A device and method for measuring the clearance of elevated sections

Abstract

The present invention discloses an elevated section limit measurement device and a measurement method thereof, which relates to the technical field of engineering measurement, and includes a total station, a prism assembly used in conjunction with the total station, and an erection assembly for erecting the prism assembly, wherein the prism assembly includes at least one group of small prisms, and the erection assembly includes a backing plate, the foot ends of the small prisms are arranged on the backing plate, and the small prisms can be displaced along the length direction of the backing plate. First, after the side wall is formed, the side of the ruler away from the small prism is pressed against the inner side of the side wall, the small prism is moved to the designed height position, the total station is started, the total station searches for the position of the small prism, and measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the small prism, and the elevation deviation and net width deviation of the elevated section are evaluated by calculating the measured value and the designed value of the elevated section. The present application has the effect of improving the measurement accuracy and efficiency of the elevated section limit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engineering measurement, and in particular to an elevated section limit measurement device and a measurement method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The building limit refers to the extreme cross-sectional outline perpendicular to the center line of the traffic line, which is stipulated to ensure the normal operation and safety of various types of traffic. It is formulated based on the space required for vehicles, road ancillary equipment and other service systems. Within this outline, no facilities or obstacles are allowed to intrude, except for vehicles and equipment that interact with vehicles.

[0003] For example, during subway construction, it is necessary to measure the elevated section limits. There are two main representative values ​​for evaluating the elevated section limits. One is the design clear height, which refers to the distance from the top surface of the design bottom plate to the design track surface line. The other is the design clear width, which refers to the distance from the inner wall of the design side wall to the design center line.

[0004] When measuring the cross-sectional limits of subway elevated sections, the relevant technology is to use the total station's prism-free mode to directly measure each measuring point on the elevated section. The actual measured values ​​are extrapolated and compared with the cross-sectional limits to evaluate the deviation between the actual and designed values.

[0005] However, the measurement of total station without prism mode has the following disadvantages: for the relatively smooth elevated side wall surface, the conventional total station without prism measurement mode is not easy to measure and set the coordinates of the measuring points, and the error is large.

[0006] Therefore, designing a device to improve measurement accuracy and efficiency is of great significance for elevated section limits. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to improve the measurement accuracy and efficiency of elevated section limits, the present application provides an elevated section limit measurement device and a measurement method thereof.

[0008] An elevated section limit measuring device comprises a total station, a prism assembly used in conjunction with the total station, and a mounting assembly for mounting the prism assembly, wherein the prism assembly comprises at least one group of small prisms, and the mounting assembly comprises a support plate, the foot ends of the small prisms are arranged on the support plate, and the small prisms can be displaced along the length direction of the support plate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, first, after the side wall is formed, the side of the backing plate facing away from the small prism is pressed against the inner side of the side wall, the small prism is moved to the designed height position, the total station is started, the total station searches for the position of the small prism, and measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the small prism. The elevation of the small prism is the longitudinal coordinate value measured by the small prism. The prism height of the small prism is measured. The difference between the longitudinal coordinate value measured by the small prism and the prism height is the measured elevation of the bridge bottom plate. Generally, the designed elevation of the bridge bottom plate can evaluate the designed clear height in the relevant technology. The measured elevation of the bridge bottom plate is compared with the designed elevation, and the elevation deviation of the elevated section limit is evaluated accordingly.

[0010] The measured small prism plane coordinates are extended to the CAD design master plan, and the vertical distance is calculated from the measured point to the design line, that is, the vertical distance is calculated to the center line of the elevated section limit. The vertical distance can be measured in the CAD design master plan. The measured vertical distance is summed with the fixed distance from the small prism to the inner wall of the side wall, and then compared with the designed net width in the relevant technology, and the net width deviation of the elevated section limit is evaluated based on this.

[0011] Secondly, for the unfinished side wall, when it is necessary to stake out the edge line, the backing plate is set up at the stakeout edge line, and the above measurement and calculation steps are repeated. The measured values ​​are compared and calibrated with the design values ​​to improve the functionality and practicality of this solution;

[0012] Because the small prism can be displaced along the length of the support plate, it is possible to measure and calculate building limits of different requirements. At the same time, the small prism is used in conjunction with the total station to automatically search for the position of the small prism, extend the measuring distance, reduce the impact of the working environment, reduce multiple station settings, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of the measurement operation.

[0013] Optionally, a scale plate used in conjunction with a small prism is also provided in the length direction of the support plate.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the scale plate can facilitate the small prism to locate the initial position, and the subsequent displacement along the length direction of the plate can be intuitively adjusted and recorded.

