A pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on heat pump

Abstract

The present invention discloses a whole-vehicle thermal management system for pure electric vehicles based on a heat pump. The combined switching of a four-way four-port valve and a two-way four-port valve realizes the recovery of waste heat from the electric drive and / or battery heat by the heat pump air conditioner. When the temperature of the electric drive system is not high, the electric drive temperature control system and the battery temperature control system are connected in series to achieve the thermal insulation of the power battery. When the battery needs to be cooled in a medium-temperature environment, the electric drive temperature control system and the battery temperature control system are connected in series to realize the cooling of the power battery by using the front radiator. At the same time, by using the electric proportional three-way valve on the heating side, the water heater for heating the power battery and heating the passenger compartment is shared, realizing the mutual transfer of heat among the three systems of the passenger compartment air conditioner, battery temperature control, and electric drive temperature control, reducing the system cost and the energy loss of the whole vehicle, improving the operation efficiency of the whole vehicle, and increasing the low-temperature cruising range of the pure electric vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pure electric vehicle overall thermal management, and particularly to a pure electric vehicle overall thermal management system based on a heat pump. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing popularity of new energy vehicles, people's requirements for the cruising range of new energy vehicles are also constantly increasing. The reduction of the low-temperature cruising range of pure electric vehicles, as one of the key factors affecting the cruising range, is also a problem that the entire automotive industry continues to solve. In the prior art, in order to improve the cruising ability of vehicles, an electric three-way valve is usually added at the inlet of the radiator to bypass the radiator, and an independent water heater is configured in the battery temperature control loop. However, it cannot achieve the transfer of energy between different systems, and the number of additional components required is relatively large, resulting in high costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a pure electric vehicle overall thermal management system based on heat pump technology, which can integrate the passenger compartment, the battery, and the electric drive temperature control loop, transfer heat among the three according to requirements, reduce the overall vehicle energy loss, and improve the overall vehicle economy.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present invention provide a pure electric vehicle overall thermal management system based on a heat pump, which is applicable to pure electric vehicles equipped with a liquid-cooled battery system, and includes:

[0005] A battery temperature control system for regulating the temperature of the power battery;

[0006] An electric drive temperature control system for regulating the temperature of the electric drive system;

[0007] A passenger compartment air conditioning system for regulating the temperature of the passenger compartment;

[0008] The valve control system includes a first valve, a second valve, and a third valve. The first valve is used to control the on-off between the passenger compartment air conditioning system and the battery temperature control system according to a control signal; the second valve is connected to the third valve and is used to control the on-off among the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system, and the passenger compartment air conditioning system according to a control signal;

[0009] A vehicle controller for controlling the conduction states of the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve in the valve control system according to thermal management information, so that heat is transferred between the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system, and the passenger compartment air conditioning system or performs self-circulation in each system.

[0010] Further, the first valve is an electric proportional three-way valve, the second valve is a two-position four-way valve, and the third valve is a four-position four-way valve.

[0011] Furthermore, the modes of heat transfer between the battery temperature control system and the occupant compartment air conditioning system include a battery heating mode and a battery fast cooling mode.

[0012] Furthermore, in the battery heating mode, the occupant compartment air conditioning system heats the battery temperature control system;

[0013] The occupant compartment air conditioning system includes a first electric water pump, a water-cooled condenser, a water heater, and a heater core that are sequentially connected to form a warm air circuit; wherein, the electric proportional three-way valve is disposed between the water heater and the heater core;

[0014] The battery temperature control system includes an expansion tank, a second electric water pump, a water heat exchanger, a power battery, and a cooler that are sequentially connected to form a battery temperature control circuit; wherein, the two-position four-way valve is disposed between the power battery and the cooler;

[0015] The warm air circuit transfers heat to the temperature control circuit through the water heat exchanger as a heat source to heat the power battery.

[0016] Furthermore, in the battery fast cooling mode, the occupant compartment air conditioning system cools the battery temperature control system;

[0017] The occupant compartment air conditioning system includes a water-cooled condenser, a heating electronic expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a one-way check valve, a cooling electronic expansion valve, a cooler, a liquid receiver, and an electric compressor that are sequentially connected to form a cooling circuit;

[0018] The battery temperature control system includes an expansion tank, a second electric water pump, a water heat exchanger, a power battery, and a cooler that are sequentially connected to form a battery temperature control circuit; wherein, the two-position four-way valve is disposed between the power battery and the cooler;

[0019] The cooler absorbs heat as an evaporator, reduces the temperature of the coolant, and circulates the low-temperature coolant to the temperature control circuit to quickly cool the power battery.

[0020] Furthermore, the modes of heat transfer between the battery temperature control system and the electric drive temperature control system include a battery heat preservation mode and a battery slow cooling mode.

[0021] Furthermore, in the battery heat preservation mode, the electric drive temperature control system preserves the temperature of the battery temperature control system;

[0022] The electric drive temperature control system includes a third electric water pump and an electric drive system that are sequentially connected to form a first electric drive circuit; wherein, the four-position four-way valve is connected to the electric drive system;

[0023] The battery temperature control system includes an expansion tank, a second electric water pump, a water heat exchanger, a power battery, and a cooler that are connected in sequence to form a battery temperature control loop; wherein, the two-position four-way valve is arranged between the power battery and the cooler;

[0024] The first electric drive loop is connected in series with the battery temperature control loop, and the heat generated when the first electric drive loop operates is transferred to the battery temperature control loop through the cooler to keep the power battery warm.

