Femoral intramedullary nail distal targeting system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a distal aiming system for a femoral intramedullary nail, comprising a handle (1), a left conversion block (2) and a right conversion block that can be selected correspondingly according to the left femur or the right femur, and an aiming frame (3), wherein the left conversion block and the right conversion block are respectively detachably connected to the handle; the aiming frame comprises a connecting portion (31) located at its proximal end and an aiming portion (32) located at its distal end, the connecting portion being used to connect to the left conversion block or the right conversion block, and the aiming portion (32) being used to aim at the distal end hole of the intramedullary nail (4). By providing the left conversion block and the right conversion block, the same distal aiming system for a femoral intramedullary nail can be applied to both the left and right femoral intramedullary nails, thereby avoiding the need to use different aiming systems for the left and right femurs, reducing the number of instruments, lowering costs, increasing the functional integration of the instruments, and simplifying intraoperative operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an orthopedic medical device, in particular to a device for treating femur, and more particularly to a distal aiming system of a femoral intramedullary nail. Background Art

[0002] During intramedullary nailing surgery, an external aiming system (or aimer) is usually required to assist in aiming the nail in the nail's keyhole. However, because the nail is generally long and rod-shaped, it is easily affected by the medullary cavity and undergoes significant deformation during implantation. Therefore, traditional aimers are prone to misalignment when aiming at the keyhole, especially the distal keyhole, and may cause unnecessary damage to the human body.

[0003] Although prior art intramedullary nail distal aimers exist, they are generally only suitable for intramedullary nails whose distal locating holes have the same alignment orientation for the left and right sides of the human body, such as tibial intramedullary nails. For intramedullary nails with different alignment orientations for the distal locating holes of the left and right femoral nails, such as left and right femoral nails, each has a curved and inclined distal locating hole, with the curvature and distal locating hole orientation of the left intramedullary nail mirroring the curvature and distal locating hole orientation of the right intramedullary nail. Therefore, prior art aimers cannot be used to simultaneously aim and locate the distal locating holes of both the left and right femoral nails. Therefore, two different femoral nail aiming systems are still required for the left and right femoral nails, which objectively increases the cost of medical equipment and introduces some inconvenience to surgical procedures.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one aspect of the above-mentioned problems and defects in the prior art as well as other technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a distal aiming system for a femoral intramedullary nail is provided, the system comprising a handle, a left conversion block and a right conversion block that can be selected correspondingly according to the left femur or the right femur, and an aiming frame, wherein the left conversion block and the right conversion block are respectively detachably connected to the handle; and the aiming frame comprises a connecting portion located at its proximal end and an aiming portion located at its distal end, the connecting portion being used to connect to the left conversion block or the right conversion block, and the aiming portion being used to aim at the distal hole of the intramedullary nail.

[0006] As an example, the proximal end and the distal end of the aiming frame define a longitudinal direction of the aiming frame, wherein the aiming portion of the aiming frame is configured to extend in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction to form a guide hole in the aiming portion for aiming at the distal hole of the intramedullary nail.

[0007] As an example, the aiming portion includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion that are symmetrical relative to the longitudinal center plane of the aiming frame, the first extension portion being formed with a left guide hole for aiming at the first hole in the distal hole of the left leg femoral intramedullary nail, and the second extension portion being formed with a right guide hole for aiming at the first hole in the distal hole of the right leg femoral intramedullary nail.

[0008] As an example, the central axes of the left guide hole and the right guide hole have an inclined angle relative to the longitudinal center plane of the aiming frame, which corresponds to the orientation of the first hole at the distal end of the left leg femoral intramedullary nail and the first hole at the distal end of the right leg femoral intramedullary nail, respectively.

[0009] As an example, a first guide hole is also formed on the aiming portion, which is located on the longitudinal center plane of the aiming frame and is used to aim at the positioning hole in the distal hole of the intramedullary nail; and the system also includes a positioning rod, which is suitable for being inserted into the first guide hole and reaching the positioning hole under the guidance of the first guide hole.

[0010] As an example, the aiming frame also includes a limiting component for limiting the positioning rod inserted into the first guide hole, wherein a groove is formed on the distal end face of the aiming portion, which is transverse to the first guide hole and connected thereto, and the limiting component is at least partially arranged in the groove.

[0011] As an example, the limiting component includes a first spring arranged in the groove and a button movably connected to the aiming portion, the button is at least partially arranged in the groove and interacts with the first spring to slide in the groove, and a hole is formed on the button for the positioning rod to pass through.

