A multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform and stage replacement method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform and a stage replacement method, which comprises a mobile disassembly and assembly platform (10), a multi-stage hydraulic turbine (11), and a split pump shaft (12). The mobile disassembly and assembly platform comprises a base, a mobile slider platform (18), a hydraulic device (20, 21, 19), a mobile positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) and a width adjustment device (24, 25). Various tests of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine can be completed, and the operation is simple. Through the design mode of combining the mobile disassembly and assembly platform, the split pump shaft and the detachable shaft sleeve, the stage number of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine can be quickly adjusted while ensuring the accuracy, thereby improving the stage replacement efficiency and the test efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fluid machinery and energy conversion, and in particular to a multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform and a stage replacement method. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are relatively few relevant standards and research literature on multi-stage hydraulic turbine test benches, and existing multi-stage hydraulic turbines have problems such as insufficient experimental accuracy and cumbersome disassembly and assembly. Patent CN201510348685.3 discloses a high-pressure waste energy recovery hydraulic turbine test bench and its control method, which designs a high-pressure waste energy recovery hydraulic turbine test bench for studying the working state of the turbine; Patent CN202010546244.5 discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure gas-containing turbine experimental device for studying the flow of gas-containing hydraulic turbines and the working mechanism of gas-containing hydraulic turbines under high temperature and high pressure. If the above-mentioned existing multi-stage hydraulic turbine test bench is to carry out related experiments of different stages, it is necessary to disassemble and assemble the entire multi-stage hydraulic turbine test bench. The experimental process is extremely cumbersome, and it is often difficult to ensure the accuracy of disassembly and assembly during the replacement process, resulting in the inability to carry out the experiment normally. Therefore, there is a need for a multi-stage hydraulic turbine testing device that can facilitate stage adjustment and ensure sufficient installation accuracy, while improving the efficiency of multi-stage hydraulic turbine stage replacement and ensuring the accuracy of experimental data measurement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform and a stage replacement method, which can complete various tests of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine and is simple to operate. Through the design of a mobile disassembly and assembly platform, a split pump shaft and a detachable shaft sleeve, the multi-stage hydraulic turbine stage can be quickly adjusted while ensuring accuracy, thereby improving the stage change efficiency and test efficiency.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform, comprising a liquid storage tank (1), a first control valve (2), a booster pump (3), a bypass control valve (4), a liquid supply tank (5), a pressure gauge (6), a second control valve (7), an electromagnetic flow meter (8), a second pressure transmitter (9), a mobile assembly and disassembly platform (10), a multi-stage hydraulic turbine (11), a split pump shaft (12), a first pressure transmitter (13), a dynamometer (14), and a cooling and lubricating device (15). The liquid storage tank is connected to the booster pump through the first control valve 2, the booster pump is connected to the liquid supply tank through a first pipeline, and the liquid storage tank is connected to the liquid supply tank through a bypass control valve (5). The control valve is connected to the first pipeline, a pressure gauge is arranged on the liquid supply tank, the liquid supply tank is connected to the multi-stage hydraulic turbine through the pipeline, the second control valve, the electromagnetic flow meter, and the first pressure transmitter, the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is installed on the mobile disassembly and assembly platform, the pump shaft of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is a split pump shaft, the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is connected to the liquid storage tank through the second pressure transmitter, the split pump shaft is connected to the dynamometer, and the dynamometer is connected to the cooling and lubrication device, characterized in that: the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is installed on the mobile disassembly and assembly platform, the mobile disassembly and assembly platform (10) includes a base (16), a movable slider platform (18), A hydraulic device (20, 21, 19), a mobile positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) and a width adjustment device (24, 25), a mobile slider platform is installed above the base, the hydraulic device is installed on one side above the mobile slider platform through a bracket, one end of the mobile positioning suspension is located on the right end of the base, and the other end is located above the mobile slider platform, two sets of width adjustment devices are respectively arranged on the mobile slider platform and the right end of the base, a first track (181) is arranged on the base, a mobile slider platform is installed on the first track, and a plurality of positioning holes (182) are respectively arranged on the mobile slider platform and the first track ), to ensure the positioning accuracy of the mobile slider platform, a plurality of guide rods (183) are arranged on the base, the guide rods and the mobile slider platform can be slidably arranged, the hydraulic device is installed above one side of the mobile slider platform through a bracket, the two ends of the mobile positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) are respectively arranged at the right end of the base 16 and above the mobile slider platform 18, the mobile positioning suspension includes a suspension body (22), a mobile track (17) and a positioning hanger, the suspension body is installed on the mobile track through a slider (171), and two width adjustment devices are respectively fixed to the mobile slider platform and the right end of the base by bolts.

