Antenna subsystem and networking system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna subsystem and networking system, and relates to the technical field of communication. The antenna subsystem comprises a plate-shaped shell and a plurality of Yagi antennas fixed in the plate-shaped shell. The plate-shaped shell comprises a first end cover, a second end cover and an outer cover. The first end cover and the second end cover are oppositely arranged, and are connected with the outer cover respectively. The signal emission directions of the plurality of Yagi antennas are all directed to the first end cover. The outer cover comprises a first surface, and the antenna subsystem is installed on a first wall surface through the first surface. The signal coverage capability of a tunnel can be improved when the antenna subsystem is used for tunnel networking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to an antenna subsystem and a networking system. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the confined space and enclosed environment within tunnels, outdoor signals suffer severe attenuation and cannot penetrate the tunnel. Related technologies employ leaky cables (or simply leaky cables) for signal coverage in tunnels, installed on the tunnel walls, typically completed before the tunnel opens to traffic. However, the electromagnetic waves propagating through existing leaky cables in existing subway tunnels do not support certain 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) spectrum and the network requirements for 4-channel download streams. Furthermore, some 5G frequency bands are too high, resulting in significant signal attenuation from the leaky cable. Therefore, networking solutions that directly combine existing leaky cables with 5G signal sources (such as remote radio equipment) offer weak 5G coverage in subway tunnel sections.

[0003] As mentioned above, improving the signal coverage capability of tunnels has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an antenna subsystem and networking system that improves the signal coverage capability of tunnels to at least a certain extent.

[0006] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this disclosure.

[0007] According to one aspect of this disclosure, an antenna subsystem is provided, comprising: a plate-type housing and a plurality of Yagi antennas fixed within the plate-type housing, wherein: the plate-type housing includes a first end cap, a second end cap, and an outer cover, the first end cap and the second end cap being disposed opposite to each other, and the first end cap and the second end cap being respectively connected to the outer cover; the signal transmission directions of the plurality of Yagi antennas are all directed towards the first end cap; the outer cover includes a first surface, and the antenna subsystem is mounted on a first wall surface through the first surface.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the Yagi antenna includes a reflector, a dual-polarized printed circuit board vibrator, and a plurality of guide plates arranged sequentially. The number of the plurality of Yagi antennas is three, and the Yagi antenna is a dual-polarized antenna.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the number of the plurality of guide pieces is 17.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the reflectors of three dual-polarized Yagi antennas are integrally disposed, and the reflectors are connected to the second end cap.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the antenna subsystem further includes: a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate being fixed at both ends of the first surface, and the first surface being fixed to the first wall surface by the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0012] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a networking system is provided, comprising: a radio frequency remote device, a multi-system access platform (POI), a leaky cable, a power divider, and an antenna subsystem as described in any of the preceding claims, wherein: a first radio frequency output port of the radio frequency remote device is connected to a first radio frequency input port of the POI via a feeder, and the radio frequency output port of the POI is connected to the leaky cable via a feeder; a second radio frequency output port of the radio frequency remote device is connected to the radio frequency input port of the power divider via a feeder, and the radio frequency output port of the power divider is connected to a connector of the antenna subsystem via a feeder.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the radio frequency remote extension device is an 8-transmit 8-receive radio frequency remote extension device, the number of POIs is two, the number of first radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote extension device is two, and the two first radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote extension device are respectively connected to the first radio frequency input ports of the two POIs through feed lines; the number of power dividers is six, the number of second radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote extension device is six, and the six second radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote extension device are respectively connected to the radio frequency input ports of the six power dividers through feed lines; the number of antenna subsystems is two, namely a first antenna subsystem and a second antenna subsystem; each of the six power dividers includes a first radio frequency output port and a second radio frequency output port, and for any one of the six power dividers, the first radio frequency output port is connected to the first antenna subsystem through a feed line, and the second radio frequency output port is connected to the second antenna subsystem through a feed line.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, when the radio frequency remote device is working, both first radio frequency output ports and six second radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote device output 5G signals; both first radio frequency input ports of the two POIs are 5G wireless communication standards; the POI also includes a second radio frequency input port, which is at least one of 2G wireless communication standards, 3G wireless communication standards, and 4G wireless communication standards, and the second radio frequency input port of the POI is used to connect to the radio frequency remote device that outputs the corresponding signal.

