponds.

[0064] For example, the reference pattern can include input to a print evaluation system. The reference pattern input is stored as instructions on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium can include a memory, disk, drive, and / or flash-based storage that is electromagnetically, electro-optically, or electronically operable. The reference pattern input can also (or alternatively) be received through a stream over a network connection, or loaded from external storage media or devices such as a flash drive, optical disk, or through other means.

[0065] In block 120, the output media product containing the printed output image pattern is scanned. The output media product can be scanned in real-time, near real-time, without intentional delay, or shortly after its production or its output is complete.

[0066] In step 12 of the evaluation process, a scan-based instance image of the output pattern is rendered based on the scan. The rendered scan instance includes at least a set of features corresponding to at least a set of reference features. Example embodiments can be implemented in which the scope of the verification is thus limited to one or more defined areas of the printed output.

[0067] The rendered scan instance can (or can not) include extraneous defective features. The defective features include features that are not present in the stored reference pattern but are present on the printed media product. As such, the rendered scan instance includes zero or more features in addition to the set of reference features.

[0068] In step 13 of the evaluation process, a difference image is computed. The computed difference image includes zero or more features of the rendered scan instance that are based on a comparison of the rendered scan instance to the stored reference instance.

[0069] If the rendered scan instance is defect-free, then the computed difference image can be empty, blank, or null. The number of features in the rendered defect-free scan instance is thus equal to zero.

[0070] However, the presented scan instance (and zero or more features) can include at least one defective feature that is not present in the stored reference pattern but is present on the printed media product. In this case, the computed difference image includes elements corresponding to the at least one defective feature.

[0071] Example embodiments can be implemented in which the difference image is computed according to an XOR logical operation. The XOR operation is performed with respect to a plurality of pixels of the presented scan instance of the output image for each corresponding pixel of the stored reference pattern.

[0072] In step 14 of the evaluation process, the difference image is then evaluated. The evaluation of the difference image determines whether the positioning of the at least one defective feature relative to the stored reference pattern is acceptably close.

[0073] Example process steps for evaluating the difference image.

[0074] Example embodiments can be implemented in which the evaluation of the difference image in step 14 includes one or more decision-related process steps. Figure 2 A flowchart showing an example process 140 for evaluating the computed difference image according to one embodiment of the present application is shown. Process 140 can correspond to the execution of step 14 of example process 10. Process 140 can begin when the difference image is computed in step 13 of process 10 based on the comparison of the presented scan instance to the stored reference pattern. Figure 1 ) in step 13 of process 10.

[0075] In step 141, it is determined whether the zero or more features of the computed difference image include at least one feature. If not, then the scan image instance (from the feature scan of the output pattern) has no features that do not correspond to the stored reference features. In this case, the output pattern printed on the media product can be considered to be defect-free, and process 140 can be completed.

[0076] However, if it is determined that the zero or more features of the computed difference image include at least one defective feature, then it is determined how close the at least one defect is positioned to the corresponding reference feature. In step 142, it is determined whether the at least one defective feature has an unacceptably close proximity to the positioning of the reference feature.

[0077] If not, then the proximity of the at least one defective feature includes a sufficient distance from the positioning of the reference feature, and in step 143, the at least one defective feature can be indicated (e.g., flagged) or ignored for its acceptably close proximity.

[0078] However, if the determination of the proximity of the at least one defect feature includes a distance that is not sufficiently close to the fiducial feature, a warning is given in step 144. The warning includes a notification that the at least one defect feature has a determined proximity to the fiducial feature positioning that is not acceptable.

[0079] The determination that the proximity of at least one of the zero or more features to the stored fiducial pattern positioning is not acceptable involves a deficient spatial distance between the positioning of at least one of the zero or more features and at least a portion of the stored fiducial pattern.

[0080] The given warnings involve alerts, notifications, etc. that their corresponding defect features are so close to the fiducial features that they can obscure, obstruct, or blur a portion of the corresponding features printed on the output media product. The given warnings thus involve the possibility that the defects can cause confusion and / or interference with the information programmed, modeled, or intended to be represented by the printed pattern.

[0081] Example embodiments can be implemented in which the evaluation method involves correction of defects that have an unacceptable proximity to portions of the fiducial features. In step 145, a subsequent output image can optionally be adjusted based on the determination of the unacceptable proximity of the defects to the positioning of the stored fiducial pattern. For example, at least one of the zero or more features can be deleted (or hidden) from a subsequent printing of the output pattern.

[0082] Example embodiments involve a non-transitory computer readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed by a processor, are operable to cause, control, and / or program a process related to evaluating an output image including a pattern printed on a media, such as the print evaluation processes 10 and 140 described above. In example embodiments, the print evaluation processes can be executed in a computerized or automated printing system and / or a system operable to evaluate printed media products.

[0083] Example evaluation systems.

[0084] Embodiments of the invention involve a system for evaluating a printed image. Figure 3 An example print evaluation system 300 according to embodiments of the invention is shown. The print evaluation system 300 includes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium 310 operable to store a fiducial pattern.

[0085] The stored input fiducial pattern 305 includes a fiducial pattern. The fiducial pattern includes a set of fiducial features that model a corresponding set of features on which a printed output pattern is based. The output pattern is thus printed accordingly based on the stored fiducial pattern.

[0086] The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium 310 can include a memory 311, a disk, drive, or flash-related storage medium 312, a print buffer 313, and / or one or more cache, register, and / or latch ("cache") 314 of the microprocessor 704, image processor 333, or other integrated circuit (IC) device. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can be electromagnetically, electro-optically, or electronically operable. The print evaluation system 300 can take as input the input reference pattern 305, which is received via a stream on a network connection, or loaded from external storage media such as a flash drive or optical or magnetic disk, or otherwise.

[0087] The print evaluation system includes a print component (printer) 321. The printer 321 is operable to print a 1D barcode and 2D matrix data pattern 353, a text-related pattern 354, and / or a graphics and image-related pattern onto a blank media substrate 351 fed to the printer. The matrix data pattern 353 and the text-related pattern 354 include features printed by the printer 321 onto the original blank media substrate 351 to output a media product 352.

