Data transmission method, device and system

Abstract

A data transmission method, device, and system are disclosed. A first communication device obtains data packets in a first direction and data packets in a second direction, where the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction correspond to the same service. If the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink. A target transmission delay in the second direction is determined based on a total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packets in the first direction. The first communication device transmits the data packets in the second direction based on the target transmission delay in the second direction. The total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction. In this manner, data packets in the second direction can be scheduled based on the total transmission delay requirement of the service and the transmission delay in the first direction, enabling delay control at a finer granularity, such as for data packets in the second direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a data transmission method, device, and system. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of services on the network, such as conversational services, streaming services, interactive services, and background services. In specific applications, some services are sensitive to transmission latency. For example, interactive services are very sensitive to the total data transmission latency. Interactive services refer to services that have strong interactions between users or between users and the environment. An example is cloud virtual reality (VR) services.

[0003] Figure 1 An example of an interactive business scenario diagram is shown, such as Figure 1 As shown, the user holds a sensor in his hand. When the user raises his hand, the sensor on the user's hand sends the data corresponding to the "hand-raising action" to the server. The server processes the received uplink data "hand-raising action" and generates downlink data "hand-raising action". The downlink data "hand-raising action" is sent to the display of the terminal device ( Figure 1 The user will eventually see the “hand raising action” on the display. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, from the moment the user raises their hand until the user sees the hand-raising gesture on the display, data transmission undergoes both uplink and downlink transmission. The sum of the uplink and downlink transmission delays will affect the real-time performance of the "hand-raising gesture" image displayed on the display.

[0004] In the prior art, a server sends a service's Quality of Service (QoS) requirements to the network (for example, a VR service's uplink transmission latency requirement of 10 milliseconds (ms) and downlink transmission latency requirement of 20ms). The network establishes corresponding QoS flows for uplink and downlink transmissions, each corresponding to the quality of service parameters. The established QoS flows are used to transmit uplink and downlink data between the terminal device and the network to ensure service transmission latency.

[0005] However, currently only rough QoS control can be performed on all data of uplink business flows and all data of downlink business flows. There is an urgent need for a data transmission solution to more accurately control data transmission delay. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, device, and system for more accurately controlling data transmission delay.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, a data transmission method is provided, comprising: a first communication device receiving a data packet in a first direction; the data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp indicating the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction; the first communication device receiving a data packet in a second direction; wherein the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink; the first communication device transmitting the data packet in the second direction based on a total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction; wherein the total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction. In this way, the data packet in the second direction can be scheduled based on the total transmission delay requirement of the service and the transmission time of the first direction, and delay control can be performed at a finer granularity for the data packet in the second direction.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first-direction data packet includes a group identifier, and the second-direction data packet also includes a group identifier. After the first communications device receives the second-direction data packet and before sending the second-direction data packet, the method further includes: if the first communications device determines that the group identifier of the second-direction data packet is associated with the group identifier of the first-direction data packet, then determining that the first-direction data packet and the second-direction data packet correspond to the same service. In this way, the corresponding first-direction data packet and the second-direction data packet can be determined by the group identifier, laying the foundation for more fine-grained data packet scheduling.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the group identifier included in the uplink data packet is carried in the Internet Protocol (IP) layer or the General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol (GTP) layer of the uplink data packet; and / or, the group identifier included in the downlink data packet is carried in the IP layer of the downlink data packet.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first communication device sends a data packet in a second direction based on a total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction, including: the first communication device determines a target transmission delay in the second direction based on the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission delay in the first direction; and the first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction based on the target transmission delay in the second direction. Because the data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp, the transmission delay in the first direction can be determined. Furthermore, because the first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction based on the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission delay in the first direction, the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction can be controlled in a more fine-grained manner.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first communication device sends data packets in the second direction based on a total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of data packets in the first direction, including: the first communication device determines a target transmission delay in the second direction based on the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the duration; wherein the duration refers to the time between the time the first communication device receives the data packets in the second direction and the time the data packets in the first direction are transmitted; and the first communication device sends the data packets in the second direction based on the target transmission delay in the second direction. Because the data packets in the first direction include timestamps, the transmission delay of the data packets in the second direction can be further controlled to a smaller range by subtracting the time from sending the data packets in the first direction to receiving the data packets in the second direction from the total transmission delay requirement.

[0013] In one possible implementation, after determining the target transmission delay for the second direction and before sending the data packet in the second direction, the method further includes: if the second-direction transmission delay requirement for the data packet in the second direction does not meet the target transmission delay for the second direction, performing one or more of the following: lowering the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter for the data packet in the second direction; increasing the transmission priority of the data packet in the second direction; increasing the service transmission bit rate for the second direction; or increasing the service packet loss rate. In this manner, when the second-direction transmission delay requirement is greater than the target transmission delay for the second direction, if the data packet in the second direction is not scheduled, the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction may exceed the target transmission delay for the second direction, potentially causing the total transmission delay to exceed the total transmission delay requirement. However, by implementing one or more of the above measures in this solution, the actual transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction can be increased, thereby ensuring that the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction does not exceed the target transmission delay for the second direction, thereby ensuring that the total transmission delay does not exceed the total transmission delay requirement. Since this solution can flexibly adjust the service quality parameters of a business, compared with existing technologies, it can control the data packets of each business at a finer granularity, which can further improve the user experience.

[0014] In one possible implementation, before the first communications device transmits a data packet in the second direction based on the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction, the first communications device further comprises: obtaining the total transmission delay requirement of the service through a session establishment process or a session modification process. In this manner, the total transmission delay requirement can be obtained compatible with existing technologies.

[0015] In a second aspect, a data transmission method is provided, comprising: the second communication device determines that a service meets a first condition; the second communication device triggers a session modification process, the session modification process being used to modify the service quality parameters of the service; wherein the first condition includes one or more of the following: the transmission delay in the first direction of the service is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the first direction; wherein, if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink; the transmission delay in the second direction of the service is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the second direction; the total transmission delay of the service is greater than the total transmission delay requirement, the total transmission delay being the sum of the uplink transmission delay and the downlink transmission delay; the total transmission delay requirement being the sum of the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement. In an embodiment of the present application, when the transmission delay corresponding to the service does not meet the transmission delay requirement, the QoS parameters can be modified by the triggered session modification process. That is, in an embodiment of the present application, by introducing a QoS feedback mechanism, the QoS parameters are modified when the transmission delay does not meet the transmission delay requirement.

[0016] In one possible implementation, if the first condition is that the total transmission delay is greater than the total transmission delay requirement of the service, then: before determining that the transmission delay corresponding to the service meets the first condition, the second communication device further includes: the second communication device sends a first-direction delay detection data packet according to the service quality parameter of the first direction of the service, and the first-direction delay detection data packet includes a timestamp for indicating the sending time of the first-direction delay detection data packet; the second communication device receives a second-direction delay detection data packet, and the second-direction delay detection data packet is sent according to the service quality parameter of the second direction of the service; wherein, if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink; the second communication device determines the total transmission delay of the service based on the reception time of the second-direction delay detection data packet and the sending time of the first-direction delay detection data packet. In this way, the transmission delay of the service can be evaluated by sending delay detection data packets.

[0017] In one possible implementation, if the first condition is that the transmission delay in the first direction is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the first direction, then: before determining that the transmission delay corresponding to the service meets the first condition, the second communication device further includes: receiving a delay detection packet in the first direction, the delay detection packet in the first direction including a timestamp indicating the transmission time of the delay detection packet in the first direction; and determining the transmission delay in the first direction of the service based on the reception time and the transmission time of the delay detection packet in the first direction. In this way, whether to perform QoS feedback can be determined based on whether the transmission delay in the first direction meets the transmission delay requirement in the first direction.

[0018] In one possible implementation, if the second condition is that the transmission delay in the second direction is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the second direction, then: before determining that the transmission delay corresponding to the service meets the second condition, the second communication device further includes: receiving a delay detection packet in the second direction, the delay detection packet in the second direction including a timestamp indicating the transmission time of the delay detection packet in the second direction; and determining the transmission delay in the second direction of the service based on the reception time and the transmission time of the delay detection packet in the second direction. In this way, whether to perform QoS feedback can be determined based on whether the transmission delay in the second direction meets the transmission delay requirement in the second direction.

[0019] In one possible implementation, a second communications device triggers a session modification process, including: the second communications device sending a first signaling to a session management function network element; the first signaling is used to cause the session management function network element to send a session modification request; wherein the first signaling includes: indication information for indicating an adjusted value of a parameter to be adjusted in a quality of service parameter; wherein the parameter to be adjusted includes one or more of the following: a quality of service flow identifier, a 5G quality of service identifier, a data packet transmission delay, a service transmission bit rate, and a service packet loss rate. In this way, whether to perform QoS feedback can be determined based on whether the total transmission delay meets the total transmission delay requirement.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the second communication device includes: a terminal device, a core network element, or a server. In this way, the flexibility of the solution can be improved.

