Terminal, wireless communication method, base station, and system

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a control unit that determines the transmission power of a signal for an antenna point included in an antenna group based on power control parameters related to the antenna group; and a transmission unit that transmits the signal based on the transmission power. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, communication can be appropriately performed even when the distributed MIMO technique is actually applied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. Background Art

[0002] In a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been standardized for the purpose of further high-speed data rates, low latency, etc. (Non-Patent Document 1). In addition, for the purpose of further large capacity and high performance of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9), LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been standardized.

[0003] Research is also underway on a successor system to LTE (for example, also known as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+(plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later, etc.).

[0004] Prior Art Documents

[0005] Non-Patent Documents

[0006] Non-Patent Document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)", April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0008] In NR after Rel.17, research is being conducted on using millimeter wave (mmWave)-based distributed MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output) to expand the area coverage in the communication between a user terminal (user terminal, User Equipment (UE)) and a network (Network (NW), such as a base station).

[0009] In the distributed MIMO technology whose adoption is being studied in such Rel.17 and later, regarding how to control the transmission power, the research has not made progress. Specifically, regarding the UL / DL transmission power control method, the research is insufficient. If this control is not clarified, there is a concern that the increase in communication throughput will be suppressed.

[0010] Therefore, one of the purposes of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can appropriately implement communication even when the distributed MIMO technology is actually applied.

[0011] Means for Solving the Problem

[0012] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes: a control unit that determines the transmission power of a signal for an antenna point included in the antenna group based on a power control parameter associated with the antenna group; and a transmission unit that transmits the signal based on the transmission power.

[0013] Advantageous Effects of the Invention

[0014] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, communication can be appropriately implemented even when the distributed MIMO technology is actually applied. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a diagram showing an example of an SFN in a tunnel.

[0016] Figure 2A And Figure 2B It is a diagram showing an example of arranging multiple antennas or multiple TRPs around a base station.

[0017] Figure 3A And Figure 3B It is a diagram showing an example of the structure of an antenna arranged around a base station.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a diagram showing an example of communication based on antenna structure (1).

[0019] Figure 5 It is a diagram showing an example of communication based on antenna structure (2).

[0020] Figure 6A and Figure 6B is a diagram showing an example of communication based on the antenna structure (2).

[0021] Figure 7A and Figure 7B is a diagram showing an example of the association between an antenna point and an antenna group.

[0022] Figure 8A and Figure 8B is a diagram showing an example of the association between an antenna point and an antenna group.

[0023] Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of the association between an antenna point, an antenna port, and an antenna group.

[0024] Figure 10 is a diagram showing an example related to the determination of transmission power in the case of performing transmission power control for each antenna point / port.

[0025] Figure 11 is a diagram showing an example related to the determination of transmission power in the case of performing transmission power control for each antenna group.

[0026] Figure 12 is a diagram showing an example related to the determination of transmission power in the case of performing transmission power control for each of multiple (all) antenna groups.

[0027] Figure 13 is a diagram showing an example of performing UL beam control for UL signals / reference signals.

[0028] Figure 14 is a diagram showing an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment.

[0029] Figure 15 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a base station according to an embodiment.

[0030] Figure 16 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a user terminal according to an embodiment.

[0031] Figure 17 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. Detailed implementation mode

[0032] In subsequent systems of LTE (e.g., the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+(plus), New Radio (NR)), a wireless communication method using millimeter waves has been introduced. In Rel.15 NR, hybrid beamforming (e.g., Beam Management) based on Massive MIMO has been introduced, and in Rel.16 NR, through the introduction of Distributed MIMO (multi-TRP), the communication speed and reliability of the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) have been improved.

[0033] In NR after Rel.17, improvements in the communication speed and reliability of channels other than the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) based on Distributed MIMO (multi-TRP) are expected. In addition, in NR after Rel.17, improvements in beam management in scenarios using moving objects such as high-speed trains (HTS (High Speed Train)) moving at high speeds are expected.

[0034] However, the above improvements in communication speed and reliability are best effort type and the applied areas are limited.

[0035] In subsequent systems of NR (e.g., also referred to as 5G+, 6G, etc.), compared with the above 5G, higher data rate / capacity, wide coverage range, low energy / cost, low latency, high reliability, massive connections, etc. are further required. In addition, in this disclosure, "A / B" may also refer to at least one of A and B.

[0036] Along with the above requirements for 6G, a conversion from best effort communication to quality assured communication is expected. In addition, high-speed / high-reliability communication is expected to be extended to applications across the entire area rather than area-limited applications.

[0037] There are multiple issues in the wireless communication method using millimeter waves. For example, there are concerns such as an increase in propagation loss due to an increase in communication distance, an increase in non-line of sight loss due to the high directivity of radio waves, difficulty in implementing high-order SU-MIMO (Single User MIMO) due to fewer multipaths, and an increase in device installation density due to an increase in device size.

[0038] In the LTE system, a Single Frequency Network (SFN) that utilizes multiple small antennas within a building (e.g., tunnels, buildings, etc.) with the same cell ID for each antenna is operated. An SFN is a method that uses multiple antennas to simultaneously transmit the same signal in the same physical resource block (PRB), and the receiving UE assumes that the signal is transmitted from one point.

[0039] Figure 1 FIG. is an example of an SFN in a tunnel. In Figure 1 For example, outside the tunnel (e.g., near the tunnel entrance), large antennas are set up, and inside the tunnel, small antennas are set up. The large antenna can be, for example, an antenna with a transmission power of about 1W to 5W. The small antenna can be, for example, an antenna with a transmission power of about 250mW. The large antenna can also transmit downlink (DL) signals to both inside and outside the tunnel, and the small antenna can transmit DL signals inside the tunnel. The large antenna can also perform handover before the UE enters the tunnel. Figure 1 The large antenna and the small antenna in Figure 1 can also simultaneously transmit the same DL signal in the same PRB for one UE. Additionally,

[0040] In this disclosure, "transmission of DL signals by the antenna" can also be replaced with "reception of uplink (UL) signals by the antenna". Additionally, "reception of DL signals by the UE" can also be replaced with "transmission of UL signals by the UE".

[0041] To expand the area where distributed MIMO using millimeter waves is actually applied, methods of arranging a large number of antenna points are being studied. For example, it can be a method of ensuring a high-speed and highly reliable area by arranging multiple high-frequency antennas with a relatively narrow coverage range starting from a low-frequency base station with a relatively wide coverage range as shown in Figure 2A .

[0042] In this disclosure, the low-frequency base station with a relatively wide coverage range can also be simply referred to as the base station. Additionally, the high-frequency antenna with a relatively narrow coverage range can also be simply referred to as the antenna.

[0043] These multiple antennas can be not only set up outdoors but also set up on the ceiling / wall indoors and operated. For example, they can be set up near indoor lighting sources. In this case, the possibility of being in the line of sight for multiple UEs indoors is high, and propagation loss can be reduced.

[0044] Figure 2A This is a diagram showing an example of configuring multiple antennas around a base station. For example, as Figure 2A The method of arranging antenna points like that can be achieved at low cost, but it is difficult to optimize the resource utilization efficiency. If the distance of the high-frequency antenna extends, there is a problem that the propagation loss becomes larger.

[0045] On the other hand, in order to expand the area where distributed MIMO using millimeter waves is actually applied, a method of extending a part of the base station function to the periphery of the high-frequency antenna has also been studied. This method is similar to the method of configuring multiple Transmission / Reception Points (TRPs) around the base station.

[0046] Figure 2B This is a diagram showing an example of configuring multiple TRPs around a base station. For example, as Figure 2B The method of extending multiple TRPs to the periphery of the base station like that can perform resource control for each TRP. Even if the distance between TRPs extends, it is possible to reduce the propagation loss by actually applying optical fibers, etc.

[0047] In addition, in the present disclosure, an "antenna point" may also refer to "an antenna corresponding to (equivalent to) a physical antenna element", "an antenna corresponding to (equivalent to) multiple physical antenna elements (physical antenna elements)". Furthermore, an antenna port may also refer to "an antenna that is a signal processing unit composed of one or more antenna points", "a signal processing unit corresponding to one or more antenna points", "a logical entity corresponding to a signal output from one or more antenna points", etc. In addition, an "antenna group" may also refer to "multiple antennas composed of one or more antenna points", "multiple antennas composed of one or more antenna ports".