[0088] The original blank media substrate 351 can include paper, plastic, or other print media. The printer 321 is operable to print the matrix data pattern 353 and the text-related pattern 354, among others, based on the stored input reference pattern 305, using marking agents such as ink, dye, thermal stamping, or using other suitable techniques for the blank media substrate 351. The blank media substrate 351 can also include a metallic or other material, and the printer 321 marks the matrix data pattern 353 and the text-related pattern 354, among others, on the metallic or other material using a laser, chemical or other etching-related printing technique, and / or applying a compatible marking agent such as a dye, colorant, or etchant on a surface of the blank media substrate 351, and / or penetrating the surface to any degree (e.g., including microscopically).

[0089] The print evaluation system 300 includes a scanner 322. The scanner 322 is operable to scan the printed output media product 352, including the output matrix data pattern 353 and the output text-related pattern 354, and render a scan-based corresponding image instance 331 of the output image 352. The rendered scan-based image instance 322 includes a set of scan features based on the printed output matrix data pattern 353 and / or text-related pattern 354 and thus corresponding to the set of features of the stored input reference pattern 305.

[0090] The scanned instance 331 includes at least one set of scanned features corresponding to at least one set of reference features. The presented scanned instance can or can not include defect features. Defect features are printed (present) on the printed media product but are not present in the stored reference pattern. Thus, the presented scanned instance 331 can include zero or more features in addition to the set of reference features.

[0091] The print evaluation system 300 includes at least one image processor 333. The image processor 333 includes an IC device, such as a microprocessor. Reference is made to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The image processor 333 is described. Figure 4 An example image processor 333 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0092] Example embodiments can be implemented in which the image processor 333 includes a processing core 43. The processing core can include an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) 431, a floating point unit (FPU) 432, and L1 433 and L2 434 caches. The logic unit ALU 431 and the FPU 432 are operable for image processing related computational functions, respectively. The L1 cache 433 and the L2 cache 434 of the core are operable for storing data related to image processing computations.

[0093] The image processor further includes a cache 41 operable for storing data related to the reference pattern, a cache 42 operable for storing data related to the scanned instance, a differential image generator 44, a differential image evaluator 45, and a warning generator 46. Example embodiments can be implemented in which the differential image generator 44, the differential image evaluator 45, and / or the warning generator 46 are incorporated into and / or share one or more operations with the processing core 43.

[0094] The components of the image processor 333 are disposed on a semiconductor substrate 40 of the IC and conductively exchange signals with one another via a signal routing structure 47. The routing structure 47 can include an array of conductive horizontal traces and vertical interconnect vias (through-holes) disposed in the IC substrate. The image processor 333 further includes a signal interface 48 with which to exchange signals with external electronic components.

[0095] The differential image generator 44 and / or the processing core 43 are operable for comparing the presented scanned instance 331 to the stored input reference pattern 305 and for computing a differential image 305 including zero or more features of the presented scanned instance 331. Reference is made herein to the differential image including Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The differential image is described. Figure 5A computed difference image 335 is depicted for an example according to an embodiment of the present application. The difference image 335 is computed based on a comparison of the rendered scan instance 331 to the stored input reference pattern 305.

[0096] The scanned image instance 331 can include at least one of zero or more features. The at least one feature includes a defect feature that can be associated with an unintended, extraneous pixel artifact in the printing process, or another source of apparent blemish related to the stored input reference pattern 305.

[0097] In printing the media product 352 based on the stored input reference pattern 305, the printer 321 marks an output pattern representing the Arabic style numeral "4" on the surface of the blank media substrate 351 (in a top open font or style) based on the corresponding digital pattern feature "4" of the stored input reference pattern 305. The scanner 322 generates a corresponding scanned image 331 from the scanned printed media product 352.

[0098] Such example embodiments can be implemented in which the difference image generator 44 and / or processing core 43 computes an XOR logical operation 332 for each corresponding pixel of the stored input reference pattern 305 with respect to the rendered scan instance 331 of the output image multiple pixels. Based on the XOR operation 332, Figure 5 The computed difference image 50 in the middle shows a first defect feature 58 and a second defect feature 59 that are both present in the scanned image 331 and not present in the input reference pattern 305. A pixel position mapping 55 can be maintained with respect to the pixel positions of the reference pattern. In particular, for example, the pixel positions for mapping the pattern "4" between the input reference pattern 305 and the scanned image 331 can be stored.

[0099] The difference image evaluator 45 and / or processing core 43 can be operable to evaluate the computed difference image 335. The evaluation of the difference image 335 determines whether the proximity of the at least one of zero or more features is acceptable with respect to the stored reference pattern position. Again referring to Figure 5 For example, the defect feature 59 can be evaluated as being sufficiently far from the pixel corresponding to the pattern "4" and can thus be indicated as acceptable or ignored.

[0100] However, the defect feature 58 can be evaluated as being too close to the mapped position of the reference pattern "4". The proximity of the defect with respect to the position of the stored reference pattern "4" can thus be evaluated as being unacceptable. For example, an acceptability indicator 53 can be given.

[0101] Based on the determination of unacceptable proximity, the warning generator 46 and / or the processing core 43 generates or gives a warning 56 that the defect 58 is too close to a portion of the reference pattern. The warning 56 includes a notification based on the evaluation of the computed difference image 335 that the defect 58 is disposed within unacceptable proximity to the stored reference pattern "4".

[0102] In one example embodiment, the subsequent printing operation and / or the printer 321 can be adjusted to correct the defect in the subsequent output media product. The defect 59 (and other defects determined to be far enough away from the reference pattern) can be indicated as acceptable or can be ignored.

[0103] Example media product.

[0104] One example embodiment of the present invention relates to a media product. The media product includes, for example, alphanumeric, pictographic symbols and other text, 1D barcode patterns, and / or 2D data matrix patterns. The media product is printed on a media and evaluated by, for example, the example printing evaluation processes 10 and 140 and the printing evaluation system 300 as described above with respect to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 respectively.

[0105] Figure 6A An example 1D barcode symbol 610 is depicted in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The 1D barcode symbol 610 is depicted as printed in a "ladder" or "dragged" mode on a printed media 611.

[0106] Figure 6B Another example 1D barcode symbol 620 is depicted in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The 1D barcode symbol 622 is depicted as printed in a "picket fence" mode on a printed media 622.

[0107] The barcode symbols 610 and 620 include a plurality of bar elements 66a and a plurality of space elements 68b, respectively. The space elements 68b are disposed parallel to the bar elements 66a. In the dragged mode, the barcode symbol 610 is printed parallel to the print direction 699. In the picket fence mode, the barcode symbol 620 is printed oriented perpendicular to the print direction 699.

