Uplink sending method, ABF module, terminal and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application is applicable to the field of communication technology, and provides an uplink transmission method, an ABF module, a terminal and a storage medium. The terminal includes an ABF module connected to two antennas, corresponding to one transmission channel and two receiving channels, and the transmission channel corresponds to two antennas or one antenna. The uplink transmission method includes: determining the equivalent channel gain corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode respectively according to the uplink channel estimation of each antenna; the single-antenna transmission mode uses one antenna for transmission, and the ABF transmission mode uses two antennas for BF transmission; determining the target transmission mode according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gain; if the target transmission mode is the ABF transmission mode, configuring the ABF module to perform BF transmission. By setting the ABF module in the terminal, the embodiment of the present application can truly implement BF in the terminal and the terminal can implement BF by itself, thereby obtaining an uplink BF gain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to an uplink transmission method, an analog beamforming (ABF) module, a terminal, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of mobile communication and terminal technologies, 5G terminals generally support two uplink transmit (TX) channels in the 5G New Radio (NR) time division duplex (TDD) frequency band. Theoretically, terminals with multiple uplink transmit channels can use beamforming (BF) technology to improve uplink signal reception strength and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0003] However, in actual network applications, the terminal cannot implement uplink BF transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an uplink sending method, an ABF module, a terminal, and a storage medium, and the terminal can truly implement BF and achieve uplink BF gain by itself.

[0005] In a first aspect, an uplink transmission method is provided, which is applied to a terminal, the terminal including an ABF module, the ABF module being connected to two antennas, corresponding to one transmission channel and two reception channels, the transmission channel corresponding to the two antennas or to one of the two antennas, the method including: obtaining an uplink channel estimate for each antenna; determining, based on the uplink channel estimate, equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-antenna transmission mode and an ABF transmission mode, respectively; the single-antenna transmission mode is to use one antenna for transmission, and the ABF transmission mode is to use two antennas for BF transmission; determining a target transmission mode for the uplink time slot based on data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively; if the target transmission mode is the ABF transmission mode, configuring the ABF module according to the target transmission mode for BF transmission.

[0006] The uplink transmission method provided in the first aspect can be applied to a 1T4R / 4-antenna terminal, that is, the terminal includes 4 antennas, has 1 transmission channel and 4 reception channels. By using the ABF module in the terminal, 1 transmission channel can correspond to 2 antennas, so that the terminal uplink can implement BF. Moreover, the terminal does not require support and cooperation from the base station side. It can obtain the equivalent channel gain of different transmission modes based on the actual channel environment through the uplink channel estimation of each antenna connected to the ABF module, thereby adaptively selecting the optimal uplink transmission mode. When the terminal adopts uplink BF transmission, the maximum gain can reach 3dB.

[0007] In a possible implementation, obtaining an uplink channel estimate for each antenna includes: obtaining a downlink channel estimate for each antenna; and performing phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate for the antenna to obtain an uplink channel estimate for the antenna.

[0008] In this implementation, the terminal can obtain the antenna's downlink channel estimate and, based on the downlink channel estimate, perform phase compensation to derive the antenna's uplink channel estimate. Phase compensation offsets the RF phase offset, improving the accuracy of the uplink channel estimate. Furthermore, the terminal can independently obtain the uplink channel estimate, providing technical support for implementing uplink BF on its own.

[0009] In one possible implementation, phase compensation is performed on the antenna's downlink channel estimate to obtain the antenna's uplink channel estimate, including: obtaining the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel where the antenna is located; and performing phase compensation on the antenna's downlink channel estimate based on the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel to obtain the antenna's uplink channel estimate.

[0010] In this implementation, phase compensation takes into account the phase offset between the RF receiving channel and the RF transmitting channel, thereby improving the accuracy of uplink channel estimation.

[0011] In one possible implementation, determining the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, based on uplink channel estimation includes: obtaining multiple subbands within the system bandwidth, where the multiple subbands do not overlap and are combined to form the system bandwidth; for each subband, determining the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, in the subband, based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0012] In this implementation, multiple subbands are pre-divided, and the equivalent channel gain for different transmission modes is determined for each subband. Determining the equivalent channel gain for different transmission modes at the subband level is applicable to scenarios where the channel varies unevenly within the system bandwidth, improving the accuracy of subsequent determination of the uplink transmission mode.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode in the subband is determined based on the uplink channel estimation, including: obtaining multiple preset analog beams provided by the ABF module; and determining the equivalent channel gain when using multiple preset analog beams for BF transmission in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0014] In this implementation, when the terminal uses the ABF transmission mode, the antenna uses a preset simulated beam. By determining the equivalent channel gain corresponding to each preset simulated beam, it ensures the subsequent accurate determination of the uplink transmission mode.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined based on the data to be sent in the uplink time slot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, including: determining the target subband where the center subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located in multiple subbands; and determining the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot based on the data to be sent in the uplink time slot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the target subband.

[0016] In this implementation, the subband where the central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located is used as the target subband. The implementation is simple, and the target subband is determined with reference to the central subcarrier, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the uplink transmission mode.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined based on the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the data to be sent in the uplink time slot, the single-antenna transmission mode, and the ABF transmission mode, including: determining the maximum equivalent channel gain among the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode; if the data to be sent supports the ABF transmission mode, determining the transmission mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain as the target transmission mode.

[0018] In this implementation, the terminal determines the transmission mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain as the target transmission mode according to the actual channel conditions, thereby further improving the gain of uplink transmission.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the uplink sending method further includes: if the data to be sent does not support the ABF sending mode, determining the target sending mode to be a single antenna sending mode.

[0020] In this implementation, in a scenario where the terminal does not support the ABF transmission mode, it is determined to adopt the single-antenna transmission mode to minimize the impact on existing communications.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the uplink transmission method further includes: if the target transmission mode is a single-antenna transmission mode, configuring the ABF module according to the target transmission mode to perform single-antenna transmission.

[0022] In one possible implementation, if the data to be sent does not support the ABF transmission mode, the ABF module is configured according to the target transmission mode for single-antenna transmission, including: determining the target antenna from the two antennas according to the antenna polling order of the AS-SRS; and configuring the ABF module according to the target antenna to use the target antenna for single-antenna transmission.

[0023] In this implementation, in order not to affect downlink communication, the terminal determines the target antenna among the two antennas according to the antenna polling order of the AS-SRS, and uses the target antenna for single-antenna transmission.

[0024] In one possible implementation, when the data to be sent includes AS-SRS, or includes AS-SRS and CB-SRS, the data to be sent does not support the ABF transmission mode; when the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports the ABF transmission mode.

[0025] In a second aspect, an uplink transmission method is provided, which is applied to a terminal, the terminal including two transmission channels, and the method includes: obtaining an uplink channel estimate of the antenna corresponding to each transmission channel; determining the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode respectively based on the uplink channel estimate; the single-channel transmission mode is to use one transmission channel for transmission, and the DBF transmission mode is to use two transmission channels for BF transmission; determining the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot based on the data to be sent in the uplink time slot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode respectively; if the target transmission mode is the DBF transmission mode, configuring the weights of the two transmission channels according to the target transmission mode for BF transmission.

[0026] The uplink transmission method provided in the second aspect can be applied to a 2T4R / 4-antenna terminal, that is, a terminal including four antennas, two transmit channels, and four receive channels. The terminal does not require support or cooperation from the base station. Based on the actual channel environment, it can estimate the equivalent channel gain of different transmission modes through the uplink channel of each transmit channel, thereby adaptively selecting the optimal uplink transmission mode. The terminal can truly implement uplink BF and obtain BF gain. Moreover, the terminal can adjust the phase to any value when performing uplink BF transmission, with a minimum gain of 3dB and a maximum gain of 6dB.

[0027] In one possible implementation, obtaining an uplink channel estimate of the antenna corresponding to each transmission channel includes: for each transmission channel, obtaining a downlink channel estimate of the antenna corresponding to the transmission channel; and performing phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain an uplink channel estimate of the antenna.

[0028] In this implementation, the terminal can obtain the antenna's downlink channel estimate and, based on the downlink channel estimate, perform phase compensation to derive the antenna's uplink channel estimate. Phase compensation offsets the RF phase offset, improving the accuracy of the uplink channel estimate. Furthermore, the terminal can independently obtain the uplink channel estimate, providing technical support for implementing uplink BF on its own.

[0029] In one possible implementation, phase compensation is performed on the antenna's downlink channel estimate to obtain the antenna's uplink channel estimate, including: obtaining the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel where the antenna is located; and performing phase compensation on the antenna's downlink channel estimate based on the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel to obtain the antenna's uplink channel estimate.

[0030] In this implementation, phase compensation takes into account the phase offset between the RF receiving channel and the RF transmitting channel, thereby improving the accuracy of uplink channel estimation.

[0031] In one possible implementation, determining, based on uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-channel transmission mode and a DBF transmission mode, respectively, includes: obtaining multiple subbands within a system bandwidth, where the multiple subbands do not overlap and are combined to form the system bandwidth; and determining, for each subband, based on the uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode, respectively, in the subband.

[0032] In this implementation, multiple subbands are pre-divided, and the equivalent channel gain for different transmission modes is determined for each subband. Determining the equivalent channel gain for different transmission modes at the subband level is applicable to scenarios where the channel varies unevenly within the system bandwidth, improving the accuracy of subsequent determination of the uplink transmission mode.

[0033] In one possible implementation, determining a target transmission mode for the uplink time slot based on data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot, and equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode, respectively, includes: determining a target subband corresponding to the uplink scheduling bandwidth among multiple subbands; and determining the target transmission mode for the uplink time slot based on data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot, and equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the target subband, respectively.

[0034] In this implementation, the subband corresponding to the uplink scheduling bandwidth is used as the target subband, and the final uplink transmission mode is determined according to the transmission mode of the target subband, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the uplink transmission mode.

[0035] In one possible implementation, each transmission channel supports only a single-antenna transmission mode.

[0036] In this implementation, each transmission channel in the terminal corresponds to one antenna, and the two transmission channels can be combined to perform uplink BF transmission in DBF mode.

[0037] In one possible implementation, determining an equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation includes: obtaining a phase difference between two transmission channels in the subband; and determining the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation and the phase difference.

[0038] In this implementation, the phase difference between the two transmission channels is the phase shift value that needs to be adjusted, which can be any value. Since the DBF method can adjust the phase to any value, it improves the performance of uplink BF transmission.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located among the multiple subbands, or the target subband includes a subband occupied by the uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands.

[0040] In this implementation, the target subband can be the subband containing the center subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth. This simplifies implementation and, by referencing the center subcarrier, improves the accuracy of determining the uplink transmission method. The target subband can also be a subband occupied by the uplink scheduling bandwidth, allowing for different phase shifts to be applied to different RBs, further improving uplink transmission gain.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the terminal includes two ABF modules corresponding to two transmission channels respectively, each ABF module is connected to two antennas, and each transmission channel corresponds to the two antennas connected to the corresponding ABF module or to one of the two antennas.

[0042] In this implementation, each transmission channel in the terminal has one ABF module, corresponding to two antennas. The two antennas corresponding to each transmission channel in the terminal are similar in principle to the two antennas corresponding to one transmission channel in the terminal in the first aspect.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the subband are determined based on the uplink channel estimation, including: for each transmission channel, determining the first equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation; the single-antenna transmission mode is to use one antenna of the transmission channel for transmission, and the ABF transmission mode is to use two antennas of the transmission channel for BF transmission; the maximum value of the first equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode is determined as the second equivalent channel gain of the transmission channel; the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels are determined as the equivalent channel gain of the single-channel transmission mode in the subband; and the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband is determined based on the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels.

[0044] In this implementation, the single-channel transmission mode corresponds to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode. For each transmission channel in the terminal, the maximum equivalent channel gain for that transmission channel is determined in both the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode. This is called the second equivalent channel gain, which corresponds to the equivalent channel gain for the single-channel transmission mode. The equivalent channel gain for the DBF transmission mode is then determined based on the second equivalent channel gain for each transmission channel. This provides support for the subsequent accurate determination of the uplink transmission mode.

[0045] In one possible implementation, determining the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband based on the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively includes: obtaining the phase difference between the two transmission channels in the subband based on the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively; and determining the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband based on the second equivalent channel gains and the phase difference corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of an uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands is located.

[0047] In a possible implementation, configuring weights of two transmission channels according to a target transmission mode for BF transmission includes: configuring weights of the two transmission channels according to the target transmission mode, and configuring an ABF module corresponding to each transmission channel for BF transmission.

[0048] In this implementation, each transmission channel in the terminal has an ABF module. When the DBF transmission mode is adopted, it is necessary to configure the weights of the two transmission channels and the ABF module corresponding to each transmission channel to implement uplink BF.

[0049] In one possible implementation, a target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined based on the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode, and the DBF transmission mode, respectively. The method includes determining a maximum equivalent channel gain among the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode; and if the data to be transmitted supports the DBF transmission mode, determining the transmission mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain as the target transmission mode.

[0050] In one possible implementation, when the data to be sent includes AS-SRS, or includes AS-SRS and CB-SRS, the data to be sent does not support the DBF transmission mode; when the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports the DBF transmission mode.

[0051] In a third aspect, an ABF module is provided. The ABF module is connected to two antennas, corresponding to one transmitting channel and two receiving channels. The transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas or to one of the two antennas, and the two receiving channels correspond one-to-one to the two antennas. The ABF module includes: a control port for receiving a control signal; a switch for controlling the connection between the transmitting channel, the receiving channel and the antenna; a power divider for outputting a first signal and a second signal to the two antennas respectively according to the signal to be transmitted received from the transmitting channel when the transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas; and a phase shifter for adjusting the phase of the first signal and / or the second signal according to the control signal so that the two antennas perform BF transmission.

[0052] The ABF module provided in the third aspect corresponds to two antennas, one transmit channel, and two receive channels. One transmit channel can drive multiple antennas, thus enabling uplink BF. Since each receive channel corresponds to one antenna, the number of antennas in the existing terminal does not increase, saving costs. Furthermore, the ABF module determines the uplink transmission mode and the weights for uplink BF transmission based on the received control signal, without affecting downlink transmission, thereby improving the terminal's uplink signal reception strength and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the two antennas include a first antenna and a second antenna; the power divider is used to output a first signal to the first antenna according to the signal to be transmitted, and to output a second signal to the phase shifter; the phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of the second signal according to the control signal, and output the phase-adjusted second signal to the second antenna.

[0054] In this implementation, the phase shifter can adjust the phase of one signal, and the implementation is simple.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the first signal and the second signal have the same power.

[0056] In this implementation, the radio frequency signal received from the transmission channel is divided into two antennas with equal power by a power splitter, and the implementation is simple.

