A decoupling device and array antenna for reducing coupling between array antenna elements

Abstract

This application relates to the field of antenna technology, providing a decoupling device and an array antenna for reducing coupling between array antenna elements. The array antenna includes a radiating plate with multiple radiating elements arranged in an array. The array antenna also includes at least one decoupling device between two adjacent radiating elements. The decoupling device includes a first isolator and a grounding body. The first isolator includes a first isolation region and a second isolation region that respectively couple two adjacent radiating elements, and each of the first and second isolation regions is connected to an independent grounding body. In practical applications, by using the decoupling device between adjacent radiating elements, the isolation between adjacent radiating elements is increased through coupling with the radiating elements. The decoupling device provided in this application is small in size and simple in structure, effectively improving the coupling between the radiating elements of the array antenna and enhancing the radiation performance of the array antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a decoupling device and an array antenna for reducing coupling between array antenna elements. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of wireless communication systems, modern communication systems are demanding increasingly higher data rates and throughput. As a crucial component of wireless communication systems, the performance of antennas has a vital impact on the system. While combining antenna elements into an array antenna offers many advantages over a single antenna, the resulting array occupies a larger space, leading to a greater overall size of the antenna system.

[0003] To reduce the size of antenna arrays, the physical spacing between antenna elements is typically reduced to create a compact arrangement. However, this compact arrangement inevitably leads to mutual interference (i.e., antenna coupling) between the antenna elements. Strong antenna coupling causes the individual antenna elements to cease to be independent, resulting in drastic changes in the characteristics of the antenna array and a significant deterioration in its performance. Furthermore, mutual coupling between antenna elements can negatively impact radio systems and equipment. Therefore, research on miniaturizing antenna arrays while reducing mutual coupling has significant practical value and application prospects.

[0004] In summary, how to provide an array antenna or decoupling device with a simple structure, small footprint, and decoupling mechanism has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a decoupling device and an array antenna for reducing coupling between array antenna elements. In the case of a small array antenna, a simple decoupling device with a small footprint is provided to achieve a decoupling mechanism between different radiating elements of the array antenna.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides an array antenna, comprising: a radiating plate, wherein a plurality of radiating elements are arranged in an array on the radiating plate;

[0007] The array antenna further includes at least one decoupling device disposed between two adjacent radiating elements, the decoupling device comprising a first isolator and a grounding body;

[0008] The first isolation body includes a first isolation region and a second isolation region that are respectively coupled to two adjacent radiation units. The first isolation region and the second isolation region are each connected to an independent grounding body, which is grounded.

[0009] In one implementation, two decoupling devices are provided between two adjacent radiating elements, and the two decoupling devices are arranged symmetrically.

[0010] In one implementation, a second isolator is also connected to the grounding electrode.

[0011] In one implementation, the first isolator is a V-shaped structure, and the two V-shaped sides of the first isolator are parallel to the region boundary of the radiating element.

[0012] In one implementation, the first isolator is an arc-shaped structure, and a tangent line of the arc-shaped side of the first isolator is parallel to the region boundary of the radiating unit.

[0013] In one implementation, the second isolator is an arc-shaped structure.

[0014] In one implementation, the first isolator is parallel to the second isolator.

[0015] In one implementation, the radiating element is a ±-degree polarized antenna.

[0016] In one implementation, the decoupling device is etched onto the surface of the radiating plate.

[0017] In one implementation, a metallized via is provided at the end of the grounding electrode, and the metallized via is connected to the grounding layer.

[0018] A second aspect of this application provides a decoupling device for reducing coupling between array antenna elements. The decoupling device is disposed between two adjacent radiating elements of the array antenna and includes a first isolator and a grounding body.

[0019] The first isolation body includes a first isolation region and a second isolation region that are respectively coupled to two adjacent radiation units. The first isolation region and the second isolation region are each connected to an independent grounding body, which is grounded.

[0020] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this application provide a decoupling device and an array antenna for reducing coupling between array antenna elements. The array antenna includes: a radiating plate, on which a plurality of radiating elements are arranged in an array; the array antenna also includes at least one decoupling device disposed between two adjacent radiating elements, the decoupling device including a first isolator and a grounding body; the first isolator includes a first isolation region and a second isolation region respectively coupling two adjacent radiating elements, and each of the first isolation region and the second isolation region is connected to an independent grounding body, the grounding body being grounded.

