Method and apparatus for determining path transmission delay, communication device, and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a path transmission delay determination method, wherein the method is applied to a first user equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a path transmission delay of a data packet from a first address to a second address according to a time length of round trip transmission of the data packet between the first address and the second address and a processing time length of a processing node.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of wireless communication technology, and particularly to a method, apparatus, communication device, and storage medium for determining path transmission delay. Background Technology

[0002] The Internet Protocol (IP) is a communication protocol for transmitting data packets between networks. Based on the IP protocol, IP data packets can be transmitted from a source device (e.g., a user's computer) to a destination device (e.g., a server, or another computer). The IP protocol uses IP addresses and IP routers to implement data packet transmission. Various networks are interconnected through routers. Here, the function of a router can be to select a transmission path for IP data packets. The IP data packets are then transmitted along the selected path.

[0003] The transmission of IP packets along the transmission path incurs latency. Latency is a key parameter affecting IP services. However, related technologies cannot accurately determine the latency of IP packets along the transmission path. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, communication device, and storage medium for determining path transmission delay.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for determining path transmission delay is provided, wherein the method is applied to a first user equipment, the method comprising:

[0006] The path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address is determined based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes it passes through.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a method for determining path transmission delay is provided, wherein the method is applied to a second user equipment, the method comprising:

[0008] Receive information indicating path transmission delay sent by the first user equipment at the first address;

[0009] The information indicating the path transmission delay is used to enable the second user equipment at the second address to determine the transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address via the processing node.

[0010] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a path transmission delay determination apparatus is provided, wherein it is applied to a first user equipment, the apparatus comprising a determination module; wherein,

[0011] The determining module is configured as follows:

[0012] The path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address is determined based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes it passes through.

[0013] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a path transmission delay determination apparatus is provided, wherein it is applied to a second user equipment, the apparatus comprising a receiving module; wherein,

[0014] The receiving module is configured to receive information indicating the path transmission delay sent by the first user equipment at the first address;

[0015] The information indicating the path transmission delay is used to enable the second user equipment at the second address to determine the transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address via the processing node.

[0016] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, the communication device comprising:

[0017] processor;

[0018] Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions;

[0019] The processor is configured to implement the method described in any embodiment of this disclosure when running the executable instructions.

[0020] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer storage medium is provided, the computer storage medium storing a computer executable program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described in any embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address is determined based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes traversed. Thus, the first user equipment can accurately determine the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet and the processing time of the processing nodes. During subsequent data packet transmission, this transmission delay can be used to accurately determine the time for transmitting the data packet. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless communication system.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining path transmission delay according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining path transmission delay according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining path transmission delay according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining path transmission delay according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining path transmission delay according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining path transmission delay according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining path transmission delay according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a path transmission delay determination device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a path transmission delay determination device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a block diagram illustrating a base station according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with those of this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0036] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. The singular forms “a” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various information in embodiments of this disclosure, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of embodiments of this disclosure, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to a determination."

[0038] For the sake of brevity and ease of understanding, the terms “greater than” or “less than” are used in this document to characterize size relationships. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the term “greater than” also includes the meaning of “greater than or equal to”, and “less than” also includes the meaning of “less than or equal to”.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 This illustration shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless communication system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the wireless communication system is a communication system based on mobile communication technology. The wireless communication system may include: several user equipment 110 and several base stations 120.

[0040] User equipment 110 can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user. User equipment 110 can communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (RAN). User equipment 110 can be an Internet of Things (IoT) user equipment, such as sensor devices, mobile phones, and computers with IoT user equipment capabilities. For example, it can be a fixed, portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted device. Examples include a station (STA), subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, access point, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, user device, or user equipment. Alternatively, user equipment 110 can also be a device from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Alternatively, user equipment 110 can also be a vehicle-mounted device, such as a vehicle computer with wireless communication capabilities, or a wireless user equipment connected to an external vehicle computer. Alternatively, user equipment 110 can also be a roadside device, such as a street light, traffic light, or other roadside device with wireless communication capabilities.

[0041] Base station 120 can be a network-side device in a wireless communication system. This wireless communication system can be a fourth-generation mobile communication (4G) system, also known as a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system; or it can be a 5G system, also known as a New Radio (NR) system; or it can be the next generation after 5G. In this case, the access network in the 5G system can be called NG-RAN (New Generation-Radio Access Network).

[0042] The base station 120 can be an evolved NB (eNB) used in a 4G system. Alternatively, the base station 120 can also be a gNB (gNB) using a centralized-distributed architecture in a 5G system. When the base station 120 adopts a centralized-distributed architecture, it typically includes a central unit (CU) and at least two distributed units (DUs). The central unit is equipped with a protocol stack of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer; the distributed units are equipped with a physical (PHY) layer protocol stack. This disclosure does not limit the specific implementation of the base station 120.

[0043] Base station 120 and user equipment 110 can establish a wireless connection via a wireless air interface. In different implementations, the wireless air interface is a wireless air interface based on the fourth-generation mobile communication network technology (4G) standard; or, the wireless air interface is a wireless air interface based on the fifth-generation mobile communication network technology (5G) standard, such as a new air interface; or, the wireless air interface can also be a wireless air interface based on a next-generation mobile communication network technology standard based on 5G.

[0044] In some embodiments, user equipment 110 can also establish E2E (End to End) connections. Examples include V2V (vehicle to vehicle), V2I (vehicle to Infrastructure), and V2P (vehicle to pedestrian) communication scenarios in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication.

[0045] Here, the user equipment mentioned above can be considered as the terminal equipment in the following embodiments.

[0046] In some embodiments, the wireless communication system described above may further include a network management device 130.

