Greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model and method based on cellular automata

Abstract

The present invention discloses a greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model and method based on cellular automata. The model adopts a finite square grid with an 8-neighbor constant-value boundary. The horizontal and vertical movement of water in the greenhouse soil is simulated through a cellular automaton model. The VM matrix is ​​used to express and reflect the spatial arrangement of vegetation in the simulation area, the soil is stratified, and the moisture content of each soil layer in the simulation area is expressed through the SM matrix. The model assumes that after artificial watering, the water body undergoes at least four processes: flow, infiltration, vegetation absorption, and evaporation. By updating the water content of each cell according to the above processes, the simulation of soil water movement is achieved. The present invention can simulate the spatial and temporal distribution of soil water movement, realize the optimal selection of the water replenishment function or the optimal soil parameters, and realize the full-area prediction of greenhouse soil water changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrological models, and in particular to a greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model and method based on cellular automata. Background Art

[0002] Soil moisture movement is a complex physical process, influenced by factors such as soil properties, initial soil moisture content, precipitation, underlying surface properties, precipitation intensity, and water temperature. Its infiltration capacity varies depending on soil properties. Currently, soil moisture change predictions rely on the relationship between measured data and soil moisture content variations. However, these methods are complex and lack robustness.

[0003] Greenhouses, also known as greenhouses, were originally constructed to prevent crop yields from extreme cold weather. With the continuous development of greenhouse technology, greenhouse systems have enabled efficient crop cultivation in areas with low temperatures or harsh environments, playing a vital role in agricultural production. Due to the unique nature and importance of greenhouse systems, there has been a significant amount of research on greenhouses, but relatively little research has examined soil moisture movement within greenhouses. Furthermore, while there has been extensive research exploring soil moisture movement within greenhouses, few studies have focused on greenhouse systems. Given the unique nature of greenhouse systems and the limited research on soil moisture movement within these systems, exploring and analyzing soil moisture movement within greenhouses is of considerable research significance.

[0004] With the development of computer technology and the improvement of its corresponding computing power, the corresponding mathematical calculation models can be used to study the soil moisture flow and dissipation of soil moisture movement, so as to better analyze the spatial distribution and spatiotemporal changes of soil water bodies within a large regional scale. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above background, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to develop a greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model and method based on cellular automata, which is used to simulate and analyze the distribution of soil moisture at different times, help greenhouse planting achieve precise irrigation, improve greenhouse agricultural water use efficiency, and save water resources.

[0006] A greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model based on cellular automata includes a cellular automata model of a finite square grid with an 8-neighbor constant-value boundary, which is used to simulate the movement process of water spreading to the surrounding areas in the greenhouse soil; the VM matrix is ​​used to express and reflect the actual size, environment and vegetation arrangement of the simulation area, and the soil is divided into different soil layers and the SM matrix is ​​used to express the moisture content of each soil layer in the simulation area. It is assumed that after artificial watering, the water body undergoes at least four processes: flow, infiltration, vegetation absorption and evaporation. By updating the water content of each cell according to the above four processes, the simulation of soil water movement is achieved.

[0007] The present invention is applicable to various plants grown in a greenhouse or a limited space, and the water supply method for the plants is regular artificial water supply.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A greenhouse soil moisture dissipation simulation method based on cellular automata comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1: Establish the matrix VM according to the actual size, environment and vegetation arrangement of the simulation area;

[0011] S2: Soil layers at a certain depth are stratified based on human experience or reference to relevant literature, and the initial moisture content matrix SM of each soil layer is established;

[0012] S3: Determine the mathematical formula for the change of water volume in each soil layer and the soil infiltration, flow parameters and other related parameters of each soil layer through experiments, empirical parameters or reference to relevant literature.

[0013] S4: Calculate the water content of each soil layer in sequence according to the preset mathematical formula for the change of water content in each soil layer, thereby updating the water content matrix;

[0014] S5: If the soil moisture matrix shows a negative value, the water replenishment amount (W), soil flow and infiltration parameters, etc. must be modified, and S4 is repeated. If there are other special needs, the water replenishment amount, soil flow and infiltration parameters, etc. can be modified, and S4 is repeated;

[0015] S6: Repeat steps S1 to S5 according to the preset number of iterations. Stop running when the number of runs exceeds the set number of iterations, which means that the simulation of the soil water changes in the simulation area is completed. At this time, the soil moisture content or other related parameter values ​​at each iteration moment can be selectively output according to the purpose of use.

