Intramedullary nail aiming system

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intramedullary nail aiming system, comprising a handle (1) and a plurality of aiming modules. The plurality of aiming modules are configured to be detachably connected to the first end of the handle through the same positioning connection mechanism in a mutually replaceable manner, and include a proximal aiming module (50, 70) and a distal aiming module (30). The distal aiming module includes: a left conversion block (2) and a right conversion block that can be correspondingly selected according to the left femoral bone or the right femoral bone, and the left conversion block and the right conversion block are respectively adapted to be detachably connected to the first end of the handle through the positioning connection mechanism; and an aiming bracket (3), the aiming bracket includes a connecting portion (31) at its proximal end and an aiming portion (32) at its distal end, the connecting portion is used for connecting to the left conversion block or the right conversion block, and a guiding hole for aiming at the distal hole of the long intramedullary nail for the femur is formed on the aiming portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical devices, and more particularly to an intramedullary nail aiming system for aiming an intramedullary nail during implantation of the intramedullary nail into a human body. Background Art

[0002] Intramedullary nails belong to orthopedic internal fixation devices in medical devices, and are particularly suitable for treating fractures of long tubular bones. During intramedullary nail surgery, an aiming system (or aiming device) is usually required to assist in aiming outside the body in order to accurately implant corresponding auxiliary nails (such as lag screws, proximal and distal locking nails, etc.) into various holes on the intramedullary nail (main nail).

[0003] In order to adapt to different patients and / or different types of fractures, intramedullary nails have various different types or models (such as tibial intramedullary nails, proximal femoral intramedullary nails, femoral shaft intramedullary nails, etc.). Different types or models of intramedullary nails have different size specifications and holes with different uses / locations / sizes, resulting in differences in the aiming operations of the corresponding auxiliary nails. However, there is still room for improvement in the adaptability, ease of use, distal aiming, and component costs of the existing aiming systems for various different intramedullary nails. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above problems and / or other defects existing in the prior art.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides an intramedullary nail aiming system, including a handle and a plurality of aiming modules. The plurality of aiming modules are configured to be detachably connected to the first end of the handle through the same positioning connection mechanism in a mutually replaceable manner, and the plurality of aiming modules include: a proximal aiming module having a guiding hole for aiming at a proximal hole of a long intramedullary nail or a distal or proximal hole of a short intramedullary nail connected to the second end of the handle; and a distal aiming module having a guiding hole for aiming at a distal hole of a long femoral intramedullary nail connected to the second end of the handle. The distal aiming module includes: a left conversion block and a right conversion block that can be correspondingly selected according to the left femur or the right femur, and the left conversion block and the right conversion block are respectively adapted to be detachably connected to the first end of the handle through the positioning connection mechanism; and an aiming bracket including a connecting portion at its proximal end and an aiming portion at its distal end, the connecting portion being used for connecting to the left conversion block or the right conversion block, and the guiding hole for aiming at the distal hole of the long femoral intramedullary nail is formed on the aiming portion.

[0006] According to an exemplary configuration, the proximal end and the distal end of the aiming bracket define the longitudinal direction of the aiming bracket. The aiming portion is configured to extend in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction and includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion that are symmetric with respect to the longitudinal central plane of the aiming bracket. A left guiding hole for aiming at a first hole in the distal hole of the left long femoral intramedullary nail is formed on the first extension portion, and a right guiding hole for aiming at a first hole in the distal hole of the right long femoral intramedullary nail is formed on the second extension portion.

[0007] According to an exemplary configuration, the axes of the left guiding hole and the right guiding hole respectively have inclined angles with respect to the longitudinal central plane of the aiming bracket, and the angles respectively correspond to the orientations of the first hole in the distal hole of the left long femoral intramedullary nail and the first hole in the distal hole of the right long femoral intramedullary nail.

[0008] According to an exemplary configuration, a first guiding hole is formed on the aiming portion. The first guiding hole is located on the longitudinal central plane of the aiming bracket and is used for aiming at a positioning hole in the distal hole of the long femoral intramedullary nail. And the distal aiming module further includes a positioning rod, and the positioning rod is adapted to be inserted into the first guiding hole and reach the positioning hole under the guidance of the first guiding hole.

[0009] According to an exemplary configuration, the aiming bracket further includes a limiting member for limiting the positioning rod inserted into the first guiding hole. A groove transverse to and communicating with the first guiding hole is formed on the distal end face of the aiming portion, and the limiting member is at least partially disposed in the groove.

[0010] According to an exemplary configuration, the limiting member includes: a first spring disposed in the groove; and a button movably connected to the aiming portion. The button is at least partially disposed in the groove and interacts with the first spring to slide in the groove, and a hole for the positioning rod to pass through is formed on the button.

[0011] According to an exemplary configuration, the aiming portion is provided with a second guiding hole for aiming at a second hole in the distal hole of the long femoral intramedullary nail.

[0012] According to an exemplary configuration, at least two gear holes are formed on the connecting portion of the aiming bracket, and the at least two gear holes are arranged in sequence along the direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the aiming bracket to connect the aiming bracket to the left conversion block or the right conversion block at different positions.

[0013] According to an exemplary configuration, the aiming bracket is configured as a ruyi-shaped member, wherein the connecting portion is located at the handle portion of the ruyi-shaped member, and the aiming portion is located at the head portion of the ruyi-shaped member.

[0014] According to an exemplary configuration, both the left conversion block and the right conversion block include a base, the base including a coupling portion for connecting to the handle and an extension portion extending from the coupling portion, wherein the connecting portion of the aiming bracket is connected to the extension portion of the left conversion block or the right conversion block, and for the states where the left conversion block or the right conversion block is respectively mounted to the handle, the extension portions of the left conversion block and the right conversion block are located on opposite sides with respect to the handle to respectively adapt to the orientations of the distal holes of the left-leg long femoral intramedullary nail and the right-leg long femoral intramedullary nail.

[0015] According to an exemplary configuration, both the left conversion block and the right conversion block include: a disk having a disk driving portion, a disk connecting portion, and a disk operating portion, wherein the disk driving portion has a track; and a rotating block having a rotating end portion and a sliding end portion, the sliding end portion being slidably connected to the track, the connecting portion of the aiming bracket being connected to the rotating block such that the orientation of the aiming bracket can be adjusted due to the operation of the disk operating portion and via the cooperation of the track and the sliding end portion; wherein the extension portion includes a main body portion and a mounting portion located at an end away from the coupling portion, and both the disk connecting portion and the rotating end portion are rotatably connected to the mounting portion.

[0016] According to an exemplary configuration, the rotating end portion of the rotating block includes a positioning post and a rotating shaft extending from the positioning post, a rotating shaft hole for receiving the rotating shaft is formed in the mounting portion, and the mounting portion includes a positioning surface abutting against an end surface of the positioning post, wherein the positioning surface is perpendicular to the axis of a positioning hole at the distal end of the intramedullary nail corresponding to the left conversion block or the right conversion block where it is located.

[0017] According to an exemplary configuration, the plurality of aiming modules include at least two proximal aiming modules configured to be able to respectively aim at the holes of different intramedullary nails.

[0018] According to an exemplary configuration, the at least two proximal aiming modules are configured to be able to respectively aim at the corresponding head and neck nail holes of femoral intramedullary nails having different neck-shaft angles.

[0019] According to an exemplary configuration, the plurality of aiming modules includes at least one multi-purpose proximal aiming module that is integrated with a locking screw guiding hole for aiming at the locking holes of the intramedullary nail connected to the second end of the handle, and a lesser trochanter guiding hole for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the femur and / or a device guiding hole for guiding a head-neck screw auxiliary aiming device.

[0020] According to an exemplary configuration, a plurality of locking screw guiding holes are provided on the multi-purpose proximal aiming module, and the plurality of locking screw guiding holes are adapted to aim at the proximal locking holes of a long intramedullary nail or the distal locking holes or proximal locking holes of a short intramedullary nail.

