Electrical connector and electrical connection system

Abstract

The present application discloses an electrical connector, which includes a first plug-in component, a second plug-in component, and a surge protection module. The first plug-in component includes a first insulating body and a first terminal disposed on the first insulating body; the second plug-in component includes a second insulating body and a second terminal disposed on the second insulating body. The second plug-in component is used to plug into the first plug-in component so that the second terminal and the first terminal contact each other to form an electric energy transmission branch for transmitting electric energy; the surge protection module is used to detect the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component. During the plugging and unplugging process of the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the current of the electric energy transmission branch is controlled to gradually increase; during the disconnection process of the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the current of the electric energy transmission branch is controlled to gradually decrease. This electrical connector can prevent surges generated during plugging and unplugging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular to an electronic device and an electrical connection system. Background Art

[0002] When the power port is plugged in or unplugged, the transient current generates a large induced electromotive force, resulting in obvious voltage surges, plug-in surges, and even electric sparks. This voltage surge will cause a great impact on the circuit.

[0003] In high-voltage circuits, oil immersion can be used to isolate the air and eliminate sparks. In residential or industrial systems, surge protectors can be installed to prevent surges from damaging other devices in the circuit. Some manufacturers also use insulating shields on power plugs to prevent sparks.

[0004] However, no matter which of the above measures is taken, they are all based on the perspective of preventing surge damage, and cannot prevent surges from occurring, nor can they fundamentally solve the surge problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above technical problems, the present application provides an electrical connector and an electrical connection system, which enable the electrical connector to prevent surges generated at the moment of plugging and unplugging.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0007] An electrical connector, comprising:

[0008] A first plug-in component includes a first insulating body and a first terminal provided on the first insulating body;

[0009] a second plug-in component comprising a second insulating body and a second terminal disposed on the second insulating body, the second plug-in component being configured to be plugged into the first plug-in component so that the second terminal and the first terminal contact each other to form an electric energy transmission branch for transmitting electric energy;

[0010] An anti-surge module, one end of which is connected to the first terminal, and the other end of the anti-surge module is connected to a power supply or a load; the anti-surge module is used to detect the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, and control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually increase during the process of plugging the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component into each other; and control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually decrease during the process of disconnecting the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component from each other.

[0011] In some embodiments, the surge protection module includes:

[0012] a detection unit, configured to detect a plugging and unplugging action between the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component;

[0013] a control unit connected to the power transmission branch and configured to respond to the detection result of the detection unit, control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually increase during the process of plugging the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component into each other, and control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually decrease during the process of disconnecting the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component from each other.

[0014] In some embodiments, the detection unit includes a third terminal provided on the first insulating body, and the second insulating body is provided with a fourth terminal corresponding to the third terminal;

[0015] During the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug component and the second plug component, as the relative position of the third terminal and the fourth terminal changes when they are in contact with each other, the power parameter of the third terminal gradually changes.

[0016] In some embodiments, the detection unit further includes a first resistor, the third terminal is connected to the first terminal via the first resistor, and the fourth terminal is grounded; when the third terminal and the fourth terminal are in contact with each other, the third terminal equivalently forms a second resistor connected between the first resistor and the fourth terminal;

[0017] During the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the relative positions of the third terminal and the fourth terminal change, the resistance value of the second resistor gradually changes, and the voltage between the first resistor and the second resistor gradually changes.

[0018] In some embodiments, the third terminal extends along the plugging and unplugging direction on the first insulating body, the root end of the third terminal is connected to the first resistor, and the free end of the third terminal is located near the free end of the first insulating body; the root end of the fourth terminal is grounded, and the free end of the fourth terminal is located near the free end of the second insulating body;

[0019] During the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the resistance of the second resistor gradually changes as the position of the free end of the fourth terminal and the base position of the third terminal changes.

[0020] In some embodiments, the third terminal is formed by a single crystal silicon boron-doped conductor or a single crystal silicon phosphorus-doped conductor.