[0057] In a fourth aspect, a terminal is provided. The terminal includes an ABF module, which is connected to two antennas, corresponding to one transmit channel and two receive channels, with the transmit channel corresponding to the two antennas or to one of the two antennas. The terminal also includes: a channel estimation module, configured to obtain an uplink channel estimate for each antenna; a channel gain determination module, configured to determine, based on the uplink channel estimate, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-antenna transmission mode and an ABF transmission mode; the single-antenna transmission mode uses one antenna for transmission, while the ABF transmission mode uses two antennas for BF transmission; a transmission mode determination module, configured to determine a target transmission mode for an uplink time slot based on the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode; and a configuration module, configured to configure the ABF module for BF transmission according to the target transmission mode if the target transmission mode is the ABF transmission mode.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the channel estimation module includes a downlink channel estimation unit and a phase compensation unit; the downlink channel estimation unit is used to obtain the downlink channel estimation of the antenna for each antenna; the phase compensation unit is used to perform phase compensation on the downlink channel estimation of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the phase compensation unit is specifically used to: obtain the phase offset of the transmitting channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel where the antenna is located; perform phase compensation on the downlink channel estimation of the antenna based on the phase offset of the transmitting channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the channel gain determination module is specifically used to: obtain multiple subbands within the system bandwidth, where the multiple subbands do not overlap and are combined to form the system bandwidth; for each subband, determine the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the channel gain determination module is specifically used to: obtain multiple preset analog beams provided by the ABF module; and determine the equivalent channel gain when using multiple preset analog beams to perform BF transmission in the subband based on uplink channel estimation.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the transmission mode determination module is specifically used to: determine the target subband where the central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located among multiple subbands; determine the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot based on the data to be sent in the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the target subband.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the transmission mode determination module is specifically used to: determine the maximum equivalent channel gain among the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode; if the data to be sent supports the ABF transmission mode, the transmission mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain is determined as the target transmission mode.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the transmission mode determination module is further configured to: if the data to be transmitted does not support the ABF transmission mode, determine that the target transmission mode is a single antenna transmission mode.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the configuration module is further configured to: if the target transmission mode is a single-antenna transmission mode, configure the ABF module according to the target transmission mode to perform single-antenna transmission.

[0066] In one possible implementation, if the data to be sent does not support the ABF transmission mode, the configuration module is specifically used to: determine the target antenna among the two antennas according to the antenna polling order of the AS-SRS; and configure the ABF module according to the target antenna to use the target antenna for single-antenna transmission.

[0067] In one possible implementation, when the data to be sent includes AS-SRS, or includes AS-SRS and CB-SRS, the data to be sent does not support the ABF transmission mode; when the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports the ABF transmission mode.

[0068] In a fifth aspect, a terminal is provided. The terminal includes two transmission channels. The terminal includes: a channel estimation module, which is used to obtain an uplink channel estimate of the antenna corresponding to each transmission channel; a channel gain determination module, which is used to determine the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode respectively based on the uplink channel estimate; the single-channel transmission mode is to use one transmission channel for transmission, and the DBF transmission mode is to use two transmission channels for BF transmission; the transmission mode determination module is used to determine the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot based on the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode respectively; and a configuration module, which is used to configure the weights of the two transmission channels according to the target transmission mode for BF transmission if the target transmission mode is the DBF transmission mode.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the channel estimation module includes a downlink channel estimation unit and a phase compensation unit; the downlink channel estimation unit is used to obtain the downlink channel estimate of the antenna corresponding to the transmission channel for each transmission channel; the phase compensation unit is used to perform phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the phase compensation unit is specifically used to: obtain the phase offset of the transmitting channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel where the antenna is located; perform phase compensation on the downlink channel estimation of the antenna based on the phase offset of the transmitting channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0071] In one possible implementation, the channel gain determination module is specifically configured to: obtain multiple subbands within a system bandwidth, where the multiple subbands do not overlap and are combined to form the system bandwidth; and for each subband, determine, based on uplink channel estimation, an equivalent channel gain corresponding to a single-channel transmission mode and a DBF transmission mode in the subband.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the transmission mode determination module is specifically configured to: determine a target subband corresponding to an uplink scheduling bandwidth among multiple subbands; and determine the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot based on the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the target subband.

[0073] In one possible implementation, each transmission channel supports only a single-antenna transmission mode.

[0074] In a possible implementation, the channel gain determination module is specifically configured to: obtain a phase difference between two transmission channels in a subband; and determine an equivalent channel gain of a DBF transmission mode in the subband according to the uplink channel estimation and the phase difference.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located among the multiple subbands, or the target subband includes a subband occupied by the uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the terminal includes two ABF modules corresponding to two transmission channels respectively, each ABF module is connected to two antennas, and each transmission channel corresponds to the two antennas connected to the corresponding ABF module or to one of the two antennas.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the channel gain determination module is specifically used to: determine, for each transmission channel, first equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-antenna transmission mode and an ABF transmission mode in the subband, respectively, based on uplink channel estimation; the single-antenna transmission mode is to use one antenna of the transmission channel for transmission, and the ABF transmission mode is to use two antennas of the transmission channel for BF transmission; determine the maximum value of the first equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode as the second equivalent channel gain of the transmission channel; determine the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels as the equivalent channel gain of the single-channel transmission mode in the subband; and determine the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband based on the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the channel gain determination module is specifically configured to: obtain a phase difference between the two transmission channels in the subband based on the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels; and determine an equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband based on the second equivalent channel gains and the phase difference corresponding to the two transmission channels.

[0079] In a possible implementation, the target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of an uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands is located.

[0080] In a possible implementation, the configuration module is specifically configured to: configure the weights of two sending channels according to a target sending mode, and configure an ABF module corresponding to each sending channel to perform BF sending.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the transmission mode determination module is further configured to: determine a maximum equivalent channel gain among equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode; and if the data to be transmitted supports the DBF transmission mode, determine the transmission mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain as the target transmission mode.

[0082] In one possible implementation, when the data to be sent includes AS-SRS, or includes AS-SRS and CB-SRS, the data to be sent does not support the DBF transmission mode; when the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports the DBF transmission mode.

[0083] In a sixth aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor and the ABF module provided in the third aspect, wherein the processor is configured to couple with a memory, read instructions in the memory, and enable the terminal to execute the method provided in the first aspect according to the instructions.

[0084] In a seventh aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising a processor, the processor being configured to be coupled to a memory, read instructions in the memory, and enable the terminal to execute the method provided in the second aspect according to the instructions.

[0085] In an eighth aspect, a program is provided, which, when executed by a processor, is used to execute the method provided in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0086] In a ninth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed on a computer or a processor, the method provided in the first aspect or the second aspect is implemented.

[0087] In the tenth aspect, a program product is provided, which includes a computer program, the computer program being stored in a readable storage medium, at least one processor of a device being able to read the computer program from the readable storage medium, and the at least one processor executing the computer program so that the device implements the method provided in the first aspect or the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0088] Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of a communication system applicable to embodiments of the present application;

[0089] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the multi-antenna channel model in the LOS scenario;

[0090] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal transceiver framework provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between channels and antennas in a 1T4R / 4-antenna terminal supporting 5G FR1.

[0092] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between channels and antennas in a 2T4R / 4-antenna terminal supporting 5G FR1.

[0093] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between channels and antennas in a terminal that supports 5G FR2;

[0094] Figure 7 A flow chart for implementing uplink BF by a terminal using an uplink coherent codebook;

[0095] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the transceiver architecture for a 2T4R / 4-antenna terminal using an uplink coherent codebook to implement BF.

[0096] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ABF module in a terminal supporting 5G FR2;

[0097] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the ABF module;

[0098] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the transceiver framework of a 2T4R terminal supporting 5G FR1;

[0099] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the AS / ABF module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the AS / ABF module during downlink reception;

[0101] Figure 14 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the AS / ABF module during uplink transmission;

[0102] Figure 15 Another structural diagram of the AS / ABF module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the structure of the transceiver framework of the 1T4R terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] Figure 17 A flowchart of the uplink sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the uplink BF gain provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0106] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the system bandwidth and uplink scheduling bandwidth provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0107] Figure 20 Another flow chart of the uplink sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0108] Figure 21 Another flow chart of the uplink sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] Figure 22 A schematic diagram of the structure of the transceiver framework of the 2T4R terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] Figure 23 Another flow chart of the uplink sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0111] Figure 24 Another structural diagram of the transceiver framework of the 2T4R terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0112] Figure 25 Another schematic diagram of uplink BF gain provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0113] Figure 26 Another flow chart of the uplink sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0114] Figure 27 A schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0115] Figure 28 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0116] The following describes the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0117] The uplink sending method provided in the embodiment of the present application is applicable to uplink communication of a terminal. Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of a communication system applicable to the embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, terminal 100 communicates with base station 200. Uplink communication means that terminal 100 sends data to base station 200, and base station 200 receives the data sent by terminal 100. Downlink communication means that base station 200 sends data to terminal 100, and terminal 100 receives the data sent by base station 200.

[0118] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the name and type of the terminal. A terminal may also be referred to as an electronic device, terminal device, user equipment (UE) or mobile terminal (MT), etc., and is a device that provides voice / data connectivity to a user. Examples of some terminal devices include: mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, PDAs, wearable devices, mobile internet devices (MIDs), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in self-driving vehicles, or wireless terminals in smart homes.

[0119] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the name and type of the base station. A base station is a device for transmitting and receiving signals, such as a radio access network (RAN) node that connects a terminal to a wireless network. Currently, some examples of base stations include: a new generation Node B (gNB) in a 5G system, a transmission reception point (TRP), an evolved Node B (eNB), or a relay station.

[0120] The concepts in the embodiments of the present application are described below.

[0121] 1. Multi-antenna channel model

[0122] The propagation environment of wireless communication systems includes line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS). In the LOS scenario, the wireless signal propagates in an unobstructed straight line between the transmitter and the receiver. For example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the multi-antenna channel model in the LOS scenario. Figure 2 As shown, the terminal has N uniform linear array antennas, marked as antenna 0 to antenna N-1. The uplink channel matrix H of the terminal UL for:

[0123]

[0124] Where d represents the distance between adjacent antennas. represents the incident angle, λ represents the carrier wavelength, Indicates the path difference between adjacent antennas. UL The number of rows is the number of receiving antennas of the base station, and the number of columns is the number of transmitting antennas of the terminal N, h n Indicates the uplink channel corresponding to antenna n, where n = 0, 1, …, N-1.

[0125] The channel is also called an air interface channel.

[0126] 2. BF, coherence, weight, weighting, phase shift

[0127] BF is a transmission method whose basic principle is: when using multiple antennas for transmission, by adjusting the weighting coefficient of each antenna, a directional beam is generated. The signals sent by each antenna are coherently superimposed when they reach the receiving end, improving the uplink signal reception strength and signal-to-noise ratio, and improving the signal quality and transmission rate in the user experience, thereby achieving BF gain.

[0128] Coherence means that the signals sent by multiple antennas can reach the receiving end with the same phase or approximately the same phase.

[0129] Weighting factors, also called weights, refer to the amplitude and / or phase used by each antenna when transmitting. Adjusting the amplitude and / or phase used by an antenna is called weighting.

[0130] Phase shifting refers to adjusting the phase used when transmitting across multiple antennas, without adjusting the amplitude.

[0131] 3. BF gain

[0132] Alternatively, in one implementation, the channels of multiple transmit antennas are completely correlated, with only phase differences due to differences in the radio signal's path length. By phase-shifting N transmit antennas and using BF technology, the received signal can achieve a BF gain of (10logN)dB compared to transmitting on a single antenna with the same total power.

[0133] Currently, the 5G NR frequency range (FR) includes FR1 and FR2. For terminals supporting 5G FR1, one TX channel corresponds to one antenna. For a terminal with two TX channels, N = 2, and the BF gain is (10log2)dB = 3dB. For a terminal with four TX channels, N = 4, and the BF gain is (10log4)dB = 6dB.

[0134] Alternatively, in another implementation, the channels of the N antennas are only partially correlated, with amplitude differences in addition to phase differences. The proportion of the channel's maximum eigenvalue to the total channel power is denoted by ρ, where ρ > 1 / N. The uplink signal is weighted and transmitted using the channel's maximum eigenvalue as the BF weight, resulting in a BF gain of (101 ρN) dB. This indicates that higher inter-antenna channel correlation and a greater proportion ρ of the maximum eigenvalue contribute to greater BF gain.

[0135] 4. Terminal transceiver framework, TX channel, RX channel, 1T4R, 2T4R

[0136] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the terminal transceiver framework provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3As shown, the transceiver framework of the terminal can be divided into three parts: baseband, radio frequency (RF), and antenna. The baseband can include a modulator-demodulator (modem) module 20 for processing baseband signals. The RF can include a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) and a radio frequency front end (RFFE) for processing RF signals. The antenna is used to receive or transmit signals.

[0137] The terminal has a TX channel and a receive (RX) channel. The TX channel is used to transmit data, and the RX channel is used to receive data. The TX channel and RX channel can be further refined due to their different locations. For example, the TX channel in the RF section can be called the RF transmit channel, and the RX channel in the RF section can be called the RF receive channel.

[0138] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of TX channels and the number of RX channels in the terminal.

[0139] 1T4R means 1 TX channel and 4 RX channels. Figure 3 As shown, one TX channel is marked as TX0, and four RX channels are marked as RX0 to RX3.

[0140] 2T4R means 2 TX channels and 4 RX channels. Figure 3 As shown, the two TX channels are marked as TX0 to TX1, and the four RX channels are marked as RX0 to RX3.

[0141] The embodiments of this application do not limit the number of antennas in the terminal. Currently, the terminal can support various frequency bands in 2G to 5G communications, and different frequency bands can correspond to different antennas. The embodiments of this application do not limit the number of antennas for each frequency band. For example, the frequency range of 5G NR includes FR1 and FR2, and FR2 is also called the 5G millimeter wave band. 5G FR1 includes Sub6G and Sub3G. For terminals that support 5G FR1, Sub6G and Sub3G can each correspond to 4 antennas.

[0142] For ease of explanation, this embodiment uses a frequency band with four antennas as an example. A terminal with four antennas is referred to as a four-antenna terminal. A terminal with four antennas and 1T4R is referred to as a 1T4R / 4-antenna terminal. A terminal with four antennas and 2T4R is referred to as a 2T4R / 4-antenna terminal.

[0143] 5. Correspondence between TX channel, RX channel and antenna

[0144] Currently, for terminals that support 5G FR1, one TX channel corresponds to one antenna, and one RX channel corresponds to one antenna.

[0145] Optionally, in one implementation, for a 1T4R / 4 antenna terminal, such as Figure 4 As shown in (a), TX0 corresponds to antenna 0, and RX0 to RX3 correspond to antenna 0 to antenna 3 respectively. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the antenna corresponding to TX0. For example, Figure 4 As shown in (b), TX0 can correspond to antenna 1. Since one TX channel corresponds to one antenna, currently, a terminal with one TX channel cannot implement uplink BF.

[0146] Optionally, in another implementation, for a 2T4R / 4 antenna terminal, such as Figure 5 As shown in (a), TX0 corresponds to antenna 0, TX1 corresponds to antenna 2, and RX0 to RX3 correspond to antennas 0 to 3, respectively. This embodiment of the application does not limit the antennas corresponding to TX0 and TX1. For example, TX0 corresponds to antenna 0 and TX1 corresponds to antenna 3; or, TX0 corresponds to antenna 1 and TX1 corresponds to antenna 2. Since each TX channel corresponds to one antenna, the terminal can implement uplink BF using the antennas corresponding to the two TX channels.

[0147] Currently, for terminals that support 5G FR2, one TX channel can correspond to two antennas, and one RX channel can correspond to two antennas. For example, Figure 6 As shown, TX0 corresponds to antenna 0 and antenna 1, and RX0 corresponds to antenna 0 and antenna 1. Since one TX channel corresponds to two antennas, the terminal can implement uplink BF through the two antennas corresponding to the TX channel.

[0148] The uplink sending method provided in the embodiment of the present application is applicable to a terminal supporting 5G FR1 and can be applied to Figure 5 The corresponding relationship shown in (a) can also be applied to the following situations:

[0149] Optionally, in one implementation, for a 1T4R / 4 antenna terminal, such as Figure 4 As shown in (c), TX0 corresponds to antenna 0 and antenna 1, and RX0 to RX3 correspond to antenna 0 to antenna 3, respectively. Since one TX channel corresponds to two antennas, the terminal can implement uplink BF using the two antennas corresponding to the TX channel.