[0108] The barcode symbols 610 and 620 can include data patterns related to, for example, international (or "European") trade number and / or universal product code (EAN / UPC symbol) patterns, PDF417 (ISO / EC-15438 related) patterns, including 4 vertical bar symbols 66a disposed across 17 horizontally disposed space elements 68b, 1D dot code patterns or other 1D symbols, respectively.

[0109] Figure 6C An example 2D matrix code pattern 650 is depicted in accordance with an embodiment of the application. The 2D matrix code pattern 650 includes a matrix of 2D graphical symbol portions, e.g., squares and other rectangles and polygons, printed on a print medium 655. The matrix data pattern 650 can include a 2D data pattern related to, e.g., a Quick Response (QR) and / or Han Xin graphic or geometric data matrix, or other 2D symbol.

[0110] Figure 6D An example text-based code pattern 640 is depicted in accordance with an embodiment of the application. The text-based code pattern 640 includes alphanumeric, pictographic (e.g., character related) or other text-based graphical symbol portions (e.g., OCR patterns) printed on a print medium 644. The code pattern 640 can include human-readable and OCR-readable symbol portions, e.g., numbers, letters and characters, printed on the print medium 644. The code pattern 640 includes a 2D data pattern related to, e.g., OCR-B or OCR-A, or other 2D symbol.

[0111] The print media 611, 622, 644 and 655 are each moved longitudinally in the direction 699 of the respective plate operation. The print media 611, 622, 644 and 655 can include paper, thermal paper or plastic or other material for receiving ink-based indicia, respectively. The print media 611, 622, 644 and 655 can be arranged in a web configuration significantly longer than its width. The print direction 699 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the print media 611, 622, 644 and 655 along which the media is moved.

[0112] In accordance with the example reference evaluation process 10( Figure 1 ) and process 140( Figure 2 ), the bar code symbol 610, 620, the code pattern 640 and the matrix code pattern 650 can be printed on the respective web media 611, 622, 644 and 655. Such example embodiments can be implemented in which the print logic generates print commands based on the input reference pattern 305. The print commands and the associated input reference pattern 305 are used by the print driver to activate and energize the print elements of the printer (e.g., the printer 321; Figure 3 ).

[0113] For example, in response to a print command, the activated and energized printer 321 marks the bar code symbols 610 and 620, the matrix code pattern 650 and / or the portion of the code pattern 640 based on the reference pattern 305 and the media 611, 622, 644 and / or 655 advance in the direction 699, respectively. Each time the media advances, the print driver activates elements of the printer 321 for marking subsequent bar elements 66a on and space elements 66b spaced apart parallel on the segments (portions) of the media 611, 622 and 655 and / or the text pattern portion on the media 644.

[0114] Referring again to Figure 3 , as the printed portions of the media 611, 622, 644 and 655 advance through the printer, a printed media product 352 emerges. The scanner 322 images the printed matrix data pattern 353 and the text dependent pattern 354 and stores the digitized image of the printed elements as a scan image instance 331 into a scan memory area. As the "linear" operable image progresses, successive scan images of the printed elements can be sequentially buffered into the scan memory area corresponding to the succession.

[0115] Referring again to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the image processor 333 compares the digitized scan image 331 stored in the scan memory area with the command stored in the command memory area. The digitized image of the symbol portion and the print command are compared bit by bit (in bits) and / or based on one or more other schemes, algorithms or defined criteria. In one example embodiment of the present application, the comparison is made based on computing a difference image 335.

[0116] The difference image 335 is evaluated with respect to the defective features 59 and 58. Based on the evaluation, a warning 56 is generated with respect to the defective 58 having an unacceptable proximity to the reference pattern "4". Based on the evaluation of an acceptable distance from the reference pattern, the defective 59 can be marked as acceptable with an acceptability indicator 53 or can be ignored.

[0117] Based on the evaluation, a print quality report can be generated. The print quality report can indicate whether the printed image conforms to the defined specification stored in relation to the evaluated symbol and portions thereof. The print quality report can indicate in what way the printed image differs from the expected image and the steps taken by the printer to correct the deviation. Statistics on acceptable and unacceptable defects and the total number of defects occurring can also be included in the quality report.

[0118] The bar elements of the machine-readable data code symbol portion can comprise an array of closely-spaced dots or other pixel components. As the media 611, 622, 644, and 655 advance through the printer 321, the scanner 322 can digitize the pixels or other elements or features of the pattern given in the bar code symbol 610, 620, the code pattern 640, and / or the matrix code pattern 650. Successive portions of the elements can be imaged and stored in a memory area for comparison with the input reference pattern 305 associated with the print command.

[0119] With the print-drag or picket fence mode of printing, the digitized portion of the printed image includes a plurality of bar elements 66a and a portion of space elements 68b. The scanning and / or concomitant sampling of the bar elements 66a and the portion of space elements 68b can be performed and compared with the print command. The print logic, as well as the print command and print driver, can be updated before printing is completed over the entire bar code symbol 610.

[0120] An example computer network.

[0121] Figure 7 An example computer network 700 according to an embodiment of the present application is depicted. The computer network 700 includes a data network 788. A first computer and at least one second computer system 798 are communicatively coupled to the data network 788. The first computer includes a print evaluation system 300 Figure 3 and is operable to perform print evaluation processes 10 Figure 1 and 140 Figure 2 .

[0122] The print evaluation system 300 is operably configured (e.g., by software code with which it is programmed). The print evaluation system 300 is operable to communicate with other devices, such as the at least one computer 798. The print evaluation system 300 is communicatively coupled to the computer 798 via the network 788. The network 788 can comprise a packet-switched data network based on the transmission control and Internet protocols, such as TCP / IP.

[0123] The data network 788 can comprise a portion of one or more other networks and / or two or more sub-network ("sub-net") components. For example, the data network 788 can comprise a portion of the Internet and / or a particular wide area network (WAN). The network 788 can also comprise one or more WAN and / or local area network (LAN) sub-net components. Portions of the data network 788 can be operable wirelessly and / or with wire-line related devices. The data network 788 can also comprise, at least in part, a digital telephone network.

[0124] With respect to the print evaluation system 300, the computer 798 can also be operable as a server, and / or operable to perform one or more control-related functions, or centralized gathering, processing, or storage of information collected or accessed using, for example, the database 777.