[0015] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the first antenna subsystem and the second antenna subsystem are mounted at the same height on the first wall surface.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal transmission direction of the first antenna subsystem is directed in a first direction parallel to the ground plane, and the signal transmission direction of the second antenna subsystem is directed in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0017] The antenna subsystem provided in the embodiments of this disclosure integrates multiple Yagi antennas within a plate-type housing, and sets the multiple Yagi antennas so that their signal transmission directions all point towards the first end cover. Furthermore, the first end cover is connected to the first surface of the outer cover for mounting on the first wall. This reduces the windward area of ​​the antenna subsystem, thereby improving the signal coverage capability of the tunnel when using the antenna subsystem for networking within the tunnel.

[0018] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent from a detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna subsystem according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another antenna subsystem in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 It is based on Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an antenna subsystem is shown.

[0023] Figure 4 It is based on Figure 2 and Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the appearance of an antenna subsystem is shown.

[0024] Figure 5 It is based on Figures 1 to 4 A schematic diagram of a networking system is shown.

[0025] Figure 6 It is based on Figure 5 The diagram shows a network system with 4-channel data streams.

[0026] Figure 7 It is based on Figure 6 The diagram shows an installation method for an antenna subsystem. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0028] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this disclosure can be practiced with one or more of the specific details omitted, or other methods, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known structures, methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this disclosure.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. The symbol " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0030] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" and similar terms should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can refer to an electrical connection or the ability to communicate with each other; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] As mentioned above, the existing leaky cable networking scheme using 5G-enabled remote radio equipment to directly combine existing leaky cables has weak signal coverage in subway tunnels. Related technologies use antennas for tunnel networking, but the radiating surface of the plate antennas used in these technologies is the combined surface of multiple radiating elements, with the radiating surface aligned with the "plate surface" of the antenna radome. This means the signal radiates from the front of the antenna housing, resulting in a large windward area and excessive tunnel space requirements. Therefore, this disclosure provides an antenna subsystem that integrates multiple Yagi antennas within a plate housing, with the signal transmission direction of these antennas all pointing towards a first end cap. Furthermore, the first end cap is connected to the first surface of an outer casing for mounting on a first wall. This reduces the windward area of ​​the antenna subsystem, thereby improving the signal coverage of the tunnel when using the antenna subsystem for tunnel networking.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an antenna subsystem according to an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the antenna subsystem may include a plate-type housing 102 and a plurality of Yagi antennas 104 fixed within the plate-type housing 102. The plate-type housing 102 is "plate-type" in shape, meaning that the area of ​​its two opposing "plate surfaces" is much larger than that of its other two pairs of opposing surfaces (i.e., sides).

[0033] In some embodiments, the number of multiple Yagi antennas 104 can be designed according to the actual situation, such as the number of channels required in the networking system, for example, 2, 3 or 4, 2 pairs or 3 pairs, or 4 pairs, etc.

[0034] The plate-type housing 102 may include a first end cover 1022, a second end cover 1024, and an outer cover 1026. The first end cover 1022 and the second end cover 1024 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first end cover 1022 and the second end cover 1024 are respectively connected to the outer cover 1026. The signal transmission direction of the plurality of Yagi antennas 104 is all pointed to the first end cover 1022.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first end cap 1022 may be an upper end cap, and the second end cap 1024 may be a lower end cap. The signal transmission direction of the Yagi antenna 104 is directed towards the upper end cap and away from the connector end of the lower end cap. The connector wire of the Yagi antenna 104 can be led out through the connector of the lower end cap. For specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 .

