A column workpiece straightening device and a straightening method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a column workpiece straightening device and a straightening method. The column workpiece straightening device includes a driving assembly and a straightening assembly. The column workpiece includes a bottom plate and a column. The driving assembly includes a turnover mechanism and a clamping mechanism. The turnover mechanism can drive the clamping mechanism to turnover around the column. The straightening assembly includes a straightening rod and a straightening head. The straightening head can follow the straightening rod to turnover. The turnover trajectory of the straightening head can surround the column. The side wall of the straightening head can repeatedly press on the inclined side wall of the column workpiece. The driving assembly further includes a self-rotation mechanism, and the self-rotation mechanism can drive the straightening rod to spin. The straightening method uses the column workpiece straightening device as described above to straighten the column workpiece. By adopting the present invention, the column workpiece can be automatically straightened, with high straightening efficiency, and wear of the column workpiece can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, and particularly relates to a column workpiece straightening device and a straightening method. Background Art

[0002] Column workpieces are common mechanical components. Some existing column workpieces are integrally formed by casting. After forming, machining holes need to be machined at the top of the column of the column workpiece. However, during the casting process, due to reasons such as insufficient strength, bottom plate deformation, and stress extrusion, the column is prone to deformation such as inclination and bending. At this time, if machining is performed on the deformed column, the machining holes will be eccentric and inclined with the column, and finally rework or scrapping is required. Therefore, after the column workpiece is cast and formed, the column workpiece needs to be straightened. There are usually two existing straightening methods. One is the manual straightening method, that is, using tools such as inspection tools, molds, and tooling hammers to measure and strike the column workpiece for straightening. However, this method has high requirements for the working skills of personnel, low work efficiency, and low product qualification rate; the other method is to increase the machining allowance of the blank, and after casting and forming, then use machining to perform a material reduction process on the deformed and inclined parts to obtain qualified products, and this method increases the consumption of materials and will increase the cost of the enterprise. Both of these methods cannot automatically straighten the column workpiece, have low work efficiency, and may also cause waste of materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a column workpiece straightening device that can automatically straighten the column workpiece, has high straightening efficiency, and can also avoid wear of the column workpiece.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a straightening method that can automatically straighten the column workpiece and has the effect of copying and moving, with good straightening effect.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a column workpiece straightening device for straightening a column workpiece, including a fixed seat, a driving assembly, and a straightening assembly. The column workpiece includes a bottom plate and a column, the column stands on the bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixed on the fixed seat, the driving assembly includes a turnover mechanism and a clamping mechanism, the turnover mechanism is arranged above the column workpiece, the clamping mechanism is connected to the turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism can drive the clamping mechanism to turnover around the column.

[0006] The shape-correcting component includes a shape-correcting rod and a shape-correcting head. The shape-correcting rod is vertically arranged. One end of the shape-correcting rod is connected to the clamping mechanism, and the other end is connected to the shape-correcting head. The shape-correcting head can rotate with the shape-correcting rod. The rotation trajectory of the shape-correcting head can surround the column. When the shape-correcting head rotates, the side wall of the shape-correcting head can repeatedly press on the side wall of the inclined side of the column workpiece.

[0007] As an improvement of the above solution, the driving component further includes a self-rotation mechanism. The self-rotation mechanism is fixed on the rotation mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is fixed on the self-rotation mechanism. The self-rotation mechanism can drive the shape-correcting rod to rotate.

[0008] As an improvement of the above solution, the shape-correcting head includes a fixed layer and a movable layer. The fixed layer is fixedly connected to the shape-correcting rod. The movable layer is sleeved outside the fixed layer. The movable layer is slidably connected to the fixed layer, and the movable layer can rotate relative to the fixed layer.

[0009] As an improvement of the above solution, a buffer layer is provided between the fixed layer and the shape-correcting rod. The inner ring of the buffer layer is sleeved on the shape-correcting rod. The buffer layer has elasticity, and the fixed layer is fixed on the outer ring of the buffer layer.