[0015] Optionally, the prism assembly further comprises a forced connection rod and a magnet block, one end of the forced connection rod is fixed to the magnet block, and the foot end of the small prism is fixed to the support plate via the magnet block.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, the small prism can be fixed on the supporting plate by the forced connection rod and the magnet block, and on the other hand, the requirements for measuring and setting different elevations of the small prism can be achieved by moving the position of the magnet block on the supporting plate.

[0017] Optionally, the prism assembly further comprises a level to observe whether the device is horizontal, and the level is located on a scale plate.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when constructing the elevated side wall, it is necessary to detect the layout edge line of the elevated side wall. The level can be adjusted to make the measuring device level. The total station measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the point and performs subsequent calculations to judge the layout accuracy and calibrate the layout.

[0019] Optionally, a cone tip block is provided at the bottom of the support plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, it is necessary to lay out the edge line before the side wall construction, insert the cone tip block to the edge line, and then stabilize the support plate and small prism, so as to facilitate the total station to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the place and realize the subsequent extrapolation calibration.

[0021] Optionally, a cavity is formed in the backing plate, a lifting slot is opened in the cavity, a connecting piece is provided in the lifting slot, one end of the connecting piece is connected to the magnet block, and the other end of the connecting piece is provided with a driving component for driving the connecting piece to lift.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, under the action of the driving component, the magnet block rises and falls with the connecting piece without the need to directly move the magnet block manually, thereby improving actual efficiency and use accuracy.

[0023] Optionally, the connecting piece is an iron block, the magnet block is provided with a plug-in slot adapted to the shape of the connecting piece, and the connecting piece is magnetically connected to the inner wall of the plug-in slot.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, the connecting piece is fixed to the inner wall of the plug-in slot to achieve the connection between the connecting piece and the backing plate, and on the other hand, it is convenient to separate the magnet block from the backing plate, improve the flexibility of the magnet block, and adapt to practical use, such as recycling and storage.

[0025] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a screw located in the cavity, the screw is threaded and penetrates the connecting piece, a bevel gear set is provided on the peripheral wall of the screw to drive the screw to rotate, the bevel gear set is provided with a rotating rod, and the rotating rod rotates out of the cavity.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating rod rotates, and the bevel gear set is used to drive the screw to rotate. Since the connecting piece cooperates with the screw thread and the connecting piece is under the action of the side wall of the lifting groove, the connecting piece moves up and down with the screw rotation.

[0027] Optionally, the prism assembly has two groups and is spaced apart from each other, and an axially displaceable synchronous member is provided between the two screw rods, and the synchronous member includes a sleeve;

[0028] When the two screw rods rotate synchronously, the sleeves are respectively connected with the two screw rod keys.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the two groups of prism assemblies can conveniently measure the three-dimensional coordinates of different positions of the elevated side wall at the same time, meeting different measurement requirements and measurement efficiency. When it is necessary to synchronously lift the upper and lower groups of small prisms to the appropriate positions, the sleeve can be axially displaced and the two screw rods can be keyed to each other, and one of the screw rods can be driven to realize the driving screw to drive the two groups of small prisms to be lifted and lowered synchronously.

[0030] A measuring method of an elevated section limit measuring device comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1, set up the total station, prism assembly and erection assembly;

[0032] S2, the support board is attached to the side wall, and the total station is aimed at the small prism for measurement;

[0033] S3, the small prism is displaced along the length direction of the scale plate, that is, the height direction of the side wall, and the total station is realigned with the small prism for measurement.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the small prism is used in conjunction with the total station to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the measurement operation and reduce multiple station settings. The total station automatically searches and determines the three-dimensional coordinates of the small prism, and evaluates the elevated section limit by calculating the deviation between the measured value and the design value.

[0035] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0036] 1. After the side wall is formed, place the side of the backing plate away from the small prism against the inner side of the side wall, move the small prism to the designed height, use the total station to search for the small prism position, and measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the small prism. By calculating the measured value and the designed value of the elevated section, the elevation deviation and net width deviation of the elevated section can be evaluated.

[0037] 2. The bevel gear set is used to drive the screw to rotate. Because the connecting piece is matched with the screw thread and the connecting piece is under the action of the side wall of the lifting groove, the connecting piece rotates with the screw to perform lifting and lowering movements;

[0038] 3. When it is necessary to synchronously lift the upper and lower groups of small prisms to the appropriate position, the sleeve can be axially displaced and the two screw rods can be keyed to connect them respectively, and one of the screw rods can be driven to drive the two groups of small prisms to lift synchronously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of Example 2 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 3 of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram showing the relationship between two screw rods and a sleeve in Example 3 of the present application.