[0036] The outer cover 1026 may include a first surface 10262, through which the antenna subsystem is mounted on the first wall surface 1002.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first wall surface 1002 may be, for example, a vertical surface of the tunnel interior wall, or a vertical surface of the tunnel interior wall for mounting an antenna, such as a mounting plate or mounting box.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first surface 10262 of the outer cover 1026 is mounted in close contact with the first wall surface 1002, for example, by wall mounting and fixing using a mounting plate. Specific embodiments can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2 and Figure 4 .

[0039] According to the embodiments of this disclosure, the antenna subsystem integrates multiple Yagi antennas within a plate-type housing, and sets the multiple Yagi antennas so that their signal transmission directions all point towards the first end cover. Furthermore, the first end cover is connected to the first surface of the outer cover for mounting on the first wall. This reduces the windward area and space occupation of the antenna subsystem, thereby improving the signal coverage capability of the tunnel when using the antenna subsystem for internal networking, while effectively reducing wind load and improving the safety level of the equipment.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of another antenna subsystem according to an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the antenna subsystem 20 may include a plate-type housing 102 ( Figure 2 (Not shown in the figure) Three dual-polarized Yagi antennas 104 are fixed inside the plate housing 102. The plate housing 102 may include a first end cap 1022, a second end cap 1024 and an outer cover 1026, and the outer cover 1026 may include a first surface 10262.

[0041] The Yagi antenna 104 may include a reflector 1042, a dual-polarized printed circuit board (PCB) vibrator 1044, and a plurality of director pieces 1046 arranged sequentially. The dual-polarized PCB vibrator 1044 and the plurality of director pieces 1046 may be fixed to the reflector 1042 by a long hexagonal isolation post passing through the center.

[0042] In some embodiments, the number of director elements 1046 can be, for example, 17. Fewer director elements result in lower antenna gain; more director elements gradually increase antenna gain, but the rate of increase gradually decreases. When the rate of increase decreases to a certain extent, further increasing the number of director elements becomes meaningless in terms of signal gain, instead unnecessarily increasing product cost and making the antenna too large, thus limiting installation conditions. By using system simulation software and employing a comprehensive algorithm for multiple simulations, a design using 17 director elements above each element can improve antenna gain to approximately 15 dBi in narrow tunnels with high spatial transmission loss and beamwidth constrained to around 20 degrees, achieving better signal coverage.

[0043] In some embodiments, the reflectors 1042 of the three dual-polarized Yagi antennas 104 can be integrally formed, and the reflectors 1042 are connected to the second end cap 1024. The vibrator panel of the dual-polarized PCB vibrator 1044 can be fixed to the reflector 1042 by multiple short hexagonal isolation posts or other standard components.

[0044] In other embodiments, the reflectors 1042 of the three dual-polarized Yagi antennas 104 can also be set separately, and then the three reflectors are fixed on a vibrator fixing member.

[0045] The antenna subsystem 20 may further include a first mounting plate 106 and a second mounting plate 108, which are fixed to both ends of a first surface 10262. The first surface 10262 is fixed to the first wall surface 1002 via the first mounting plate 106 and the second mounting plate 108. Expansion bolts can be passed through holes in the first mounting plate 106 and the second mounting plate 108 to fix the antenna subsystem 20 to the first wall surface 1002.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna subsystem 20 may further include an antenna mounting bracket 110, a vibrator feed plate 1042, a connector plate 112, and an N-type connector 114. The antenna mounting bracket 110 is used to fix three dual-polarized Yagi antennas 104 inside the plate housing 102, supported on the inner surface of the outer cover 1026, and may be made of materials such as pearl cotton. The vibrator feed plate 1048 is fixed to the reflector plate 1042 and is used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals with the dual-polarized PCB vibrator 1044. The vibrator feed plate 1048 and the connector plate 112 are connected by connector wires. The connector plate 112 is used to lead out the N-type connector 114, which is connected to an external feed line for signal transmission.