[0012] As an example, the aiming portion is further provided with a second guide hole for aiming at the second hole at the distal end of the intramedullary nail.

[0013] As an example, the sighting frame is further formed with guide holes for guiding the placement of imaging equipment.

[0014] As an example, the aiming mechanism is formed as a ruyi-shaped member, wherein the connecting portion is located at a handle of the ruyi-shaped member and the aiming portion is located at a head of the ruyi-shaped member.

[0015] As an example, the left conversion block and the right conversion block each include a base, the base including a coupling portion for connecting to the handle and an extension portion extending from the coupling portion, wherein the connection portion of the aiming frame is connected to the extension portion of the left conversion block or the right conversion block, and for a state in which the left conversion block or the right conversion block is respectively mounted to the handle, the extension portion of the left conversion block and the extension portion of the right conversion block are located on opposite sides relative to the handle to respectively adapt to the orientation of the distal holes of the left leg femoral intramedullary nail and the right leg femoral intramedullary nail.

[0016] As an example, the left conversion block and the right conversion block both include a disk and a rotating block, wherein the disk has a disk driving part, a disk connecting part and a disk operating part, and the disk driving part has a track; the rotating block has a rotating end and a sliding end, the sliding end is slidably connected to the track, and the aiming frame is connected to the rotating block, so that the orientation of the aiming frame can be adjusted through the cooperation of the track and the sliding end due to the operation of the disk operating part; wherein the extension part includes a main body and a mounting part located at an end away from the coupling part, and the disk connecting part and the rotating end are both rotatably connected to the mounting part.

[0017] As an example, the rotating end of the rotating block includes a positioning column and a rotating shaft extending from the positioning column, and a rotating shaft hole for accommodating the rotating shaft is formed in the mounting portion, wherein the mounting portion includes a positioning surface abutting against the end face of the positioning column, wherein the positioning surface is perpendicular to the axis of the distal positioning hole of the intramedullary nail corresponding to the conversion block.

[0018] As an example, the mounting portion protrudes relative to the main body toward a side where the disk and the rotating block are located.

[0019] As an example, the joint portion includes an interface plane abutting against the distal end surface of the handle and a positioning pin, an anti-rotation pin and a locking pin protruding from the interface plane toward the handle. As an example, the anti-rotation pin has a non-circular cross section.

[0020] As an example, the handle includes a locking component for locking the locking pin, wherein a locking hole is formed on the handle, extending inward from an outer surface thereof and communicating with a locking pin insertion hole in the handle, and the locking component is partially disposed in the locking hole.

[0021] As an example, the locking component includes a second spring arranged in a locking hole and a locking piece movably connected to the handle, wherein the locking piece is partially arranged in the locking hole and interacts with the second spring to slide in the locking hole; wherein a first stop surface is formed on the locking pin, and a second stop surface matching the first stop surface is provided on the locking piece.

[0022] As an example, the handle and / or the sighting bracket are made of a material transparent to X-rays, preferably carbon fiber.

[0023] According to the aforementioned examples of the femoral intramedullary nail distal targeting system, by providing a left and right conversion block that can be selected based on the left or right femur, the same femoral intramedullary nail distal targeting system can be used for both left and right femoral intramedullary nails. This avoids the need for separate targeting systems for the left and right femurs, reduces the number of instruments, lowers costs, increases the functional integration of the instruments, and simplifies intraoperative procedures. The extended design of the gear bracket, or the aiming portion of the aiming frame, allows for the provision of left and right guide holes. This allows the same aiming frame to aim the distal holes of both femoral intramedullary nails with a simple structure, eliminating the need for assembly or switching between them. This reduces the number of components, costs, and operational complexity. The coordination between the positioning rod and the corresponding guide holes on the aiming frame ensures stable fixation between the aiming frame and the distal end of the intramedullary nail, providing a reference for aiming all distal holes, and achieving aiming of all distal holes in the intramedullary nails in one step without causing additional damage to the patient. The provision of a stopper ensures more stable positioning of the positioning rod. In addition, the provision of guide holes for guiding the placement of imaging equipment improves the accuracy and efficiency of surgical operations. Furthermore, by means of the structure of the extension portion of the base of the left / right conversion block, the adaptation of the distal orientation of the left leg femoral intramedullary nail and the right leg femoral intramedullary nail is achieved with a simple structure. By setting the orientation of the positioning surface for the rotating block on the base of the left / right conversion block, it is further facilitated to achieve the alignment of the aiming frame with the distal positioning hole. The connection structure between the left / right conversion block and the handle adopts three pins, and the connection effect is more stable and reliable. By means of the cooperation of the locking pin and the locking component on the handle, the left / right conversion block can be quickly connected to the handle, facilitating the replacement of the left / right conversion block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 A perspective schematic diagram showing a distal aiming system for a femoral intramedullary nail according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Show Figure 1 A three-dimensional exploded diagram of the distal targeting system of the femoral intramedullary nail;