[0048] In addition, in the present disclosure, "antenna point" may also be interchangeable with "antenna terminal", "antenna port", "antenna group", "antenna element", "antenna position", "high-frequency antenna point", "high-frequency antenna terminal", "high-frequency antenna port", "high-frequency antenna group", "high-frequency antenna element", "high-frequency antenna position", etc.

[0049] In addition, in the present disclosure, "antenna group" may also be interchangeable with "antenna group (group)", "antenna set", "high-frequency antenna group", "high-frequency antenna group", "high-frequency antenna set", etc.

[0050] As a method of arranging a large number of antenna points in order to expand the area where distributed MIMO using millimeter waves is actually applied, two structures are being studied.

[0051] One is as Figure 3AIn this way, a structure (antenna structure (1)) is being studied in which a high-frequency antenna is connected by wires or the like and continuously extended in a certain direction. In the case of this antenna structure, although the structural cost can be suppressed, the antenna loss becomes larger, especially near the antenna that is relatively far from the base station.

[0052] Another is as Figure 3B In this way, a structure (antenna structure (2)) is being studied in which a part of the antenna is relayed (for example, relayed using optical fibers, IAB, etc.). In the case of this antenna structure, antenna loss can be suppressed even for an antenna that is relatively far from the base station.

[0053] In the case of antenna structure (1), the same signal can also be transmitted from all antenna points. If a UE exists near any one of the multiple high-frequency antenna points, DL communication can be performed with this UE. At this time, the NW does not need to identify whether the UE is located near any one of the antennas, and the overhead can be suppressed. However, if the same transmission signal is transmitted from all antenna points, the frequency utilization efficiency based on location deteriorates.

[0054] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of communication based on antenna structure (1). In Figure 4 a DL signal for UE1 is transmitted from the high-frequency antenna. In this case, UE1 near the high-frequency antenna can communicate. The transmission signal from the high-frequency antenna that is relatively far from the base station to UE1 contributes little to improving the received signal for UE1. Therefore, it is preferable to apply the frequency resources in practice for UE2 or the like near the same high-frequency antenna.

[0055] To solve the problems of the above antenna structure (1), it is considered to divide a series of antenna points into multiple antenna points, design antenna groups composed of multiple consecutive antenna points, and transmit independent transmission signals for each such antenna group.

[0056] Figure 5 is a diagram showing an example of communication based on antenna structure (2). For example, as Figure 5 shown, when the antenna points relatively close to the base station (antenna points #1 to #4) are set as the first antenna group and the antenna points relatively far from the base station (antenna points #5 to #8) are set as the second antenna group, UE1 near the first antenna group and UE2 near the second antenna group can properly communicate with the NW.

[0057] In addition, Figure 5 the structure of the example has the function of the base station performing scheduling for each antenna group, and can relay for each antenna group (for example, relay based on the extension of optical fibers, etc.), or can have a part of the functions of the base station for each antenna group.

[0058] In the antenna structure (2), the same DL signal / reference signal (Reference Signal (RS)) can also be transmitted from each antenna group. In addition, in the antenna structure (2), the same (common) DL signal / RS can be transmitted from a part of the antenna groups, and different DL signals / RS can be transmitted from other antenna groups.

[0059] Figure 6A And Figure 6B is a diagram showing an example of communication based on the antenna structure (2). In Figure 6A , in the first antenna group and the second antenna group, a DL signal common to UE1 and UE2 is transmitted. On the other hand, in Figure 6B , in the first antenna group, DL signal 1 for UE1 is transmitted, and in the second antenna group, DL signal 2 for UE2 is transmitted.

[0060] (TCI, Spatial Relation, QCL)

[0061] In NR, research is being conducted on controlling at least one of a signal and a channel (hereinafter referred to as a signal / channel) in a UE based on a transmission configuration indication state (Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)) (e.g., at least one of reception, demapping, demodulation, and decoding) and transmission processing (e.g., at least one of transmission, mapping, precoding, modulation, and coding).

[0062] The TCI state can also represent the state of a signal / channel applied to the downlink. A state corresponding to the TCI state of a signal / channel applied to the uplink can also be expressed as a spatial relation.

[0063] The so-called TCI state is information related to the quasi-co-location (Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)) of a signal / channel, and can also be called a spatial reception parameter, spatial relation information (Spatial Relation Information), etc. The TCI state can also be set for a UE for each channel or for each signal.

[0064] In addition, in the present disclosure, the DL TCI state, the UL spatial relation, the UL TCI state, etc. can also be mutually replaced.

[0065] The so-called QCL is an indicator representing the statistical properties of a signal / channel. For example, it can also represent that when a certain signal / channel is in a QCL relationship with other signals / channels, it can be assumed that among these multiple different signals / channels, at least one of the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial parameter (e.g., spatial Rx parameter) is the same (for at least one of them, it is QCL).

[0066] In addition, the spatial Rx parameter can either correspond to the receiving beam of the UE (e.g., receiving analog beam) or determine the beam based on spatial QCL. The QCL (or at least one element of QCL) in this disclosure can also be replaced by sQCL (spatial QCL).

[0067] Multiple types (QCL types) of QCL can also be defined. For example, four QCL types A - D can also be set, and the parameters (or parameter sets) that can be assumed to be the same among these four QCL types A - D are different. The following is described for this parameter (which can also be called the QCL parameter):

[0068] · QCL type A (QCL - A): Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread;

[0069] · QCL type B (QCL - B): Doppler shift and Doppler spread;

[0070] · QCL type C (QCL - C): Doppler shift and average delay;

[0071] · QCL type D (QCL - D): spatial Rx parameter.

[0072] The UE assumes that a specific Control Resource Set (CORESET), channel, or reference signal is in a specific QCL (e.g., QCL type D) relationship with other CORESETs, channels, or reference signals, which can also be called QCL assumption.

[0073] The UE can also determine at least one of the transmission beam (Tx beam) and the receiving beam (Rx beam) of the signal / channel based on the TCI state or QCL assumption of the signal / channel.

[0074] The TCI state can also be, for example, information related to the quasi - co - location (QCL) between the channel that becomes the object (in other words, the reference signal (RS) used for this channel) and other signals (for example, other RSs). The TCI state can also be set (indicated) by higher - layer signaling, physical - layer signaling, or a combination thereof.

[0075] In this disclosure, the higher - layer signaling can also be, for example, any one of radio resource control (RRC) signaling, medium access control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, etc., or a combination thereof.

[0076] The MAC signaling can also use, for example, MAC control elements (MAC CEs), MAC protocol data units (MAC PDUs), etc. The broadcast information can also be, for example, the master information block (MIB), system information block (SIB), remaining minimum system information (RMSI), other system information (OSI), etc.

[0077] The physical - layer signaling can also be, for example, downlink control information (DCI).

[0078] The channels for which the TCI state or spatial relationship is set (specified) can also be, for example, at least one of the downlink shared channel (physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)), downlink control channel (physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)), uplink shared channel (physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)), and uplink control channel (physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)).

[0079] In addition, the RS that forms a QCL relationship with this channel can also be, for example, at least one of a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a reference signal for measurement (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), a CSI-RS for tracking (also referred to as a Tracking Reference Signal (TRS)), and a reference signal for QCL detection (also referred to as a QRS).

[0080] The SSB is a signal block that includes at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)). The SSB can also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block.

[0081] The information element of the TCI state (the "TCI-state IE" of RRC) set by higher-layer signaling can also include one or more QCL information ("QCL-Info"). The QCL information can also include at least one of information related to the RS that forms a QCL relationship (RS relationship information) and information indicating the QCL type (QCL type information). The RS relationship information can also include information such as the index of the RS (e.g., SSB index, Non-Zero-Power (NZP) CSI-RS resource ID (identifier)), the index of the cell where the RS is located, and the index of the Bandwidth Part (BWP) where the RS is located.

[0082] In Rel.15 NR, both the RS of QCL type A and the RS of QCL type D or only the RS of QCL type A can be set for the UE as the TCI state of at least one of the PDCCH and the PDSCH.