[0047] Figure 3 It is based on Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an antenna subsystem is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the antenna subsystem 20 may also include a connector line 116, the vibrator feed board 1048 and the connector board 112 can be connected by the connector line 116, the dual-polarized PCB vibrator 1044 is connected to the vibrator feed board 1048, and the dual-polarized PCB vibrator 1044 is fixed on the reflector 1042.

[0048] The antenna subsystem provided according to the embodiments of this disclosure employs three dual-polarized PCB elements. A reflector is placed behind each dual-polarized PCB element, and several guide plates are added at specific intervals on the front of the elements to improve antenna gain. The antenna gain in the 3300MHz–3800MHz radio band is ≥14.5dBi. Six transmission channels are provided. Multiple guide plates are used to increase the gain of a single element, thereby reducing the number of elements and miniaturizing the antenna. This antenna subsystem offers high performance gain, wide coverage, thin antenna, simple internal structure, convenient manufacturing, light weight, easy installation, and low cost, making it suitable for installation in tunnels.

[0049] Figure 4 It is based on Figure 2 and Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the appearance of an antenna subsystem is shown. Figure 4 As shown, the first end cap 1022 and the second end cap 1024 are respectively sealed to the outer cover 1026, and the second end cap 1024 leads out an N-type connector 114. The first surface 10262 of the outer cover 1026 is fixed to the mounting surface by the first mounting plate 106 and the second mounting plate 108.

[0050] As mentioned above, some 5G signal frequencies are relatively high, resulting in significant attenuation outside the wireless transmission frequency bands of existing leaky cables in subway lines. Therefore, the networking scheme of directly combining 5G signal sources with existing leaky cables has weak 5G coverage capabilities in subway tunnels. For newly built subway lines, new leaky cables supporting these 5G signal frequencies can be used from the initial engineering design stage, significantly reducing 5G signal attenuation. However, for existing subway lines, replacing all existing leaky cables with new ones would be prohibitively expensive, with costs estimated at tens of millions of yuan. The sheer scale of the project would also lead to excessively long construction periods. Replacing existing leaky cables would require removing all existing cables before installing new ones, involving numerous procedures and parts, and any oversight could affect train safety, posing a significant safety hazard. Therefore, using traditional tunnel coverage solutions such as adding or rebuilding new leaky cables to improve the 5G network quality of existing subway lines is not feasible.

[0051] In this regard, embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a networking system, which adopts the following... Figures 2 to 3 The provided 6-channel antenna subsystem can be networked with the existing 2 leaky cables in the subway tunnel to create a 5G high-speed wireless channel that supports 4 data streams, significantly improving the 5G coverage quality in the subway tunnel.

[0052] Figure 5 It is based on Figures 1 to 4 A schematic diagram of a networking system is shown. (For example...) Figure 5As shown, the networking system may include: a remote radio unit (RRU) 502, a point of access (POI) platform 504, a leaky cable 506, a power divider 508, and an antenna subsystem 510, wherein the antenna subsystem 510 may be... Figures 1 to 4 An antenna subsystem is shown in the figure.

[0053] The first RF output port of the RF remote extension device 502 is connected to the first RF input port of the POI 504 via a feeder, and the RF output port of the POI 504 is connected to the leaky cable 506 via a feeder.

[0054] In some embodiments, the number of radio frequency remote devices 502 can be one or more, for example, one, two, or three, etc., and can be designed according to the actual number of channels required. The radio frequency remote device 502 can transmit 2G (2nd Generation Mobile Communication Technology), 3G (3rd Generation Mobile Communication Technology), 4G (4th Generation Mobile Communication Technology), or 5G signals. The first radio frequency output port of the radio frequency remote device 502 can also include multiple ports, for example, designed according to the number of POIs 504.