[0025] Further, the slow cooling mode of the battery is that the electric drive temperature control system slowly cools the battery temperature control system;

[0026] The electric drive temperature control system includes a third electric water pump and an electric drive system radiator that are connected in sequence to form a second electric drive loop; wherein, the four-position four-way valve is arranged between the electric drive system and the radiator;

[0027] The battery temperature control system includes an expansion tank, a second electric water pump, a water heat exchanger, a power battery, and a cooler that are connected in sequence to form a battery temperature control loop; wherein, the two-position four-way valve is arranged between the power battery and the cooler;

[0028] The second electric drive loop is connected in series with the battery temperature control loop. When the coolant flows through the radiator, heat is released to the external environment, the temperature of the coolant drops, and the low-temperature coolant circulates to the temperature control loop to slowly cool the power battery.

[0029] Further, the modes of heat transfer among the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system, and the occupant compartment air conditioning system include a waste heat recovery mode;

[0030] The electric drive temperature control system includes a third electric water pump and an electric drive system that are connected in sequence to form a first electric drive loop; wherein the four-position four-way valve is connected to the electric drive system;

[0031] The battery temperature control system includes an expansion tank, a second electric water pump, a water heat exchanger, a power battery, and a cooler that are connected in sequence to form a battery temperature control loop; wherein, the two-position four-way valve is arranged between the power battery and the cooler;

[0032] The occupant compartment air conditioning system includes a water-cooled condenser, a first electromagnetic switch valve, a cooling electronic expansion valve, a cooler, a liquid receiver, and an electric compressor that are connected in sequence to form a heat pump loop, and a first electric water pump, a water-cooled condenser, a water heater, and a heater core that are connected in sequence to form a warm air loop; wherein, the electric proportional three-way valve is arranged between the water heater and the heater core;

[0033] When the heating of the heat pump loop is insufficient, the coolant of the first electric drive loop and / or the battery temperature control loop flows through the cooler, and the cooler releases the heat absorbed on the coolant side to the warm air loop through the water-cooled condenser.

[0034] Furthermore, the modes in which heat performs self-circulation in the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system, and the passenger compartment air-conditioning system respectively include a battery temperature equalization mode, an electric drive cooling mode, an electric drive warm-up mode, an air-conditioning refrigeration mode, and an air-conditioning heating mode.

[0035] Furthermore, the battery temperature control system in the battery temperature equalization mode includes a second electric water pump, a water heat exchanger, and a power battery that are sequentially connected to form a loop; wherein, the two-position four-way valve is arranged between the power battery and the second electric water pump; the coolant performs a heat cycle under the push of the second electric water pump to improve the temperature equalization of the power battery.

[0036] Furthermore, the electric drive temperature control system in the electric drive cooling mode includes a third electric water pump, an electric drive system, and a radiator that are sequentially connected to form a loop; wherein, the four-position four-way valve is arranged between the electric drive system and the radiator; when the coolant flows through the radiator, heat is released to the external environment, the temperature of the coolant drops, and the low-temperature coolant flows through the electric drive system to cool the electric drive system.

[0037] Furthermore, the electric drive temperature control system in the electric drive warm-up mode includes a third electric water pump and an electric drive system that are sequentially connected to form a loop; wherein, the four-position four-way valve is connected to the electric drive system; the coolant performs a heat cycle under the push of the third electric water pump to achieve heat storage of the electric drive system.

[0038] Furthermore, the passenger compartment air-conditioning system in the air-conditioning refrigeration mode includes a water-cooled condenser, a heating electronic expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a one-way check valve, a passenger compartment refrigeration electronic expansion valve, a passenger compartment evaporator, a liquid receiver, and an electric compressor that are sequentially connected to form a loop. The refrigerant flows through the compressor and is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, condensed into a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid through the outdoor heat exchanger, throttled and depressurized by the passenger compartment refrigeration heating electronic expansion valve, and then evaporated and absorbs heat in the passenger compartment evaporator to refrigerate the passenger compartment.

[0039] Furthermore, the air-conditioning heating mode includes a PTC heating mode and a heat pump heating mode;

[0040] The passenger compartment air-conditioning system in the PTC heating mode includes a first electric water pump, a water-cooled condenser, a water heater, and a heater core that are sequentially connected to form a loop; wherein, the electric proportional three-way valve is arranged between the water heater and the heater core; the water heater is used as a heat source to heat the coolant, and the high-temperature coolant circulates through the heater core to heat the passenger compartment;

[0041] The occupant compartment air conditioning system in the heat pump heating mode includes a water-cooled condenser, a heating electronic expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a second electromagnetic switch valve, a liquid receiver, and an electric compressor that are connected in sequence to form a loop, and a first electric water pump, a water-cooled condenser, a water heater, and a heater core that are connected in sequence to form a loop. The occupant compartment air conditioning system operates in a refrigeration reverse cycle. The heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger from the environment and the heat provided by the compressor are released to the coolant through the water-cooled condenser. The high-temperature coolant circulates through the heater core to heat the occupant compartment.