[0021] According to an exemplary configuration, the lesser trochanter guiding holes include a left guiding hole and a right guiding hole, which are respectively used for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the left femur and the lesser trochanter of the right femur.

[0022] According to an exemplary configuration, the left guiding hole and the right guiding hole are respectively oriented such that an insert inserted thereunder into the corresponding femur does not interfere with the intramedullary nail disposed within the corresponding femur.

[0023] According to an exemplary configuration, the left guiding hole and the right guiding hole are respectively oriented such that their central axes form an angle of 4-12 degrees with respect to the longitudinal central plane of the multi-purpose proximal aiming module.

[0024] According to an exemplary configuration, the head-neck screw auxiliary aiming device includes a tension screw sleeve assembly that is partially received in the device guiding hole. The tension screw sleeve assembly is provided with a head-neck screw guiding hole for aiming at the head-neck screw hole on the intramedullary nail, and includes: an adjusting nut that is fixed in the axial direction relative to the multi-purpose proximal aiming module but can rotate freely, and a tension screw sleeve that can move in the axial direction by the rotation of the adjusting nut, wherein the head-neck screw can pass through the adjusting nut and the tension screw sleeve.

[0025] According to an exemplary configuration, the tension screw sleeve assembly further includes a sliding sleeve disposed between the adjusting nut and the tension screw sleeve and a spring disposed within the sliding sleeve and surrounding the tension screw sleeve. One end of the spring abuts against the end stop flange of the tension screw sleeve, and the other end abuts against the annular flange on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve.

[0026] According to an exemplary configuration, the end face of the sliding sleeve always remains flush with the end face of the adjusting nut.

[0027] According to an exemplary configuration, the head and neck screw guiding holes include a lag screw guiding hole and a compression screw guiding hole provided in the lag screw sleeve, wherein the lag screw guiding hole intersects with the compression screw guiding hole within the lag screw sleeve.

[0028] According to an exemplary configuration, it further includes a mating mechanism configured to detachably connect the intramedullary nail to the second end of the handle, and the mating mechanism includes an adaptation assembly adapted to intramedullary nails of different size specifications.

[0029] The intramedullary nail aiming system according to the present invention has at least one or more of the following beneficial effects: By constructing the intramedullary nail aimer to include a detachably connected handle and a plurality of mutually replaceable different aiming modules, the reuse of the aimer handle can be achieved for different types or models of intramedullary nails, saving the number of components and the corresponding production and stocking costs, and can also meet the need for temporarily and quickly replacing different intramedullary nails during the operation; By introducing a distal aiming module among the plurality of aiming modules, the problem of difficult distal aiming and locking commonly existing in long intramedullary nails can be solved, expanding the scope of use and scenarios of the intramedullary nail aimer; By providing a left conversion block and a right conversion block that can be selected according to the left and right femoral bones in the distal aiming module, the same distal aiming bracket for intramedullary nails of the femur can be applicable to long intramedullary nails of the left and right femurs at the same time, reducing the number and cost of aiming instruments and simplifying the operation during the surgery; By introducing different proximal aiming modules among the plurality of aiming modules, aiming can be achieved for different models or neck-shaft angles of intramedullary nails, improving the applicability of the intramedullary nail aimer and providing the possibility for conveniently replacing different intramedullary nails to be implanted temporarily during the operation; By integrating multiple different aiming functions on the same proximal aiming module, the number and cost of aiming modules can also be saved. In particular, the lesser trochanter guiding hole provided on the proximal aiming module enables the reduction of the lesser trochanter of the femur, expanding the use function of the aiming system, making it more convenient for doctors and thus more willing to perform the reduction treatment of the lesser trochanter of the femur, improving the overall curative effect on patients. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following drawings are merely schematic and not necessarily drawn to scale, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present application, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic exploded view of an intramedullary nail aiming system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a three-dimensional schematic view of the intramedullary nail aiming system shown when working with a distal aiming module;

[0033] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a three-dimensional exploded view of the intramedullary nail aiming system shown;

[0034] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a front view of the intramedullary nail aiming system shown as viewed from a direction directly opposite the handle and the left femoral intramedullary nail;

[0035] Figure 5 is Figure 2 a front view of the aiming bracket in the distal aiming module shown;

[0036] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a sectional view of the aiming bracket along line A-A shown;

[0037] Figure 7 is Figure 2 a three-dimensional view of the left conversion block in the distal aiming module shown;

[0038] Figure 8 is Figure 7 a three-dimensional exploded view of the left conversion block shown;

[0039] Figure 9 is a front view of the disc in the left / right conversion block;

[0040] Figure 10 is Figure 9 a sectional view of the disc along line L-L shown;

[0041] Figure 11 is Figure 9 a left view of the disc shown;

[0042] Figure 12 is Figure 7 a top view of the left conversion block shown;

[0043] Figure 13 is a three-dimensional exploded view showing an exemplary connection structure between the left conversion block and the handle.

[0044] Figure 14 is Figure 1 a three-dimensional view of the operating state of the intramedullary nail aiming system when using a versatile proximal aiming module to implant locking nails into the reduction holes in the femur using a lesser trochanter handling device;

[0045] Figure 15 is Figure 1 a schematic view showing the assembled state of the tension screw sleeve assembly in the proximal aiming module when the intramedullary nail aiming system is operating with a versatile proximal aiming module;

[0046] Figure 16 is Figure 15 an exploded schematic view of the tension screw sleeve assembly shown;

[0047] Figure 17 is Figure 15 a cross-sectional schematic view of the tension screw sleeve assembly shown; and

[0048] Figure 18 is Figure 1 an exploded state schematic view of a handle in an intramedullary nail aiming system and an exemplary mating mechanism shown. Detailed Embodiment

[0049] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand and implement the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that some of these specific details may not be required for the implementation of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. Instead, any combination of the features and elements described below may be considered for implementing the present invention, regardless of whether they relate to different embodiments. Therefore, the aspects, features, embodiments, and advantages described below are for illustrative purposes only and should not be regarded as elements or limitations of the claims, unless expressly recited in the claims.

[0050] Any directional descriptions that may be used in the following description, such as "proximal" / "proximal end", "distal" / "distal end", etc., are for convenience of description only and are not intended to impose any limitation on the technical solution of the invention, unless otherwise expressly stated. It should be noted that in this document, the insertion end of the intramedullary nail is the distal end, and the end opposite to the insertion end, i.e., the connection end to the handle, is the proximal end. The direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the intramedullary nail is the distal direction, and vice versa. As used herein, "distal" / "distal side" generally refers to the end / side closer to the distal direction relative to the other end / side, and "proximal" / "proximal side" generally refers to the end / side closer to the proximal direction relative to the other end / side. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are used in the following to describe the elements of the present application. These terms are only used to distinguish the various elements and are not intended to limit the nature, sequence, order, or number of these elements.

[0051] Refer to Figure 1 , which shows an exploded state schematic view of an intramedullary nail aiming system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The intramedullary nail aiming system includes a handle 1 and a plurality (illustrated as three in the figure) of aiming modules 30, 50, 70. The handle 1 extends curvedly from its first end ( Figure 1 the right end in Figure 1at the left end of), and a targeting module and an intramedullary nail are respectively connected to the first end and the second end, so as to perform a targeting operation on the intramedullary nail by using the targeting module during an intramedullary nail surgery. In the present invention, the plurality of targeting modules 30, 50, 70 are preferably different from each other (thus can be used for targeting operations on different intramedullary nails), and are detachably connected to the first end of the handle 1 in a mutually replaceable manner. Correspondingly, the second end of the handle 1 can also be detachably connected to a variety of different intramedullary nails to perform a matching targeting operation by using different targeting modules. Figure 1 Four types of intramedullary nails 81, 82, 83, 84 are shown, which have different size specifications and / or holes with different uses / locations / sizes, and will be further described below.