[0055] In some embodiments, the number of POIs 504 can be multiple, such as one, two, three, etc., and can be designed according to the actual number of channels required. POIs 504 can simultaneously support 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G wireless communication standards. The number of leaky cables 506 can also be one or more, such as one, two, or three, etc.

[0056] The second RF output port of the RF remote extension device 502 is connected to the RF input port of the power divider 508 via a feeder, and the RF output port of the power divider 508 is connected to the connector of the antenna subsystem 510 via a feeder.

[0057] In some embodiments, the second RF output port of the RF remote device 502 may also include multiple ports, for example, it can be designed according to the number of power dividers 508.

[0058] In some embodiments, the number of power dividers 508 can be multiple, such as 4, 6 or 8, etc., and can be designed according to the number of connectors in the antenna subsystem 510.

[0059] Figure 6 It is based on Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a 4-channel data stream networking system is shown. (For example...) Figure 6 As shown, the networking system may include: an 8-transmit 8-receive remote radio unit (8TR-RRU) 602, two multi-system access platforms (POIs) 604 that simultaneously support 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G wireless communication standards, two leaky cables 604, six power dividers 608, and a 6-port tunnel antenna, wherein the 6-port tunnel antenna may be... Figures 2 to 4 An antenna subsystem 20 is shown in the figure.

[0060] The design of the number of antenna channels mainly needs to consider the 5G protocol, the maximum number of channels supported by the external antenna + feeder (referred to as "antenna feeder") type 5G equipment deployed in the application scenario and the feasibility of data configuration, the number of channels in the existing antenna feeder system of the application scenario, the maximum number of receiving channels supported by the 5G mobile terminal, the wireless channel "rank" of the wireless environment of the application scenario, the technical feasibility of the total output power of the RRU after the antenna power assigned to each Yagi antenna is superimposed (in order to achieve the given coverage, each antenna channel is designed with a maximum output power, and the total output power of the RRU is the sum of the maximum output power of all antenna channels. The more antenna channels there are, the greater the total output power of the RRU, and the greater the required output power of the wireless RF power amplifier module. However, with current technology, the output power of the wireless RF power amplifier module has an upper limit), the technical complexity of combining multiple Yagi antennas in a limited space in the existing manufacturing process (to maximize the total gain of the board antenna while controlling the wireless isolation between different Yagi antennas), and production costs, etc. Therefore, the number of antenna channels needs to be selected based on the relevant factors in the actual business scenario.

[0061] The antenna subsystem 20 in this embodiment integrates three dual-polarized Yagi antennas, which are equivalent to six single-polarized Yagi antennas, making it suitable for hybrid network deployments. Currently, the industry only offers two types of external antenna feeder-type 3.5GHz RRUs for subway tunnel scenarios: 2-channel and 8-channel. Furthermore, in existing subway tunnels, during the 2G / 3G / 4G wireless communication era, the civilian wireless communication industry typically deployed only two leaky cables (because two leaky cables were sufficient to utilize the maximum network capacity of 4G wireless devices). In a wireless communication environment, the number of non-interfering wireless channels is ≤ min(RRU channel number, antenna channel number). Therefore, if a "2-channel RRU + 2 leaky cables" approach is used, a maximum of 2-channel wireless services can be implemented; if an "8-channel RRU + 2 leaky cables + 6-channel antenna" approach is used, a maximum of 8 channels can be implemented. If the number of Yagi antennas in the panel antenna exceeds 6, the total number of channels will exceed 8 after adding 2 leaky cables. However, the RRU can only have a maximum of 8 channels, so theoretically it can only achieve 8 channels. Moreover, if the number of Yagi antennas in the panel antenna exceeds 6, the extra antenna channels cannot be connected to the 8-channel RRU. This is because the RRU's channel output hardware ports are usually designed with 8 ports (2 for the 2 leaky cables and 6 for the 6 Yagi antennas in the panel antenna), and there are no extra hardware ports to connect to the extra Yagi antennas.