[0006] Furthermore, the pump shaft of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine (11) is designed with a split pump shaft (12) and a detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34), wherein the split pump shaft comprises a first-stage shaft section (28), shafts of each stage (29-32) and a final-stage shaft section (38); the detachable shaft sleeve comprises a baffle (30) for fixing the impeller, a shaft sleeve (33), and a conical fixed baffle (34); the first-stage shaft section, shafts of each stage and the final shaft are connected by splines (35) and a positioning structure (37), and each section of the pump shaft can be conveniently connected and disassembled.

[0007] Furthermore, the hydraulic device (20, 21, 19) is installed on a side of the mobile slider platform away from the base, and the hydraulic device includes a hydraulic device track (20), a hydraulic top (21), and a mobile hook (19). The bracket on the mobile slider platform is equipped with a hydraulic device track that can move up and down. The hydraulic top is installed on the hydraulic device track to achieve up and down adjustment of the hydraulic top and is fixed by positioning screws. The mobile hook is installed on the hydraulic top to achieve up and down adjustment synchronously with the hydraulic top; the mobile positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) has an adjustable width between the two mobile tracks, and the suspension body (22) is installed on the mobile track by bolts. The slider is used to realize the forward and backward movement of the suspension body. A positioning hanger that can be adjusted up and down is installed on the suspension body. The positioning hanger can be hung on the hook ears of the pump stage housings (27) of each level to position and install the pump stage housings of each level. The width adjustment device (24, 25) includes a first width adjustment track (24), a second width adjustment device (25), and a fixed slider (241). The fixed slider is installed in the slide groove of the first width adjustment track, and the fixed slider is fixed in position by bolts. By adjusting the width between the two fixed sliders and adjusting the length of the movable slider platform, it can be ensured that the movable disassembly and assembly platform is suitable for multi-stage hydraulic turbines of different types and sizes.

[0008] Furthermore, the split pump shaft (12) and the detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) replace the original integrated pump shaft of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine. The split pump shaft includes a first-stage shaft section (28), a second-stage shaft section (29), a third-stage shaft section (31), a fourth-stage shaft section (36) and a final-stage shaft section (38). The shaft sections are connected and fixed by splines (35) and a positioning structure (37); the positioning structure includes a clamping head (39), a return spring (40) and a clamping groove (41); the spline section at one end of the shaft section is provided with a radial installation groove, a return spring and a clamping head are installed in the radial installation groove, and a clamping groove is provided in the shaft head groove at one end of the adjacent shaft section, and the clamping groove cooperates with the clamping head for positioning; the detachable shaft sleeve includes a retaining member for fixing the impeller. The invention relates to a plate (30), a shaft sleeve (33), and a conical fixed baffle (34). The shaft sleeve comprises a shaft sleeve body (42) and a shaft sleeve flat key (421). One end of the shaft sleeve body is provided with a connecting thread (422), and the connecting thread cooperates with the thread on the impeller fixing baffle (30). The impeller fixing baffle and the conical fixed baffle and both ends of the impeller are provided with the same number of screw holes. The multiple screw holes are distributed along the circumferential direction. The connection between the impeller and the detachable shaft sleeve is fixed by screws, and the screws symmetrically arranged at both ends can offset the axial force generated by the screws, thereby ensuring that the impeller does not slide axially. The design of the split pump shaft and the detachable shaft sleeve makes it unnecessary to replace the pump shaft as a whole when changing the stage of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine, thereby improving the stage changing efficiency.