[0042] Further, temperature sensors for obtaining the temperature of the coolant flowing through the power battery are respectively provided at both ends of the power battery; a water temperature sensor is provided between the electric drive system and the four-way four-way valve; a high-pressure pressure sensor is provided at the water-cooled condenser, and a low-pressure pressure sensor is provided at the cooler.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump. The combination switching of the four-way four-way valve and the two-way four-way valve realizes the recovery of the waste heat of the electric drive and / or the heat of the battery by the heat pump air conditioner; when the temperature of the electric drive system is not high, the electric drive temperature control system and the battery temperature control system are connected in series to realize the heat preservation of the power battery; when the battery needs to be cooled in a medium-temperature environment, the electric drive temperature control system and the battery temperature control system are connected in series to realize the cooling of the power battery by using the front radiator; at the same time, through the use of the electric proportional three-way valve on the heating side, the water heater is shared for the heating of the power battery and the heating of the occupant compartment, realizing the mutual transfer of heat among the occupant compartment air conditioning, battery temperature control, and electric drive temperature control systems, reducing the system cost and the overall vehicle energy loss, improving the overall vehicle operation efficiency, and increasing the low-temperature cruising range of the pure electric vehicle. Description of the Drawings

[0044] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a system configuration diagram of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the battery heating mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the battery fast cooling mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the battery heat preservation mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the battery slow cooling mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the waste heat recovery mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the battery temperature equalization mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the electric drive cooling mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the electric drive warm-up mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the air conditioning refrigeration mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the PTC heating mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the cooling flow direction in the heat pump heating mode of a pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] To illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the following will be described through specific embodiments.

[0059] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle thermal management system for pure electric vehicles based on a heat pump, which is applicable to pure electric vehicles equipped with a liquid-cooled battery system, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the vehicle thermal management system for pure electric vehicles based on a heat pump includes:

[0060] A battery temperature control system 100 for regulating the temperature of the power battery;

[0061] An electric drive temperature control system 200 for regulating the temperature of the electric drive system;

[0062] An occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 for regulating the temperature of the occupant compartment;

[0063] The valve control system 400 includes a first valve, a second valve and a third valve. The first valve is used to control the on-off between the occupant compartment air conditioning system and the battery temperature control system according to a control signal; the second valve is connected to the third valve and is used to control the on-off among the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system and the occupant compartment air conditioning system according to a control signal;

[0064] A vehicle controller 500 for controlling the conduction states of the first valve, the second valve and the third valve in the valve control system 400 according to thermal management information, so that heat can be transferred between the battery temperature control system 100, the electric drive temperature control system 200 and the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 or perform self-circulation in each system.

[0065] Among them, the first valve is an electric proportional three-way valve 12, the second valve is a two-position four-way valve 23, and the third valve is a four-position four-way valve 24.

[0066] Among them, the battery temperature control system 100 at least includes a second electric water pump 19, a water heat exchanger 15, a power battery 21, a cooler 16, a cooling electronic expansion valve 17, an expansion tank 18, water pipes, and a first temperature sensor 20 and a second temperature sensor 22 disposed at both ends of the power battery for obtaining the coolant temperature. Among them, the two-position four-way valve 23 is disposed between the power battery 21 and the cooler 16.

[0067] Among them, the electric drive temperature control system 200 at least includes a third electric water pump 25, an electric drive system 26, a four-position four-way valve 24, a radiator 28, and water pipes. Among them, the four-position four-way valve is disposed between the electric drive system 26 and the radiator 28. The electric drive temperature control system 200 also includes a water temperature sensor 27 disposed between the electric drive system and the four-position four-way valve.

[0068] Among them, the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 includes an air conditioning refrigeration subsystem and an air conditioning heating subsystem. The air conditioning refrigeration subsystem at least includes an electric compressor 1, a heating electronic expansion valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, a one-way check valve 5, a first electromagnetic solenoid valve 9, a second solenoid valve 10, an occupant compartment refrigeration electronic expansion valve 6, an evaporator 7, and a liquid receiver 8. The air conditioning heating subsystem at least includes a water-cooled condenser 2, a water heater 11, a heater core 13, an electric water pump 14, an expansion tank 18, and water pipes. Among them, the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 further includes a high-pressure pressure sensor 29 provided at the water-cooled condenser and a low-pressure pressure sensor 30 provided at the cooler. The electric proportional three-way valve 12 is provided between the water heater 11 and the heater core 13.

[0069] The vehicle controller 500 is electrically connected to the battery temperature control system 100, the electric drive temperature control system 200, and the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 respectively through the valve control system 400, and the battery temperature control system 100, the electric drive temperature control system 200, and the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 are interconnected through the valve control system 400. The vehicle controller 500 obtains the thermal management information of each sensor and actuator in real time and issues corresponding temperature control commands. The thermal management information includes but is not limited to ambient temperature, power battery temperature, electric drive system coolant temperature, power battery inlet coolant temperature, and power battery outlet coolant temperature.