[0150] Optionally, in another implementation, for a 2T4R / 4 antenna terminal, one of the two TX channels may correspond to two antennas. Figure 5As shown in (b), TX0 corresponds to antenna 0 and antenna 1, TX1 corresponds to antenna 3, and RX0 to RX3 correspond to antennas 0 to 3, respectively. This embodiment of the application does not limit the antenna corresponding to TX1. Since the terminal has two TX channels, and one TX channel corresponds to two antennas, the terminal can implement uplink BF using the antennas corresponding to TX0 and TX1.

[0151] Optionally, in another implementation, for a 2T4R / 4 antenna terminal, each of the two TX channels can correspond to two antennas. Figure 5 As shown in (c), TX0 corresponds to antenna 0 and antenna 1, TX1 corresponds to antenna 2 and antenna 3, and RX0 to RX3 correspond to antenna 0 to antenna 3, respectively. Because the terminal has two TX channels, and each TX channel corresponds to two antennas, the terminal can implement uplink BF using the antennas corresponding to TX0 and TX1.

[0152] 6. ABF, DBF, HBF, analog beamforming, digital beamforming

[0153] Depending on the location of BF, BF can include ABF, digital beamforming (DBF) and hybrid beamforming (HBF). Figure 3 As shown, the occurrence location of BF may include baseband and / or radio frequency.

[0154] ABF refers to the BF achieved by weighting multiple antennas corresponding to the TX channel through radio frequency control. In the ABF method, the hardware structure is simple and the implementation cost is low. For example, an applicable structure is as follows Figure 4 In (c), for the TX0 channel, the RF can weight antenna 0 and antenna 1 to implement uplink ABF.

[0155] DBF refers to the BF achieved by weighting multiple TX channels through baseband control. For example, an applicable structure is as follows Figure 5 In (a), the baseband can weight the TX0 and TX1 channels to achieve uplink DBF.

[0156] HBF, a combination of ABF and DBF, is achieved by weighting multiple TX channels through baseband control and weighting multiple antennas corresponding to the TX channels through RF control. For example, the applicable structure is as follows Figure 5 (b) and (c) in .

[0157] The beam used in ABF can be called an analog beam. Typically, ABF uses a phase shifter to adjust the phase of the analog beam. The number of adjustable phases is limited and depends on the implementation of the phase shifter. Alternatively, ABF can adjust the phase of the analog beam but not its amplitude.

[0158] Digital beams are used in DBF. Typically, the baseband adjusts the phase of a digital beam through software control. The adjustable phase can be any value with high precision. Alternatively, DBF can adjust both the phase and amplitude of the digital beam.

[0159] 7. AS / ABF, TXS / DBF

[0160] In the embodiments of the present application, antenna selection (AS) / ABF is an uplink transmission method that selects single-antenna transmission or BF transmission based on the actual channel conditions of at least two antennas corresponding to the TX channel, and determines the optimal simulated beam when BF transmission is selected. The optimal simulated beam is the simulated beam that maximizes the uplink BF gain among multiple selectable simulated beams.

[0161] For example, the TX channel corresponds to two antennas, labeled antenna 0 and antenna 1. AS means determining one of the three transmission modes: single transmission using antenna 0, single transmission using antenna 1, or ABF transmission using antenna 0 and antenna 1.

[0162] Transmit channel selection (TXS) / DBF is an uplink transmission method that selects single-channel transmission or BF transmission based on the actual channel conditions of multiple TX channels. When BF transmission is selected, the optimal digital beam is determined. The optimal digital beam is the one that maximizes the uplink BF gain.

[0163] For example, there are two TX channels, labeled TX0 and TX1. TXS means that one of the three transmission modes is selected: TX0 single transmission, TX1 single transmission, or using TX0 and TX1 for DBF transmission.

[0164] Next, the implementation method of sending the uplink BF of the terminal is described.

[0165] Optionally, in one implementation, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) protocol defines uplink coherent codebooks for 2TX channels and 4TX channels, respectively. See section 6.3.1.5 of protocol 38.211. A codebook is a quantized phase shift value. This implementation is applicable to terminals with 2TX channels or 4TX channels. Figure 7 The following is a flow chart of how a terminal implements uplink BF using an uplink coherent codebook. Figure 7 As shown, the terminal performs uplink BF sending, which may include:

[0166] S701: The terminal and the base station determine that both support an uplink coherent codebook.

[0167] The terminal and the base station can exchange capability information to determine whether both the terminal and the base station support the uplink coherent codebook specified in the protocol. This application does not limit the time of transmitting capability information and the content of capability information.

[0168] S702: The terminal sends an uplink reference signal to the base station. Correspondingly, the base station receives the uplink reference signal sent by the terminal.

[0169] S703: The base station performs uplink channel estimation according to the uplink reference signal, and determines a target codebook in the uplink coherent codebook.

[0170] S704: The base station sends a codeword index of the target codebook to the terminal. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the codeword index of the target codebook sent by the base station.

[0171] S705: The terminal determines a target codebook in the uplink coherent codebook according to the codeword index.

[0172] S706: The terminal performs phase shifting on signals of multiple transmission channels according to the target codebook to perform BF transmission.

[0173] For example, Figure 8 The following is a schematic diagram of the transceiver architecture when a 2T4R / 4 antenna terminal uses an uplink coherent codebook to implement BF. Figure 8 As shown, the RF includes RFIC 21 and an RF front end, which includes a power amplifier (PA) 23, a low-noise amplifier (LNA) 24, a switch 25, and a filter 26. PA 23 is used to output high-power signals. LNA 24 is a signal amplifier with excellent noise characteristics and high gain. Filter 26 is used to filter the signal. Switch 25 has ports a through e.

[0174] Combine Figure 7 and Figure 8The downlink reception and uplink BF transmission of the 2T4R / 4-antenna terminal are described.

[0175] When the terminal receives downlink data, using RX0 and RX1 as an example, the state of switch 25 is: port a is connected to port d, and port b is connected to port e. RX0 corresponds to antenna 0 through ports a and d, and RX1 corresponds to antenna 1 through ports b and e, achieving two-antenna-to-two-RX channel reception.

[0176] When the terminal sends data uplink, taking TX0 as an example, the state of switch 25 is: port c is connected to port d or port e. Assuming that port c is connected to port d, TX0 corresponds to antenna 0 through ports c and d, realizing transmission from one TX channel to one antenna.

[0177] When the terminal uses the 2TX uplink coherent codebook to implement BF transmission, the two switches 25 cooperate simultaneously. Figure 8 As shown, TX0 corresponds to antenna 0, and TX1 corresponds to antenna 3. The modulation and demodulation module 20 weights TX0 and TX1 according to the target codebook determined by the base station to implement BF transmission.

[0178] This implementation has the following problems:

[0179] 1. This implementation requires both the terminal and the base station to support the protocol-defined uplink coherent codebook. However, in practice, the base station does not support the uplink coherent codebook, causing the terminal to rely on the base station and effectively failing to implement uplink BF.

[0180] 2. Currently, most terminals support 2 TX channels. However, due to issues such as RF component cost, footprint, and power consumption, 4 TX channels are not supported. Therefore, there are currently no terminals that support 4 TX channels.

[0181] 3. Even if the uplink coherent code defined in the protocol can be implemented, the uplink gain of the 2TX terminal is at most 3dB.

[0182] 4. The uplink coherent codebook defined in the protocol has a coarse quantization granularity, currently including four phase shifts: 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. If the path difference between the antennas corresponding to the TX channel does not fall within one of these four phases, the theoretical maximum gain cannot be achieved.

[0183] Optionally, in another implementation, for a terminal that supports 5G FR2, the ABF module can be used to drive multiple antennas through one TX channel or RX channel to achieve uplink BF. The ABF module includes one channel port and multiple antenna ports, and the antenna port is used to connect the antenna. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of antenna ports, the names of channel ports and antenna ports. For example, Figure 9The following is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ABF module in a terminal supporting 5G FR2. In this example, the number of antenna ports is 2. Figure 9 As shown, the ABF module includes channel port a, antenna port b, and antenna port c. Channel port a corresponds to the RX channel or TX channel, antenna port b is connected to antenna 0, and antenna port c is connected to antenna 1.

[0184] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The working principle diagram of the ABF module is shown in Figure 2. Figure 10 As shown in (a) in the figure, when the terminal sends data uplink, the transmission signal from the TX channel is split to antenna 0 and antenna 1 through the ABF module. Uplink BF can be achieved through antenna 0 and antenna 1. Figure 10 As shown in (b) of Figure 2, when a terminal receives downlink data, the received signals from antenna 0 and antenna 1 are combined into the RX channel through the ABF module. The FR2 communication protocol provides a dedicated beam polling time slot for the terminal to traverse multiple simulated beams. The terminal compares the received signal strength of each simulated beam and selects the target simulated beam from among the multiple beams for subsequent reception and transmission.

[0185] Theoretically, the ABF module can also be used in terminals supporting the 5G FR1 TDD frequency band to achieve uplink BF. Currently, terminals typically support four downlink receive channels. However, the ABF module requires at least two antennas per RX channel. Therefore, to achieve uplink BF and ensure four downlink receive channels, a 1T4R terminal requires one ABF module and at least five antennas; a 2T4R terminal requires two ABF modules and at least six antennas.

[0186] For example, Figure 11 A structural diagram of the transceiver framework of a 2T4R terminal supporting 5G FR1. Figure 11As shown, the RF includes RFIC 21 and an RF front-end, which includes PA 23, LNA 24, filter 26, switch 31, and ABF module 32. Transmit channel TX0 and receive channel RX0 are connected to two antennas, antenna 0 and antenna 1, respectively, via the ABF module. Transmit channel TX1 and receive channel RX2 are connected to two antennas, antenna 2 and antenna 3, respectively, via the ABF module. Receive channel RX1 is connected to antenna 4. Receive channel RX3 is connected to antenna 5. When the terminal receives data downlink, taking RX0 as an example, LNA 24 is connected to ABF module 32 via switch 31. The receive signals from antenna 0 and antenna 1 are combined into the RX0 channel through the ABF module, achieving two antennas receiving data into one RX channel. When the terminal transmits data uplink, taking TX0 as an example, PA 23 is connected to ABF module 32 via switch 31. The transmit signal from TX0 is split into antenna 0 and antenna 1 through ABF module 32, achieving one TX channel transmitting data to two antennas, thus implementing uplink BF.

[0187] This implementation has the following problems:

[0188] To ensure four downlink receive channels, a 1T4R terminal requires at least five antennas, and a 2T4R terminal requires at least six. Adding antennas increases terminal costs. Furthermore, because terminals must support various frequency bands from 2G to 5G, they already have numerous antennas. Due to limitations in terminal size, RF device footprint, and power consumption, adding antennas is practically impossible.

[0189] 2. The 3GPP 5G FR2 protocol specifically optimizes the uplink ABF method by setting up beam polling time slots. However, the FR1 protocol does not have this design. The terminal's operation of traversing simulated beams is non-standard, interrupting normal reception in the FR1 band and affecting downlink communications. Furthermore, if the terminal traverses a simulated beam that is approximately orthogonal to the current channel, the downlink received signal strength will drop to the minimum, seriously affecting downlink communications.

[0190] It can be seen that the ABF module can theoretically be applied to the TDD frequency band of 5G FR1, but in reality the terminal cannot adopt this method and BF cannot be implemented in the uplink.

[0191] The embodiment of the present application provides an uplink transmission method, which allows the terminal to truly implement uplink BF transmission. Moreover, the terminal does not require support and cooperation from the base station side and can implement uplink BF on its own. For a terminal with one TX channel and at least two antennas, ABF can be performed between the two antennas of the TX channel, with a maximum gain of 3dB. For a 2T4R / 4-antenna terminal, if one TX channel corresponds to one antenna, DBF can be performed between the two TX channels, with a maximum gain of 3dB; if one TX channel corresponds to two antennas, DBF can be performed between the two TX channels, and ABF can be performed between the two antennas of each TX channel. HBF can be implemented using all four antennas for transmission, with a maximum gain of 6dB.

[0192] The technical solution of the present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments. The following embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

[0193] The embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if any) in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0194] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, uplink BF is achieved by phase shifting, which only adjusts the phase used when transmitting with multiple antennas, without adjusting the amplitude.

[0195] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application is described as an example in which the terminal has 4 antennas, each TX channel corresponds to a maximum of 2 antennas, and the terminal has a maximum of 2 TX channels. However, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of antennas for each communication frequency band, the number of antennas for each TX channel, and the number of TX channels. For example, if the number of antennas is greater than 4, the number of antennas for the TX channel is greater than 2, or the number of TX channels is greater than 2, the uplink transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be extended to these scenarios.

[0196] Example 1

[0197] This embodiment provides an AS / ABF module for use in a terminal. The AS / ABF module is connected to two antennas, corresponding to one transmit channel and two receive channels. The transmit channel corresponds to the two antennas or to one of the two antennas, and the two receive channels correspond one-to-one with the two antennas. Figure 12 A structural diagram of the AS / ABF module provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 12 As shown, the AS / ABF module includes:

[0198] A control port (not shown) is used to receive a control signal.

[0199] The switch 51 is used to control the connection between the transmitting channel, the receiving channel and the antenna.

[0200] The power divider 52 is configured to output a first signal and a second signal to the two antennas respectively according to the to-be-transmitted signal received from the transmitting channel when the transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas according to the control signal.

[0201] The phase shifter 53 is configured to adjust the phase of the first signal and / or the second signal according to the control signal so as to enable the two antennas to perform BF transmission.

[0202] Among them, Figure 12 In the diagram, the AS / ABF module corresponds to one transmitting channel marked as TX0, and two receiving channels marked as RX0 and RX1.

[0203] The AS / ABF module provided in this embodiment works as follows:

[0204] For downlink communication, such as Figure 13 As shown, a switch (not shown) controls the connection between the two receiving channels and the two antennas in a one-to-one correspondence. Each receiving channel obtains the received signal of the corresponding antenna, realizing direct connection between the two antennas and the two RX channels. For example, RX0 is connected to antenna 0, and RX1 is connected to antenna 1.

[0205] Compared to Figure 9 The ABF module shown, when the AS / ABF module provided in this embodiment is applied to a terminal with 4 RX channels, only 4 antennas are required, and the number of antennas will not increase. Optionally, for a 1T4R / 4 antenna terminal, one AS / ABF module is included, and the AS / ABF module is used to make two antennas correspond one-to-one with two RX channels. The other two antennas correspond one-to-one with the other two RX channels. Optionally, for a 2T4R / 4 antenna terminal, two AS / ABF modules are included, and each AS / ABF module makes two antennas correspond one-to-one with two RX channels. Moreover, the AS / ABF module directly transmits the received signals from the two antennas to the two RX channels respectively, eliminating the need for combining the received signals, and the implementation is simple.

[0206] For uplink communication, the AS / ABF module has three transmission states. It can realize single transmission through antenna 0, single transmission through antenna 1, or uplink BF transmission through two antennas according to the control signal. The control signal is sent by baseband. Figure 14 As shown in (a) of FIG, the sending state of the AS / ABF module is single transmission of antenna 0. If the control signal indicates that antenna 0 is used for single antenna transmission, the switch (not shown) controls TX0 to connect to antenna 0. Figure 14As shown in (b), the sending state of the AS / ABF module is antenna 1 single transmission. If the control signal indicates that antenna 1 is used for single antenna transmission, the switch controls TX0 to connect to antenna 0. Figure 14 As shown in (c) of Figure 1, the AS / ABF module is in the transmit state of uplink BF transmission using two antennas. If the control signal indicates uplink BF transmission using antenna 0 and antenna 1, the switch controls TX0 to connect to antenna 0 and antenna 1. At this time, the power divider splits the RF signal (i.e., the signal to be transmitted) transmitted from TX0 into a first signal and a second signal. The phase shifter adjusts the phase of the first signal and / or the second signal based on the control signal to enable BF transmission using both antennas.