[0009] A testing method for a multi-stage hydraulic turbine testing platform, characterized in that:

[0010] (a) A multi-stage hydraulic turbine (11) for testing is installed on a movable assembly and disassembly platform (10), one end of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is installed on a base (16) of the movable assembly and disassembly platform, and the other end is installed on a movable slider platform (18). The position of the movable slider platform can be adjusted according to the number of stages of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine. At the same time, the relative position of the movable slider platform and the base is fixed by bolts and positioning holes (182) to ensure the stability of the installation of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine;

[0011] (b) Before changing the stage of a multi-stage hydraulic turbine, close all control valves of the test bench, disassemble all connecting pipelines, remove the positioning bolts between the base of the mobile disassembly and assembly platform and the mobile slider platform; use a disassembly tool to remove the bearing housing, bearing, sealing gland and other parts at the liquid inlet end of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine, use a tool to remove the impeller fixing baffle of the detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34), move the suspension body of the mobile positioning suspension to the first-stage impeller, fix the mobile positioning hanger (23) on the first-stage impeller, use a chain (26) to connect the hook (19) on the hydraulic top and the suspension body, use the pulling force of the hydraulic top and the mobile positioning suspension to remove the first-stage impeller, and then move the mobile positioning The suspension body of the suspension is moved to the first-stage pump stage housing (27), and the movable positioning hanger is hung on the hook ear of the first-stage pump stage housing. The movable hook on the hydraulic top and the suspension body are connected by a chain. The first-stage pump stage housing is pulled down by the pulling force of the hydraulic top (21) and the suspension body. The positioning hanger hangs on the hook ear of the first-stage pump stage housing to avoid direct falling and damage to the first-stage pump stage housing. Finally, the bolts between the shaft sleeve and the conical fixed baffle are removed by tools to remove the shaft sleeve and the conical fixed baffle; repeat the above steps to remove the remaining impellers and pump stage housings of each stage; after removing the impellers and pump stage housings of each stage, remove the first-stage shaft section of the split pump shaft according to the number of stages to be adjusted, and remove the unnecessary shaft sections of each stage;

[0012] (c) Installation process of shaft sections of each stage of multi-stage hydraulic turbine According to the test requirements, the first stage shaft section is installed on the undisassembled stage shaft section, the detachable shaft sleeve is installed, the pump stage housing is hoisted onto the split pump shaft through the suspension body, and then the impeller is installed. The impeller conical sleeve is pressed by hydraulic jacking to make the impeller mouth ring end contact with the pump shell surface, and finally the pump body housing at the liquid inlet end is installed to complete the stage adjustment of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine;

[0013] (d) After the stage adjustment is completed, the first control valve and the second control valve of the test bench are closed, and then the booster pump is filled with water and vacuumed, and the booster pump is turned on, and the liquid enters the liquid supply tank through the first regulating valve under the action of the booster pump; the speed and torque of the eddy current dynamometer (14) are set, and the cooling and lubrication device connected to the dynamometer is started. According to the pressure of the pressure gauge on the liquid supply tank, the second control valve is gradually opened, and the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is adjusted to the rated speed, and the pressure P1, pressure P2, and flow Q displayed by the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter and the electromagnetic flowmeter are recorded; when the flow is too large, the bypass control valve can be opened to release the flow to adjust the flow. After the multi-stage hydraulic turbine runs stably, the test data of this working condition is recorded to complete the experiment.

[0014] A multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform and stage replacement method of the present invention can complete various tests of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine, and the operation is simple. Through the design of combining a mobile disassembly and assembly platform, a split pump shaft and a detachable shaft sleeve, the multi-stage hydraulic turbine stage can be quickly adjusted while ensuring accuracy, thereby improving the stage change efficiency and test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform and a stage replacement method of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mobile assembly and disassembly platform of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mobile assembly and disassembly platform of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mobile assembly and disassembly platform of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of disassembling the mobile assembly and disassembly platform of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the split shaft and detachable sleeve assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning structure of the split shaft of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detachable shaft sleeve assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Fig. 9 This is a flow chart for adjusting the number of stages of a multi-stage hydraulic turbine according to the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: liquid storage tank 1, first control valve 2, booster pump 3, bypass control valve 4, liquid supply tank 5, pressure gauge 6, second control valve 7, electromagnetic flowmeter 8, second pressure transmitter 9, mobile disassembly and assembly platform 10, multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11, split shaft / split pump shaft 12, first pressure transmitter 13, dynamometer 14, cooling and lubrication device 15, base 16, mobile rail 17, slider 171, mobile slider platform 18, first rail 181, positioning hole 182, guide rod 183, mobile hook 19, hydraulic device rail 20, bracket 201, positioning screw 2 02, hydraulic top 21, mobile positioning suspension 22, positioning hanger 23, first width adjustment track 24, fixing slider 241, second width adjustment track 25, chain 26, pump stage housing 27, first-stage shaft section 28, second-stage shaft section 29, impeller fixing baffle 30, third-stage shaft section 31, impeller 32, sleeve 33, conical fixed baffle 34, spline 35, fourth-stage shaft section 36, positioning structure 37, final-stage shaft section 38, chuck 39, return spring 40, slot 41, sleeve body 42, sleeve flat key 421, connecting thread 422, "→" flow direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, a multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform includes a liquid storage tank 1, a first control valve 2, a booster pump 3, a bypass control valve 4, a liquid supply tank 5, a pressure gauge 6, a second control valve 7, an electromagnetic flowmeter 8, a second pressure transmitter 9, a mobile disassembly and assembly platform 10, a multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11, a split shaft / split pump shaft 12, a first pressure transmitter 13, a dynamometer 14, and a cooling and lubrication device 15. The liquid storage tank 1 is connected to the booster pump 3 through the first control valve 2, the booster pump 3 is connected to the liquid supply tank 5 through the first pipeline, and the liquid storage tank 1 is connected to the booster pump 3 through the bypass control valve 2. The line control valve 4 is connected to the first pipeline, the pressure gauge 6 is arranged on the liquid supply tank 5, the liquid supply tank 5 is connected to the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 through the pipeline, the second control valve 7, the electromagnetic flowmeter 8, and the first pressure transmitter 13, the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 is arranged on / installed on the mobile disassembly and assembly platform 10, the pump shaft of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 is a split pump shaft 12, the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 is connected to the liquid storage tank 1 through the second pressure transmitter 9, the split pump shaft 12 is connected to the dynamometer 14, and the dynamometer 14 is connected to the cooling and lubrication device 15.