[0047] Several base stations 120 are connected to network management device 130. Network management device 130 can be a core network device in a wireless communication system, such as a Mobility Management Entity (MME) in an Evolved Packet Core (EPC). Alternatively, it can be other core network devices, such as a Serving Gateway (SGW), a Public Data Network Gateway (PGW), a Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), or a Home Subscriber Server (HSS). The implementation of network management device 130 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0048] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, this disclosure provides multiple embodiments to clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the multiple embodiments provided in this disclosure can be executed individually, or in combination with the methods of other embodiments in this disclosure, or individually or in combination with some methods in other related technologies; this disclosure does not limit these aspects.

[0049] To better understand the technical solutions described in any embodiment of this disclosure, the relevant applications and scenarios will first be explained:

[0050] The IP protocol stipulates that all devices on a network must have a unique IP address, just as mail must include the recipient's address for a postman to deliver it. Similarly, each IP data packet must contain the destination device's IP address so that the packet can be correctly delivered to its destination. In one embodiment, a single device can have multiple IP addresses, but all network devices using IP must have at least one unique IP address.

[0051] The Internet is a large network composed of many interconnected networks. To transmit IP packets over the Internet, besides ensuring that each device on the network has a unique IP address, there must also be a transmission mechanism between the networks to forward the IP packets to their destination. This transmission mechanism is called IP routing.

[0052] Networks are interconnected through routers. The function of a router is to select the transmission path for IP packets. In the IP routing process, the router is responsible for selecting the path, and the IP packets are the objects being transmitted. See also... Figure 2 IP packets are transmitted from the source computer to the destination computer, and can be transmitted through methods such as... Figure 2 The path shown is Path 1.

[0053] In one embodiment, an IP packet may include a source address and a destination address. For example, an IP packet format is shown in Table 1 below. This IP packet includes: source address, destination address, version, header length, differentiated services, total length, identifier, flags, fragment offset, generation time, and protocol, etc.

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] In one embodiment, after a data packet is sent by the sender, it is transmitted through routers. The routers in the network determine how to forward it, and the sender does not know the forwarding path. Since the processing time of the data packet at each router is uncertain, the time it takes for the data packet to reach its destination address is difficult to determine.

[0058] To address this issue, in addition to the source and destination addresses, IP packets can also include information such as a list of routers passed through (also known as a flow table) and the processing time (i.e., the time it takes for the packet to be sent to the next router (or destination address) from that router.

[0059] In one embodiment, an IP packet includes at least the following fields:

[0060] Source address, destination address, routing address 1, processing time of data packet forwarding by router 1, routing address 2, processing time of data packet forwarding by router 2, ..., routing address N, processing time of data packet forwarding by router N.

[0061] In one embodiment, after a data packet is sent from the sender, it is sequentially sent to the next hop according to the routing list in the flow table until it reaches the destination address. That is, the data packet starts from the source address, is sequentially sent to route address 1, route address 2, ..., route address N, and finally reaches the destination address. The routing is specified by the sender, which defines each router on the path that the IP data packet must pass through. There must be no intermediate routers between adjacent routers, and the order of the routers traversed cannot be changed.

[0062] In one embodiment, to determine how many routing addresses an IP packet needs to traverse from its source address to its destination address, the IP packet may contain a field indicating the number of hops, for example, a field indicating the hop count as N+1.

[0063] By defining fixed paths and the processing time for routers to send data packets, the time it takes for data packets to travel from the source address to the destination address can be precisely controlled.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for determining path transmission delay, which is applied to a first user equipment. The method includes:

[0065] Step 31: Determine the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes it passes through.

[0066] In one embodiment, the processing time of the processing node includes: the processing time of the routers traversed and the processing time of the second user equipment forwarding the data packets at the second address.

[0067] Here, round-trip transmission can be between a first user equipment and a second user equipment, where the address of the first user equipment is the first address and the address of the second user equipment is the second address. That is, after the first user equipment sends a data packet to the second user equipment, the second user equipment forwards the data packet back to the first user equipment. In some embodiments, the router can connect any type of gateway device. In one embodiment, the network includes multiple gateway devices, and each router can connect two or more gateway devices. Here, during the transmission of data packets, the routers that the data packets pass through include, but are not limited to, one of the following: a first-hop router, intermediate-hop routers, and a last-hop router. Here, there can be multiple intermediate-hop routers. In an Internet, the first-hop router is the router connected to the sending user equipment (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The router connected to the source computer in the diagram; the intermediate hop router is a router that is not connected to either the sending or receiving user equipment; the last hop router is a router connected to the receiving user equipment (e.g., the router connected to the source computer in the diagram); the intermediate hop router is a router that is not connected to either the sending or receiving user equipment; the last hop router is a router connected to the receiving user equipment (e.g., the router connected to the source computer in the diagram). Figure 2 (The router connected to the destination computer).

[0068] In some embodiments, the user equipment may be, but is not limited to, a computer, mobile phone, wearable device, vehicle terminal, roadside unit (RSU), smart home terminal, industrial sensing device, and / or medical device. The user equipment can transmit data packets to another user equipment via routers along the data transmission path, based on the IP protocol. For example, a first user equipment transmits data packets to a second user equipment via routers along the data transmission path. Here, each user equipment is configured with an address. For example, the address configured for the first user equipment is a first address; the address configured for the second user equipment is a second address.

[0069] In one embodiment, the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first user equipment to the second user equipment is determined based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first user equipment and the second user equipment and the processing time of the processing nodes it passes through. Here, the address of the first user equipment is a first address, and the address of the second user equipment is a second address.

[0070] In some embodiments, user equipment and routers in the network are configured with address information, which can be used to uniquely identify a device. In one embodiment, the address information includes, but is not limited to, one of the following: IP address and Media Access Control (MAC) address. For example, the router's address information could be: IP: 10.11.64.1; or, for another example, the router's address information could be: MAC: abcd.abcd.0000. Here, the router's address information can also arbitrarily indicate the router's location within the network. For example, the router's address information could be: INT4.104, where "INT4" indicates the router is in the 4th network and "104" indicates it is the 104th router.