[0207] Compared to Figure 9 The ABF module shown in the figure, the AS / ABF module provided in this embodiment can determine the transmission status of the AS / ABF module based on the control signal received from the baseband. When BF transmission is used, the antenna weights are adjusted according to the phase indicated by the control signal. This eliminates the need for the beam polling time slot defined in the FR1 protocol and the terminal's need to traverse and try all simulated beams to determine the target beam. Implementing uplink BF does not affect the terminal's downlink communications.

[0208] As can be seen, the AS / ABF module provided in this embodiment corresponds to two antennas, one transmit channel, and two receive channels. A single TX channel can drive multiple antennas, thus implementing uplink BF. Each RX channel corresponds to one antenna, thus eliminating the need to increase the number of antennas in existing terminals and saving costs. Furthermore, the AS / ABF module determines the uplink transmission mode and the weights for uplink BF transmission based on received control signals, without affecting downlink transmission, thereby improving the terminal's uplink signal reception strength and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0209] Optional, in Figure 14 On the basis of Figure 15 This is another structural diagram of the AS / ABF module provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 15 As shown, power divider 52 includes two output terminals, referred to as a first output terminal and a second output terminal. For ease of explanation, the two antennas connected to the AS / ABF module are referred to as the first antenna and the second antenna. The first output terminal of power divider 52 is connected to the first antenna, for example, antenna 0. The second output terminal of power divider 52 is connected to the input terminal of phase shifter 53. The output terminal of phase shifter 53 is connected to the second antenna, for example, antenna 1.

[0210] The power divider 52 is configured to output a first signal to the first antenna and a second signal to the phase shifter 53 according to the signal to be transmitted.

[0211] The phase shifter 53 is configured to adjust the phase of the second signal according to the control signal, and output the second signal after phase adjustment to the second antenna.

[0212] Specifically, in Figure 15 In the example, the power divider 52 divides the signal to be transmitted received from TX0 into a first signal and a second signal, outputs the first signal to antenna 0, and outputs the second signal to the phase shifter 53. The phase shifter 53 shifts the phase of the second signal according to the phase indicated by the control signal and outputs the phase-adjusted second signal to antenna 1. For example, if antenna 1 is phase-shifted by 45°, the corresponding simulated beam is Therefore, antenna 0 and antenna 1 can implement uplink BF transmission, with a maximum gain of 3 dB.

[0213] Optionally, the phases adjusted by the phase shifter 53 may be marked as p1, p2, ..., p M , with a value between 0° and 360°. This embodiment does not limit the value of M, which depends on the hardware implementation of phase shifter 53. It will be appreciated that the more phases that can be adjusted by phase shifter 53, the finer the phase adjustment, the higher the hardware requirements, and the greater the uplink BF gain. When the number of adjustable phases of phase shifter 53 exceeds the number of uplink coherent codebooks defined in the 3GPP protocol, more phases can be adjusted compared to the uplink coherent codebook, thereby improving uplink BF performance.

[0214] Optionally, the first signal and the second signal have the same power. The radio frequency signal received from the transmission channel is divided into two antennas with equal power by a power splitter, which is simple to implement.

[0215] Optionally, if the AS / ABF module provided in this embodiment causes conducted power loss to the RF signal, for example, due to losses caused by switches, power splitters, and phase shifters, the power loss value needs to be determined through RF calibration. This power loss value is also called the power calibration value.

[0216] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the name of the AS / ABF module. For example, it can also be called an ABF module.

[0217] Example 2

[0218] This embodiment provides an uplink transmission method, applicable to a terminal. The terminal includes the AS / ABF module provided in Example 1. For a terminal with one TX channel and at least two antennas, the uplink transmission method provided in this embodiment can perform ABF between the two antennas connected to the TX channel, achieving a maximum gain of 3dB. It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the number of TX channels included in the terminal. Among all TX channels, at least one TX channel has a one-to-one correspondence with at least one AS / ABF module.

[0219] First, combine Figure 16 , taking a 1T4R / 4 antenna terminal as an example, the terminal transceiver framework applicable to this embodiment is described. Figure 16 As shown, the transceiver framework of the terminal includes baseband, RF and antenna. The baseband includes a modulation and demodulation module 20, which is used to implement AS / ABF weight calculation. AS refers to determining the transmission state of the AS / ABF module, specifically single antenna transmission or uplink BF transmission. ABF weight calculation refers to determining the optimal analog beam to use when selecting BF transmission. RF includes RFIC21 and RF front end, and the RF front end includes PA23, LNA24, filter 26 and AS / ABF module 40. Figure 16 In the example, the terminal includes one transmit channel, TX0, and four receive channels, RX0 through RX3. TX0, RX0, and RX1 correspond to antennas 0 and 1 via the AS / ABF module 40. RX2 corresponds to antenna 2, and RX3 corresponds to antenna 3. The AS / ABF module 40 can transmit in three states: single transmission via antenna 0, single transmission via antenna 1, and uplink BF transmission via antennas 0 and 1.

[0220] Figure 17 A flow chart of the uplink sending method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 17 As shown, the uplink sending method provided in this embodiment may include:

[0221] S1701. Obtain an uplink channel estimate for each antenna connected to the AS / ABF module.

[0222] S1702: Determine the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, based on uplink channel estimation. The single-antenna transmission mode uses one antenna for transmission, and the ABF transmission mode uses two antennas for BF transmission.

[0223] For example, in Figure 16 In the single-antenna transmission mode, antenna 0 transmits single-television and antenna 1 transmits single-television. The equivalent channel gain of the single-antenna transmission mode includes two values: the equivalent channel gain when antenna 0 transmits single-television and the equivalent channel gain when antenna 1 transmits single-television.

[0224] Optionally, determining the equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode according to the uplink channel estimation may include:

[0225] Get multiple preset simulation beams provided by the AS / ABF module.

[0226] The equivalent channel gains when BF transmission is performed respectively using multiple preset analog beams are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

[0227] Specifically, in the ABF transmission mode, the antenna uses a preset analog beam. The number of preset analog beams is related to the hardware implementation of the AS / ABF module, and this embodiment does not limit the specific value. Each preset analog beam corresponds to an equivalent channel gain. For example. There are 8 preset analog beams, and the phase offsets are {0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, -135°, -90°, -45°}. The equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode includes 8 values, including: the equivalent channel gain when using 8 preset analog beams respectively. Among them, the maximum value of the equivalent channel gains corresponding to multiple preset analog beams can be called the optimal equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode, and the preset analog beam corresponding to the optimal equivalent channel gain is the optimal analog beam.

[0228] Optionally, if the AS / ABF module has power loss, determining the equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode based on the uplink channel estimation may include: determining the equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode based on the uplink channel estimation and the power loss value of the AS / ABF module.

[0229] Typically, adding RF components introduces additional power loss. In one implementation, this power loss can be compensated by increasing the PA transmit power at the RF front end. This approach results in increased power consumption. In this implementation, power compensation is not performed at the RF front end. Instead, the equivalent channel gain for the ABF transmission mode is determined based on uplink channel estimation and the power loss value of the AS / ABF module, reducing terminal power consumption.

[0230] Among them, the equivalent channel gain is related to the uplink channel estimation and the antenna weight. Optionally, in one implementation, the equivalent channel gain is to multiply the uplink channel estimation by the antenna weight, and calculate the sum of the powers of each resource block (RB). For the ABF transmission mode, the two antennas divide the total transmission power P equally, and the antennas use simulated beams for transmission, and different simulated beams have different phase offsets. The antenna weight is related to the phase offset of the simulated beam. For the single-antenna transmission mode, one antenna uses the total transmission power P to send signals. It can be understood that the weight corresponding to the antenna that sends the signal is 1, and the weight corresponding to the antenna that does not send the signal is 0.

[0231] For example, the AS / ABF module can implement four types of simulated beams. The phase offsets of antenna 1 relative to antenna 0 are {0°, 90°, 180°, -90°}. In the ABF transmission mode, the antenna weights are:

[0232]

[0233] In single-antenna transmission mode, the antenna weights are:

[0234]

[0235] S1703: Determine a target transmission mode for the uplink timeslot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively.

[0236] Depending on the data being sent in the uplink timeslot, the supported transmission modes may vary. For example, only the single-antenna transmission mode may be supported, or both the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode may be supported. Optionally, when only the single-antenna transmission mode is supported, any antenna can be selected, or the antenna to be used can be determined based on the equivalent channel gain of different antennas when transmitting alone, or based on other rules. The data to be transmitted must support the single-antenna transmission mode.

[0237] Optionally, when the data to be sent includes an antenna-switch sounding reference signal (AS-SRS), or includes an AS-SRS and a codebook sounding reference signal (CB-SRS), the data to be sent does not support the ABF sending mode.

[0238] When the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data, and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports the ABF sending mode.

[0239] Specifically, the uplink reference signals used by base stations for channel quality assessment and uplink scheduling in 5G networks include AS-SRS and CB-SRS. CB-SRS is used for uplink scheduling. AS-SRS is used for downlink scheduling. According to the 3GPP protocol, the configuration of AS-SRS and CB-SRS is notified to the terminal by the base station through the downlink control channel. The base station can configure AS-SRS and CB-SRS to share resources, that is, the base station processes part of AS-SRS as CB-SRS. In order not to affect downlink communication, when the terminal determines that AS-SRS and CB-SRS do not share resources and the uplink time slot is used to send CB-SRS, it is determined that the uplink time slot supports the ABF transmission mode. When the terminal determines that the uplink time slot is used to send AS-SRS, or, for sending AS-SRS and CB-SRS, it is determined that the uplink time slot does not support the ABF transmission mode and only supports the single antenna transmission mode.

[0240] Afterwards, S1704 or S1705 is executed according to the target sending method.

[0241] S1704: If the target sending mode is the ABF sending mode, configure the AS / ABF module according to the target sending mode to perform BF sending.

[0242] Specifically, in the uplink timeslot, the AS / ABF module is configured to connect the transmission channel to the two antennas, and the optimal simulated beam used by the antenna is configured. The optimal simulated beam can be found in the relevant description in S1702 and will not be repeated here.

[0243] S1705: If the target transmission mode is a single-antenna transmission mode, configure the AS / ABF module according to the target transmission mode to perform single-antenna transmission.

[0244] Specifically, in the uplink timeslot, the AS / ABF module is configured so that the transmission channel is connected to one antenna.

[0245] Optionally, in one implementation, if the data to be sent supports the ABF transmission mode and the single antenna transmission mode, in the uplink timeslot, the AS / ABF module is configured so that the transmission channel is connected to one antenna corresponding to the target transmission mode. Figure 16 In the example, if the target transmission mode is antenna 0 single transmission, configure the AS / ABF module to connect TX0 to antenna 0.

[0246] Optionally, in another implementation, if the data to be transmitted does not support the ABF transmission mode but supports the single-antenna transmission mode, configuring the AS / ABF module for single-antenna transmission according to the target transmission mode may include:

[0247] The target antenna is determined from the two antennas according to the antenna polling order of the AS-SRS.

[0248] Configure the AS / ABF module according to the target antenna to use the target antenna for single-antenna transmission.

[0249] In this implementation, data transmitted in the uplink timeslot includes AS-SRS, or includes AS-SRS and CB-SRS. The target antenna to be used for single-antenna transmission is determined by the antenna polling order of AS-SRS, further ensuring that downlink communication is not affected.

[0250] It can be seen that the uplink sending method provided in this embodiment has the following effects:

[0251] 1. Through the AS / ABF module, one transmission channel can correspond to two antennas, providing hardware support for terminals to implement uplink BF. Especially for 1T4R terminals, compared with existing single-antenna transmission, the maximum gain can reach 3dB.

[0252] 2. Through the AS / ABF module, two antennas correspond to two receiving channels one by one. When the terminal has four receiving channels, the terminal only needs four antennas. Figure 9 With the ABF module shown, the terminal does not need to add an antenna, saving costs.

[0253] 3. The AS / ABF module does not combine the downlink signal, and the downlink signal is passed directly. Figure 9 The ABF module shown has no impact on downlink communications.

[0254] 4. The terminal does not need the support and cooperation of the base station side and can implement uplink BF on its own.

[0255] 5. The terminal can obtain the equivalent channel gain of different transmission modes based on the actual channel environment by estimating the uplink channel of each antenna connected to the AS / ABF module, thereby adaptively selecting the optimal uplink transmission mode.

[0256] Combine Figure 16 For a 1T4R / 4-antenna terminal, the channel environment and uplink transmission mode may include:

[0257] 1. When the channel correlation between antenna 0 and antenna 1 is high, the terminal can use two antennas for uplink BF transmission through the AS / ABF module. Compared with the existing single-antenna transmission, the maximum gain can reach 3dB.

[0258] 2. When the channel correlation between antenna 0 and antenna 1 is low, the terminal can adopt a single-antenna transmission mode and use the single antenna with better current channel quality through the AS / ABF module to send.

[0259] The following combination Figure 2 and Figure 18 The uplink BF gain of the uplink transmission method provided in this embodiment is exemplified. In the LOS channel environment, the channel matrix H of the uplink 2 antennas UL for:

[0260]

[0261] Where d represents the distance between adjacent antennas. It represents the incident angle or the direction of the incoming wave at the terminal side, and λ represents the carrier wavelength.

[0262] Assume that the AS / ABF module can implement four types of simulated beams. Figure 15 In the structure shown, the phase shifts of antenna 1 relative to antenna 0 are {0°, 90°, 180°, -90°}. The antenna weights in the ABF transmission mode are as follows:

[0263]

[0264] Under a given uplink channel, the optimal analog beam is selected according to the following criteria:

[0265]

[0266] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of uplink BF gain provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 18 As shown in Figure 1, the ABF curve shows the BF gain of the optimal simulated beam relative to that of a single antenna under different terminal-side wave directions. Assume that the antenna spacing d = λ / 2. When or 180°, the optimal simulated beam is v2; when When , the optimal simulation beam is v3; when When , the optimal simulation beam is v0; when When , the optimal simulated beam is v1. In the above wave direction, 3dB BF gain can be achieved. In other wave directions, since there is no precisely matched simulated beam, the BF gain is small. When the angles are around 40°, 75°, and 105°, the BF gain is the smallest, approximately 2.3dB.

[0267] Optionally, in S1701, obtaining an uplink channel estimate for each antenna may include:

[0268] For each antenna, obtain a downlink channel estimate of the antenna.

[0269] Phase compensation is performed on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna.

[0270] Specifically, the terminal can obtain the antenna's downlink channel estimate based on the downlink reference signal. Phase compensation is performed on the downlink channel estimate to obtain the antenna's uplink channel estimate. Phase compensation offsets the RF phase offset, improving the accuracy of the uplink channel estimate. Furthermore, the terminal can obtain the uplink channel estimate without the base station's cooperation, providing technical support for the terminal to independently implement uplink BF.

[0271] Optionally, performing phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna may include:

[0272] Get the phase offset of the transmitting channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel where the antenna is located.

[0273] According to the phase offset of the transmitting channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel, the downlink channel estimation of the antenna is phase compensated to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0274] In this implementation, phase compensation is based on the phase calibration results of the RF receive channel and the RF transmit channel. The phase offset caused by the RF receive channel to the antenna receive signal and the phase offset caused by the RF transmit channel to the baseband transmit signal are compensated, thereby improving the accuracy of phase compensation and thus improving the accuracy of uplink channel estimation.