[0052] In view of the fact that there are various types or models of intramedullary nails, the corresponding targeting operations will also vary. For this reason, in the prior art, often a separate set of aiming devices is equipped for each type of intramedullary nail, including a handle and a corresponding aiming bracket that specifically implements the aiming function, and the handle and the aiming bracket are often manufactured or fixed into one body. This will lead to a significant increase in the number of components of the aiming device, bringing huge production and inventory costs.

[0053] According to the present invention, the handle and the aiming bracket in the aiming device are separated, and different aiming brackets for different types of intramedullary nails are configured in the form of a plurality of replaceable modules having a unified interface connected to the handle. In this way, on the one hand, during an intramedullary nail surgery, the intramedullary nail can be first connected to the handle without an aiming bracket or a targeting module and thus a shorter handle, and the shorter handle is convenient for the surgeon to hold and operate, which is beneficial to the implantation of the intramedullary nail; on the other hand, the plurality of replaceable targeting modules are detachably connected to the same handle, which can realize the reuse of the handle, thereby reducing the number of components of the aiming devices required to be manufactured and stocked for different types of intramedullary nails and saving costs. In addition, if it is temporarily found during the surgery that different types or specifications of intramedullary nails need to be replaced, the reuse of the handle can save the time and disinfection procedures required to replace a whole set of components of the aiming device as in the prior art, thereby accelerating the surgical process and enhancing the surgical experience of the patient and the doctor.

[0054] In Figure 1Among the four exemplary intramedullary nails 81, 82, 83, and 84 shown, the intramedullary nails 81 and 82 are short intramedullary nails (for example, both are typical proximal femoral intramedullary nails, only with slightly different length specifications), while the intramedullary nails 83 and 84 are long intramedullary nails (wherein, the intramedullary nail 83 is, for example, a femoral shaft intramedullary nail, and the intramedullary nail 84 is, for example, a long proximal femoral intramedullary nail). Generally speaking, a short intramedullary nail refers to an intramedullary nail whose main nail length is above the femoral isthmus, while a long intramedullary nail refers to an intramedullary nail whose main nail length crosses the isthmus and reaches the femoral condyle. Various holes for receiving corresponding auxiliary nails are provided on various intramedullary nails. For example, the four illustrated intramedullary nails 81 to 84 all have proximal holes 811 ( Figure 1 only marked on the intramedullary nail 81 in Figure 1 ) for receiving head-neck nails (such as lag screws or compression screws) at their proximal portions. The intramedullary nail 83 also has proximal holes 831, 832 for receiving locking nails at its proximal portion; in addition, the four intramedullary nails all have distal holes 812, 822, 833, 834, 835 for receiving locking nails or for positioning at their distal portions.

[0055] It can be seen that the proximal holes and distal holes of the short intramedullary nails 81, 82 and the proximal holes of the long intramedullary nails 83, 84 can all be aimed at within a range relatively close to the second end of the handle 1 by using a conventional aiming bracket. However, the distal holes of the long intramedullary nails 83, 84 are all within a range relatively far from the second end of the handle 1. Since such intramedullary nails are overall in the shape of a slender rod, they are prone to large deformations under the influence of the medullary cavity during the implantation process, which makes it easy for the traditional aiming device to miss the target when aiming at the distal holes relatively far from the second end of the handle, and thus it is difficult to perform distal positioning and locking. Therefore, a special aiming bracket needs to be designed separately for this.

[0056] In view of the above situation, the aiming module in the intramedullary nail aiming system according to the present invention can be divided into a proximal aiming module and a distal aiming module. In this article, the proximal aiming module refers to an aiming bracket that aims at various holes within a range relatively close to the second end of the intramedullary nail connected to the second end of the handle 1. For this purpose, it can, for example, have guiding holes for aiming at the proximal holes of the long intramedullary nail or the distal holes or proximal holes of the short intramedullary nail; while the distal aiming module refers to an aiming bracket that aims at various holes within a range relatively far from the second end of the intramedullary nail connected to the second end of the handle 1. For this purpose, it can, for example, have guiding holes for aiming at the distal holes of the long intramedullary nail. In Figure 1 the embodiment of Figure 1 , the aiming module 30 is a distal aiming module, while the aiming modules 50, 70 are proximal aiming modules.

[0057] An embodiment in which the intramedullary nail aiming system according to the present invention operates using the distal aiming module 30 will be described in detail below. As Figures 2 to 4As shown, the distal aiming module 30 can be used to aim at the distal holes of the long femoral intramedullary nail 4 connected to the second end of the handle 1 through the mating mechanism 7. The long femoral intramedullary nail 4 can be, for example, of the same type as the intramedullary nail 83 shown in Figure 1 and is shown in the figure as a type suitable for the left leg. The distal aiming module 30 can include a left conversion block 2 and a right conversion block (not shown) that can be correspondingly selected according to the left femoral bone or the right femoral bone, and an aiming bracket 3. The left conversion block 2 and the right conversion block are respectively adapted to be detachably connected to the first end of the handle 1. As shown in the figure, the aiming bracket 3 includes a connecting portion 31 at its proximal end and an aiming portion 32 at its distal end. The connecting portion 31 is used to connect to the left conversion block 2 or the right conversion block. A guiding hole for aiming at the distal holes of the long femoral intramedullary nail 4 is formed on the aiming portion 32.

[0058] For ease of explanation and understanding, Figure 4 a front view is shown as seen from the angle directly facing the handle 1 and the left leg long femoral intramedullary nail 4. It can be seen from this the bending curve of the left leg long femoral intramedullary nail 4 and the orientation of the positioning hole 42 in its distal hole. The bending shape and the orientation of the positioning hole of the right leg long femoral intramedullary nail are in a mirror image state with respect to the bending shape and the orientation of the positioning hole of the left leg long femoral intramedullary nail. In the above example of the present invention, by providing the left conversion block and the right conversion block and selecting the left / right conversion block as needed, the same distal aiming module or aiming bracket can be applicable to both the orientation of the distal positioning hole of the left leg long femoral intramedullary nail and the orientation of the distal positioning hole of the right leg long femoral intramedullary nail. This avoids the use of different aiming modules for the left and right femoral bones, reduces the number of instrument components, lowers the cost, increases the functional integration degree of the instrument, and can also simplify the intraoperative operation. Because the intramedullary nail aiming system according to the present invention includes such a distal aiming module, it can solve the problem that is commonly present in long intramedullary nails, which is difficult to perform distal aiming and locking, and expands the usage range and scenarios of the intramedullary nail aimer. The specific and preferred structures of the left and right conversion blocks will be described in detail later.

[0059] As an example, Figures 2 to 4The shown long femoral intramedullary nail 4 has three common distal holes: a first hole 41, a second hole 43, and a positioning hole 42. The axis directions of the positioning hole 42 and the second hole 43 are the same, and the axis of the first hole 41 has a certain angle with the axes of the positioning hole 42 and the second hole 43, and is designed as a long slot type. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the most distal hole 42 on the long femoral intramedullary nail 4 is used as the positioning hole. By passing the positioning rod 5 through the first guiding hole 321 on the distal aiming part 32 of the aiming bracket 3 and fixing it into the positioning hole 42, the positioning and fixing of the aiming bracket 3 are first realized, and then, taking this as a reference, the remaining distal holes are aimed at and locking nails are implanted through the remaining guiding holes on the distal aiming part of the aiming bracket 3, which will be further described below. It should be noted that although in the drawings and in this text, the long femoral intramedullary nail having the above three typical distal holes is taken as an example for description, those skilled in the art can understand that the structure of the long femoral intramedullary nail that the intramedullary nail aiming system of the present invention can aim at is not limited to this, and its distal holes can be of various numbers, types, and orientations, all within the application scope of the present invention.