[0046] Description of reference numerals: 10, prism assembly; 101, small prism; 102, scale plate; 103, level; 104, forced connecting rod; 105, magnet block; 20, mounting assembly; 201, support plate; 2011, cavity; 2012, lifting groove; 202, cone tip block; 203, connector; 204, synchronization groove; 30, driving assembly; 301, screw rod; 3011, spline Groove; 302, bevel gear set; 3021, gear box; 3022, bevel gear one; 3023, bevel gear two; 3024, bearing; 3025, rotating shaft; 3026, handwheel; 303, synchronizer; 3031, sleeve; 3032, displacement tube; 3033, rotating rod; 3034, pin rod; 3035, fixing screw; 3036, fixing nut; 3037, spline strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following is combined with Figure 1-7 This application is described in further detail.

[0048] Embodiment 1:

[0049] The present application embodiment discloses an elevated section limit measurement device, referring to Figure 1 It includes a total station, a prism assembly 10 and a mounting assembly 20. The total station is used in conjunction with the prism assembly 10, and the prism assembly 10 is installed through the mounting assembly 20.

[0050] The erection assembly 20 includes a support plate 201 and a cone tip block 202, wherein the cone tip block 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the support plate 201. The support plate 201 is a light aluminum alloy plate, and the support plate 201 is in a vertical state when in use, and is inserted on the floor through the cone tip block 202.

[0051] The prism assembly 10 includes two groups of small prisms 101 spaced apart from each other. The small prisms 101 are Leica Mini small prisms 101, and the mirror end of the small prisms 101 is aligned with the transmitting end of the total station. A forced connection rod 104 is fixedly connected to the foot end of each small prism 101. The end of the forced connection rod 104 away from the small prism 101 is vertically fixedly connected to a magnet block 105. The end of the magnet block 105 facing away from the forced connection rod 104 is fixedly attached to one side of the support plate 201, and the other side of the support plate 201 is attached to the inner side of the side wall. A scale plate 102 is also fixedly connected to the same side of the support plate 201 and the magnet block 105. The scale plate 102 can be a light iron sheet with scales. The scale plate 102 is magnetically connected to the upper and lower groups of magnet blocks 105 respectively, so as to intuitively read and measure the height change of the small prism 101. At the same time, a level 103 is provided on the same side of the support plate 201 and the magnet block 105, and the level 103 is used to observe whether the support plate 201 and the small prism 101 are level.

[0052] The present application also discloses a method for measuring an elevated section limit measurement device, which comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1, set up the total station;

[0054] S2, placing the side of the support plate 201 facing away from the scale plate 102 against the inner side of the side wall;

[0055] S3, fix the magnet blocks 105 at intervals up and down on the side of the back plate 201 away from the side wall, so that each magnet block 105 is magnetically connected to the scale plate 102, and adjust the height of the magnet block 105 to a suitable position;

[0056] S4, start the total station to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the two groups of small prisms 101;

[0057] S5, recording the data obtained in step S4, respectively measuring the height values ​​from the two groups of small prisms 101 to the top surface of the viaduct bottom plate, the elevation of the small prism 101, that is, the longitudinal coordinate value measured by the small prism 101, respectively calculating the difference between the elevation of the two groups of small prisms 101 and their respective height values, taking the average of the two calculated results, representing the measured elevation of the bridge bottom plate, generally the design elevation of the bridge bottom plate can be used to evaluate the design clear height in the relevant technology, comparing the measured elevation of the bridge bottom plate with the design elevation, and using this to evaluate the elevation deviation of the viaduct section limit;

[0058] S6, continue to calculate, extend the plane coordinates of the small prism 101 measured to the CAD design master plan, and make a vertical distance from the measured point to the design line, that is, to the center line of the elevated section limit. The vertical distance can be measured in the CAD design master plan. The measured vertical distance is summed with the fixed distance from the small prism 101 to the inner wall of the side wall, and then compared with the designed net width in the relevant technology, and the net width deviation of the elevated section limit is evaluated based on this.

[0059] S7, combined with the elevation deviation of the elevated section limit and the clear width deviation of the elevated section limit in S6, comprehensively evaluate the deviation between the actual and the design.

[0060] In step S2, before the construction of the elevated side wall, after the sideline is laid out, steps S2-S6 can be repeated to calibrate the sideline and improve the accuracy of the side wall construction by measuring and calculating the measured value of the elevated section limit. At the same time, the magnet block 105 moves up and down regularly to measure and calculate the elevated section limits of different height requirements.

