An organic solar cell with a hybrid cathode interface layer suitable for r2r and a method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application discloses an organic solar cell with a hybrid cathode interface layer suitable for R2R and a preparation method of the organic solar cell. The hybrid cathode interface layer is prepared from a cross-linkable organic polymer material and an organic fused-ring N-type material; the organic fused-ring N-type material is a host material, and the cross-linkable organic polymer material is a doping material. The cross-linkable organic polymer material is partially doped into the organic fused-ring N-type material, the solvent erosion resistance of the organic fused-ring N-type material is improved by the cross-linking characteristics of the cross-linkable organic polymer material, and meanwhile, when the thickness of the hybrid cathode interface layer film doped and improved by the cross-linkable organic polymer material changes in the range of 10-50 nm, the device performance changes little in a certain range, the thickness insensitivity is shown, the hybrid cathode interface layer is very suitable for industrial production in the processing mode of R2R, and therefore, the application has a good application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organic semiconductor thin-film solar cells, in particular to a hybrid cathode interface layer suitable for R2R organic solar cells and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Organic solar cells (OSCs) have become a promising photovoltaic technology due to their low cost, flexibility, simple device structure, and printable processing. In recent years, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic polymer solar cells has exceeded 18% thanks to the development of non-fullerene acceptor molecules and corresponding conjugated polymer donors. In OSCs, although optimizing the active layer is the key to improving photovoltaic performance, the interface layer also plays an important role in achieving high-efficiency polymer solar cells. Through interface layer modification, the ohmic contact between the photoactive layer and the electrode can be optimized, the photoactive layer morphology can be controlled to some extent, and the hole-electron collection can be improved, thereby improving the device stability. However, the current efficiency of organic polymer solar cells is very sensitive to the thickness of the interface layer material. As an electron transport layer (ETL), organic compounds in trans-OSCs devices usually only show high performance at a thickness of 5-10 nm. Even a few conjugated polymers can maintain certain performance at a thickness of 20 nm through complex doping, but it is difficult to maintain high performance beyond 20 nm, which is actually not conducive to the processing of devices using large-area technology such as blade coating, printing, and roll-to-roll technology.

[0003] Therefore, developing an interface layer material with thickness-insensitive and suitable for high-efficiency organic polymer solar cells is beneficial to the realization of large-area technology for preparing high-efficiency polymer solar cells and is expected to accelerate the application of polymer solar cells. Thickness-insensitive means that as the thickness of the interface layer increases within a certain range, the device can still maintain a high performance, and at least one of the fill factor and PCE of the cell changes little. In addition, a thick interface can effectively slow down the damage of water and oxygen to the photoactive layer in the device, thereby improving the stability of the device and being expected to be applied to industrial production mainly using roll-to-roll (R2R) processing.

[0004] Based on this, using water / alcohol-soluble polymers and small molecules is also an essential means to achieve high-efficiency organic solar cells. One of the representative conjugated materials is diimide (PDI), which was initially studied and designed as an acceptor for organic solar cells and later developed as a promising interfacial material. The group of Zhang Zhiguo used two materials PDIN and PDINO with PDI as the core and amino or amine oxide as the side chain, which has a high conductivity and is an ideal small molecule cathode interfacial material. In addition, the group of Huang Fei designed a series of n-type water / alcohol-soluble conjugated polymers with naphthalene diimide (NDI) self-doping. The electron transfer phenomenon between the polar group and the n-type conjugated main chain plays a role in improving the interface modification and electron transport performance, greatly improving the photoelectric performance of the corresponding organic solar cells. In recent years, some other hybrid cathode interfacial materials have also been reported, such as adding organic dye molecules to zinc oxide to obtain an electron transport layer (ZnO:PBI-H) with excellent photoelectric performance and mechanical performance. At the same time, adding PDIN to PNDIT-F3N obtains a hybrid cathode interfacial layer (PNDIT-F3N:PDIN) with excellent electron transport performance. The group of Tan Songting also reported a series of methods for preparing reticular non-conjugated polymers based on polyethylenimine (PEIE) and halogen atoms for quaternary ammonium reaction and applied to ETLs. When the thickness of PEIE-DBO is 9 nm, the PCE value of the trans-OSCs can reach 10.52%, and when the film thickness of PEIE-DBO is 50 nm, the PCE of the PSCs is still as high as 9.09%, showing excellent thickness tolerance. The trans-OSCs prepared by using PM6:Y6 as the photoactive layer and PEIE-DBO as the ETL have a PCE value of 15.74%, which is higher than that of the OSC based on ZnO (15.37%) under the same conditions, providing a reference for designing ETLs for printing processes. At the same time, these research results show that strengthening the charge transport performance through n-doping is an important means to achieve high-performance organic solar cells.