[0060] As Figure 2 It can be seen that, as an example, the aiming bracket 3 defines a longitudinal direction between the proximal end and the distal end of the aiming bracket, wherein the aiming part 32 of the aiming bracket 3 is configured to extend in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction to form various guiding holes for aiming at the distal holes of the long femoral intramedullary nail 4 in the aiming part 32.

[0061] In this example, by designing the aiming part 32 at the distal end of the aiming bracket 3 into an extended structure in the transverse direction, the area of the aiming part is larger, the coverage range is wider, and various guiding holes or aiming holes can be set thereon as needed.

[0062] As Figures 2 to 6 As shown, in a preferred example of the present invention, the aiming bracket 3 is configured as a ruyi-shaped member, wherein the connecting part 31 is located at the handle part of the ruyi-shaped member, and the aiming part 32 is located at the head part of the ruyi-shaped member. By designing the aiming bracket into a ruyi shape, it can not only meet the functions of the extended aiming part and the handle-shaped connecting part, but also achieve the aesthetics in appearance and save materials, combining functionality and aesthetics.

[0063] Exemplarily, as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the aiming part 32 includes a first extended part 322 and a second extended part 323 that are symmetric with respect to the longitudinal central plane of the aiming bracket 3. A left guiding hole 3221 for aiming at the first hole 41 at the distal end of the left long femoral intramedullary nail 4 is formed on the first extended part 322, and a right guiding hole 3231 for aiming at the first hole at the distal end of the right long femoral intramedullary nail is formed on the second extended part 323.

[0064] Through the design of the extension portion of the aiming portion 32 in this example, the aiming of the distal holes of the long femoral intramedullary nails of the left and right legs by the same aiming bracket is achieved with a simple structure. It can be applied to the femoral intramedullary nails of the left and right legs without assembly and switching, thereby reducing the number of parts, costs and operational complexity.

[0065] Preferably, if Figure 5 As shown, the central axes of the left guide hole 3221 and the right guide hole 3231 have an inclined angle with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the aiming bracket 3, respectively, and the angles correspond to the orientations of the first hole 41 at the distal end of the left leg long femoral intramedullary nail and the first hole at the distal end of the right leg long femoral intramedullary nail. The first hole 41 (the long slot-shaped hole shown in the figure) at the distal end of the left leg long femoral intramedullary nail is aimed at by the left guide hole 3221, so that the desired type of locking nail can be implanted into the first hole 41 under the guidance of the guide hole.

[0066] Preferably, a first guide hole 321 is also formed on the aiming portion 32, the first guide hole is located on the longitudinal center plane of the aiming bracket 3 and is used to aim at the positioning hole 42 at the distal end of the intramedullary nail; and the distal aiming module also includes a positioning rod 5, the positioning rod 5 is suitable for being inserted into the first guide hole 321 and reaching the positioning hole 42 under the guidance of the first guide hole.

[0067] In this preferred example, after the first guide hole 321 on the aiming bracket 3 is aligned with the positioning hole 42 at the distal end of the long femoral intramedullary nail, the positioning rod 5 is inserted into the guide hole 321 (a sleeve may also be provided as shown in the figure, and the positioning rod is inserted into the sleeve) and reaches the positioning hole 42 under the guidance of the guide hole. Figure 3 Visibly having the thread identical with the thread of locking nail, the threaded end of positioning rod 5 is screwed into this positioning hole 42, realizes the aiming and positioning of the far end of aiming support 3 and long femoral intramedullary nail.After this positioning, can guide corresponding locking nail to enter into the corresponding locking hole (for example first hole 41 and second hole 43) of long femoral intramedullary nail by the remaining guide holes (for example left guide hole 3221 / right guide hole 3231 and the second guide hole 325 for aiming the second hole 43 of the far end of long femoral intramedullary nail) on aiming part 32.As mentioned above, also can be provided with the remaining guide holes as required on the aiming part 32 of extended structure, to aim at the distal hole of other needs on long femoral intramedullary nail.

[0068] Through the cooperation between the positioning rod 5 in the above example and the first guide hole 321 on the aiming bracket, the stable fixation of the aiming bracket 3 and the distal end of the long femoral intramedullary nail is ensured, and a reference is provided for the aiming of all the distal holes of the intramedullary nail. Therefore, without causing additional damage to the human body, the aiming of all the distal holes of the intramedullary nail can be achieved in one step.

[0069] likeFigure 3 , 5 As shown in FIGS. 6, the aiming bracket 3 further includes a limiting member 6 for limiting the positioning rod 5 inserted into the first guiding hole 321. A groove 324 transverse to and communicating with the first guiding hole 321 is formed on the distal end face of the aiming portion 32. The limiting member 6 is at least partially disposed in the groove 324. In this structure, the position of the positioning rod 5 can be more stably maintained by providing the limiting member 6.

[0070] Exemplarily, the limiting member 6 includes a first spring 61 disposed in the groove 324 and a button 62 movably connected to the aiming portion 32 (for example, by a long groove formed in the button 62 and a pin 63 extending into the long groove). The button 62 is at least partially disposed in the groove 324 and interacts with the first spring 61 to slide in the groove 324. A hole for the positioning rod 5 to pass through is formed on the button. This exemplary structure facilitates the passing of the positioning rod 5 by pressing the button, and realizes the holding of the positioning rod 5 under the action of the spring. The limiting member of this exemplary structure is easy to operate and has a simple structure. However, those skilled in the art can understand that although the structure of this limiting member is preferred, other structures of the limiting member can also be used, all within the scope of the present invention.

[0071] As Figure 3 , 5 As shown in FIGS. 6, a guiding hole 33 for guiding the placement of an imaging device (such as a C-arm machine) may further be formed on the aiming bracket 3. When the X-ray emitted by the C-arm machine is aligned with the guiding hole 33, it means that the C-arm machine is placed in place. The setting of the guiding hole 33 improves the accuracy and efficiency of surgical operations.

[0072] Preferably, both the handle 1 and / or the aiming bracket 3 can be made of a material that can be penetrated by X-rays, such as carbon fiber, which can avoid blocking X-ray imaging.

[0073] As Figures 2 to 5 shown, the connecting portion 31 of the aiming bracket 3 may be formed with at least two gear holes 311, and the at least two gear holes 311 are arranged in sequence along the direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the aiming bracket 3 to connect the aiming bracket 3 to the left conversion block 2 or the right conversion block at different positions. This exemplary structure enables the effective length of the aiming bracket 3 to be adjusted according to the specific conditions of the patient and the specific model of the long femoral intramedullary nail.

[0074] In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of aligning the first guiding hole 321 on the aiming portion 32 at the distal end of the aiming bracket 3 with the positioning hole 42 at the distal end of the long femoral intramedullary nail, reduce the operation difficulty for the operator to aim the two and then insert the positioning rod 5 into the positioning hole 42, and reduce the time required for the operation, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the left-right conversion block is also arranged to be able to adjust or finely adjust the position of the aiming bracket 3, and the design of the structure of the left-right conversion block also enables it to be respectively adapted to the orientations of the distal positioning holes of the left-leg femoral intramedullary nail and the right-leg femoral intramedullary nail.

[0075] Figures 7 to 13 The left conversion block 2 is shown in an exemplary form, and the structure of the left-right conversion block is described herein by taking the left conversion block 2 as an example. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, both the left conversion block 2 and the right conversion block include a base 23, and the base 23 includes a coupling portion 231 for connecting to the handle 1 and an extension portion 232 extending from the coupling portion 231, wherein the aiming bracket 3 is connected to the extension portion 232 of the left conversion block 2 or the right conversion block, and for the states where the left conversion block 2 and the right conversion block are respectively connected to the handle (combined Figure 2 and 4 ), the extension portion 232 of the left conversion block 2 and the extension portion of the right conversion block are located on opposite sides of the handle to respectively adapt to the orientations of the distal positioning holes of the left-leg long femoral intramedullary nail and the right-leg long femoral intramedullary nail. In this example, the adaptation to the orientations of the distal positioning holes of the left- and right-leg long femoral intramedullary nails is achieved by the extension portion 232 of the left conversion block extending on one side of the handle 1 and the extension portion of the right conversion block extending on the other side of the handle 1. The structures of the left and right conversion blocks are simple and easy to implement. Preferably, as Figure 7 、 8 and Fig. 12 show, the base 23 extends in an arc shape.

