A method for arranging a single-well two-way access ramp of a shield method double-deck tunnel

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for arranging bidirectional entrance and exit ramps in a single shaft of a shield-tunnel double-layer tunnel, comprising the following steps: constructing the tunnel mainline, entrance and exit ramps, and shield working shaft. The tunnel mainline adopts a double-layer arrangement, including an upper tunnel mainline and a lower tunnel mainline; the entrance and exit ramps also adopt a double-layer arrangement, including an upper entrance ramp, an upper exit ramp, a lower entrance ramp, and a lower exit ramp. The upper entrance ramp and the upper exit ramp connect to the upper tunnel mainline, and the lower entrance ramp and the lower exit ramp connect to the lower tunnel mainline; the tunnel mainline is located within the shield working shaft. By setting up two sets of entrance and exit ramps within a single shield working shaft, excavation is significantly reduced compared to traditional designs. The double-layer arrangement of the tunnel mainline enables traffic flow organization in two different directions. Four sets of entrance and exit ramps are arranged within the same shield working shaft, meeting the traffic organization and conversion needs of underground and surface passages in different directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for arranging bidirectional entrance and exit ramps in a single shaft of a shield-tunnel double-layer tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] With urban development, land resources becoming increasingly scarce, and people placing greater emphasis on quality of life, urban tunnel construction is on the rise. Considering connections with existing road networks and serving key areas, urban tunnels are evolving from traditional through-traffic tunnels to multi-entry / exit tunnels. This is primarily manifested in the inclusion of merging and diverging ramps within the tunnel, connecting to the urban road network. In the future, the construction of urban arterial roads will increasingly utilize underground road systems, leading to a growing number of multi-entry / exit system tunnels. These tunnels are typically built in intensively developed central urban areas. To minimize the use of underground space and reduce construction costs, two lanes can often be arranged on the same level and cross-section, respectively accommodating traffic in both directions, forming a double-layered tunnel.

[0003] From the perspective of space utilization, double-layer layout is superior to single-layer layout to some extent, especially in the case of limited urban space. The double-layer layout is more compact and occupies less underground resources. Currently, the entrance and exit ramps are generally set up in the form of shield tunneling shafts. The general design is to use one shaft to set up a group of ramps. Due to the constraints of land and space resources, the entrance and exit ramps should minimize excavation and reduce the impact on the existing urban conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology, such as the space occupied by entrance and exit ramps and the high construction cost, and to provide a method for arranging bidirectional entrance and exit ramps in a single well of a shield tunnel double-layer tunnel.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for arranging bidirectional entrance and exit ramps in a single shaft of a shield-tunnel double-layer tunnel includes the following steps:

[0007] The main tunnel line is arranged in a double-layer configuration, comprising an upper tunnel line and a lower tunnel line.

[0008] The entrance and exit ramps are arranged in a double-layer configuration, comprising an upper-level entrance ramp, an upper-level exit ramp, a lower-level entrance ramp, and a lower-level exit ramp. The upper-level entrance ramp and the upper-level exit ramp are connected to the upper-level tunnel mainline, and the lower-level entrance ramp and the lower-level exit ramp are connected to the lower-level tunnel mainline.

[0009] A shield tunneling shaft is arranged, wherein the main tunnel line is located within the shield tunneling shaft.

[0010] In this technical solution, two sets of entrance and exit ramps are set up through a single shield tunneling shaft, significantly reducing excavation compared to traditional designs. The main tunnel adopts a double-layer layout to organize traffic flow in two different directions. The entrance and exit ramps also adopt a double-layer cross-section, allowing four sets of entrance and exit ramps to be arranged within the same shield tunneling shaft, meeting the traffic organization and conversion needs of underground and surface passages in different directions. This compact layout method greatly reduces the impact of tunnel construction on the urban surface and also saves construction costs.