[0275] For example, suppose that the RF receiving channel of antenna i generates β i The phase shift of antenna i’s RF transmission channel produces α on the baseband transmission signal. i The phase shift is in radians. Then, the phase compensation of the downlink channel estimate of the antenna is multiplied by the complex phase shift term exp(j(α i -β i )) to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0276] Optionally, the phase compensation is related to the operating state of the RF receiving channel or the RF transmitting channel. The operating state of the RF receiving channel includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: carrier frequency, carrier bandwidth, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) gear of the RFIC and the gear of the RF front-end LNA. The operating state of the RF transmitting channel includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: carrier frequency, carrier bandwidth, digital-to-analog converter (DAC) gear of the RFIC and the gear of the RF front-end PA. Through RF calibration, phase calibration results can be obtained for various combinations of the above operating states to obtain the phase offset of the transmitting channel and the phase offset of the receiving channel.

[0277] Optionally, in one implementation, in S1703, determining the target transmission mode of the uplink timeslot based on the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode, and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, may include:

[0278] The maximum equivalent channel gain is determined among the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode.

[0279] If the data to be sent supports the ABF sending mode, the sending mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain is determined as the target sending mode.

[0280] If the data to be sent does not support the ABF sending mode, the target sending mode is determined to be the single antenna sending mode.

[0281] Combine Figure 16For example, assume that the AS / ABF module 40 can provide four preset analog beams, and the phase shifts of antenna 1 relative to antenna 0 are {0°, 90°, 180°, -90°} respectively. The equivalent channel gain of the single-antenna transmission mode includes: the equivalent channel gain p1 when antenna 0 transmits alone, and the equivalent channel gain p2 when antenna 1 transmits alone. The equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode includes the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the four preset analog beams, labeled p3 to p6. In the ABF transmission mode, the preset analog beam corresponding to the maximum value among p3 to p6 is the optimal analog beam.

[0282] Optionally, in one implementation, assuming that p3>p5>p4>p6>p1>p2, the maximum equivalent channel gain is p3, the corresponding transmission mode is the ABF transmission mode, and the phase offset of the optimal simulated beam is 0°. If the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot supports the ABF transmission mode, the target transmission mode is the ABF transmission mode, and the phase offset of the optimal simulated beam used is 0°.

[0283] Optionally, in another implementation, assuming that p1>p3>p5>p4>p6>p2, the maximum equivalent channel gain is p1, and the corresponding transmission mode is single transmission from antenna 0. If the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot supports the ABF transmission mode, the target transmission mode is single transmission from antenna 0.

[0284] Optionally, in another implementation, assuming that p3>p5>p4>p6>p1>p2, if the data to be sent in the uplink timeslot does not support the ABF transmission mode, the target transmission mode is the single-antenna transmission mode, and any one antenna can be selected for transmission.

[0285] Optionally, in another implementation, assuming that p3>p5>p4>p6>p1>p2, if the data to be sent in the uplink timeslot does not support the ABF transmission mode, since p1>p2, the target transmission mode may be antenna 0 single transmission.

[0286] Optionally, in another implementation, assuming that p3>p5>p4>p6>p1>p2. If the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot does not support the ABF transmission mode, for example, when transmitting AS-SRS, in order not to affect downlink communication, the target transmission mode is determined to be a single-antenna transmission mode, and the antenna to be used is determined according to the antenna polling order of the AS-SRS.

[0287] It can be seen that the terminal can adaptively select the optimal uplink transmission mode according to the actual channel environment, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to different transmission modes, and the data transmitted in the uplink time slot.

[0288] Optionally, in one implementation, S1702, determining, based on uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, may include:

[0289] The equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the system bandwidth are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

[0290] This implementation is suitable for scenarios with simple communication environments and relatively uniform channel variations within the system bandwidth. It calculates the equivalent channel gains for different transmission modes across the system bandwidth, with low computational complexity and simple implementation.

[0291] Optionally, in another implementation, S1702, determining, based on uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, may include:

[0292] A plurality of subbands within a system bandwidth are obtained, where the plurality of subbands do not overlap with each other and are combined to form the system bandwidth.

[0293] For each subband, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the subband are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

[0294] This implementation is suitable for scenarios where the channel variations within the system bandwidth are uneven. For example, in a frequency-selective channel environment, the channel environments of different subbands are different. By determining the equivalent channel gains of different uplink transmission modes for each subband, the optimal transmission mode for each subband can be determined, providing support for the subsequent accurate determination of the target transmission mode for the uplink time slot. The optimal transmission mode for a subband refers to the transmission mode that maximizes the equivalent channel gain of the subband among the different transmission modes. For example, for subband 1, the equivalent channel gain when antenna 0 transmits alone is p0, the equivalent channel gain when antenna 1 transmits alone is p1, and the maximum value of the equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode is p2. Assuming that p1>p2>p0, the optimal transmission mode for subband 1 is antenna 1 transmits alone. The optimal transmission mode for different subbands can be different.

[0295] Furthermore, in most mobile communication scenarios, uplink traffic is low and the uplink scheduling bandwidth is small. The terminal determines the final uplink transmission method based on subband-level data, which helps accurately match the channel, further improving the accuracy of the selected uplink timeslot transmission method and increasing uplink transmission gain.

[0296] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the number of subbands, the bandwidth of each subband, or the number of RBs included in each subband.

[0297] Optionally, determining the equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode in the subband according to the uplink channel estimation may include:

[0298] Get multiple preset simulation beams provided by the AS / ABF module.

[0299] The equivalent channel gains when BF transmission is performed respectively using a plurality of preset analog beams in a sub-band are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

[0300] In each subband, the equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode is determined according to the uplink channel estimation. For details, please refer to the relevant description in S1702 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0301] Optionally, in S1703, determining a target transmission mode for the uplink timeslot based on the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode, and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, may include:

[0302] A target subband where a central subcarrier of an uplink scheduling bandwidth is located is determined among the multiple subbands.

[0303] The target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the target subband.

[0304] Specifically, because the AS / ABF module is a radio frequency hardware module, unified processing of time-domain radio frequency signals is required. For example, transmission can be performed using either of the two antennas or using the uplink BF. During the transmission time slot, the terminal can determine the target subband from multiple subbands and determine the target transmission mode based on the optimal transmission mode for the target subband. In this implementation, the subband containing the center subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is used as the target subband. This simple implementation improves the accuracy of determining the uplink transmission mode by referencing the center subcarrier.

[0305] Optionally, the uplink scheduling bandwidth may be located within a sub-band or may span multiple sub-bands. Figure 19 Schematic diagram of system bandwidth and uplink scheduling bandwidth provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 19 As shown, the system bandwidth includes subbands 1 to 3. Optionally, for the uplink scheduling bandwidth W1, the entire bandwidth is located in subband 1, and the target subband where the center subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located is subband 1. Optionally, for the uplink scheduling bandwidth W2, the bandwidth spans subbands 1 and 2, and the target subband where the center subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located is subband 1. Optionally, for the uplink scheduling bandwidth W3, the bandwidth spans subbands 1, 2, and 3, and the target subband where the center subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located is subband 2.

[0306] Example 3

[0307] This embodiment is based on the second embodiment. Figure 16Taking the 1T4R / 4 antenna terminal shown as an example, a specific implementation of the uplink transmission method is provided. Figure 20 Another flow chart of the uplink sending method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 20 As shown, the uplink sending method provided in this embodiment may include:

[0308] Step 11: Receive a downlink reference signal in a downlink time slot, perform downlink channel estimation based on the downlink reference signal, and obtain an antenna downlink channel estimate.

[0309] Step 12: Obtain phase calibration value and power calibration value through radio frequency calibration.

[0310] The phase calibration value includes the phase offset of the RF transmission channel and the phase offset of the RF reception channel. Figure 16 In FIG, the phase offset of TX0 is marked as α, the phase offset of RX0 is marked as β0, and the phase offset of RX1 is marked as β1.

[0311] The power calibration value can be found in the description of Example 1 or Example 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0312] Step 13. For each antenna connected to the AS / ABF module, perform phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna based on the phase offset of the transmit channel and the phase offset of the receive channel where the antenna is located to obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna.

[0313] For example, in Figure 16 In

[15] , for antenna 0, the uplink channel estimate of antenna 0 is obtained by performing phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of antenna 0 according to the phase offset α of TX0 and the phase offset β0 of RX0, and multiplying it by a complex phase shift term exp(j(α-β0)).

[0314] Similarly, the uplink channel estimate of antenna 1 is obtained based on the phase offset α of TX0, the phase offset β1 of RX1, and the downlink channel estimate of antenna 1.

[0315] Step 14: For each subband within the system bandwidth, determine the maximum equivalent channel gain of the subband based on the uplink channel estimation and power calibration value.

[0316] Among them, Figure 16 In the example, the AS / ABF module 40 has three transmission states: antenna 0 single transmission, antenna 1 single transmission, and uplink BF transmission via antenna 0 and antenna 1 (ABF transmission mode).

[0317] Step 14 may include steps 141 to 144 .

[0318] Step 141. For each subband, obtain multiple preset analog beams provided by the AS / ABF module 40. Determine the equivalent channel gains for BF transmission using each of the multiple preset analog beams in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation and power calibration value. The maximum value among the multiple equivalent channel gains is determined as the optimal equivalent channel gain for ABF transmission in the subband.

[0319] Step 142: For each sub-band, determine the equivalent channel gain of antenna 0 when transmitting alone in the sub-band based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0320] Step 143: For each sub-band, determine the equivalent channel gain of antenna 1 when transmitting alone in the sub-band based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0321] Step 144. For each subband, the maximum value among the equivalent channel gain when antenna 0 transmits alone, the equivalent channel gain when antenna 1 transmits alone, and the optimal equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode is taken as the maximum equivalent channel gain of the TX channel in the subband.

[0322] Step 15: Determine the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot and the maximum equivalent channel gain of the TX channel in each sub-band within the system bandwidth.

[0323] Specifically, a target subband corresponding to the uplink scheduling bandwidth is determined among multiple subbands, where the target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located.

[0324] If the uplink timeslot transmits at least one of uplink control information, uplink data, and CB-SRS, the optimal transmission mode of the target subband may be determined as the target transmission mode of the uplink timeslot. The optimal transmission mode of the target subband is the transmission mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain of the TX channel in the target subband.

[0325] If AS-SRS is sent in the uplink time slot, or AS-SRS and CB-SRS are sent, the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is single-antenna transmission mode, and the antenna used is determined by the antenna polling order of AS-SRS.

[0326] Step 16. Configure the AS / ABF module according to the target sending method.

[0327] Please refer to S1704 and S1705 in Example 2 for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0328] Example 4

[0329] This embodiment provides an uplink transmission method, which is applied to a terminal. The uplink transmission method provided in this embodiment can perform DBF or HBF between 2 TX channels for a 2T4R / 4 antenna terminal, and the maximum gain can reach 6dB. It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the number of TX channels included in the terminal or the number of antennas per TX channel. For example, Figure 5 2T4R / 4 antenna terminal shown.

[0330] Figure 21 Another flow chart of the uplink sending method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 21 As shown, the uplink sending method provided in this embodiment may include:

[0331] S2101: Obtain an uplink channel estimate of the antenna corresponding to each transmission channel.

[0332] S2102: Determine equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-channel transmission mode and a DBF transmission mode, respectively, based on uplink channel estimation. The single-channel transmission mode uses one transmission channel for transmission, and the DBF transmission mode uses two transmission channels for BF transmission.

[0333] For example, two TX channels are labeled TX0 and TX1. Single-channel transmission modes include: TX0 single transmission and TX1 single transmission. The equivalent channel gain for single-channel transmission includes two values: the equivalent channel gain for TX0 single transmission and the equivalent channel gain for TX1 single transmission.

[0334] In DBF mode, digital beams are used, and the adjustable phase can be any value. The equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode includes one value, which is the equivalent channel gain corresponding to the optimal digital beam. The optimal digital beam is the digital beam that maximizes the uplink gain of the DBF transmission mode. For example, when the phase difference between the uplink channel of TX1 and the uplink channel of TX0 is θ, the optimal digital beam is θ is an arbitrary phase.

[0335] S2103 : Determine a target transmission mode of the uplink time slot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode, respectively.

[0336] Depending on the data being sent in the uplink timeslot, the supported transmission modes may vary. For example, both single-channel and DBF transmission modes may be supported, or DBF transmission mode may not be supported. The data to be sent must support single-channel transmission.

[0337] Optionally, when the data to be sent includes AS-SRS, or includes AS-SRS and CB-SRS, the data to be sent does not support the DBF sending mode.

[0338] In this implementation, to avoid affecting downlink communications, the target transmission mode can optionally be single-antenna transmission, with the target antenna used for single-antenna transmission determined by the antenna polling order of the AS-SRS. Optionally, the target transmission mode can be two transmission channels without phase shifting.

[0339] Optionally, when the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports a DBF sending mode.

[0340] S2104: If the target sending mode is the DBF sending mode, configure the weights of the two sending channels according to the target sending mode to perform BF sending.

[0341] It can be seen that the uplink sending method provided in this embodiment has the following effects:

[0342] 1. The terminal can achieve uplink BF, and the minimum gain can reach 3dB.

[0343] 2. The terminal does not need the support and cooperation of the base station side and can implement uplink BF on its own.

[0344] 3. The terminal can obtain the equivalent channel gain of different transmission modes through uplink channel estimation of each antenna according to the actual channel environment, thereby adaptively selecting the optimal uplink transmission mode.

[0345] Optionally, in S2101, obtaining an uplink channel estimate of an antenna corresponding to each transmission channel may include:

[0346] For each transmission channel, a downlink channel estimate of the antenna corresponding to the transmission channel is obtained.

[0347] Phase compensation is performed on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna.

[0348] Optionally, performing phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna may include:

[0349] Get the phase offset of the transmitting channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel where the antenna is located.

[0350] According to the phase offset of the transmitting channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel, the downlink channel estimation of the antenna is phase compensated to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0351] Optionally, the phase compensation is related to an operating state of a radio frequency receiving channel or a radio frequency transmitting channel.

[0352] For details, please refer to the relevant description of S1701 in Example 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0353] Optionally, in one implementation, in S2103, determining the target transmission mode of the uplink timeslot based on the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode, and the DBF transmission mode, respectively, may include:

[0354] The maximum equivalent channel gain is determined among the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode.

[0355] If the data to be sent supports the DBF sending mode, the sending mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain is determined as the target sending mode.

[0356] If the data to be sent does not support the DBF sending mode, the target sending mode is determined to be a single antenna sending mode or two sending channels sending without phase shifting.

[0357] For example, assume two TX channels are labeled TX0 and TX1. The equivalent channel gains for single-channel transmission are: p1 for TX0 alone and p2 for TX1 alone. The equivalent channel gain for DBF transmission is p3, corresponding to the optimal digital beam.

[0358] Optionally, in one implementation, assuming that p3>p1>p2, the maximum equivalent channel gain is p3, and the corresponding transmission mode is DBF. If the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot supports DBF, the target transmission mode is DBF and uses the optimal digital beam.

[0359] Optionally, in another implementation, assuming that p1>p3>p2, the maximum equivalent channel gain is p1, and the corresponding transmission mode is single transmission of channel 0. If the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot supports the ABF transmission mode, the target transmission mode is single transmission of channel 0.

[0360] Optionally, in another implementation, assuming that p3>p1>p2, if the data to be sent in the uplink timeslot does not support the DBF sending mode, the target sending mode is the single-channel sending mode, and any one sending channel can be selected.

[0361] Optionally, in another implementation, assuming that p3>p1>p2, if the data to be sent in the uplink timeslot does not support the ABF sending mode, since p1>p2, the target sending mode may be channel 0 single transmission.

[0362] Optionally, in another implementation, assuming that p3 > p1 > p2, if the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot does not support the ABF transmission mode, for example, when transmitting AS-SRS, in order not to affect downlink communication, the target transmission mode is determined to be a single-antenna transmission mode, and the antenna to be used is determined according to the antenna polling order of the AS-SRS.