[0125] For example, such an embodiment of the present application can be implemented in which the print evaluation system 300 is operable to transmit a report 745 of data corresponding to the evaluation of the captured image to the computer 798 over the network 788. Subsequently, the computer 798 can store the data related to the image evaluation in the database 777, which can be retrieved from the database 777 at a later time. The data retrieved from the database 777 can be used in evaluating and / or printing other (e.g., subsequent) images.

[0126] Subsequently, the print evaluation system 300 can transmit the image evaluation report 745, and its related data and / or scan-related data to the computer 798 over the network 788, wirelessly to the computer 798 via the network 788.

[0127] Upon receiving the data related to the image evaluation and the scan-related data, the computer 798 can be operable to process them. The scan data can be related to the image evaluation.

[0128] The print evaluation system 300 includes a plurality of electronic components, each of which is coupled to the data bus 702. The data bus 702 can be operable to allow each of the plurality of various electronic components in the print evaluation system 300 to conductively exchange data signals with each of the other electronic components thereof.

[0129] The electronic components of the print evaluation system 300 can include integrated circuit (IC) devices, including one or more microprocessors, including the image processor 333 Figure 3 ). The electronic components of the print evaluation system 300 can also include other IC devices, such as microcontrollers, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices (PLDs), or application specific ICs (ASICs).

[0130] The microprocessor can include a central processing unit (CPU) 704. The CPU 704 can be operable to perform general data processing functions related to the operation of the print evaluation system 300. The electronic components of the print evaluation system 300 can also include one or more other processors 744. The other microprocessors can also include graphics processing units (GPUs) and / or digital signal processors (DSPs), each of which can be operable to perform data processing functions that are somewhat more specialized than general processing functions, and sometimes share some of the general processing functions with the CPU 704.

[0131] One of the processors 744 can also operate as a "mathematics" co-processor. The mathematics co-processor, DSP, and / or GPU ("DSP / GPU") 744 can operate to perform computationally intensive data processing. Computationally intensive processing involves imaging, image evaluation, graphics, dimension measurement, wire frame manipulation, coordinate system management, logistics, and other (e.g., mathematical, financial) information. The image processor 333 can include or share operability or functionality with the CPU 704 and / or the GPU / DSP 744.

[0132] Data processing operations include calculations performed electronically by the image processor 333, the CPU 704, and the DSP / GPU 744. The microprocessor can include components that operate as ALUs, FPUs, and associated memory units. The memory units include non-transitory data storage media that can be configured as cache (e.g., "Ll," "L2"), registers, latches, and / or buffers.

[0133] For example, the processing core 43 of the image processor 433 includes an ALU 431, an FPU 432, an Ll cache 433, and an L2 cache. The memory units operate to electronically store data related to the various functions of the processor. A translation lookaside buffer (TLB) operates to optimize the efficiency of the CPU 704, the image processor 333, and / or the DSP / GPU 744 use of content addressable memory (CAM).

[0134] The print evaluation system 300 also includes non-transitory computer readable storage media that operates to electronically store data. For example, the image processor 333 can operate with the input reference pattern 305 and the scanned image 331 to calculate and evaluate a difference image 335 that can be stored using the non-transitory computer readable storage media 310.

[0135] The print evaluation system 300 can also include a main memory 706, such as a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device 706 (or another non-transitory computer readable storage media) that is coupled to the data bus 702 for storing information and instructions to be executed by the CPU 704. The main memory 706 can also be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions by the CPU 704. Other memory (not shown in this description with reference to the RAM 706) can be provided for the similar purposes for the DSP / GPU 744.

[0136] The print evaluation system 300 further includes a read only memory (ROM) 708 or other static storage device (or other non-transitory computer readable storage medium) coupled to the data bus 702. The ROM 708 is operable to store static information and instructions for the CPU 704. In addition to the RAM 706 and the ROM 708, the non-transitory storage media of the print evaluation system 300 can include at least one data storage device 710. The data storage device 710 is operable to store information and instructions and allow access thereto.

[0137] The data storage device 710 can include a magnetic disk drive, a flash drive or an optical disk drive (or other non-transitory computer readable storage medium). The data storage device 710 includes non-transitory media coupled to the data bus 702 and is operable to provide "virtual memory" functions. The virtual memory operations of the data storage device 710 can at least temporarily supplement the storage capacity of the other non-transitory media, such as the RAM 706.

[0138] The non-transitory media of the print evaluation system 300 also includes stored instructions 783 that are stored in association with software (e.g., electronically, magnetically, optically, physically, etc.) that is used to program, control and / or configure its image evaluation related operations as well as the operation of the printer 321 and the scanner 322. The non-transitory dimensioner instructions 755 can also (or alternatively) be stored in association with the data storage device 710 and other storage components of the print evaluation system 300.

[0139] The non-transitory programming instructions, software, settings and configurations related to image evaluation are stored by the memory, flash or drive related non-transitory storage media 310 and / or with non-transitory storage media (e.g., magnetically, electronically, optically, physically, etc.). The non-transitory storage media can also store instruction suites that relate to a suite of other functional features with which the print evaluation system 300 can also operate, such as for performing other functional features.

[0140] Example embodiments can be implemented in which suites of features are related to applications, tools and tool sets, menus (and submenus) and macros associated with the functionality of the print evaluation system 300 related to capturing and evaluating images.

[0141] The print evaluation system 300 includes a GUI touchscreen 725, which is operable as a combined graphical user interface (GUI) and display component. The GUI touchscreen 725 can include a liquid crystal display (LCD), which is operable to present images by modulating the variable polarization state of an array of liquid crystal transistor components. The GUI touchscreen 725 also includes an interface for receiving tactile input from a user.

[0142] The tactile interface of the GUI touchscreen 725 can include, for example, at least two arrays of microscopic (or transparent) conductors, each of which is electrically insulated from the other and disposed beneath the surface of the GUI touchscreen 725 in a perpendicular orientation relative to one another. Tactile input includes pressure applied to the surface of the touchscreen GUI 725, which causes a corresponding local change in the capacitance value in the vicinity of the pressure application, which is sensed by the grid of conductors to effect a signal corresponding to the input.

[0143] In one example embodiment, the touchscreen GUI and the GUI touchscreen 725 are operable to present the warning 56 Figure 5 , graphical reports, and to give other information related to the evaluation of the computed difference image 335. Upon receipt of data related to the computation and evaluation of the difference image 335 by the image processor 333 and the image evaluation from the CPU 704 and / or GPU / DSP 744, the GUI touchscreen 725 presents the warning 56 and related evaluation reports.