[0011] Preferably, the upper streamline of the merging and diverging inlet / outlet layout of the double-layer tunnel includes:

[0012] Upper mainline A section and upper mainline B section, wherein upper mainline A section includes a first lane, a second lane and a third lane, and upper mainline B section includes a first lane, a second lane and a third lane, wherein the first lane of upper mainline A section corresponds to the second lane of upper mainline B section, and the second lane of upper mainline A section corresponds to the third lane of upper mainline B section;

[0013] The upper-level entrance ramp, through the shield tunnel working shaft, merges into the first lane of the upper-level main line B section in a lane-gradient manner.

[0014] The third lane of the upper mainline section A corresponds to the upper exit ramp.

[0015] Preferably, the lower streamline of the merging and diverging inlet / outlet layout of the double-layer tunnel includes:

[0016] The lower mainline A section and the lower mainline B section are defined as follows: the lower mainline A section includes a first lane, a second lane and a third lane; the lower mainline B section includes a first lane, a second lane and a third lane; the first lane of the lower mainline B section corresponds to the second lane of the lower mainline A section, and the second lane of the lower mainline B section corresponds to the third lane of the lower mainline A section.

[0017] The lower-level entrance ramp passes through the shield tunnel working shaft and merges into the first lane of the lower-level mainline A section in a lane-gradient manner.

[0018] The third lane of the lower mainline section B corresponds to the lower exit ramp.

[0019] Preferably, the section where the entrance / exit ramp merges with the main tunnel is equipped with flexible traffic bollards.

[0020] In this technical solution, isolation facilities are used to improve safety performance.

[0021] Preferably, the traffic bollard is an adsorption-type elastic traffic bollard, which includes:

[0022] Traffic pillar main body;

[0023] A steel plate, wherein the steel plate is disposed at the bottom of the main body of the traffic column;

[0024] The mounting base adopts an adsorption structure and is located at the bottom of the steel plate.

[0025] In this technical solution, the traffic elastic bollard has the advantages of being easy to move, lightweight, simple, and durable.

[0026] Preferably, the outer side of the traffic pillar body is covered with multiple rings of reflective film from the top to the middle.

[0027] In this technical solution, reflective film can improve traffic safety.

[0028] Preferably, the surface of the steel plate is coated with a zinc layer.

[0029] In this technical solution, the zinc coating on the steel plate can improve the rust prevention effect.

[0030] Preferably, the isolation length of the traffic elastic pillar is one time the length of the main line and the stopping sight distance.

[0031] Preferably, the shield tunnel working shaft is provided with a transition section, which includes an upper entrance ramp transition section and an upper exit ramp transition section. The upper entrance ramp transition section is located between the upper tunnel main line and the upper entrance ramp, and the upper exit ramp transition section is located between the upper tunnel main line and the upper exit ramp.

[0032] Preferably, the shield tunnel working shaft is provided with a transition section, which includes a lower entrance ramp transition section and a lower exit ramp transition section. The lower entrance ramp transition section is located between the lower tunnel main line and the lower entrance ramp, and the upper exit ramp transition section is located between the upper tunnel main line and the upper exit ramp.

[0033] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0034] By using a single shield tunneling shaft with two sets of entrance and exit ramps, excavation is significantly reduced compared to traditional designs. The main tunnel adopts a double-layer layout to organize traffic flow in two different directions. The entrance and exit ramps also adopt a double-layer cross-section, allowing four sets of ramps to be arranged within the same shield tunneling shaft, meeting the traffic organization and conversion needs of underground and surface passages in different directions. This compact layout method greatly reduces the impact of tunnel construction on the urban surface and also saves construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the upper flow line of an embodiment of the flow separation and merging entrance and exit layout of the double-layer tunnel of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lower flow line of an embodiment of the flow separation and merging entrance and exit layout of the double-layer tunnel of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shield tunnel working shaft, representing an embodiment of the flow separation and merging entrance / exit layout of the double-layer tunnel according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of traffic elastic columns, representing an embodiment of the flow separation and merging entrance / exit layout of the double-layer tunnel of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0040] Upper entrance ramp 1