[0010] As an improvement of the above solution, the driving component further includes a lifting mechanism. The self-rotation mechanism is fixed on the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism can drive the self-rotation mechanism to drive the shape-correcting rod to move up and down.

[0011] As an improvement of the above solution, the projection of the top surface of the column on the bottom plate is within the circular range at the connection of the column and the bottom plate. The longitudinal section of the movable layer is an inverted cone with a wider top and a narrower bottom.

[0012] The diameter of the shape-correcting head is larger than the diameter of the shape-correcting rod.

[0013] The present invention also provides a shape-correcting method. The column workpiece is shape-corrected by using the column workpiece shape-correcting device as described above. The shape-correcting steps are as follows:

[0014] a) Establish a reference vertical line at the center of the bottom surface of the column of the column workpiece. The reference vertical line is perpendicular to the bottom plate of the column workpiece and passes through the column upward. Measure the inclination angle α between the central axis of the column and the reference vertical line, the height h of the column, and the radius r1 of the bottom surface of the column.

[0015] b) Fix the bottom plate with a fixing seat.

[0016] c) Drive the shape-correcting rod and the shape-correcting head to descend so that the distance from the central plane of the shape-correcting head to the surface of the bottom plate is k.

[0017] d) Set the circumferential radius R and circumferential angular velocity of the sizing rod, so that the sizing rod makes a revolution around the reference vertical line according to the circumferential radius R;

[0018] e) Set the self-rotation angular velocity of the sizing head. While making a revolution along with the sizing rod, the sizing head rotates itself. During the revolution and self-rotation of the sizing head, the sizing head repeatedly collides and presses the column.

[0019] As an improvement of the above solution, the circumferential radius R of the sizing rod = r1 + r2 - k * tanα, where r1 ≤ 15 mm.

[0020] As an improvement of the above solution, during the process that the sizing head repeatedly collides and presses the column during revolution and self-rotation, the following steps are further included:

[0021] When the sizing head revolves around the reference vertical line, the lifting mechanism drives the sizing head to gradually descend, so that the distance from the central plane of the sizing head to the surface of the bottom plate gradually decreases. The distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the sizing head is m. After the sizing head makes one revolution, the distance from the central plane of the sizing head to the surface of the bottom plate is k - △k, where △k = m / 2 * k / h.

[0022] As an improvement of the above solution, the circumferential radius R of the sizing rod = r1 + r2 - k * tanα + d, where d is the interference amount of the clearance between the sizing head and the column, and d ≤ k * tanα / 2.

[0023] Implementing the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The column workpiece sizing device of the present invention is provided with a driving component and a sizing component. The column workpiece includes a bottom plate and a column. An inclined included angle is formed between the column and the vertical line of the bottom plate. The driving component includes a revolving mechanism and a clamping mechanism. The sizing component includes a sizing rod and a sizing head. The sizing rod and the sizing head are connected to each other. The revolving mechanism can drive the sizing rod to drive the sizing head to revolve around the column. During the revolution, due to the inclination of the column, the sizing head can repeatedly generate extrusion collisions with the side wall of the inclined side of the column workpiece. Under the action of the extrusion force, the column workpiece can gradually recover towards the other side, and other deformations, bends, etc. can also gradually recover under the action of the extrusion force, so that the inclined and deformed column is gradually corrected to a vertical state, realizing automatic sizing.

[0025] While the correction head revolves around the column, it can also rotate under the drive of the rotation mechanism. When colliding with the column, it can generate a greater collision extrusion force and a higher collision frequency, so that the column can return to a vertical state more quickly, thereby increasing the correction efficiency.

