A single-cone shark fin antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single-cone shark antenna, which includes a single-cone structure, a top loading plate, a connecting plate, a reflector and a ground plane. The traditional shark antenna uses a double-cone structure as the radiator, while the inventive point of the present invention is: for the first time, a single-cone structure is used as the antenna radiator, and the solid cone is improved into a metal wire structure to simplify the antenna structure and reduce the weight, and the top loading and ground plane methods reduce the size of the antenna. Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing ultra-short wave broadband antenna with large size, narrow bandwidth and low radiation efficiency of portable antennas, the present invention designs an ultra-short wave antenna that can simultaneously achieve portability and broadband characteristics, making the antenna light in weight and convenient to erect while meeting the performance indicators. The present invention uses the omnidirectional radiation single-cone structure to be improved into a directional radiation shark antenna, and the solid conical structure is changed into a metal guy wire structure by linearization. The structure is simple and retains the broadband characteristics of the conical antenna, and can cover the required frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mobile communication directional antenna devices, and particularly relates to a single-cone shark antenna. Background Art

[0002] Modern communication systems have developed rapidly. As an energy conversion device among them, an antenna can mutually convert high-frequency oscillating current and space electromagnetic waves, and is a key component in communication devices. To adapt to the development of modern communication devices, people's requirements for antennas have become increasingly stringent. Spectrum resources are continuously divided and utilized. Narrowband antennas can no longer meet communication requirements, and mutual coupling interference will also occur between multiple antennas, affecting the antenna performance. While a broadband antenna can cover a relatively wide frequency band range, which not only saves the antenna cost but also ensures the antenna communication quality. Therefore, communication systems are all developing towards broadband. In emergency communications such as severe natural disasters, portable communication devices can be flexibly applied, quickly reach the application site, and complete the transmission of information, providing assistance for the handling of emergency events. For this aspect of engineering applications, the design of a portable broadband ultra-short wave antenna has been carried out.

[0003] The wavelength of ultra-short waves is 1m - 10m. According to the half-wavelength resonance theory of antennas, the size of ultra-short wave antennas is relatively large, making it impossible to achieve portability. Antenna miniaturization is the key to achieving portability, but miniaturization and broadband are a pair of contradictory antenna performance indicators. Miniaturization design usually results in a narrow antenna bandwidth. Widely used broadband antennas include forms such as biconical antennas, TEM horn antennas, and log-periodic antennas, with relatively large electrical sizes, which limit the practical application of broadband antennas.

[0004] The types of portable antennas are relatively single. The most representative ones are forms such as whip antennas and helical antennas, which can be designed as foldable or telescopic types, with small sizes and simple structures, suitable for portable occasions. However, most of these antennas are linear structures, having problems of narrow bandwidth and low radiation efficiency. The method of using loaded lumped element resistors, inductors, and capacitors to design a matching network can reduce the antenna size while maintaining the broadband performance of the antenna, but this will reduce the antenna radiation efficiency and increase the complexity of the antenna, which is not suitable for many engineering applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above deficiencies in the prior art, the single-cone shark antenna provided by the present invention solves the problems of large size of existing ultra-short wave broadband antennas and narrow bandwidth and low radiation efficiency of portable antennas.

[0006] To achieve the above invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a single-cone shark antenna, including a single-cone structure, a top loading plate, a connecting plate, a reflector plate, and a ground plate; wherein, the connecting plate includes an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate;

[0007] The bottom end of the top loading plate is connected to the top end of the single-cone structure and is also connected to one end of the upper connecting plate. The top loading plate and the upper connecting plate are on the same horizontal plane;

[0008] The top end of the ground plate is connected to the bottom end of the single-cone structure and is also connected to one end of the lower connecting plate. The ground plate and the lower connecting plate are on the same horizontal plane;

[0009] The top end of the reflector is connected to the other end of the upper connecting plate, and the bottom end of the reflector is connected to the other end of the lower connecting plate.

[0010] Furthermore: The single-cone structure includes a metal wire structure, a top trapezoidal plate, and a conical feed transition structure;

[0011] Wherein, the top end of the conical feed transition structure is connected to the metal wire structure, and the bottom end of the top trapezoidal plate is connected to the conical feed transition structure through the metal wire structure.

[0012] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the metal wire structure fixedly connects the top trapezoidal plate and the conical feed transition structure to form a single-cone structure that is symmetric along the center. Using metal wires to replace the complete cone simplifies the antenna structure and reduces the overall weight.

[0013] Furthermore: A feed coaxial cable is provided at the opening, and the feed coaxial cable is connected to the conical feed transition structure.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that by using the mirror principle of an infinite ground plane and replacing the lower half-plane cone structure with a ground plate, the antenna height is reduced.