[0005] However, the existing cross-linkable cathode interfacial layer based on the thickness change still has a great influence on the performance of the OSCs, mainly manifested as the performance of the OSCs fluctuates greatly with the change of the thickness, which cannot meet the current needs of R2R-related research and production, therefore, it is of great significance to develop a cross-linkable hybrid cathode interfacial layer with thickness insensitivity to improve the performance of organic solar cells. SUMMARY

[0006] Based on this, the application provides an organic solar cell with a hybrid cathode interface layer suitable for R2R, which adopts a cross-linkable organic polymer material and an organic fused ring N-type material blend as a cathode interface layer.

[0007] An object of the application is to provide an organic solar cell with a hybrid cathode interface layer suitable for R2R, and the structure of the organic solar cell with the hybrid cathode interface layer suitable for R2R comprises, from bottom to top, a substrate, a cathode, a hybrid cathode interface layer, an active layer, an anode interface layer and an anode.

[0008] The hybrid cathode interface layer is prepared from a cross-linkable organic polymer material and an organic fused ring N-type material.

[0009] The hybrid cathode interface layer is prepared from a cross-linkable organic polymer material and an organic fused ring N-type material.

[0010] The organic fused ring N-type material is a host material, and the cross-linkable organic polymer material is a doping material.

[0011] The cross-linkable organic polymer material has the following general structure:

[0012]

[0013] The cross-linkable organic polymer material has the following general structure:

[0014] R x is a cross-linkable group;

[0015] R Y is an alkyl chain without / with an aryl group, or an alkyl chain with a water-alcohol-soluble group;

[0016] The organic fused ring N-type material is selected from a small molecule or a high polymer, or a mixture thereof.

[0017] The small molecule has the following general structure:

[0018] The small molecule has the following general structure:

[0019] The high polymer has the following general structure:

[0020]

[0021] wherein,

[0022] When the organic fused ring N-type material is selected from a small molecule, R z is an alkyl chain containing a water-alcohol soluble group;

[0023] When the organic fused ring N-type material is selected from a high polymer, at least one alkyl chain containing a water-alcohol soluble group is contained in the copolymer unit of the high polymer; and the D is an electron-rich donor unit.

[0024] In the present application, the organic fused ring N-type material can be selected from a small molecule structure based on perylene imide / naphthalene imide, or a high polymer. When it is a small molecule, R z is an alkyl chain containing a water-alcohol soluble group; when it is a high polymer, since both the N atom of perylene imide / naphthalene imide and the D unit contain grafting sites of side chains, one of the two, either the perylene imide / naphthalene imide or the D unit, can be grafted with an alkyl chain containing a water-alcohol soluble group, and the other can be grafted with a common alkyl chain segment; or both can be an alkyl chain containing a water-alcohol soluble group, so that the high polymer has a certain water-alcohol solubility.

[0025] For example, when the organic fused ring N-type material of the present application is a high polymer, it can be, but is not limited to, the following structure:

[0026] The alkyl chain of the present application can be, but is not limited to, a straight-chain alkyl of C1-60, a branched-chain alkyl of C3-60, and a cyclic alkyl of C3-60.

[0027] Further, the mass ratio of the organic fused ring N-type material to the cross-linkable organic polymer material is 100:1-100:7.