[0026] In addition, the correction head includes a fixed layer and a movable layer. The movable layer can rotate relative to the fixed layer. When the movable layer collides with the side wall of the column, the movable layer rolls on the side wall of the column, thereby converting sliding friction into rolling friction, which can avoid wear and deformation of the column as much as possible, thereby better protecting the column workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the column workpiece shape correction device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a partial view of the shape correction component and the column workpiece of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the correction head of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the moving trajectory of the correction head in the correction method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby stated that the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, etc. that appear or will appear in the text of the present invention are only based on the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and are not specific limitations of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a column workpiece straightening device for straightening a column workpiece 4. The column workpiece straightening device includes a fixed seat 3, a driving assembly 1, and a straightening assembly 2. The column workpiece 4 includes a bottom plate 42 and a column 41. The column 41 is inclined and stands on the bottom plate 42. The column 41 and the bottom plate 42 are integrally formed. The column 41 should be perpendicular to the bottom plate 42, but due to reasons such as insufficient strength, deformation of the bottom plate 42, and stress extrusion, the column 41 is inclined with respect to the bottom plate 42. Specifically, the column 41 is inclined with respect to the vertical line at the connection between the bottom plate 42 and the column 41, and this vertical line is set as the reference vertical line L. The column workpiece straightening device is used to straighten the column 41 to the position of the reference vertical line L. The bottom plate 42 is fixed on the fixed seat 3, and the fixed seat 3 can be a tooling fixture. The driving assembly 1 includes a turnover mechanism 11 and a clamping mechanism 12. The turnover mechanism 11 is arranged above the column workpiece 4, and the clamping mechanism 12 is connected to the turnover mechanism 11. The turnover mechanism 11 can drive the clamping mechanism 12 to turnover around the vertical line of the bottom plate 42. The clamping mechanism 12 is connected to the straightening assembly 2. Specifically, the turnover mechanism 11 can drive the clamping mechanism 12 to drive the straightening assembly 2 to turnover and move around the reference vertical line L.

[0033] The straightening assembly 2 includes a straightening rod 21 and a straightening head 22. The straightening rod 21 is vertically arranged. One end of the straightening rod 21 is connected to the clamping mechanism 12, and the other end is connected to the straightening head 22. The clamping mechanism 12 can drive the straightening rod 21 and the straightening head 22 to move. Therefore, the straightening head 22 can follow the straightening rod 21 to turnover. During turnover, the turnover trajectory of the straightening head 22 can surround the column 41. The cross-sections of both the straightening head 22 and the column 41 are circular. When the straightening head 22 is turning over, the side wall of the straightening head 22 can repeatedly press on the side wall of the inclined side of the column workpiece 4, thereby straightening the inclined side of the column 41 and gradually correcting the column 41 to the position of the reference vertical line L. To avoid interference between the straightening rod 21 and the column 41, the diameter of the straightening head 22 is larger than the diameter of the straightening rod 21.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, the column workpiece straightening device is provided with a driving component 1 and a straightening component 2. The column workpiece 4 includes a bottom plate 42 and a column 41. An inclined angle is formed between the column 41 and the vertical line of the bottom plate 42. The driving component 1 includes a turnover mechanism 11 and a clamping mechanism 12. The straightening component 2 includes a straightening rod 21 and a straightening head 22. The straightening rod 21 and the straightening head 22 are connected to each other. The turnover mechanism 11 can drive the straightening rod 21 to drive the straightening head 22 to turnover around the column 41. During the turnover process, since the column 41 is inclined, the straightening head 22 can repeatedly collide with the side wall of the inclined side of the column workpiece 4. Under the action of the extrusion force, the column workpiece 4 can gradually recover towards the other side, and other deformations, bends, etc. can also gradually recover under the action of the extrusion force. Thus, the inclined and deformed column 41 is gradually corrected to a vertical state, realizing automatic straightening.

[0035] During the turnover process of the straightening head 22, the straightening head 22 will collide with the side of the column 41, and the extrusion force generated by the collision will make the column 41 approach the reference vertical line L. In order to further increase the extrusion force and extrusion frequency generated by the collision, the driving component 1 further includes a self-rotation mechanism 13. The self-rotation mechanism 13 is fixed on the turnover mechanism 11, and the clamping mechanism 12 is fixed on the self-rotation mechanism 13. The self-rotation mechanism 13 can drive the straightening rod 21 and the straightening head 22 to rotate. During the rotation process, when the straightening head 22 collides with the side of the column 41, a reaction force will be generated on the straightening head 22, and the reaction force acts on the side of the column 41, thereby generating a greater collision extrusion force. Moreover, the collision extrusion force will generate a periodic collision on the column 41 with the rotation frequency of the straightening head 22, thereby increasing the collision frequency and further improving the straightening efficiency.