[0027] Figure 3 A front view of the distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail is shown from the perspective of the handle and the femoral intramedullary nail of the left leg;

[0028] Figure 4 Show Figure 1 A schematic front view of the aiming frame in the distal aiming system of the femoral intramedullary nail;

[0029] Figure 5 Show Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the sight frame along line AA is shown;

[0030] Figure 6 Show Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the left conversion block in the distal targeting system of the femoral intramedullary nail;

[0031] Figure 7 Show Figure 6 A three-dimensional exploded diagram of the left conversion block shown;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic front view showing a disc in a left / right switch block;

[0033] Figure 9 Show Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of the disc shown along line LL;

[0034] Figure 10 Show Figure 8 A schematic left side view of the disc shown;

[0035] Figure 11 Show Figure 6 A schematic top view of the left transition block shown; and

[0036] Figure 12 The figure shows an exploded perspective view of the connection structure between the left conversion block and the handle.

[0037] It should be noted that the drawings are schematic only and are not necessarily drawn to scale. They show only those parts necessary to illustrate the present invention, and other parts may be omitted or only briefly mentioned. In addition to the components shown in the drawings, the present invention may also include other components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following examples and accompanying drawings further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that when terms such as "first" and "second" are used herein to describe elements of the present invention, these terms are used solely to distinguish between the elements and are not intended to limit the nature, sequence, order, or number of these elements. Any references to directions used herein, such as "distal end" and "proximal end," are used for convenience only, unless otherwise specified, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the invention. In this document, the insertion end of the intramedullary nail is referred to as the distal end, and the end opposite to the insertion end, i.e., the end connected to the handle, is referred to as the proximal end. The direction from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail toward the distal end is referred to as the distal direction, and the opposite direction is referred to as the proximal direction. As used herein, "distal end" generally refers to the end / side that is closer to the distal direction relative to the other end / side, while "proximal end" generally refers to the end / side that is closer to the proximal direction relative to the other end / side.

[0040] like Figure 1-3 As shown, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a femoral intramedullary nail distal aiming system (also referred to as a femoral intramedullary nail distal aimer). The system includes a handle 1, a left conversion block 2 and a right conversion block that can be selected according to the left femur or the right femur, and an aiming frame 3, wherein the left conversion block 2 and the right conversion block are respectively detachably connected to the handle 1, and as shown in the figure, the aiming frame 3 includes a connecting portion 31 at its proximal end and an aiming portion 32 at its distal end, the connecting portion 31 is used to connect to the left conversion block 2 or the right conversion block, and the aiming portion 32 is used to aim at the distal hole of the intramedullary nail 4.

[0041] For ease of explanation and understanding, Figure 3 A front view of the distal femoral nail aiming system is shown, viewed from the perspective of the handle 1 and the left femoral nail 4. The curvature of the left femoral nail 4 and the orientation of the distal locating hole 42 are clearly visible. The curvature and orientation of the locating hole of the left femoral nail mirror those of the right femoral nail. In the above-described embodiment of the present invention, by providing a left conversion block and a right conversion block, and selecting the left / right conversion block as needed, the same distal femoral nail aiming system can be used for both the orientation of the distal locating hole of the left and right femoral nails. This avoids the need for different aiming systems for the left and right femurs, reduces the number of instruments, lowers costs, increases the functional integration of the instruments, and simplifies intraoperative procedures. The specific and preferred structures of the left and right conversion blocks will be described in detail below.