[0021] On the third aspect, a data transmission method is provided, including: a core network element receives the total transmission delay requirement of a service from an application server; the core network element determines the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service. The core network element can decompose the uplink and downlink QoS requirements according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service to obtain the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service. On the one hand, because for some services, such as the above Figure 1 For interactive services mentioned above, servers are not concerned with uplink or downlink transmission latency, but rather with total transmission latency. Therefore, servers only need to report their total transmission latency requirements. Core network elements then decompose the uplink and downlink QoS requirements, effectively distributing work among network elements.

[0022] In one possible implementation, one of the quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the downlink data packet includes one or more of the following: QoS flow identifier, 5G QoS identifier, data packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate, and service packet loss rate. This allows for a more detailed decomposition of QoS requirements based on the overall needs of the application server.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the core network element determines the uplink and downlink transmission delay requirements of the service based on the total transmission delay requirement of the service, including: the core network element determines the uplink and downlink transmission delay requirements of the service based on at least one of network capabilities and network status, as well as the total transmission delay requirement of the service. In this way, the determined quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink and downlink data packets of the service can be more reasonable, and the error between the actual delay of the data packets and the delay required by the quality of service parameters can be reduced.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the network capability includes: the network's uplink bandwidth capability and / or the network's downlink bandwidth capability. In one possible implementation, the network status includes one or more of the following: the load of the access network's uplink; the load of the access network's downlink; the uplink transmission delay of an uplink delay detection packet; and the downlink transmission delay of a downlink delay detection packet.

[0025] In one possible implementation, after the core network element determines the quality of service parameters corresponding to uplink and downlink data packets of the service based on the total transmission delay requirement of the service, the core network element further includes: transmitting the quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink and downlink data packets of the service to the session management element through a session establishment process or a session modification process. In this way, the session management element can enforce the quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink and downlink data packets, thereby providing QoS assurance for the data packets.

[0026] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided for implementing the various methods described above. The communication device may be the first communication device described in the first aspect, or a device including the first communication device. The first communication device may be a user plane network element or a terminal device. Alternatively, the communication device may be the second communication device described in the second aspect, or a device including the second communication device, wherein the second communication device may be a terminal device, a core network element, or a server. Alternatively, the communication device may be the core network element described in the third aspect, or a device including the core network element. The communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the methods described above, and the modules, units, or means may be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software implementations. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions described above.

[0027] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the communication device performs the method of any one of the above aspects. The communication device can be the first communication device in the above first aspect, or a device including the above first communication device. The first communication device can be a user plane network element or a terminal device. Alternatively, the communication device can be the second communication device in the above second aspect, or a device including the above second communication device, wherein the second communication device can be a terminal device, a core network network element or a server. Alternatively, the communication device can be the core network network element in the third aspect, or a device including the above core network network element.

[0028] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor; the processor is configured to be coupled to a memory, and after reading an instruction in the memory, execute the method as described in any one of the above aspects according to the instruction. The communication device may be the first communication device in the above first aspect, or a device including the above first communication device. The first communication device may be a user plane network element, or a terminal device. Alternatively, the communication device may be the second communication device in the above second aspect, or a device including the above second communication device, wherein the second communication device may be a terminal device, a core network network element, or a server. Alternatively, the communication device may be the core network network element in the third aspect, or a device including the above core network network element.

[0029] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute any of the above methods.

[0030] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute any of the above methods.

[0031] In a ninth aspect, a communication device (for example, a chip or a chip system) is provided, wherein the communication device includes a processor for implementing the functions involved in any of the above aspects. In one possible design, the communication device also includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data. When the communication device is a chip system, it can be composed of a chip or include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0032] Among them, the technical effects brought about by any design method in the fourth to ninth aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by different design methods in the above-mentioned first, second or third aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0033] In the tenth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes: a first communication device and an application server. The first direction is uplink, and the second direction is downlink. The first communication device is used to: receive data packets in the first direction, receive data packets in the second direction from the application server, and send data packets in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packets in the first direction. The application server is used to receive data packets in the first direction from the first communication device and send data packets in the second direction to the first communication device. The data packets in the first direction include a timestamp indicating the sending time of the data packets in the first direction; the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction correspond to the same service; and the total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction. The technical effects brought about by the tenth aspect can be referred to the technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0034] In the eleventh aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes: a first communication device and an application server. The first direction is downlink, and the second direction is uplink. The first communication device is used to: receive data packets in the first direction from the application server, receive data packets in the second direction, and send the data packets in the second direction to the application server based on the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packets in the first direction. The application server is used to send the data packets in the first direction to the first communication device and receive data packets in the second direction from the first communication device. The data packets in the first direction include a timestamp indicating the sending time of the data packets in the first direction; the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction correspond to the same service; and the total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction. The technical effects brought about by the eleventh aspect can be referred to the technical effects brought about by the above-mentioned first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0035] In a twelfth aspect, a communications system is provided, comprising a core network element and an application server. The core network element is configured to receive a total transmission delay requirement of a service from the application server and, based on the total transmission delay requirement of the service, determine quality of service parameters corresponding to uplink and downlink data packets of the service. The application server is configured to send the total transmission delay requirement of the service to the core network element. The technical effects of the twelfth aspect can be found in the technical effects of the third aspect above and are not further elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A scene graph for an interactive service;

[0037] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 A 5G network architecture for a non-roaming scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 Another 5G network architecture for a non-roaming scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 A flowchart of a data transmission method is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a network architecture;

[0044] Figure 9 A flowchart of a session establishment process;

[0045] Figure 10 A flowchart of a session modification process is shown;

[0046] Figure 11 A flowchart of a data transmission method is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 12 A flowchart of a data transmission method is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 13 A flowchart of a data transmission method is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Among them, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can represent A or B; "and / or" in the present application is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" refers to two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple. In addition, in order to facilitate the clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between identical or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art will understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily limit differences. At the same time, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way for easy understanding.

[0051] In addition, the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a communication system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown as an example. Figure 2 As shown, the communication system 1100 includes: a first communication device 1101 and an application server 1102. The first communication device 1101 and the application server 1102 can communicate directly or through forwarding of other devices, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the application.

[0053] Based on the system architecture of the communication system 1100, the embodiment of the present application can provide two possible implementation methods.

[0054] In a first possible implementation, the first direction is uplink and the second direction is downlink. The first communication device 1101 is configured to receive data packets in the first direction, receive data packets in the second direction from the application server 1102, and send data packets in the second direction based on the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packets in the first direction. The application server 1102 is configured to receive data packets in the first direction from the first communication device 1101 and send data packets in the second direction to the first communication device 1101. The data packets in the first direction include a timestamp indicating the transmission time of the data packets in the first direction; the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction correspond to the same service; and the total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction.

[0055] In a second possible implementation, the first direction is downlink and the second direction is uplink. The first communication device 1101 is configured to: receive a data packet in the first direction from the application server 1102, receive a data packet in the second direction, and send the data packet in the second direction to the application server 1102 based on the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction. The application server 1102 is configured to send the data packet in the first direction to the first communication device 1101 and receive the data packet in the second direction from the first communication device 1101. The data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp indicating the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; and the total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction.

[0056] In the above two possible implementations, since the data packets in the second direction can be scheduled according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service and the sending time in the first direction, delay control can be performed at a finer granularity for the data packets in the second direction.

[0057] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a communication system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown as an example. Figure 2 As shown, the communication system 1200 includes: a core network element 1201 and an application server 1202. The core network element 1201 and the application server 1202 can communicate directly or through forwarding of other devices, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the application.

[0058] Among them, the core network element 1201 is used to receive the total transmission delay requirement of the service from the application server 1202, and determine the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service. The application server 1202 is used to send the total transmission delay requirement of the service to the core network element 1201. In this way, on the one hand, because for some services, such as the above Figure 1 For interactive services mentioned above, servers are not concerned with uplink or downlink transmission latency, but rather with total transmission latency. Therefore, servers only need to report their total transmission latency requirements. Core network elements then decompose the uplink and downlink QoS requirements, effectively distributing work among network elements.

[0059] Optional, Figure 2 The communication system 1100 shown or Figure 3 The communication system 1200 shown can be applied to the 5G network currently under discussion or other future networks, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0060] For example, assuming Figure 2 The communication system 1100 shown or Figure 3 The communication system 1200 shown is applied to a 5G network architecture in a non-roaming scenario. Figure 4 As shown, the above-mentioned first communication device can be a user plane network element or a terminal device. The user plane network element is a user plane function (UPF) network element in the non-roaming 5G network architecture. The core network network element in the embodiment of the present application may include: any one of a network exposure function network element, an access and mobility management network element, and a session management network element. The network exposure function network element may be a network exposure function (NEF) network element in the non-roaming 5G network architecture. The access and mobility management network element may be an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element in the non-roaming 5G network architecture. The session management network element may be a session management function (SMF) network element in the non-roaming 5G network architecture. The core network network element may also be other network elements located in the core network of the non-roaming 5G network architecture.