[0363] Alternatively, in another implementation, assuming that p3 > p1 > p2, if the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot does not support the ABF transmission mode, for example, transmitting AS-SRS and CB-SRS, in order not to affect downlink communication, the target transmission mode is determined to be two transmission channels without phase shifting.

[0364] It can be seen that the terminal can adaptively select the optimal uplink transmission mode according to the actual channel environment, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to different transmission modes, and the data transmitted in the uplink time slot.

[0365] Optionally, in one implementation, S2102, determining, based on uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode, respectively, may include:

[0366] The equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the system bandwidth are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

[0367] This implementation is suitable for scenarios with simple communication environments and relatively uniform channel variations within the system bandwidth. It calculates the equivalent channel gains for different transmission modes across the system bandwidth, with low computational complexity and simple implementation.

[0368] Optionally, in another implementation, S2102, determining, based on uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode, respectively, may include:

[0369] A plurality of subbands within a system bandwidth are obtained, where the plurality of subbands do not overlap with each other and are combined to form the system bandwidth.

[0370] For each sub-band, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

[0371] This implementation is applicable to scenarios where the channel changes are uneven within the system bandwidth. The principle and effect can be found in the description of S1702 in the second embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0372] Optionally, in S2103, determining the target transmission mode of the uplink timeslot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode, respectively, may include:

[0373] A target subband corresponding to the uplink scheduling bandwidth is determined among the multiple subbands.

[0374] The target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the target subband.

[0375] In this implementation, the target subband is determined according to the uplink scheduling bandwidth, and the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined based on the equivalent channel gains of different transmission modes in the target subband, which improves the accuracy of determining the target transmission mode and enhances the uplink communication quality.

[0376] Example 5

[0377] This embodiment provides an uplink transmission method based on the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, each transmission channel in the terminal only supports a single-antenna transmission mode.

[0378] In this embodiment, the methods of obtaining the equivalent channel gain of a single-channel transmission mode, obtaining the equivalent channel gain of a DBF transmission mode, and realizing the target subband are mainly described.

[0379] For example, Figure 22 A structural diagram of the transceiver framework of the 2T4R terminal provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 22 As shown, the transceiver framework of the terminal includes baseband, RF and antenna. The baseband includes a modulation and demodulation module 20, which is used to implement TXS / DBF weight calculation. TXS refers to selecting a transmission mode between single-channel transmission and dual-channel BF transmission. DBF weight calculation refers to determining the optimal digital beam to use when selecting BF transmission. RF includes RFIC21 and RF front end, and the RF front end includes PA23, LNA24, switch 25 and filter 26. Figure 22 In the IEEE 802.11 standard, the terminal includes two transmit channels, TX0 and TX1, and four receive channels, RX0 to RX3. TX0 and RX0 correspond to antenna 0, TX1 and RX2 correspond to antenna 2, RX1 corresponds to antenna 1, and RX3 corresponds to antenna 3. Single-channel transmission involves TX0 being transmitted via antenna 0 and TX1 via antenna 2. DBF transmission involves uplink BF transmission via TX0 and TX1.

[0380] exist Figure 22 In S2102, the equivalent channel gain of the single-channel transmission mode includes two values: the equivalent channel gain when TX0 is transmitted through antenna 0 and the equivalent channel gain when TX1 is transmitted through antenna 2.

[0381] The uplink sending method provided in this embodiment can also be applied to Figure 8The terminal shown in FIG. In this case, the modem module 20 is used to implement TXS / DBF weight calculation. Transmit channel TX0 is associated with antenna 0 or antenna 1 via a switch, and transmit channel TX1 is associated with antenna 2 or antenna 3 via a switch. Single-channel transmission modes include TX0 single transmission and TX1 single transmission. TX0 single transmission includes: single transmission via antenna 0 and single transmission via antenna 1. TX1 single transmission includes: single transmission via antenna 2 and single transmission via antenna 3. The DBF transmission mode uses TX0 and TX1 for uplink BF transmission.

[0382] exist Figure 8 In S2102, each transmission channel corresponds to two antennas, but transmission is performed through a single antenna. In S2102, the equivalent channel gain for single-channel transmission includes two values: the equivalent channel gain for TX0 when transmitting alone and the equivalent channel gain for TX1 when transmitting alone. The equivalent channel gain for TX0 when transmitting alone is the maximum of the equivalent channel gain p0 for TX0 when transmitting through antenna 0 and the equivalent channel gain p1 for TX0 when transmitting through antenna 1. The equivalent channel gain for TX1 when transmitting alone is the maximum of the equivalent channel gain p2 for TX1 when transmitting through antenna 2 and the equivalent channel gain p3 for TX1 when transmitting through antenna 3.

[0383] In S2102, determining the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode according to the uplink channel estimation may include:

[0384] Get the phase difference between two transmit channels.

[0385] The equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode is determined based on the uplink channel estimation and the phase difference.

[0386] Specifically, the phase difference between the two transmission channels is the phase difference between the uplink channels corresponding to the two transmission channels, which is the phase shift value of the optimal digital beam. For details, see S2102 in Example 4. Since the DBF method can adjust the phase to any value, the performance of uplink BF transmission is improved.

[0387] Optionally, if the system bandwidth is divided into multiple sub-bands, for each sub-band, the above method may be used to obtain the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band.

[0388] Optionally, if the system bandwidth is divided into multiple subbands, in one implementation, the target subband corresponding to the uplink scheduling bandwidth is the subband where the center subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located.

[0389] In this implementation, the subband where the central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located is used as the target subband. The implementation is simple, and the target subband is determined with reference to the central subcarrier, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the uplink transmission mode.

[0390] Optionally, in another implementation manner, the target subband corresponding to the uplink scheduling bandwidth includes a subband occupied by the uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands.

[0391] In this implementation, because the uplink BF transmission is implemented using DBF, unified processing of the time domain signal is not required. The optimal transmission method is determined for each subband in the uplink scheduling bandwidth, and different phase shifts are applied to different RBs, further improving the uplink transmission gain.

[0392] The uplink sending method provided in this embodiment has the following effects:

[0393] 1. The terminal can achieve uplink BF, and the maximum gain can reach 3dB.

[0394] 2. The terminal does not need the support and cooperation of the base station side and can implement uplink BF on its own.

[0395] 3. The terminal can obtain the equivalent channel gain of different transmission modes through uplink channel estimation of each antenna according to the actual channel environment, thereby adaptively selecting the optimal uplink transmission mode.

[0396] For a 2T4R / 4-antenna terminal, the channel environment and uplink transmission mode may include:

[0397] 1. When the correlation between the channels of TX0 and TX1 is high, the terminal can implement uplink BF transmission through TX0 and TX1 using the DBF method. Compared with the existing single-antenna transmission, the maximum gain can reach 3dB.

[0398] 2. When the correlation between the channels of TX0 and TX1 is low, the terminal can adopt a single-channel transmission mode and use a single channel with better communication quality for transmission.

[0399] The following combination Figure 18 The uplink BF gain of the uplink transmission method provided in this embodiment is exemplified. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that in embodiment 2, the uplink BF is implemented by ABF, and an analog beam is used. In this embodiment, the uplink BF is implemented by DBF, and a non-quantized digital beam is used. Compared with embodiment 2, this embodiment can achieve maximum gain in more scenarios. For example, assuming that the AS / ABF module in embodiment 2 can provide two phase shifts: {90°, 180°}, then when the channel phase difference of the two antennas connected to the AS / ABF module is in the range of {0°, 90°, 180°, -90°}, a maximum 3dB gain can be achieved. The DBF weight of this embodiment can achieve a 3dB gain at any phase difference between the two antennas.

[0400] Figure 18 The figure shows the BF gain of the DBF method and the ABF method between two antennas in the LOS channel environment. Figure 18 As can be seen from the figure, the DBF method in this embodiment can achieve a 3dB BF gain in any incoming wave direction in the LOS scenario. In contrast, the ABF method in Example 2 can only achieve a BF gain close to 3dB in the incoming wave direction corresponding to the phase supported by the phase shifter in the AS / ABF module.

[0401] Example 6

[0402] This embodiment is based on the fourth and fifth embodiments. Figure 22 Taking the 2T4R / 4 antenna terminal shown as an example, a specific implementation of the uplink transmission method is provided. Figure 23 Another flow chart of the uplink sending method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 23 As shown, the uplink sending method provided in this embodiment may include:

[0403] Step 21: Receive a downlink reference signal in a downlink time slot, perform downlink channel estimation based on the downlink reference signal, and obtain a downlink channel estimation for each antenna in each transmission channel.

[0404] Step 22: Obtain a phase calibration value through radio frequency calibration.

[0405] Step 23. For each antenna in each transmission channel, perform phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna according to the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the receiving channel where the antenna is located, and obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna.

[0406] Among them, step 21 can refer to step 11 in embodiment 3, step 22 can refer to step 12, and step 23 can refer to step 13. The principles are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0407] Step 24: For each subband within the system bandwidth, determine the maximum equivalent channel gain of the 2TX path in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0408] Among them, Figure 22 In the single-channel transmission mode, TX0 is transmitted through antenna 0, and TX1 is transmitted through antenna 2. The DBF transmission mode is to perform uplink BF transmission through TX0 and TX1.

[0409] Step 24 may include steps 241 to 244 .

[0410] Step 241: For each sub-band, obtain the phase difference between TX0 and TX1, and determine the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band based on the uplink channel estimation and the phase difference.

[0411] Step 242: For each sub-band, determine the equivalent channel gain of antenna 0 when transmitting alone in the sub-band based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0412] Step 243: For each sub-band, determine the equivalent channel gain of antenna 2 when transmitting alone in the sub-band based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0413] Step 244: For each subband, the maximum value among the equivalent channel gain when antenna 0 transmits alone, the equivalent channel gain when antenna 2 transmits alone, and the equivalent channel gain in the DBF transmission mode is taken as the maximum equivalent channel gain of the 2TX channel in the subband.

[0414] Step 25: Determine the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot and the maximum equivalent channel gain of the 2TX channel in each sub-band within the system bandwidth.

[0415] Specifically, a target subband corresponding to the uplink scheduling bandwidth is determined among multiple subbands. The target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located, or includes a subband occupied by the uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands.

[0416] If the uplink timeslot transmits at least one of uplink control information, uplink data, and CB-SRS, the optimal transmission mode of the target subband may be determined as the target transmission mode of the uplink timeslot. The optimal transmission mode of the target subband is the transmission mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain of the 2TX channels in the target subband.

[0417] If AS-SRS is sent in the uplink time slot, or AS-SRS and CB-SRS are sent, the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is single-antenna transmission mode, and the antenna used is determined by the antenna polling order of AS-SRS.

[0418] Step 26. Configure two TX channels according to the target transmission mode.

[0419] Example 7

[0420] This embodiment, based on Example 4, provides an uplink transmission method. In this embodiment, the terminal includes two transmission channels, each corresponding to an AS / ABF module. Each AS / ABF module is connected to two antennas, and each transmission channel corresponds to the two antennas connected to the corresponding AS / ABF module, or to one of the two antennas. This embodiment can be understood as a combination of Example 2 and Example 5.

[0421] In this embodiment, the methods of obtaining the equivalent channel gain of a single-channel transmission mode, obtaining the equivalent channel gain of a DBF transmission mode, and realizing the target subband are mainly described.

[0422] For example, Figure 24 Another structural diagram of the transceiver framework of the 2T4R terminal provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 24 As shown, the transceiver framework of the terminal includes a baseband, a radio frequency and an antenna. The baseband includes a modulation and demodulation module 20, which is used to implement TXS / DBF weight calculation and AS / ABF weight calculation. For the TXS / DBF weight calculation, please refer to the relevant description in Example 5, and for the AS / ABF weight calculation, please refer to the relevant description in Example 2, which will not be repeated here. The radio frequency includes RFIC21 and a radio frequency front end, and the radio frequency front end includes PA23, LNA24, filter 26, AS / ABF module 41 and AS / ABF module 42. Figure 24 In the example, the terminal includes two transmission channels TX0 to TX1 and four reception channels RX0 to RX3. TX0, RX0, and RX1 correspond to antenna 0 and antenna 1 through the AS / ABF module 41, and TX1, RX2, and RX3 correspond to antenna 2 and antenna 3 through the AS / ABF module 42. The working principle of the AS / ABF module 41 and the AS / ABF module 42 are the same as Figure 16 The AS / ABF module 40 in is similar.

[0423] In this embodiment, in S2102, determining the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode respectively according to the uplink channel estimation may include:

[0424] For each transmission channel, the first equivalent channel gain corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode is determined based on the uplink channel estimation. The single-antenna transmission mode uses one antenna of the transmission channel for transmission, while the ABF transmission mode uses two antennas of the transmission channel for BF transmission.

[0425] The maximum value of the first equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode is determined as the second equivalent channel gain of the transmission channel.

[0426] The second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels are determined as the equivalent channel gains of the single-channel transmission mode.

[0427] The equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode is determined according to the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively.

[0428] by Figure 24 For example, Figure 24 The following sending methods are included:

[0429] Single-channel sending mode: TX0 single send, TX1 single send.

[0430] DBF sending mode: Uplink BF is sent through TX0 and TX1.

[0431] For AS / ABF module 41, this includes:

[0432] Single-antenna transmission mode: Antenna 0 single transmission, Antenna 1 single transmission.

[0433] ABF transmission mode: Uplink BF is sent through antenna 0 and antenna 1.

[0434] For AS / ABF module 42, this includes:

[0435] Single-antenna transmission mode: Antenna 2 single-transmit, Antenna 3 single-transmit.

[0436] ABF transmission mode: Uplink BF is sent through antenna 2 and antenna 3.

[0437] For determining the first equivalent channel gain of the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode of each transmission channel, reference may be made to the relevant description of S1702 in the second embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0438] Assume that there are four preset analog beams for TX0. The first equivalent channel gain for a single transmission from antenna 0 is p10, and the first equivalent channel gain for a single transmission from antenna 1 is p11. In the ABF transmission mode, the first equivalent channel gains corresponding to the four preset analog beams are p12 to p15. The maximum value among p10 to p15 is p15, which is determined as the second equivalent channel gain for TX0. Therefore, the optimal transmission mode for TX0 is ABF, and the optimal analog beam is the preset analog beam corresponding to p15.

[0439] For TX0, the equivalent channel gain of single-channel transmission is p15.

[0440] For TX1, there are four preset simulated beams. The first equivalent channel gain for a single transmission from antenna 2 is p20, and the first equivalent channel gain for a single transmission from antenna 3 is p21. In the ABF transmission mode, the first equivalent channel gains corresponding to the four preset simulated beams are p22 to p25. The maximum value among p20 to p25 is p20, which is determined as the second equivalent channel gain for TX1. Therefore, the optimal transmission mode for TX1 is a single transmission from antenna 2.

[0441] For TX1, the equivalent channel gain of the single-channel transmission mode is p20.

[0442] Then, the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode is determined according to the equivalent channel gain p15 of the TX0 single-channel transmission mode and the equivalent channel gain p20 of the TX1 single-channel transmission mode.

[0443] As can be seen, for each transmit channel, the maximum equivalent channel gain (i.e., the second equivalent channel gain) for that transmit channel is first determined for single-antenna transmission and dual-antenna BF transmission to obtain the optimal transmission mode for that transmit channel. Then, based on the maximum equivalent channel gain for each transmit channel, the equivalent channel gain for 2TX uplink BF transmission is determined. This allows the target transmission mode for the uplink timeslot to be determined in subsequent steps.

[0444] Optionally, determining the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode according to the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels may include:

[0445] The phase difference between the two transmitting channels is obtained according to the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmitting channels respectively.

[0446] The equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode is determined according to the second equivalent channel gains and phase differences corresponding to the two transmission channels.