[0070] Specifically, the battery temperature control system 100 initiates a thermal management request based on the temperature of the power battery and the thermal management information. The vehicle controller 500 controls the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve or the electric proportional three-way valve based on the overall vehicle state, the thermal management request, and the occupant compartment demand; meanwhile, when the occupant compartment air conditioning system is heating, the vehicle controller 500 can enter the waste heat recovery mode according to the ambient temperature and the refrigerant low-pressure side pressure, such as controlling the conduction mode of the two-position four-way valve and the four-position four-way valve when the battery temperature is higher than 5°C and the electric drive loop coolant temperature is higher than -5°C; in addition, during waste heat recovery, the vehicle controller 500 can control the opening degrees of the two-position four-way valve and the four-position four-way valve according to the battery thermal management request, ambient temperature, battery temperature, and electric drive system coolant temperature. Among them, the thermal management request includes but is not limited to cooling request, heating request, and temperature equalization request, and the overall vehicle state mainly includes but is not limited to no high-voltage power on, high-voltage power on but not drivable, high-voltage power on and drivable, AC charging, DC charging, and external power discharge.

[0071] Furthermore, the valve control system 400 realizes the series connection of the battery temperature control system and the electric drive temperature control system by conducting through the P3P2 valve port and the P1P4 valve port of the four-way two-position valve, that is, the power battery is cooled by the radiator or the power battery is thermally insulated by the electric drive temperature control system. The valve control system 400 realizes the parallel connection of the power battery system and the electric drive temperature control system by conducting through the P3P4 valve port and the P1P2 valve port of the four-way two-position valve, that is, the waste heat of the electric drive is recovered and the power battery is not coupled, or the power battery is quickly cooled, or the temperature of the power battery is equalized.

[0072] Furthermore, the valve control system 400 conducts for electric drive heat dissipation through the AB valve port of the four-way four-position valve 24, that is, the ambient temperature is relatively high, there is no need for waste heat recovery, and there is no need for radiator cooling or thermal insulation of the power battery 21. The valve control system 400 conducts for waste heat recovery of the electric drive or battery thermal insulation through the CB valve port of the four-way four-position valve 24, that is, at this time, the ambient temperature is extremely low and the coolant temperature in the electric drive circuit is also very low.

[0073] The valve control system 400 conducts through the CD valve port of the four-way four-position valve 24 to cool the power battery 21 by using the radiator 28, that is, the passenger compartment air conditioning system 300 has a waste heat recovery requirement, and the water temperature of the electric drive temperature control system 200 is relatively high, and the vehicle controller 500 determines that waste heat recovery can be carried out; or the passenger compartment air conditioning system 300 has no waste heat recovery requirement, but the water temperature of the electric drive temperature control system 200 can thermally insulate the power battery 21. The valve control system 400 conducts through the AD valve port of the four-way four-position valve 24 to cool the power battery 21, that is, the power battery 21 has a cooling requirement, and the ambient temperature is relatively low, and the vehicle controller 500 determines that the radiator 28 can be used to cool the power battery 21.

[0074] Furthermore, the valve control system 400 distributes heat in different proportions to the heating circuit and the battery temperature control circuit through the electric proportional three-way valve 12. When there is a request for heating the power battery 21 and in the charging condition, since the priority of heating the power battery 21 is higher than that of heating the passenger compartment. At this time, the electric proportional three-way valve 12 is fully opened to heat the power battery 21 to quickly increase the temperature of the power battery 21, thereby reducing the charging time. In the non-charging driving condition, the priority of passenger compartment comfort is higher than that of heating the power battery 21. At this time, through comfort calibration, the position of the electric proportional three-way valve 12 is determined.

[0075] The vehicle thermal management system for pure electric vehicles based on heat pumps in the embodiments of the present invention realizes the recovery of waste heat from the electric drive and / or battery heat by the heat pump air conditioner through the combined switching of a four-way four-way valve and a two-way four-way valve; when the temperature of the electric drive system is not high, the electric drive temperature control system and the battery temperature control system are connected in series to realize the heat preservation of the power battery; when the battery needs to be cooled in a medium-temperature environment, the electric drive temperature control system and the battery temperature control system are connected in series to realize the cooling of the power battery by using the front radiator; at the same time, through the use of an electric proportional three-way valve on the heating side, the power battery heating and the passenger compartment heating share the water heater, realizing the mutual transfer of heat among the three systems of the passenger compartment air conditioner, battery temperature control, and electric drive temperature control, reducing the system cost and the vehicle energy loss, improving the vehicle operation efficiency, and increasing the low-temperature cruising range of pure electric vehicles.

[0076] The modes of mutual transfer of heat among the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system, and the passenger compartment air conditioner system include the following implementation manners:

[0077] Among them, the modes of mutual transfer of heat between the battery temperature control system and the passenger compartment air conditioner system include the battery heating mode and the battery fast cooling mode.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 3 , in the battery heating mode, the passenger compartment air conditioner system 300 heats the battery temperature control system 100. The passenger compartment air conditioner system 300 includes a first electric water pump 14, a water-cooled condenser 2, a water heater 11, and a heater core 13 that are sequentially connected to form a warm air circuit. Among them, the electric proportional three-way 12 valve is provided between the water heater 11 and the heater core 13. The battery temperature control system 100 includes an expansion tank 18, a second electric water pump 19, a water heat exchanger 15, a power battery 21, and a cooler 16 that are sequentially connected to form a battery temperature control circuit. Among them, the two-way four-way valve 23 is provided between the power battery 21 and the cooler 16. The warm air circuit transfers heat to the temperature control circuit through the water heat exchanger 15 as a heat source to heat the power battery 21.