[0061] In addition, if Figure 4As shown, the non-roaming 5G network architecture may also include (radio) access network (R)AN) equipment, data network (DN), and policy control network elements may be policy control function (PCF) network elements, authentication server function (AUSF) network elements, unified data management (UDM) network elements, application function (AF) network elements or other network elements not shown, such as network registration function (NRF) network elements, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0062] Among them, the terminal device communicates with the AMF network element through the next generation network (next generation, N) 1 interface (referred to as N1), the RAN device communicates with the AMF network element through the N2 interface (referred to as N2), the RAN device communicates with the UPF network element through the N3 interface (referred to as N3), the UPF network element communicates with the DN through the N6 interface (referred to as N6), the AMF network element communicates with the SMF network element through the N11 interface (referred to as N11), the AMF network element communicates with the UDM network element through the N8 interface (referred to as N8), and the AMF network element communicates with the UDM network element through the N12 interface (referred to as N12). N12) communicates with AUSF network elements, AMF network elements communicate with PCF network elements through N15 interface (N15 for short), SMF network elements communicate with PCF network elements through N7 interface (N7 for short), SMF network elements communicate with UPF network elements through N4 interface (N4 for short), SMF network elements communicate with UDM network elements through N10 interface (N10 for short), UDM network elements communicate with AUSF network elements through N13 interface (N13 for short), and PCF network elements communicate with AF network elements through N5 interface (N5 for short).

[0063] In addition, it should be noted that Figure 4 The control plane network elements such as AMF network element, SMF network element, UDM network element, AUSF network element, PCF network element or AF network element in the non-roaming 5G network architecture shown can also use service-oriented interfaces to interact. Figure 5As shown, the service interface provided by the AMF network element to the outside world may be Namf; the service interface provided by the SMF network element to the outside world may be Nsmf; the service interface provided by the UDM network element to the outside world may be Nudm; the service interface provided by the PCF network element to the outside world may be Npcf, the service interface provided by the AUSF network element to the outside world may be Nausf, and the service interface provided by the AF network element to the outside world may be Naf. For related descriptions, please refer to the 5G system architecture in the 23501 standard, which will not be repeated here.

[0064] certainly, Figure 2 The communication system 1100 shown or Figure 3 The communication system 1200 shown can also be applied to the 5G network architecture in the local breakout roaming scenario or the 5G network architecture in the home routed roaming scenario. In this case, only the relevant network elements need to be adaptively replaced, which will not be described one by one here.

[0065] Optionally, the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device for implementing wireless communication functions, such as a terminal or a chip that can be used in a terminal. The terminal may be a user equipment (UE), an access terminal, a terminal unit, a terminal station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a terminal agent, or a terminal device in a 5G network or a future evolved PLMN. An access terminal may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device or a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal used in industrial control, a wireless terminal used in self-driving, a wireless terminal used in remote medical care, a wireless terminal used in smart grids, a wireless terminal used in transportation safety, a wireless terminal used in smart cities, a wireless terminal used in smart homes, etc. The terminal may be mobile or fixed.

[0066] Optionally, the RAN device in the embodiment of the present application refers to a device that accesses the core network, such as a base station, a broadband network gateway (BNG), an aggregation switch, a non-third generation partnership project (3GPP) access device, etc. The base station may include various forms of base stations, such as: a macro base station, a micro base station (also known as a small station), a relay station, an access point, etc.

[0067] Optionally, the first communication device, the second communication device, the core network element, or the application server in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a communication device, which may be a general device or a dedicated device, and the embodiment of the present application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0068] Optionally, the relevant functions of the first communication device, the second communication device, the core network element, or the application server in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented by a single device, or can be implemented by multiple devices together, or can be implemented by one or more functional modules within a single device, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this. It is understandable that the above functions can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or a combination of hardware and software, or virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0069] For example, the first communication device, the second communication device, the core network element, or the application server in the embodiment of the present application can be connected to the core network element. Figure 6 This is implemented by the communication device 1400 in FIG. Figure 6 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1400 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1400 includes one or more processors 1401, a communication line 1402, and at least one communication interface ( Figure 6 The example in which the communication interface 1404 and a processor 1401 are included is merely exemplary), and a memory 1403 may also be included optionally.

[0070] The processor 1401 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application.

[0071] The communication line 1402 may include a path for connecting different components.

[0072] Communication interface 1404 can be a transceiver module for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, RAN, and wireless local area networks (WLAN). For example, the transceiver module can be a device such as a transceiver or a transceiver. Alternatively, communication interface 1404 can be a transceiver circuit located within processor 1401 to implement signal input and output to the processor.

[0073] The memory 1403 may be a device having a storage function. For example, it may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor via a communication line 1402. The memory may also be integrated with the processor.

[0074] The memory 1403 is used to store computer-executable instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 1401. The processor 1401 is used to execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1403, thereby implementing the method for reporting session management information provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0075] Alternatively, optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the processor 1401 may also perform processing-related functions in the method for reporting session management information provided in the following embodiment of the present application, and the communication interface 1404 is responsible for communicating with other devices or communication networks, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0076] Optionally, the computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0077] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 1401 may include one or more CPUs, such as Figure 6CPU0 and CPU1 in.

[0078] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 1400 may include multiple processors, such as Figure 6 Processor 1401 and processor 1408 in the embodiment. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. The processor here can include but is not limited to at least one of the following: a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), or an artificial intelligence processor, etc., and each computing device can include one or more cores for executing software instructions to perform calculations or processing.

[0079] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 1400 may further include an output device 1405 and an input device 1406. The output device 1405 communicates with the processor 1401 and can display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device 1405 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector. The input device 1406 communicates with the processor 1401 and can receive user input in a variety of ways. For example, the input device 1406 can be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.

[0080] The communication device 1400 may also be referred to as a communication apparatus, which may be a general purpose device or a dedicated device. For example, the communication device 1400 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, an embedded device, the terminal device, the network device, or a computer having Figure 6 The embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the communication device 1400.

[0081] The following will be combined Figures 1 to 6 The data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail.

[0082] It should be noted that the message names between network elements or the names of parameters in the messages in the following embodiments of the present application are only examples, and other names may be used in specific implementations. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0083] by Figure 2 The communication system shown is applied to Figure 4 or Figure 5 As an example, the 5G network architecture in the non-roaming scenario shown in the figure is Figure 7 As shown, a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 7 In the example, the first direction is uplink and the second direction is downlink. Figure 7 In the example, the first communication device is taken as a network element (for example, a user plane network element). In other possible implementations, the first communication device may also be a terminal device. The data transmission method includes the following steps:

[0084] Step 301: A first communication device obtains a data packet in a first direction; the data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp indicating a sending time of the data packet in the first direction.

[0085] Further, if Figure 7 As shown, when the first direction is uplink, after the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction sent by the terminal device, it can send the data packet in the first direction to 301.

[0086] Step 302: The first communication device obtains a data packet in the second direction; wherein the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, the same service may correspond to multiple data packets, for example, it may include one or more uplink data packets, and one or more downlink data packets. In the embodiment of the present application, the data flow of the same service may include, for example, the following scenarios, for example, uplink data may be sent by a terminal device to a server, and downlink data is a response to the uplink data. In this case, the uplink data and the downlink data may be referred to as a data flow of a service. For another example, downlink data may be sent by a server to a terminal, and uplink data is a response to the downlink data. In this case, the downlink data and the uplink data may be referred to as a data flow of a service. In the embodiment of the present application, the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction correspond to the same service, which means that the data packets in the second direction are generated on the basis of the data packets in the first direction. For example Figure 1 The downlink data "hand-raising action" mentioned in the above is generated based on the uplink data "hand-raising action", which can be called Figure 1The uplink data "hand-raising gesture" mentioned in the preceding text corresponds to the same service. For another example, if a data packet in the first direction is a request signaling for some data, then a data packet in the second direction generated based on the data packet in the first direction can carry the requested data. In this case, the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service.

[0088] Step 303: The first communication device determines a target transmission delay in the second direction based on the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction, wherein the total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction.

[0089] Step 304: The first communication device sends a data packet in the second direction according to the target transmission delay in the second direction.

[0090] It can be seen from the above scheme that the embodiment of the present application can schedule the data packets in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service and the transmission delay of the first direction. In other words, the embodiment of the present application can perform delay control on a finer granularity such as the second data packet, while the existing scheme only performs coarse-grained QoS control on all data of the uplink service flow and all data of the downlink service flow. Figure 1 From the existing solution, it is only possible to perform coarse-grained QoS control on all data of the uplink and downlink traffic flows of VR services, but it is not possible to perform QoS control on finer-grained data packets in VR services, such as Figure 1 The uplink and downlink data are scheduled according to the "hand-raising action". Figure 1 After applying the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the transmission delay of the uplink data "raising hand action" can be obtained, and combined with the total transmission delay requirement of the VR service, the downlink data "raising hand action" can be scheduled so that the downlink data "raising hand action" can meet the delay requirement.

[0091] Figure 7 In the example, the first direction is uplink and the second direction is downlink. In another possible implementation, if the first direction is downlink and the second direction is uplink, then Figure 7 In the embodiment, the first communication device can receive data packets in a first direction from the application server and send them to the terminal device, receive data packets in a second direction from the terminal device, and send data packets in the second direction to the application server according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packets in the first direction.

[0092] Figure 7The first communication device is only used as an example. In another possible implementation, if the first communication device is a terminal device, the first direction is downlink and the second direction is uplink. In this implementation, the first communication device receives the data packet in the first direction from the application server, and sends the generated data packet in the second direction to the application server based on the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction.