[0015] Furthermore: The metal wire structure includes 16 metal wires. The 16 metal wires fixedly connect the top trapezoidal plate and the conical feed transition structure to form a single-cone structure that is axisymmetric about the center.

[0016] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that by using metal wires to replace the complete solid cone, the antenna structure is simplified and the overall weight is reduced.

[0017] Furthermore: The top trapezoidal plate, the top loading plate, the connecting plate, the reflector, and the ground plate are all made of metal mesh.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that the overall system of the present invention uses metal mesh settings, which can reduce the weight and achieve portability.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the present invention is:

[0020] (1) The present invention improves the omnidirectional radiation single-cone structure into a directional radiation shark antenna. By linearizing, the solid cone structure is changed into a metal wire structure. The structure is simple and retains the broadband characteristics of the conical antenna, and can cover the required frequency band.

[0021] (2) The present invention reduces the size of the antenna by means of top loading and a ground plane. By replacing the existing metal plate with a metal mesh surface, the weight of the antenna is reduced, making the antenna easy to move.

[0022] (3) The antenna of the present invention has a small electrical size and a simple structure, but has good performance and can achieve broadband characteristics. The antenna of the present invention can be disassembled and folded, is light in weight, is easy to carry after being stored, can be quickly assembled, and has stable performance after assembly. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a side view of the system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a simulation experiment result diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0026] Wherein: 1. Single-cone structure; 2. Top loading plate; 3. Reflector; 4. Ground plane; 5. Upper connecting plate; 6. Lower connecting plate; 7. Top trapezoidal plate; 8. Conical feed transition structure; 9. Feed coaxial cable; 10. Metal wire. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The following describes the detailed embodiments of the present invention to facilitate those skilled in the art of the present technology to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the detailed embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art of the present technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a single-cone shark antenna includes a single-cone structure 1, a top loading plate 2, a connecting plate, a reflector 3 and a ground plane 4; wherein, the connecting plate includes an upper connecting plate 5 and a lower connecting plate 6;

[0030] The bottom end of the top loading plate 2 is connected to the top end of the single-cone structure 1 and is connected to one end of the upper connecting plate 5. The top loading plate 2 and the upper connecting plate 5 are in the same horizontal plane;

[0031] The top end of the ground plate 4 is connected to the bottom end of the single cone structure 1 and is also connected to one end of the lower connecting plate 6. The ground plate 4 and the lower connecting plate 6 are in the same horizontal plane;

[0032] The top end of the reflector 3 is connected to the other end of the upper connecting plate 5, and the bottom end of the reflector 3 is connected to the other end of the lower connecting plate 6.

[0033] In this embodiment, the connecting plates are used to improve the antenna structure, connecting the single cone structure 1 respectively from the top end and the bottom end of the reflector 3, which extends the current flow path.

[0034] The traditional shark fin antenna uses a double - cone structure as the radiator. The inventive point of the present invention is: for the first time, the single cone structure 1 is used as the antenna radiator, and the solid cone is improved to a metal wire structure to simplify the antenna structure and reduce the weight. The top loading and the ground plate 4 reduce the size of the antenna. The traditional shark fin antenna uses a double - cone structure with ultra - wideband and omnidirectional radiation characteristics as the radiator. By adding connecting plates and the reflector 3, ultra - wideband directional radiation is achieved.

[0035] The reflector 3 is arranged behind the single cone structure 1 and is connected to the single cone structure 1 through the connecting plate, and is used to reflect the radiation energy behind the antenna to make the antenna radiate directionally.

[0036] The top loading plate 2 is arranged above the single cone structure 1 and is in the same horizontal plane as the upper connecting plate 5. The bottom end of the top loading plate 2 is respectively connected to the top trapezoidal plate 7 and part of the metal wires 10, which can reduce the volume of the antenna.

[0037] An opening is provided at the bottom of the ground plate 4, and a feeding coaxial cable 9 is arranged in the opening. The feeding coaxial cable 9 is connected to the conical feeding transition structure 8.

[0038] In this embodiment, the ground plate 4 is arranged below the single cone structure 1 and is in the same horizontal plane as the lower connecting plate 6. A notch is provided at the bottom end of the ground plate 4, which is connected to the 50 - ohm feeding coaxial cable 9. The mirror principle of an infinite ground is used to reduce the antenna height.

[0039] The single cone structure 1 includes a metal wire structure, a top trapezoidal plate 7, and a conical feeding transition structure 8;

[0040] Among them, the top end of the conical feeding transition structure 8 is connected to the metal wire structure, and the bottom end of the top trapezoidal plate 7 is connected to the conical feeding transition structure 8 through the metal wire structure.