[0079] Specifically, when the temperature of the power battery 21 is lower than the first preset value, to improve the performance of the power battery 21, it is necessary to heat it. At this time, the water heater 11 in the warm air circuit is used as the heat source, and the heat is transferred to the battery temperature control circuit through the water heat exchanger 15. The high-temperature coolant flows through the power battery 21 to heat the power battery. Among them, the temperature and flow rate of the coolant can be determined according to the temperature difference between the current temperature of the power battery 21 and the standard power battery temperature. The priority of power battery temperature control is cooling, heating, and temperature equalization. It can be understood that by sharing the water heater 11 for power battery 21 heating and passenger compartment heating, the mutual transfer of heat between the passenger compartment air conditioning system 300 and the battery temperature control system 100 is realized, reducing the overall vehicle energy loss while improving the efficiency of power battery heating.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 4 , and the battery fast cooling mode is that the passenger compartment air conditioning system 300 cools the battery temperature control system 100. The passenger compartment air conditioning system 300 includes a water-cooled condenser 2, a heating electronic expansion valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, a one-way check valve 5, a cooling electronic expansion valve 17, a cooler 16, a liquid receiver 8, and an electric compressor 1 connected in sequence to form a cooling circuit. The battery temperature control system includes an expansion tank 18, a second electric water pump 19, a water heat exchanger 15, a power battery 21, and a cooler 16 connected in sequence to form a battery temperature control circuit. Among them, the two-position four-way valve 23 is arranged between the power battery 21 and the cooler 16. The cooler 16 acts as an evaporator to absorb heat, reduce the temperature of the coolant, and circulate the low-temperature coolant to the temperature control circuit to quickly cool the power battery 21.

[0081] Specifically, when the temperature of the power battery 21 is higher than the second preset value, to improve the performance of the power battery 21, it is necessary to quickly cool it. At this time, the cooler 16 in the cooling circuit is used as an evaporator to absorb heat, the temperature of the coolant decreases, and the low-temperature coolant circulates in the battery temperature control circuit, thereby realizing the quick cooling of the power battery 21. It can be understood that through the heat exchange between power battery 21 refrigeration and passenger compartment refrigeration, the mutual transfer of heat between the passenger compartment air conditioning system and the battery temperature control system is realized, reducing the overall vehicle energy loss while improving the efficiency of power battery cooling.

[0082] Among them, the modes of mutual heat transfer between the battery temperature control system 100 and the electric drive temperature control system 200 include a battery heat preservation mode and a battery slow cooling mode.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 5, the battery insulation mode is that the electric drive temperature control system 200 keeps the battery temperature control system 100 warm. The electric drive temperature control system 200 includes a third electric water pump 25 and an electric drive system 26 which are connected in sequence to form a first electric drive circuit. Among them, the four-position four-way valve 24 is connected to the electric drive system 26. The battery temperature control system 100 includes an expansion water tank 18, a second electric water pump 19, a water heat exchanger 15, a power battery 21 and a cooler 16 which are connected in sequence to form a battery temperature control circuit. Among them, the two-position four-way valve 23 is arranged between the power battery 21 and the cooler 16. The first electric drive circuit is connected in series with the battery temperature control circuit, and the heat generated when the first electric drive circuit is working is transferred to the battery temperature control circuit through the cooler 16 to keep the power battery 21 warm.

[0084] Specifically, the P1P4 valve port and the P2P3 valve port of the two-position four-way valve 23 in the valve control system 400 are connected, the CD valve port of the four-position four-way valve 24 in the valve control system 400 is connected, the electric drive temperature control circuit is connected in series with the first electric drive circuit, and the heat generated when the first electric drive circuit is working is transferred to the coolant and released to the power battery 21 when flowing through the power battery 21, thereby compensating for the heat dissipated into the air by the power battery 21, and keeping the power battery 21 warm to a certain extent.

[0085] See also Figure 6 , the battery slow cooling mode is that the electric drive temperature control system 200 slowly cools the battery temperature control system 100. The electric drive temperature control system 200 includes a third electric water pump 25, an electric drive system 26 and a radiator 28 which are sequentially connected to form a second electric drive circuit. Among them, the four-position four-way valve 24 is arranged between the electric drive system 26 and the radiator 28. The battery temperature control system 100 includes an expansion water tank 18, a second electric water pump 19, a water heat exchanger 15, a power battery 21 and a cooler 16 which are sequentially connected to form a battery temperature control circuit. Among them, the two-position four-way valve 23 is arranged between the power battery 21 and the cooler 16.

[0086] Specifically, the P1P4 valve port and the P2P3 valve port of the two-position four-way valve 23 in the valve control system 400 are connected, the AD valve port of the four-position four-way valve 24 in the valve control system 400 is connected, the electric drive temperature control circuit is connected in series with the second electric drive circuit, the radiator 28 is connected in series with the electric drive system 26 and the power battery 21, and when the coolant flows through the radiator 28, the heat is released into the external environment, the temperature of the coolant drops, and the low-temperature coolant circulates to the temperature control circuit to slowly cool the power battery 21.