[0093] Regarding the fact that the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service as mentioned in step 302 above, there are multiple implementation methods. In one possible implementation method, the first communications device obtains a group identifier of the data packet in the first direction; if the first communications device determines that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction is associated with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, then the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction are determined to correspond to the same service. The data packet in the first direction includes the group identifier, and the data packet in the second direction also includes the group identifier.

[0094] In the embodiments of the present application, the association between two group identifiers can be determined based on the characteristics of the group identifiers themselves, calculated based on a preset calculation formula, or determined by querying a group identifier correspondence table. The group identifier correspondence table includes a number of group identifiers with associated relationships. Several possible implementations are described below, using Schemes a1, a2, a3, and a4, respectively.

[0095] Solution a1, the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction is associated with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, including: the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction is the same as the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction.

[0096] Solution a2, wherein the group identifier of the second-direction data packet is associated with the group identifier of the first-direction data packet, including: a preset field in the group identifier of the second-direction data packet is the same as the preset field in the group identifier of the first-direction data packet. The preset field may be, for example, a partial field in the group identifier, such as the first three characters in the group identifier.

[0097] Scheme a3, the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction has an associated relationship with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, including: taking the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction as input, running a preset calculation formula, if the output value is the same as the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction, then determining that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction has an associated relationship with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction.

[0098] Scheme a4, the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction has an associated relationship with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, including: querying the group identifier correspondence table, if the group identifier corresponding to the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction in the group identifier correspondence table is the same as the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction, then determining that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction has an associated relationship with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction.

[0099] There are multiple implementations for the position of the group identifiers carried by the data packets in the first direction and the data packets in the second direction, and several possible implementations are provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0100] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a network architecture is shown as an example. Figure 8 The figure shows the application layer, transport layer, Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer on the terminal device side. The figure also shows the SDAP layer and General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol (GTP) layer on the RAN side, and the GTP layer and IP layer on the UPF side.

[0101] For uplink data packets, the terminal device generates an uplink data packet, which is then sent to the UPF via the RAN. In one example, the terminal device adds a group identifier to the uplink data packet at the application layer. At the IP layer, the terminal device writes the group identifier of the uplink data packet read from the application layer into the IP layer, for example, by writing it into an option at the IP layer. Furthermore, at the SDAP layer, the terminal device writes the group identifier of the uplink data packet read from the IP layer into the header of the SDAP layer. Optionally, the terminal device can timestamp the uplink data packet for interactive services, for example, by timestamp the SDAP layer of the uplink data packet. This timestamp indicates the time the uplink data packet was sent. The terminal device sends the uplink data packet to the RAN. The RAN can read the group identifier from the SDAP layer and write it into the GTP layer of the uplink data packet. The RAN sends the uplink data packet to the UPF. After receiving the uplink data packet, the UPF can obtain the group identifier of the uplink data packet from the GTP layer. After receiving the uplink data packet, the server may obtain the group identifier of the uplink data packet from the GTP layer.

[0102] In another example, for uplink data packets, the terminal device adds a group identifier to the uplink data packet at the application layer. At the IP layer, the terminal device writes the group identifier of the uplink data packet read from the application layer to the IP layer, for example, by writing it to an option in the IP layer. The terminal device sends the uplink data packet to the UPF via the RAN. After receiving the uplink data packet, the UPF can obtain the group identifier of the uplink data packet from the IP layer. After receiving the uplink data packet, the server can obtain the group identifier of the uplink data packet from the IP layer.

[0103] In the third example, for the downlink data packet, after the server receives the uplink data packet, when generating a downlink data packet based on the uplink data packet, it will read the group identifier in the uplink data packet and carry the group identifier associated with the group identifier in the downlink data packet. For example, the group identifier included in the downlink data packet can be carried in the IP layer of the downlink data packet. The server sends the downlink data packet to the UPF. After the UPF receives the downlink data packet, it can read the group identifier carried in the downlink data packet from the IP layer (such as the option of the IP layer). After the terminal device receives the downlink data packet, it can read the group identifier carried in the downlink data packet from the IP layer (such as the option of the IP layer).

[0104] With respect to the above-mentioned step 303, in an implementation mode of a possible implementation of the above-mentioned step 303, the first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction based on the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction, including: the first communication device determines the transmission delay in the first direction based on the time when the data packet in the first direction is received and the timestamp in the data packet in the first direction. The first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction based on the total transmission delay requirement and the difference between the transmission delays in the first direction. For example, when the first communication device is a server, the transmission delay in the first direction may refer to the transmission delay between the terminal device and the application server. When the first communication device is a user-plane network element, the transmission delay in the first direction may refer to the transmission delay between the terminal device and the user-plane network element. When the first communication device is a terminal device, the transmission delay in the first direction may refer to the transmission delay between the terminal device and the application server or the transmission delay between the terminal device and the user-plane network element. Combined with Figure 8 The example shown is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 8 As shown, taking the first communication device as UPF as an example, after the UPF receives the uplink data packet, it can record the arrival time of the uplink data packet, and calculate the uplink transmission delay of the uplink data packet based on the timestamp in the uplink data packet, and then use the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the uplink transmission delay as the target transmission delay of the downlink data packet.

[0105] With respect to the above step 303, in another possible implementation of the above step 303, the first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission time of the data packet in the first direction, including: the first communication device determines the duration between the time when the data packet in the second direction is received and the timestamp. The first communication device determines the target transmission delay in the second direction according to the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the duration. Figure 8 The example shown is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 8 As shown, taking the first communication device as UPF as an example, UPF receives uplink data packets and downlink data packets, and when receiving a downlink data packet, records the arrival time of the received downlink data packet, calculates the duration between the timestamp of the uplink data packet and the time when the downlink data packet reaches UPF, and uses the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the duration as the target transmission delay.

[0106] In the above step 304, the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction can be made to meet the target transmission delay of the second direction as much as possible, for example, the transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction is made not greater than the target transmission delay of the second direction. For example, if the total transmission delay requirement is 20ms, when the transmission delay of the uplink data packet is 5ms, then when the UPF receives the downlink data packet, it should control the transmission delay of the downlink data packet to be no greater than 15ms, and 15ms can be called the downlink target transmission delay. In this way, compared with the solution in the prior art that only sends the data packet in the second direction based on the quality of service parameters in the Qos flow, this solution can be more flexible, more accurate, and schedule the sending of the data packet in the second direction with a finer granularity.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, the network can provide QoS guarantee for the transmitted services through the QoS flow mechanism. Specifically, the terminal device can establish a QoS flow with the user plane network element, and transmit services with the same QoS through the same QoS flow. For example, a QoS flow1 and a QoS flow2 can be established to transmit data corresponding to two types of QoS respectively. In the embodiment of the present application, the QoS flow includes multiple QoS parameters. Table 1 shows an exemplary schematic table of some QoS parameters. As shown in Table 1, the service quality parameters may include 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS identifier, 5QI), transmission delay (Packet Delay Budget), packet error rate (Packet Error Rate), priority (Default Priority Level), etc. Although not shown in Table 1, those skilled in the art will know that QoS parameters also include many, such as service transmission bit rate, service packet loss rate and other parameters. Among them, 5QI is a scalar used to index the corresponding 5G QoS feature. 5QI is divided into standardized 5QI, pre-configured 5QI and dynamically allocated 5QI. For standardized 5QIs, there is a one-to-one correspondence with a set of standardized 5G QoS feature values. For pre-configured 5QIs, the corresponding 5G QoS feature values are pre-configured on the RAN equipment. For dynamically allocated 5QIs, the corresponding 5G QoS features are sent from the core network equipment to the RAN equipment via a QoS profile. Priority indicates the priority of scheduling resources in a QoS flow.

[0108] Table 1 Schematic table of service quality parameters

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Regarding the above-mentioned step 304, in one possible implementation of the above-mentioned step 304, if the transmission delay requirement of the second direction of the data packet in the second direction does not meet the target transmission delay of the second direction, the service quality parameters of the data packet in the second direction can be adjusted before sending the data packet in the second direction, and then the data packet in the second direction is sent according to the adjusted service quality parameters.

[0112] Among them, the adjustment of the quality of service parameters involved in the embodiment of the present application may include adjusting one or more of the QoS flow identifier (QoS Flow Identifier, QFI), 5QI, data packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate and service packet loss rate of the service. Among them, when the second direction transmission delay requirement of the data packet in the second direction does not meet the target transmission delay of the second direction, the quality of service parameters need to be adjusted to speed up the transmission speed of the data packet in the second direction. Optionally, one or more of the following can be performed for the data packet in the second direction:

[0113] Lowering the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter of the data packet in the second direction;

[0114] increasing the sending priority of the data packet in the second direction;

[0115] increasing the service transmission bit rate in the second direction;

[0116] Improve the service packet loss rate.

[0117] In an optional implementation, if the delay parameter is adjusted, the transmission delay in the service quality parameters of the data packet in the second direction after the adjustment will try to meet the target transmission delay in the second direction. For example, the transmission delay in the service quality parameters of the data packet in the second direction after the adjustment is not greater than the target transmission delay in the second direction. In this way, compared with the scheme in the prior art that only sends the data packet in the second direction according to the service quality parameters in the Qos flow, this scheme can modify the service quality parameters so as to achieve the effect of controlling the sending of the data packet in the second direction with finer granularity.