[0016] The VM matrix in step S1 has only three values: -1, 0, and 1. -1 indicates that the area contains neither vegetation nor soil, 0 indicates that the area contains soil, and 1 indicates that the area contains vegetation or the soil water permeability is very poor and no vegetation is planted.

[0017] The [water content matrix] in step S2 is a non-negative matrix, that is, no negative values ​​can appear in the matrix.

[0018] The [water content matrix] in step S2 contains one in each soil layer and exists independently. The row and column sizes of the water content matrix are equal to those of the VM matrix.

[0019] The individual values ​​in the matrices of steps S1 and S2 are also called cells.

[0020] The meanings of [permeation] and [flow] in step S3 are different from the commonly used word meanings. [Permeation] and [flow] are similar to radial flow and longitudinal flow, with I representing permeation and F representing flow.

[0021] The term "infiltration" refers to the flow of water from a lower soil layer to a higher soil layer within a vertical space within an area the size of a cell.

[0022] The "flow" refers to the flow of soil moisture from a cell located at the center of an 8-neighbor space to the soil of the same soil layer within the 8-neighbor space.

[0023] The [8-neighbor space] refers to the 8 cell spaces surrounding a single cell of the matrix: directly above, upper left, upper right, directly left, directly right, directly below, lower left, and lower right.

[0024] After the soil is stratified in step S2, another layer of soil needs to be added, which is called the unusable layer (N layer).

[0025] The [N layer] is an abstract layer that represents very deep soil layers, or places where infiltration and flow do not exist, such as the outside of a container holding vegetation.

[0026] Except for the N layer, all soil layers have an upper limit on water content and corresponding infiltration parameters and flow parameters.

[0027] The soil infiltration, flow parameters and other related parameters described in step S3 are determined based on a preset mathematical formula for the change in water volume in each soil layer.

[0028] The [pre-set mathematical formula for the change in water volume in each soil layer] is a mathematical formula determined artificially through experiments, experience or references, and should include relevant formulas for water extraction, evaporation, infiltration and flow. Other relevant calculation formulas can be added if necessary.

[0029] The [water extraction formula] refers to the water transfer function in the process of vegetation absorbing water from the corresponding soil.

[0030] The [evaporation formula] refers to the water transfer function during the evaporation of water from vegetation itself or the evaporation of water from soil.

[0031] The [Permeation Formula] refers to the water transfer function during the permeation process, as shown in the attached Figure 3 , the initial water content of the central cell is 9, and 7 units of water are transferred to the cells in the 8-neighbor space. The water transfer function in the process is the infiltration formula.

[0032] The [flow formula] refers to the water transfer function during the flow process, as shown in the attached Figure 4, the initial water content of the cells in the lower layer is 9, and 2 units of water are transferred to the cells in the higher layer. The water transfer function in the process is the infiltration formula.

[0033] The "calculate in sequence" in step S4 means starting from the soil layer with the lowest depth and proceeding to the soil layers with higher depths, and finally to the Nth layer.

[0034] The "special needs" in step S5 refer to a manually determined need. For example, if the soil moisture content is less than 14%, it is considered necessary to modify the water replenishment amount, soil flow, and infiltration parameters. Therefore, the water replenishment amount, soil flow, and infiltration parameters are modified, and S4 is repeated.

[0035] [Modify water replenishment volume, soil flow and infiltration parameters, etc.] in step S5 means that only a single parameter can be modified, or multiple parameters can be modified.

[0036] Furthermore, step S1 is implemented as follows:

[0037] Determine the matrix accuracy based on the actual situation of the simulation area, such as each cell in the matrix corresponds to a range of 1m*1m;

[0038] According to the environment and vegetation arrangement of the simulation area, a corresponding a*b matrix is ​​established, and -1, 0 and 1 are used to represent the presence or absence of soil and vegetation respectively.

[0039] Furthermore, step S2 is implemented as follows:

[0040] Soil layers at a certain depth are stratified based on human experience or reference to relevant literature. For example, in a 3-meter-deep soil layer, the 0-1m-deep soil layer is the first layer, the 1-2m-deep soil layer is the second layer, and the 2-3m-deep soil layer is the third layer.