[0028] The arrangement of the liquid supply tank 5 can stabilize the pressure of the liquid and facilitate the stabilization of the pressure at the inlet of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11. The multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 is installed on the mobile disassembly and assembly platform 10, which is convenient for the disassembly and assembly and stage adjustment of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11. The pump shaft of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 adopts a split pump shaft 12 and a detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) design.

[0029] like Figure 2-8As shown, the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 is installed on the mobile disassembly and assembly platform 10, and the mobile disassembly and assembly platform 10 includes a base 16, a mobile slider platform 18, a hydraulic device (20, 21, 19), a mobile positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) and a width adjustment device (24, 25). The mobile slider platform 18 is installed above / on the upper side of the base 16, and the hydraulic device (20, 21, 19) is installed on the upper side of the mobile slider platform 18 through a bracket 201. One end of the mobile positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) is located on the right end of the base 16, and the other end is located above the mobile slider platform 18. Two sets of width adjustment devices (24, 25) are respectively arranged on the mobile slider platform 18 and the right end of the base 16. A first track 181 is arranged on the base 16, and the mobile slider platform 18 is installed on the first track 181. A plurality of positioning holes 182 are respectively arranged on the movable slider platform 18 and the first track 181 to ensure the positioning accuracy of the movable slider platform 18. A plurality of guide rods 183 are arranged on the base 16. The guide rods 183 and the movable slider platform 18 can be slidably arranged. The hydraulic device (20, 21, 19) is installed above one side of the movable slider platform 18 through a bracket 201. The two ends of the movable positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) are respectively arranged at the right end of the base 16 and above the movable slider platform 18. The movable positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) includes a suspension body 22, a movable track 17 and a positioning hanger 23. The suspension body 22 is installed on the movable track 17 through a slider 171. Two width adjustment devices (24, 25) are respectively fixed to the movable slider platform 18 and the right end of the base 16 by bolts.

[0030] Furthermore, the pump shaft of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 adopts a split pump shaft 12 and a detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) design, the split pump shaft 12 includes a first-stage shaft section 28, each stage shaft section (29-32) and a final stage shaft section 38; the detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) includes a baffle 30 for fixing the impeller, a shaft sleeve 33, and a conical fixed baffle 34; the first-stage shaft section 28, each stage shaft section (29-32) and the final shaft 38 are connected by a spline 35 and a positioning structure 37, and each section of the pump shaft can be conveniently connected and disassembled.