[0083] In the case where the TRS is set as the RS of QCL type A, it is assumed that the TRS is different from the DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) of the PDCCH or the PDSCH, and the same TRS is periodically transmitted for a long time. The UE can measure the TRS and calculate the average delay, delay spread, etc.

[0084] A UE that has set the TRS as an RS of QCL type A in the TCI state of the DMRS of PDCCH or PDSCH can be assumed to have the same QCL type A parameters (such as average delay, delay spread, etc.) for the DMRS of PDCCH or PDSCH and the TRS. Therefore, the UE can obtain the type A parameters (such as average delay, delay spread, etc.) of the DMRS of PDCCH or PDSCH based on the measurement results of the TRS. When performing channel estimation of at least one of PDCCH and PDSCH, the UE can use the measurement results of the TRS to perform more accurate channel estimation.

[0085] A UE that has set an RS of QCL type D can use the RS of QCL type D to determine the UE receive beam (spatial domain receive filter, UE spatial domain receive filter).

[0086] The RS of QCL type X in the TCI state can also represent an RS that is in a QCL type X relationship with a certain channel / signal (DMRS thereof), and this RS can also be referred to as the QCL source of QCL type X in this TCI state.

[0087] In addition, in the distributed MIMO technology that has been studied for adoption after Rel. 17 and uses the above antenna structure, there has been no progress in the study of how to control the transmission power. Specifically, the study of UL / DL transmission power control methods is insufficient. If this control is not clarified, there is a concern that the increase in communication throughput will be suppressed.

[0088] Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have come up with a method that can appropriately perform communication by determining transmission power control for each antenna point / port / group even when using the distributed MIMO technology that uses the above antenna structure.

[0089] Hereinafter, embodiments related to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Each embodiment can be applied separately or in combination.

[0090] (Wireless communication method)

[0091] <First Embodiment>

[0092] The inventors of the present invention focused on the case where the physical distance between each antenna point in the antenna group becomes larger and the signals of each antenna point generate phase offsets, and thus came up with the first embodiment.

[0093] It can also be set with different TCI states for each antenna point. In other words, the UE can also be considered to have the TCI states set separately (e.g., different TCI states) for each antenna point. Additionally, in the present disclosure, the TCI state can also be interchangeable with at least one of the DL TCI state, UL TCI state, unified TCI state, spatial relationship, QCL, QCL assumption, and QCL type.

[0094] For example, the UE can also be considered to have the TCI states set separately for each antenna point. That is, support can also be provided for setting different TCI states for multiple antenna points. In addition, the UE can also be considered to have the TCI states set separately for a set of multiple antenna points.

[0095] Furthermore, the UE can also be considered to have a specific QCL type (e.g., QCL type D) set for each antenna group. For example, the UE can also be considered to have at least a specific QCL type the same among the antenna points in the same CDM (Code Division Multiplexing) group (e.g., among the antenna points multiplexed in at least one of the code domain, spatial domain, and beam region), and receive the DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) corresponding to this CDM group. In addition, the UE can also be considered to have QCL types other than a specific type different among the antenna points in different CDM groups (e.g., among the antenna points multiplexed in at least one of the time domain and frequency domain), and receive the DMRS corresponding to this CDM group.

[0096] Additionally, in the present disclosure, the CDM group, group, CORESET, PDSCH, codeword, antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), reference signal group, CORESET group, etc. can also be interchangeable. Moreover, the antenna group and the TRP can also be interchangeable.

[0097] The setting of the TCI state (QCL) for the above-mentioned antenna points can also be performed through higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), or a combination of these. For example, the QCL for one or more antenna points can also be set semi-statically through RRC signaling. In addition, the QCL for one or more antenna points can also be selected through MAC CE after being set semi-statically through RRC signaling. The QCL for one or more antenna points can also be selected through MAC CE after being set semi-statically through RRC signaling, and further, after being selected through MAC CE, it can be selected through DCI.

[0098] According to the setting method of the TCI state (QCL) in the first embodiment above, communication can be appropriately performed even when the physical distance between antenna points is large.

[0099] In addition, at least one of the UE and the NW may also perform independent signal processing (e.g., precoding, etc.) for each antenna point included in one antenna group. It is required that at least one of the UE and the NW perform transmission and reception processing based on antenna points with different phases within the antenna group. For this purpose, it is preferable to grasp the channel state (including the phase difference) between the UE and each antenna point.

[0100] For example, it may be that the UE transmits a UL reference signal (Reference Signal (RS)) (e.g., SRS), and the NW performs channel state information (Channel State Information (CSI)) measurement based on this reference signal. In this case, the NW can appropriately measure the channel including the phase difference of each antenna point.

[0101] In addition, for example, in the case of CSI measurement by DL RS, the UE may also perform CSI measurement based on a new CSI codebook that takes into account the phase difference of the signals between antenna points. In other words, the UE may also perform signal processing on the DL signals received from each antenna point based on this newly specified codebook. For example, the UE may refer to the codebook for a single panel and perform CSI measurement related to multiple panels assuming that one panel corresponds to one antenna point. In addition, the multiple panels may be non-coherent.

[0102] In addition, in the present disclosure, CSI may be measured for each antenna point, may be measured for each antenna port, may be measured for each antenna group, or may be measured for each of multiple antenna groups.

[0103] According to the CSI measurement method in the first embodiment above, appropriate communication considering the phase difference of each antenna point can be performed.

[0104] <Second Embodiment>

[0105] Hereinafter, the association between antenna points and an antenna group composed of one or more antenna points will be described. The number of antenna points constituting the antenna group shown in the following description is only an example and is not limited thereto.

[0106] The UE may also assume that the association between antenna points and antenna groups is performed based on a certain rule. This rule may be predefined in the specification. For example, X antenna points (X is an arbitrary natural number) may be set as the unit of one antenna group, and X may also be specified by the specification. For example, as Figure 7AAs shown, it is also possible to form one antenna group for every four antenna points.

[0107] In addition, the UE can also assume that the association between antenna points and antenna groups is carried out (at least one of notification, setting, updating, activation, and deactivation) through higher-layer signaling, physical-layer signaling, or a combination of these. In this case, flexible communication control according to the distribution, traffic volume, etc. of multiple UEs can be performed.

[0108] For example, as Figure 7B shown, the association between antenna points and antenna groups can also be updated through higher-layer signaling, physical-layer signaling, or a combination of these.

[0109] In addition, the individual antenna points included in an antenna group may not be continuous. For example, the UE can also be notified of the antenna points included in an antenna group through a bitmap.

[0110] In addition, the number (ID, index) of antenna points can also be a local number within each antenna group. For example, as in the example Figure 8A shown, within each antenna group, the number of antenna points (in this case, #0 to #3) can also be set in ascending order. In addition, within each antenna group, the number of antenna points can also be common. In this case, the numbers of the antenna points constituting different antenna groups can be either common or different. For example, as in the example Figure 8B shown, the same number of an antenna point (in this case, #0) can also be set.

[0111] In addition, in the present disclosure, ascending order can also be replaced by descending order.

[0112] In addition, the association between the antenna points corresponding to physical antenna elements (or a set of multiple physical antenna elements) and the antenna ports of the signal processing unit can also be set (or specified, indicated). For example, as in the example Figure 9 shown, the numbers associating the individual antenna points included in the first and second antenna groups with the antenna ports of the signal processing unit can also be set.

[0113] The association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups can also be explicitly notified to the UE through higher-layer signaling, physical-layer signaling, or a combination of these.

[0114] For example, the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups can also be notified to the UE through higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE).

[0115] In addition, regarding the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups, multiple associations can also be notified to the UE via higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE). The UE can also determine one association from the multiple associations via DCI. The DCI can also be the DCI that schedules the control channel / shared channel, and an indication field related to the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups can also be defined. The size of the indication field can also be Ceil(log2(M)) bits. At this time, M can also be the number of candidates notified to the UE via higher-layer signaling (or the number of the above-mentioned associations set for the UE). Additionally, Ceil(X) in the present disclosure can also refer to the ceiling function of X.

[0116] In addition, the UE can also implicitly determine the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups.