[0042] As an example, from Figure 1-3A left femoral intramedullary nail 4 can be seen in the figure. The intramedullary nail 4 has three common distal locking holes at the distal end: a first hole 41, a second hole 43, and a positioning hole 42. The axes of the positioning hole 42 and the second hole 43 are aligned, and the axis of the first hole 41 forms a certain angle with the axes of the holes 42 and 43, and are designed to be elongated. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the distalmost hole 42 is used as the positioning hole. By passing the positioning rod 5 through the first guide hole 321 on the distal aiming portion of the aiming frame 3 and fixing it to the hole 42, the distal aiming frame 3 is first positioned and fixed. Using this as a reference, the remaining locking holes are then aligned and the locking nails are implanted through the remaining guide holes on the distal aiming portion of the aiming frame 3. This will be further described below. It should be pointed out that although the drawings and this article describe the intramedullary nail with these three typical holes at its distal end as an example, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the structure of the intramedullary nail that can be targeted by the femoral intramedullary nail distal targeting system of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the distal holes can be of various numbers, types, and orientations, all within the scope of application of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1 It can be seen that, as an example, the aiming frame 3 defines a longitudinal direction between the proximal end and the distal end of the aiming frame, wherein the aiming portion 32 of the aiming frame 3 is configured to extend in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction to form a guide hole in the aiming portion 32 for aiming at the distal hole of the intramedullary nail 4.

[0044] In this example, by designing the aiming portion 32 at the distal end of the aiming frame to be an extended structure in the transverse direction, the aiming portion has a larger area and a wider coverage range, and various guide holes or aiming holes can be set thereon as needed.

[0045] like Figure 1-5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sight frame 3 is constructed as a ruyi-shaped member, wherein the connecting portion 31 is located at the handle of the ruyi-shaped member, and the aiming portion 32 is located at the head of the ruyi-shaped member. By designing the sight frame in a ruyi shape, the functions of the extended aiming portion and the handle-shaped connecting portion are met, while achieving an aesthetically pleasing appearance and saving materials, thus achieving both functionality and aesthetics.

[0046] For example, Figure 1-4 As shown, the aiming portion 32 includes a first extension portion 322 and a second extension portion 323 that are symmetrical relative to the longitudinal center plane of the aiming frame 3, and the first extension portion 322 is formed with a left guide hole 3221 for aiming at the first hole 41 at the distal end of the left leg femoral intramedullary nail, and the second extension portion 323 is formed with a right guide hole 3231 for aiming at the first hole at the distal end of the right leg femoral intramedullary nail.

[0047] Through the design of the extension portion of the aiming portion 32 in this example, the same aiming frame can be used to aim at the distal holes of the left and right femoral intramedullary nails with a simple structure. It can be applied to the left and right femoral intramedullary nails without assembly and switching, reducing the number of components, cost and operational complexity.

[0048] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the central axes of the left guide hole 3221 and the right guide hole 3231 are inclined at angles relative to the longitudinal center plane of the aiming frame 3. These angles correspond to the orientations of the first holes 41 at the distal ends of the left and right femoral intramedullary nails, respectively. The first hole 41 (the long slot-shaped hole shown) at the distal end of the left femoral intramedullary nail is aimed at through the left guide hole 3221, and the desired type of locking nail is implanted into the first hole 41 under the guidance of the guide hole.

[0049] Preferably, a first guide hole 321 is also formed on the aiming portion 32, which is located on the longitudinal center plane of the aiming frame 3 and is used to aim at the positioning hole 42 at the distal end of the intramedullary nail; and the system also includes a positioning rod 5, which is suitable for being inserted into the first guide hole 321 and reaching the positioning hole 42 under the guidance of the first guide hole.

[0050] In this preferred example, after the first guide hole 321 on the aiming frame 3 is aligned with the positioning hole 42 at the distal end of the intramedullary nail, the positioning rod 5 is inserted into the guide hole 321 (a sleeve may also be provided as shown in the figure, and the positioning rod is inserted into the sleeve) and reaches the positioning hole 42 under the guidance of the guide hole. Figure 2 Visibly having threads identical to those of the locking nail, the threaded end of the positioning rod 5 is screwed into the positioning hole 42, achieving alignment and positioning of the aiming frame 3 with the distal end of the intramedullary nail. After this alignment, the corresponding locking nail can be guided into the corresponding locking hole (e.g., the first hole 41 and the second hole 43) of the intramedullary nail through the remaining guide holes on the aiming portion 32 (e.g., the left guide hole 3221 / the right guide hole 3231 and the second guide hole 325 for aiming at the second hole 43 at the distal end of the intramedullary nail). As described above, additional guide holes can also be provided on the extendable aiming portion 32 as needed to aim at other required locking holes at the distal end of the intramedullary nail.

[0051] Through the cooperation of the positioning rod 5 in the above example and the first guide hole 321 on the aiming frame, the stable fixation of the aiming frame 3 and the distal end of the intramedullary nail is guaranteed, providing a reference for the aiming of all the distal holes of the intramedullary nail. Therefore, without causing additional damage to the human body, the aiming of all the distal holes of the intramedullary nail can be achieved in one step.