[0021] In some embodiments, a plurality of third terminals are arranged in parallel on the first insulating body, the root ends of the plurality of third terminals are connected to the first resistor, and the free ends of the plurality of third terminals extend to a position close to the free end of the first insulating body;

[0022] The second insulating body is provided with a plurality of fourth terminals corresponding to the third terminals one by one, the root ends of the plurality of fourth terminals are all grounded, and the free ends of the plurality of fourth terminals are all extended to a position close to the free end of the second insulating body;

[0023] The distance between the free ends of the plurality of third terminals and the free end of the first insulating body gradually increases, or the distance between the free ends of the plurality of fourth terminals and the free end of the second insulating body gradually increases, so that during the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the plurality of third terminals and the plurality of fourth terminals are sequentially connected or disconnected, and the resistance value of the second resistor gradually changes.

[0024] In some embodiments, the third terminal is formed by a strain body; during the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the pressure applied by the fourth terminal to the third terminal gradually changes, and the stress of the third terminal gradually changes accordingly, so that the resistance value of the second resistor gradually changes.

[0025] In some embodiments, the control unit includes a switching device, a first end of the switching device is connected to the first terminal, a second end of the switching device is used to connect to a power supply or a load, and a third end of the switching device is connected between the first resistor and the third terminal; the switching device adjusts the current of the power transmission branch as the voltage of the third end changes.

[0026] In some embodiments, a third resistor is connected between the first resistor and the third terminal, and the third end of the switch device is connected between the first resistor and the third resistor.

[0027] An electrical connection system includes an electronic device, a power supply, and the electrical connector described above, wherein the first terminal is connected to a load of the electronic device, and the second terminal is connected to an output end of the power supply.

[0028] The electrical connector of the embodiment of the present application detects the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component by arranging a surge protection module on the first plug-in component, and controls the current of the power transmission branch to gradually increase and decrease during the plugging process between the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, and controls the current of the power transmission branch to gradually decrease during the disconnection process between the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, thereby extending the current change time from the moment when the terminal blocks contact or disconnect from each other to the time required for the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component to complete the plugging and unplugging action, thereby increasing the current change time, significantly reducing the induced electromotive force generated during the plugging and unplugging process of the electrical connector, thereby preventing the generation of surges, and fundamentally solving the hazards of surges. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the electrical connector according to the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure when the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component are disconnected from each other;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the terminal structure in which the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component are in contact with each other;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the electrical connector of the present application.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 100 - first plug-in component; 110 - first insulating body; 111 - first terminal; 112 - first grounding terminal; 120 - surge protection module; 121 - detection unit; 122 - third terminal; 123 - first resistor; 124 - second resistor; 125 - third resistor; 126 - control unit; 127 - switch device;

[0035] 200 - second plug-in component; 210 - first insulating body; 211 - second terminal; 212 - fourth terminal; 213 - second grounding terminal;

[0036] 300-Electronic equipment;

[0037] 400-Power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Various aspects and features of the present application are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the above description should not be considered as limiting, but merely as an example of an embodiment. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present application will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the general description of the present application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0041] These and other characteristics of the present application will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment given as a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] It should also be understood that although the present application has been described with reference to certain specific examples, those skilled in the art will be able to implement many other equivalent forms of the present application that have the features described in the claims and are therefore within the scope of protection defined thereby.

[0043] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Specific embodiments of the present application will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the embodiments described are merely examples of the present application and may be implemented in a variety of ways. Familiar and / or repetitive functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present application with unnecessary or redundant details. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details described herein are not intended to be limiting, but rather serve merely as a basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to variously utilize the present application with substantially any suitable detailed structure.

[0045] This specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," which may all refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to the present application.

[0046] See also Figures 1 to 3As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical connector, which includes a first plug-in component 100, a second plug-in component 200 and an anti-surge module 120. The first plug-in component 100 includes a first insulating body 110 and a first terminal 111 provided on the first insulating body 110. The second plug-in component 200 includes a second insulating body 210 and a second terminal 211 provided on the second insulating body 210. The second plug-in component 200 is used to be plugged into the first plug-in component 100 so that the second terminal 211 and the first terminal 111 contact each other to form an electric energy transmission branch for transmitting electric energy. One end of the anti-surge module 120 is connected to the first terminal 111, and the other end of the anti-surge module 120 is connected to the power supply 400 or the load.