[0087] See also Figure 7 The mode of heat transfer between the battery temperature control system 100, the electric drive temperature control system 200 and the passenger compartment air conditioning system 300 includes a waste heat recovery mode.

[0088] Among them, the electric drive temperature control system 200 includes a third electric water pump 25 and an electric drive system 26 that are connected in sequence to form a first electric drive loop. Among them, the four-way four-way valve 24 is connected to the electric drive system 26. The battery temperature control system 100 includes an expansion tank 18, a second electric water pump 19, a water heat exchanger 15, a power battery 21, and a cooler 16 that are connected in sequence to form a battery temperature control loop. The two-way four-way valve 23 is provided between the power battery 21 and the cooler 16. The occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 is connected in sequence to form a heat pump loop including a water-cooled condenser 2, a first electromagnetic switch valve 9, a cooling electronic expansion valve 17, a cooler 16, a liquid receiver 8, and an electric compressor 1, and a warm air loop including a first electric water pump 14, a water-cooled condenser 2, a water heater 11, and a warm air core 13. Among them, the electric proportional three-way valve 12 is provided between the water heater 11 and the warm air core 13. A high-pressure pressure sensor 29 is provided at the water-cooled condenser 2, and a low-pressure pressure sensor 30 is provided at the cooler 16. When the heating of the heat pump loop is insufficient, the coolant of the first electric drive loop and / or the battery temperature control loop flows through the cooler 16, and the cooler 16 releases the heat absorbed on the coolant side to the warm air loop through the water-cooled condenser 2.

[0089] Specifically, during air conditioning heating, the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 requests to enter the waste heat recovery mode according to the ambient temperature and the refrigerant circuit state. Generally, when the ambient temperature or the pressure on the low-pressure side of the refrigerant measured by the low-pressure pressure sensor 30 is lower than a certain value, a request is made to enter this mode. It should be noted that although the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 requests to enter this mode, whether the vehicle controller 500 responds to enter this mode depends on the coolant temperature of the electric drive temperature control system 200. Specifically, when the coolant temperature of the electric drive temperature control system 200 is low, this mode request will not be responded to and feedback will be given to the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300. It can be understood that in a low-temperature environment, when the heat pump heating of the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 is insufficient, the waste heat of the electric drive and the heat of the battery temperature control system are recovered to improve the heating capacity and efficiency. At this time, the coolant in the electric drive temperature control system 200 and the battery temperature control system 100 flows through the cooler 16, and the cooler 16 acts as an evaporator. When the refrigerant flows through the cooler 16, it absorbs the heat on the coolant side and transports it into the occupant compartment, and releases the heat to the heating water circuit through the water-cooled condenser 2.

[0090] The modes in which heat circulates by itself in the battery temperature control system 100, the electric drive temperature control system 200, and the occupant compartment air conditioning system 300 include a battery equalization temperature mode, an electric drive cooling mode, an electric drive warm-up mode, an air conditioning refrigeration mode, and an air conditioning heating mode.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 8, the battery temperature control system 100 in the battery temperature equalization mode includes a second electric water pump 19, a water heat exchanger 15, and a power battery 21 that are connected in sequence to form a loop; among them, the two-position four-way valve 23 is between the power battery 21 and the second electric water pump. It can be understood that the coolant undergoes a heat cycle under the push of the second electric water pump 19 to improve the temperature equalization of the power battery 21.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 9 , the electric drive temperature control system 200 in the electric drive cooling mode includes a third electric water pump 25, an electric drive system 26, and a radiator 28 that are connected in sequence to form a loop. Among them, the four-position four-way valve 24 is provided between the electric drive system 26 and the radiator 28. It can be understood that when the coolant flows through the radiator 28, heat is released to the external environment, the temperature of the coolant drops, and the low-temperature coolant flows through the electric drive system 26 to cool the electric drive system 26.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 10 , the electric drive temperature control system 200 in the electric drive warm-up mode includes a third electric water pump 25 and an electric drive system 26 that are connected in sequence to form a loop. Among them, the four-position four-way valve 24 is connected to the electric drive system 26. It can be understood that the coolant undergoes a heat cycle under the push of the third electric water pump 25 to improve the temperature equalization of the power battery 21.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 11 , the passenger compartment air conditioning system 300 in the air conditioning refrigeration mode includes a water-cooled condenser 2, a heating electronic expansion valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, a one-way check valve 5, a passenger compartment refrigeration electronic expansion valve 6, a passenger compartment evaporator 7, a liquid receiver 8, and an electric compressor 1 that are connected in sequence to form a loop. It can be understood that the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1 and is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, condensed into a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid by the water-cooled condenser 2, throttled and depressurized by the passenger compartment refrigeration electronic expansion valve 3, and then evaporated and absorbs heat in the passenger compartment evaporator 7 to refrigerate the passenger compartment.