[0041] The metal wire structure includes 16 metal wires 10. The 16 metal wires 10 are fixedly connected between the top trapezoidal plate 7 and the conical feeding transition structure 8, forming a single cone structure 1 with central axis symmetry.

[0042] In this embodiment, by using the metal guy wire 10 to replace the complete solid cone, the antenna structure is simplified and the overall weight is reduced.

[0043] The conical feed transition structure 8 is arranged below the metal guy wire 10 and above the ground plane 4 and is connected to the feed coaxial cable 9, enabling feeding.

[0044] The present invention is designed based on the shark antenna. By using the method of top loading, a square plate is introduced into the cone part, achieving miniaturization and making the directional radiation of the antenna more stable. Then, by utilizing the mirror effect of the infinite ground plane, a ground plane 4 is used to replace the lower half-plane cone, further reducing the height to achieve the overall miniaturization of the antenna. The miniaturization is mainly reflected in the width and height, with a reduction of 14% and 23% respectively.

[0045] The top trapezoidal plate 7, the top loading plate 2, the connecting plate, the reflector 3, and the ground plane 4 are all made of metal mesh surfaces.

[0046] The size of the antenna of the present invention is 1.71m × 1.55m × 1.15m. To achieve portability, the overall structure is simple. During actual production, a reasonable structural design is also carried out. The antenna can be disassembled into a foldable metal mesh surface and a metal guy wire 10. The metal plane structure in the existing antenna is replaced with a metal mesh, reducing the weight and enabling folding for placement. The maximum size of the folded part is only 1.55m × 0.59m × 0.26m. After being stored, the antenna has a small size and an overall weight of 30 kg, making it easy to carry. The simple structure enables a small number of people to quickly install it within a short time using screws. After installation, the electrical size of the antenna is small. As Figure 3 shown, the test bandwidth under the condition of voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 2 is 34 MHz to 59 MHz, still achieving good broadband characteristics. The assembled structure has stable performance and excellent electrical performance.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention improves the omnidirectional radiation single-cone structure 1 into a directional radiation shark antenna. By using a linearized method, the solid cone structure is changed into a metal guy wire structure. The structure is simple and retains the broadband characteristics of the conical antenna, covering the required frequency band.

[0048] The present invention reduces the size of the antenna by using the method of top loading and the ground plane 4, replaces the existing metal plate with a metal mesh surface, reduces the weight of the antenna, and makes the antenna easy to move.

[0049] The antenna of the present invention has a small electrical size and a simple structure, but has good performance, can achieve broadband characteristics. The antenna of the present invention can be disassembled and folded, is light in weight, is easy to carry after being stored, can be quickly assembled, and has stable performance after assembly.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "radial", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of technical features. Therefore, the features defined by "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

Claims

1. A single-cone shark fin antenna, characterized in that, It includes a single-cone structure (1), a top loading plate (2), a connecting plate, a reflector (3) and a ground plate (4); wherein, the connecting plate includes an upper connecting plate (5) and a lower connecting plate (6); The bottom end of the top loading plate (2) is connected to the top end of the single-cone structure (1) and is connected to one end of the upper connecting plate (5), and the top loading plate (2) and the upper connecting plate (5) are in the same horizontal plane; The top end of the ground plate (4) is connected to the bottom end of the single-cone structure (1) and is connected to one end of the lower connecting plate (6), and the ground plate (4) and the lower connecting plate (6) are in the same horizontal plane; the top end of the reflector (3) is connected to the other end of the upper connecting plate (5), and the bottom end of the reflector (3) is connected to the other end of the lower connecting plate (6); The single-cone structure (1) includes a metal wire structure, a top trapezoidal plate (7) and a conical feed transition structure (8); wherein, the top end of the conical feed transition structure (8) is connected to the metal wire structure, and the bottom end of the top trapezoidal plate (7) is connected to the conical feed transition structure (8) through the metal wire structure; The metal wire structure includes 16 metal wires (10), and the 16 metal wires (10) fixedly connect the top trapezoidal plate (7) and the conical feed transition structure (8) to form a single-cone structure (1) with central axis symmetry.

2. The single-cone shark antenna according to claim 1, wherein An opening is provided at the bottom of the ground plate (4), and a feed coaxial cable (9) is provided in the opening, and the feed coaxial cable (9) is connected to the conical feed transition structure (8).

3. The single cone shark antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top trapezoidal plate (7), the top loading plate (2), the connecting plate, the reflector (3) and the ground plate (4) are all made of metal mesh surfaces.

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