[0047] Specifically, when the first plug-in component 100 is connected to the load and the second plug-in component 200 is connected to the power supply 400, the other end of the surge protection module 120 can be connected to the load, and the second terminal 211 can be connected to the power supply 400; when the first plug-in component 100 is connected to the power supply 400 and the second plug-in component 200 is connected to the load, the other end of the surge protection module 120 can be connected to the power supply 400, and the second terminal 211 can be connected to the load.

[0048] The surge protection module 120 can detect the plugging and unplugging actions between the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200. During the process of plugging the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 into each other, it can control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually increase; during the process of disconnecting the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 from each other, it can control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually decrease.

[0049] Of course, the first plug component 100 may further include a first grounding terminal 112 disposed on the first insulating body 110 , and correspondingly, the second plug component 200 may further include a second grounding terminal disposed on the second insulating body 210 .

[0050] The voltage surge generated during the plugging and unplugging process of an electrical connector is a self-inductance phenomenon. The induced electromotive force E has the following relationship with the current change.

[0051]

[0052] Where E is the induced electromotive force; L is the self-inductance of the circuit; ΔI is the change in current; and Δt is the time it takes for the current to change.

[0053] According to the above formula, when the terminals of a conventional electrical connector come into contact with or disengage from each other during plugging and unplugging, the power supply 400 circuit and the load circuit are connected or disconnected, Δt approaches zero, and the resistance between the power supply 400 circuit and the load circuit instantly changes from infinity to 0, or from 0 to infinity. However, the current has the characteristic of not changing suddenly, and the current instantly rises from 0 to the operating current I, or drops from the operating current I to 0. Therefore, a huge induced electromotive force is generated during the plugging and unplugging of the electrical connector.

[0054] The electrical connector of the embodiment of the present application detects the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200 by arranging a surge protection module 120 on the first plug component 100, and controls the current of the power transmission branch to gradually increase and decrease during the plugging process between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200, and controls the current of the power transmission branch to gradually decrease during the disconnection process between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200. In fact, the current change time is extended from the moment when the terminal blocks contact or disconnect with each other to the time required for the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200 to complete the plugging and unplugging action, that is, the time Δt required for the current change is increased. When the working current remains unchanged, the induced electromotive force generated during the plugging and unplugging of the electrical connector can be significantly reduced, thereby preventing the generation of surges and fundamentally solving the harm of surges.

[0055] In some embodiments, the surge protection module 120 includes a detection unit 121 and a control unit 126, the detection unit 121 is used to detect the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200; the control unit 126 is connected to the power transmission branch, and is used to respond to the detection result of the detection unit 121, and control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually increase during the process of plugging the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 into each other, and control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually decrease during the process of disconnecting the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 from each other.

[0056] Optionally, the detection unit 121 can detect the plugging and unplugging action by detecting a change in the positional relationship between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200. For example, the detection unit 121 can include a detection circuit, and when the relative position between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200 changes, the detection circuit's own power parameters can change, thereby achieving the purpose of detecting the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200.

[0057] Optionally, the control unit 126 may control the current of the power transmission branch in response to changes in the power parameters of the detection unit 121. For example, when the first power parameter of the detection unit 121 gradually increases, it is determined that the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 are in the process of being plugged into each other, and the current of the power transmission branch is controlled to gradually increase. When the first power parameter of the detection unit 121 gradually decreases, it is determined that the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 are in the process of being disconnected from each other, and the current of the power transmission branch is controlled to gradually decrease.

[0058] Optionally, the control unit 126 can adjust the current of the power transmission branch in a variety of ways. For example, the current of the power transmission branch can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance of a resistor connected to the power transmission branch, adjusting the capacitive reactance of a capacitive component connected to the power transmission branch, adjusting the inductive reactance of an inductive component connected to the power transmission branch, or adjusting the conduction state of a switch component connected to the power transmission branch. Of course, the above-mentioned adjustment methods are merely exemplary. In specific implementations, any method can be used as long as the purpose of adjusting the current of the power transmission branch is achieved.

[0059] Cooperate Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the detection unit 121 includes a third terminal 122 provided on the first insulating body 110, and a fourth terminal 212 corresponding to the third terminal 122 is provided on the second insulating body 210. During the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200, as the relative positions of the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212 change when they contact each other, the power parameter of the third terminal 122 gradually changes. The adjustment unit is configured to adjust the current of the power transmission branch in response to the change in the power parameter of the third terminal 122. By setting the third terminal 122 as the detection terminal, it is easy to detect the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200.