[0021] In practical applications, by setting a decoupling device between adjacent radiating elements, the decoupling device is coupled with the radiating element to increase the isolation between adjacent radiating elements. The decoupling device provided in this application is small in size and simple in structure, and can effectively improve the coupling between the radiating elements of the array antenna and enhance the radiation performance of the array antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of an array antenna with a decoupling device provided in this application.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of an array antenna with a decoupling device provided in this application.

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the decoupling device provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the decoupling device provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the decoupling device provided in this application;

[0032] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the decoupling device provided in this application;

[0033] Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of the radiating plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation test of an array antenna with and without a decoupling device, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Wherein: 1-radiating plate, 11-radiating unit, 2-decoupling device, 21-first isolator, 211-first isolation area, 212-second isolation area, 22-grounding body, 23-second isolator, 3-metallized via. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this application and are not intended to limit this application. The scope of this application is not limited to these embodiments, but is determined by the scope of the patent application. In order to provide a clearer description and enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this application, the parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn according to their relative dimensions, and the proportions of certain dimensions to other related dimensions are highlighted and exaggerated, and irrelevant or unimportant details are not fully drawn in order to achieve the simplicity of the illustrations.

[0037] To reduce coupling between radiating elements of an antenna, existing decoupling mechanisms can be broadly categorized into two types. The first type employs decoupling networks, such as coupled resonant decoupling networks and lumped networks; the second type uses spatial decoupling structures, such as neutralization line technology and electromagnetic bandgap. However, these methods involve complex decoupling networks and matching structures, which often occupy a large volume, hindering the integration of practical application systems. Therefore, this application provides a decoupling device and an array antenna for reducing coupling between array antenna elements. While maintaining a relatively small array antenna size, this application offers a simple and space-saving decoupling device to achieve a decoupling mechanism between different radiating elements of the array antenna.

[0038] See Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application.

[0039] See Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application.

[0040] See Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application.

[0041] See Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application.

[0042] See Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application.

[0043] See Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the array antenna with decoupling device provided in this application.

[0044] See Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the decoupling device provided in this application.

[0045] See Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the decoupling device provided in this application.

[0046] See Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the decoupling device provided in this application.

[0047] See Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the decoupling device provided in this application.

[0048] See Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the radiating plate provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] See Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation test of an array antenna with and without a decoupling device, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0050] The first aspect of this application provides an array antenna, such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the array antenna includes: a radiating plate 1, on which a plurality of radiating elements 11 are arranged in an array; the radiating elements 11 are used to realize the signal transmission and / or signal reception functions of the antenna, and at least one decoupling device 2 is provided between each two adjacent radiating elements 11. The decoupling device 2 is a metal structure and can be set on the radiating plate 1 by welding or etching.

[0051] in, Figure 1 and Figure 2 An embodiment in which a decoupling device 2 is provided between two adjacent radiating elements 11, Figures 3 to 6 An embodiment in which two decoupling devices 2 are symmetrically arranged between two adjacent radiation units 11.

[0052] like Figures 7 to 8As shown, a single decoupling device 2 includes a first isolator 21 and a grounding body 22. The first isolator 21 comprises two parts, respectively coupling a first isolation region 211 and a second isolation region 212 of two adjacent radiating units 11. Both the first isolation region 211 and the second isolation region 212 are connected to an independent grounding body 22, which is grounded. It should be noted that in practical applications, the first isolation region 211 and the second isolation region 212 are integrally formed structures; in other words, the first isolation region 211 and the second isolation region 212 are different partitions of the same structure. Figure 5 and 6 The double-dotted lines shown in the diagram do not exist in the actual structure; they are merely auxiliary lines added to clarify the content of the drawing. During application, the first isolation region 211 and the second isolation region 212 are coupled to the two radiating units 11 respectively, generating a current loop within the first isolation body 21, and grounding is achieved through the grounding body 22.