[0031] Further, the hydraulic device (20, 21, 19) is installed on the side of the mobile slider platform 18 away from the base 16, and the hydraulic device includes a hydraulic device track 20, a hydraulic top 21, and a mobile hook 19. The bracket 201 on the mobile slider platform 18 is installed with a hydraulic device track 20 that can move up and down. The hydraulic top 21 is installed on the hydraulic device track 20 to achieve up and down adjustment of the hydraulic top 21 and is fixed by a positioning screw 202. The mobile hook 19 is installed on the hydraulic top 21 to achieve synchronous up and down adjustment with the hydraulic top 21; the mobile positioning suspension (22, 17, 23), the width between the two mobile tracks 17 is adjustable, and the suspension body 22 is installed on the slider 171 on the mobile track 17 by bolts. To realize the forward and backward movement of the suspension body 22, a positioning hanger 23 which can be adjusted up and down is installed on the suspension body 22, and the positioning hanger 23 can be hung on the hook ears of the pump stage housings 27 of each level, and is used for positioning and installing the pump stage housings 27 of each level; the width adjustment device (24, 25) includes a first width adjustment track 24, a second width adjustment device 25, and a fixed slider 241, the fixed slider 241 is installed in the slide groove of the first width adjustment track 24, and the fixed slider 241 is fixed in position / position by bolts; through the width adjustment between the two fixed sliders 241 and the length adjustment (front and back adjustment) of the movable slider platform 18, it can be ensured that the movable disassembly and assembly platform 10 is suitable for / universally applicable to multi-stage hydraulic turbines 11 of different types and sizes.

[0032] The split pump shaft 12 and the detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) replace the integral pump shaft of the original multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11. The split pump shaft 12 includes a first-stage shaft section 28, a second-stage shaft section 29, a third-stage shaft section 31, a fourth-stage shaft section 36 and a final-stage shaft section 38. The shaft sections are connected and fixed by splines 35 and a positioning structure 37. The positioning structure 37 includes a clamping head 39, a return spring 40 and a clamping groove 41. The spline section at one end of the shaft section is provided with a radial installation groove, and the return spring 40 and the clamping head 39 are installed in the radial installation groove. The shaft head groove at one end of the adjacent shaft section is provided with a clamping groove 41, and the clamping groove 41 cooperates with the clamping head 39 for positioning. The detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) includes a baffle 30 for fixing the impeller, a shaft sleeve 33, a conical fixing The fixed baffle 34 and the shaft sleeve 33 include a shaft sleeve body 42 and a shaft sleeve flat key 421. A connecting thread 422 is provided at one end of the shaft sleeve body 42. The connecting thread 422 cooperates with the thread on the impeller fixing baffle 30. The impeller fixing baffle 30 and the conical fixed baffle 34 and both ends of the impeller 32 are provided with the same number of screw holes. The multiple screw holes are distributed along the circumferential direction. Screws are used to fix the connection between the impeller and the detachable shaft sleeve. The screws symmetrically arranged at both ends can offset the axial force generated by the screws, thereby ensuring that the impeller 32 does not slide axially. The design of the split pump shaft 12 and the detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) makes it unnecessary to replace the pump shaft as a whole when the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 changes stages / changes the number of stages, thereby improving the stage changing efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 1-9 As shown, a testing method for a multi-stage hydraulic turbine testing platform is characterized by:

[0034] (a) The multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 used in the test is installed on the mobile disassembly platform 10. One end of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 is installed on the base 16 of the mobile disassembly platform 10, and the other end is installed on the mobile slider platform 18. The position of the mobile slider platform 18 can be adjusted according to the number of stages of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine. At the same time, the relative position of the mobile slider platform 18 and the base 16 is fixed by bolts and positioning holes 182 to ensure the stability of the installation of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine;

[0035] (b) Before the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 is changed, the control valves of the test bench are closed, the connecting pipelines are disassembled, and the positioning bolts between the base 16 of the mobile disassembly and assembly platform 10 and the mobile slider platform 18 are removed; the bearing housing, bearing, sealing gland and other parts at the liquid inlet end of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine are removed by using a disassembly tool, and the impeller fixing baffle 30 of the detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) is removed by using a tool, and the suspension body 22 of the mobile positioning suspension is moved to the first-stage impeller, and the mobile positioning hanger 23 is fixed on the first-stage impeller, and the hook 19 on the hydraulic top 21 and the suspension body 22 are connected by a chain 26, and the first-stage impeller is removed by using the pulling force of the hydraulic top 21 and the mobile positioning suspension, and then the suspension body of the mobile positioning suspension is moved. The first-stage pump stage housing 27 is connected to the first-stage pump stage housing 27 by the body 22, and the positioning hanger 23 is hung on the hook ear of the first-stage pump stage housing 27. The mobile hook 19 on the hydraulic top and the suspension body 22 are connected by the chain 26. The first-stage pump stage housing is pulled down by the pulling force of the hydraulic top 21 and the suspension body 22. The positioning hanger 23 hangs on the hook ear of the first-stage pump stage housing to avoid direct falling and damage to the first-stage pump stage housing. Finally, the bolts between the shaft sleeve 33 and the conical fixed baffle 34 are removed by tools to remove the shaft sleeve 33 and the conical fixed baffle 34; repeat the above steps to remove the remaining impellers and pump stage housings of each stage; after removing the impellers and pump stage housings of each stage, remove the first-stage shaft section 28 of the split pump shaft 12 according to the number of stages to be adjusted, and remove the unnecessary shaft sections of each stage;