[0117] For example, the UE can also implicitly determine the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups based on the physical resources of the DCI (or the PDCCH that transmits the DCI). The physical resources of the DCI can also be at least one of the time resource, frequency resource, Control Channel Element (CCE) index, search space index, Control Resource Set (CORESET) index, and aggregation level of the DCI. For example, the UE can also be assumed to set the number of remainders obtained by further dividing the value of the CCE index (or the value of the aggregation level, or the value obtained by dividing the CCE index by the aggregation level) by a certain integer as the value related to the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups indicated by the NW.

[0118] In addition, for example, the UE can also be assumed that, based on the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups of the DCI, the antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups for data scheduling based on the DCI are determined. For example, the UE can also be assumed that the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups of the DCI and the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups for data scheduling based on the DCI are common. In addition, for example, the UE can also apply a certain transformation formula to the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups of the DCI to determine the association between antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups for data scheduling based on the DCI.

[0119] In addition, for example, the UE can also be assumed that based on the TCI state of the DCI (or the PDCCH that transmits the DCI), the antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups for data scheduling based on the DCI are determined.

[0120] In addition, the association between the antenna points and the antenna groups described in the second embodiment may be the same or different in the uplink and the downlink. Further, this association may be set, activated, determined, etc. for each channel and each reference signal, or may be set, activated, determined, etc. commonly for a plurality of channels / reference signals.

[0121] According to the second embodiment described above, the UE can perform appropriate communication based on the association between the antenna points, the antenna ports, and the antenna groups.

[0122] <Third Embodiment>

[0123] Hereinafter, transmission power control for antenna points, antenna ports, and antenna groups will be described.

[0124] Transmission power control may also be performed on uplink (UL) / downlink (DL) signals (e.g., UL / DL data channels, UL / DL control channels). Transmission power control may also be performed on UL / DL reference signals (e.g., DMRS, SRS, CSI-RS, and TRS, etc.). These transmission power controls may also be performed based on at least one of open-loop (OL)-TPC (e.g., path loss guaranteed type (P0 is notified), fractional TPC (α is notified based on P0)) and closed-loop (CL)-TPC (TPC command is notified).

[0125] Here, the power control parameters for OL-TPC may also include at least one of P0, α, and path loss reference RS. P0 may, for example, also be a parameter related to the transmission power offset, the transmission power offset, or a target reception power parameter, etc. Further, α may, for example, also be a value provided by a higher layer parameter such as msg3-Alpha, p0-PUSCH-Alpha, fractional factor, etc. The path loss reference RS may be provided either by a higher layer parameter (e.g., pathlossReferenceRSs) or by a combination of a higher layer parameter and a MAC CE. The power control parameters for CL-TPC may also include at least one of a closed-loop index (power control adjustment state index, index corresponding to the cumulative value of the TPC command) and the cumulative value of the TPC command (power control adjustment state).

[0126] In addition, power control parameters may also be maintained for UL beam specific / UL UE panel specific. The base station or the UE is subjected to transmission power control by indicating (or selecting) the maintained power control parameters.

[0127] In addition, power control parameters may also be maintained for antenna point specific / group specific / panel specific / port specific of a transmit receive point (TRP). The base station or the UE indicates (or selects) the maintained power control parameters, so as to perform transmit power control.

[0128] "Operation 1-1"

[0129] Figure 10 FIG. is an example related to the determination of transmit power in the case of performing transmit power control for each antenna point / port. In Figure 10 , antenna points #0 and #1 are included in the first antenna group, and antenna points #2 and #3 are included in the second antenna group. In addition, in the present disclosure, the antenna points may also be referred to as virtual antenna points, virtual antenna ports, pseudo antenna points, pseudo antenna ports, virtual RS points, virtual RS ports, pseudo RS points, pseudo RS ports, etc.

[0130] In addition, the UE may also assume that the virtual antenna points / ports (which may also be referred to as virtual antenna points / ports) are composed of the antenna points / ports actually used in MIMO transmission. The virtual antenna points / ports may include only the antenna points / ports within the antenna group, or may include the antenna points / ports across multiple antenna groups. In addition, the virtual antenna points / ports for a certain multi-antenna transmission may also form a virtual antenna group.

[0131] The UE and the NW may also associate each antenna point within the antenna group with an antenna port. In addition, the network may use high-layer signaling, physical-layer signaling, or a combination thereof to notify the UE of information related to the antenna points / ports actually used in MIMO transmission.

[0132] In addition, the virtual antenna points / ports may also correspond to the antenna points / ports activated based on high-layer signaling, physical-layer signaling, or a combination thereof.

[0133] In addition, each antenna point (or each virtual antenna point) within the antenna group (or virtual antenna group) may either transmit the same data or perform signal processing and transmission independently.

[0134] As Figure 10 shown, in the case of performing transmit power control for each antenna point / port, the power control parameters (e.g., parameters of open-loop (OL)-TPC) may also be set for each antenna point / port.

[0135] In addition, power control parameters (e.g., the state of CL-TPC (the cumulative value of TPC commands)) can also be maintained for each antenna point / port. For example, Figure 10 P0(i) in Figure 10 represents P0 for port #i.

[0136] For at least one of the beam, antenna panel, and TRP, at least one of the parameters of the specific OL-TPC and the state of CL-TPC can also be maintained for each antenna point / port.

[0137] The value of the maximum transmission power (P CMAX , values related to the Maximum Power Reduction (MPR), etc.) can also be specified / set for each antenna point / port. Here, P CMAX can also be, for example, the transmission power in the UE (also referred to as the maximum transmission power, UE maximum output power, etc.). In addition, MPR can be, for example, to reduce the maximum transmission power based on the size and cost of the UE.

[0138] The UE can also apply corresponding power control parameters (e.g., at least one of the TPC parameters, state, and maintained values) for each antenna point / port of the transmission destination to determine the transmission power.

[0139] In addition, the selection of the antenna point / port / group of the transmission destination can be based on an indication from the base station or determined by the UE based on the received power (e.g., the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., the Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)), etc. In Operations 1-2 to 1-4 below, the antenna point / port / group of the transmission destination can be selected in the same way as in Operation 1-1.

[0140] According to the above Operation 1-1, by determining the transmission power for each antenna point / port, communication can be appropriately performed.

[0141] "Operation 1-2"

[0142] Figure 11 is a diagram showing an example related to the determination of the transmission power in the case of performing transmission power control for each antenna group. As Figure 11 shown, in the case of performing transmission power control for each antenna group, the power control parameters (e.g., the parameters of OL-TPC) can also be set for each antenna group.

[0143] In addition, the state of the CL-TPC (the cumulative value of the TPC command) can also be maintained for each antenna group.

[0144] For at least one of the beam, the antenna panel, and the TRP, at least one of the parameters of the specific OL-TPC and the state of the CL-TPC can also be maintained for each antenna group.

[0145] The value of the maximum transmission power (P CMAX , values such as MPR, etc.) can also be specified (or set) for each antenna group.

[0146] The UE can also apply corresponding power control parameters (e.g., at least one of the TPC parameter, the state, and the maintained value) for each antenna group of the transmission destination to determine the transmission power.

[0147] According to the above Operations 1-2, by determining the transmission power for each antenna group, communication can be appropriately performed.

[0148] "Operation 1-3"

[0149] Figure 12 is a diagram showing an example related to the determination of the transmission power in the case of performing transmission power control for each of multiple (all) antenna groups. As Figure 12 shown, in the case of performing transmission power control for each of multiple (all) antenna groups, the power control parameters (e.g., the parameters of the OL-TPC) can also be set for each of multiple (all) antenna groups.

[0150] In addition, the state of the CL-TPC (the cumulative value of the TPC command) can also be maintained for each of multiple (all) antenna groups.

[0151] For at least one of the beam, the antenna panel, and the TRP, at least one of the parameters of the specific OL-TPC and the state of the CL-TPC can also be maintained for each of multiple (all) antenna groups.

[0152] The value of the maximum transmission power (P CMAX , values such as MPR, etc.) can also be specified / set for each of multiple (all) antenna groups.

[0153] The UE can also apply corresponding power control parameters (e.g., at least one of the TPC parameter, the state, and the maintained value) for each of multiple (all) antenna groups of the transmission destination to determine the transmission power.