[0144] The GUI touchscreen 725 can be implemented to be operable to present images within an elevated (e.g., high) dynamic range (HDR), the presentation of which can also be based on modulating a backlight unit (BLU). For example, the BLU can include an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The LCD can be modulated according to a first signal, and the LEDs of the BLU can be modulated according to a second signal. The touchscreen 725 can present HDR images by coordinating the second modulation signal in real-time relative to the first modulation signal. Other display technologies can also (or alternatively) be used. For example, the display can include organic LEDs (OLEDs).

[0145] The plurality of inputs 714 can include one or more electromechanical switches, which can be implemented as buttons, escutcheons, or cursor controls. The inputs 714 can also include a keyboard. The keyboard can include an array of alphanumeric (and / or ideographic, syllabic-based) keys operable to enter letters, numbers, and other symbols. The keyboard can also include an array of directional (e.g., “up / down,” “left / right”) keys operable to transmit commands and data selections to the CPU 704, as well as to control movement of a cursor presented on the GUI touchscreen 725.

[0146] The directional keys are operable to give two (2) degrees of freedom of a cursor on at least two (2) vertically disposed axes presented on a display component of the GUI touchscreen 725. A first "x" axis is horizontally disposed. A second "y" axis is vertically disposed complementary to the first axis. Thus, the print evaluation system 300 is thereby operable to specify locations on representations of geometric planes and / or other coordinate systems.

[0147] Execution of the sequences of instructions contained in the image storage medium 310 and the main memory 706 causes the image processor and the CPU 704 to perform process steps associated with the operation of the print evaluation system 300 (e.g., the print evaluation processes 10, 140; Figure 1 The one or more microprocessors are operable to execute the instructions contained in the image storage medium 310 and / or the main memory 706. Additionally and / or alternatively, hardwired circuitry can be used in place of or in combination with software instructions. Thus, the print evaluation system 300 is not limited to any particular combination of circuitry, hardware, firmware, and / or software.

[0148] As used herein, the term "computer-readable storage medium" can refer to any non-transitory storage medium that participates in providing instructions to the image processor 333, the CPU 704 (and the DSP / GPU 744) for execution. Such a medium can take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media includes a configured / programmed active element of the image processor 333, the CPU 704, the DSP / GPU 744, a non-transitory image-related medium 310, stored instructions 783, and other optical, electronic or magnetic disks, such as the data storage device 710, for example. Volatile media includes dynamic memory, such as associated with the RAM 706, for example.

[0149] Transmission media includes coaxial cables; copper wire and other electric conductors; and optical fibers, including the wire(s) (and / or other conductors or optical devices) comprising the data bus 702.

[0150] Transmission media can also take the form of electromagnetic radiation, e.g., light waves, such as that generated during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) and other optical frequencies, for example. Data communications can also be carried on wireless media, such as acoustic (e.g., sound-related) or other mechanical, vibrational, or phonon-related media, for example.

[0151] For example, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can include a flash drive, such as accessible via a Universal Serial Bus (USB), or any medium from which a computer can read data, for example.

[0152] Various forms of non-transitory computer-readable media can be involved in carrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to the CPU 704 for execution. For example, the instructions can initially be carried on a magnetic disk or other disk of a remote computer (e.g., computer 798). The remote computer can load the instructions into its dynamic memory and send the instructions over the network 788.

[0153] The print evaluation system 300 can receive data over the network 788 and convert the data into corresponding signals using IR, RF, or other transducer devices. An IR, RF, or other signal detector or receiver ("receiver") coupled to the data bus 702 can receive the data carried in the corresponding signals and place the data on the data bus 702. The operations associated with the transmitter and receiver can be combined in a transmitter / receiver (transceiver) device. The transmitter, receiver, and / or transceiver device can be associated with the interface 718.

[0154] The data bus 702 carries the data to and from the main memory 706, from which the CPU 704 and the DSP / GPU 744 retrieve and execute the instructions. The instructions received by the main memory 706 can optionally be stored onto the data storage device 710 before or after being executed by the CPU 704.

[0155] The interface 718 can include a communications interface coupled to the data bus 702. The communications interface can be operable to provide two-way (or more) data communication with a network link 720 that can be connected to the network 788 at radio frequency (RF) wirelessly. Wireless communication can also optionally be implemented, for example, at IR frequencies.

[0156] Signals can be exchanged between the external device 799 (e.g., another computer or external storage device) and the print evaluation system 300 via the interface 718 through compatible communication port 719.

[0157] In any implementation, the interface 718 sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams representing various types of information. The network link 720 provides data communication through the network 788 to other data devices.

[0158] The network 788 can utilize one or more carrier waves carrying digital data streams. The signals sent over the network 788 and through the network link 720 and the interface 718 carry the digital data to and from the print evaluation system 300. The print evaluation system 300 can send messages and receive data, including program code, through the network 788, the network link 720 and the interface 718.

[0159] To supplement this disclosure, the present application incorporates by reference in their entireties the following commonly assigned patents, patent application publications, and patent applications:

[0160] U.S. Patent No. 6832725; U.S. Patent No. 7128266;

[0161] U.S. Patent No. 7159783; U.S. Patent No. 7413127;

[0162] U.S. Patent No. 7726575; U.S. Patent No. 8294969;

[0163] U.S. Patent No. 8317105; U.S. Patent No. 8322622;

[0164] U.S. Patent No. 8366005; U.S. Patent No. 8371507;

[0165] U.S. Patent No. 8376233; U.S. Patent No. 8381979;

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[0276] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 682,615, filed April 9, 2015, for System and Method for Power Management for Mobile Devices (Murawski et al.);

[0277] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 686,822, filed April 15, 2015, for Multi-Platform Support System and Method (Qu et al.);

[0278] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 687,289, filed April 15, 2015, for System for Communication via Peripheral Hub (Kohtz et al.);

[0279] U.S. Patent Application No. 29 / 524,186, filed April 17, 2015, for Scanner (Zhou et al.);

[0280] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 695,364, filed April 24, 2015, for Medication Management System (Sewell et al.);

[0281] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 695,923, filed April 24, 2015, for Unattended Network Authentication (Kubler et al.);

[0282] U.S. Patent Application No. 29 / 525,068, filed April 27, 2015, for Tablet Computer with Removable Scanning Device (Schulte et al.);