[0062] When providing wireless coverage in tunnels, the following methods are used: Figure 6 The implementation steps of the network system shown are as follows:

[0063] Step 1: Add an 8T8R 5G radio remote unit (i.e., the above-mentioned 8TR-RRU 602) next to the existing 4G radio remote unit in the subway tunnel.

[0064] Step 2: Replace the two existing POIs in the subway tunnel that only support 2G, 3G, and 4G with two new POI 604s that simultaneously support 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. The feeder cable from the original 2G, 3G, and 4G remote radio equipment's RF output port should be rerouted from the old POI to the corresponding wireless communication standard's RF input port of the new POI 604 (corresponding to the first RF input port of the POI 504).

[0065] Step 3: Add two new antenna subsystems 20 near POI 604. The two antenna subsystems 20 are installed at the same height, such as... Figure 7 As shown, for example, the antenna can be located between the upper and lower edges of the window of a subway train car, with the antenna installed close to the tunnel wall. The connectors of the two antennas are installed back to back, with the radiating end of one antenna facing the direction from which the train is coming and the radiating end of the other antenna facing the direction from which the train is moving away.

[0066] When installing the antenna subsystem, first select the installation location and determine the position of the expansion bolt holes. Install the expansion bolts on the wall, then install the antenna subsystem and tighten the bolts. The entire antenna subsystem is sealed with sealant, with no leaks, leaving only two waterproof vent holes. This makes construction convenient and provides excellent waterproofing.

[0067] Step 4: Connect the RF output ports 1 and 2 of the 8TR-RRU 602 (corresponding to the first RF output port of the RRU 502) to the 5G wireless communication RF input ports of the two POI 604 units via feeders. Connect the RF output ports of the two POI 604 units to two leaky cables 604 via feeders.

[0068] Step 5: The RF output port 3 of the 8TR-RRU 602 (corresponding to the second RF output port of the RRU 502) is connected to the RF input port of a power divider 608 via a feeder. One of the output ports of the power divider 608 (e.g., the first RF output port) is connected to a connector of a 6-channel novel tunnel antenna 20 via a feeder. The other output port of the power divider 608 (e.g., the second RF output port) is connected to the corresponding connector of another 6-channel novel tunnel antenna 20 via a feeder (the connector with the same layout as the connector of the previous novel tunnel antenna).

[0069] Step 6: Repeat step 5, and connect the RF output ports 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the 8TR-RRU to the remaining 5 connectors of the two 6-channel new tunnel antennas 20 respectively.

[0070] Step 7: Seal all connections (e.g., the connection between 8TR-RRU 602 and POI604, and the connection between 8TR-RRU 602 and the 6-channel new tunnel antenna 20) in accordance with moisture-proof and dust-proof requirements.

[0071] The antenna is installed on the tunnel wall, and the feeder connecting the tunnel antenna and the signal source is laid along the tunnel wall, making construction convenient.

[0072] Step 8: The 8 RF channels of the 8TR-RRU 602 simultaneously output 5G signals, and the channel multiplexing template is configured as a 4-channel multiplexing mode.

[0073] In civilian wireless communication, when carrying download wireless services, two key indicators reflecting network capabilities and wireless terminal capabilities are: RRU peak download rate and mobile phone peak download rate. In the 2G, 3G, and 4G wireless communication era, RRU peak download rate equaled mobile phone peak download rate. However, with the advent of 5G, the adoption of new technologies has significantly enhanced the data processing capabilities of 5G network equipment, resulting in RRU peak download rate exceeding mobile phone peak download rate.

[0074] According to the 5G standard protocol, when a 5G mobile phone is using download services, a maximum of 4 antennas can work at the same time. That is, a 5G mobile phone can only use a maximum of 4 download channels.

[0075] On the other hand, according to 5G standard protocols, different models of RRUs can support a maximum of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 download service channels. For an 8TR-RRU, the number of download service channels it can support is 1, 2, 4, and 8.