[0041] Establish the initial moisture content matrix of each soil layer. For example, if three soil layers are stratified in S1, establish three moisture content matrices of equal size to record the moisture content of the three soil layers respectively.

[0042] Furthermore, step S3 is implemented as follows:

[0043] Determine mathematical formulas for changes in water content in each soil layer through experiments, empirical parameters, or reference to relevant literature, including but not limited to formulas for evaporation, water extraction, infiltration, and flow;

[0044] Based on the mathematical formula for the change of soil water volume that has been determined, the soil infiltration, flow parameters and other related parameters of each soil layer are determined through experiments, empirical parameters or reference to relevant literature.

[0045] Furthermore, step S4 is implemented as follows:

[0046] By using the preset mathematical formula for the change of water content in each soil layer, the water content of each soil layer is calculated in turn, that is, the water content matrix is ​​updated;

[0047] First, in the first soil layer, the water content matrix is ​​updated according to the formulas for evaporation, water extraction, infiltration, and flow. The order in which the formulas are executed is determined by the model user.

[0048] Calculations based on VM matrix-assisted evaporation, water extraction, infiltration, flow and other formulas;

[0049] The calculation method is similar to that of the first soil layer, and the moisture content matrix of subsequent deeper soil layers is updated in this way until the Nth layer.

[0050] Furthermore, step S5 is implemented as follows:

[0051] If a negative value appears in the soil moisture matrix, the water supply volume, soil flow and infiltration parameters must be modified, and S4 must be repeated. For example, if the water content of a cell is 2, when the vegetation draws 5 units of water from the corresponding cell, a negative value will appear in the matrix. In this case, the water supply volume, soil flow and infiltration parameters must be modified, and S4 must be repeated.

[0052] If there are other special needs, the water replenishment volume, soil flow and infiltration parameters can be modified and S4 can be repeated.

[0053] Furthermore, step S6 is implemented as follows:

[0054] Repeat steps S1 to S5 according to a preset number of iterations;

[0055] When the number of runs exceeds the set number of iterations, the run stops, which means that the simulation of the soil and water changes in the simulation area is completed;

[0056] According to the purpose of use, the soil moisture content at each iteration moment, i.e., the moisture matrix, can be selectively output, or the final revised value of the relevant parameters at each iteration moment in S5 can be output, or other relevant parameter values ​​can be output.

[0057] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0058] (1) The present invention proposes the new concepts of [permeation] and [flow]. Based on the above two processes, the relevant permeation formula and flow formula are determined, which can obtain relevant parameters in a targeted and directionally manner, simplifying the experimental process;

[0059] (2) The simulation model and simulation process of the present invention can observe the changes of soil water after evaporation, gravity infiltration and capillary action, and realize the full process reflection of the dynamic changes of soil water.

[0060] (3) The present invention can realize the full-region prediction of soil water changes.

[0061] (4) The present invention can achieve full-region prediction of the spatial distribution of soil water bodies, or obtain the optimal solution of the parameters by repeatedly modifying the relevant parameters in step S5, thereby guiding agricultural production and related scientific research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a VM matrix in the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the 8-neighbor space in the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the path of horizontal flow of soil moisture in the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the soil water infiltration path in the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a simulation method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the TSW, USW, and NSW matrices in an embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to A, B, and C in the figure, respectively;

[0068] Figure 7 are the optimized values ​​of W0 and W1 of a single cell obtained by modifying only the parameter W1 in the embodiment of the present invention, and AW is the water absorption function of vegetation on a single cell;

[0069] Figure 8 are the optimized values ​​of W0 and W1 of a single cell obtained by modifying only the parameter W0 in the embodiment of the present invention, and AW is the water absorption function of vegetation on a single cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] Below is a combination of the embodiment and Figures 1 to 8 The present invention is further described.

[0072] The purpose of this embodiment is to determine the minimum water replenishment required for the simulation area by setting the water replenishment amount to 0 at each iteration moment and revising it repeatedly in step S5. The implementation flow chart of the embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 6 , the specific steps are as follows:

[0073] S1: Establish Figure 1 The VM matrix shown.

[0074] S2: In this embodiment, the soil at a certain depth is divided into three layers, namely the T layer, U layer, and N layer from low to high depth; moisture content matrices TSW, USW, and NSW matrices are established to record the soil moisture content of the T layer, U layer, and N layer respectively.