[0071] In one embodiment, a first user equipment transmits data packets from a first address to a second address via a data transmission path. Here, the data transmission path includes the addresses of at least one router through which the data packet travels from the first address to the second address. In one embodiment, the data transmission path includes: the first address, the address of router 1, the address of router 2, ..., the address of router N, and the second address; where N is an integer greater than 1. The address of the first user equipment is the first address, and the address of the second user equipment is the second address. In one embodiment, the router addresses traversed in the above data transmission path can also be indicated by a flow table.

[0072] In some embodiments, the processing time of a processing node indicates the duration for which the processing node processes data packets. Here, the processing time of a processing node includes the processing time of a router. Here, router processing of data packets can mean that the router forwards data packets from the current router to the next-hop router. Here, the router's processing time can be determined based on the average processing time of multiple data packet processing operations by the router. Here, the processing time of a processing node can also include the router's processing time and the processing time of a second user equipment with a second address forwarding data packets.

[0073] In one embodiment, the path transmission delay is used to indicate the duration of at least one of the following: the time it takes for a data packet to travel from the sending first user equipment to the first hop router, the time it takes for the previous hop router to travel to the next hop router, the time it takes for the last hop router to travel to the receiving second user equipment, and / or the time it takes for the second user equipment to forward the data packet. Here, the first user equipment can accurately predict the transmission time of data transmission from the first user equipment to the second user equipment on the data transmission path based on the path transmission delay.

[0074] In one embodiment, the data transmission path indicates the addresses that the data packets pass through during transmission.

[0075] In one embodiment, if the data transmission path indicates: a first address, the address of router 1, and a second address; then the path transmission delay includes: the time it takes for the data packet to travel from the first address to router 1 and the time it takes for the data packet to travel from router 1 to the second address.

[0076] In one embodiment, if the data transmission path indicates: a first address, the address of router 1, the address of router 2, and a second address; then the path transmission delay includes: the time it takes for the data packet to travel from the first address to router 1, the time it takes for the data packet to travel from router 1 to router 2, and the time it takes for the data packet to travel from router 2 to the second address.

[0077] In one embodiment, a first user equipment (User Equipment) sends a data packet to a second user equipment (User Equipment) via at least one router on a data transmission path, wherein the address of the first User Equipment is a first address and the address of the second User Equipment is a second address. Upon receiving the data packet, the second User Equipment forwards it to the first User Equipment via the at least one router on the data transmission path. The first User Equipment receives the data packet sent by the second User Equipment. The first User Equipment determines the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first and second addresses based on the time the data packet was sent and the time it was received. The first electronic device determines the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address based on the round-trip transmission time and the processing time of the processing nodes traversed; here, the processing nodes include the second User Equipment and the routers.

[0078] In one embodiment, the round-trip number is a single trip, the round-trip duration is a first duration, the processing node is a router, and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration. Then, the path transmission delay is half of the difference between the first duration and the second duration. For example, if the round-trip duration is A, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes is B, then the path transmission delay is T, and T = (AB) / 2.

[0079] In one embodiment, the number of round trips is N, the round trip duration is a first duration, the processing node is a router, and the processing time of the data packet through each router on the data transmission path is a second duration. Then, the path transmission delay is 1 / 2N of the difference between the first and second durations. For example, if the round trip duration is A, and the processing time of the data packet through each router is B, then the path transmission delay is T, where T = (AB) / 2N. Here, N is a positive integer greater than 1. Thus, since the path transmission delay is determined based on the time of multiple round trips, the transmission delay is more accurate.

[0080] In one embodiment, the round-trip number is a single trip, the round-trip duration is a first duration, the processing nodes include routers and second user equipment, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration, and the processing time of the second user equipment is a third duration. Then, the path transmission delay is half the difference between the first duration and the sum of the second and third durations. For example, if the round-trip duration is A, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes is B, and the processing time of the second user equipment is C, then the path transmission delay is T, and T = (ABC) / 2.

[0081] In one embodiment, the number of round trips is N, the round trip duration is a first duration, the processing nodes include routers and second user equipment, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration, and the processing time of the second user equipment is a third duration. Then, the path transmission delay is 1 / 2N of the duration difference between the first duration and the sum of the second and third durations. For example, if the round trip duration is A, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes is B, and the processing time of the second user equipment is a third duration, then the path transmission delay is T, where T = (ABC) / 2N. Here, N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0082] In one embodiment, the processing time of the processing node includes: the time taken for the router to process the data packet and the time taken for the second user equipment at the second address to forward the data packet. For example, a first user equipment sends a data packet to a second user equipment through a router. After receiving the data packet, the second user equipment forwards the data packet to the first user equipment through the router. Since the first user equipment plays a forwarding role, the time taken for the first user equipment to forward the data packet can be included in the total processing time of the processing node.

[0083] In one embodiment, the first user equipment determines a data transmission path for transmitting data from the first user equipment to the second user equipment based on the required transmission delay for data packet transmission and the path transmission delay determined according to any embodiment of this disclosure. In another embodiment, in response to the first user equipment's required transmission delay for data packet transmission being greater than the path transmission delay determined according to any embodiment of this disclosure, the path corresponding to the path transmission delay determined according to any embodiment of this disclosure is determined as the data transmission path for the first user equipment's data packet transmission.

[0084] In one embodiment, the first user equipment sends information indicating the path transmission delay to the second user equipment. The second user equipment determines the data transmission path for transmitting data from the second user equipment to the first user equipment based on the required transmission delay for data packet transmission and the transmission delay indicated by the information indicating the transmission delay. In one embodiment, in response to the second user equipment's required transmission delay for data packet transmission being greater than the path transmission delay determined in any embodiment of this disclosure, the path corresponding to that transmission delay is determined as the data transmission path for the second user equipment's data packet transmission.