[0061] Generally, the embodiments provided in this application circumvent the measurement limitations in the related art, and set a station to measure 600m before and after, reducing repeated station settings, and using the Leica Mini prism 101 to improve work efficiency and accuracy compared to prism-free measurement.

[0062] Embodiment 2:

[0063] The difference between the measuring device of this embodiment and that of embodiment 1 is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , and also includes a driving component 30 for driving the two groups of small prisms 101 up and down. Under the action of the driving component 30, the height positions of the two groups of small prisms 101 can be easily adjusted, which is convenient for the total station to measure the coordinate values.

[0064] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 A cavity 2011 is formed inside the backing plate 201. A lifting slot 2012 is provided from top to bottom on the side of the cavity 2011 that is away from the elevated outer wall and on the same side as the small prism 101. The lifting slot 2012 is connected to the cavity 2011. Each magnet block 105 is provided with a slot aligned with the lifting slot 2012. The slot is in a rhombus shape. A connecting piece 203 with a rhombus shape at one end is inserted into the slot. The connecting piece 203 is an iron block. The other end of the connecting piece 203 is in a rectangular shape and slides through the lifting slot 2012 and is located in the cavity 2011. Because the magnet block 105 and the connecting piece 203 are connected by insertion and magnetic attraction, the slot and the connecting piece 203 are in a suitable rhombus shape, which can increase the contact area between the two, improve the suction and fixation ability, and facilitate disassembly and assembly. Under the guidance of the lifting slot 2012, the small prism 101 is regularly lifted and lowered.

[0065] The driving assembly 30 includes a screw rod 301 located in the cavity 2011 and a bevel gear set 302 driving the screw rod 301 to rotate. The screw rod 301 is threadedly engaged and rotatably penetrates the end of the connecting member 203 located in the cavity 2011 .

[0066] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4The bevel gear set 302 includes a gear box 3021, a bevel gear 1 3022 and a bevel gear 2 3023. The bevel gear box 3021 is fixedly installed in the cavity 2011. There are two groups of bevel gear 1 3022 and one group of bevel gear 2 3023. The two groups of bevel gear 1 3022 and one group of bevel gear 2 3023 are both located in the bevel gear box 3021, and the bevel gear 2 3023 is located at the top of the bevel gear 1 3022. The two groups of bevel gear 1 3022 are horizontally coaxially spaced and meshed with the bevel gear 1 3022 respectively. The two groups of bevel gear 1 3022 are fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 3025 respectively. Each rotating shaft 3025 is sleeved with a bearing 3024, and each rotating shaft 3025 is rotatably connected to the gear box 3021 through the bearing 3024. At least one set of rotating shafts 3025 passes through the cavity 2011 and is fixedly connected with a hand wheel 3026. By rotating the hand wheel 3026, the bevel gear set 302 is driven to rotate, and then the screw rod 301 is driven to rotate. Due to the action of the lifting slot 2012, the small prism 101 is lifted and lowered along with the connecting member 203.

[0067] Reference Figure 5 There are two sets of screw rods 301 which are coaxially spaced up and down. Each screw rod 301 is equipped with a set of bevel gear sets 302, a set of rotating shafts 3025 and a set of hand wheels 3026, so as to independently realize the lifting and lowering of the screw rod 301.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 The driving assembly 30 also includes a synchronous member 303, which includes a sleeve 3031. The sleeve 3031 is keyed to two screw rods 301 spaced apart from each other. The synchronous member 303 also includes a rotating rod 3033 and a fixed screw 3035. The rotating rod 3033 is provided with a pin 3034 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cavity 2011 through the pin 3034. One end of the rotating rod 3033 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve 3031. The side wall of the cavity 2011 is provided with a synchronous groove 204. The other end of the rotating rod 3033 rotates and passes through the synchronous groove 204. The top of the synchronous groove 204 is fixedly connected with a fixed screw 3035. The fixed screw 3035 movably passes through the rotating rod 3033, and two fixed nuts 3036 arranged at intervals are threadedly connected to the fixed screw 3035. The two fixed nuts 3036 are respectively pressed against the rotating rod 3033 on opposite sides.

[0069] Combination Figure 7The top of the inner wall of the sleeve 3031 is smooth and always abuts against the peripheral wall of the higher screw rod 301, so as to guide the higher screw rod 301 in rotation. A plurality of spline bars 3037 are axially fixedly connected to the lower part of the smooth inner wall of the sleeve 3031. The spline bars 3037 are extended from top to bottom. The screw rod 301 at the lower position is provided with a spline groove 3011 from the top to the bottom. The spline groove 3011 corresponds to the spline bars 3037. The spline bars 3037 are always matched and connected with the spline groove 3011 provided on the lower screw rod 301. When the rotating rod 3033 rotates to make the displacement tube 3032 axially displace upward, the sleeve 3031 is pushed to move axially upward, so that the spline bars 3037 enter the spline groove 3011 provided on the higher screw rod 301, so that the sleeve 3031 is key-connected with the two screw rods 301 spaced apart from each other.