[0041] Upper exit ramp 2

[0042] Upper Main Line A Section 3

[0043] Upper Main Line B Section 4

[0044] Upper entrance ramp transition section 5

[0045] Upper exit ramp transition section 6

[0046] Upper exit ramp diversion section 7

[0047] Upper entrance ramp merging section 8

[0048] Upper confluence isolation section 9

[0049] Lower entrance ramp 10

[0050] Lower exit ramp 11

[0051] Lower Main Line A Section 12

[0052] Lower Main Line B Section 13

[0053] Lower entrance ramp transition section 14

[0054] Lower exit ramp transition section 15

[0055] Traffic flexible bollard 16, bollard body 161, steel plate 162, mounting base 163

[0056] Lower merging isolation section 17

[0057] Lower entrance ramp merging section 18

[0058] Lower exit ramp diversion section 19 Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present invention will be further illustrated by way of embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this invention discloses a method for arranging bidirectional entrance and exit ramps in a single shaft of a shield tunnel, comprising the following steps: arranging the main tunnel line, wherein the main tunnel line adopts a double-layer arrangement, including an upper tunnel main line and a lower tunnel main line; arranging the entrance and exit ramps, wherein the entrance and exit ramps adopt a double-layer arrangement, the entrance and exit ramps including an upper entrance ramp 1, an upper exit ramp 2, a lower entrance ramp 10, and a lower exit ramp 11, the upper entrance ramp 1 and the upper exit ramp 2 connecting to the upper tunnel main line, and the lower entrance ramp 10 and the lower exit ramp 11 connecting to the lower tunnel main line; arranging the shield tunneling shaft, wherein the main tunnel line is located within the shield tunneling shaft.

[0061] In other words, a shield-tunnel double-layer tunnel with single-shaft bidirectional entrance and exit ramps includes the main tunnel line, entrance and exit ramps, and the shield tunneling shaft. The main tunnel line is arranged in a double-layer configuration, consisting of an upper tunnel line and a lower tunnel line. The tunnel line within the shield tunneling shaft is also arranged in a double-layer configuration to organize traffic flow in two different directions. The entrance and exit ramps are also arranged in a double-layer configuration, including an upper entrance ramp 1, an upper exit ramp 2, a lower entrance ramp 10, and a lower exit ramp 11. Upper entrance ramp 1 and upper exit ramp 2 connect to the upper tunnel line, while lower entrance ramp 10 and lower exit ramp 11 connect to the lower tunnel line, respectively providing both entrance and exit access. The entrance and exit ramps are located within the shield tunneling shaft. By using one shield tunneling shaft to provide two sets of entrance and exit ramps, excavation is significantly reduced compared to traditional designs. The double-layer arrangement of the main tunnel line enables traffic flow organization in two different directions. The entrance and exit ramps also adopt a double-layer cross-section, allowing four sets of ramps to be arranged within the same shield tunnel shaft, meeting the traffic organization and conversion needs of different directions between underground and surface passages. This compact layout method greatly reduces the impact of tunnel construction on the urban surface and also saves construction costs.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the upper flow path of the merging and diverging entrance / exit layout of the double-layer tunnel includes upper mainline A section 3 and upper mainline B section 4. Upper mainline A section 3 includes a first lane, a second lane, and a third lane, and upper mainline B section 4 also includes a first lane, a second lane, and a third lane. The first lane of upper mainline A section 3 corresponds to the second lane of upper mainline B section 4, and the second lane of upper mainline A section 3 corresponds to the third lane of upper mainline B section 4. The upper ramps pass through the shield tunneling shaft, adopting a lane transition form and a lane matching principle, merging into the first lane of upper mainline B section 4. The third lane of upper mainline A section 3 corresponds to the upper exit ramp 2.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the lower-level flow lines of the merging and diverging entrance / exit layout of the double-layer tunnel include lower-level mainline A section 12 and lower-level mainline B section 13. Lower-level mainline A section 12 includes a first lane, a second lane, and a third lane, and lower-level mainline B section 13 also includes a first lane, a second lane, and a third lane. The first lane of lower-level mainline B section corresponds to the second lane of lower-level mainline A section 12, and the second lane of lower-level mainline B section 13 corresponds to the third lane of lower-level mainline A section 12. The lower-level entrance ramp 10 passes through the shield tunneling shaft, adopts a lane transition form, and follows the lane matching principle to merge into the first lane of lower-level mainline A section 12. The third lane of lower-level mainline B section 13 corresponds to the lower-level exit ramp 11.