[0118] In another optional implementation, if the priority is adjusted, the priority may include QFI and / or 5QI, then the increased priority of the data packet in the second direction tries to meet the target transmission delay in the second direction. For example, the data packet in the second direction is sent according to the increased priority of the data packet in the second direction. In this case, the second direction transmission delay of the data packet in the second direction is not greater than the target transmission delay in the second direction. In this way, compared with the prior art scheme of sending the data packet in the second direction only according to the service quality parameters in the Qos flow, this scheme can modify the priority so as to achieve the effect of controlling the sending of the data packet in the second direction with finer granularity.

[0119] Before the above step 303, the first communication device also obtains the total transmission delay requirement. The total transmission delay requirement can be obtained through a variety of implementation methods. For example, the total transmission delay requirement of the service can be obtained through a session establishment process, a session modification process, and a public data network (PDN) connection process, etc. The following is an introduction taking the session establishment process as a packet data unit (PDU) session establishment process and the session modification process as a PDU session modification process as an example. In an embodiment of the present application, a PDU session can be an association between a terminal device and a data network (DN) for providing a PDU connection service.

[0120] The following takes the 5G system as an example. Figure 9 The following is a flow chart showing an exemplary process of establishing a session. Figure 9 Shown, including:

[0121] Step 501: The terminal device sends a PDU session establishment request message to the AMF, and the AMF receives the PDU session establishment request message.

[0122] In a specific implementation, the PDU session establishment request message may be, for example, a PDU Session EstablishmentRequest.

[0123] Step 502: AMF transmits a PDU session establishment request message to SMF, and SMF receives the PDU session establishment request message.

[0124] In a specific implementation, the PDU session establishment request message in step 502 may be, for example, Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Request.

[0125] Step 503: SMF obtains session-related contract information from UDM.

[0126] In a specific implementation, the session-related subscription information may be, for example, (Subscription retrieval / Subscription for updates).

[0127] Step 504: SMF feeds back a PDU session response message to AMF, and AMF receives the PDU session response message.

[0128] In a specific implementation, the PDU session response message in step 504 may be, for example, Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext Response.

[0129] Step 505: The SMF obtains session-related policy rule information from the PCF.

[0130] In a specific implementation, the session-related policy rule information may be, for example, SM Policy Association Establishment or SMF initiated SM Policy Association Modification.

[0131] Step 506: SMF sends a session establishment request to UPF, and UPF receives the session establishment request.

[0132] In a specific implementation, the session establishment request may be, for example, (N4Session Establishment Request).

[0133] A downlink data connection of the core network may be established through step 506 .

[0134] Step 507: UPF sends a session establishment response to SMF, and SMF receives the session establishment response.

[0135] In a specific implementation, the session establishment response may be, for example, N4Session Establishment Response.

[0136] Step 508: SMF sends a PDU session establishment request message to AMF, and AMF receives the PDU session establishment request message.

[0137] In a specific implementation, the PDU session establishment request message in step 508 may be, for example, Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer.

[0138] In step 509, the AMF sends a PDU session establishment request to the RAN, and the RAN receives the PDU session establishment request.

[0139] In a specific implementation, the PDU session establishment request in step 509 may be, for example, N2PDU SessionRequest (NAS msg).

[0140] In step 509, the N2PDU Session Request may be used to trigger the RAN to establish air interface resources for the PDU session.

[0141] In step 510 , after the RAN establishes air interface resources for the PDU session, it sends a PDU session establishment request to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the PDU session establishment request.

[0142] In a specific implementation, the PDU session establishment request in step 510 may be, for example, AN-specific resourcesetup (PDU Session Establishment Accept).

[0143] Step 511: RAN sends a PDU session establishment response to AMF, and AMF receives the PDU session establishment response.

[0144] In a specific implementation, the PDU session establishment response in step 511 may be, for example, an N2PDU SessionResponse.

[0145] A downlink transmission channel for user plane data may be established through the following steps 512 to 516 .

[0146] Step 512: The terminal device sends the first uplink data to the UPF, and the UPF receives the first uplink data.

[0147] In a specific implementation, the first uplink data may be, for example, First Uplink Data.

[0148] Step 513: AMF sends a PDU session update request to SMF, and SMF receives the PDU session update request.

[0149] In a specific implementation, the PDU session update request may be, for example, Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContextRequest.

[0150] Step 514: SMF sends a session modification request to UPF, and UPF receives the session modification request.

[0151] In a specific implementation, the session modification request may be, for example, an N4Session Modification Request.

[0152] Step 515: UPF sends a session modification response to SMF, and SMF receives the session modification response.

[0153] In a specific implementation, the session modification response may be, for example, N4Session Modification Response.

[0154] Step 516: The UPF sends the first downlink data to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the first downlink data.

[0155] In a specific implementation, the first downlink data may be, for example, First Downlink Data.

[0156] In the embodiment of the present application, the policy rule information of the terminal device may include the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement. The first communication device may be a terminal device or a user plane network element. When the first communication device is a user plane network element, such as Figure 9 If the UPF in the PCF is not present, the SMF can obtain the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement from the PCF through the above step 505. Further, the SMF can send the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement to the UPF through step 506.

[0157] When the first communication device is a terminal device, Figure 9 In the PDU session establishment process shown, the SMF can obtain the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement from the PCF through the above step 505. Furthermore, through the above step 508, the SMF transmits the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service to the AMF. Further, through the above steps 509 and 510, the AMF sends the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service to the terminal device.

[0158] In an embodiment of the present application, when the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement are transmitted between various communication devices (for example, between the AMF and the terminal device), the identifier of the corresponding service can also be transmitted. The identifier of the service can be a data quintuple. For example, the identifier of the service corresponding to the uplink transmission delay requirement can be a quintuple of uplink data. For example, the identifier of the service corresponding to the downlink transmission delay requirement can be a quintuple of downlink data.

[0159] The following takes the 5G system as an example. Figure 10 The following is a flow chart showing an exemplary process of session modification. Figure 10 Shown, including:

[0160] Step 601, triggering of session modification process;

[0161] In step 601, the PDU session modification process may be triggered by various events, such as the update of policy rules.

[0162] Step 602: If the session modification causes the SMF to re-request session policy authorization, the session policy is updated between the SMF and the PCF.

[0163] In step 603, the SMF invokes the N1 / N2 messaging service of the AMF and sends the updated session information of the N1 and / or N2 interface to the AMF. The N1 session information may include the QoS rules sent to the UE, and the N2 session information may include the QoS profile sent to the AN.

[0164] Note: Depending on the triggering conditions of the session modification process, the message name used in step 603 may be different.

[0165] Step 604: AMF sends the N1 and / or N2 session information obtained from SMF to AN via N2 message.

[0166] In step 605, the AN initiates an air interface resource modification process based on the received updated QoS parameters to update the air interface resources involved in this session modification. If the AN receives an N1 message (such as a PDU session modification indication or response message) from the SMF, the AN sends the N1 message to the UE.

[0167] In step 606, the AN sends an N2 response message to the AMF, which includes a list of accepted QoS Flow Identifiers (QFIs) and / or a list of rejected QFIs.

[0168] Step 607: AMF calls the session modification service of SMF and sends the information obtained from AN to SMF.

[0169] Step 608: If necessary, the SMF updates the session information. Specifically, the SMF updates the new session information (such as updated QoS parameters) to the UPF via the N4 interface.

[0170] In the embodiment of the present application, the policy rule information of the terminal device may include the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement. The first communication device may be a terminal device or a user plane network element. When the first communication device is a user plane network element, such as Figure 10 If the UPF in the PCF is not provided, the SMF may obtain the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement from the PCF in step 602. Further, the SMF may send the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement to the UPF in step 608.

[0171] When the first communication device is a terminal device, Figure 10 In the PDU session establishment process shown, the SMF can obtain the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement from the PCF through the above step 602. Furthermore, through the above step 603, the SMF transmits the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service to the AMF. Further, through the above steps 604 and 605, the AMF sends the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service to the terminal device.

[0172] Figure 11The flowchart of a data transmission method is shown as an example. The method can be executed by a second communication device. The second communication device can include: a terminal device, a core network element or a server. The core network element can include the above Figure 2 UPF in. Figure 11 In the example, the first direction is uplink and the second direction is downlink, and Figure 11 The second communication device is taken as a terminal device as an example. Figure 11 Shown, including:

[0173] Step 713: The second communication device sends a delay detection data packet in the first direction according to the quality of service parameter of the first direction of the service. The delay detection data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp indicating the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction.

[0174] In step 714, the second communication device receives a delay detection data packet in the second direction, which is sent based on the quality of service parameters of the second direction of the service; the second communication device determines the total transmission delay of the service based on the reception time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction and the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction.

[0175] Step 701: The second communication device determines whether the service meets a first condition.

[0176] Step 702: The second communication device triggers a session modification process, which is used to modify the quality of service parameters of the service.