[0085] In one embodiment, in response to a data transmission path update sent by a first user equipment to a second user equipment, the first user equipment determines the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes traversed. Thus, the first user equipment can accurately determine the transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address.

[0086] In one embodiment, in response to a data transmission path update sent by a first user equipment to a second user equipment, the first user equipment sends information indicating the path transmission delay to the second user equipment. Thus, the first user equipment can accurately determine the path transmission delay for data packets from the second user equipment to the first user equipment based on the information indicating the path transmission delay.

[0087] In one embodiment, the transmission time of data packets between the first user equipment and the second user equipment is the sum of the path transmission delay and the processing time of the routers traversed. Thus, the first user equipment and / or the second user equipment can accurately determine the transmission time of data packets based on the path transmission delay and processing time.

[0088] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address is determined based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes traversed. Thus, the first user equipment can accurately determine the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet and the processing time of the processing nodes. During subsequent data packet transmission, this transmission delay can be used to accurately determine the time for transmitting the data packet.

[0089] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of this disclosure or some methods in related technologies.

[0090] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for determining path transmission delay, which is applied to a first user equipment. The method includes:

[0091] Step 41: Determine the path transmission delay based on the difference between the round-trip transmission time and the processing time of the processing node.

[0092] In some embodiments, the round-trip transmission duration can be the duration of a single round-trip transmission of a data packet between the first address and the second address, or it can be the duration of multiple round-trip transmissions of a data packet between the first address and the second address. Wherein, the address of the first user equipment is the first address, and the address of the second user equipment is the second address.

[0093] In one embodiment, the round trip is a single trip. The path transmission delay is determined based on the difference between the round trip transmission duration and the processing duration of the processing node, including: the path transmission delay = 1 / 2 (round trip transmission duration - router processing time twice - destination address processing time), thus determining the path transmission delay.

[0094] In one embodiment, the number of round trips is N. Determining the path transmission delay based on the difference between the round trip transmission duration and the processing duration of the processing node includes: determining the path transmission delay based on 1 / N of the difference between the round trip transmission duration and the processing duration of the processing node.

[0095] In one embodiment, the round-trip number is a single trip, the round-trip duration is a first duration, the processing node is a router, and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration. Then, the path transmission delay is half of the difference between the first duration and the second duration. For example, if the round-trip duration is A, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes is B, then the path transmission delay is T, and T = (AB) / 2.

[0096] In one embodiment, the number of round trips is N, the round trip duration is a first duration, the processing node is a router, and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration. Then, the path transmission delay is 1 / 2N of the difference between the first and second durations. For example, if the round trip duration is A, and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes is B, then the path transmission delay is T, where T = (AB) / 2N. Here, N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0097] In one embodiment, the round-trip time is a single trip, the round-trip duration is a first duration, the processing nodes include routers and second user equipment, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration, and the processing time of the second user equipment is a third duration. Then, the path transmission delay is half the difference between the first duration and the sum of the second and third durations. For example, if the round-trip time is A, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes is B, and the processing time of the second user equipment is C, then the path transmission delay is T, and T = (ABC) / 2.

[0098] In one embodiment, the number of round trips is N, the round trip duration is a first duration, the processing nodes include a router and a second user equipment, the processing time of the router through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration, and the processing time of the second user equipment is a third duration. Then, the path transmission delay is 1 / 2N of the difference between the first duration and the sum of the second and third durations. For example, if the round trip duration is A, the processing time of the router through which the data packet passes is B, and the processing time of the second user equipment is a third duration, then the path transmission delay is T, where T = (ABC) / 2N. Here, N is a positive integer greater than 1. It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the methods provided in this disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in this disclosure or related technologies.

[0099] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for determining path transmission delay, which is applied to a first user equipment. The method includes:

[0100] Step 51: Determine the transmission time of the data packet from the first address to the second address based on the path transmission delay and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet is transmitted from the first address to the second address.

[0101] In one embodiment, the transmission time of data packets between the first user equipment and the second user equipment is the sum of the transmission delay and the processing time of the data packets through the routers traversed from the first address to the second address. Thus, the first user equipment and / or the second user equipment can accurately determine the transmission time of the data packets based on the path transmission delay and processing time. Here, the address of the first user equipment is the first address, and the address of the second user equipment is the second address.

[0102] In one embodiment, if the data transmission path indicates: a first address, the address of router 1, and a second address; then the path transmission delay includes: a first time for the data packet to travel from the first address to router 1 and a second time for the data packet to travel from router 1 to the second address. The processing time of the routers through which the data packet travels from the first address to the second address is the processing time of router 1, where the processing time of router 1 is a third time. Therefore, based on the transmission delay and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet travels from the first address to the second address, the transmission time of the data packet from the first address to the second address is determined to be the sum of the first time, the second time, and the third time.

[0103] In one embodiment, if the data transmission path indicates: a first address, the address of router 1, the address of router 2, and a second address; then the path transmission delay includes: a first time interval for the data packet to travel from the first address to router 1, a second time interval for the data packet to travel from router 1 to router 2, and a third time interval for the data packet to travel from router 2 to the second address. The processing time of the routers through which the data packet travels from the first address to the second address is equal to the processing time of router 1 and router 2, wherein the processing time of router 1 is a fourth time interval, and the processing time of router 2 is a fifth time interval. Therefore, based on the transmission delay and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet travels from the first address to the second address, the transmission time of the data packet from the first address to the second address is determined to be the sum of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth time intervals.

[0104] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of this disclosure or some methods in related technologies.