[0064] The lane balance requirement in lane matching principles means that at the mainline exit or entrance connection, the number of lanes in each direction should remain continuous or change with minimal variation, maintaining a balanced relationship between the number of lanes before and after merging / dividing. The number of lanes reduced from the basic mainline lane count each time should not exceed one lane. The number of mainline lanes after merging should be equal to the sum of the mainline and ramp lanes before merging minus one lane, or equal to the sum of the lanes before merging. The number of mainline lanes before diverging should be equal to the sum of the mainline and ramp lanes after diverging minus one lane. At the road's merging / dividing junctions, the lanes before and after diverging / merging should meet the lane balance requirement. When lanes are unbalanced, auxiliary lanes should be set up at the junction according to the lane balance principle.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the shield tunneling shaft is equipped with transition sections, including upper entrance ramp transition section 5, upper exit ramp transition section 6, lower entrance ramp transition section 14, and lower exit ramp transition section 15. Upper entrance ramp transition section 5 is located between the upper tunnel main line and upper entrance ramp 1, and upper exit ramp transition section 6 is located between the upper tunnel main line and upper exit ramp 2. The shield tunneling shaft is also equipped with transition sections, including lower entrance ramp transition section 14 and lower exit ramp transition section 15. Lower entrance ramp transition section 14 is located between the lower tunnel main line and lower entrance ramp 10, and upper exit ramp transition section 6 is located between the upper tunnel main line and upper exit ramp 2.

[0066] In this invention, the length of the working shaft is mainly determined by the length of the lane transition section. The length of the lane transition section is determined comprehensively based on the design speed of the tunnel mainline and ramp sections, and is generally set to 50 meters. The width is determined comprehensively based on the lane width of the mainline and ramps. The lane width is determined according to relevant specifications.

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a diversion section is provided inside the shield tunnel working shaft. The diversion section includes an upper exit ramp diversion section 7 and a lower exit ramp diversion section 19. The upper exit ramp diversion section 7 is located on the side of the upper exit ramp transition section 6. The lower exit ramp diversion section 19 is located on the side of the lower exit ramp transition section 15.

[0068] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a merging section is provided inside the shield tunnel working shaft. The merging section includes an upper entrance ramp merging section 8 and a lower entrance ramp merging section 18. The upper entrance ramp merging section 8 is located on the side of the upper entrance ramp transition section 5, and the lower entrance ramp merging section 18 is located on the side of the lower entrance ramp transition section 14.

[0069] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tunnel boring machine shaft is equipped with a merging isolation section, which includes an upper merging isolation section 9 and a lower merging isolation section 17. The upper merging isolation section 9 is located in the area where the upper entrance ramp merging section 8 merges into the upper main line B section 4. The lower merging isolation section 17 is located in the area where the lower exit ramp transition section 15 merges into the upper and lower main line A section 12.

[0070] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, flexible traffic bollards 16 are installed at the merging section of the entrance / exit ramps and the tunnel main line. The use of flexible traffic bollards 16 improves safety performance. The flexible traffic bollard 16 is an adsorption-type flexible traffic bollard, comprising a bollard body 161, a steel plate 162, and a mounting base 163. The steel plate 162 is located at the bottom of the bollard body 161, and the mounting base 163 adopts an adsorption structure, located at the bottom of the steel plate 162. This type of flexible traffic bollard 16 has the advantages of being easy to move, lightweight, simple, and durable. Multiple rings of reflective film are affixed to the outer side of this flexible traffic bollard 16 from the top to the middle. The reflective film improves traffic safety. The surface of the steel plate 162 of this flexible traffic bollard 16 is coated with a zinc layer, which improves rust prevention. The isolation length of the flexible traffic bollard 16 is one stop sight distance length of the main line.