[0283] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 699,436, filed April 29, 2015, for Symbol Reading System with Predictive Diagnosis (Nahill et al.);

[0284] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 702,110, filed May 1, 2015, for System and Method for Specifying Injection of Barcode Data into an Application Running on a Smart Device (Todeschini et al.);

[0285] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 702,979, filed May 4, 2015, for Battery State Tracking (Young et al.);

[0286] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 704,050, filed May 5, 2015, for Intermediate Linear Positioning (Charpentier et al.); U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 705,012, filed May 6, 2015, for Hands-Free Human-Machine Interface Responsive to Vehicle Driver (Fitch et al.);

[0287] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 705,407, filed May 6, 2015, for Methods and systems for preventing software-based network connected devices from being victimized by advanced persistent threats (Hussey et al.);

[0288] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 707,037, filed May 8, 2015, for System and method for displaying information with an on-board computer (Chamberlin);

[0289] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 707,123, filed May 8, 2015, for Application-independent DEX / UCS interface (Pape);

[0290] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 707,492, filed May 8, 2015, for Method and apparatus for reading optical indicia with multiple data sources (Smith et al.);

[0291] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 710,666, filed May 13, 2015, for Prepaid application system for encoding information reading terminals (Smith);

[0292] U.S. Patent Application No. 29 / 526,918, filed May 14, 2015, for Charging base (Fitch et al.);

[0293] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 715,672, filed May 19, 2015, for Disaster display capable of augmented reality (Venkatesha et al.);

[0294] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 715,916, filed May 19, 2015, for Image value evaluation (Ackley);

[0295] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 722,608, filed May 27, 2015, for Interactive user interface for capturing documents in an image signal (Showering et al.);

[0296] U.S. Patent Application No. 29 / 528,165, filed May 27, 2015, for Counter barcode scanner (Oberpriller et al.);

[0297] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 724,134, filed May 28, 2015, for Electronic device with wireless path selection capability (Wang et al.);

[0298] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 724,849, filed May 29, 2015, for Programming method for default cable interface software in a mark reading device (Barten);

[0299] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 724908, filed on May 29, 2015, relates to an imaging device with an imaging component (Barber et al.);

[0300] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 725352, relating to an apparatus and method for monitoring one or more portable data terminals (Caballero et al.);

[0301] U.S. Patent Application No. 29 / 528590, filed on May 29, 2015, relates to electronic devices (such as a Fitch).

[0302] U.S. Patent Application No. 29 / 528890, filed on June 2, 2015, relates to mobile computer casings (Fitch, etc.);

[0303] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 728397, filed on June 2, 2015, relates to device management (Caballero) using a virtual interface that cross-references related applications;

[0304] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 732870, filed on June 8, 2015, relates to a data acquisition module and system (Powilleit);

[0305] U.S. Patent Application No. 29 / 529441, filed on June 8, 2015, relates to a tag reading device (Zhou et al.);

[0306] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 735717, filed on June 10, 2015, relates to a tag reading system (Todeschini) with a user neural interface;

[0307] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 738038, filed on June 12, 2015, relates to a method and system for detecting interference in the weighing of objects (Amundsen et al.);

[0308] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 740320, filed on June 16, 2015, relates to a tactile switch (Bandringa) for mobile electronic devices;

[0309] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 740373, filed on June 16, 2015, relates to a calibration volume labeler (Ackley et al.); U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 742818, filed on June 18, 2015, relates to a label reading system employing digital gain control (Xian et al.).

[0310] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 743257, filed June 18, 2015, for Wireless Network Point Portable Data Terminal (Wang et al.);

[0311] U.S. Patent Application No. 29 / 530600, filed June 18, 2015, for Cyclone (Vargo et al.);

[0312] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 744633, filed June 19, 2015, for Imaging Apparatus Including an Image Sensor Array with Shared Global Shutter Circuit (Wang);

[0313] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 744836, filed June 19, 2015, for Cloud-Based System for Reading Decodable Signs (Todeschini et al.);

[0314] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 745006, filed June 19, 2015, for Selective Output of Decoded Message Data (Todeschini et al.);

[0315] U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 747197, filed June 23, 2015, for Optical Pattern Projector (Thuries et al.); U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 747490, filed June 23, 2015, for Dual Projector Three-Dimensional Scanner (Jovanovski et al.); and U.S. Patent Application No. 14 / 748446, filed June 24, 2015, for Cordless Mark Reader with Multifunction Coil for Wireless Charging and EAS Deactivation (Xie et al.).

[0316] Accordingly, example embodiments of the present invention are described in relation to a method and system for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium (and not in relation to a non-transitory computer readable storage medium and a medium product). In an example embodiment, a reference pattern is stored. The output pattern is printed on the medium based on the stored reference pattern accordingly. A scan instance of the output pattern is rendered, which includes a set of features corresponding to at least the printed output pattern and zero or more features appended thereto. Based on a comparison of the rendered scan instance and the stored reference pattern, a difference image is computed, which has the zero or more features of the rendered scan instance. When the zero or more features include at least one feature, the computed difference image is evaluated in relation to a proximity of the at least one feature to a location pixel of the reference pattern.

[0317] Accordingly, example embodiments of the present application evaluate a printed media product of a mission critical printing process to verify or confirm that information presented by an output image accurately corresponds to an original instance and / or an input digital reference pattern upon which the print is based. Thus, example embodiments of the present application verify the printed media product without involving or resorting to OCR-based verification of text-related images or data patterns printed, resorting to grading related to standards, specifications, but still superior to simple verification of scannability of the media product. Moreover, example embodiments automatically verify the printed media product with high accuracy and test throughput speed, which avoids sampling of a portion of the total printed product output, without adding significant delay or the need for operator attention and focus.

[0318] For the sake of clarity and conciseness, and to avoid unnecessarily or uselessly obscuring, obscuring, impeding, or hindering the features of the example embodiments, certain complexities and details that are generally known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can have been omitted or discussed less fully. Any such omission or discussion is not essential to a description of the example embodiments of the present application and is not particularly relevant to an understanding of the salient features, functions, and aspects of the example embodiments described herein.