[0105] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for determining path transmission delay, which is applied to a first user equipment. The method includes:

[0106] Step 61: In response to sending a data packet from the first address to the second address, determine the sending time;

[0107] Step 62: In response to receiving a data packet forwarded by the second user equipment after receiving a data packet at the second address at the first address, determine the reception time;

[0108] Step 63: Based on the sending and receiving times, determine the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address.

[0109] Here, the sending time can be the point in time when the data packet is sent. The receiving time can be the point in time when the data packet is received.

[0110] In one embodiment, in response to a first user equipment sending a data packet from a first address to a second user equipment located at a second address, the first user equipment determines a first moment of sending the data packet; in response to the first user equipment receiving a data packet forwarded by the second user equipment after receiving the data packet at the second address, the first user equipment determines a second moment of receiving the data packet; based on the first moment and the second moment, the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address is determined, where the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address can be the difference between the second moment and the first moment.

[0111] In one embodiment, the data packet can be sent and received periodically to obtain multiple transmission and reception times. Based on the average of the multiple transmission and reception times, the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address is determined. In this way, the round-trip transmission time is more accurate.

[0112] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of this disclosure or some methods in related technologies.

[0113] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for determining path transmission delay, which is applied to a first user equipment. The method includes:

[0114] Step 71: Send information indicating the path transmission delay to the second user equipment at the second address;

[0115] The information indicating the path transmission delay is used by the second user equipment to determine the transmission delay.

[0116] In one embodiment, in response to a data transmission path update sent by a first user equipment to a second user equipment, the first user equipment determines the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes it passes through.

[0117] In one embodiment, in response to a data transmission path update sent by a first user equipment to a second user equipment, the first user equipment sends information to the second user equipment indicating the transmission delay of the path.

[0118] In one embodiment, the transmission time of data packets between the first user equipment and the second user equipment is the sum of the path transmission delay and the processing time of the processing nodes traversed. Thus, the second user equipment can accurately determine the transmission time of data packets based on this path transmission delay and processing time.

[0119] In one embodiment, the first user equipment sends information indicating the path transmission delay to the second user equipment. The second user equipment determines the data transmission path for transmitting data from the second user equipment to the first user equipment based on the required transmission delay for data packet transmission and the path transmission delay indicated by the information indicating the path transmission delay. In one embodiment, in response to the second user equipment's required transmission delay for data packet transmission being greater than the path transmission delay determined in any embodiment of this disclosure, the path corresponding to that path transmission delay is determined as the data transmission path for the second user equipment's data packet transmission.

[0120] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of this disclosure or some methods in related technologies.

[0121] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for determining path transmission delay, which is applied to a second user equipment. The method includes:

[0122] Step 81: Receive information indicating the path transmission delay sent by the first user equipment at the first address;

[0123] The information indicating the path transmission delay is used to enable the second user equipment at the second address to determine the transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address through the processing node.

[0124] In one embodiment, the processing time of a processing node includes the processing time of the routers it passes through.

[0125] In some embodiments, a router can connect to any type of gateway device. In one embodiment, the network includes multiple gateway devices, and each router can connect to two or more gateway devices. Here, during the transmission of data packets, the routers that the data packets pass through include, but are not limited to, one of the following: a first-hop router, intermediate-hop routers, and a last-hop router. Here, there can be multiple intermediate-hop routers. In an Internet, the first-hop router is the router connected to the user equipment at the sending end (e.g., [example router]). Figure 2 The router connected to the source computer in the diagram; the intermediate hop router is a router that is not connected to either the sending or receiving user equipment; the last hop router is a router connected to the receiving user equipment (e.g., the router connected to the source computer in the diagram); the intermediate hop router is a router that is not connected to either the sending or receiving user equipment; the last hop router is a router connected to the receiving user equipment (e.g., the router connected to the source computer in the diagram). Figure 2 (The router connected to the destination computer).

[0126] In some embodiments, the user equipment may be, but is not limited to, a computer, mobile phone, wearable device, vehicle terminal, roadside unit (RSU), smart home terminal, industrial sensing device, and / or medical device. The user equipment can transmit data packets to another user equipment via routers along the data transmission path, based on the IP protocol. For example, a first user equipment transmits data packets to a second user equipment via routers along the data transmission path. Here, each user equipment is configured with an address. For example, the address configured for the first user equipment is a first address; the address configured for the second user equipment is a second address.

[0127] In one embodiment, the first user equipment (UAE) determines the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first UAE to the second UAE based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first UAE and the second UAE and the processing time of the processing nodes it passes through. Here, the address of the first UAE is a first address, and the address of the second UAE is a second address. The following is an exemplary description of the technical solution for the first UAE to determine the path transmission delay:

[0128] In some embodiments, user equipment and routers in the network are configured with address information, which can be used to uniquely identify a device. In one embodiment, the address information includes, but is not limited to, one of the following: IP address and MAC address. For example, the router's address information could be: IP: 10.11.64.1; or, for another example, the router's address information could be: MAC: abcd.abcd.0000. Here, the router's address information can also arbitrarily indicate the location of the router within the network. For example, the router's address information could be: INT4.104, where "INT4" indicates that the router is in the 4th network, and "104" indicates that it is the 104th router.

[0129] In one embodiment, a first user equipment transmits data packets from a first address to a second address via a data transmission path. Here, the data transmission path includes the addresses of at least one router through which the data packets travel from the first address to the second address. In one embodiment, the data transmission path includes: the first address, the address of router 1, the address of router 2, ..., the address of router N, and the second address; where N is an integer greater than 1. The address of the first user equipment is the first address, and the address of the second user equipment is the second address. In one embodiment, the router addresses traversed in the above data transmission path can also be indicated by a flow table. It should be noted that the second user equipment can also transmit data packets from the second address to the first address via the data transmission path.