[0447] Specifically, the phase difference between the two transmission channels is the phase difference between the uplink channels corresponding to the two transmission channels, which is the phase shift value of the optimal digital beam. For details, see S2102 in Example 4. Since the DBF method can adjust the phase to any value, the performance of uplink BF transmission is improved.

[0448] Optionally, if the system bandwidth is divided into multiple sub-bands, for each sub-band, the above method may be used to obtain the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band.

[0449] Optionally, if the system bandwidth is divided into multiple subbands, the target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of the multiple uplink scheduling bandwidths is located.

[0450] Specifically, the terminal transceiver framework applicable to this embodiment includes the AS / ABF module. The AS / ABF module is a radio frequency hardware module that requires unified processing of time-domain radio frequency signals. For example, transmission is performed using either of the two antennas or using the uplink BF. Therefore, the target subband is one. In this implementation, the subband containing the center subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is used as the target subband. This simplifies the implementation and determines the target subband based on the center subcarrier, improving the accuracy of determining the uplink transmission method.

[0451] Optionally, in S2104, configuring weights of two transmission channels according to the target transmission mode for BF transmission may include:

[0452] Configure the weights of the two sending channels according to the target sending mode, and configure the AS / ABF module corresponding to each sending channel to perform BF sending.

[0453] Specifically, when the target transmission mode is DBF, in the uplink time slot, the weights of the two transmission channels are configured for DBF. At the same time, the AS / ABF module corresponding to each transmission channel is configured so that the transmission channel is connected to the two antennas and ABF is performed through the antenna using the optimal analog beam.

[0454] The uplink sending method provided in this embodiment has the following effects:

[0455] 1. Through the AS / ABF module, each transmission channel can correspond to two antennas, providing hardware support for uplink BF for each transmission channel.

[0456] 2. Through the AS / ABF module, two antennas correspond to two receiving channels one by one. When the terminal has four receiving channels, the terminal only needs four antennas. Figure 9 With the ABF module shown, the terminal does not need to add an antenna, saving costs.

[0457] 3. The AS / ABF module does not combine the downlink signal, and the downlink signal is passed directly. Figure 9 The ABF module shown has no impact on downlink communications.

[0458] 4. The terminal can implement uplink BF. When using four antennas to implement HBF, the maximum gain can reach 6dB.

[0459] 5. The terminal does not need the support and cooperation of the base station side and can implement uplink BF on its own.

[0460] 6. The terminal can obtain the equivalent channel gain of different transmission modes through uplink channel estimation of each antenna according to the actual channel environment, thereby adaptively selecting the optimal uplink transmission mode.

[0461] For a 2T4R / 4-antenna terminal, the channel environment and uplink transmission mode may include:

[0462] When the channels of the four antennas are relatively balanced and highly correlated, the terminal can select two TX channels and four antennas for transmission. The two TX channels use DBF transmission, utilizing the optimal digital beamformation. The two antennas connected to each TX channel use ABF transmission, utilizing the optimal analog beamformation. The signals from the four antennas can be coherently added upon reaching the base station, achieving a maximum gain of 6dB.

[0463] 2. When the channels of 3 out of 4 antennas are relatively balanced and the channel correlation is high, the terminal can select 2TX channel and 3 antennas for transmission. Figure 24For example, assuming that the channel correlation between antennas 0, 1, and 2 is high, the terminal uses antennas 0 through 2 for transmission. The optimal transmission mode for AS / ABF module 41 is ABF, using the optimal analog beam for transmission through antennas 0 and 1. The optimal transmission mode for AS / ABF module 42 is single transmission from antenna 2. DBF transmission is used between TX0 and TX1, using the optimal digital beam. Antenna 3 does not transmit signals.

[0464] 3. When the channels of two of the four antennas are relatively balanced and the channel correlation is high, the two antennas are connected to one AS / ABF module, and the terminal can select 1TX channel and 2 antennas for transmission. Figure 24 For example, assuming that the channel correlation between antenna 0 and antenna 1 is high, the terminal uses TX0 to transmit alone, using both antennas 0 and 1. The AS / ABF module 41 uses the ABF transmission mode, using the optimal simulated beamform for transmission via antennas 0 and 1. TX1 does not transmit, or in other words, antennas 2 and 3 do not transmit signals. The maximum gain can reach 3 dB.

[0465] 4. When the channels of two of the four antennas are relatively balanced and the channel correlation is high, the two antennas are connected to an AS / ABF module respectively, and the terminal can select 2TX channels and 2 antennas for transmission. Figure 24 For example, if the channel correlation between antennas 0 and 2 is high, the terminal uses antennas 0 and 2 for transmission. Specifically, DBF transmission is used between TX0 and TX1, using the optimal digital beam. For TX0, antenna 0 transmits a single signal. For TX1, antenna 2 transmits a single signal. Antennas 1 and 3 do not transmit signals. The maximum gain can reach 3dB.

[0466] 5. When only one of the four antennas has a high received signal strength, the terminal can use this antenna and the TX channel where it is located to transmit alone. The other TX channel and other antennas do not send signals.

[0467] The following combination Figure 25 The uplink BF gain of the uplink sending method provided in this embodiment is exemplified. Figure 25 The figure shows the BF gain of the 4-antenna HBF under different terminal-side incoming wave directions in the LOS channel environment. Figure 25 It can be seen from the figure that the uplink sending method provided in this embodiment has a BF gain of about 5.3 dB or more for all incoming wave directions.

[0468] Example 8

[0469] This embodiment is based on the fourth and seventh embodiments. Figure 24Taking the 2T4R / 4 antenna terminal shown as an example, a specific implementation of the uplink transmission method is provided. Figure 26 Another flow chart of the uplink sending method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 26 As shown, the uplink sending method provided in this embodiment may include:

[0470] Step 31: Receive a downlink reference signal in a downlink time slot, perform downlink channel estimation based on the downlink reference signal, and obtain a downlink channel estimation for each antenna in each transmission channel.

[0471] Step 32: Obtain phase calibration value and power calibration value through radio frequency calibration.

[0472] Step 33. For each antenna in each transmission channel, perform phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna according to the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the receiving channel where the antenna is located, and obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna.

[0473] Among them, step 31 can refer to step 11 in embodiment 3, step 32 can refer to step 12, and step 33 can refer to step 13. The principles are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0474] Step 34: For each subband within the system bandwidth, determine the maximum equivalent channel gain of the TX0 channel based on the uplink channel estimation and power calibration value.

[0475] Step 34 specifically includes steps 341 to 344 .

[0476] Step 341. For each subband, obtain multiple preset analog beams provided by the AS / ABF module 41. Determine the equivalent channel gains for BF transmission using each of the multiple preset analog beams in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation and power calibration value. The maximum value among the multiple equivalent channel gains is determined as the optimal equivalent channel gain for ABF transmission in the subband.

[0477] Step 342: For each sub-band, determine the equivalent channel gain of antenna 0 when transmitting alone in the sub-band based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0478] Step 343: For each sub-band, determine the equivalent channel gain of antenna 1 when transmitting alone in the sub-band based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0479] Step 344: For each subband, the maximum value among the equivalent channel gain when antenna 0 transmits alone, the equivalent channel gain when antenna 1 transmits alone, and the optimal equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode is taken as the maximum equivalent channel gain of the TX0 channel in the subband.

[0480] Step 35: For each subband within the system bandwidth, determine the maximum equivalent channel gain of the TX1 channel based on the uplink channel estimation and power calibration value.

[0481] Step 35 specifically includes steps 351 to 354.

[0482] Step 351. For each subband, obtain multiple preset analog beams provided by the AS / ABF module 42. Determine the equivalent channel gains for BF transmission using each of the multiple preset analog beams in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation and power calibration value. The maximum value among the multiple equivalent channel gains is determined as the optimal equivalent channel gain for ABF transmission in the subband.

[0483] Step 352: For each sub-band, determine the equivalent channel gain of antenna 2 when transmitting alone in the sub-band based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0484] Step 353: For each sub-band, determine the equivalent channel gain of antenna 3 when transmitting alone in the sub-band based on the uplink channel estimation.

[0485] Step 354: For each subband, the maximum value among the equivalent channel gain when antenna 2 transmits alone, the equivalent channel gain when antenna 3 transmits alone, and the optimal equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode is taken as the maximum equivalent channel gain of the TX1 channel in the subband.

[0486] Among them, step 34 and step 35 can refer to step 14 in embodiment 3, step 341 and step 351 can refer to step 141, step 342 and step 352 can refer to step 142, step 343 and step 353 can refer to step 143, and step 335 and step 354 can refer to step 135. This embodiment does not limit the execution order of step 34 and step 35.

[0487] Step 36: For each sub-band within the system bandwidth, determine the maximum equivalent channel gain of the 2TX channels in the sub-band according to the maximum equivalent channel gain of TX0 and the maximum equivalent channel gain of TX1.

[0488] Step 36 specifically includes steps 361 to 364.

[0489] Step 361: For each subband, obtain the phase difference between TX0 and TX1, and determine the equivalent channel gain of DBF transmission mode through TX0 and TX1 in the subband based on the uplink channel estimation and the phase difference.

[0490] Step 362: For each subband, determine the maximum equivalent channel gain of TX0 as the equivalent channel gain when TX0 is transmitted alone.

[0491] Step 363: For each subband, determine the maximum equivalent channel gain of TX1 as the equivalent channel gain when TX1 is transmitting alone.

[0492] Step 364: For each subband, the maximum value among the equivalent channel gain of TX0 when transmitting alone, the equivalent channel gain of TX1 when transmitting alone, and the equivalent channel gain of DBF transmission mode is taken as the maximum equivalent channel gain of the 2TX channel in the subband.

[0493] Step 37: Determine the target transmission mode of the uplink time slot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink time slot and the maximum equivalent channel gain of the 2TX channel in each sub-band within the system bandwidth.

[0494] Wherein, step 37 may refer to step 25 in the sixth embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, the target subband is the subband where the central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located.

[0495] Step 38. Configure two TX channels according to the target transmission mode.

[0496] Step 39. Configure the AS / ABF module 41 of TX0 according to the target transmission mode.

[0497] Step 40: Configure the AS / ABF module 42 of TX1 according to the target transmission mode.

[0498] Example 9

[0499] This embodiment further provides an uplink transmission method based on the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the terminal includes two transmission channels, one of which (referred to as the first transmission channel) only supports a single-antenna transmission mode, see the fifth embodiment. The other transmission channel (referred to as the second transmission channel) corresponds to an AS / ABF module, and the AS / ABF module is connected to two antennas. The transmission channel corresponds to the two antennas connected to the AS / ABF module or to one of the two antennas, see the seventh embodiment. This embodiment can be understood as a combination of the fifth embodiment and the seventh embodiment. For example, the terminal structure can be seen in Figure 5 Figure (b) in .

[0500] In this embodiment, for the first transmission channel, the equivalent channel gain of the single-channel transmission mode can be referred to in Example 5; for the second transmission channel, the equivalent channel gain of the single-channel transmission mode can be referred to in Example 7. In this embodiment, the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode can be referred to in Example 7.

[0501] In this embodiment, the implementation method of the target subband can refer to the seventh embodiment.

[0502] It is understandable that, in order to implement the above functions, the terminal includes hardware and / or software modules that perform the corresponding functions. In combination with the algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application in combination with the embodiments, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0503] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal can be divided into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one module. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. It should be noted that the names of the modules in the embodiment of the present application are schematic and are not limited to the names of the modules in actual implementation.

[0504] For example, Figure 27 A schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 27 As shown, the terminal provided by this embodiment may include: a channel estimation module 2701, a channel gain determination module 2702, a transmission mode determination module 2703 and a configuration module 2704.

[0505] Optionally, the terminal may further include a radio frequency calibration module for determining a phase calibration value and a power calibration value. The phase calibration value and the power calibration value can be found in the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments of the present application and will not be described in detail here.

[0506] Optionally, in one implementation, Figure 27 The terminal shown can execute the uplink sending method provided in the above embodiment 2 or embodiment 3. The terminal includes an ABF module ( Figure 27 (not shown in the figure), the ABF module is connected to two antennas, corresponding to one transmitting channel and two receiving channels, and the transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas or to one of the two antennas.

[0507] The channel estimation module 2701 is configured to obtain an uplink channel estimate for each antenna;

[0508] a channel gain determination module 2702 configured to determine, based on the uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-antenna transmission mode and an ABF transmission mode, respectively; wherein the single-antenna transmission mode is for transmission using one antenna, and the ABF transmission mode is for BF transmission using the two antennas;

[0509] The transmission mode determination module 2703 is configured to determine a target transmission mode for the uplink timeslot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively;

[0510] The configuration module 2704 is configured to configure the ABF module to perform BF transmission according to the target transmission mode if the target transmission mode is the ABF transmission mode.

[0511] Optionally, the channel estimation module 2701 includes a downlink channel estimation unit and a phase compensation unit;

[0512] a downlink channel estimation unit, configured to obtain, for each of the antennas, a downlink channel estimate of the antenna;

[0513] The phase compensation unit is used to perform phase compensation on the downlink channel estimation of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0514] Optionally, the phase compensation unit is specifically configured to:

[0515] Obtaining a phase offset of the transmitting channel and a phase offset of a target receiving channel where the antenna is located;

[0516] Phase compensation is performed on the downlink channel estimation of the antenna according to the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0517] Optionally, the channel gain determination module 2702 is specifically configured to:

[0518] Acquire a plurality of subbands within a system bandwidth, where the plurality of subbands do not overlap with each other and are combined to form the system bandwidth;

[0519] For each of the sub-bands, equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the sub-band are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

[0520] Optionally, the channel gain determination module 2702 is specifically configured to:

[0521] Acquire multiple preset simulation beams provided by the ABF module;

[0522] An equivalent channel gain when the multiple preset analog beams are respectively used to perform BF transmission in the sub-band is determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

[0523] Optionally, the sending mode determination module 2703 is specifically configured to:

[0524] Determine a target subband where a central subcarrier of an uplink scheduling bandwidth is located among the multiple subbands;

[0525] The target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined according to the to-be-transmitted data of the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the target subband.

[0526] Optionally, the sending mode determination module 2703 is specifically configured to:

[0527] Determining a maximum equivalent channel gain among equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode respectively;

[0528] If the data to be sent supports the ABF sending mode, the sending mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain is determined as the target sending mode.

[0529] Optionally, the sending mode determination module 2703 is further configured to:

[0530] If the data to be sent does not support the ABF sending mode, the target sending mode is determined to be the single antenna sending mode.

[0531] Optionally, the configuration module 2704 is further configured to:

[0532] If the target transmission mode is the single-antenna transmission mode, the ABF module is configured according to the target transmission mode to perform single-antenna transmission.

[0533] Optionally, if the data to be sent does not support the ABF sending mode, the configuration module 2704 is specifically configured to:

[0534] Determine the target antenna among the two antennas according to the antenna polling order of the AS-SRS;

[0535] The ABF module is configured according to the target antenna to perform single-antenna transmission using the target antenna.

[0536] Optionally, when the data to be sent includes an AS-SRS, or includes the AS-SRS and a CB-SRS, the data to be sent does not support the ABF sending mode;

[0537] When the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports the ABF sending mode.

[0538] Optionally, in another implementation, Figure 27 The terminal shown can execute the uplink sending method provided in the above-mentioned Embodiments 4 to 9. The terminal includes two sending channels.