[0036] See Figure 3, when the sizing head 22 and the column 41 collide, friction will occur between the side wall of the sizing head 22 and the column 41. When the collision extrusion force is large enough, the friction force will also increase accordingly, and the sizing head 22 will cause wear on the column 41. To protect the column 41, the sizing head 22 includes a fixed layer 221 and a movable layer 222. The fixed layer 221 is fixedly connected to the sizing rod 21. The movable layer 222 is sleeved outside the fixed layer 221, and the movable layer 222 is slidably connected to the fixed layer 221. The movable layer 222 can rotate relative to the fixed layer 221. When the sizing head 22 collides with the column 41, under the friction force of the column 41, relative sliding will occur between the movable layer 222 and the fixed layer 221, so that the sliding friction between the movable layer 222 and the column 41 is converted into rolling friction, greatly reducing the friction force. While retaining the collision impact force, the friction generated by the movable layer 222 on the column 41 is weakened, thereby preventing the column 41 from being worn. At the same time, to protect the sizing head 22 and the sizing rod 21, a buffer layer 223 is provided between the fixed layer 221 and the sizing rod 21. The inner ring of the buffer layer 223 is sleeved on the sizing rod 21. The buffer layer 223 has elasticity. The fixed layer 221 is fixed on the outer ring of the buffer layer 223. When the sizing head 22 impacts the column 41, the sizing head 22 can be buffered by the buffer layer 223, reducing the impact of the collision on the sizing rod 21 and the sizing head 22, thereby extending the service life.

[0037] The projection of the top surface of the column 41 on the bottom plate 42 is within the circular range of the connection between the column 41 and the bottom plate 42. Therefore, the sizing head 22 can touch the column 41 during the turnover process, so that the sizing head 22 can size the column 41 by turnover. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the column 41 gradually increases from top to bottom. To further reduce the wear of the sizing head 22 on the column 41, the longitudinal section of the movable layer 222 is an inverted cone with a wider top and a narrower bottom. The upper side edge of the movable layer 222 will not cause impact deformation to the column 41, thereby protecting the column 41.

[0038] Further, in order to perform full - range shaping on the column 41, the driving assembly 1 further includes a lifting mechanism 14. The rotation mechanism 13 is fixed on the lifting mechanism 14, and the lifting mechanism 14 can drive the rotation mechanism 13 to drive the shaping rod 21 to move up and down. During use, the shaping head 22 first shapes the side part of the column 41 at a certain horizontal height. After rotating a certain number of turns, the lifting mechanism 14 drives the shaping head 22 to descend a little height to shape the lower part of the column 41, and so on in sequence, so as to correct the entire column 41 to the position of the reference vertical line L. Through reasonable setting, the shaping head 22 can correct all the curved surfaces on the side of the inclined side of the column 41 one by one, and can rotate different numbers of turns according to the different strengths at different heights of the column 41. For the upper - middle part with lower strength, it can rotate fewer turns, so that the upper - middle part of the column 41 can deviate towards the reference vertical line L. For the lower - middle part with higher strength, it can rotate more turns to gradually complete the correction of the lower - middle part. Therefore, the lifting mechanism 14 combined with the rotation mechanism 11 can quickly correct the column 41 as a whole, with high correction efficiency and good correction effect.