[0076] For an 8TR-RRU, within the RRU's coverage area, assuming only two 5G phones, each phone's wireless environment can have four mutually orthogonal wireless channels, allowing each phone to achieve a peak download rate of four channels. Simultaneously, if the correlation between the two phones' wireless environments is zero, the RRU can simultaneously transmit different four-channel download services to both phones, achieving an 8-channel peak download rate. In this case, the 8-channel RRU's peak download rate is the sum of the two phones' peak download rates, equivalent to an 8-channel download service rate. However, each phone can only achieve a maximum of four-channel download service rates.

[0077] 5G wireless signal uplink involves the 5G mobile terminal's antenna transmitting wireless signals on the 5G uplink wireless channel, and the 5G wireless device (i.e., RRU) receiving and demodulating the wireless signals on the same uplink wireless channel. Currently, for 5G mobile terminals, a maximum of two antennas can operate simultaneously for transmitting wireless signals on the uplink wireless channel. Each mobile antenna can be understood as one uplink channel, so two antennas constitute two uplink channels.

[0078] The wireless signals transmitted by 5G mobile terminals during uplink transmission also propagate through leaky cables and new antennas, eventually reaching the RRU (Remote Root Unit) for reception and demodulation. A mobile terminal has a maximum of two antennas for uplink transmission, while two leaky cables plus six antenna channels constitute eight channels. Each of these eight channels can receive the two uplink signals from the mobile terminal. On the RRU side, the received duplicate signals are selected and merged according to certain rules, ultimately demodulating the original two uplink signals.

[0079] The upload channel consists of two leaky cables and six antennas, using the same medium as the download channel. However, due to the 5G protocol standard, it can only support a maximum of two channels for upload services.

[0080] After a 5G phone transmits an uplink wireless signal, this signal is transmitted to the RRU (Remote Receiver Unit) simultaneously through both leaky cable and air. If the 5G phone is far from the RRU, the leaky cable significantly attenuates the 5G signal, preventing the transmitted uplink wireless signal from reaching the RRU. Only the uplink signal propagating through the air to the 6-channel antenna can be received and demodulated by the RRU. The RRU then uses algorithms such as the maximum carrier-to-interference ratio (CTR) to select two uplink signals or combine the six uplink signals into two. If the 5G phone is close to the RRU, although the leaky cable attenuates the 5G signal, the strength of the uplink wireless signal reaching the RRU through the leaky cable still meets the RRU's normal demodulation threshold, allowing it to be received normally. Combined with the uplink signal propagating through the air to the 6-channel antenna, both are received and demodulated by the RRU. The RRU then uses algorithms such as the maximum CTR to select two uplink signals or combine the eight uplink signals into two.

[0081] According to the networking system provided in this disclosure, a hybrid networking system using two channels of leaky cable and six channels of novel antenna achieves a four-channel data stream effect in subway tunnels, significantly reducing the cost of 5G networking on existing subway lines. By integrating the radio frequency channels of two different media—two-channel leaky cable and six-channel tunnel antenna—the 5G network coverage quality in both the near and far fields is comprehensively improved. The eight channels of wireless data, based on the principle of wireless channel multiplexing, achieve the 5G service effect of downloading four-channel data streams and uploading two-channel data streams.

[0082] Figure 7 It is based on Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an antenna subsystem installation method is shown. Figure 7 As shown, the two antenna subsystems 20 can be a first antenna subsystem 202 and a second antenna subsystem 204, and the first antenna subsystem 202 and the second antenna subsystem 204 are mounted at the same height on the first wall surface 1002. The signal transmission direction of the first antenna subsystem 202 points to a first direction parallel to the ground plane, for example... Figure 7 The direction parallel to the direction from the second end cap 1024 of the first antenna subsystem 202 to the first end cap 1022. The signal transmission direction of the second antenna subsystem 204 points to a second direction opposite to the first direction, for example... Figure 7 The direction is parallel to the direction from the second end cap 1024 of the first antenna subsystem 202 to the first end cap 1022.