[0177] The first condition includes one or more of the following:

[0178] The transmission delay of the first direction of the service is greater than the transmission delay requirement of the first direction of the service; wherein, if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink;

[0179] The transmission delay of the service in the second direction is greater than the transmission delay requirement of the service in the second direction;

[0180] The total transmission delay of the service is greater than the total transmission delay requirement of the service. The total transmission delay is the sum of the uplink transmission delay and the downlink transmission delay. The total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement.

[0181] The second communication device can obtain the total transmission delay requirement of the service through the session establishment process or the session modification process. The total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement. The acquisition method of the uplink transmission delay and the downlink transmission delay can be referred to the above Figure 9 and Figure 10The relevant content mentioned in .

[0182] Through the solutions provided in steps 701 and 702 above, in this embodiment of the present application, when the transmission delay corresponding to the service does not meet the transmission delay requirement, the QoS parameters can be modified through the triggered session modification process. In other words, in this embodiment of the present application, by introducing a QoS feedback mechanism, the QoS parameters can be modified when the transmission delay does not meet the transmission delay requirement.

[0183] In the above step 702, there are multiple triggering events for the session modification process. In the embodiment of the present application, a triggering event for the session modification process is added. The triggering event for the session modification process can also be referred to in the above Figure 10 In an optional embodiment, the above Figure 10 Step 601 provides the following events for triggering the session modification process:

[0184] Event 1: UE triggers, such as the UE requests to add, modify, or delete a QoS Flow.

[0185] Event 2, PCF triggering, such as PCF initiating an update of policy rule information based on a modification of an internal or external state.

[0186] Event 3, UDM triggering, such as the update of session-related contract information.

[0187] Event 4, SMF trigger, such as SMF triggering the addition, modification or deletion of QoS Flow based on local policies, etc.

[0188] Event 5, (R)AN triggering, such as when (R)AN determines that the QoS characteristics of certain QoS Flows cannot be met or can be re-met, AN can also notify the network by initiating a session modification process.

[0189] Among them, in the above event 1, the session modification process may also be triggered by the terminal device after executing the above step 701. In the above event 4, the SMF triggers the session modification process, which may also be triggered after receiving the first signaling sent by the second communication device. Optionally, after the second communication device executes the above step 701, the second communication device may send a first signaling to the SMF (for example, when the second communication device is a server, the server may send the first signaling to the SMF through the NEF; for example, when the second communication device is a terminal device, the terminal device may send the first signaling to the SMF; for example, when the second communication device is a UPF, the UPF may send the first signaling to the SMF). The first signaling is used to enable the SMF to send a session modification request.

[0190] In step 702, the first signaling includes information indicating the adjusted value of a parameter to be adjusted in the quality of service parameter. The parameter to be adjusted includes one or more of the following: QFI, 5QI, packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate, and service packet loss rate. In other words, modifying the quality of service parameter may involve modifying one or more of the service's QFI, 5QI, packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate, and service packet loss rate. Priority may include QFI and / or 5QI.

[0191] Among them, the indication information for indicating the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the quality of service parameter can be the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet, such as the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet that is recommended. Of course, it can also be the transmission delay in the first direction and / or the transmission delay in the second direction. For another example, it can also be the adjustment amount of the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet, and / or the adjustment amount of the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet. For example, if the uplink transmission delay requirement is 5ms and the uplink transmission delay is 7ms, the first signaling may include indication information for indicating that the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet is adjusted to 3ms. The indication information for indicating that the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter corresponding to the uplink data packet is adjusted to 3ms can be 3ms, 7ms, or 4ms (7ms-3ms=4ms).

[0192] Among them, the indication information used to indicate the priority of the adjusted service can be the priority in the adjusted service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet, and / or the priority in the adjusted service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet, such as the priority in the adjusted service quality parameters corresponding to a recommended uplink data packet.

[0193] Before the above step 701, the second communication device also determines the transmission delay of the service. The transmission delay corresponding to the service can be the uplink transmission delay of the service, or the downlink transmission delay of the service, or the total transmission delay of the service. The transmission delay of the service determined by the second communication device can be specifically divided into the following cases b1, b2 and b3. Figure 11 Steps 713 and 714 in the above are merely examples of one of the schemes for the second communication device to determine the transmission delay of the service. The scheme for determining the transmission delay of the service provided by the above steps 713 and 714 is described in the following case b3. The following case b3 takes the second communication device as a terminal device as an example. Figure 11In actual application, the second communication device may also be other network elements, for example, the second communication device is a UPF or a server.

[0194] Case b1: if the first condition includes that the transmission delay in the first direction is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the first direction, the second communication device receives the delay detection data packet in the first direction, and the delay detection data packet in the first direction is sent according to the service quality parameters of the first direction of the service; the delay detection data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp for indicating the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction; the second communication device determines the transmission delay in the first direction of the service based on the reception time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction.

[0195] In the embodiment of the present application, the delay detection data packets can be called ping packets in English.

[0196] Case b2, if the second condition includes that the transmission delay in the second direction is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the second direction, then: before the second communication device determines that the transmission delay corresponding to the service meets the second condition, it also includes: the second communication device receives a delay detection data packet in the second direction, and the delay detection data packet in the second direction is sent according to the service quality parameter of the second direction of the service; the delay detection data packet in the second direction includes a timestamp for indicating the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction; the second communication device determines the transmission delay in the second direction of the service based on the reception time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction and the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction.

[0197] Case b3, in Figure 11 In the example, the second communication device is a terminal device, the first direction is uplink, and the second direction is downlink. If the first condition includes that the total transmission delay is greater than the total transmission delay requirement of the service, then the above steps 713 and 714 are performed before the above step 701.

[0198] In the embodiment of the present application, the first direction delay detection data packet is sent according to the service quality parameter of the first direction of the service, and the second direction delay detection data packet is sent according to the service quality parameter of the second direction of the service. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The relevant processes in the session establishment request and session modification request mentioned above obtain the service quality parameters of the first direction and / or the service quality parameters of the second direction. The service quality parameters can be stored in the policy rule information. The manner in which the second communication device obtains the service quality parameters of the first direction and / or the service quality parameters of the second direction can be referred to above. Figure 9 and Figure 10The method for obtaining the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement mentioned in is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0199] In an embodiment of the present application, the delay detection data packet in the first direction also includes an identifier of the service, and the identifier of the service may be the service that needs to be tested, such as the service mentioned in the above step 701. For example, when the first direction is uplink, the identifier of the service included in the delay detection data packet in the first direction may be a five-tuple of the uplink data packet of the service. When the first direction is downlink, the identifier of the service included in the delay detection data packet in the first direction may be a five-tuple of the downlink data packet of the service. In case b3, the uplink delay detection data packet and the downlink delay detection data packet corresponding to a service can be determined based on the correspondence between the identifier of the service included in the uplink delay detection data packet and the identifier of the service included in the downlink delay detection data packet. Thus, the transmission delay of the second direction of the service can be determined based on the sending time of the uplink delay detection data packet and the receiving time of the downlink delay detection data packet.

[0200] In case b1, case b2 and case b3, the two ends of the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the delay detection data packet in the second direction may be between the terminal device and the UPF, that is, the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the delay detection data packet in the second direction are transmitted between the terminal device and the UPF. In this case, the transmission delay in the first direction, the transmission delay in the second direction and the total transmission delay are all between the terminal device and the UPF. In another optional implementation, in case b1, case b2 and case b3, the two ends of the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the delay detection data packet in the second direction may be between the terminal device and the server, that is, the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the delay detection data packet in the second direction are transmitted between the terminal device and the application server. In this case, the transmission delay in the first direction, the transmission delay in the second direction and the total transmission delay are all between the terminal device and the server.

[0201] by Figure 3 The communication system shown is applied to Figure 4 or Figure 5 As an example, the 5G network architecture in the non-roaming scenario shown in the figure is Figure 12 As shown, a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 12 The solution can be Figure 3 The core network element 1201 in the embodiment is executed, and the core network element can be, for example, the above Figure 2 NEF or PCF in. Figure 12 As shown, the method includes:

[0202] Step 801: A core network element receives a total transmission delay requirement of a service sent by an application server.

[0203] In step 801, the request sent by the server may be a session QoS establishment request. In a specific implementation, the session QoS establishment request may be a Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Create request.

[0204] Optionally, the total transmission delay requirement corresponds to a service identifier, and the server may send the service identifier and the total transmission delay requirement corresponding to the service identifier to the core network element.

[0205] In step 802, the core network element determines the quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the quality of service parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the service according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service.

[0206] In step 802, the NEF may execute the process. If the NEF executes the process, step 803 may be executed after step 802.

[0207] In the above step 802, one of the quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the quality of service parameter corresponding to the downlink data packet includes one or more of the following: QFI, 5QI, data packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate and service packet loss rate.

[0208] Through the above step 802, the core network element can decompose the uplink and downlink QoS requirements according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service to obtain the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the service. On the one hand, because for some services, such as the above Figure 1 For interactive services mentioned above, servers are not concerned with uplink or downlink transmission latency, but rather with total transmission latency. Therefore, servers only need to report their total transmission latency requirements. Core network elements then decompose the uplink and downlink QoS requirements, effectively distributing work among network elements.