[0130] In some embodiments, the processing time of a processing node indicates the duration for which the processing node processes data packets. Here, the processing time of a processing node includes the processing time of a router. Here, router processing of data packets can mean that the router forwards data packets from the current router to the next-hop router. Here, the router's processing time can be determined based on the average processing time of multiple data packet processing operations by the router. Here, the processing time of a processing node can also include the router's processing time and the processing time of a second user equipment with a second address forwarding data packets.

[0131] In one embodiment, the path transmission delay is used to indicate the duration of at least one of the following: the time it takes for a data packet to travel from the sending first user equipment to the first hop router, the time it takes for the previous hop router to travel to the next hop router, the time it takes for the last hop router to travel to the receiving second user equipment, and / or the time it takes for the second user equipment to forward the data packet. Here, the first user equipment can accurately predict the transmission time of data transmission from the first user equipment to the second user equipment on the data transmission path based on the path transmission delay.

[0132] In one embodiment, the data transmission path indicates the addresses that the data packets pass through during transmission.

[0133] In one embodiment, if the data transmission path indicates: a first address, the address of router 1, and a second address; then the path transmission delay includes: the time it takes for the data packet to travel from the first address to router 1 and the time it takes for the data packet to travel from router 1 to the second address.

[0134] In one embodiment, if the data transmission path indicates: a first address, the address of router 1, the address of router 2, and a second address; then the path transmission delay includes: the time it takes for the data packet to travel from the first address to router 1, the time it takes for the data packet to travel from router 1 to router 2, and the time it takes for the data packet to travel from router 2 to the second address.

[0135] In one embodiment, a first user equipment (User Equipment) sends a data packet to a second user equipment (User Equipment) via at least one router on a data transmission path, wherein the address of the first User Equipment is a first address and the address of the second User Equipment is a second address. Upon receiving the data packet, the second User Equipment forwards it to the first User Equipment via the at least one router on the data transmission path. The first User Equipment receives the data packet sent by the second User Equipment. The first User Equipment determines the round-trip time of the data packet between the first and second addresses based on the time the data packet was sent and the time it was received. The first electronic device determines the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address based on the round-trip transmission time and the processing time of the routers traversed. Here, the processing nodes include the second User Equipment and the routers.

[0136] In one embodiment, the round-trip number is a single trip, the round-trip duration is a first duration, the processing node is a router, and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration. Then, the path transmission delay is half of the difference between the first duration and the second duration. For example, if the round-trip duration is A, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes is B, then the path transmission delay is T, and T = (AB) / 2.

[0137] In one embodiment, the number of round trips is N, the round trip duration is a first duration, the processing node is a router, and the processing time of the data packet through each router on the data transmission path is a second duration. Then, the path transmission delay is 1 / 2N of the difference between the first and second durations. For example, if the round trip duration is A, and the processing time of the data packet through each router is B, then the path transmission delay is T, where T = (AB) / 2N. Here, N is a positive integer greater than 1. Thus, since the path transmission delay is determined based on the time of multiple round trips, the transmission delay is more accurate.

[0138] In one embodiment, the round-trip number is a single trip, the round-trip duration is a first duration, the processing nodes include routers and second user equipment, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration, and the processing time of the second user equipment is a third duration. Then, the path transmission delay is half the difference between the first duration and the sum of the second and third durations. For example, if the round-trip duration is A, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes is B, and the processing time of the second user equipment is C, then the path transmission delay is T, and T = (ABC) / 2.

[0139] In one embodiment, the number of round trips is N, the round trip duration is a first duration, the processing nodes include routers and second user equipment, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes on the data transmission path is a second duration, and the processing time of the second user equipment is a third duration. Then, the path transmission delay is 1 / 2N of the duration difference between the first duration and the sum of the second and third durations. For example, if the round trip duration is A, the processing time of the routers through which the data packet passes is B, and the processing time of the second user equipment is a third duration, then the path transmission delay is T, where T = (ABC) / 2N. Here, N is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0140] In one embodiment, the processing time of a processing node includes: the time taken for the router to process the data packet, and the time taken for the second user equipment at the second address to forward the data packet. For example, a first user equipment sends a data packet to a second user equipment through a router. After receiving the data packet, the second user equipment forwards the data packet to the first user equipment through the router. Since the first user equipment plays a forwarding role, the time taken for the first user equipment to forward the data packet can be included in the total processing time of the processing node.

[0141] In one embodiment, the first user equipment determines a data transmission path for transmitting data from the first user equipment to the second user equipment based on the required transmission delay for data packet transmission and the path transmission delay determined according to any embodiment of this disclosure. In another embodiment, in response to the first user equipment's required transmission delay for data packet transmission being greater than the path transmission delay determined according to any embodiment of this disclosure, the path corresponding to the path transmission delay determined according to any embodiment of this disclosure is determined as the data transmission path for the first user equipment's data packet transmission.

[0142] In one embodiment, the first user equipment sends information indicating the path transmission delay to the second user equipment. The second user equipment determines the data transmission path for transmitting data from the second user equipment to the first user equipment based on the required transmission delay for data packet transmission and the transmission delay indicated by the information indicating the transmission delay. In one embodiment, in response to the second user equipment's required transmission delay for data packet transmission being greater than the path transmission delay determined in any embodiment of this disclosure, the path corresponding to that transmission delay is determined as the data transmission path for the second user equipment's data packet transmission.

[0143] In one embodiment, in response to a data transmission path update sent by a first user equipment to a second user equipment, the first user equipment determines the path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes it passes through.

[0144] In one embodiment, in response to a data transmission path update sent by a first user equipment to a second user equipment, the first user equipment sends information about the transmission delay to the second user equipment.

[0145] In one embodiment, the transmission time of data packets between the first user equipment and the second user equipment is the sum of the path transmission delay and the processing time of the routers traversed. Thus, the second user equipment can accurately determine the transmission time of data packets based on this path transmission delay and processing time.

[0146] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of this disclosure or some methods in related technologies.