[0075] The initial values ​​of the TSW, USW and NSW matrices and their schematic diagrams are shown in Figure 6 ;

[0076] S3: For the region where the embodiment is located, the mathematical formula for the change in water content in each soil layer is as follows:

[0077] VM i，j =-1{SWT i，j t =SWU i，j t =SWN i，j t =0

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] In formula (1), the bracket on the right indicates that the change of the formula occurs in the specified soil layer, t refers to the current iteration time of the model, △, ○, ◇, ◎, It is an intermediate variable and has no practical significance. W0 refers to the i，j = 0, the artificial decision of the soil water supply or water supply function, W1 refers to the water supply for VM i，j =1 is the artificially determined water replenishment amount or water replenishment function of the soil, GSD refers to the time change point when the vegetation roots grow to a certain soil layer, and AW is the amount of water absorbed by the vegetation from the soil.

[0081] In formula (1), EWT and EWTG are the soil water evaporation in the T layer (VM = 0) and the T layer (VM = 1), respectively. The specific calculation formula is:

[0082] EWT i，j t =EWTG i，j t =0.28SWT i，j t (2)

[0083] EWT i，j t =EWTG i，j t =0.28SWT i，j t EWT i，j t =EWTG i，j t =0.28SWT i，j t In formula (1), FWT, FWU, FWTG, and FWUG are the water volumes in the cells in the T layer (VM = 0), U layer (VM = 0), T layer (VM = 1), and U layer (VM = 1), respectively. The specific calculation formulas are as follows:

[0084]

[0085] In formula (3), M represents the cell surrounded by the 8-neighbor space, 1-8 refers to the cells at the top, top left, top right, top left, top right, bottom, bottom left, and bottom right positions in the 8-neighbor space, and k a→b The flow of cell a refers to the amount of water in the cell, k a→b The calculation formula is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] In formula (4), SW x Refers to the water content of x cells. F is the flow coefficient. After dividing the soil layer into three layers, α F Can be divided into α FT , α FU , α FTG and α FUG , corresponding to the flow coefficients of cells in the T layer (VM=0), U layer (VM=0), T layer (VM=1), and U layer (VM=1).

[0088] In formula (1), IWT, IWU, IWTG, and IWUG are the water volumes in the cells in the T layer (VM = 0), U layer (VM = 0), T layer (VM = 1), and U layer (VM = 1), respectively. The specific calculation formulas are as follows:

[0089]

[0090] In formula (5), IW a→b Refers to the amount of water that penetrates from cell a to cell b, SW x Refers to the water content of x cells, C b Refers to the field water holding capacity of cell b, UL bRefers to the maximum water content of cell b, α I Is the permeability coefficient. After dividing the soil layer into three layers, the field water holding capacity only needs to be calculated at IWT, so only the field water holding capacity C of the U layer is calculated. U , C U It is known that α is 0.07. I Can be divided into α IT , α IU , α ITG and α IUG , corresponding to the permeability coefficients of cells in the T layer (VM=0), U layer (VM=0), T layer (VM=1), and U layer (VM=1), respectively.

[0091] The relevant parameters mentioned above are shown in the following table:

[0092] Table 1

[0093]

[0094] In Table 1, all parameters are dimensionless. ULT is the upper limit of the water content of a single cell in the soil layer U, and ULU is the upper limit of the water content of a single cell in the soil layer U. The values ​​of ULT and ULU are the same, so the two parameters are written in the same grid. max Refers to the maximum number of iterations. For this embodiment, each iteration is equivalent to one day in reality.

[0095] When the water content of a cell in the water content matrix exceeds its upper limit, the excess water is transferred to the next soil layer.

[0096] The vegetation was replenished with water every 2 days, and the initial water replenishment of W0 and W1 was 0.

[0097] S4: According to the preset mathematical formula for the change of water content in each soil layer, the water content of each soil layer is calculated in sequence, thereby updating the water content matrix.

[0098] S5: If the soil moisture matrix has a negative value, modify the water replenishment amount and repeat S4;

[0099] This embodiment performs simulation in two cases. The first case is that only W0 is modified at each iteration time, and the second case is that only W1 is modified at each iteration time.