[0083] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure have been specifically shown and described above. It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the detailed structures, arrangements, or implementations described herein; rather, this disclosure is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements contained within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A networking system, characterized in that, include: The radio frequency remote extension equipment, the Point of Interest (POI) multi-system access platform, leaky cable, power divider, and at least two antenna subsystems, including: The first radio frequency output port of the radio frequency remote device is connected to the first radio frequency input port of the POI via a feeder, and the radio frequency output port of the POI is connected to the leaky cable via a feeder; The second radio frequency output port of the radio frequency remote device is connected to the radio frequency input port of the two power divider via a feeder line, and the radio frequency output port of the two power divider is connected to the connectors of the two antenna subsystems via feeder lines respectively. The POI and the two antenna subsystems are all located in the same tunnel; The antenna subsystem includes: a plate-type housing (102) and a plurality of Yagi antennas (104) fixed within the plate-type housing (102), wherein: The plate-type outer shell (102) includes a first end cap (1022), a second end cap (1024), and an outer cover (1026). The first end cap (1022) and the second end cap (1024) are disposed opposite to each other, and the first end cap (1022) and the second end cap (1024) are respectively connected to the outer cover (1026). The signal transmission directions of the plurality of Yagi antennas (104) are all pointed towards the first end cap (1022). The outer cover (1026) includes a first surface (10262), through which the antenna subsystem is mounted to the first wall (1002).

2. The networking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Yagi antenna (104) includes a reflector (1042), a dual-polarized printed circuit board vibrator (1044), and multiple guide plates (1046) arranged in sequence. The number of the multiple Yagi antennas (104) is three, and the Yagi antenna is a dual-polarized antenna.

3. The networking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the plurality of guide pieces (1046) is 17.

4. The networking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reflectors (1042) of the three dual-polarized Yagi antennas (104) are integrally arranged, and the reflectors (1042) are connected to the second end cap (1024).

5. The networking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A first mounting plate (106) and a second mounting plate (108) are fixed at both ends of the first surface (10262), and the first surface (10262) is fixed to the first wall surface (1002) by the first mounting plate (106) and the second mounting plate (108).

6. The networking system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The radio frequency remote device is an 8-transmit 8-receive radio frequency remote device. The number of POIs is two. The number of first radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote device is two. The two first radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote device are respectively connected to the first radio frequency input ports of the two POIs through feeders. The number of the two power dividers is 6, the number of the second radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote extension device is 6, and the 6 second radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote extension device are respectively connected to the radio frequency input ports of the 6 two power dividers through feeders; The two antenna subsystems are the first antenna subsystem and the second antenna subsystem; Each of the six power dividers includes a first radio frequency (RF) output port and a second RF output port. For any one of the six power dividers, the first RF output port is connected to the first antenna subsystem via a feed line, and the second RF output port is connected to the second antenna subsystem via a feed line.

7. The networking system according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the radio frequency remote device is working, all two first radio frequency output ports and six second radio frequency output ports of the radio frequency remote device output 5G signals of fifth generation mobile communication technology; Both of the POIs have 5G wireless communication standard first radio frequency input ports; The POI also includes a second radio frequency input port, which is at least one of the second-generation mobile communication technology (2G), the third-generation mobile communication technology (3G), and the fourth-generation mobile communication technology (4G). The second radio frequency input port of the POI is used to connect to a radio frequency remote device that outputs a corresponding signal.

8. The networking system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first antenna subsystem and the second antenna subsystem are installed at the same height on the first wall surface.

9. The networking system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The signal transmission direction of the first antenna subsystem is parallel to the ground plane in a first direction, and the signal transmission direction of the second antenna subsystem is opposite to the first direction in a second direction.

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