[0147] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for determining path transmission delay, which is applied to a second user equipment. The method includes:

[0148] Step 91: Determine the transmission time of the data packet from the second address to the first address based on the transmission delay and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet is transmitted from the second address to the first address.

[0149] In one embodiment, the transmission time of data packets between the first user equipment and the second user equipment is the sum of the path transmission delay and the processing time of the data packets through the routers traversed from the second address to the first address. Thus, the second user equipment can accurately determine the transmission time of the data packets based on this path transmission delay and processing time. Here, the address of the first user equipment is the first address, and the address of the second user equipment is the second address.

[0150] In one embodiment, if the data transmission path indicates: a second address, the address of router 1, and a first address; then the path transmission delay includes: a first time interval for the data packet to travel from the second address to router 1 and a second time interval for the data packet to travel from router 1 to the first address. The processing time of the data packet through the routers from the second address to the first address is the processing time of router 1, wherein the processing time of router 1 is a third time interval. Therefore, based on the transmission delay and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet travels from the second address to the first address, the transmission time of the data packet from the second address to the first address is determined to be the sum of the first time interval, the second time interval, and the third time interval.

[0151] In one embodiment, if the data transmission path indicates: a second address, the address of router 1, the address of router 2, and a first address; then the path transmission delay includes: a first time interval for the data packet to travel from the second address to router 1, a second time interval for the data packet to travel from router 1 to router 2, and a third time interval for the data packet to travel from router 2 to the first address. The processing time of the routers through which the data packet travels from the second address to the first address is the processing time of router 1 and router 2, wherein the processing time of router 1 is a fourth time interval, and the processing time of router 2 is a fifth time interval. Therefore, based on the transmission delay and the processing time of the routers through which the data packet travels from the second address to the first address, the transmission time of the data packet from the second address to the first address is determined to be the sum of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth time intervals.

[0152] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of this disclosure or some methods in related technologies.

[0153] like Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment of the present disclosure provides a path transmission delay determination device, which is applied to a first user equipment. The device includes a determination module 101; wherein...

[0154] Module 101 is configured as follows:

[0155] The path transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address is determined based on the round-trip transmission time of the data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes it passes through.

[0156] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the methods provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be executed alone or together with some methods in the embodiments of this disclosure or some methods in related technologies.

[0157] like Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment of the disclosure provides a path transmission delay determination device, which is applied to a second user equipment. The device includes a receiving module 111; wherein...

[0158] The receiving module 111 is configured to receive information indicating the path transmission delay sent by the first user equipment at the first address;

[0159] The information indicating the path transmission delay is used to enable the second user equipment at the second address to determine the transmission delay of the data packet from the first address to the second address through the processing node.

[0160] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0161] This disclosure provides a communication device, which includes:

[0162] processor;

[0163] Memory used to store processor-executable instructions;

[0164] The processor is configured to implement, when running executable instructions, the methods applicable to any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0165] The processor may include various types of storage media, which are non-transitory computer storage media that can continue to store information after the communication device loses power.

[0166] The processor can connect to the memory via a bus or other means to read executable programs stored in the memory.

[0167] This disclosure also provides a computer storage medium storing a computer executable program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0168] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0169] like Figure 12 As shown, one embodiment of this disclosure provides a terminal structure.

[0170] Reference Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment provides a terminal 800, which may specifically be a mobile phone, computer, digital broadcasting terminal, messaging device, game console, tablet device, medical device, fitness device, personal digital assistant, etc.

[0171] Reference Figure 12 Terminal 800 may include one or more of the following components: processing component 802, memory 804, power supply component 806, multimedia component 808, audio component 810, input / output (I / O) interface 812, sensor component 814, and communication component 816.

[0172] Processing component 802 typically controls the overall operation of terminal 800, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communication, camera operation, and recording. Processing component 802 may include one or more processors 820 to execute instructions to complete all or part of the steps of the methods described above. Furthermore, processing component 802 may include one or more modules to facilitate interaction between processing component 802 and other components. For example, processing component 802 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 808 and processing component 802.

[0173] Memory 804 is configured to store various types of data to support operation on terminal 800. Examples of this data include instructions for any application or method operating on terminal 800, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, etc. Memory 804 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0174] Power supply component 806 provides power to various components of terminal 800. Power supply component 806 may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power by terminal 800.

[0175] Multimedia component 808 includes a screen that provides an output interface between terminal 800 and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touchscreen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensors may sense not only the boundaries of touch or swipe actions but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe operation. In some embodiments, multimedia component 808 includes a front-facing camera and / or a rear-facing camera. When terminal 800 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or video mode, the front-facing camera and / or rear-facing camera may receive external multimedia data. Each front-facing camera and rear-facing camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.

[0176] Audio component 810 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, audio component 810 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when terminal 800 is in an operating mode, such as call mode, recording mode, and voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 804 or transmitted via communication component 816. In some embodiments, audio component 810 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0177] I / O interface 812 provides an interface between processing component 802 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, home buttons, volume buttons, power buttons, and lock buttons.

[0178] Sensor assembly 814 includes one or more sensors for providing state assessments of various aspects of terminal 800. For example, sensor assembly 814 can detect the on / off state of terminal 800, the relative positioning of components such as the display and keypad of terminal 800, changes in the position of terminal 800 or a component of terminal 800, the presence or absence of user contact with terminal 800, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of terminal 800, and temperature changes of terminal 800. Sensor assembly 814 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. Sensor assembly 814 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, sensor assembly 814 may also include an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0179] Communication component 816 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between terminal 800 and other devices. Terminal 800 can access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as Wi-Fi, 2G, or 3G, or combinations thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 816 receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 816 also includes a near-field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

[0180] In an exemplary embodiment, terminal 800 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the methods described above.