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a shaping method, which uses the column workpiece shaping device as described above to shape the column workpiece 4. The shaping steps are as follows:

[0040] a) Establish a reference vertical line L at the center of the bottom surface of the column 41 of the column workpiece 4. The reference vertical line L is perpendicular to the bottom plate 42 of the column workpiece 4 and passes upward through the column 41. The purpose of the shaping method of the embodiment of the present invention is to correct the column 41 to the reference vertical line L. Measure the inclination angle α between the central axis of the column 41 and the reference vertical line L, the height h of the column 41, and the radius r1 of the bottom surface of the column 41. The diameter of the cross - section of the column 41 gradually increases from top to bottom, and the projection of the top surface of the column 41 on the bottom plate 42 is within the circular range at the connection of the column 41 and the bottom plate 42.

[0041] b) Fix the bottom plate 42 using the fixing seat 3. The fixing seat 3 can be a tooling fixture.

[0042] It should be noted that the order of a) and b) is not in sequence. It can either measure each value first and then fix the bottom plate 42, or fix the bottom plate 42 first and then measure each value. In this embodiment, it is easier to measure each value before fixing the bottom plate 42, so the order of measuring first and then fixing is adopted. In other embodiments, after fixing the bottom plate 42, electronic components can be used to measure each value.

[0043] c) Drive the straightening rod 21 and the straightening head 22 to descend so that the distance from the central plane of the straightening head 22 to the surface of the bottom plate 42 is k.

[0044] The lifting mechanism 14 drives the straightening rod 21 and the straightening head 22 to descend. First, the central plane of the straightening head 22 can be aligned with the upper surface of the column 41. At this time, the distance k from the central plane of the straightening head 22 to the surface of the bottom plate 42 is close to the height h of the column 41.

[0045] d) Set the circumferential radius R and the circumferential angular velocity of the straightening rod 21 so that the straightening rod 21 makes a circumferential movement around the reference vertical line L according to the circumferential radius R.

[0046] The circumferential mechanism 11 drives the straightening rod 21 to make a circumferential movement around the reference vertical line L. The circumferential trajectory of the straightening rod 21 can surround the column 41. Since the column 41 is inclined, during the circumferential movement, the straightening head 22 can repeatedly collide with the side wall of the inclined side of the column workpiece 4. Under the action of the extrusion force, the column workpiece 4 can gradually recover towards the other side, and other deformations, bends, etc. can also gradually recover under the action of the extrusion force, so that the inclined and deformed column 41 is gradually corrected to a vertical state to achieve automatic straightening.

[0047] e) Set the self-rotation angular velocity of the straightening head 22. While making a circumferential movement along with the straightening rod 21, the straightening head 22 rotates itself. During the circumferential movement and self-rotation of the straightening head 22, it repeatedly collides and extrudes the column 41.

[0048] The self-rotation mechanism 13 drives the straightening head 22 to rotate. During the rotation, when the straightening head 22 collides with the side part of the column 41, a reaction force will be generated on the straightening head 22. The reaction force acts on the side part of the column 41, thereby generating a greater collision and extrusion force. Moreover, the collision and extrusion force will generate a periodic collision on the column 41 with the self-rotation frequency of the straightening head 22, thereby increasing the collision frequency and further improving the straightening efficiency.

[0049] The shaping head 22 should be able to continuously contact and collide with the inclined side of the column 41. To ensure that the shaping head 22 can contact the column 41, the turning radius of the shaping head 22 should be set within a reasonable range. Specifically, the turning radius R of the shaping head 22 and the shaping rod 21 is R = r1 + r2 - k * tanα. When the shaping head 22 is located on one side of the top of the column 41, the distance k from the center plane of the shaping head 22 to the surface of the bottom plate 42 is k = h. At this time, the turning radius R of the shaping head 22 and the shaping rod 21 is R = r1 + r2 - h * tanα. As the height of the shaping head 22 continuously decreases, the value of k gradually decreases, and the value of R gradually increases. The increasing amplitude of the R value is related to the inclination angle α of the column 41 itself and also related to the lifting height. Therefore, the shaping head 22 moves according to the shape of the column 41 itself and the position to be shaped, having the effect of profiling movement. When the shaping head 22 is located on the bottom plate 42, the distance between the central axis of the shaping head 22 and the center of the connection between the column 41 and the bottom plate 42 is r1 + r2, and at this time k = 0, R = r1 + r2. The turning radius of the shaping head 22 is equal to the distance between the central axis of the shaping head 22 and the center of the connection between the column 41 and the bottom plate 42. The term k * tanα is the distance difference between the column 41 and the reference vertical line L, that is, the distance that the shaping head 22 needs to extrude and push the column 41. According to the turning radius R = r1 + r2 - k * tanα of the shaping head 22 for turning, the shaping head 22 can make distance compensation for profiling the side parts of the column 41 at various heights while moving up and down according to the shape of the column 41, so it has a better profiling and shaping effect.