[0036] (c) Installation process of shaft sections of each stage of multi-stage hydraulic turbine According to the test requirements, the first stage shaft section 28 is installed on the undisassembled stage shaft section, the detachable shaft sleeve is installed, the pump stage housing is hoisted onto the split pump shaft 12 through the suspension body 22, and then the impeller is installed. The impeller conical sleeve is pressed by the hydraulic jack 21 so that the impeller mouth ring end contacts the pump shell surface, and finally the pump body housing at the liquid inlet end is installed to complete the stage adjustment of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine;

[0037] (d) After completing the stage adjustment, close the first control valve 2 and the second control valve 7 of the test bench, then fill the boost pump 3 with water and evacuate it, turn on the boost pump 3, and the liquid enters the liquid supply tank 5 through the first regulating valve 2 under the action of the boost pump; set the speed and torque of the eddy current dynamometer 14, start the cooling and lubrication device 15 connected to the dynamometer, gradually open the second control valve 7 according to the pressure of the pressure gauge 6 on the liquid supply tank 5, adjust the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 to the rated speed, and record the pressure P1, pressure P2, and flow Q displayed by the first pressure transmitter 13 and the second pressure transmitter 9 and the electromagnetic flowmeter 8; when the flow is too large, open the bypass control valve 4 to discharge the flow to adjust the flow, and after the multi-stage hydraulic turbine 11 runs stably, record the test data of this working condition to complete the experiment.

[0038] The invention discloses a multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform and a stage replacement method. The multi-stage hydraulic turbine is installed on a mobile disassembly platform to ensure the smooth operation of the multi-stage pump. The hydraulic device is used to provide tension and pressure during the disassembly of each stage to prevent damage to the equipment. The mobile positioning suspension facilitates the installation and positioning of each stage of the pump, ensuring the installation accuracy and experimental accuracy of the pump. The multi-stage hydraulic turbine adopts a split pump shaft and a detachable sleeve design. The split pump shaft is connected by a spline and a positioning structure. The impeller is fixed by a screw and a detachable sleeve, which is convenient for disassembly, improves the efficiency and speed of disassembly, and is easy to replace when the impeller and pump shaft are damaged.

[0039] The test device and test method realize the rapid adjustment of the number of stages of the multi-stage pump and improve the experimental efficiency by combining the mobile disassembly platform with the split pump shaft and the detachable shaft sleeve of the pump; the mobile disassembly platform can match multi-stage hydraulic turbines of different types and sizes through the length and width adjustment between the width adjustment device and the moving slider. The test bench can test multi-stage hydraulic turbines of the same size but different numbers of stages through stage adjustment, so as to better study the energy recovery and transient characteristics of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine.

[0040] A multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform and a stage replacement method of the present invention can complete various tests of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine, and the operation is simple. Through the design mode of combining a movable disassembly and assembly platform 10, a split pump shaft 12 and a detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34), the stage number of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine can be quickly adjusted while ensuring the accuracy, thereby improving the stage replacement efficiency and the test efficiency.