[0181] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 804 including instructions, which can be executed by a processor 820 of a terminal 800 to perform the above-described method. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device, etc.

[0182] like Figure 13 As shown, one embodiment of this disclosure illustrates the structure of a base station. For example, base station 900 can be provided as a network-side device. (Refer to...) Figure 13 The base station 900 includes a processing component 922, which further includes one or more processors, and memory resources represented by a memory 932 for storing instructions, such as application programs, that can be executed by the processing component 922. The application programs stored in the memory 932 may include one or more modules, each corresponding to a set of instructions. Furthermore, the processing component 922 is configured to execute instructions to perform any of the methods described above applied to the base station.

[0183] Base station 900 may also include a power supply component 926 configured to perform power management of base station 900, a wired or wireless network interface 950 configured to connect base station 900 to a network, and an input / output (I / O) interface 958. Base station 900 can operate on an operating system stored in memory 932, such as Windows Server™, Mac OS X™, Unix™, Linux™, FreeBSD™, or similar.

[0184] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0185] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining path transmission delay, wherein, The method, applied to a first user equipment, includes: Based on the round-trip time (RTT) of the IP packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes traversed, the path transmission delay of the IP packet from the first address to the second address is determined. The processing time of the processing nodes includes: the processing time of at least one router traversed and the processing time of the second user equipment at the second address forwarding the IP packet. The IP packet includes the following fields: first address, second address, address of at least one router traversed, and processing time of the at least one router. Based on the required transmission delay of the data packet transmission and the path transmission delay, determine the data transmission path from the first user equipment to the second user equipment; In response to an update of the data transmission path from the first user equipment to the second user equipment, information indicating the path transmission delay is sent to the second user equipment. The information indicating the path transmission delay is used by the second user equipment to determine the data transmission path from the second user equipment to the first user equipment. The step of determining the path transmission delay of the IP packet from the first address to the second address based on the RTT between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the processing nodes traversed includes: The path transmission delay is determined based on the difference between the RTT and the processing time of the processing node.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Determining the path transmission delay based on the difference between the RTT and the processing time of the processing node includes: The path transmission delay = 1 / 2 (RTT - router processing time twice - destination address processing time).

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: The transmission time of the IP data packet from the first address to the second address is determined based on the path transmission delay and the processing time of the router through which the IP data packet is transmitted from the first address to the second address.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: In response to sending the IP data packet from the first address to the second address, a sending time is determined; In response to receiving the IP data packet forwarded by the second user equipment after receiving the IP data packet at the second address at the first address, the reception time is determined; Based on the sending time and the receiving time, the RTT of the IP data packet between the first address and the second address is determined.

5. A method for determining path transmission delay, wherein, The method, applied to a second user equipment, includes: The system receives information indicating path transmission delay sent by the first user equipment at a first address. The information indicating path transmission delay is sent by the first user equipment in response to a data transmission path update for data transmission from the first user equipment to the second user equipment. Based on the required transmission delay of the data packet transmission and the path transmission delay, determine the data transmission path from the second user equipment to the first user equipment; The path transmission delay is determined based on the round-trip time (RTT) of the Internet Protocol (IP) data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the multiple processing nodes traversed. The processing time of the processing nodes includes the processing time of at least one router traversed and the processing time of the second user equipment at the second address forwarding the IP data packet. The IP data packet includes the following fields: first address, second address, address of at least one router traversed, and processing time of the at least one router. The path transmission delay is determined based on the difference between the RTT and the processing time of the processing node.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The method further includes: The transmission time of the IP data packet from the second address to the first address is determined based on the path transmission delay and the processing time of the router through which the IP data packet is transmitted from the second address to the first address.

7. A device for determining path transmission delay, wherein, The apparatus, applied to a first user equipment, includes a determining module and a transmitting module; wherein, The determining module is configured to: determine the path transmission delay of the IP packet from the first address to the second address based on the round-trip time (RTT) between the first address and the second address and the processing time of multiple processing nodes traversed; the processing time of the processing nodes includes: the processing time of at least one router traversed and the processing time of the second user equipment at the second address forwarding the IP packet, wherein the IP packet includes the following fields: first address, second address, address of at least one router traversed, and processing time of the at least one router; The determining module is further configured to: determine the data transmission path from the first user equipment to the second user equipment based on the required transmission delay of the data packet transmission and the path transmission delay; The sending module is configured to: in response to an update of the data transmission path from the first user equipment to the second user equipment, send information indicating the path transmission delay to the second user equipment, wherein the information indicating the path transmission delay is used by the second user equipment to determine the data transmission path from the second user equipment to the first user equipment; The determining module is configured to determine the path transmission delay based on the difference between the RTT and the processing time of the processing node.

8. A device for determining path transmission delay, wherein, The device, applied to a second user equipment, includes a receiving module and a determining module; wherein, The receiving module is configured to receive information indicating path transmission delay sent by the first user equipment at a first address. The information indicating path transmission delay is sent by the first user equipment in response to a data transmission path update for data transmission from the first user equipment to the second user equipment. The determining module is configured to determine the data transmission path from the second user equipment to the first user equipment based on the required transmission delay of the data packet transmission and the path transmission delay. The path transmission delay is determined based on the round-trip time (RTT) of the Internet Protocol (IP) data packet between the first address and the second address and the processing time of the multiple processing nodes traversed. The processing time of the processing nodes includes the processing time of at least one router traversed and the processing time of the second user equipment at the second address forwarding the IP data packet. The IP data packet includes the following fields: first address, second address, address of at least one router traversed, and processing time of the at least one router. The path transmission delay is determined based on the difference between the RTT and the processing time of the processing node.

9. A communication device, wherein, include: antenna; Memory; The processor, connected to both the antenna and the memory, is configured to control the transmission and reception of the antenna by executing computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, and to implement the method provided by any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the method provided by any one of claims 1 to 6.

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