[0028] The hybrid cathode interface layer prepared by using the organic fused ring N-type material as the host material and the cross-linkable organic polymer material as the doping material after physical blending and heat treatment can optimize the energy level interface distribution between the electrode and the active layer, improve the charge separation, and improve the charge transport capacity, thereby achieving the effect of significantly improving the performance of the photovoltaic device.

[0029] Further, the thickness of the hybrid cathode interface layer is 10-50 nm.

[0030] Further, in the active layer, the donor material is selected from P-type organic semiconductors based on specific unit 1, and the acceptor material is selected from N-type organic semiconductors based on specific unit 2; wherein the specific unit 1 is selected from one or more of the following structures:

[0031]

[0032] The specific unit 2 is selected from one or more of the following structures:

[0033]

[0034] wherein R1-R6 are independently selected from alkyl groups with 1-40 carbon atoms, or alkyl derivatives with 1-40 carbon atoms;

[0035] one or more carbon atoms on the alkyl derivative are substituted by one or more of hydrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, aryl groups, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, carbonyl groups, carboxyl groups, ester groups, cyano groups, nitro groups;

[0036] and / or,

[0037] one or more hydrogen atoms on the alkyl derivative are substituted by one or more of fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, bromine atoms, iodine atoms;

[0038] X1-X6 are independently selected from one or more of hydrogen atoms, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, cyano groups, nitro groups.

[0039] Further, the donor material is preferably PM6, which has the following structural formula:

[0040]

[0041] Further, the acceptor material is preferably Y6, which has the following structural formula:

[0042]

[0043] Further, the substrate is selected from one or more of glass, flexible material, metal, alloy, and stainless steel film.

[0044] Further, the cathode is selected from one or more of ITO and IFO.

[0045] Further, the anode is selected from one or more of aluminum, silver, copper, gold, metal oxide, and graphene.

[0046] Further, the anode interface layer is selected from MoO x , VO x , NiO x , WO xRuO2, GrO x one or more of RuO2, GrO

[0047] Further, the R x , the cross-linkable group is selected from an epoxy group, an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group.

[0048] The epoxy group can be, but is not limited to, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, etc.

[0049] Further, the R Y and R Z , the water-alcohol-soluble group is selected from an amine group or an amine salt group.

[0050] The amine group can be selected from a dimethylamine group, a diethylamine group, a dipropylamine group, etc.

[0051] The amine salt group has a positive charge on the nitrogen atom and adsorbs a counter ion on the nitrogen atom. Generally, the counter ion is a halide ion.

[0052] For example, the cross-linkable organic polymer material described in the present application can be selected from, but is not limited to, the following chemical structures:

[0053] When the organic fused ring N-type material described in the present application is a small molecule material, it can be selected from, but is not limited to, the following chemical structure PDINN:

[0054]

[0055] Another object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned organic solar cell suitable for a hybrid cathode interface layer for R2R, which comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1. The cross-linkable organic polymer material and the organic fused ring N-type material are respectively added to a solvent to obtain a polymer solution and a small molecule solution, then the two solutions are physically blended, and the obtained mixture is coated on a cathode, and after heat treatment, a hybrid cathode interface layer is obtained;

[0057] S2. A photoactive layer is coated on the hybrid cathode interface layer, and then an anode interface layer and an anode are evaporated to obtain the organic solar cell suitable for a hybrid cathode interface layer for R2R.

[0058] Further, in step S1, the solvent is selected from one or more of deionized water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, methoxy glycol, N,N-dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethyl formamide, N,N-dimethyl acetamide, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, anisole, methyl anisole, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tetrahydrofuran, N-methyl pyrrolidone, acetonitrile and gamma-butyrolactone.

[0059] Further, in step S1, the temperature of the heat treatment is 150-200℃, and the treatment time is 10-20 min.

[0060] The present application has the following advantages:

[0061] 1. The raw materials of the present application are simple, low-cost and easy to operate, and high-temperature heat treatment is not required in the preparation process.

[0062] 2. Compared with the cathode interface layer based on a single component of cross-linkable organic polymer, organic small molecule or metal oxide, the hybrid cathode interface layer in the present application has higher device efficiency, and its performance has obvious advantages, and is more suitable for use in organic solar cells.