[0076] The left conversion block 2 and the right conversion block are connected to the aiming bracket 3. In addition to the function of adapting to the orientations of the distal positioning holes of the left- and right-leg long femoral intramedullary nails pointed out above, they also have a function of finely adjusting the orientation of the aiming bracket 3 to facilitate the alignment of the guiding hole 321 on the aiming bracket 3 with the distal positioning hole 42 of the left- and right-leg long femoral intramedullary nails. Specifically, as Figures 7 to 13As shown, the left conversion block 2 further includes a disk 22 and a rotating block 24. The disk 22 has a disk driving portion 221, a disk connecting portion 222, and a disk operating portion 223, wherein the disk driving portion 221 has a track; the rotating block 24 has a rotating end 241 and a sliding end 242, and the sliding end 242 is slidably connected to the track. The aiming bracket is connected to the rotating block 24 such that the orientation of the aiming bracket can be adjusted due to the operation of the disk operating portion 223 through the cooperation of the track and the sliding end 242. The extension portion 232 includes a main body portion 2321 and a mounting portion 2322 located at the end away from the joint portion 231. The disk connecting portion 222 and the rotating end 241 are rotatably connected to the mounting portion 2322.

[0077] As Figures 7 to 13 can be seen, the rotating end 241 has a rotating shaft 2411, and the disk connecting portion 222 is a cylindrical protrusion (see Figure 10 , 11 ). The mounting portion 2322 of the base 23 has a rotating shaft hole 233 and a disk connecting hole 234. The rotating shaft 2411 is rotatably connected in the rotating shaft hole 233, and the cylindrical protrusion is rotatably connected in the disk connecting hole 234. The sliding end 242 has a sliding shaft 2421 and a ball screw 2422, and the ball screw 2422 is connected inside the sliding shaft 2421. The track of the disk driving portion 221 is a spiral groove, and the cross-section of the spiral groove is a dovetail shape. The longitudinal section of the sliding shaft 2421 is a trapezoid, and the two cooperate to make the sliding shaft 2421 slidably connected in the spiral groove. The ball screw 2422 extends from one end of the sliding shaft 2421 close to the disk 22 and forms a cooperation with a small round pit 2211 in the spiral groove (see Figure 9 ), strengthening the cooperation tightness and improving the gear feeling. By rotating the disk operating portion 223, when the disk 22 is rotated counterclockwise or clockwise, the disk 22 drives the rotating block 24 to rotate around the rotating shaft 2411 and under the guidance of the spiral groove. The angle of rotation of the rotating block 24 is reflected in the adjustment of the aiming bracket 3 connected to the rotating block 24, facilitating the alignment of the guiding hole 321 at the distal end of the aiming bracket 3 with the positioning hole 42 at the distal end of the long femoral intramedullary nail, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the distal fixation step of the long femoral intramedullary nail.

[0078] Preferably, as Figure 7 , 8As shown, the rotating end 241 of the rotating block 24 includes a positioning post 2412, and the rotating shaft 2411 extends from the positioning post toward the mounting portion 2322. When the rotating shaft 2411 is in place after extending into the rotating shaft hole 233, the positioning surface 235 on the mounting portion abuts against the end face of the positioning post 2412, thus positioning the rotating block 24, wherein the positioning surface 235 is perpendicular to the axis of the distal positioning hole 42 of the long femoral intramedullary nail corresponding to the conversion block. Through the setting of the orientation of the positioning surface 235, it is ensured in design that the aiming bracket 3 positioned on the rotating block 24 is aligned with the distal positioning hole 42 of the long femoral intramedullary nail. During the actual surgical process, when the long femoral intramedullary nail 4 is inserted into the medullary cavity and deformed by the structures in the medullary cavity, the alignment of the guiding hole on the aiming bracket with the distal positioning hole 42 can also be achieved under the fine adjustment of the disc and the rotating block as described above. The combination of the two measures further improves the alignment efficiency and accuracy, reduces the operation difficulty for the operator to align the two and then insert the positioning rod into the positioning hole, and reduces the time required for the operation.

[0079] Exemplarily, as Figure 7 、 8 shown, the mounting portion 2322 protrudes toward the side where the disc 22 and the rotating block 24 are located relative to the main body portion 2321. With this structure, the positioning surface 235 on the mounting portion 2322 is formed, and the thickness of the main body portion 2321 of the extension portion is reduced, saving materials and reducing the weight of the left / right conversion block.

[0080] In the present invention, in order to enable simple and rapid switching between multiple aiming modules in the intramedullary nail aiming system, each aiming module is connected to the first end of the handle 1 through the same positioning connection mechanism. Figure 7 、 8 12, 13 show the details of the positioning connection mechanism on the distal aiming module 30 as an example. As shown, in an example of the present invention, the joint portion 231 on the base 23 of the left conversion block 2 of the distal aiming module includes an interface plane 2311 that abuts against the end face of the first end of the handle 1. The positioning connection mechanism includes a positioning pin 2312, an anti-rotation pin 2313, and a locking pin 2314 that protrude from the interface plane toward the handle 1, and three pin holes and corresponding locking devices provided in the handle 1 for respectively receiving these pins. Alternatively, the above three pins can be provided on the handle 1, while the corresponding pin holes and locking devices are provided in the distal aiming module. The positioning connection mechanism uses three pins to connect to the handle, and the connection effect is more stable and reliable. As Figure 7As shown, preferably, the positions of the positioning pin 2312, the anti-rotation pin 2313, and the locking pin 2314 on the interface plane 2311 form the vertices of a triangle. More preferably, the anti-rotation pin 2313 has a non-circular cross-section. The design of the non-circular cross-section avoids overconstraint of each pin in the corresponding pin hole and facilitates the installation of the left / right conversion block. During the process of the left / right conversion block being inserted towards the handle 1, the positioning of the left / right conversion block relative to the handle 1 is achieved by preferably using the longer positioning pin 2312 among the three pins, the rotation of the left / right conversion block relative to the handle 1 is prevented by the anti-rotation pin 2313, and the locking is achieved by the combination of the locking pin 2314 and the locking component provided on the handle 1.

[0081] As Figure 13 shown, a locking device 13 for locking the locking pin 2314 of the conversion block is provided in the handle 1. A locking hole 11 is formed on the handle and extends from its outer surface inwardly and communicates with the insertion hole (not shown) of the locking pin 2314 in the handle. The locking device 13 is partially provided in the locking hole 11. Exemplarily, as Figure 13 shown, the locking device 13 includes a spring 131 provided at the bottom of the locking hole 11 and a locking member 132 movably connected to the handle 1. The locking member 132 can slide in the locking hole 11 under the action of the spring 131; a first stop surface (invisible from the perspective in Figure 13 ) is formed on the locking pin 2314, and a second stop surface 1321 cooperating with the first stop surface is provided on the locking member 132. When the locking pin 2314 is inserted in place, the second stop surface 1321 abuts against the first stop surface of the locking pin 2314 to prevent the left / right conversion block from disengaging in the direction away from the handle 1. When it is necessary to remove the left / right conversion block from the handle 1, by pressing the locking member 132, the spring 131 is compressed, the second stop surface 1321 moves, and the locking pin 2314 is released, then the left / right conversion block can be pulled out from the handle.