[0041] The above-mentioned implementation modes are for explanation of the present invention rather than limitation of the present invention. It can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform, comprising a liquid storage tank (1), a first control valve (2), a booster pump (3), a bypass control valve (4), a liquid supply tank (5), a pressure gauge (6), a second control valve (7), an electromagnetic flow meter (8), a second pressure transmitter (9), a mobile assembly and disassembly platform (10), a multi-stage hydraulic turbine (11), a split pump shaft (12), a first pressure transmitter (13), a dynamometer (14), and a cooling and lubricating device (15), wherein the liquid storage tank is connected to the booster pump via the first control valve 2. The booster pump is connected to the liquid supply tank through a first pipeline, the liquid storage tank is connected to the first pipeline through a bypass control valve, a pressure gauge is provided on the liquid supply tank, the liquid supply tank is connected to the multi-stage hydraulic turbine through a pipeline, a second control valve, an electromagnetic flowmeter, and a first pressure transmitter, the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is installed on a mobile disassembly and assembly platform, the pump shaft of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is a split pump shaft, the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is connected to the liquid storage tank through a second pressure transmitter, the split pump shaft is connected to a dynamometer, and the dynamometer is connected to a cooling and lubrication device, characterized in that: A multi-stage hydraulic turbine is installed on a mobile disassembly and assembly platform. The mobile disassembly and assembly platform (10) comprises a base (16), a mobile slider platform (18), a hydraulic device (20, 21, 19), a mobile positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) and a width adjustment device (24, 25). The mobile slider platform is installed above the base. The hydraulic device is installed on one side above the mobile slider platform through a bracket. One end of the mobile positioning suspension is located on the right end of the base, and the other end is located above the mobile slider platform. Two sets of width adjustment devices are respectively arranged on the mobile slider platform and the right end of the base. A first track (181) is arranged on the base. The mobile slider platform is installed on the first track. The mobile slider platform A plurality of positioning holes (182) are respectively arranged on the platform and the first track to ensure the positioning accuracy of the movable slider platform. A plurality of guide rods (183) are arranged on the base, and the guide rods and the movable slider platform can be slidably arranged. The hydraulic device is installed above one side of the movable slider platform through a bracket. The two ends of the movable positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) are respectively arranged at the right end of the base 16 and above the movable slider platform 18. The movable positioning suspension includes a suspension body (22), a movable track (17) and a positioning hanger (23). The suspension body is installed on the movable track through a slider (171). Two width adjustment devices are respectively fixed to the movable slider platform and the right end of the base through bolts.

2. A multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pump shaft of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine (11) adopts a split pump shaft (12) and a detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) design, wherein the split pump shaft comprises a first-stage shaft section (28), shafts of each stage (29-32) and a final-stage shaft section (38); the detachable shaft sleeve comprises a baffle (30) for fixing an impeller, a shaft sleeve (33) and a conical fixed baffle (34); the first-stage shaft section, shafts of each stage and the final shaft are connected by splines (35) and a positioning structure (37), and each section of the pump shaft can be conveniently connected and disassembled.

3. A multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic device (20, 21, 19) is installed on a side of the mobile slider platform away from the base, and the hydraulic device includes a hydraulic device track (20), a hydraulic top (21), and a mobile hook (19). The bracket on the mobile slider platform is equipped with a hydraulic device track that can move up and down. The hydraulic top is installed on the hydraulic device track to achieve up and down adjustment of the hydraulic top and is fixed by positioning screws. The mobile hook is installed on the hydraulic top to achieve up and down adjustment synchronously with the hydraulic top. The width between the two mobile tracks of the mobile positioning suspension (22, 17, 23) is adjustable, and the suspension body (22) is installed on the slider on the mobile track by bolts. , realizing the forward and backward movement of the suspension body, a positioning hanger that can be adjusted up and down is installed on the suspension body, and the positioning hanger can be hung on the hook ears of the pump stage housings (27) of each level, and is used for positioning and installing the pump stage housings of each level; the width adjustment device (24, 25) includes a first width adjustment track (24), a second width adjustment device (25), and a fixed slider (241), the fixed slider is installed in the slide groove of the first width adjustment track, and the fixed slider is fixed in position by bolts; through the width adjustment between the two fixed sliders and the length adjustment of the movable slider platform, it can be ensured that the movable disassembly and assembly platform is suitable for multi-stage hydraulic turbines of different types and sizes.