[0154] According to the above Operation 1-3, by determining the transmission power for each of multiple (all) antenna groups, communication can be appropriately performed.

[0155] In addition, whether the transmission power control is performed in accordance with any one of the above Operations 1-1 to 1-3 can also be notified by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling).

[0156] "Operation 1-4"

[0157] When orthogonalization is applied to the transmitted signal in a certain unit, the UE can also perform common transmission power control within the unit to which the orthogonalization is applied. The certain unit can be either multiple antenna points, multiple antenna ports, or one or more antenna groups. The certain unit can also be referred to as an orthogonalization unit, for example.

[0158] For example, it can also be envisioned that when orthogonalization using at least one of an orthogonal cover code (OCC), a cyclic shift (CS), and a code is applied between antenna points / ports / groups, common transmission power is applied within the antenna points / ports / groups to which the orthogonalization is applied. The length of the code used for orthogonalization can also be the number of antenna points / ports / groups to which the orthogonalization is applied.

[0159] In addition, performing common transmission power control can either mean performing transmission power control based on a common TPC command or mean using a common transmission power value.

[0160] Here, it can also be envisioned that when orthogonalization using at least one of OCC, CS, and a code is not applied between antenna points / ports / groups, transmission power is applied independently for each antenna point / port / group.

[0161] In addition, it can also be envisioned that when orthogonalization using at least one of OCC, CS, and a code is applied between antenna points / ports / groups, common transmission power is applied within the antenna points / ports / groups to which the orthogonalization is applied.

[0162] In addition, it can also be envisioned that when orthogonalization using at least one of OCC, CS, and a code is applied for each antenna group, common transmission power is applied within the antenna group to which the orthogonalization is applied.

[0163] According to the above Operation 1-4, when orthogonalization using at least one of OCC, CS, and a code is applied between antenna points / ports / groups and when it is not applied, transmission power control is performed commonly or independently for each antenna point / port / group, thereby enabling appropriate communication.

[0164] However, when orthogonalization of at least one of OCC, CS and codes is applied between antenna points / ports / groups, since common transmission power control is performed within antenna points / ports / groups at different setting distances, it is believed that there will be differences in the received power from different antenna points / ports / groups, which will cause a distance problem.

[0165] Therefore, when orthogonalization using at least one of OCC, CS, and code is applied between antenna points / ports / inside groups, the transmission power of each antenna point / port / group can also be set to path loss guaranteed type (P0 is notified). As a result, path loss guaranteed transmission power control can be performed independently, and the received power from the antenna point / port / group can be equal (constant), without causing the problem of distance.

[0166] In addition, the above operations 1-1 to 1-4 can also be replaced by performing transmit power control for each transmit antenna point / transmit antenna group / transmit antenna panel / transmit entity. In addition, the designation of the transmit antenna point / transmit antenna group / transmit antenna panel / transmit entity can also be set by the physical transmit antenna point / physical transmit antenna group / physical transmit antenna panel / physical transmit entity of the UE, or can also be set by the physical transmit antenna point / physical transmit antenna group / physical transmit antenna panel / physical transmit entity of the base station. Here, the so-called entity can also be a parameter related to the unit of transmitting and receiving antennas / signal processing.

[0167] In this case, about using Figures 10 to 12 In the third embodiment described above, the base station (receiving) side may be replaced by the UE (transmitting) side.

[0168] <Fourth Embodiment>

[0169] The following describes UL beam control based on transmit power control. The method of controlling the UL beam based on transmit power control shown in the following description is only an example and is not limited to this.

[0170] Figure 13 is a diagram showing an example of UL beam steering for UL signals / reference signals (e.g., UL data channel, UL control channel, DMRS, SRS, etc.). Figure 13 As shown, the UL signal / reference signal may also be subjected to UL beam control. In addition, the UL beam control may be performed in conjunction with the transmission power control or independently of the transmission power control.

[0171] In addition, in the present disclosure, "linked" and "corresponding" and "associated" and the like can be used interchangeably.

[0172] 《Operation 2-1: Linked with transmit power control》

[0173] In the case where UL beam control is performed in conjunction with transmit power control, power control parameters (e.g., at least one of the path loss reference RS, P0, α, and the accumulated value of CL-TPC) may also be controlled (or maintained) as UL beam specific / UL UE panel specific. In this case, the base station may also be UL beam controlled in conjunction with the UE by indicating (or selecting) the power control parameters to the UE.

[0174] In the present disclosure, “a power control parameter is indicated” and “a transmission power control using the power control parameter is indicated” may be used interchangeably.

[0175] In addition, the UE may also use high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), or a combination of these to set (or indicate, activate) the correspondence between the UL beam or panel and the power control parameters.

[0176] like Figure 13 As shown, for example, when a UE using UL beam #0 is instructed by a base station to use a power control parameter corresponding to UL beam #1, the UE can also be controlled to switch to UE beam #1.

[0177] In addition, for the antenna point / port / group / panel of the base station (TRP), the power control parameters (e.g., at least one of the path loss reference RS, P0, α, and the accumulated value of CL-TPC) can also be controlled (or maintained). In this case, the base station can also be linked with the UE to perform UL beam control by indicating (or selecting) the power control parameters to the UE.

[0178] In addition, the UE can also use high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI) or a combination of these to set (or indicate, activate) the correspondence between the base station's antenna points / ports / groups / panels and power control parameters.

[0179] According to the above-mentioned operation 2-1, since UL beam control and transmission power control are performed in conjunction with each other, there is no need for setting (notification or instruction) from the base station for UL beam control, and overhead can be reduced.

[0180] 《Operation 2-2: Independently from transmit power control》

[0181] When UL beam control and transmit power control are performed independently, the UL beam may be determined independently of the transmit power control.

[0182] For example, power control parameters (e.g., at least one of path loss reference RS, P0, α, and the cumulative value of CL-TPC) can also be controlled (or maintained) to be UL beam specific / UL UE panel specific / UE antenna port specific / antenna point specific / antenna group specific / multiple antenna group specific. In this case, the UE can also be configured (notified or indicated) with a UL beam for UL beam specific / UL UE panel specific / UE antenna port specific / antenna point specific / antenna group specific / multiple antenna group specific.

[0183] As Figure 13 shown, for example, even when a UE using UL beam #0 is instructed by a base station with a power control parameter different from the power control parameter used so far (e.g., a different value of P0), UL beam control can be performed independently of transmit power control (UL beam #0 can also be directly used for transmission based on this different power control parameter).

[0184] In addition, power control parameters (e.g., at least one of path loss reference RS, P0, α, and the cumulative value of CL-TPC) can also be controlled (or maintained) to be antenna point specific / antenna group specific / antenna panel specific / antenna port specific on the receiving side of a transmit-receive point (TRP). In this case, the UE can also be configured (notified or indicated) with a UL beam for UL beam specific / UL UE panel specific / UE antenna port specific / antenna point specific / antenna group specific / multiple antenna group specific.

[0185] According to the above operation 2-2, since UL beam control is performed independently of transmit power control, flexible scheduling for UL beam control can be performed.

[0186] In addition, in accordance with either of the above operations 2-1 and 2-2, whether to perform UL beam control (in other words, whether to determine UL beam control in association with transmit power control) can also be switched by a higher layer parameter.

[0187] (Wireless communication system)

[0188] Hereinafter, the structure of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0189] Figure 14It is a diagram showing an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system related to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 can also be a system that realizes communication by using Long Term Evolution (LTE), New Radio (5G NR) of the 5th generation mobile communication system, etc., which are standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0190] In addition, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)) between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0191] In EN-DC, the base station (eNB) of LTE (E-UTRA) is the Master Node (MN), and the base station (gNB) of NR is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the base station (gNB) of NR is the MN, and the base station (eNB) of LTE (E-UTRA) is the SN.

[0192] The wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity where both the MN and the SN are base stations (gNBs) of NR (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0193] The wireless communication system 1 may also include: a base station 11 that forms a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage area, and a base station 12 (12a - 12c) that is disposed within the macro cell C1 and forms a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 may also be located within at least one cell. The configuration, number, etc. of each cell and the user terminal 20 are not limited to the manner shown in the figure. Hereinafter, without distinguishing between the base stations 11 and 12, they are collectively referred to as the base station 10.