[0539] The channel estimation module 2701 is configured to obtain an uplink channel estimate of the antenna corresponding to each of the transmission channels;

[0540] a channel gain determination module 2702 configured to determine, based on the uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-channel transmission mode and a DBF transmission mode, respectively; wherein the single-channel transmission mode is to use one of the transmission channels for transmission, and the DBF transmission mode is to use the two transmission channels for BF transmission;

[0541] The transmission mode determination module 2703 is configured to determine a target transmission mode for the uplink timeslot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode respectively;

[0542] The configuration module 2704 is configured to configure the weights of the two transmission channels according to the target transmission mode to perform BF transmission if the target transmission mode is the DBF transmission mode.

[0543] Optionally, the channel estimation module 2701 includes a downlink channel estimation unit and a phase compensation unit;

[0544] A downlink channel estimation unit, configured to obtain, for each of the transmission channels, a downlink channel estimation of an antenna corresponding to the transmission channel;

[0545] The phase compensation unit is used to perform phase compensation on the downlink channel estimation of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0546] Optionally, the phase compensation unit is specifically configured to:

[0547] Obtaining a phase offset of the transmitting channel and a phase offset of a target receiving channel where the antenna is located;

[0548] Phase compensation is performed on the downlink channel estimation of the antenna according to the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

[0549] Optionally, the channel gain determination module 2702 is specifically configured to:

[0550] Acquire a plurality of subbands within a system bandwidth, where the plurality of subbands do not overlap with each other and are combined to form the system bandwidth;

[0551] For each of the sub-bands, equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

[0552] Optionally, the sending mode determination module 2703 is specifically configured to:

[0553] Determining a target subband corresponding to an uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands;

[0554] The target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined according to the to-be-transmitted data of the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the target sub-band.

[0555] Optionally, each of the transmission channels only supports a single-antenna transmission mode.

[0556] Optionally, the channel gain determination module 2702 is specifically configured to:

[0557] Obtaining a phase difference between the two transmission channels in the sub-band;

[0558] An equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband is determined according to the uplink channel estimation and the phase difference.

[0559] Optionally, the target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands is located, or the target subband includes a subband occupied by the uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands.

[0560] Optionally, the terminal includes two ABF modules corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively, each of the ABF modules is connected to two antennas, and each of the transmission channels corresponds to the two antennas connected to the corresponding ABF module or to one of the two antennas.

[0561] Optionally, the channel gain determination module 2702 is specifically configured to:

[0562] For each of the transmission channels, determining, based on the uplink channel estimation, first equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-antenna transmission mode and an ABF transmission mode in the subband, respectively; the single-antenna transmission mode is to use one antenna of the transmission channel for transmission, and the ABF transmission mode is to use two antennas of the transmission channel for BF transmission;

[0563] Determine the maximum value of the first equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode as the second equivalent channel gain of the transmission channel;

[0564] Determine the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively as the equivalent channel gains of the single-channel transmission mode in the sub-band;

[0565] An equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band is determined according to the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively.

[0566] Optionally, the channel gain determination module 2702 is specifically configured to:

[0567] Obtaining a phase difference between the two transmitting channels in the sub-band according to second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmitting channels respectively;

[0568] An equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band is determined according to the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels and the phase difference.

[0569] Optionally, the target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located among the multiple subbands.

[0570] Optionally, the configuration module 2704 is specifically configured to:

[0571] The weights of the two sending channels are configured according to the target sending mode, and the ABF module corresponding to each sending channel is configured to perform BF sending.

[0572] Optionally, the sending mode determination module 2703 is further configured to:

[0573] Determining a maximum equivalent channel gain among equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode respectively;

[0574] If the data to be sent supports the DBF sending mode, the sending mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain is determined as the target sending mode.

[0575] Optionally, when the data to be sent includes an AS-SRS, or includes the AS-SRS and a CB-SRS, the data to be sent does not support the DBF sending mode;

[0576] When the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports the DBF sending mode.

[0577] Please refer to Figure 28, which shows a structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device can be a terminal in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device includes: a processor 2801, a receiver 2802, a transmitter 2803, a memory 2804 and a bus 2805. The processor 2801 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 2801 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules. The receiver 2802 and the transmitter 2803 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a baseband chip. The memory 2804 is connected to the processor 2801 via the bus 2805. The memory 2804 can be used to store at least one program instruction, and the processor 2801 is used to execute at least one program instruction to implement the technical solution of the above embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar to those of the above method-related embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0578] When an electronic device is powered on, the processor reads the software program in the memory, interprets and executes the instructions of the software program, and processes the data in the software program. When data needs to be sent via the antenna, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs the baseband signal to the control circuit in the control circuit. The control circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and transmits the radio frequency signal outward through the antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves. When data is sent to the electronic device, the control circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor. The processor converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0579] Those skilled in the art will understand that for ease of explanation, Figure 28 Only one memory and processor are shown. In actual electronic devices, there may be multiple processors and memories. The memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0580] As an optional implementation, the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor is primarily responsible for processing communication data, while the CPU is primarily responsible for executing software programs and processing data from the software programs. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the baseband processor and the CPU may be integrated into a single processor or may be separate processors interconnected via a bus or other technology. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that electronic devices may include multiple baseband processors to accommodate different network standards, multiple CPUs to enhance their processing capabilities, and that the various components of electronic devices may be connected via various buses. The baseband processor may also be referred to as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip. The CPU may also be referred to as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip. The functionality for processing communication protocols and communication data may be built into the processor or stored in a memory as a software program, which is then executed by the processor to implement the baseband processing functionality. The memory may be integrated into the processor or independent of the processor. The memory includes a cache to store frequently accessed data / instructions.

[0581] In the embodiments of the present application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented as being executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0582] In the embodiments of the present application, the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SS), or a volatile memory, such as a random-access memory (RAM). The memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, without limitation.

[0583] The memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function, for storing program instructions and / or data. The methods provided in the various embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiments of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a digital video disc (DWD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., an SSD), etc.

[0584] The present application provides a computer program product that, when executed on a terminal, enables the terminal to execute the technical solution in the above embodiment. The implementation principle and technical effects are similar to those of the above related embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0585] The embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which program instructions are stored. When the program instructions are executed by a terminal, the terminal executes the technical solution of the above-mentioned embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar to those of the above-mentioned related embodiments and will not be repeated here. In summary, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the above-mentioned embodiments, or to replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of each embodiment of the present application.

Claims

1. An uplink sending method, characterized in that: Applied to a terminal, the terminal includes an analog beamforming (ABF) module, the ABF module is connected to two antennas, corresponding to one transmitting channel and two receiving channels, the transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas or corresponds to one of the two antennas, the ABF module includes a power splitter, and is used to output a first signal and a second signal to the two antennas according to a signal to be transmitted received from the transmitting channel according to a control signal when the transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas. The ABF module is also used to control the two receiving channels to be connected to the two antennas in a one-to-one correspondence during downlink communication, and each receiving channel obtains a received signal from the corresponding antenna. The method includes: Obtaining an uplink channel estimate for each of the antennas; Determining, based on the uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-antenna transmission mode and an ABF transmission mode, respectively; the single-antenna transmission mode is to use one antenna for transmission, and the ABF transmission mode is to use the two antennas for beamforming (BF) transmission; Determining a target transmission mode for the uplink timeslot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot, and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively; If the target sending mode is the ABF sending mode, the ABF module is configured according to the target sending mode to perform BF sending.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining of an uplink channel estimate for each antenna includes: For each of the antennas, obtaining a downlink channel estimate for the antenna; Phase compensation is performed on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain an uplink channel estimate of the antenna.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The performing phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna includes: Obtaining a phase offset of the transmitting channel and a phase offset of a target receiving channel where the antenna is located; Phase compensation is performed on the downlink channel estimation of the antenna according to the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining, according to the uplink channel estimation, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, includes: Acquire a plurality of subbands within a system bandwidth, where the plurality of subbands do not overlap with each other and are combined to form the system bandwidth; For each of the sub-bands, equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the sub-band are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Determining an equivalent channel gain of the ABF transmission mode in the subband according to the uplink channel estimation includes: Acquire multiple preset simulation beams provided by the ABF module; An equivalent channel gain when the multiple preset analog beams are respectively used to perform BF transmission in the sub-band is determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The determining, according to the data to be sent in the uplink timeslot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, of the target transmission mode of the uplink timeslot includes: Determine a target subband where a central subcarrier of an uplink scheduling bandwidth is located among the multiple subbands; The target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined according to the to-be-transmitted data of the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode in the target subband.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The determining, according to the data to be sent in the uplink timeslot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode, respectively, of the target transmission mode of the uplink timeslot includes: Determining a maximum equivalent channel gain among equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode respectively; If the data to be sent supports the ABF sending mode, the sending mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain is determined as the target sending mode.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Also includes: If the data to be sent does not support the ABF sending mode, the target sending mode is determined to be the single antenna sending mode.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that Also includes: If the target transmission mode is the single-antenna transmission mode, the ABF module is configured according to the target transmission mode to perform single-antenna transmission.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that If the data to be sent does not support the ABF sending mode, configuring the ABF module according to the target sending mode to perform single-antenna sending includes: Determine the target antenna from the two antennas according to the antenna polling order in which the antennas transmit the sounding reference signal AS-SRS in turn; The ABF module is configured according to the target antenna to perform single-antenna transmission using the target antenna.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The data to be sent includes AS-SRS, and the data to be sent does not support the ABF sending mode; When the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports the ABF sending mode.

12. An uplink sending method, characterized in that: Applied to a terminal, the terminal includes two transmitting channels, the terminal includes two analog beamforming ABF modules corresponding to the two transmitting channels, each of the ABF modules is connected to two antennas, and each transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas connected to the corresponding ABF module or corresponds to one of the two antennas. The ABF module includes a power splitter for outputting a first signal and a second signal to the two antennas according to a signal to be transmitted received from the transmitting channel according to a control signal when the transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas. The ABF module is further used to control the two receiving channels to be connected to the two antennas in a one-to-one correspondence during downlink communication, and each receiving channel obtains a received signal from the corresponding antenna. The method includes: Obtaining an uplink channel estimate for the antenna corresponding to each of the transmitting channels; Determining, based on the uplink channel estimation, equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-channel transmission mode and a digital beamforming (DBF) transmission mode, respectively; the single-channel transmission mode is to use one of the transmission channels for transmission, and the DBF transmission mode is to use the two transmission channels for beamforming (BF) transmission; Determining a target transmission mode for the uplink timeslot according to the data to be transmitted in the uplink timeslot, and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode respectively; If the target sending mode is the DBF sending mode, the weights of the two sending channels are configured according to the target sending mode to perform BF sending.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The obtaining of an uplink channel estimate of an antenna corresponding to each of the transmitting channels includes: For each of the transmission channels, obtaining a downlink channel estimate of the antenna corresponding to the transmission channel; Phase compensation is performed on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain an uplink channel estimate of the antenna.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The performing phase compensation on the downlink channel estimate of the antenna to obtain the uplink channel estimate of the antenna includes: Obtaining a phase offset of the transmitting channel and a phase offset of a target receiving channel where the antenna is located; Phase compensation is performed on the downlink channel estimation of the antenna according to the phase offset of the transmission channel and the phase offset of the target receiving channel to obtain the uplink channel estimation of the antenna.

15. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The determining, according to the uplink channel estimation, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode, respectively, includes: Acquire a plurality of subbands within a system bandwidth, where the plurality of subbands do not overlap with each other and are combined to form the system bandwidth; For each of the sub-bands, equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band are determined according to the uplink channel estimation.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The determining, according to the data to be sent in the uplink time slot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel sending mode and the DBF sending mode, a target sending mode for the uplink time slot, includes: Determining a target subband corresponding to an uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands; The target transmission mode of the uplink time slot is determined according to the to-be-transmitted data of the uplink time slot and the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the target sub-band.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that Each of the transmission channels only supports a single-antenna transmission mode.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that Determining an equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband according to the uplink channel estimation includes: Obtaining a phase difference between the two transmission channels in the sub-band; An equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the subband is determined according to the uplink channel estimation and the phase difference.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein The target subband is a subband where a central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located among the multiple subbands, or the target subband includes a subband occupied by the uplink scheduling bandwidth among the multiple subbands.

20. The method according to claim 16, wherein The determining, according to the uplink channel estimation, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode in the subband, respectively, includes: For each of the transmission channels, determining, based on the uplink channel estimation, first equivalent channel gains corresponding to a single-antenna transmission mode and an ABF transmission mode in the subband, respectively; the single-antenna transmission mode is to use one antenna of the transmission channel for transmission, and the ABF transmission mode is to use two antennas of the transmission channel for BF transmission; Determine the maximum value of the first equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single antenna transmission mode and the ABF transmission mode as the second equivalent channel gain of the transmission channel; Determine the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively as the equivalent channel gains of the single-channel transmission mode in the sub-band; An equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band is determined according to the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The determining, according to the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels respectively, the equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band includes: Obtaining a phase difference between the two transmitting channels in the sub-band according to second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmitting channels respectively; An equivalent channel gain of the DBF transmission mode in the sub-band is determined according to the second equivalent channel gains corresponding to the two transmission channels and the phase difference.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The target subband is a subband where the central subcarrier of the uplink scheduling bandwidth is located among the multiple subbands.

23. The method according to claim 12, wherein: Configuring the weights of the two sending channels according to the target sending mode to perform BF sending includes: The weights of the two sending channels are configured according to the target sending mode, and the ABF module corresponding to each sending channel is configured to perform BF sending.

24. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that The determining, according to the data to be sent in the uplink time slot, the equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel sending mode and the DBF sending mode, a target sending mode for the uplink time slot, includes: Determining a maximum equivalent channel gain among equivalent channel gains corresponding to the single-channel transmission mode and the DBF transmission mode respectively; If the data to be sent supports the DBF sending mode, the sending mode corresponding to the maximum equivalent channel gain is determined as the target sending mode.

25. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that When the data to be sent includes an antenna-switched sounding reference signal AS-SRS, the data to be sent does not support the DBF sending mode; When the data to be sent includes at least one of uplink control information, uplink data and CB-SRS, the data to be sent supports the DBF sending mode.

26. An analog beamforming (ABF) module, characterized in that: The ABF module is connected to two antennas, corresponding to one transmitting channel and two receiving channels. The transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas or to one of the two antennas, and the two receiving channels correspond one-to-one to the two antennas. The ABF module is also used to control the two receiving channels to be connected to the two antennas in a one-to-one correspondence during downlink communication, and each receiving channel obtains the received signal of the corresponding antenna. The ABF module includes: A control port for receiving a control signal; a switch, configured to control the connection between the transmitting channel, the receiving channel, and the antenna; a power splitter, configured to output a first signal and a second signal to the two antennas respectively according to the to-be-transmitted signal received from the transmitting channel, when the transmitting channel corresponds to the two antennas, according to the control signal; A phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of the first signal and / or the second signal according to the control signal, so that the two antennas perform beamforming BF transmission.

27. The ABF module according to claim 26, characterized in that The two antennas include a first antenna and a second antenna; The power divider is configured to output the first signal to the first antenna and output the second signal to the phase shifter according to the signal to be transmitted; The phase shifter is configured to adjust the phase of the second signal according to the control signal, and output the phase-adjusted second signal to the second antenna.

28. The ABF module according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that The first signal and the second signal have the same power.

29. A terminal, characterized in that: The terminal includes a processor and an analog beamforming (ABF) module according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein the processor is coupled to a memory, reads instructions in the memory, and enables the terminal to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 according to the instructions.

30. A terminal, characterized in that: The terminal includes a processor, which is coupled to a memory, reads instructions in the memory, and enables the terminal to execute the method according to any one of claims 12 to 25 according to the instructions.

31. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed on an electronic device, the electronic device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, or executes the method according to any one of claims 12 to 25.

32. A computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on a terminal, the terminal is enabled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, or the method according to any one of claims 12 to 25.

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