[0063] 3. The cross-linking characteristics of the cross-linkable organic polymer material in the hybrid cathode interface layer greatly improve the solvent erosion resistance of the organic small molecule material as the cathode interface layer in the organic solar cell, and at the same time, excellent thickness insensitivity is exhibited, which is very suitable for industrialized production in the R2R-based processing mode, thereby having good application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 A structure diagram of the organic solar cell of the present application is shown.

[0065] Figure 2 A current density-voltage curve diagram of different mass ratios of PDINN:PFOPy in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is shown.

[0066] Figure 3 A current density-voltage curve diagram of different film thicknesses of the PDINN:PFOPy hybrid cathode interface layer in Example 2 is shown.

[0067] Figure 4 A current density-voltage curve diagram of different film thicknesses of the pure PDINN cathode interface layer in Comparative Example 2 is shown.

[0068] Figure 5 A current density-voltage curve diagram of the stability of the devices in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is shown.

[0069] Figure 6Optical absorption spectra of the embodiment 1 PDINN:PFOPy (100:2.17, m / m) hybrid thin film before and after washing with solvent chloroform are shown.

[0070] Figure 7 Optical absorption spectra of the comparative example 1 pure PDINN thin film before and after washing with solvent chloroform are shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the following examples are listed. The raw materials, reactions and post-processing methods appearing in the examples are all common raw materials on the market and technical means well known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise stated.

[0072] The words "preferred", "preferably", "more preferred", etc. in the present application refer to the embodiments of the present application that can provide certain beneficial effects in certain cases. However, other embodiments can also be preferred in the same or other cases. In addition, the description of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not usable, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the present application.

[0073] It should be understood that, except in any operating examples, or where otherwise indicated, all numbers appearing in the specification and claims, such as those expressing values of quantities of ingredients used in the composition, are to be understood as modified by the term "about", unless otherwise indicated. Accordingly, unless indicated otherwise, the numerical parameters set forth in the following specification and attached claims are approximations.

[0074] The PFOPy in the embodiments of the present application has the following structural formula:

[0075]

[0076] The PDINN in the embodiments of the present application has the following structural formula:

[0077]

[0078] The PM6 in the embodiments of the present application has the following structural formula:

[0079]

[0080] The Y6 in the embodiments of the present application has the following structural formula:

[0081]

[0082] Example 1

[0083] An organic solar cell with a hybrid cathode interface layer suitable for R2R, which structure is as follows from bottom to top: glass substrate (700 μm) / ITO (135 nm) / PDINN:PFOPy (the ratio varies in the range of 100:1-100:7, m / m) (35 nm) / PM6:Y6 (7:8.4, m / m) (100 nm) / MoO3 (10 nm) / Ag (100 nm);

[0084] The preparation method of the above-mentioned organic solar cell with a hybrid cathode interface layer comprises the following steps:

[0085] S1. PFOPy and PDINN are respectively dissolved in methanol, then 0.1 mL, 2 mg / mL of PFOPy solution and 1 (or 2, 3, 4, 5) mL, 3 mg / mL of PDINN solution are physically blended, the obtained mixture is left to stand in a glove box for 10 h, and then spin-coated onto a glass substrate with ITO at 2000 rpm / 30 s, and annealed at 180℃ for 10 min to obtain a hybrid cathode interface layer;

[0086] S2. Under N2 atmosphere, 1 mL of chloroform and 5 μL of CN are added to 7 mg of PM6 and 8.4 mg of Y6, and stirred at 30℃ for 2 h to obtain an active layer solution;

[0087] The active layer solution is spin-coated onto the hybrid cathode interface layer at 3000 rpm / 30 s, and annealed at 85℃ for 5 min to obtain an active layer; then an anode interface layer MoO3 and an Ag electrode are evaporated under a pressure of 6×10 -4 Pa to obtain the organic solar cell based on the hybrid cathode interface layer.