[0050] In this embodiment, the value range of r1 is r1 ≤ 15 mm. The diameter of the cross-section of the column 41 gradually increases from top to bottom. If r1 is greater than 15 mm, the shaping effect will be greatly weakened due to the column 41 being too thick and having too high strength.

[0051] In order to obtain a better profiling effect and enable the profiling head 22 to profile the entire column 41, when the profiling head 22 rotates around the reference vertical line L, the lifting mechanism 14 can drive the profiling head 22 to gradually descend, so that the distance from the central plane of the profiling head 22 to the surface of the bottom plate 42 gradually decreases. In actual profiling, since the strength of the upper and middle parts of the column 41 is relatively small and the distance from it to the reference vertical line L is relatively large, through a small number of rotations, the upper and middle parts of the column 41 can be offset towards the reference vertical line L. At this time, the upper and middle parts of the column 41 do not completely coincide with the reference vertical line L. Subsequently, the profiling head 22 continues to descend to profile the lower and middle parts of the column 41. Since the strength of the lower and middle parts is relatively high, the profiling head 22 needs to rotate more circles to gradually offset the lower and middle parts towards the reference vertical line L. By controlling the lifting of the profiling head 22, the profiling head 22 can profile different height parts of the column 41 and can adjust the number of rotation circles according to the strength of different height parts, having a better profiling effect.

[0052] Further, the distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the profiling head 22 is m. After each rotation of the profiling head 22, the distance from the central plane of the profiling head 22 to the surface of the bottom plate 42 is k - △k, where △k = m / 2 * k / h. The descending distance of the profiling head 22 is △k, where △k is related to the height at which the profiling head 22 is located. When the profiling head 22 is at a relatively upper position in the column 41, the value of k / h is larger, so that △k is larger. Therefore, the profiling head 22 descends a greater distance, so that the rotation trajectory of the profiling head 22 at a relatively upper position in the column 41 is "sparser", which is equivalent to the profiling head 22 rotating fewer circles. When the profiling head 22 is at a relatively lower position in the column 41, the value of k / h is smaller, so that △k is smaller. Therefore, the profiling head 22 descends a smaller distance, so that the rotation trajectory of the profiling head 22 at a relatively upper position in the column 41 is "denser", which is equivalent to the profiling head 22 rotating more circles. Thus, referring to Figure 4 , the profiling head 22 can form a tapered threaded rotation trajectory line that is sparse at the top and dense at the bottom around the column 41.

[0053] Furthermore, since the sizing head 22 gradually rotates to the bottom of the column 41 from top to bottom, when the sizing head 22 collides and extrudes the middle and lower parts of the column 41, the middle and lower parts of the column 41 will drive the middle and upper parts of the column 41 to move and shift, so that the central axis of the column 41 finally coincides with the reference vertical line L. Therefore, when the sizing head 22 sizes the column 41, a clearance interference amount needs to be left. At the same time, the clearance interference amount also enables the sizing head 22 to control the distance from the surface of the column 41. Under the condition of considering the clearance interference amount, the turning radius R of the sizing rod 21 = r1 + r2 - k * tanα + d, where d is the clearance interference amount between the sizing head 22 and the column 41, and d ≤ k * tanα / 2.