[0060] Optionally, the power parameter change of the third terminal 122 may include, for example, the power parameter change of the electronic component equivalently formed by the third terminal 122 itself, or the power parameter change of the electronic component equivalently formed by the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212, or the power parameter change of the part of the detection circuit to which the third terminal 122 is connected.

[0061] Optionally, the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212 may be newly added node terminals of the electrical connector, or may utilize existing node terminals of the electrical connector. For example, if the electrical connector complies with the USB protocol, the first terminal 111 and the second terminal 211 may be VBUS pins, and the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212 may be formed by pins such as a CC pin, an SBU pin, an RX pin, or a TX pin.

[0062] In some embodiments, the detection unit 121 further includes a first resistor 123, the third terminal 122 is connected to the first terminal 111 via the first resistor 123, and the fourth terminal 212 is grounded; when the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212 are in contact with each other, the third terminal 122 is equivalent to forming a second resistor 123 connected between the first resistor 123 and the fourth terminal 212. During the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200, the first terminal 111 and the second terminal 211 are in contact with each other to form an electric energy transmission branch, one end of the first resistor 123 is connected to the third terminal 122, and the other end of the first resistor 123 is grounded via the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212. If the resistance of the second resistor 123 can gradually change in response to the relative position change of the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212, the voltage between the first resistor 123 and the second resistor 123 will gradually change. The regulating unit 126 may be configured to regulate the current of the power transmission branch in response to a voltage change between the first resistor 123 and the second resistor 123 .

[0063] Optionally, during the process of plugging the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200 into each other, the resistance of the second resistor 123 may gradually increase or decrease. Correspondingly, during the process of disconnecting the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200 from each other, the resistance of the second resistor 123 may gradually decrease or increase.

[0064] Cooperate Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the control unit 126 includes a switch device 127, a first end of which is connected to the first terminal 111, a second end of which is used to connect to the power supply 400 or the load, and a third end of which is connected between the first resistor 123 and the third terminal 122; the switch device 127 adjusts the current of the power transmission branch in response to changes in the voltage at the third end. The plugging and unplugging process of an electrical connector typically takes milliseconds, and the switch device 127 has the advantage of a relatively fast corresponding speed. Assuming the plugging and unplugging speed of the electrical connector is 0.5 m / s and the total length of the third terminal 122 is 0.5 cm, the plugging and unplugging time required is 10 ms. If each plugging and unplugging action is divided into five stages, each stage takes 2 ms. The switch device 127 typically has a turn-off delay of approximately 0.1 ms. From a response time perspective, the switch device 127 can rapidly adjust its state in response to the insertion and removal of the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200, thereby regulating the current in the power transmission branch. Furthermore, the switch device 127 has a simple structure, low cost, and high practicality.

[0065] Optionally, the switch device 127 can adjust its conduction state in response to changes in the voltage at the third terminal. For example, during the process of plugging the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200 together, the switch device 127 can respond to the voltage at its third terminal gradually decreasing or increasing, and its conduction state can gradually change from completely disconnected, high-impedance conduction, medium-impedance conduction, low-impedance conduction, to completely connected. During the process of disconnecting the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200 from each other, the switch device 127 can respond to the voltage at its third terminal gradually increasing or decreasing, and its conduction state can gradually change from completely connected, low-impedance conduction, medium-impedance conduction, high-impedance conduction, to completely disconnected.

[0066] Optionally, the switch device 127 may be a semiconductor device such as a triode, a transistor, or a thyristor.

[0067] For example, the switch device 127 is a field effect transistor (MOS transistor). The third terminal 122 can be connected to the first resistor 123 via the third resistor 125, and the first resistor 123 can be connected to the first terminal 111. For example, the resistance of the first resistor 123 can be 100 KΩ, the resistance of the second resistor 123 can be 0-1500 KΩ, and the resistance of the third resistor 125 can be 100 KΩ.