[0071] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for arranging bidirectional entrance and exit ramps in a single shaft of a shield-tunnel double-layer tunnel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Construct a tunnel mainline, wherein the tunnel mainline adopts a double-layer arrangement, including an upper tunnel mainline and a lower tunnel mainline; Construct entrance and exit ramps, wherein the entrance and exit ramps adopt a double-layer arrangement, the entrance and exit ramps include an upper-layer entrance ramp, an upper-layer exit ramp, a lower-layer entrance ramp, and a lower-layer exit ramp, the upper-layer entrance ramp and the upper-layer exit ramp are connected to the upper-layer tunnel main line, and the lower-layer entrance ramp and the lower-layer exit ramp are connected to the lower-layer tunnel main line; Construct a shield tunneling shaft, wherein the main tunnel line and the entrance and exit ramps are both located in the shield tunneling shaft, and the entrance and exit ramps are arranged in a double-layer manner with four sets of ramps for entry and exit within the same shield tunneling shaft; The upper streamline of the merging and diverging entrance / exit layout of the double-layer tunnel includes: Upper mainline A section and upper mainline B section, wherein upper mainline A section includes a first lane, a second lane and a third lane, and upper mainline B section includes a first lane, a second lane and a third lane, wherein the first lane of upper mainline A section corresponds to the second lane of upper mainline B section, and the second lane of upper mainline A section corresponds to the third lane of upper mainline B section; The upper-level entrance ramp, through the shield tunnel working shaft, merges into the first lane of the upper-level main line B section in a lane-gradient manner. The third lane of the upper mainline section A corresponds to the upper exit ramp; the lower flow path of the merging and diverging entrance / exit layout of the double-layer tunnel includes: The lower mainline A section and the lower mainline B section are defined as follows: the lower mainline A section includes a first lane, a second lane and a third lane; the lower mainline B section includes a first lane, a second lane and a third lane; the first lane of the lower mainline B section corresponds to the second lane of the lower mainline A section, and the second lane of the lower mainline B section corresponds to the third lane of the lower mainline A section. The lower-level entrance ramp passes through the shield tunnel working shaft and merges into the first lane of the lower-level mainline A section in a lane-gradient manner. The third lane of the lower mainline section B corresponds to the lower exit ramp; The shield tunnel working shaft is equipped with a transition section, which includes an upper entrance ramp transition section, an upper exit ramp transition section, a lower entrance ramp transition section, and a lower exit ramp transition section. The upper entrance ramp transition section is located between the upper tunnel main line and the upper entrance ramp, and the upper exit ramp transition section is located between the upper tunnel main line and the upper exit ramp. The transition section of the lower-level entrance ramp is located between the lower-level tunnel main line and the lower-level entrance ramp, and the transition section of the lower-level exit ramp is located between the lower-level tunnel main line and the lower-level exit ramp; The shield tunnel working shaft is equipped with a diversion section; the diversion section includes an upper exit ramp diversion section and a lower exit ramp diversion section; the upper exit ramp diversion section is located on the side of the upper exit ramp transition section; the lower exit ramp diversion section is located on the side of the lower exit ramp transition section. The shield tunnel working shaft is provided with a merging section; the merging section includes an upper entrance ramp merging section and a lower entrance ramp merging section; the upper entrance ramp merging section is located on the side of the upper entrance ramp transition section, and the lower entrance ramp merging section is located on the side of the lower entrance ramp transition section. The shield tunnel working shaft is equipped with a merging isolation section, which includes an upper merging isolation section and a lower merging isolation section; the upper merging isolation section is located in the area where the upper entrance ramp merging section merges into the upper main line B section; the lower merging isolation section is located in the area where the lower main line A section merges into the transition section of the lower exit ramp; The section where the entrance / exit ramp merges with the main tunnel is equipped with flexible traffic bollards. The traffic elastic pillars include: Traffic pillar main body; A steel plate, wherein the steel plate is disposed at the bottom of the main body of the traffic column; The mounting base adopts an adsorption structure and is located at the bottom of the steel plate; The outer side of the main body of the traffic pillar is covered with multiple rings of reflective film from the top to the middle; The steel plate is coated with a zinc layer. The isolation length of the traffic elastic bollard is one time the stopping sight distance of the main line.

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