[0319] In one example embodiment, the present application includes a media product comprising an output pattern evaluated by a process comprising: storing a reference pattern, wherein the output pattern is printed on a media based correspondingly on the stored reference pattern; presenting a scanned-based instance of the output pattern, wherein the presented scanned-based instance comprises: a set of features corresponding to at least the printed output pattern; and zero or more additional features additional to the set of features corresponding to at least the printed output pattern; computing a difference image based on a comparison of the presented scanned-based instance to the stored reference pattern, the computed difference image including the zero or more features of the presented scanned-based instance; evaluating the computed difference image as to proximity of at least one feature to a location of one or more picture elements (pixels) of the stored reference pattern when the zero or more features include the at least one feature; determining, based on the evaluation of the computed difference image, that the proximity includes an unacceptably small separation between a location of one or more pixels of the at least one feature included in the zero or more features and a location of one or more stored reference pattern pixels; and giving a warning associated with the output pattern, the warning based on the determination as to the unacceptably small separation.

[0320] In the description and / or drawings herein, typical embodiments of the application are disclosed. The application is not limited to such example embodiments. The use of the word "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The drawings are schematic representations for purposes of the explanation of certain embodiments, and are therefore not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for limitation.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium, the evaluation method comprising the steps of: receiving a reference pattern corresponding to the output pattern over a network, wherein the output pattern is printed on the medium based on the received reference pattern; rendering a scan-based instance of the output pattern, wherein the rendered scan-based instance comprises a plurality of picture patterns, and wherein the rendered scan-based instance comprises: at least a set of features corresponding to the reference pattern; and zero or more than zero defect features outside the set of features corresponding to the reference pattern; computing a difference image based on a comparison of the rendered scan-based instance and the received reference pattern, the computed difference image including the zero or more than zero defect features of the rendered scan-based instance; and evaluating the computed difference image based on the zero or more than zero defect features including at least one defect feature, with respect to a closeness of the at least one defect feature to a location of one or more pixels of the received reference pattern, the evaluating including determining that the closeness is unacceptable when the zero or more than zero defect features include at least one defect feature due to an unacceptably small separation between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more than zero defect features and the location of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern.

2. The evaluation method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: giving a warning based on the determining step, with respect to the unacceptably closeness between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more than zero defect features and the location of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern, when the zero or more than zero defect features include at least one defect feature.

3. The evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein the unacceptably closeness involves a spatial distance between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more than zero defect features and the location of at least one of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern, when the zero or more than zero defect features include at least one defect feature.

4. The evaluation method according to claim 2, further comprising: adjusting a subsequent printing of the output pattern based on the determining step, wherein the at least one defect feature in the zero or more than zero defect features is removed from the subsequent printed output pattern, when the zero or more than zero defect features include at least one defect feature.

5. The evaluation method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: determining that the closeness with respect to the location of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more than zero defect features and the location of each of a plurality of pixels of the received reference pattern is acceptable, when the zero or more than zero defect features include at least one defect feature.

6. The evaluation method according to claim 5, wherein determining that the closeness is acceptable involves an acceptably large separation between the location of each pixel of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more than zero defect features and the location of each of the one or more received reference patterns, when the zero or more than zero defect features include at least one defect feature.

7. The evaluation method of claim 5, further comprising: indicating that the at least one of the zero or more defective features is acceptable when the proximity of the position of the received reference pattern is determined to be acceptable and when the zero or more defective features include at least one defective feature.

8. The evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein The received reference pattern includes a graphical model, and wherein the output pattern is printed based on the graphical model and corresponds to the received reference pattern.

9. The evaluation method of claim 1, further comprising the step of: The output pattern is printed on the media based on the received reference pattern.

10. The evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein The step of presenting the scan-based instance includes: The output pattern printed on the media is scanned, and The scan-based instance is presented based on scanning the output pattern.

11. The evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein The step of computing the difference image includes performing an exclusive-OR logical operation on the one or more pixels of the presented scan-based instance with respect to each corresponding pixel of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern.

12. The evaluation method of claim 1, further comprising: A print quality report is generated, the print quality report including whether the printed output pattern conforms to a specification, a manner in which the printed output pattern differs from the received reference pattern, a step of correcting deviations, statistics regarding acceptable and unacceptable defects, and / or a total number of defects.

13. A system for evaluating an output pattern printed on a media, the evaluation system comprising: a scanner operable to receive a reference pattern corresponding to the output pattern over a network and to present a scan-based instance of the output pattern, wherein the output pattern is printed on the media based on the received reference pattern and wherein the presented scan-based instance includes: a set of features corresponding to at least the received reference pattern; and zero or more defective features outside of the set of features corresponding to at least the received reference pattern; and one or more image processors operable to: compute a difference image based on a comparison of the presented scan-based instance to the received reference pattern, the computed difference image including the zero or more defective features of the presented scan-based instance; and evaluate the computed difference image based on the zero or more defective features including at least one defective feature with respect to a proximity of a position of the at least one defective feature to one or more pixels of the received reference pattern, the evaluation including determining that the proximity is unacceptable when the zero or more defective features include at least one defective feature due to an unacceptably small separation between the position of the one or more pixels of the at least one defective feature in the zero or more defective features and the position of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern.

14. The evaluation system of claim 13, wherein, The computation of the difference image by the one or more image processors includes performing an exclusive-OR logical operation on the one or more pixels of the presented scan-based instance with respect to each corresponding pixel of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern. A print quality report is generated, the print quality report including whether the printed output pattern conforms to a specification, a manner in which the printed output pattern differs from the received reference pattern, a step of correcting deviations, statistics regarding acceptable and unacceptable defects, and / or a total number of defects.

15. The evaluation system of claim 13, wherein, The one or more image processors are further operable to, based on the determining step, give a warning regarding an unacceptable proximity between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature and the location of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern when the zero or more than zero defect features includes at least one defect feature.

16. The evaluation system of claim 15, wherein, The unacceptable proximity relates to a spatial distance between the location of one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature and the location of at least one of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern when the zero or more than zero defect features includes at least one defect feature.

17. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, are operable to cause, control and / or program a process for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium, the evaluation process comprising: receiving a reference pattern, wherein the output pattern is printed on the medium based correspondingly on the received reference pattern; presenting a scan-based instance of the output pattern, wherein the presented scan-based instance comprises a plurality of picture patterns, and wherein the presented scan-based instance comprises: a set of features corresponding to at least the reference pattern; and zero or more than zero defect features outside of the set of features corresponding to at least the reference pattern; computing a difference image based on a comparison of the presented scan-based instance and the received reference pattern, the computed difference image including the zero or more than zero defect features of the presented scan-based instance; and evaluating the computed difference image based on the zero or more than zero defect features including at least one defect feature regarding a proximity of the at least one defect feature to the location of one or more pixels of the received reference pattern, the evaluation including determining that the proximity is unacceptable due to an unacceptably small separation between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature and the location of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern when the zero or more than zero defect features includes at least one defect feature.