[0068] The source of the MOS transistor can be connected to the first terminal 111, the drain of the MOS transistor can be connected to the load, and the gate of the MOS transistor can be connected between the first resistor 123 and the third resistor 125. The second terminal 211 can be connected to the power supply 400, and the fourth terminal 212 is grounded. The supply voltage of the power supply 400 can be, for example, 20V.

[0069] During the process of mutual plugging of the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200, the resistance of the second resistor 123 can gradually decrease, the gate voltage of the MOS tube can gradually decrease, the absolute value of the bias voltage of the MOS tube (that is, the voltage difference between the gate and the source) gradually increases, and the conduction state of the MOS tube itself gradually changes from the disconnected state, high impedance state, high impedance conduction, medium impedance conduction, low impedance conduction to full conduction.

[0070] On the contrary, during the process of disconnecting the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 from each other, the resistance of the second resistor 123 gradually increases, the gate voltage of the MOS tube gradually increases, the absolute value of the bias voltage of the MOS tube gradually decreases, and the conduction state of the MOS tube itself gradually changes from fully on, low impedance on, medium impedance on, high impedance on, high impedance state to disconnected state.

[0071] Specifically, during the plugging and unplugging process of the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200, the positional relationship between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200, the resistance value of the second resistor 123, and the power parameter changes of the MOS tube are shown in the following table.

[0072] Table 1

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from the table above, when the bias voltage is -10V, carriers flow back into the base region, causing the source-drain carrier concentration to decrease. The source-drain impedance begins to increase, and the current begins to decrease as the absolute value of the bias voltage decreases. When the absolute value of the bias voltage drops to 2.5V, the dynamic impedance is already very large. When the absolute value of the bias voltage drops to 1.7V, the MOS tube is completely disconnected. Through the above process, the current in the power transmission branch changes smoothly with the insertion depth during each plugging and unplugging process, preventing current mutations and large induced electromotive force, thereby eliminating the surge phenomenon at the root.

[0075] In specific implementations, the resistance of the second resistor 123 can be gradually changed in response to the relative position change of the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212 in a variety of ways. The following describes in detail the implementation principle of the resistance change of the second resistor 123 in conjunction with several specific embodiments.

[0076] In some embodiments, the third terminal 122 extends along the plug-in and pull-out direction on the first insulating body 110, the root end of the third terminal 122 is connected to the first resistor 123, and the free end of the third terminal 122 is located near the free end of the first insulating body 110; the root end of the fourth terminal 212 is grounded, and the free end of the fourth terminal 212 is located near the free end of the second insulating body 210; during the mutual plug-in and pull-out process of the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200, the resistance of the second resistor 123 gradually changes with the change of the basic position of the free end of the fourth terminal 212 and the third terminal 122.

[0077] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212 form a structure similar to a sliding rheostat. The portion between the root end of the third terminal 122 and the free end of the fourth terminal 212 is connected between the first resistor 123 and the fourth terminal 212, effectively forming the second resistor 123. Assuming that the total length of the third terminal 122 is L, the length of the portion between the root end of the third terminal 122 and the free end of the fourth terminal 212 is L1, and the length of the portion where the third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212 meet is L2, the length of the second resistor 123 is L1.

[0078] During the process of plugging the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 into each other, the contact position between the free end of the fourth terminal 212 and the third terminal 122 gradually moves from the free end of the third terminal 122 to the root end of the third terminal 122, L1 gradually decreases, the resistance value of the equivalently formed second resistor 123 gradually decreases, and the voltage between the first resistor 123 and the second resistor 123 gradually decreases.

[0079] During the process of disconnecting the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200, the contact position between the free end of the fourth terminal 212 and the third terminal 122 gradually moves from the root end of the third terminal 122 to the free end of the third terminal 122, L1 gradually increases, and the resistance value of the equivalent second resistor 123 gradually increases. This structure is not only simple in structure and ingenious in design, but also easy to implement.

[0080] The third terminal 122 and the fourth terminal 212 form a structure similar to a sliding rheostat to detect the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200, without changing the terminal structure of the conventional electrical connector, and has strong practicality.

[0081] In some embodiments, the third terminal 122 is formed by a single crystal silicon boron-doped conductor or a single crystal silicon phosphorus-doped conductor. Taking the control unit 126 including the switch device 127 as an example, the maximum resistance of the second resistor 123 can be ≥1400KΩ.