[0053] The array antenna provided in this application embodiment increases the isolation between adjacent radiating elements 11 by using a decoupling device 2 disposed between adjacent radiating elements 11 and coupling the decoupling device 2 with the radiating elements 11. Figures 1 to 6 As can be seen, the decoupling device 2 provided in this application is small in size and simple in structure, and can be conveniently set between two adjacent radiating elements 11. The decoupling device 2 can be a metal sheet welded on the radiating plate 1 or etched on the radiating plate 1. Therefore, the decoupling device 2 occupies less space and can effectively improve the coupling between the radiating elements of the array antenna and improve the radiation performance of the array antenna.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, in order to enhance the coupling effect of the decoupling device 2, a second isolator 23 is also connected to the grounding body 22. Figure 5 and Figure 6 (No labels added in the text), and the second isolator 23 is parallel to the first isolator 21.

[0055] Specifically, the first isolator 21 can be configured in various shapes, for example, such as Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the first isolator 21 is configured as a V-shaped structure; for example, as... Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the first isolator 21 is configured as an arc-shaped structure.

[0056] When the first isolator 21 is set as a V-shaped structure, the two V-shaped sides of the V-shaped structure are set to be parallel to the region boundary of the radiation unit 11. It should be noted that the actual structure of the radiation unit 11 may not be a regular geometric shape. The region boundary mentioned here is a regular region obtained by fitting the shape of the radiation unit 11, such as a rectangular region or a rhombus region. Then the region boundary is a rectangular or rhombus side of the rectangular or rhombus region that is close to the first isolator 21.

[0057] In practical applications, the operating frequency band of the radiating unit 11 and the coupling amount between the two radiating units can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the two V-shaped sides and the spacing between the two decoupling devices 2.

[0058] Furthermore, when the first isolator 21 is configured as a V-shaped structure, such as Figure 9 As shown, the second isolator 23 connected to the grounding body 22 is preferably configured as a straight structure, that is, the first isolator 21 and the two second isolators 23 form a double V-shaped structure. By adjusting the length of the V-shaped side of the double V-shaped structure, the decoupling bandwidth of the decoupling device 2 can be effectively widened.

[0059] When the first isolator 21 is configured as an arc-shaped structure, a tangent line of the arc-shaped side of the first isolator 21 is parallel to the boundary of the region of the radiation unit 11. It should be noted that the arc-shaped structure has multiple tangent lines. In practical applications, the point on the arc-shaped structure closest to the radiation unit 11 is generally taken as the tangent point, and the tangent point is generally the middle point of the arc-shaped structure.

[0060] In practical applications, by adjusting the length of the arc and the spacing between the two decoupling devices 2, the operating frequency band of the radiating unit 11 and the coupling amount between the two radiating units can be adjusted.

[0061] Furthermore, when the first isolator 21 is configured as an arc-shaped structure, such as Figure 10 As shown, the second isolator 23 connected to the grounding body 22 is preferably configured as an arc-shaped structure, that is, the first isolator 21 and the two second isolators 23 form a double arc-shaped structure. By adjusting the length of the double arc, the decoupling bandwidth of the decoupling device 2 can be effectively adjusted.

[0062] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and 11 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, a metallized via 3 is provided at the end of the grounding body 22, and the metallized via 3 is connected to the grounding layer.

[0063] In this embodiment, the radiating element 11 is a ±45-degree polarized antenna. To address this, experiments were conducted on antennas with a single decoupling device 2 for two adjacent radiating elements 11, a pair of symmetrically arranged decoupling devices 2, and antennas without decoupling devices 2. Figure 12 As shown, after setting the decoupling device 2 on the array antenna, the coupling between the radiating elements 11 can be effectively improved. Moreover, setting a pair of symmetrical decoupling devices 2 provides a better isolation effect and can further improve the coupling between the radiating elements 11. The horizontal axis represents the frequency (GHz) of the radiating element 11, and the vertical axis represents the isolation degree (dB) of the radiating element 11.