[0088] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the organic solar cell based on the hybrid cathode interface layer of the application is shown.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] An organic solar cell with a hybrid cathode interface layer suitable for R2R, which structure is as follows from bottom to top: glass substrate (700 μm) / ITO (135 nm) / PDINN:PFOPy (100:2.17, m / m) (thickness varies in the range of 10-50 nm) / PM6:Y6 (7:8.4, m / m) (100 nm) / MoO3 (10 nm) / Ag (100 nm);

[0091] The preparation method of the above-mentioned organic solar cell with a hybrid cathode interface layer comprises the following steps:

[0092] S1. PFOPy and PDINN were dissolved in methanol respectively, then 0.01 mL of PFOPy solution with a concentration of 2 mg / mL was physically blended with 0.9, 0.45, 0.3, 0.225 mL of PDINN solution with a concentration of 1 mg / mL, 2 mg / mL, 3 mg / mL, 4 mg / mL respectively, the obtained mixture was left to stand in a glove box for 10 h, then spin-coated on a glass substrate with ITO at 2000 rpm / 30 s, and annealed at 180℃ for 10 min, to obtain a hybrid cathode interface layer with a thickness of 10 nm, 21 nm, 35 nm, 50 nm respectively;

[0093] S2. 1 mL of chloroform and 5 μL of CN were added to 7 mg of PM6 and 8.4 mg of Y6 under N2 atmosphere, and stirred at 30℃ for 2 h to obtain an active layer solution;

[0094] The active layer solution was spin-coated on the hybrid cathode interface layer at 3000 rpm / 30 s, and annealed at 85℃ for 5 min to obtain an active layer; then an anode interface layer of MoO3 and an Ag electrode were evaporated under a Pa pressure to obtain the organic solar cell suitable for R2R. -4

[0095] Comparative Example 1

[0096] An organic solar cell, the difference between the present comparative example and Example 1 is that the present comparative example uses PDINN as a cathode interface layer; step S1 is replaced by: 0.045 mL of PDINN-methanol solution with a concentration of 3 mg / mL was spin-coated on ITO at 2000 rpm / 30 s, and annealed at 180℃ for 10 min to obtain a cathode interface layer; other structures and preparation methods are the same as Example 1.

[0097] Comparative Example 2

[0098] An organic solar cell, the difference between the present comparative example and Example 2 is that the present comparative example uses PDINN as a cathode interface layer; step S1 is replaced by: 0.045 mL of PDINN-methanol solution with a concentration of 1 mg / mL, 2 mg / mL, 3 mg / mL, 4 mg / mL respectively was spin-coated on ITO at 2000 rpm / 30 s, and annealed at 180℃ for 10 min to obtain a PDINN cathode interface layer with a thickness of 7 nm, 17 nm, 31 nm, 43 nm respectively; other structures and preparation methods are the same as Example 2.

[0099] Test Example 1

[0100] The organic solar cells prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were tested for performance.

[0101] Test method: ​

[0102] The open circuit voltage, current density, fill factor, PCE and other indicators of the organic solar cells prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were tested under AM1.5G spectrum (100 mW / cm 2 ).

[0103] Test results:

[0104] Table 1 shows the performance test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

[0105] Table 1 Performance test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

[0106]

[0107] Figure 2 The voltage-current density curve of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is shown.

[0108] According to Table 1 and Figure 2 It can be concluded that the energy conversion efficiency, open circuit voltage, current density, fill factor of the device of Example 1 show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the decrease of the content of PFOPy doped, and the best performance is achieved when PDINN:PFOPy is 100:2.17 (m / m). It is shown that the cathode interfacial layer prepared by PFOPy and PDINN produces a synergistic effect, and the cross-linkable property of PFOPy enhances the solvent erosion resistance of PDINN, which can optimize the energy level interface distribution between the electrode and the active layer, improve the charge separation, and improve the charge transport capacity. Its performance is significantly improved compared with the device containing only PDINN, and the energy conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell is improved.

[0109] Test Example 2

[0110] The organic solar cells prepared in Example 2 were tested for performance.