[0070] The measurement method of this embodiment differs from that of embodiment 1 in that:

[0071] In step S3, the driving assembly 30 is used to adjust the magnet block 105 to a suitable height position. The specific steps are as follows:

[0072] S3-1, insert the magnet block 105 on the connecting member 203, so that the magnet block 105 is magnetically connected to the supporting plate 201 and the scale plate 102;

[0073] S3-2, rotating the hand wheels 3026 respectively until the two small prisms 101 are moved to appropriate positions;

[0074] S3-3, when it is necessary to synchronously adjust the height positions of the two small prisms 101, for example, to measure the actual measured values ​​of the elevated section limits required for different requirements, loosen the fixing nut 3036, so that the rotating rod 3033 rotates to the appropriate position and retighten the fixing nut 3036. At this time, the displacement tube 3032 is axially displaced upward to lift the sleeve 3031 until the spline bar 3037 slides into the spline groove 3011. After that, by arbitrarily rotating one of the hand wheels 3026, the two screw rods 301 can be synchronously lifted and lowered, thereby achieving the synchronous lifting and lowering of the small prisms 101.

[0075] This embodiment not only allows the two small prisms 101 to be raised and lowered independently, but also allows the two small prisms 101 to be raised and lowered synchronously, which is suitable for surveying and designing tasks under different circumstances.

[0076] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An elevated section limit measurement device, Features: The invention comprises a total station, a prism assembly (10) used in conjunction with the total station, and a mounting assembly (20) for mounting the prism assembly (10), wherein the prism assembly (10) comprises at least one group of small prisms (101), and the mounting assembly (20) comprises a support plate (201), the foot ends of the small prisms (101) are arranged on the support plate (201), and the small prisms (101) can be displaced along the length direction of the support plate (201); The prism assembly (10) further comprises a forced connection rod (104) and a magnet block (105); one end of the forced connection rod (104) is fixed to the magnet block (105); the foot end of the small prism (101) is fixedly attached to the support plate (201) via the magnet block (105); a cavity (2011) is formed in the support plate (201); a lifting groove (2012) is provided in the cavity (2011); a connecting member (203) is provided in the lifting groove (2012); one end of the connecting member (203) is connected to the magnet block (105); the other end of the connecting member (203) is provided with a driving group for driving the connecting member (203) to be lifted or lowered. The drive assembly (30) comprises a screw rod (301) located in the cavity (2011), the screw rod (301) is threadedly matched and penetrates the connecting member (203), a bevel gear set (302) for driving the screw rod (301) to rotate is provided on the peripheral wall of the screw rod (301), the bevel gear set (302) is provided with a rotating rod (3033), and the rotating rod (3033) rotates and passes out of the cavity (2011); the prism assembly (10) has two groups and is arranged at intervals in the upper and lower parts, and an axially displaceable synchronous member (303) is provided between the two screw rods (301), and the synchronous member (303) comprises a sleeve (3031); When the two screw rods (301) rotate synchronously, the sleeve (3031) is key-connected to the two screw rods (301) respectively.

2. An elevated section clearance measuring device according to claim 1, Features: The support plate (201) is also provided with a scale plate (102) in the length direction thereof for use in conjunction with the small prism (101).

3. An elevated section clearance measuring device according to claim 1, Features: A cone tip block (202) is provided at the bottom of the support plate (201).

4. An elevated section clearance measuring device according to claim 2, Features: The prism assembly (10) further comprises a level (103) for observing whether the device is horizontal, and the level (103) is located on the scale plate (102).

5. The elevated section clearance measuring device according to claim 1, Features: The connecting piece (203) is an iron block, the magnet block (105) is provided with a plug-in slot that is adapted to the shape of the connecting piece (203), and the connecting piece (203) is magnetically connected to the inner wall of the plug-in slot.

6. A measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, Features: The steps include: S1, setting up a total station, a prism assembly (10) and a setting assembly (20); S2, the support plate (201) is placed against the side wall, and the total station is aimed at the small prism (101) for measurement; S3, the small prism (101) is displaced along the length direction of the scale plate (102), that is, the height direction of the side wall, and the total station is realigned with the small prism (101) for measurement.

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