[0100] S6: The maximum number of iterations is 100. Repeat steps S1 to S5. When the number of runs exceeds 100, stop running and output the value of W at each iteration time.

[0101] The W values ​​of the two cases of a single cell in the embodiment are as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, the sum of W0 and W1 of all cells at all iteration moments in the two cases are 3252 and 3330.4 respectively. The former is smaller than the latter, indicating that replenishing water only to cells with VM=1 is more water-saving than replenishing water only to cells with VM=0.

[0102] The present invention and its embodiments are described above. This description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to this technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model based on cellular automata is characterized by: The cellular automaton simulation model uses a finite square grid with an 8-neighbor constant-value boundary to simulate the movement of water diffusing in the greenhouse soil. The VM matrix is ​​used to express and reflect the size, environment, and vegetation arrangement of the simulation area. The soil is divided into different layers and the SM matrix is ​​used to express the moisture content of each layer in the simulation area. The cellular automaton simulation model assumes that after artificial watering, water will flow horizontally in the soil, vertically infiltrate, be absorbed by vegetation, and evaporate from vegetation. By simulating the movement of soil water in different processes, the water content of each cell is updated to achieve a simulation of soil water movement. The following steps are involved: S1: Establish the matrix VM according to the actual size, environment and vegetation arrangement of the simulation area; S2: Stratify the soil and establish the initial moisture content matrix SM for each soil layer; divide the soil into three layers, from low to high depth, namely T layer, U layer, and N layer; establish the moisture content matrix SWT, SWU, and SWN matrices to record the soil moisture content of the T layer, U layer, and N layer respectively; S3: Investigate the growth habits of crops, consult relevant materials to obtain relevant crop water requirements and planting management data to determine the mathematical formula for the change of water content in each soil layer and the relevant parameters of each soil layer; VM i，j =-1,{SWT i，j t =SWU i，j t =SOUND i，j t }=0 In formula (1), the right bracket plus the corresponding layer number indicates that the change occurs in the specified soil layer, t refers to the current iteration time of the model, It is an intermediate variable and has no practical significance. W0 refers to the i，j = 0, the artificial decision of the soil water supply or water supply function, W1 refers to the water supply for VM i，j = 0, the artificially determined water supply or water supply function of the soil, GSD refers to the time change point when the vegetation roots grow to a certain soil layer, and AW is the amount of water absorbed by the vegetation from the soil; In formula (1), EWT and EWTG are the soil water evaporation in the T layer (VM = 0) and the T layer (VM = 1), respectively. The specific calculation formula is: EWT i，j t =EWTG i，j t =0.28SWT i，j t (2) In formula (1), FWT, FWU, FWTG, and FWUG are the water volumes in the cells in the T layer (VM = 0), U layer (VM = 0), T layer (VM = 1), and U layer (VM = 1), respectively. The specific calculation formulas are as follows: In formula (3), M represents the cell surrounded by the 8-neighbor space, 1-8 refers to the cells at the top, top left, top right, top left, top right, bottom, bottom left, and bottom right positions in the 8-neighbor space, and k a→b refers to the amount of water flowing from cell a to cell b, k a→b The calculation formula is as follows: In formula (4), SW x Refers to the water content of x cells; α F is the flow coefficient. After dividing the soil layer into three layers, α F Can be subdivided into α FT , α FU , α FTG and α FUG , corresponding to the flow coefficients of cells in the T layer (VM=0), U layer (VM=0), T layer (VM=1), and U layer (VM=1); In formula (1), IWT, IWU, IWTG, and IWUG are the water volumes in the cells in the T layer (VM = 0), U layer (VM = 0), T layer (VM = 1), and U layer (VM = 1), respectively. The specific calculation formulas are as follows: In formula (5), IW a→b Refers to the amount of water that penetrates from cell a to cell b, SW x Refers to the water content of x cells, C b Refers to the field water holding capacity of cell b, UL b Refers to the maximum water content of cell b, α I is the permeability coefficient; after dividing the soil layer into three layers, the field water holding capacity only needs to be calculated at IWT, so only the field water holding capacity C of the U layer is calculated U , C U It is known that α is 0.