[0082] It should be noted that for the structures of the left conversion block and the right conversion block, except that the orientations of the positioning pin 2312, the anti-rotation pin 2313, and the locking pin 2314 at the interface plane 2311 adopt the same design to ensure that both the left and right conversion blocks are adapted to the handle 1, the rest are the same mirror-image structures. Therefore, although the structure of the left conversion block is used as an example to illustrate the structures of the left and right conversion blocks in this article and the structure of the right conversion block is not shown in the drawings, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the structure of the right conversion block from the description in this article and the drawings.

[0083] Next, the proximal aiming module in the intramedullary nail aiming system according to the present invention will be described in detail. The proximal aiming module may have the conventional function of aiming at the proximal hole of a long intramedullary nail or the distal or proximal hole of a short intramedullary nail. For example, Figure 1The proximal aiming module 70 shown may have various guiding holes 721, 722, 723, 724. Among them, the guiding hole 721 can be used to aim at the distal hole 822 on the relatively shorter short proximal femoral intramedullary nail 82, the guiding hole 723 can be used to aim at the distal hole 812 on the relatively longer short proximal femoral intramedullary nail 81, and the guiding holes 722, 724 can be used, for example, to aim at the proximal holes 831, 832 of the femoral shaft intramedullary nail 83; the distal holes 822, 812 and the proximal holes 831, 832 are all locking holes that can be used to receive locking nails, so the guiding holes 721, 723, 722, 724 are called locking nail guiding holes in this article. In addition, guiding holes 725, 726 for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the femur (suitable for the left and right legs respectively, collectively referred to as lesser trochanter guiding holes in this article) can also be provided on the proximal aiming module 70, so that the reduction treatment of the lesser trochanter can be implemented (which will be described in more detail below). Another guiding hole 727 on the proximal aiming module 70 can be used to guide a head-neck nail auxiliary aiming device (which will be described in more detail below) to aim at the proximal hole 811 for receiving the head-neck nail on various intramedullary nails, so it is called a device guiding hole in this article. Thus, a variety of the above-mentioned guiding holes capable of applying different aiming operations suitable for different intramedullary nails are integrated on the same proximal aiming module 22, achieving multiple functions with one device. Compared with using different complete sets of aiming devices for different intramedullary nails in the prior art, it can save the time and disinfection procedures required for replacing the parts of the complete set of aiming devices, and improve the surgical process. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that only any one or more of the above-mentioned various guiding holes can also be provided on the proximal aiming module.

[0084] In another embodiment, among the multiple aiming modules of the intramedullary nail aiming system according to the present invention, at least two proximal aiming modules configured to be able to aim at the holes of different intramedullary nails respectively may be included. The at least two proximal aiming modules may include any at least one different structural feature suitable for the aiming operations of different intramedullary nails, such as at least one of the type, shape, size, position, orientation, quantity, etc. of the guiding holes being different. For example, the above-mentioned locking nail guiding holes 721 and 723 can be respectively arranged on two proximal aiming modules, and thus by switching these two proximal aiming modules on the same handle 1, the distal holes 822 and 812 on different models of short proximal femoral intramedullary nails 82 and 81 can be aimed at respectively. In Figure 1Two different proximal aiming modules 50 and 70 are shown, but the only difference between them is that they can aim at the corresponding head-neck nail holes of femoral intramedullary nails with different neck-shaft angles. For example, the proximal aiming module 70 is suitable for a femoral intramedullary nail with a neck-shaft angle of 122 degrees, while the proximal aiming module 50 is suitable for a femoral intramedullary nail with a neck-shaft angle of 127 degrees. In this way, by switching the proximal aiming modules 50 and 70 on the same handle 1, intramedullary nail surgery can be performed on patients with different neck-shaft angles, expanding the applicable range of a single set of intramedullary nail aiming devices. By simply switching different proximal aiming modules on the same handle, the aiming operation for different intramedullary nails can be quickly implemented, because the time and disinfection procedures required for replacing the components of the entire set of aiming devices as in the prior art are saved. This is especially applicable to the situation where the type / specification of the intramedullary nail to be implanted needs to be temporarily changed during the operation, which can optimize the surgical process and enhance the surgical experience. Incidentally, for the convenience of switching, the above various proximal aiming modules 50 and 70 are detachably connected to the first end of the handle 1 through the same positioning connection mechanism, and the specific configuration of this positioning connection mechanism can be the same as the positioning connection mechanism described above with reference to the distal aiming module 30. Using the above positioning connection mechanism, the aiming module can be fixed on the handle 1 with precise positioning, and the simple, quick disassembly and assembly of each replaceable aiming module on the handle 1 can be achieved.

[0085] The following will refer to Figure 14 to describe in detail how to aim at and position the lesser trochanter and perform operations on the lesser trochanter with the aid of the lesser trochanter guiding hole provided on the proximal aiming module 70 and using the lesser trochanter treatment device 90. The lesser trochanter guiding hole can be used for the reduction of the lesser trochanter 96 of the femur 97, and can also be used for driving in the locking nail 92 to fix the lesser trochanter, thus expanding the application range of the proximal aiming module.

[0086] More specifically, in the prior art, when reduction treatment for the lesser trochanter is required, usually an independent aiming and guiding module for lesser trochanter reduction needs to be provided. However, this aiming and guiding module for lesser trochanter reduction is independent of the aiming module for implanting the intramedullary nail. Therefore, when a doctor performs intramedullary nail surgery (even though the patient has diseases such as lesser trochanter dislocation), the operation is often very complicated and time-consuming because the existing aiming module needs to be removed and then the aiming and guiding module for lesser trochanter reduction needs to be reinstalled and debugged (which is not friendly to the patient). Clinicians often tend to choose to abandon the reduction treatment for the lesser trochanter. In fact, this treatment is the usual choice of clinicians in current clinical medicine (most doctors are limited by the independent design of the aiming devices and often choose to ignore the treatment of the lesser trochanter), but this is obviously not the optimal or most comprehensive treatment plan for the patient.

[0087] However, due to the integration of multiple aiming functions in the proximal aiming module according to the present invention, that is, in addition to aiming at the keyhole and the head-neck nail hole, the lesser trochanter can also be aimed through the same proximal aiming module to achieve the reduction treatment of the lesser trochanter. This makes doctors more inclined or willing to implement this more comprehensive treatment plan for patients, which has very great significance clinically.

[0088] Preferably, in order to better apply to the aiming of the left femoral lesser trochanter and the right femoral lesser trochanter, the lesser trochanter guiding holes are designed to include a left guiding hole 725 and a right guiding hole 726 (see Figure 1 ), which are respectively used for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the left femoral bone and the lesser trochanter of the right femoral bone. Therefore, the same proximal aiming module 70 can be applicable to the left femur and the right femur at the same time, avoiding the use of different devices for operating on different sides of the femur, simplifying the structure and saving costs. The left guiding hole 725 and the right guiding hole 726 are respectively oriented such that the insert inserted into the corresponding femur in the direction towards the corresponding lesser trochanter under their guidance does not interfere with the intramedullary nail arranged in the corresponding femur. For example, the left guiding hole 725 and the right guiding hole 726 are respectively designed such that the central axis thereof forms an angle of 4-12 degrees with the longitudinal central plane of the proximal aiming module 70. In addition, the left guiding hole 725 and the right guiding hole 726 converge within the proximal aiming module 70 and have a common outlet (see Figure 14 ), which can avoid increasing the volume of the proximal aiming module.

[0089] The lesser trochanter treatment device 90 includes a sleeve (not shown in the figure) adapted to be inserted into the left guiding hole 725 or the right guiding hole 726 for the lesser trochanter 96 and guided by the guiding hole, wherein a drill bit (not shown in the figure) is adapted to be inserted into the sleeve and guided by the sleeve towards the lesser trochanter. It should be understood that although using a sleeve is a preferred solution, the sleeve may not be provided, and the drill bit may be adaptively designed to directly cooperate with the left guiding hole or the right guiding hole to be guided in the guiding hole. After the reset hole is drilled in the femur by the drill bit, the locking nail 92 can be implanted into the reset hole by means of the tool 91 to reset and fix the free lesser trochanter part pulled away by the ligament. By integrating the lesser trochanter guiding hole in the proximal aiming module, the reduction treatment of the femoral lesser trochanter can be performed, expanding the use functions of the proximal aiming module and the aiming system.