[0064] A second aspect of this application provides a decoupling device for reducing coupling between array antenna elements. This decoupling device is applied in the array antenna disclosed in the first aspect of this application. The decoupling device is disposed between two adjacent radiating elements of the array antenna, such as... Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the decoupling device includes a first isolator 21 and a grounding body 22; the first isolator 21 includes a first isolation region and a second isolation region that respectively couple two adjacent radiation units, and each of the first isolation region and the second isolation region is connected to an independent grounding body 22, which is grounded.

[0065] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this application provide a decoupling device and an array antenna for reducing coupling between array antenna elements. The array antenna includes: a radiating plate 1, on which a plurality of radiating elements 11 are arranged in an array; the array antenna also includes at least one decoupling device 2 disposed between two adjacent radiating elements 11, the decoupling device 2 including a first isolator 21 and a grounding body 22; the first isolator 21 includes a first isolation region 211 and a second isolation region 212 respectively coupling two adjacent radiating elements 11, and the first isolation region 211 and the second isolation region 212 are each connected to an independent grounding body 22, the grounding body 22 being grounded.

[0066] In practical applications, by setting a decoupling device 2 between adjacent radiating elements 11, the decoupling device 2 is coupled with the radiating element 11 to increase the isolation between adjacent radiating elements 11. The decoupling device 2 provided in this application is small in size and simple in structure, and can effectively improve the coupling between the radiating elements of the array antenna and improve the radiation performance of the array antenna.

[0067] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0068] Throughout this specification, references to "multiple embodiments," "some embodiments," "one embodiment," or simply "embodiment" indicate that a specific feature, component, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, phrases such as "in multiple embodiments," "in some embodiments," "in at least another embodiment," or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, specific features, components, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner. Therefore, without limitation, a specific feature, component, or characteristic shown or described in connection with one embodiment may be combined, in whole or in part, with features, components, or characteristics of one or more other embodiments. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of this application.

[0069] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of this application and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. This application can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments, unless otherwise specified, should not be construed as limiting the order of execution.

[0070] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An array antenna, characterized by The application relates to an array antenna. The array antenna comprises a radiation plate (1) provided with a plurality of radiation units (11) arranged in an array; at least one decoupling device (2) is arranged between two adjacent radiation units (11); the decoupling device (2) comprises a first isolation body (21) and a grounding body (22); the first isolation body (21) comprises a first isolation area (211) and a second isolation area (212) respectively coupled to the two adjacent radiation units (11); the first isolation area (211) and the second isolation area (212) are connected to an independent grounding body (22) which is grounded; a second isolation body (23) is further connected to the grounding body (22); the first isolation body (21) is in a V-shaped structure, and two V-shaped edges of the first isolation body (21) are parallel to the area boundary of the radiation unit (11); alternatively, the first isolation body (21) is in an arc-shaped structure, and a tangent line of an arc-shaped edge of the first isolation body (21) is parallel to the area boundary of the radiation unit (11); the second isolation body (23) is in an arc-shaped structure; the decoupling device (2) is etched on the surface of the radiation plate (1); and the radiation unit (11) is a +45-degree polarization antenna. The number of the decoupling devices (2) arranged between the two adjacent radiation units (11) is two, and the two decoupling devices (2) are symmetrically arranged. The first isolation body (21) is parallel to the second isolation body (23). The decoupling device is arranged between two adjacent radiation units of the array antenna, and the decoupling device comprises a first isolation body (21) and a grounding body (22); The first isolation body (21) comprises a first isolation area and a second isolation area respectively coupled to the two adjacent radiation units, and the first isolation area and the second isolation area are connected to an independent grounding body (22) which is grounded; A second isolation body (23) is further connected to the grounding body (22); 2. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein, The first isolation body (21) is in a V-shaped structure, and two V-shaped edges of the first isolation body (21) are parallel to the area boundary of the radiation unit (11); 3. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein, Alternatively, the first isolation body (21) is in an arc-shaped structure, and a tangent line of an arc-shaped edge of the first isolation body (21) is parallel to the area boundary of the radiation unit (11); the second isolation body (23) is in an arc-shaped structure; 4. A decoupling device for reducing the coupling between elements of an array antenna, characterized in that The decoupling device (2) is etched on the surface of the radiation plate (1); and the radiation unit (11) is a +45-degree polarization antenna. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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