[0095] The air conditioning heating mode includes a PTC heating mode and a heat pump heating mode.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 12 , the passenger compartment air conditioning system 300 in the PTC heating mode includes a first electric water pump 14, a water-cooled condenser 2, a water heater 11, and a heater core 13 that are connected in sequence to form a loop. Among them, the electric proportional three-way valve 12 is provided between the water heater 11 and the heater core 13. It can be understood that the water heater 11 serves as a heat source to heat the coolant, and the high-temperature coolant circulates through the heater core 13 to achieve heat storage of the electric drive system.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 13, in the passenger compartment air conditioning system 300 in the heat pump heating mode, it includes a water-cooled condenser 2, a heating electronic expansion valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, a second electromagnetic switching valve 10, a liquid receiver 8 and an electric compressor 1 that are connected in sequence to form a loop, and a first electric water pump 14, a water-cooled condenser 2, a water heater 11 and a heater core 13 that are connected in sequence to form a loop. It can be understood that in the refrigeration reverse cycle of the passenger compartment air conditioning system, the heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger 4 from the environment and the heat provided by the compressor 1 are released to the coolant through the water-cooled condenser 2, and the high-temperature coolant circulates through the heater core 13 to heat the passenger compartment.

[0098] In summary, for the pure electric vehicle integrated thermal management system based on heat pump provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the combination switching of the four-way four-way valve and the two-way four-way valve realizes the recovery of waste heat from the electric drive and / or the recovery of battery heat by the heat pump air conditioner; when the temperature of the electric drive system is not high, the electric drive temperature control system and the battery temperature control system are connected in series to realize the heat preservation of the power battery; when the battery needs to be cooled in a medium-temperature environment, the electric drive temperature control system and the battery temperature control system are connected in series to realize the cooling of the power battery by using the front radiator; at the same time, by using the electric proportional three-way valve on the heating side, the water heater is shared for heating the power battery and heating the passenger compartment, realizing the mutual transfer of heat among the three systems of the passenger compartment air conditioning, battery temperature control, and electric drive temperature control, reducing the system cost, improving the overall vehicle operation efficiency, and increasing the low-temperature cruising range of the pure electric vehicle.

[0099] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and deformations can be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-integrated thermal management system for pure electric vehicles based on heat pumps, applicable to pure electric vehicles equipped with liquid-cooled battery systems, Characterized in that, It includes: A battery temperature control system for regulating the temperature of the power battery; An electric drive temperature control system for regulating the temperature of the electric drive system; An occupant compartment air conditioning system for regulating the temperature of the occupant compartment; The valve control system includes a first valve, a second valve and a third valve. The first valve is used to control the on-off between the occupant compartment air conditioning system and the battery temperature control system according to a control signal; The second valve is connected to the third valve and is used to control the on-off among the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system and the occupant compartment air conditioning system according to a control signal; A vehicle controller for controlling the conduction states of the first valve, the second valve and the third valve in the valve control system according to thermal management information, so that heat is transferred between the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system and the occupant compartment air conditioning system or performs self-circulation in each system; The first valve is an electric proportional three-way valve, the second valve is a two-position four-way valve, and the third valve is a four-position four-way valve; The modes of heat transfer between the battery temperature control system and the occupant compartment air conditioning system include a battery heating mode and a battery fast cooling mode; The battery heating mode is that the occupant compartment air conditioning system heats the battery temperature control system; The occupant compartment air conditioning system includes a first electric water pump, a water-cooled condenser, a water heater and a heater core that are connected in sequence to form a warm air circuit; Among them, the electric proportional three-way valve is arranged between the water heater and the heater core; The battery temperature control system includes an expansion tank, a second electric water pump, a water heat exchanger, a power battery and a cooler that are connected in sequence to form a battery temperature control circuit; Among them, the two-position four-way valve is arranged between the power battery and the cooler; The warm air circuit transfers heat to the temperature control circuit through the water heat exchanger as a heat source to heat the power battery.

2. The vehicle-integrated thermal management system for pure electric vehicles based on heat pumps according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The battery fast cooling mode is that the occupant compartment air conditioning system cools the battery temperature control system; The occupant compartment air conditioning system includes a water-cooled condenser, a heating electronic expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a one-way check valve, a cooling electronic expansion valve, a cooler, a liquid receiver and an electric compressor that are connected in sequence to form a cooling circuit; The cooler acts as an evaporator to absorb heat, reduce the temperature of the coolant, and circulate the low-temperature coolant to the temperature control circuit to quickly cool the power battery.

3. The vehicle-integrated thermal management system for pure electric vehicles based on heat pumps according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The modes of heat transfer between the battery temperature control system and the electric drive temperature control system include a battery heat preservation mode and a battery slow cooling mode.

4. The vehicle-integrated thermal management system for pure electric vehicles based on heat pumps according to claim 3, Characterized in that, The battery heat preservation mode is that the electric drive temperature control system keeps the battery temperature control system warm; The electric drive temperature control system includes a third electric water pump and an electric drive system that are connected in sequence to form a first electric drive circuit; Among them, the four-position four-way valve is connected to the electric drive system; The first electric drive circuit is connected in series with the battery temperature control circuit. When the first electric drive circuit operates, the heat generated is transferred to the battery temperature control circuit through a cooler to keep the power battery warm.