[0194] The user terminal 20 may also be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) and dual connectivity (DC) that uses multiple component carriers (CCs).

[0195] Each CC may also be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may also be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub - 6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above - 24 GHz). Additionally, the frequency bands, definitions, etc. of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to this. For example, FR1 may correspond to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0196] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may also communicate in each CC by using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD).

[0197] The multiple base stations 10 may also be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber based on the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11, which is equivalent to the upper - level station, may also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12, which is equivalent to a relay station, may also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0198] The base station 10 can also be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. For example, the core network 30 can also include at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0199] The user terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0200] In the wireless communication system 1, a wireless access method based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of the Downlink (DL) and the Uplink (UL), Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc. can also be used.

[0201] The wireless access method can also be referred to as a waveform. Additionally, in the wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) can also be applied in the wireless access methods of the UL and the DL.

[0202] As a downlink channel, in the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. can also be used.

[0203] In addition, as an uplink channel, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc., which are shared among the respective user terminals 20, can also be used.

[0204] User data, high-layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc. are transmitted through the PDSCH. User data, high-layer control information, etc. can also be transmitted through the PUSCH. In addition, the Master Information Block (MIB) can be transmitted through the PBCH.

[0205] Low-layer control information can also be transmitted through the PDCCH. The low-layer control information can also include, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)), and this downlink control information includes scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0206] In addition, the DCI that schedules the PDSCH can also be referred to as DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules the PUSCH can also be referred to as UL grant, UL DCI, etc. In addition, the PDSCH can also be replaced by DL data, and the PUSCH can also be replaced by UL data.

[0207] In the detection of the PDCCH, a control resource set (COntrol REsource SET (CORESET)) and a search space can also be utilized. The CORESET corresponds to the resource for searching for the DCI. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates (PDCCH candidates). One CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space setting.

[0208] A search space may also correspond to PDCCH candidates that match one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may also be referred to as a set of search spaces. Additionally, in the present disclosure, terms such as "search space", "set of search spaces", "search space configuration", "set of search space configurations", "CORESET", "CORESET configuration", etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0209] Uplink control information (Uplink Control Information (UCI)) including at least one of channel state information (Channel State Information (CSI)), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also referred to as Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (Scheduling Request (SR)) may also be transmitted via PUCCH. A random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell may be transmitted via PRACH.

[0210] In addition, in the present disclosure, the downlink, uplink, etc. may also be expressed without "link". Furthermore, various channels may also be expressed without "Physical" at the beginning.

[0211] In the wireless communication system 1, synchronization signals (Synchronization Signal (SS)), downlink reference signals (Downlink Reference Signal (DL-RS)), etc. may also be transmitted. As DL-RS, in the wireless communication system 1, cell-specific reference signals (Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS)), channel state information reference signals (Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)), demodulation reference signals (DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS)), positioning reference signals (Positioning Reference Signal (PRS)), phase tracking reference signals (Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS)), etc. may also be transmitted.

[0212] The synchronization signal may also be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS block (SS Block (SSB)), etc. In addition, SS, SSB, etc. may also be referred to as reference signals.

[0213] In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, as an Uplink Reference Signal (UL-RS), a reference signal for measurement (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. may also be transmitted. In addition, DMRS may also be referred to as a UE-specific Reference Signal.

[0214] (Base station)

[0215] Figure 15 FIG. is an example showing the structure of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmission / reception unit 120, a transmission / reception antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. In addition, one or more of the control unit 110, the transmission / reception unit 120, the transmission / reception antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may be provided respectively.

[0216] In addition, in this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts in the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it can be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks required for wireless communication. A part of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0217] The control unit 110 implements overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be constituted by a controller, a control circuit, etc. described based on the common knowledge in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0218] The control unit 110 can also control the generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. of signals. The control unit 110 can also control the transmission / reception, measurement, etc. using the transmission / reception unit 120, the transmission / reception antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, state management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0219] The transmission / reception unit 120 can also include a baseband unit 121, a Radio Frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 can also include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmission / reception unit 120 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transmission / reception circuit, etc. that can be described based on common knowledge in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0220] The transmission / reception unit 120 can be configured as an integrated transmission / reception unit, or can be composed of a transmission unit and a reception unit. The transmission unit can also be composed of the transmission processing unit 1211 and the RF unit 122. The reception unit can also be composed of the reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and the measurement unit 123.

[0221] The transmission / reception antenna 130 can be composed of an antenna that can be described based on common knowledge in the technical field related to the present disclosure, such as an array antenna, etc.

[0222] The transmission / reception unit 120 can also transmit the above-mentioned downlink channels, synchronization signals, downlink reference signals, etc. The transmission / reception unit 120 can also receive the above-mentioned uplink channels, uplink reference signals, etc.

[0223] The transmission / reception unit 120 can also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam.

[0224] The transmission / reception unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) can also perform processing of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on the data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0225] The transmission / reception unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) can also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion, etc. on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0226] For the baseband signal, the transmission / reception unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation to the radio frequency band, filter processing, amplification, etc., and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmission / reception antenna 130.

[0227] On the other hand, for the radio frequency band signal received through the transmission / reception antenna 130, the transmission / reception unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform amplification, filter processing, demodulation to the baseband signal, etc.

[0228] For the obtained baseband signal, the transmission / reception unit 120 (reception processing unit 1212) can also perform reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, etc., and obtain user data, etc.

[0229] The transmission / reception unit 120 (measurement unit 123) may also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may also perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may also perform measurements on received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may also be output to the control unit 110.

[0230] The transmission path interface 140 may also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between the device included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and may also obtain and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0231] In addition, the transmission unit and the reception unit of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may also be constituted by at least one of the transmission / reception unit 120, the transmission / reception antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0232] (User Terminal)

[0233] Figure 16 FIG. is an example showing the structure of a user terminal according to an embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmission / reception unit 220, and a transmission / reception antenna 230. In addition, one or more of the control unit 210, the transmission / reception unit 220, and the transmission / reception antenna 230 may be provided respectively.

[0234] In addition, in this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts in the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks required for wireless communication. A part of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0235] The control unit 210 implements the overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, a control circuit, etc. described based on the common knowledge in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0236] The control unit 210 can also control the generation, mapping, etc. of signals. The control unit 210 can also control the transmission / reception, measurement, etc. using the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 220.

[0237] The transmission / reception unit 220 can also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 can also include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transmission / reception unit 220 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transmission / reception circuit, etc. described based on the common knowledge in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0238] The transmission / reception unit 220 can be configured as an integrated transmission / reception unit, or can be composed of a transmission unit and a reception unit. The transmission unit can also be composed of the transmission processing unit 2211 and the RF unit 222. The reception unit can also be composed of the reception processing unit 2212, the RF unit 222, and the measurement unit 223.

[0239] The transmission / reception antenna 230 can be composed of an antenna described based on the common knowledge in the technical field related to the present disclosure, such as an array antenna, etc.

[0240] The transmission / reception unit 220 can also receive the above-mentioned downlink channels, synchronization signals, downlink reference signals, etc. The transmission / reception unit 220 can also transmit the above-mentioned uplink channels, uplink reference signals, etc.

[0241] The transmission / reception unit 220 can also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam.

[0242] The transmission / reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) can also perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on the data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0243] The transmission / reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) can also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion, etc. on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0244] In addition, regarding whether to apply DFT processing, it can also be based on the setting of transform precoding. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), when the transform precoding is active (enabled), the transmission / reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) can also perform DFT processing as the above-mentioned transmission processing in order to transmit the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform. In cases where this is not the case, the transmission / reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) can also not perform DFT processing as the above-mentioned transmission processing.

[0245] The transmission / reception unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform modulation to the radio frequency band, filter processing, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmission / reception antenna 230.

[0246] On the other hand, the transmission / reception unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform amplification, filter processing, demodulation to the baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received through the transmission / reception antenna 230.

[0247] The transmission / reception unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) can also perform reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, etc. on the obtained baseband signal, and obtain user data, etc.

[0248] The transmission / reception unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also measure the received power (e.g., RSRP), reception quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 210.