[0111] Test method: The open circuit voltage, current density, fill factor, energy conversion efficiency and other indicators of the organic solar cells prepared in Example 2 were tested under AM1.5G spectrum (100 mW / cm 2 ), and the thickness of the hybrid cathode interfacial layer varied in the range of 10-50 nm.

[0112] The test results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 3 .

[0113] Table 2 Performance test results of PDINN:PFOPy (100:2.17, m / m) hybrid cathode interfacial layer under different thicknesses of Example 2

[0114]

[0115] Figure 3 The voltage-current density curves of the hybrid cathode interfacial layer of different thicknesses in Example 2 are shown.

[0116] According to Table 2 and Figure 3 It can be concluded that the organic solar cell of the hybrid cathode interfacial layer suitable for R2R of the present application has an energy conversion efficiency of 15.259-15.857% when the thickness of the hybrid cathode interfacial layer is between 10-50 nm, and the device performance decreases very little when the thickness increases to 50 nm compared with the optimal performance. It can be seen that the PCE of the organic solar cell based on the hybrid cathode interfacial layer of the present application is less sensitive to the thickness of the interfacial layer, and is more suitable for future R2R printing preparation of high-performance OSCs, which has good application prospect.

[0117] Test Example 3

[0118] The performance of the organic solar cell prepared in Comparative Example 2 was tested.

[0119] Test method: The open circuit voltage, current density, fill factor, energy conversion efficiency and other indicators of the organic solar cell prepared in Comparative Example 2 were tested under AM1.5G spectrum (100 mW / cm 2 ).

[0120] The test results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 4 .

[0121] Table 3 Performance test results of pure PDINN cathode interfacial layer at different thicknesses in Comparative Example 2

[0122]

[0123] Figure 4 The voltage-current density curves of the PDINN cathode interfacial layer at different thicknesses in Comparative Example 2 are shown.

[0124] According to Table 3 and Figure 4 It can be concluded that the pure PDINN cathode interfacial layer has poor solvent resistance and is not thickness-insensitive. In combination with the results of Example 2, the cross-linkable property of PFOPy enhances the solvent resistance of PDINN, significantly improves the charge transport ability, and the performance is significantly improved compared with the device containing only PDINN, achieving the improvement of the energy conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell.

[0125] Test Example 4

[0126] The stability of the organic solar cell devices of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was tested.

[0127] The test results are shown in Table 4 and Figure 5 .

[0128] Table 4 Stability test results of organic solar cell devices of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

[0129]

[0130] Figure 5 Voltage-current density curves of stability of organic solar cell devices of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are shown.

[0131] According to Table 4 and Figure 5 It can be concluded that the stability of pure PDINN cathode interface layer is relatively poor, while the stability of the hybrid device is obviously improved.

[0132] Test Example 5

[0133] In order to verify the solvent erosion resistance of PDINN, quartz substrate / PDINN:PFOPy (100:2.17, m / m) hybrid thin film and quartz substrate / pure PDINN thin film samples were prepared, then the PDINN:PFOPy hybrid thin film and the PDINN pure thin film were spin-coated with chloroform solvent twice, washed for 60s, and finally the optical absorption spectra of the thin film before and after washing with solvent chloroform were tested.

[0134] Test method: The change of thin film thickness was determined by testing the optical absorption spectra of PDINN and PDINN:PFOPy thin films before and after chloroform solvent spin-coating washing using a UV-visible spectrometer (UV-3600), and the solvent erosion resistance of the PDINN thin film was determined at the same time. The scanning wavelength of the UV-visible spectrometer (UV-3600) was 1.5 nm, and the scanning wavelength was 300-800 nm.

[0135] The test results are shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 According to Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be concluded that the solvent erosion resistance of pure PDINN thin film is poor, so it is not possible to determine the accurate thickness of the thin film, while the PDINN:PFOPy thin film after PFOPy doping modification shows strong solvent erosion resistance, which greatly improves the performance and stability of the device.

[0136] It is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present application should be defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to encompass all changes falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims.