[0052] like Figure 2 、 4As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the aiming frame 3 further includes a limiting member 6 for limiting the position of the positioning rod 5 inserted into the first guide hole 321. A groove 324 is formed on the distal end surface of the aiming portion 32, extending transversely to and in communication with the first guide hole 321. The limiting member 6 is at least partially disposed within the groove 324. In this structure, the limiting member 6 can more stably maintain the position of the positioning rod 5.

[0053] Exemplarily, the limiting component 6 includes a first spring 61 disposed in the slot 324 and a button 62 movably connected to the aiming portion 32 (e.g., via an elongated slot formed in the button 62 and a pin 63 extending into the slot). The button 62 is at least partially disposed in the slot 324 and interacts with the first spring 61 to slide in the slot 324. The button is formed with a hole for the positioning rod 5 to pass through. This exemplary structure facilitates the passage of the positioning rod 5 by pressing the button, and the positioning rod 5 is retained under the action of the spring. The limiting component of this exemplary structure is easy to operate and has a simple structure. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although this limiting component structure is preferred, other limiting component structures may also be used, all within the scope of the present invention.

[0054] like Figure 2 、 4 As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the aiming frame 3 is also formed with a guide hole 33 for guiding the placement of imaging equipment, such as a C-arm. When the X-rays emitted by the C-arm are aligned with the guide hole 33, it indicates that the C-arm is properly positioned. The provision of the guide hole 33 improves the accuracy and efficiency of surgical operations.

[0055] Preferably, the handle 1 and / or the aiming frame can be made of a material that can be penetrated by X-rays, such as carbon fiber, which can avoid blocking X-ray imaging.

[0056] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the connecting portion 31 of the sight frame 3 is formed with at least two shift holes 311. The at least two shift holes 311 are arranged sequentially from the proximal end to the distal end of the sight frame 3 to connect the sight frame 3 to the left or right conversion block 2 at different positions. This exemplary structure allows the effective length of the sight frame 3 to be adjusted according to the specific condition of the patient and the specific model of the intramedullary nail.

[0057] In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of aligning the first guide hole 321 on the aiming portion 32 at the distal end of the aiming frame 3 and the positioning hole 42 at the distal end of the intramedullary nail, reduce the difficulty of the operator in achieving alignment between the two and then inserting the positioning rod 5 into the positioning hole 42, and reduce the time required for the operation, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the left and right conversion blocks are also configured to adjust or fine-tune the position of the aiming frame 3, and the structural design of the left and right conversion blocks also enables them to adapt to the orientation of the distal positioning holes of the intramedullary nails of the left and right femurs, respectively.

[0058] Figure 6-12 The left conversion block 2 is shown in an exemplary form. In this article, the structure of the left and right conversion blocks is described by taking the left conversion block 2 as an example. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the left conversion block 2 and the right conversion block each include a base 23, the base 23 includes a coupling portion 231 for connecting to a handle and an extension portion 232 extending from the coupling portion 231, wherein the sighting frame 3 is connected to the extension portion 232 of the left conversion block 2 or the right conversion block, and for the state where the left conversion block 2 and the right conversion block are respectively connected to the handle (coupling Figure 1 and 3 ), the extension 232 of the left conversion block 2 and the extension of the right conversion block are located on opposite sides relative to the handle to adapt to the orientation of the distal positioning holes of the left and right femoral intramedullary nails, respectively. In this example, the orientation of the distal positioning holes of the left and right intramedullary nails is adapted by the extension 232 of the left conversion block extending on one side of the handle 1 and the extension of the right conversion block extending on the other side of the handle 1. The structures of the left and right conversion blocks are simple and easy to implement. Preferably, as Figure 6 、 7 As shown in Figure 11, the base 23 extends in an arc shape.

[0059] The left conversion block 2 and the right conversion block are connected to the sight frame 3. In addition to the function of adapting to the orientation of the distal positioning holes of the left and right intramedullary nails as mentioned above, they also have the function of fine-tuning the orientation of the sight frame 3 to facilitate the alignment of the guide holes 321 on the sight frame 3 with the distal positioning holes 42 of the left and right intramedullary nails. Specifically, Figure 6-12 As shown, the left conversion block 2 further includes a disk 22 and a rotating block 24. The disk 22 includes a disk drive portion 221, a disk connection portion 222, and a disk operating portion 223, wherein the disk drive portion 221 includes a track; the rotating block 24 includes a rotating end portion 241 and a sliding end portion 242, wherein the sliding end portion 242 is slidably connected to the track, and the sight frame is connected to the rotating block 24 so that the orientation of the sight frame can be adjusted by the operation of the disk operating portion 223 via the cooperation between the track and the sliding end portion 242. The extension portion 232 includes a main body portion 2321 and a mounting portion 2322 located at an end away from the coupling portion 231, wherein both the disk connection portion 222 and the rotating end portion 241 are rotatably connected to the mounting portion 2322.