07. I Can be subdivided into α IT , α IU , α ITG and α IUG , corresponding to the permeability coefficients of cells in the T layer (VM = 0), U layer (VM = 0), T layer (VM = 1), and U layer (VM = 1), respectively; S4: Calculate the water content of each soil layer in sequence according to the preset mathematical formula for the change of water content in each soil layer, thereby updating the water content matrix; S5: If the soil moisture matrix has a negative value, the water replenishment amount W, soil flow and infiltration parameters must be modified, and S4 must be repeated; if necessary, the water replenishment amount, soil flow and infiltration parameters must also be modified, and S4 must be repeated; S6: Repeat steps S1 to S5 according to the preset number of iterations. When the number of runs exceeds the set number of iterations, the run is stopped, which means that the simulation of the soil water changes in the simulation area is completed. At this time, the soil moisture content or related parameter values ​​at each iteration time are selectively output according to the purpose of use; The VM matrix has only three values: -1, 0, and 1. In the VM matrix, 0 indicates that there is soil, 1 indicates that there is vegetation, and -1 indicates that there is neither vegetation nor soil, which divides the working conditions into three categories. The VM matrix is ​​a non-negative matrix, that is, negative values ​​cannot appear in the matrix. The moisture content matrix SM is a non-negative matrix, that is, no negative values ​​can appear in the matrix; Each soil layer contains an independent moisture content matrix SM. The row and column size of the initial moisture content matrix SM is equal to that of the VM matrix. After stratifying the soil in the vegetation root layer, an N-layer soil layer should be added. The N-layer soil layer is located at the bottom of all soil layers. The N-layer is an abstract layer that represents a deeper soil layer. Except for the N-layer, all soil layers have an upper limit on water content, and soil water movement is simulated for all soil layers. Soil is stratified and initial moisture content matrix of each soil layer is established; During the simulation process, it is considered that the dissipation pathways of artificial watering include vegetation growth and production activities, soil infiltration and evaporation; The infiltration refers to the flow of water from a lower layer of soil to a higher layer of soil in a vertical space within an area the size of a cell; the flow refers to the flow of soil water from a cell located at the center of the 8-neighbor space in the same soil layer to the soil of the same soil layer within the 8-neighbor space; the 8-neighbor space refers to the 8 cellular spaces surrounding a single cell of the matrix, namely, the upper left, upper right, left, right, lower left, lower right, and lower right.

2. The simulation method of the greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model based on cellular automata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sequential calculation in step S4 refers to sequential calculation from the top to the bottom of the soil surface layer, until the Nth layer is reached.

3. The simulation method of the greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model based on cellular automata according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S1 is implemented as follows: Determine the matrix accuracy based on the actual situation of the simulation area; According to the environment and vegetation arrangement of the simulation area, a corresponding matrix of size n*m ​​is established, and -1, 0 and 1 are used to represent the presence or absence of soil and vegetation respectively.

4. The simulation method of the greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model based on cellular automata according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 is implemented as follows: The soil was evenly layered and the initial moisture content matrix of each soil layer was established.

5. The simulation method of the greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model based on cellular automata according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 is implemented as follows: Mathematical formulas for determining the changes in water content in each soil layer, including formulas for evaporation, water extraction, infiltration, and flow; Based on the mathematical formula for the change of soil water volume, the soil infiltration and flow parameters of each soil layer are determined.

6. The simulation method of the greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model based on cellular automata according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 is implemented as follows: The moisture content matrix is ​​updated through the preset mathematical formulas of the changes in water content in each soil layer, including the formulas for evaporation, water absorption, infiltration, and flow, and the moisture content values ​​of each soil layer are calculated in turn, that is, the moisture content matrix is ​​updated until the N layer.

7. The simulation method of the greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model based on cellular automata according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 is implemented as follows: If the soil moisture matrix has a negative value, the replenishment water quantity, soil flow and infiltration parameters must be modified and S4 is repeated; If necessary, modify the recharge water volume, soil flow and infiltration parameters and repeat S4.

8. The simulation method of the greenhouse soil moisture movement simulation model based on cellular automata according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S6 is implemented as follows: Repeat steps S1 to S5 according to a preset number of iterations; When the number of runs exceeds the set number of iterations, the run stops, which means that the simulation of the soil and water changes in the simulation area is completed; The soil moisture content at each iteration moment, i.e., the moisture matrix, is selectively output according to the purpose of use, or the final revised values ​​of the relevant parameters at each iteration moment are output.

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