[0082] The resistance of a conductor has the following relationship with its length and cross-sectional area.

[0083] R=ρL / S

[0084] ρ=RS / L

[0085] Where R represents the resistance of the conductor; ρ represents the resistivity of the conductor; L represents the length of the conductor; and S represents the cross-sectional area of the conductor.

[0086] Assuming that the third terminal 122 is formed of a rectangular parallelepiped conductor and has a size of 0.2 mm×0.2 mm×5 mm, then ρ=11.2Ω·m=1.12×10 3 Ω·cm. The converted resistivity of single crystal silicon doped boron conductor or single crystal silicon doped phosphorus conductor is 1.2×10 3 Ω·cm, the maximum resistance of the second resistor 123 is 1500KΩ, which meets the requirement.

[0087] In some embodiments, a plurality of third terminals 122 are arranged in parallel on the first insulating body 110. The root ends of the plurality of third terminals 122 are connected to the first resistor 123, and the free ends of the plurality of third terminals 122 extend close to the free end of the first insulating body 110. A plurality of fourth terminals 212 are arranged on the second insulating body 210, corresponding one-to-one to the third terminals 122. The root ends of the plurality of fourth terminals 212 are grounded, and the free ends of the plurality of fourth terminals 212 extend close to the free end of the second insulating body 210. The spacing between the free ends of the plurality of third terminals 122 and the free end of the first insulating body 110 gradually increases, while the spacing between the free ends of the plurality of fourth terminals 212 and the free end of the second insulating body 210 is the same. Thus, during the intercommunication between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200, the plurality of fourth terminals 212 sequentially contact and conduct electricity with the plurality of third terminals 122, i.e., the number of third terminals 122 that conduct electricity gradually increases. Since the plurality of third terminals 122 are connected in parallel, as the number of conductive third terminals 122 increases, the resistance of the second resistor 123 formed by the plurality of third terminals 122 gradually decreases. Conversely, during the process of disconnecting the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200, the plurality of fourth terminals 212 and the plurality of third terminals 122 are sequentially disconnected, that is, the number of conductive third terminals 122 gradually decreases, and accordingly, the resistance of the second resistor 123 gradually increases.

[0088] Of course, in a specific implementation, the spacing between the free ends of the plurality of fourth terminals 212 and the free end of the second insulating body 210 may be gradually increased, while the spacing between the free ends of the plurality of third terminals 122 and the free end of the first insulating body 110 may be the same. Alternatively, the spacing between the free ends of the plurality of third terminals 122 and the free end of the first insulating body 110, as well as the spacing between the free ends of the plurality of fourth terminals 212 and the free end of the second insulating body 210, may both be configured to gradually change in a stepwise manner, as long as the plurality of third terminals 122 and the plurality of fourth terminals 212 can be sequentially connected or disconnected during the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200.

[0089] In some embodiments, the third terminal 122 is formed by a strain body, and the strain body has a strain resistance effect, and its own resistance value will change as the stress changes. During the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200, the pressure applied by the fourth terminal 212 to the third terminal 122 gradually changes, and the stress of the third terminal 122 gradually changes accordingly, so that the resistance value of the second resistor 123 gradually changes. For example, during the process of plugging the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 into each other, the pressure applied by the fourth terminal 212 to the third terminal 122 gradually increases, and the resistance value of the second resistor 123 equivalently formed by the third terminal 122 can gradually increase; during the process of disconnecting the first plug-in component 100 and the second plug-in component 200 from each other, the pressure applied by the fourth terminal 212 to the third terminal 122 gradually decreases, and the resistance value of the second resistor 123 equivalently formed by the third terminal 122 can gradually decrease. In this way, the resistance of the second resistor 123 can gradually change with the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200, thereby achieving the purpose of detecting the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug component 100 and the second plug component 200.

[0090] See also Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical connection system, which includes an electronic device 300, a power supply 400 and an electrical connector as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the first terminal 111 is connected to the load of the electronic device 300, and the second terminal 211 is connected to the output end of the power supply 400.

[0091] Since the above-mentioned electrical connector can avoid the occurrence of surge phenomena from the root, the electrical connection system using the above-mentioned electrical connector can avoid the occurrence of surge phenomena when the electronic device 300 and the power supply 400 are connected or disconnected to each other through the electrical connector, which is beneficial to improving the safety factor of the electronic device 300 and the power supply 400.