[0060] like Figure 6-12 As can be seen in FIG, the rotating end portion 241 has a rotating shaft 2411, and the disk connecting portion 222 is a cylindrical protrusion (see Figure 9 、 10 ). The mounting portion 2322 of the base 23 has a rotating shaft hole 233 and a disk connecting hole 234, the rotating shaft 2411 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft hole 233, and the cylindrical protrusion is rotatably connected to the disk connecting hole 234. The sliding end portion 242 has a sliding shaft 2421 and a ball screw 2422, and the ball screw 2422 is connected to the inside of the sliding shaft 2421. The track of the disk drive portion 221 is a spiral groove, and the cross-section of the spiral groove is a dovetail shape. The longitudinal section of the sliding shaft 2421 is a trapezoidal shape. The two cooperate to make the sliding shaft 2421 slidably connected to the spiral groove. The ball screw 2422 extends from the end of the sliding shaft 2421 close to the disk 22, and is engaged with the small round pit 2211 (see Figure 8 ) forms a tight fit, enhancing the tightness of the fit and the sense of gear. When the disk 22 is rotated counterclockwise or clockwise via the rotating disk operating portion 223, the disk 22 drives the rotating block 24 to rotate about the rotating shaft 2411, guided by the spiral groove. The angle of rotation of the rotating block 24 is reflected in the adjustment of the sight frame 3 connected to the rotating block 24, facilitating alignment of the guide hole 321 at the distal end of the sight frame 3 with the positioning hole 42 at the distal end of the intramedullary nail, thereby ensuring smooth distal nail fixation.

[0061] Preferably, if Figure 6 、 7 As shown, the rotating end 241 of the rotating block 24 includes a positioning post 2412, from which a rotating shaft 2411 extends toward the mounting portion 2322. When the rotating shaft 2411 is inserted into the rotating shaft hole 233 and positioned, a positioning surface 235 on the mounting portion abuts the end surface of the positioning post 2412, thereby positioning the rotating block 24. The positioning surface 235 is perpendicular to the axis of the distal positioning hole 42 of the intramedullary nail corresponding to the conversion block. The orientation of the positioning surface 235 ensures that the aiming frame 3 positioned on the rotating block 24 is aligned with the distal positioning hole 42 of the intramedullary nail. During actual surgery, the intramedullary nail 4 is inserted into the medullary cavity and deformed by the structure within the medullary cavity. As described above, the guide hole on the aiming frame can be aligned with the distal positioning hole 42 through fine-tuning of the disk and the rotating block. The combination of the two measures further improves the efficiency and accuracy of alignment, reduces the difficulty of the operator in achieving alignment between the two and then inserting the positioning rod into the positioning hole, and reduces the time required for the operation.

[0062] For example, Figure 6 、 7As shown, the mounting portion 2322 protrudes relative to the main body 2321 toward the side where the disk 22 and the rotating block 24 are located. This structure forms a positioning surface 235 on the mounting portion 2322 and reduces the thickness of the main body 2321 of the extension portion, saving material and reducing the weight of the left / right conversion block.

[0063] In one example of the present invention, Figure 6 、 7 As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the joint 231 on the base 23 of the left conversion block includes an interface plane 2311 that abuts against the distal end surface of the handle, and a positioning pin 2312, an anti-rotation pin 2313, and a locking pin 2314 that protrude from the interface plane toward the handle. This connection structure uses three pins to connect to the handle, making the connection more stable and reliable. Figure 6 As shown, preferably, the positions of the positioning pin 2312, the anti-rotation pin 2313 and the locking pin 2314 on the interface plane 2311 constitute the vertices of a triangle. More preferably, the anti-rotation pin 2313 has a non-circular cross-section. The design of the non-circular cross-section avoids over-constraint of each pin in the corresponding pin hole, facilitating the installation of the left / right conversion block. During the insertion of the left / right conversion block toward the handle 1, the positioning of the left / right conversion block relative to the handle 1 is achieved by the positioning pin 2312, which is preferably longer among the three pins, and the rotation of the left / right conversion block relative to the handle 1 is prevented by the anti-rotation pin 2313, and locking is achieved by the locking pin 2314 in combination with the locking component provided on the handle 1.