[0209] For example, let's say the total transmission delay requirement for a service is 20ms. Based on this total delay requirement, the core network element allocates QoS requirements between uplink and downlink transmissions. For example, the uplink transmission delay requirement can be set to 5ms, and the downlink transmission delay requirement can be set to 15ms. The uplink transmission delay is the QoS parameter for the QoS flow corresponding to the uplink data packet, while the downlink transmission delay is the QoS parameter for the QoS flow corresponding to the downlink data packet.

[0210] In the above step 802, there are multiple implementation methods. In one optional implementation method, the core network element can determine the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service based only on the total transmission delay requirement of the service. In another optional implementation method, the core network element determines the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service based on at least one of the network capability and the network status, as well as the total transmission delay requirement of the service. In this way, the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the determined service can be more reasonable, and the delay error between the actual delay of the data packets and the delay required by the service quality parameters can be reduced.

[0211] In one optional embodiment, the network capability includes: the network's uplink bandwidth capability and / or the network's downlink bandwidth capability. In another optional embodiment, the network status includes one or more of the following: the load of the access network's uplink; the load of the access network's downlink; the uplink transmission delay of an uplink delay detection packet; and the downlink transmission delay of a downlink delay detection packet.

[0212] Step 803: The core network element may send the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service to the session management element (e.g. Figure 2 The SMF network element in the service), and the session management network element executes the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the service.

[0213] For example, in step 803, when the core network element is PCF, the above Figure 9 Step 503 or the above Figure 10 In step 602, the quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the quality of service parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service are sent to the SMF.

[0214] In step 803, the session management network element executes the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the service, which may include the session management network element sending the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets to the user plane network element, and the user plane network element scheduling the uplink data packets according to the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets, and scheduling the downlink data packets according to the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets.

[0215] In the above Figure 12In the embodiment, if the above step 802 is not executed by NEF, for example, by PCF, NEF can send a policy authorization creation request to PCF, and PCF executes step 802 after receiving the request. After executing step 802, NEF returns a session QoS establishment response to the server. Figure 13 Another data transmission method is shown as an example. Figure 13 China-Israel Figure 12 Taking the core network element in the example of PCF as an example, the method includes:

[0216] Step 901: The server sends a session QoS establishment request to the NEF.

[0217] In a specific implementation, the session QoS establishment request may be .Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Createrequest, which may include the total transmission delay requirement of the service.

[0218] Step 902: NEF sends a policy authorization creation request to PCF.

[0219] In a specific implementation, the policy authorization creation request can be Npcf_Policy Authorization_Createrequest;

[0220] Step 903: The PCF determines the quality of service parameters corresponding to the uplink data packets and the quality of service parameters corresponding to the downlink data packets of the service according to the total transmission delay requirement of the service.

[0221] In a specific implementation, after step 903, the PCF may execute the solution of step 803 above, that is, the PCF may send the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service to the session management network element through the session establishment process or the session modification process. Figure 8 The relevant description will not be repeated here.

[0222] Step 904: The PCF sends a policy authorization creation response to the NEF.

[0223] In a specific implementation, the policy authorization creation response may be Npcf_Policy Authorization_Createresponse.

[0224] Step 905: NEF returns a session QoS establishment response.

[0225] In a specific implementation, the QoS establishment response may be .Nnef_AFsessionWithQoS_Createresponse.

[0226] Among them, the above Figure 7 The actions of the first communication device in steps 301 to 304 can be performed by Figure 6 The processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown calls the application code stored in the memory 1403 for execution, and this embodiment does not impose any limitation on this.

[0227] Among them, the above Figure 11 The actions of the second communication device in step 701 to step 702 can be performed by Figure 6 The processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown calls the application code stored in the memory 1403 for execution, and this embodiment does not impose any limitation on this.

[0228] Among them, the above Figure 12 The action of the core network element in step 802 can be performed by Figure 6 The processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown calls the application code stored in the memory 1403 for execution, and this embodiment does not impose any limitation on this.

[0229] It should be noted that the above Figures 7 to 10 The embodiments shown are all based on Figure 2 The communication system shown is applied to Figure 4 or Figure 5 The 5G network architecture in the non-roaming scenario shown in the figure is used as an example to illustrate the above Figures 12 to 13 The embodiments shown are all based on Figure 3 The communication system shown is applied to Figure 4 or Figure 5 The 5G network architecture in the non-roaming scenario shown in the figure is used as an example to illustrate. Figure 2 or Figure 3 The communication system shown is applied to the local roaming 5G network architecture as an example, or Figure 2 or Figure 3 The communication system shown is applied to the home routing roaming 5G network architecture as an example for explanation. The corresponding method of reporting session management information is similar to the method in the above embodiment. It is only necessary to adaptively replace the relevant network elements, which will not be repeated here.

[0230] It can be understood that in each of the above embodiments, the methods and / or steps implemented by the first communication device can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used for the first communication device; the methods and / or steps implemented by the second communication device can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used for the second communication device; the methods and / or steps implemented by the core network network element can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used for the core network network element.

[0231] The above primarily describes the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of interaction between various network elements. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present application also provide a communications device. This communications device may be the first communications device in the method embodiments described above, or a device including the first communications device, or a component usable for the first communications device; alternatively, this communications device may be the second communications device in the method embodiments described above, or a device including the second communications device, or a component usable for the second communications device; alternatively, this communications device may be a core network element in the method embodiments described above, or a device including the core network element, or a component usable for the core network element. It will be understood that, to implement the aforementioned functions, the communications device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the respective functions. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that, in conjunction with the various exemplary units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0232] According to the above content, Figure 14 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1500. The communication device 1500 includes a transceiver module 1501 and a processing module 1502. The transceiver module 1501, also called a transceiver unit, is used to implement transceiver functions, and can be, for example, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver, or a communication interface.

[0233] In this embodiment, the communication device 1500 is presented in the form of various functional modules divided in an integrated manner. Here, "module" can refer to a specific ASIC, circuit, processor and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuit, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions. In a simple embodiment, those skilled in the art can imagine that the communication device 1500 can be used Figure 6 The form of the communication device 1400 is shown.

[0234] for example, Figure 6 The processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown may call the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1403 to enable the communication device 1400 to execute the data transmission method in the above method embodiment.

[0235] Specifically, Figure 14 The functions / implementation processes of the transceiver module 1501 and the processing module 1502 can be realized by Figure 6The processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown calls the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1403 to implement. Or, Figure 14 The function / implementation process of the processing module 1502 can be achieved by Figure 6 The processor 1401 in the communication device 1400 shown calls the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1403 to implement, Figure 14 The function / implementation process of the transceiver module 1501 can be achieved by Figure 6 The communication interface 1404 in the communication device 1400 shown in FIG. 1 is implemented.

[0236] Since the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can execute the above-mentioned data transmission method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0237] For example, take the communication device 1500 as the above-mentioned first communication device. When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned first communication device, the transceiver module 1501 is used to receive a data packet in the first direction; receive a data packet in the second direction; the processing module 1502 is used to send the data packet in the second direction through the transceiver module 1501 according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; wherein the data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp for indicating the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; wherein the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink; the total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction.

[0238] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned first communication device, in one possible implementation, the data packet in the first direction includes a group identifier, and the data packet in the second direction includes a group identifier; the processing module 1502 is also used to: if it is determined that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction has an associated relationship with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, then it is determined that the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service.

[0239] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned first communication device, in one possible implementation, the processing module 1502 is specifically used to: determine the transmission delay in the first direction based on the reception time of the data packet in the first direction and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; determine the target transmission delay in the second direction based on the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission delay in the first direction; and send the data packet in the second direction based on the target transmission delay in the second direction.

[0240] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned first communication device, in one possible implementation, the processing module 1502 is specifically used to: determine the target transmission delay in the second direction based on the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the duration; wherein the duration refers to the duration between the time when the first communication device receives the data packet in the second direction and the time when the data packet in the first direction is sent; and send the data packet in the second direction according to the target transmission delay in the second direction.

[0241] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned first communication device, in one possible implementation, the processing module 1502 is also used to: if the transmission delay requirement of the second direction of the data packet in the second direction does not meet the target transmission delay of the second direction, then execute one or more of the following contents: lower the transmission delay in the service quality parameters of the data packet in the second direction; increase the sending priority of the data packet in the second direction; increase the service transmission bit rate in the second direction; and increase the service packet loss rate.

[0242] When the communication apparatus 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned first communication device, in one possible implementation, the processing module 1502 is further used to: obtain the total transmission delay requirement of the service through a session establishment process or a session modification process.

[0243] Since the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can execute the method executed by the above-mentioned first communication device, the relevant introduction and the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0244] For example, taking communication device 1500 as the aforementioned second communication device, when communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the aforementioned second communication device, processing module 1502 is configured to determine that a service satisfies a first condition and trigger a session modification process, which is configured to modify the quality of service parameters of the service. The first condition can be found in the relevant content of the aforementioned embodiment and will not be further described here.