5. The whole vehicle thermal management system of a pure electric vehicle based on a heat pump as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the slow cooling mode of the battery is that the electric drive temperature control system slowly cools the battery temperature control system; the electric drive temperature control system includes a third electric water pump and an electric drive system radiator that are sequentially connected to form a second electric drive circuit; wherein, the four-way four-way valve is arranged between the electric drive system and the radiator; The second electric drive circuit is connected in series with the battery temperature control circuit. When the coolant flows through the radiator, heat is released to the external environment, the temperature of the coolant drops, and the low-temperature coolant circulates to the temperature control circuit to slowly cool the power battery.

6. The whole vehicle thermal management system of a pure electric vehicle based on a heat pump as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the modes of heat transfer among the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system and the passenger compartment air conditioning system include a waste heat recovery mode; the electric drive temperature control system includes a third electric water pump and an electric drive system that are sequentially connected to form a first electric drive circuit; wherein the four-way four-way valve is connected to the electric drive system; the passenger compartment air conditioning system sequentially includes a water-cooled condenser, a first electromagnetic switch valve, a cooling electronic expansion valve, a cooler, a liquid receiver and an electric compressor that form a heat pump circuit, and a first electric water pump, a water-cooled condenser, a water heater and a warm air core that are sequentially connected to form a warm air circuit; wherein, the electric proportional three-way valve is arranged between the water heater and the warm air core; When the heating of the heat pump circuit is insufficient, the coolant of the first electric drive circuit and / or the battery temperature control circuit flows through the cooler, and the cooler releases the heat absorbed on the coolant side to the warm air circuit through the water-cooled condenser.

7. The whole vehicle thermal management system of a pure electric vehicle based on a heat pump as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the modes of self-circulation of heat in the battery temperature control system, the electric drive temperature control system and the passenger compartment air conditioning system respectively include a battery temperature equalization mode, an electric drive cooling mode, an electric drive warm-up mode, an air conditioning refrigeration mode and an air conditioning heating mode.

8. The whole vehicle thermal management system of a pure electric vehicle based on a heat pump as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the battery temperature control system in the battery temperature equalization mode includes a second electric water pump, a water heat exchanger and a power battery that are sequentially connected to form a circuit; wherein, the two-way four-way valve is arranged between the power battery and the second electric water pump; the coolant performs a heat cycle under the push of the second electric water pump to improve the temperature equalization of the power battery.

9. The whole vehicle thermal management system of a pure electric vehicle based on a heat pump as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the electric drive temperature control system in the electric drive cooling mode includes a third electric water pump, an electric drive system and a radiator that are sequentially connected to form a circuit; wherein, the four-way four-way valve is arranged between the electric drive system and the radiator; when the coolant flows through the radiator, heat is released to the external environment, the temperature of the coolant drops, and the low-temperature coolant flows through the electric drive system to cool the electric drive system.

10. The vehicle thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle based on a heat pump as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, the electric drive temperature control system in the electric drive warm-up mode includes a third electric water pump and an electric drive system which are connected in sequence to form a loop; wherein, the four-way four-port valve is connected to the electric drive system; the coolant performs a heat cycle under the push of the third electric water pump to achieve heat storage of the electric drive system.

11. The vehicle thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle based on a heat pump as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, the passenger compartment air conditioning system in the air conditioning cooling mode includes a water-cooled condenser, a heating electronic expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a one-way check valve, an electronic expansion valve for passenger compartment refrigeration, a passenger compartment evaporator, a liquid receiver and an electric compressor which are connected in sequence to form a loop; the refrigerant flows through the compressor and is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, condensed into a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid through the outdoor heat exchanger, throttled and depressurized by the heating electronic expansion valve for passenger compartment refrigeration, and then evaporated and absorbed heat in the passenger compartment evaporator to cool the passenger compartment.

12. The vehicle thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle based on a heat pump as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, the air conditioning heating mode includes a PTC heating mode and a heat pump heating mode; the passenger compartment air conditioning system in the PTC heating mode includes a first electric water pump, a water-cooled condenser, a water heater and a heater core which are connected in sequence to form a loop; wherein, the electric proportional three-way valve is arranged between the water heater and the heater core; the water heater is used as a heat source to heat the coolant, and the high-temperature coolant circulates through the heater core to heat the passenger compartment; the passenger compartment air conditioning system in the heat pump heating mode includes a water-cooled condenser, a heating electronic expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a second electromagnetic switch valve, a liquid receiver and an electric compressor which are connected in sequence to form a loop, and a first electric water pump, a water-cooled condenser, a water heater and a heater core which are connected in sequence to form a loop; the passenger compartment air conditioning system performs a reverse refrigeration cycle, and the heat absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger from the environment and the heat provided by the compressor are released to the coolant through the water-cooled condenser, and the high-temperature coolant circulates through the heater core to heat the passenger compartment.

13. The vehicle thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle based on a heat pump as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, temperature sensors for obtaining the temperature of the coolant flowing through the power battery are respectively arranged at both ends of the power battery; a water temperature sensor is arranged between the electric drive system and the four-way four-port valve; a high-pressure pressure sensor is arranged at the water-cooled condenser, and a low-pressure pressure sensor is arranged at the cooler.

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