[0064] like Figure 12 As shown, the handle 1 includes a locking component 13 for locking the locking pin 2314 of the conversion block, wherein the handle is formed with a locking hole 11 extending inward from its outer surface and communicating with the insertion hole (not shown) of the locking pin 2314 in the handle, and the locking component 13 is partially disposed in the locking hole 11. For example, as Figure 12 As shown, the locking component 13 includes a spring 131 arranged at the bottom of the locking hole 11 and a locking piece 132 connected to the handle in a movably manner. The locking piece 132 can slide in the locking hole 11 under the action of the spring 131; a first stop surface is formed on the locking pin 2314 (at Figure 12 (not visible from the perspective in the figure), locking member 132 is provided with a second stop surface 1321 that mates with the first stop surface. When locking pin 2314 is inserted into place, second stop surface 1321 abuts against the first stop surface of locking pin 2314, preventing the left / right switching block from moving away from handle 1. To remove the left / right switching block from the handle, locking member 132 is pressed, compressing spring 131. Second stop surface 1321 moves, releasing locking pin 2314, and the left / right switching block can be pulled out of the handle.

[0065] In the above example of the present invention, through the setting of the positioning pin 2312, the anti-rotation pin 2313 and the locking pin 2314 and their structural configuration, as well as the cooperation with the locking component 13, the left / right conversion block can be quickly connected to the handle 1, which facilitates the replacement of the left / right conversion block.

[0066] It should be noted that, with respect to the structures of the left and right switch blocks, except for the positioning of the positioning pin 2312, anti-rotation pin 2313, and locking pin 2314 on the interface plane 2311, which are identical in design to ensure that both left and right switch blocks fit within the handle 1, the remaining components are identical, mirror-image structures. Therefore, although the structures of the left and right switch blocks are described herein using the left switch block as an example, and the structure of the right switch block is not shown in the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will be able to clearly understand the structure of the right switch block from the description herein and the accompanying drawings.

[0067] Although certain embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the general inventive concept, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A distal targeting system for a femoral intramedullary nail, characterized in that: The system comprises: Handle (1); A left conversion block (2) and a right conversion block that can be selected correspondingly according to the left femur or the right femur, wherein the left conversion block (2) and the right conversion block are respectively detachably connected to the handle (1); and An aiming frame (3), the aiming frame (3) comprising a connecting portion (31) located at a proximal end thereof and an aiming portion (32) located at a distal end thereof, the connecting portion (31) being used to connect to the left conversion block (2) or the right conversion block, and the aiming portion (32) being used to aim at the distal end hole of the intramedullary nail (4); The left conversion block (2) and the right conversion block both include a base (23), the base (23) including a coupling portion (231) for connecting to the handle and an extension portion (232) extending from the coupling portion (231), the connection portion (31) of the sighting frame (3) being connected to the extension portion (232) of the left conversion block (2) or the right conversion block, and for a state in which the left conversion block (2) or the right conversion block is respectively mounted on the handle, the extension portion (232) of the left conversion block (2) and the extension portion of the right conversion block are located on opposite sides relative to the handle to respectively adapt to the orientation of the distal end holes of the left leg femoral intramedullary nail and the right leg femoral intramedullary nail.

2. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximal end and the distal end of the aiming frame define the longitudinal direction of the aiming frame (3), wherein the aiming portion (32) of the aiming frame (3) is configured to extend in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction to form a guide hole in the aiming portion (32) for aiming at the distal end hole of the intramedullary nail (4).

3. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aiming portion (32) includes a first extension portion (322) and a second extension portion (323) symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the aiming frame (3), wherein the first extension portion (322) is formed with a left guide hole (3221) for aiming at the first hole (41) in the distal hole of the left leg femoral intramedullary nail, and the second extension portion (323) is formed with a right guide hole (3231) for aiming at the first hole in the distal hole of the right leg femoral intramedullary nail.

4. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The axes of the left guide hole (3221) and the right guide hole (3231) respectively have an inclined angle relative to the longitudinal center plane of the aiming frame (3), and the angles respectively correspond to the orientations of the first hole (41) in the distal hole of the left leg femoral intramedullary nail and the first hole in the distal hole of the right leg femoral intramedullary nail.

5. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A first guide hole (321) is formed on the aiming portion (32), the first guide hole is located on the longitudinal center plane of the aiming frame (3) and is used to aim at the positioning hole (42) in the distal hole of the intramedullary nail; and the system also includes a positioning rod (5), the positioning rod (5) is suitable for being inserted into the first guide hole (321) and reaching the positioning hole (42) under the guidance of the first guide hole.

6. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sighting frame (3) further comprises a limiting component (6) for limiting the position of the positioning rod (5) inserted into the first guide hole (321), wherein a groove (324) is formed on the distal end surface of the sighting portion (32) and is transverse to and communicates with the first guide hole (321), and the limiting component (6) is at least partially disposed in the groove (324).

7. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting component (6) includes: a first spring (61) disposed in the slot (324); and A button is movably connected to the aiming portion (32), the button being at least partially disposed in the slot (324) and interacting with the first spring (61) to slide in the slot (324), and a hole is formed on the button for the positioning rod (5) to pass through.

8. The distal end targeting system for femoral intramedullary nail according to any one of claims 1-4, 6 and 7, characterized in that: The aiming portion (32) is provided with a second guide hole (325) for aiming at the second hole (43) in the distal hole of the intramedullary nail.

9. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to any one of claims 1-4, 6 and 7, characterized in that: The connecting portion (31) of the sighting frame (3) is formed with at least two gear holes (311), and the at least two gear holes (311) are arranged in sequence along the direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the sighting frame (3), so as to connect the sighting frame (3) to the left conversion block (2) or the right conversion block at different positions.

10. The distal end targeting system for femoral intramedullary nail according to any one of claims 1-4, 6 and 7, characterized in that: The sighting frame (3) is also provided with a guide hole (33) for guiding the placement of imaging equipment.

11. The distal end targeting system for femoral intramedullary nail according to any one of claims 1-4, 6 and 7, characterized in that: The sighting frame (3) is constructed as a ruyi-shaped component, wherein the connecting portion (31) is located at the handle of the ruyi-shaped component, and the sighting portion (32) is located at the head of the ruyi-shaped component.

12. The distal targeting system for femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left conversion block (2) and the right conversion block both include: a disk (22) having a disk drive portion (221), a disk connection portion (222), and a disk operating portion (223), wherein the disk drive portion (221) has a track; and a rotating block (24) having a rotating end portion (241) and a sliding end portion (242), wherein the sliding end portion (242) is slidably connected to the track, and the connecting portion (31) of the sight frame is connected to the rotating block (24), so that the orientation of the sight frame (3) can be adjusted due to the operation of the disk operating portion (223) and through the cooperation between the track and the sliding end portion (242); The extension portion (232) includes a main body portion (2321) and a mounting portion (2322) located at an end away from the coupling portion (231), and the disk connecting portion (222) and the rotating end portion (241) are both rotatably connected to the mounting portion (2322).

13. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 12, characterized in that: The rotating end portion (241) of the rotating block (24) includes a positioning column (2412) and a rotating shaft (2411) extending from the positioning column, a rotating shaft hole (233) for accommodating the rotating shaft (2411) is formed in the mounting portion, and the mounting portion includes a positioning surface (235) abutting against the end surface of the positioning column (2412), wherein the positioning surface (235) is perpendicular to the axis of the positioning hole (42) at the distal end of the intramedullary nail corresponding to the left conversion block or the right conversion block where the positioning surface (235) is located.

14. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling portion (231) comprises an interface plane (2311) abutting against the distal end surface of the handle, and a positioning pin (2312), an anti-rotation pin (2313), and a locking pin (2314) protruding from the interface plane toward the handle.

15. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 14, characterized in that: The anti-rotation pin (2313) has a non-circular cross-section.

16. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 14, characterized in that: The handle (1) includes a locking component (13) for locking the locking pin (2314), wherein the handle (1) is formed with a locking hole (11) extending from its outer surface and communicating with the locking pin insertion hole in the handle, and the locking component (13) is at least partially arranged in the locking hole (11).

17. The distal aiming system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 16, characterized in that: The locking component (13) comprises: a second spring (131) disposed in the locking hole (11); and a locking member (132) partially disposed in the locking hole (11) and interacting with the second spring (131) to slide in the locking hole (11); A first stop surface is formed on the locking pin (2314), and a second stop surface (1321) matching the first stop surface is provided on the locking member (132).

18. The distal end targeting system for femoral intramedullary nail according to any one of claims 1-4, 6-7 and 12-17, characterized in that: The handle (1) and / or the sighting frame (3) are made of a material that is transparent to X-rays.

19. The distal targeting system for the femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 18, characterized in that: The material is carbon fiber.

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