4. A multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The split pump shaft (12) and the detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34) replace the original integrated pump shaft of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine. The split pump shaft includes a first-stage shaft section (28), a second-stage shaft section (29), a third-stage shaft section (31), a fourth-stage shaft section (36) and a final-stage shaft section (38). The shaft sections are connected and fixed by splines (35) and a positioning structure (37). The positioning structure includes a clamping head (39), a return spring (40) and a clamping groove (41). The spline section at one end of the shaft section is provided with a radial installation groove, and a return spring and a clamping head are installed in the radial installation groove. A clamping groove is provided in the shaft head groove at one end of the adjacent shaft section, and the clamping groove cooperates with the clamping head for positioning. The detachable shaft sleeve includes a baffle (39) for fixing the impeller. 0), a shaft sleeve (33), and a conical fixed baffle (34), the shaft sleeve comprising a shaft sleeve body (42) and a shaft sleeve flat key (421), one end of the shaft sleeve body is provided with a connecting thread (422), the connecting thread cooperates with the thread on the impeller fixing baffle (30), the impeller fixing baffle and the conical fixed baffle and both ends of the impeller are provided with the same number of screw holes, the multiple screw holes are distributed along the circumferential direction, the connection between the impeller and the detachable shaft sleeve is fixed by screws, and the screws symmetrically arranged at both ends can offset the axial force generated by the screws, thereby ensuring that the impeller does not slide axially, the design of the split pump shaft and the detachable shaft sleeve makes it unnecessary to replace the pump shaft as a whole when changing the stage of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine, thereby improving the stage changing efficiency.

5. A method for testing a multi-stage hydraulic turbine test platform as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: (a) A multi-stage hydraulic turbine (11) for testing is installed on a movable assembly and disassembly platform (10), one end of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is installed on a base (16) of the movable assembly and disassembly platform, and the other end is installed on a movable slider platform (18). The position of the movable slider platform can be adjusted according to the number of stages of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine. At the same time, the relative position of the movable slider platform and the base is fixed by bolts and positioning holes (182) to ensure the stability of the installation of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine; (b) Before changing the stage of a multi-stage hydraulic turbine, close all control valves of the test bench, disassemble all connecting pipelines, remove the positioning bolts between the base of the mobile disassembly and assembly platform and the mobile slider platform; use a disassembly tool to remove the bearing housing, bearing, sealing gland and other parts at the liquid inlet end of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine, use a tool to remove the impeller fixing baffle of the detachable shaft sleeve (30, 33, 34), move the suspension body of the mobile positioning suspension to the first-stage impeller, fix the mobile positioning hanger (23) on the first-stage impeller, use a chain (26) to connect the hook (19) on the hydraulic top and the suspension body, use the pulling force of the hydraulic top and the mobile positioning suspension to remove the first-stage impeller, and then move the mobile positioning The suspension body of the suspension is moved to the first-stage pump stage housing (27), and the movable positioning hanger is hung on the hook ear of the first-stage pump stage housing. The movable hook on the hydraulic top and the suspension body are connected by a chain. The first-stage pump stage housing is pulled down by the pulling force of the hydraulic top (21) and the suspension body. The positioning hanger hangs on the hook ear of the first-stage pump stage housing to avoid direct falling and damage to the first-stage pump stage housing. Finally, the bolts between the shaft sleeve and the conical fixed baffle are removed by tools to remove the shaft sleeve and the conical fixed baffle; repeat the above steps to remove the remaining impellers and pump stage housings of each stage; after removing the impellers and pump stage housings of each stage, remove the first-stage shaft section of the split pump shaft according to the number of stages to be adjusted, and remove the unnecessary shaft sections of each stage; (c) Installation process of shaft sections of each stage of multi-stage hydraulic turbine According to the test requirements, the first stage shaft section is installed on the undisassembled stage shaft section, the detachable shaft sleeve is installed, the pump stage housing is hoisted onto the split pump shaft through the suspension body, and then the impeller is installed. The impeller conical sleeve is pressed by hydraulic jacking to make the impeller mouth ring end contact with the pump shell surface, and finally the pump body housing at the liquid inlet end is installed to complete the stage adjustment of the multi-stage hydraulic turbine; (d) After the stage adjustment is completed, the first control valve and the second control valve of the test bench are closed, and then the booster pump is filled with water and vacuumed, and the booster pump is turned on, and the liquid enters the liquid supply tank through the first regulating valve under the action of the booster pump; the speed and torque of the eddy current dynamometer (14) are set, and the cooling and lubrication device connected to the dynamometer is started. According to the pressure of the pressure gauge on the liquid supply tank, the second control valve is gradually opened, and the multi-stage hydraulic turbine is adjusted to the rated speed, and the pressure P1, pressure P2, and flow Q displayed by the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter and the electromagnetic flowmeter are recorded; when the flow is too large, the bypass control valve can be opened to release the flow to adjust the flow. After the multi-stage hydraulic turbine runs stably, the test data of this working condition is recorded to complete the experiment.

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