[0090] Continuing to refer to Figures 15 to 17 , the head-neck nail auxiliary aiming device (such as the tension screw sleeve assembly 400) included in the proximal aiming module 70 and its specific cooperation with the proximal aiming module 70 will be described in detail.

[0091] Particularly referring to Figure 16 and 17, the tension screw sleeve assembly 400 includes an adjusting nut 410. The main body of the adjusting nut 410 is a hollow cylindrical structure. An internal thread 4130 is provided inside the cylindrical structure (see Figure 17 ). An annular groove 4110 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical structure to facilitate engagement with a button 280 provided on the proximal aiming module 70 (see Figure 15 ). The button 280 serves as an axial retainer for the adjusting nut 410, which can keep the adjusting nut 410 stationary axially relative to the proximal aiming module 70 but allows the adjusting nut 410 to rotate freely. When a part of the button 280 is held in the annular groove 4110, the axial position of the adjusting nut 410 is fixed. If it is necessary to remove the adjusting nut 410 from the proximal aiming module 70, only need to press the button 280 to release the adjusting nut 410.

[0092] As Figure 16 shown, the tension screw sleeve assembly 400 further includes a tension screw sleeve 460. The tension screw sleeve 460 includes a hollow body. An external thread 4630 is provided on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the body for mating with the internal thread 4130 of the adjusting nut 410 to form a threaded connection. The outer peripheral surface of the tension screw sleeve is not a complete cylindrical surface, but two parallel planes 4650 are provided, and these two planes engage with the corresponding planes in the device guiding hole 727 of the proximal aiming module 70, thereby preventing the tension screw sleeve 460 from rotating.

[0093] During the operation, after the tension screw sleeve assembly 400 and the proximal aiming module 70 are assembled with each other, by operating the adjusting nut 410 to rotate, the tension screw sleeve 460 can move axially along itself until it abuts against the outer cortex of the patient's femoral neck. Since the adjusting nut 410 itself is axially retained by the button 280, the axial position of the adjusting nut 410 itself remains unchanged, and the axial position of the end face of its operating part 4120 also remains unchanged. Thus, it is possible to facilitate accurately determining the required specification of the tension screw.

[0094] As a further improvement of the present invention, a sliding sleeve 420 is further provided between the tension screw sleeve 460 and the adjusting nut 410. When the sliding sleeve 420 is inserted into the adjusting nut 410 and abuts against the inner peripheral stop portion of the adjusting nut 410, the outer end face of the sliding sleeve 420 is flush with the outer end face of the operating part 4120 of the adjusting nut axially.

[0095] See Figure 17, a spring 430 is disposed within the sliding sleeve 420 and around the tension screw sleeve 460. One end of the spring 430 abuts against the end stop flange 4640 of the tension screw sleeve 460, and the other end abuts against a stop member fixed on the inner peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve 420. The stop member may be in the form of an annular flange 450 welded to the inner peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve 420. For ease of understanding, the stop member is removed from the sliding sleeve 420 in Figure 16 to show the axial position of the stop member on the tension screw sleeve after assembling the sliding sleeve 420 and the tension screw sleeve 460.

[0096] In this way, as the tension screw sleeve 460 moves axially relative to the adjusting nut 410 and the sliding sleeve 420, the spring 430 will be continuously compressed by the end stop flange 4640 of the tension screw sleeve 460, so that the spring 430 exerts a downward force on the annular flange 450 of the sliding sleeve 420, and keeps the outer end surface of the sliding sleeve 420 always flush with the outer end surface of the operating portion 4120 of the adjusting nut 410, and prevents the sliding sleeve 420 from accidentally disengaging from the adjusting nut 410.

[0097] It should be known that by setting the above-mentioned sliding sleeve 420 and making the outer end surface of the sliding sleeve 420 always flush with the outer end surface of the adjusting nut 410 and remain unchanged in the axial position, the outer end surface of the sliding sleeve 420 can be used as a measurement reference surface, so that the specification size of the tension screw to be selected can be measured and determined more accurately.

[0098] In addition, a radial chute 4210 is formed in the body of the sliding sleeve 420 for the positioning pin 440 provided on the tension screw sleeve 460 to move therein. The positioning pin 440 can be inserted into the hole of the tension screw sleeve 460 and can axially move in the radial chute 4210 of the sliding sleeve as the tension screw sleeve 460 axially moves. By providing the positioning pin 440 and the radial chute 4210, the rotation of the sliding sleeve 420 can be prevented.

[0099] A tension screw guide hole 4610 and a pressure screw guide hole 4620 are provided in the tension screw sleeve 460, and the tension screw guide hole intersects with the pressure screw guide hole in the tension screw sleeve 460, so that when the tension screw and the pressure screw are both implanted, the tension screw and the pressure screw are partially engaged. In addition, in order to guide the tension screw and the pressure screw into the tension screw guide hole and the pressure screw guide hole, inlet holes 4220 and 4230 for the tension screw and the pressure screw to pass through are also provided on the sliding sleeve 420.

[0100] The above has introduced a plurality of aiming modules (a distal aiming module and a proximal aiming module) that can be interchangeably connected to the first end of the handle 1 through the same mounting and positioning mechanism in the intramedullary nail aiming system according to the present invention. Corresponding to the replaceable disassembly and assembly of each aiming module on the first end of the handle 1, different intramedullary nails can also be detachably mounted on the second end of the handle 1 through the mating mechanism 7. In view of the fact that different intramedullary nails may have different size specifications (such as diameters), the mating mechanism 7 may include an adapter assembly that can be adapted to different intramedullary nails.

[0101] In one embodiment, as Figure 18 shown, the adapter assembly may at least include a first joint member 71 and a second joint member 73 that can be fixedly held together. The first joint member 71 is adapted to engage with the proximal end of a first type of intramedullary nail (such as a proximal femoral intramedullary nail); the second joint member 73 can be slidably fitted on the first joint member 71 by engaging the protrusion on the elastic piece 730 in the recess 710 on the first joint member 71, so as to be adapted to engage with the proximal end of a second type of intramedullary nail (such as a femoral shaft intramedullary nail). Thus, the adapter assembly can be adapted to connect a variety of different models or size specifications of intramedullary nails. In another embodiment, the adapter assembly may include a connecting member fixedly connected to the second end of the handle 1, and a plurality of adapter heads adapted to be respectively connected to different size specifications of intramedullary nails, and each adapter head can be detachably mounted on the connecting member.

[0102] It should be noted that the embodiments described above should only be regarded as exemplary, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. By considering the content of this specification, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. The true scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalent solutions.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail aiming system, comprising a handle (1) and a plurality of aiming modules (30, 50, 70), the plurality of aiming modules being configured to be detachably connected to a first end of the handle (1) through the same positioning connection mechanism in a mutually replaceable manner, and the plurality of aiming modules comprising: A proximal aiming module (50, 70), the proximal aiming module having a guiding hole for aiming at a proximal hole of a long intramedullary nail (83, 84) connected to a second end of the handle (1) or a distal hole or a proximal hole of a short intramedullary nail (81, 82); and A distal aiming module (30), the distal aiming module having a guiding hole for aiming at a distal hole of a long femoral intramedullary nail connected to a second end of the handle, the distal aiming module comprising: A left conversion block (2) and a right conversion block that can be correspondingly selected according to the left femoral bone or the right femoral bone, the left conversion block (2) and the right conversion block being respectively adapted to be detachably connected to the first end of the handle (1) through the positioning connection mechanism; and An aiming bracket (3), the aiming bracket (3) comprising a connecting portion (31) at its proximal end and an aiming portion (32) at its distal end, the connecting portion (31) being used for connecting to the left conversion block (2) or the right conversion block, and a guiding hole for aiming at the distal hole of the long femoral intramedullary nail being formed on the aiming portion (32).

2. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 1, wherein The proximal end and the distal end of the aiming bracket (3) define a longitudinal direction of the aiming bracket, the aiming portion (32) is configured to extend in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction and includes a first extension portion (322) and a second extension portion (323) that are symmetric with respect to a longitudinal central plane of the aiming bracket (3), a left guiding hole (3221) for aiming at a first hole (41) in the distal hole of the left long femoral intramedullary nail is formed on the first extension portion (322), and a right guiding hole (3231) for aiming at the first hole in the distal hole of the right long femoral intramedullary nail is formed on the second extension portion (323).

3. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 2, wherein Axes of the left guiding hole (3221) and the right guiding hole (3231) respectively have inclined angles with respect to the longitudinal central plane of the aiming bracket (3), and the angles respectively correspond to the orientations of the first hole (41) in the distal hole of the left long femoral intramedullary nail and the first hole in the distal hole of the right long femoral intramedullary nail.

4. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 2, wherein A first guiding hole (321) is formed on the aiming part (32). The first guiding hole is located on the longitudinal central plane of the aiming bracket (3) and is used for aiming at a positioning hole (42) in the distal hole of the long femoral intramedullary nail. The distal aiming module (30) further includes a positioning rod (5), and the positioning rod is adapted to be inserted into the first guiding hole (321) and reach the positioning hole (42) under the guidance of the first guiding hole.

5. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 4, wherein the aiming bracket (3) further includes a limiting member (6) for limiting the positioning rod (5) inserted into the first guiding hole (321). A groove (324) transverse to and communicating with the first guiding hole (321) is formed on the distal end face of the aiming part (32), and the limiting member (6) is at least partially disposed in the groove (324).

6. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 5, wherein the limiting member (6) includes: a first spring (61) disposed in the groove (324); and a button movably connected to the aiming part (32). The button is at least partially disposed in the groove (324) and interacts with the first spring (61) to slide in the groove (324). A hole for the positioning rod (5) to pass through is formed on the button.

7. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the aiming part (32) is provided with a second guiding hole (325) for aiming at a second hole (43) in the distal hole of the long femoral intramedullary nail.

8. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least two gear holes (311) are formed on the connecting part (31) of the aiming bracket (3). The at least two gear holes are arranged in sequence along the direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the aiming bracket (3) to connect the aiming bracket (3) to the left conversion block (2) or the right conversion block at different positions.

9. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the aiming bracket (3) is configured as a Ruyi-shaped member, wherein the connecting part (31) is located at the handle part of the Ruyi-shaped member, and the aiming part (32) is located at the head part of the Ruyi-shaped member.

10. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The left conversion block (2) and the right conversion block both include a base (23), the base including a coupling portion (231) for connection to the handle and an extension portion (232) extending from the coupling portion, wherein the connection portion (31) of the aiming bracket (3) is connected to the extension portion (232) of the left conversion block (2) or the right conversion block, and for the states where the left conversion block (2) or the right conversion block is respectively mounted to the handle, the extension portion (232) of the left conversion block (2) and the extension portion of the right conversion block are located on opposite sides of the handle to respectively adapt to the orientations of the distal holes of the intramedullary nail for the left leg long femoral intramedullary nail and the right leg long femoral intramedullary nail.

11. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 10, wherein the left conversion block (2) and the right conversion block both include: a disk (22) having a disk drive portion (221), a disk connection portion (222), and a disk operation portion (223), wherein the disk drive portion (221) has a track; and a rotating block (24) having a rotating end portion (241) and a sliding end portion (242), the sliding end portion (242) being slidably connected to the track, and the connection portion (31) of the aiming bracket being connected to the rotating block (24) such that the orientation of the aiming bracket (3) can be adjusted due to the operation of the disk operation portion (223) and via the cooperation of the track and the sliding end portion (242); wherein the extension portion (232) includes a main body portion (2321) and a mounting portion (2322) located at an end away from the coupling portion (231), and both the disk connection portion (222) and the rotating end portion (241) are rotatably connected to the mounting portion (2322).

12. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 11, wherein the rotating end portion (241) of the rotating block (24) includes a positioning post (2412) and a rotating shaft (2411) extending from the positioning post, a rotating shaft hole (233) for receiving the rotating shaft is formed in the mounting portion, and the mounting portion includes a positioning surface (235) abutting against an end face of the positioning post (2412), wherein the positioning surface (235) is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning hole (42) at the distal end of the intramedullary nail corresponding to the left conversion block or the right conversion block where it is located.

13. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the plurality of aiming modules include at least two proximal aiming modules (50, 70) configured to be able to respectively aim at holes of different intramedullary nails.

14. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 13, wherein the at least two proximal aiming modules (50, 70) are configured to be able to respectively aim at the corresponding head and neck nail holes of femoral intramedullary nails having different neck-shaft angles.

15. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The multiple aiming modules include at least one multi-purpose proximal aiming module, which is integrated with a locking screw guiding hole for aiming at the locking hole of the intramedullary nail connected to the second end of the handle (1), a lesser trochanter guiding hole for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the femur, and / or a device guiding hole for guiding a neck nail auxiliary aiming device.

16. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 15, wherein a plurality of locking screw guiding holes are provided on the multi-purpose proximal aiming module, and the plurality of locking screw guiding holes are adapted to aim at the proximal locking hole of the long intramedullary nail or the distal locking hole or the proximal locking hole of the short intramedullary nail.

17. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 15, wherein the lesser trochanter guiding holes include a left guiding hole (725) and a right guiding hole (726), which are respectively used for aiming at the lesser trochanter of the left femur and the lesser trochanter of the right femur.

18. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 17, wherein the left guiding hole (725) and the right guiding hole (726) are respectively oriented such that the insert inserted thereunder into the corresponding femur does not interfere with the intramedullary nail disposed within the corresponding femur.

19. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 18, wherein the left guiding hole (725) and the right guiding hole (726) are respectively oriented such that their central axes form an angle of 4-12 degrees with respect to the longitudinal central plane of the multi-purpose proximal aiming module.

20. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 15, wherein the neck nail auxiliary aiming device includes a tension screw sleeve assembly (400) partially received in the device guiding hole (727), the tension screw sleeve assembly is provided with a neck nail guiding hole for aiming at the neck nail hole on the intramedullary nail, and includes: an adjusting nut (410) that is axially fixed but freely rotatable relative to the multi-purpose proximal aiming module and a tension screw sleeve (460) that can move in the axial direction by the rotation of the adjusting nut, wherein the neck nail can pass through the adjusting nut and the tension screw sleeve.

21. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 20, wherein the tension screw sleeve assembly (400) further includes a sliding sleeve (420) disposed between the adjusting nut (410) and the tension screw sleeve (460) and a spring (430) disposed within the sliding sleeve and surrounding the tension screw sleeve, one end of the spring abuts against the end stop flange (4640) of the tension screw sleeve, and the other end abuts against the annular flange (450) on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve.

22. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 21, wherein the end face of the sliding sleeve (420) always remains flush with the end face of the adjusting nut (410).

23. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to claim 20, wherein The head and neck nail guiding holes include a lag screw guiding hole (4610) and a compression screw guiding hole (4620) provided in the lag screw sleeve (460), wherein the lag screw guiding hole and the compression screw guiding hole intersect within the lag screw sleeve.

24. The intramedullary nail aiming system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it further includes a mating mechanism (7) configured to detachably connect the intramedullary nail to the second end of the handle (1), and the mating mechanism includes an adapter assembly adapted to intramedullary nails of different sizes and specifications.

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