[0137] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes only one independent technical solution, and the specification is described in this way only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. An organic solar cell suitable for R2R hybrid cathode interfacial layer characterized in that, The structure of the organic solar cell suitable for the hybrid cathode interface layer for R2R, from bottom to top, comprises in sequence: a substrate, a cathode, a hybrid cathode interface layer, an active layer, an anode interface layer, and an anode. Wherein, The hybrid cathode interface layer is prepared from a cross-linkable organic polymer material and an organic fused-ring N-type material; The preparation method of the hybrid cathode interface layer comprises the following steps: The cross-linkable organic polymer material and the organic fused-ring N-type material are respectively added into a solvent to obtain a polymer solution and a small molecule solution, then the two solutions are physically blended, the obtained mixed solution is coated on the cathode, and after heat treatment, the hybrid cathode interface layer is obtained; The temperature of the heat treatment is 150-200℃, and the treatment time is 10-20min; The organic fused-ring N-type material is a host material, and the cross-linkable organic polymer material is a doping material; The cross-linkable organic polymer material has the following general structure: Wherein, R x to contain cross-linkable groups; R Y alkyl chain with or without aryl groups, or an alkyl chain with a water-alcohol soluble group; The organic fused-ring N-type material is selected from a small molecule; The small molecule has the following general structure: Wherein, R z alkyl chain containing a water-alcohol soluble group; The mass ratio of the organic fused-ring N-type material to the cross-linkable organic polymer material is 100:1-100:7; The thickness of the hybrid cathode interface layer is 10-50nm.

2. The organic solar cell of claim 1, adapted for R2R hybrid cathode interfacial layers, wherein In the active layer, the donor material is selected from a P-type organic semiconductor based on a specific unit 1, and the acceptor material is selected from an N-type organic semiconductor based on a specific unit 2; wherein the specific unit 1 is selected from one or more of the following structures: The specific unit 2 is selected from one or more of the following structures: Wherein, R1-R6 are independently selected from alkyl with carbon atom number of 1-40, or alkyl derivatives with carbon atom number of 1-40; One or more carbon atoms on the alkyl derivative are substituted by one or more of hydrogen atoms, oxygen atoms, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl, carboxyl, ester, cyano, nitro; And / or, One or more hydrogen atoms on the alkyl derivative are substituted by one or more of fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, bromine atoms, iodine atoms; X1-X6 are independently selected from one or more of hydrogen atoms, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, cyano, nitro.

3. The organic solar cell of claim 1, wherein the hybrid cathode interfacial layer is suitable for R2R, and The substrate is selected from one or more of glass, flexible material, metal and alloy.

4. The organic solar cell of claim 1, wherein the hybrid cathode interfacial layer is suitable for R2R, and The anode is selected from one or more of aluminum, silver, copper, gold, metal oxide and graphene.

5. The organic solar cell of claim 1, wherein the hybrid cathode interfacial layer is suitable for R2R, and The anode interfacial layer is selected from one or more of MoO x , VO x , NiO x , WO x , RuO2, GrO x .

6. The method of producing an organic solar cell suitable for R2R hybrid cathode interfacial layers according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The preparation method of the organic solar cell based on the hybrid cathode interface layer comprises the following steps: S1. The cross-linkable organic polymer material and the organic fused-ring N-type material are respectively added into a solvent to obtain a polymer solution and a small molecule solution, then the two solutions are physically blended, the obtained mixed solution is coated on the cathode, and after heat treatment, the hybrid cathode interface layer is obtained; S2. The photoactive layer is coated on the hybrid cathode interface layer, and then the anode interface layer and the anode are evaporated to obtain the organic solar cell based on the hybrid cathode interface layer.

7. The method for preparing an organic solar cell with a hybrid cathode interface layer suitable for R2R according to claim 6, characterized in that, The solvent is selected from one or more of deionized water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, methoxyethyleneglycol, N,N-dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, anisole, methyl anisole, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitrile, and gamma-butyrolactone. The solvent is selected from one or more of deionized water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, methoxyethyleneglycol, N,N-dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, anisole, methyl anisole, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitrile, and gamma-butyrolactone. The solvent is selected from one or more of deionized water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, methoxyethyleneglycol, N,N-dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylform

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