[0092] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and scope of protection of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrical connector, characterized in that: include: A first plug-in component includes a first insulating body and a first terminal provided on the first insulating body; a second plug-in component comprising a second insulating body and a second terminal disposed on the second insulating body, the second plug-in component being configured to be plugged into the first plug-in component so that the second terminal and the first terminal contact each other to form an electric energy transmission branch for transmitting electric energy; a surge protection module, one end of which is connected to the first terminal, and the other end of which is connected to a power source or a load; the surge protection module is configured to detect the plugging and unplugging of the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, and to control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually increase during the plugging process of the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component; and to control the current of the power transmission branch to gradually decrease during the disconnection process of the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component; The surge protection module includes a detection unit and a control unit. The detection unit includes a third terminal provided on the first insulating body, and the second insulating body is provided with a fourth terminal corresponding to the third terminal. The detection unit further includes a first resistor, the third terminal is connected to the first terminal via the first resistor, and the fourth terminal is grounded; when the third terminal and the fourth terminal are in contact with each other, the third terminal is equivalent to forming a second resistor connected between the first resistor and the fourth terminal; During the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the relative positions of the third terminal and the fourth terminal change, the resistance value of the second resistor gradually changes, and the voltage between the first resistor and the second resistor gradually changes.

2. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The detection unit is used to detect the plugging and unplugging action between the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component; The control unit is connected to the power transmission branch and is used to respond to the detection result of the detection unit. During the process of the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component being plugged into each other, the control unit controls the current of the power transmission branch to gradually increase, and during the process of the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component being disconnected from each other, the control unit controls the current of the power transmission branch to gradually decrease.

3. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: During the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug component and the second plug component, as the relative position of the third terminal and the fourth terminal changes when they are in contact with each other, the power parameter of the third terminal gradually changes.

4. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The third terminal extends along the plugging and unplugging direction on the first insulating body, the root end of the third terminal is connected to the first resistor, and the free end of the third terminal is located near the free end of the first insulating body; the root end of the fourth terminal is grounded, and the free end of the fourth terminal is located near the free end of the second insulating body; During the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the resistance of the second resistor gradually changes as the position of the free end of the fourth terminal and the base position of the third terminal changes.

5. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The third terminal is formed by a single crystal silicon boron-doped conductor or a single crystal silicon phosphorus-doped conductor.

6. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of third terminals are arranged in parallel on the first insulating body, the root ends of the plurality of third terminals are connected to the first resistor, and the free ends of the plurality of third terminals extend to a position close to the free end of the first insulating body; The second insulating body is provided with a plurality of fourth terminals corresponding to the third terminals one by one, the root ends of the plurality of fourth terminals are all grounded, and the free ends of the plurality of fourth terminals are all extended to a position close to the free end of the second insulating body; The distance between the free ends of the plurality of third terminals and the free end of the first insulating body gradually increases, or the distance between the free ends of the plurality of fourth terminals and the free end of the second insulating body gradually increases, so that during the process of plugging and unplugging the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the plurality of third terminals and the plurality of fourth terminals are sequentially connected or disconnected, and the resistance value of the second resistor gradually changes.

7. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The third terminal is formed by a strain body; during the mutual plugging and unplugging process of the first plug-in component and the second plug-in component, the pressure applied by the fourth terminal to the third terminal gradually changes, and the stress of the third terminal gradually changes accordingly, so that the resistance value of the second resistor gradually changes.

8. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: The control unit includes a switching device, a first end of the switching device is connected to the first terminal, a second end of the switching device is used to connect to a power supply or a load, and a third end of the switching device is connected between the first resistor and the third terminal; the switching device adjusts the current of the power transmission branch as the voltage of the third end changes.

9. The electrical connector according to claim 8, wherein: A third resistor is connected between the first resistor and the third terminal, and the third end of the switch device is connected between the first resistor and the third resistor.

10. An electrical connection system, characterized in that: The device comprises an electronic device, a power supply, and the electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first terminal is connected to a load of the electronic device, and the second terminal is connected to an output end of the power supply.

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