[0245] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned second communication device, in one possible implementation, if the first condition is that the total transmission delay is greater than the total transmission delay requirement of the service, then: the processing module 1502 is further used to: send a delay detection data packet in the first direction through the transceiver module 1501 according to the service quality parameter of the first direction of the service, and the delay detection data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp for indicating the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction; determine the total transmission delay of the service according to the reception time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction and the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction; the transceiver module 1501 is further used to: receive a delay detection data packet in the second direction, and the delay detection data packet in the second direction is sent according to the service quality parameter of the second direction of the service; wherein, if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink.

[0246] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned second communication device, in one possible implementation, if the first condition is that the transmission delay in the first direction is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the first direction, then: the transceiver module 1501 is also used to: receive a delay detection data packet in the first direction, and the delay detection data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp for indicating the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction; the processing module 1502 is also used to: determine the transmission delay in the first direction of the service based on the reception time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction and the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the first direction.

[0247] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned second communication device, in one possible implementation, if the second condition is that the transmission delay in the second direction is greater than the transmission delay requirement in the second direction, then: the transceiver module 1501 is also used to: receive a delay detection data packet in the second direction, and the delay detection data packet in the second direction includes a timestamp for indicating the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction; the processing module 1502 is also used to: determine the transmission delay in the second direction of the service based on the reception time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction and the sending time of the delay detection data packet in the second direction.

[0248] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned second communication device, in one possible implementation, the transceiver module 1501 is specifically used to: send a first signaling to a session management function network element; the first signaling is used to enable the session management function network element to send a session modification request; wherein, the first signaling includes: indication information for indicating the adjusted value of the parameter to be adjusted in the service quality parameter; wherein, the parameter to be adjusted includes one or more of the following contents: service quality flow identifier, 5G service quality identifier, data packet transmission delay, service transmission bit rate and service packet loss rate.

[0249] Since the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can execute the method executed by the above-mentioned second communication device, the relevant introduction and the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0250] For example, taking the communication device 1500 as the core network element, when the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the core network element, the transceiver module 1501 is configured to receive the total transmission delay requirement of a service sent by the application service module; and the processing module 1502 is configured to determine, based on the total transmission delay requirement of the service, a quality of service parameter corresponding to an uplink data packet and a quality of service parameter corresponding to a downlink data packet of the service.

[0251] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned core network network element, in one possible implementation, the processing module 1502 is specifically used to: determine the uplink transmission delay requirement and the downlink transmission delay requirement of the service based on at least one of the network capability and the network status, and the total transmission delay requirement of the service.

[0252] When the communication device 1500 is used to execute the method executed by the above-mentioned core network network element, in one possible implementation method, the transceiver module 1501 is also used to: send the service quality parameters corresponding to the uplink data packet and the service quality parameters corresponding to the downlink data packet of the service to the session management network element through a session establishment process or a session modification process.

[0253] Since the communication device 1500 provided in this embodiment can execute the method executed by the above-mentioned core network network element, the relevant introduction and the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0254] It should be noted that one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of the two. When any of the above modules or units is implemented in software, the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in a memory, and a processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow. The processor can be built into an SoC (system on chip) or an ASIC, or it can be an independent semiconductor chip. In addition to the core used to execute software instructions to perform calculations or processing within the processor, it can further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), PLDs (programmable logic devices), or logic circuits that implement dedicated logic operations.

[0255] When the above modules or units are implemented in hardware, the hardware can be any one or any combination of a CPU, a microprocessor, a digital signal processing (DSP) chip, a microcontroller unit (MCU), an artificial intelligence processor, an ASIC, a SoC, an FPGA, a PLD, a dedicated digital circuit, a hardware accelerator or a non-integrated discrete device, which can run the necessary software or not rely on the software to execute the above method flow.

[0256] Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device (for example, the communication device may be a chip or a chip system), which includes a processor for implementing the method in any of the above method embodiments. In one possible design, the communication device also includes a memory. The memory is used to store necessary program instructions and data, and the processor can call the program code stored in the memory to instruct the communication device to execute the method in any of the above method embodiments. Of course, the memory may not be in the communication device. When the communication device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip, or it may include a chip and other discrete devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0257] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function according to the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more media integrated therein. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0258] Although the present application is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed application, those skilled in the art may understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by reviewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude multiple situations. A single processor or other unit may implement several functions listed in the claims. Certain measures are recorded in different dependent claims, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0259] Although the present application has been described with reference to specific features and embodiments thereof, it is apparent that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely illustrative of the present application as defined by the appended claims and are deemed to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that: include: The first communication device receives a data packet in a first direction; the data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp indicating a sending time of the data packet in the first direction; The first communication device receives a data packet in a second direction; wherein the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink; The first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; The total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The data packet in the first direction includes a group identifier, and the data packet in the second direction includes a group identifier; The method further comprises: If the first communication device determines that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction is associated with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, the first communication device determines that the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The group identifier included in the uplink data packet is carried in the Internet Protocol IP layer or the General Packet Radio Service Tunneling Protocol GTP layer of the uplink data packet; and / or, The group identifier included in the downlink data packet is carried in the IP layer of the downlink data packet.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction, including: The first communication device determines the transmission delay in the first direction according to a reception time of the data packet in the first direction and a transmission time of the data packet in the first direction; The first communication device determines a target transmission delay in a second direction according to a difference between a total transmission delay requirement and the transmission delay in the first direction; The first communication device sends a data packet in the second direction according to a target transmission delay in the second direction.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The first communication device sends the data packet in the second direction according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction, including: The first communication device determines a target transmission delay in the second direction based on the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the duration; wherein the duration refers to the time between the time when the first communication device receives the data packet in the second direction and the time when the data packet in the first direction is sent; The first communication device sends a data packet in the second direction according to a target transmission delay in the second direction.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein The method further comprises: If the second-direction transmission delay requirement of the data packet in the second direction does not meet the target transmission delay in the second direction, performing one or more of the following: reducing the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter of the data packet in the second direction; increasing the sending priority of the data packets in the second direction; increasing the service transmission bit rate of the second direction; Improve the service packet loss rate.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The method further comprises: The first communication device obtains the total transmission delay requirement of the service through a session establishment process or a session modification process.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The data packet in the second direction is a response to the data packet in the first direction.

9. A communication device, characterized in that: include: The transceiver module is configured to receive data packets in a first direction and receive data packets in a second direction; a processing module, configured to send the data packet in the second direction through the transceiver module according to the total transmission delay requirement and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; In which, the data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp for indicating the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; in which, the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink; the total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction.

10. The communication device according to claim 9, wherein The data packet in the first direction includes a group identifier, and the data packet in the second direction includes a group identifier; The processing module is further configured to: if it is determined that the group identifier of the data packet in the second direction is associated with the group identifier of the data packet in the first direction, determine that the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service.

11. The communication device according to any one of claims 9 to 10, wherein: The processing module is specifically used to: determine the transmission delay in the first direction based on the reception time of the data packet in the first direction and the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; determine the target transmission delay in the second direction based on the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the transmission delay in the first direction; and send the data packet in the second direction based on the target transmission delay in the second direction.

12. The communication device according to any one of claims 9 to 10, wherein: The processing module is specifically used to: determine the target transmission delay in the second direction based on the difference between the total transmission delay requirement and the duration; wherein the duration refers to the time between the time when the communication device receives the data packet in the second direction and the time when the data packet in the first direction is sent; and send the data packet in the second direction according to the target transmission delay in the second direction.

13. The communication device according to claim 11, wherein The processing module is further configured to: if the second-direction transmission delay requirement of the data packet in the second direction does not meet the target transmission delay in the second direction, execute one or more of the following: reducing the transmission delay in the quality of service parameter of the data packet in the second direction; increasing the sending priority of the data packets in the second direction; increasing the service transmission bit rate of the second direction; Improve the service packet loss rate.

14. The communication device according to any one of claims 9 to 10, wherein: The processing module is further configured to obtain the total transmission delay requirement of the service through a session establishment process or a session modification process.

15. The communication device according to any one of claims 9 to 10, characterized in that: The data packet in the second direction is a response to the data packet in the first direction.

16. A communication system, characterized in that: comprising a first communication device and an application server; The first communication device is configured to: receive a data packet in a first direction, receive a data packet in a second direction, and send a data packet in the second direction according to a total transmission delay requirement and a sending time of the data packet in the first direction; wherein the data packet in the first direction includes a timestamp indicating the sending time of the data packet in the first direction; the data packet in the first direction and the data packet in the second direction correspond to the same service; if the first direction is uplink, the second direction is downlink; or, if the first direction is downlink, the second direction is uplink; the total transmission delay requirement is the sum of the transmission delay requirement in the first direction and the transmission delay requirement in the second direction; When the first direction is uplink and the second direction is downlink: the application server is configured to receive a data packet in the first direction from the first communication device and send a data packet in the second direction to the first communication device; When the first direction is downlink and the second direction is uplink: the application server is configured to send data packets in the first direction to the first communication device and receive data packets in the second direction from the first communication device.

17. The communication system according to claim 16, wherein: The first communication device is the communication device according to any one of claims 9 to 15.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

19. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises instructions, and when the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

20. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

21. The communication device according to claim 20, wherein The system further includes a memory storing instructions, wherein the processor is specifically configured to read the instructions and execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 according to the instructions.

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