[0249] In addition, the transmission unit and reception unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure can also be constituted by at least one of the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230.

[0250] The transmission / reception unit 220 may also receive information related to transmission configuration indication (TCI) states that is separately configured for each antenna group or each antenna point. The control unit 210 may also control the transmission and reception of signals for one or more of the antenna points constituting the antenna group based on the information (first embodiment).

[0251] The transmission / reception unit 220 may also receive information related to the association of the one or more antenna points with one or more antenna groups constituted by the one or more antenna points (second embodiment).

[0252] The control unit 210 may also determine the association of the one or more antenna points with one or more antenna groups constituted by the one or more antenna points based on information included in the downlink control information (second embodiment).

[0253] The control unit 210 may also determine the transmission power of signals for the antenna points included in the antenna group based on power control parameters related to the antenna group (third embodiment).

[0254] When orthogonalization is applied to signals for the antenna points included in the antenna group, the control unit 210 may also use common transmission power control for the signals for the multiple antenna points to which the orthogonalization is applied. In addition, when orthogonalization is not applied to signals for the antenna points included in the antenna group, the control unit 210 may also use independent transmission power control for each of the signals for the multiple antenna points to which the orthogonalization is applied (fourth embodiment).

[0255] Here, the "power control parameters related to the antenna group" may also be the parameters described in the above operations 1-1 to 2-2.

[0256] (Hardware Structure)

[0257] In addition, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments show blocks of functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. In addition, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be implemented by a single device physically or logically combined, or may be implemented by two or more physically or logically separated devices directly or indirectly (e.g., by wire, wireless, etc.) connected. The functional block may also be implemented by combining the above single device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0258] Here, in the functions, there are judgment, decision-making, determination, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, solution, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regarded as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuration (setting), reconfiguration (re - setting), allocation (allocating, mapping), assignment, etc., but not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements the transmission function may also be referred to as a transmitting unit, a transmitter, etc. Any one of them is as described above, and the implementation method is not particularly limited.

[0259] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. in an embodiment of the present disclosure can also function as a computer that performs the processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 17 FIG. is an example showing the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above - mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0260] In addition, in the present disclosure, terms such as device, circuit, equipment, section, unit, etc. can be replaced with each other. The hardware structure of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of each device shown in the figure, or can be configured not to include some devices.

[0261] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown in the figure, but there can be multiple processors. In addition, the processing can be executed by one processor, or can be executed simultaneously, sequentially, or by other means by two or more processors. In addition, the processor 1001 can also be implemented by one or more chips.

[0262] Regarding each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20, for example, by reading a specific software (program) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, the processor 1001 performs operations and controls the communication via the communication device 1004, or controls at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003, thereby realizing the function.

[0263] The processor 1001, for example, operates the operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may also be constituted by a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit (CPU)) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic device, registers, and the like. For example, at least a part of the above control unit 110 (210), transmission / reception unit 120 (220), etc. may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0264] In addition, the processor 1001 reads a program (program code), software module, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and performs various processes based on them. As the program, a program that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiments may be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operating in the processor 1001, and the same applies to other functional blocks.

[0265] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, and may be constituted by, for example, at least one of a read-only memory (Read Only Memory (ROM)), an erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM)), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM (EEPROM)), a random access memory (Random Access Memory (RAM)), and other appropriate storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store a program (program code), software module, etc. executable for implementing the wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0266] The storage 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, and may be constituted by, for example, at least one of a flexible disc, a floppy (registered trademark) disc, an optical disc (such as a compact disc (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)) etc.), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disc, a removable disc, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash device (such as a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, and other appropriate storage media. The storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0267] The communication device 1004 is hardware (a transmitting and receiving device) for performing communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. In order to implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may also be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the above-mentioned transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting and receiving antenna 130 (230), etc. may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) may also be physically or logically separated and implemented by a transmitting unit 120a (220a) and a receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0268] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts an input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that performs an output to the outside. In addition, the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may also have an integrated structure (e.g., a touch panel).

[0269] In addition, each device such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be constituted by a single bus or may be constituted by different buses between the respective devices.

[0270] In addition, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), etc., and a part or all of each functional block may also be implemented by this hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may also be implemented using at least one of these hardwares.

[0271] (Variant example)

[0272] In addition, the terms described in this disclosure and the terms required for understanding this disclosure may also be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may also be replaced with each other. In addition, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS, and may also be referred to as a pilot, a pilot signal, etc. according to the applied standard. In addition, a component carrier (Component Carrier (CC)) may also be referred to as a cell, a frequency carrier, a carrier frequency, etc.

[0273] A radio frame may also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting the radio frame may also be referred to as a subframe. Further, a subframe may also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe may also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the numerology.

[0274] Here, the numerology may also refer to communication parameters applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a certain signal or channel. For example, the numerology may also represent at least one of a subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), a bandwidth, a symbol length, a cyclic prefix length, a transmission time interval (Transmission Time Interval (TTI)), the number of symbols per TTI, a radio frame structure, a specific filtering process performed by a transmitter-receiver in the frequency domain, a specific windowing process performed by a transmitter-receiver in the time domain, etc.

[0275] A time slot may also be composed of one or more symbols (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)) symbols, single carrier frequency division multiple access (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA)) symbols, etc.) in the time domain. In addition, a time slot may also be a time unit based on the numerology.

[0276] A time slot may also include a plurality of mini-slots. Each mini-slot may also be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain. In addition, a mini-slot may also be referred to as a sub-slot. A mini-slot may also be composed of a smaller number of symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may also be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may also be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0277] A radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a mini-slot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. A radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a mini-slot, and a symbol may also use other corresponding names. In addition, time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, and symbols in the present disclosure may also be replaced with each other.

[0278] For example, a subframe may also be referred to as a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may also be referred to as a TTI, a time slot or a mini-slot may also be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, may also be a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1 - 13 symbols), or may also be a period longer than 1 ms. In addition, the unit representing a TTI may not be referred to as a subframe, but may be referred to as a time slot, a mini-slot, etc.

[0279] Here, a TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmission power, etc. that can be used in each user terminal) to each user terminal in units of TTI. In addition, the definition of a TTI is not limited to this.

[0280] A TTI may also be a transmission time unit for data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc. that have undergone channel coding, and may also become a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. In addition, when a TTI is given, the time interval (for example, the number of symbols) in which a transport block, a code block, a codeword, etc. are actually mapped may also be shorter than the TTI.

[0281] In addition, when a time slot or a mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, one or more TTIs (that is, one or more time slots or one or more mini-slots) may also become the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of time slots (number of mini-slots) constituting the minimum time unit of this scheduling may also be controlled.

[0282] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8 - 12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini-slot, a sub-time slot, a time slot, etc.

[0283] In addition, a long TTI (for example, a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may also be replaced with a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms, and a short TTI (for example, a shortened TTI, etc.) may also be replaced with a TTI having a TTI length less than that of the long TTI and a TTI length of 1 ms or more.

[0284] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may also include one or more consecutive subcarriers (subcarriers) in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it may also be 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0285] In addition, an RB may also include one or more symbols in the time domain, and may also be the length of a time slot, a mini-slot, a subframe, or a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc. may also be composed of one or more resource blocks respectively.

[0286] In addition, one or more RBs may also be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0287] In addition, a resource block may also be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may also be a radio resource region of a subcarrier and a symbol.

[0288] A bandwidth part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, etc.) may also represent a subset of consecutive common RBs (common resource blocks) used for a certain parameter set in a certain carrier. Here, the common RBs may also be determined by the index of the RBs based on the common reference point of the carrier. A PRB may also be defined in a certain BWP and be additionally numbered within that BWP.

[0289] A UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL) may also be included in a BWP. For a UE, one or more BWPs may also be set within one carrier.

[0290] At least one of the set BWPs may also be active, and the UE may not assume to transmit and receive specific signals / channels outside the active BWP. In addition, "cell", "carrier", etc. in the present disclosure may also be replaced with "BWP".

[0291] In addition, the structures such as the above-mentioned radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini time slots, and symbols are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini time slots included in a time slot, the symbols included in a time slot or mini time slot, the number of RBs, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, Cyclic Prefix (CP) length, etc. within a TTI can be changed in various ways.