[0054] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A column workpiece straightening device for straightening column workpieces, characterized in that, It includes a fixed seat, a driving component and a shape-correcting component. The column workpiece includes a bottom plate and a column. The column stands on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is fixed on the fixed seat. The driving component includes a turnover mechanism and a clamping mechanism. The turnover mechanism is arranged above the column workpiece, and the clamping mechanism is connected to the turnover mechanism. The turnover mechanism can drive the clamping mechanism to turnover around the column. The shape-correcting component includes a shape-correcting rod and a shape-correcting head. The shape-correcting rod is vertically arranged. One end of the shape-correcting rod is connected to the clamping mechanism, and the other end is connected to the shape-correcting head. The shape-correcting head can follow the shape-correcting rod to turnover. The turnover trajectory of the shape-correcting head can surround the column. When the shape-correcting head is turning over, the side wall of the shape-correcting head can repeatedly press on the side wall of the inclined side of the column workpiece. The driving component further includes a self-rotation mechanism. The self-rotation mechanism is fixed on the turnover mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is fixed on the self-rotation mechanism. The self-rotation mechanism can drive the shape-correcting rod to spin. The shape-correcting head includes a fixed layer and a movable layer. The fixed layer is fixedly connected to the shape-correcting rod. The movable layer is sleeved outside the fixed layer, and the movable layer is slidably connected to the fixed layer. The movable layer can rotate relative to the fixed layer. A buffer layer is arranged between the fixed layer and the shape-correcting rod. The inner ring of the buffer layer is sleeved on the shape-correcting rod. The buffer layer has elasticity, and the fixed layer is fixed on the outer ring of the buffer layer.

2. The column workpiece straightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving component further includes a lifting mechanism. The self-rotation mechanism is fixed on the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism can drive the self-rotation mechanism to drive the shape-correcting rod to move up and down.

3. The column workpiece straightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that The projection of the top surface of the column on the bottom plate is within the circular range of the connection between the column and the bottom plate. The longitudinal section of the movable layer is an inverted cone with a wider top and a narrower bottom. The diameter of the shape-correcting head is larger than the diameter of the shape-correcting rod.

4. A shape correction method, characterized in that, Use the column workpiece shape-correcting device as described in any one of claims 1-3 to correct the column workpiece. The shape-correcting steps are as follows: a) Establish a reference vertical line at the center of the bottom surface of the column of the column workpiece. The reference vertical line is perpendicular to the bottom plate of the column workpiece and passes through the column upward. Measure the inclination angle α between the central axis of the column and the reference vertical line, the height h of the column, and the radius r1 of the bottom surface of the column. b) Fix the bottom plate using the fixed seat. c) Drive the shape-correcting rod and the shape-correcting head to descend so that the distance from the central plane of the shape-correcting head to the surface of the bottom plate is k. d) Set the turnover radius R and the turnover angular velocity of the shape-correcting rod so that the shape-correcting rod turns around the reference vertical line according to the turnover radius R. e) Set the self-rotation angular velocity of the shape-correcting head. While turning over with the shape-correcting rod, the shape-correcting head rotates by itself. During the turnover and self-rotation of the shape-correcting head, the column is repeatedly collided and extruded.

5. A shape correction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The turnover radius R of the shape-correcting rod = r1 + r2 - k * tanα, where r1 ≤ 15mm.

6. A shape correction method according to claim 5, characterized in that, During the process of the shape-correcting head revolving and rotating, and repeatedly colliding and extruding the column, the following steps are further included: When the shape-correcting head revolves around the reference vertical line, the lifting mechanism drives the shape-correcting head to gradually descend, so that the distance from the central plane of the shape-correcting head to the surface of the bottom plate gradually decreases. The distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the shape-correcting head is m. After each revolution of the shape-correcting head, the distance from the central plane of the shape-correcting head to the surface of the bottom plate is k - △k, where △k = m / 2 * k / h.

7. A straightening method according to claim 6, characterized in that The revolving radius R of the shape-correcting rod is R = r1 + r2 - k * tanα + d, where d is the interference amount of the clearance between the shape-correcting head and the column, and d ≤ k * tanα / 2.

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