18. A method for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium, the evaluation method comprising the steps of: presenting a scan-based instance of the output pattern, the output pattern being printed on the medium based correspondingly on a reference pattern, wherein the presented scan-based instance comprises a plurality of picture patterns, wherein the presented scan-based instance comprises: a set of features corresponding to at least the reference pattern; and zero or more than zero defect features outside of the set of features corresponding to at least the reference pattern; computing a difference image based on a comparison of the presented scan-based instance and the reference pattern, the computed difference image including the zero or more than zero defect features of the presented scan-based instance; and evaluating the computed difference image based on the zero or more than zero defect features including at least one defect feature regarding a proximity of the at least one defect feature to the location of one or more pixels of the received reference pattern, the evaluation including determining that the proximity is unacceptable due to an unacceptably small separation between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature and the location of the one or more pixels of the received reference pattern when the zero or more than zero defect features includes at least one defect feature. evaluating the computed difference image with respect to a closeness of a location of the at least one defect feature to one or more pixels of the reference pattern based on the zero or more defect features including at least one defect feature, the evaluating including determining that the closeness is unacceptable due to an unacceptably small separation between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more defect features and the location of the one or more pixels of the reference pattern.

19. The evaluation method of claim 18, further comprising the step of: based on the determining step, giving a warning with respect to the unacceptably close location of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more defect features to the one or more pixels of the reference pattern when the zero or more defect features include at least one defect feature.

20. The evaluation method according to claim 19, wherein the unacceptably close location involves a spatial distance between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more defect features and at least one of the one or more pixels of the reference pattern when the zero or more defect features include at least one defect feature.

21. The evaluation method of claim 18, further comprising the step of: determining that the closeness with respect to the location of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more defect features to each of a plurality of pixels of the reference pattern is acceptable when the zero or more defect features include at least one defect feature.

22. The evaluation method according to claim 21, wherein determining that the closeness is acceptable involves an acceptably large separation between the location of each pixel of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more defect features and each of a plurality of pixels of the reference pattern when the zero or more defect features include at least one defect feature.

23. The evaluation method of claim 21, further comprising: indicating that the at least one defect feature in the zero or more defect features is acceptable when it is determined that the closeness with respect to the location of each of a plurality of pixels of the reference pattern is acceptable and when the zero or more defect features include at least one defect feature.

24. The evaluation method according to claim 18, wherein the reference pattern includes a graphical model, and wherein the output pattern corresponds to the reference pattern based on the graphical model.

25. The evaluation method according to claim 18, wherein the step of presenting a scan-based instance includes: scanning the output pattern printed on the medium, and presenting the scan-based instance based on scanning the output pattern.

26. The evaluation method according to claim 18, wherein the step of computing a difference image includes performing an exclusive-OR logical operation on the one or more pixels of the reference pattern of the presented scan-based instance with respect to each corresponding pixel of the reference pattern.

27. The evaluation method of claim 18, further comprising: generating a print quality report including whether the printed output pattern conforms to a specification, a manner in which the printed output pattern differs from the reference pattern, a step of correcting a deviation, statistics regarding acceptable and unacceptable defects, and / or a total number of defects.

28. A scanner for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium, the scanner comprising: one or more image processors operable to: rendering a scan-based instance of the output pattern, wherein the output pattern is printed on the medium based on the reference pattern and wherein the rendered scan-based instance includes: a set of features corresponding to at least the reference pattern; and zero or more than zero defect features outside of the set of features corresponding to at least the reference pattern; and computing a difference image based on a comparison of the rendered scan-based instance to the reference pattern, the computed difference image including the zero or more than zero defect features of the rendered scan-based instance; and evaluating the computed difference image based on the zero or more than zero defect features including at least one defect feature with respect to a closeness of the at least one defect feature to a location of one or more pixels of the reference pattern, the evaluating including determining that the closeness is unacceptable when the zero or more than zero defect features include the at least one defect feature due to an unacceptably small separation between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature and the location of the one or more pixels of the reference pattern.

29. The scanner of claim 28, wherein, the computing of the difference image by the one or more image processors includes performing an exclusive-OR logical operation on the one or more pixels of the reference pattern of the rendered scan-based instance with respect to each corresponding pixel of the reference pattern.

30. The scanner of claim 28, wherein, the one or more image processors are further operable to give a warning based on the determining step when the zero or more than zero defect features include the at least one defect feature with respect to the unacceptably closeness of the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more than zero defect features to the location of the one or more pixels of the reference pattern.

31. The scanner of claim 30, wherein, the unacceptably closeness relates to a spatial distance between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature in the zero or more than zero defect features and at least one of the one or more pixels of the reference pattern when the zero or more than zero defect features include the at least one defect feature.

32. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions operable when executed by a processor to cause, control and / or program a process for evaluating an output pattern printed on a medium, the evaluation process comprising: rendering a scan-based instance of the output pattern, wherein the output pattern is printed on the medium based on the reference pattern and wherein the rendered scan-based instance includes a plurality of picture patterns, wherein the rendered scan-based instance includes: a set of features corresponding to at least the reference pattern; and zero or more than zero defect features outside of the set of features corresponding to at least the reference pattern; and computing a difference image based on a comparison of the rendered scan-based instance to the reference pattern, the computed difference image including the zero or more than zero defect features of the rendered scan-based instance; and evaluating the computed difference image based on the zero or more than zero defect features including at least one defect feature with respect to a closeness of the at least one defect feature to a location of one or more pixels of the reference pattern, the evaluating including determining that the closeness is unacceptable when the zero or more than zero defect features include the at least one defect feature due to an unacceptably small separation between the location of the one or more pixels of the at least one defect feature and the location of the one or more pixels of the reference pattern. evaluating the computed difference image with respect to a proximity of the one or more pixel locations of the at least one defect feature to one or more pixel locations of the reference pattern based on the zero or more than zero defect features including the at least one defect feature, the evaluating including determining that the proximity is unacceptable due to an unacceptably small separation between the one or more pixel locations of the at least one defect feature and the one or more pixel locations of the reference pattern in the zero or more than zero defect features when the zero or more than zero defect features include the at least one defect feature.

Images