[0292] In addition, the information, parameters, etc. described in this disclosure can be represented by absolute values, relative values with respect to a specific value, or can also be represented by corresponding other information. For example, radio resources can also be indicated by a specific index.

[0293] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc. are not restrictive names in all aspects. In addition, mathematical expressions using these parameters, etc. can also be different from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name. Therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive names in all aspects.

[0294] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure can also be represented using any one of various different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be mentioned throughout the above description can also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0295] In addition, information, signals, etc. can be output in at least one of the following directions: from a higher layer to a lower layer, and from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0296] The input and output information, signals, etc. can be stored in a specific location (e.g., a memory), or can be managed using a management table. The input and output information, signals, etc. can be overwritten, updated, or appended. The output information, signals, etc. can also be deleted. The input information, signals, etc. can also be sent to other devices.

[0297] Notification of information is not limited to the manners / embodiments described in this disclosure, and other methods may also be used. For example, notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented through physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)), uplink control information (Uplink Control Information (UCI))), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB), etc.), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0298] In addition, physical layer signaling may also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, and may also be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration (RRC Connection Re - setting) message, etc. In addition, MAC signaling may also be notified, for example, using a MAC Control Element (MAC CE).

[0299] In addition, notification of specific information (e.g., notification of "is X") is not limited to explicit notification, and may also be performed implicitly (e.g., by not performing notification of the specific information, or by notification of other information).

[0300] Determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), may also be made by a true / false value (Boolean value) represented by true or false, and may also be made by numerical comparison (e.g., comparison with a specific value).

[0301] Software, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, micro-code, hardware description language, or by any other name, shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, sub-programs, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, sub-routines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc.

[0302] In addition, software, instructions, information, etc. can also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (such as coaxial cables, fiber optic cables, twisted pairs, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of the transmission medium.

[0303] Terms such as "system" and "network" used in the present disclosure can be used interchangeably. "Network" can also mean a device (such as a base station) included in the network.

[0304] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding", "precoder", "weights (precoding weights)", "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)", "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmission power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "antenna port group", "layer", "number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "resource group", "beam", "beam width", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", "panel", etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0305] In the present disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "radio base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "access point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "panel", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", "component carrier" can be used interchangeably. There are also cases where base stations are referred to by terms such as macro cell, small cell, femto cell, pico cell, etc.

[0306] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. In the case where a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each of the smaller areas can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a part or the whole of the coverage area of at least one of the base station and the base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage range.

[0307] In the present disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)", "user terminal", "user device (User Equipment (UE))", "terminal" can be used interchangeably.

[0308] There are also cases where mobile stations are referred to by terms such as subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, radio unit, remote unit, mobile device, radio device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, hand set, user agent, mobile client, client, or several other appropriate terms.

[0309] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. In addition, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a moving body, the moving body itself, etc. The moving body may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), a moving body that moves in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, a self-driving vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanoid or non-humanoid). In addition, at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0310] In addition, the base station in the present disclosure may also be replaced by a user terminal. For example, for a structure in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced by communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., it may also be referred to as Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.), the various methods / embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied. In this case, it may also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the above-described base station 10. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may also be replaced by terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "side"). For example, an uplink channel, a downlink channel, etc. may also be replaced by a side channel.

[0311] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may also be replaced by a base station. In this case, it may also be configured such that the base station 10 has the functions of the above-described user terminal 20.

[0312] In the present disclosure, the actions performed by the base station may sometimes be performed by its upper node according to the situation. Apparently, in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations for communicating with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., considering a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0313] Each mode / embodiment described in the present disclosure can be used alone, in combination, or can be switched as the execution progresses. In addition, for the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each mode / embodiment described in the present disclosure, the order can also be changed as long as there is no contradiction. For example, for the methods described in the present disclosure, the elements of various steps are presented in the illustrated order, but are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0314] Each mode / embodiment described in the present disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, the fourth-generation mobile communication system (4G), the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G), the sixth-generation mobile communication system (6G), the xth-generation mobile communication system (xG) (x is an integer or a decimal), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems using other appropriate wireless communication methods, next-generation systems extended based on them, etc. In addition, multiple systems can also be combined (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G) and applied.

[0315] As used in this disclosure, the recitation "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless specifically stated otherwise. In other words, the recitation "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on".

[0316] Any reference to an element using designations such as "first", "second", etc. used in this disclosure does not comprehensively limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations can be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Therefore, a reference to a first and a second element does not mean that only two elements can be employed, or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[0317] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure encompasses diverse actions in some cases. For example, "determining" can also be a case where judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (searching, inquiring) (such as searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, etc. are regarded as performing "determining".

[0318] In addition, "determining" can also be a case where receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., transmitting information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), etc. are regarded as performing "determining".

[0319] In addition, "determining" can also be a case where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. are regarded as performing "determining". That is to say, "determining" can also be a case where some actions are regarded as performing "determining".

[0320] In addition, "determining" can also be replaced by "assuming", "expecting", "considering", etc.

[0321] The "maximum transmit power" described in this disclosure may refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the rated UE maximum transmit power).

[0322] As used in this disclosure, terms such as "connected" and "coupled", or all of their variations, represent all direct or indirect connections or couplings between two or more elements, and can include the situation where there is one or more intermediate elements between the two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination of them. For example, "connected" can also be replaced by "access".

[0323] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to consider using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region, etc., as several non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, and being "connected" or "coupled" to each other.

[0324] In this disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can also mean "A and B are different from each other". In addition, this term can also mean "A and B are each different from C". Terms such as "separated" and "combined" can be interpreted in the same way as "different".

[0325] When using "include", "including", and their variations in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising", are meant to be inclusive. Furthermore, the term "or" used in this disclosure does not mean exclusive or.

[0326] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure can also include cases where the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0327] As described above, the invention related to the present disclosure has been described in detail. However, for those skilled in the art, the invention related to the present disclosure is obviously not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The invention related to the present disclosure can be implemented in the form of amendments and changes without departing from the gist and scope of the invention determined based on the description in the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes and does not carry any restrictive meaning for the invention related to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: a control unit configured to determine the transmission power of the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) for each of a plurality of Transmission and Reception Points (TRPs) based on higher layer signaling related to transmission power control of the PUSCH scheduled by Downlink Control Information (DCI), using power control parameters set for each of the plurality of TRPs, and for the plurality of TRPs, a plurality of Transmit Configuration Indicator (TCI) states are set, and the transmission power of the PUSCH for each of the TCI states is set; and a transmission unit configured to transmit the PUSCH, wherein the TCI state corresponds to the PUSCH transmitted for each of the TRPs.

2. A wireless communication method, which is a wireless communication method of a terminal, comprising: a step of determining the transmission power of the PUSCH for each of the plurality of TRPs based on higher layer signaling related to transmission power control of the PUSCH scheduled by DCI, using power control parameters set for each of the plurality of TRPs, and for the plurality of TRPs, a plurality of TCI states are set, and the transmission power of the PUSCH for each of the TCI states is set; and a step of transmitting the PUSCH, wherein the TCI state corresponds to the PUSCH transmitted for each of the TRPs.

3. A base station, comprising: a transmission unit configured to transmit higher layer signaling related to transmission power control of the PUSCH scheduled by DCI; and a reception unit configured to receive the PUSCH, where the transmission power of the PUSCH for each of the plurality of TRPs is determined using power control parameters set for each of the plurality of TRPs, and for the plurality of TRPs, a plurality of TCI states are set.

4. A system comprising a terminal and a base station, wherein the terminal comprises: a control unit configured to determine the transmission power of the PUSCH for each of the plurality of TRPs based on higher layer signaling related to transmission power control of the PUSCH scheduled by DCI, using power control parameters set for each of the plurality of TRPs, and for the plurality of TRPs, a plurality of TCI states are set, and the transmission power of the PUSCH for each of the TCI states is set; and a transmission unit configured to transmit the PUSCH, wherein the base station comprises: a transmission unit configured to transmit the higher layer signaling related to transmission power control of the PUSCH; and a reception unit configured to receive the PUSCH.

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