Electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator, control methods and usage methods

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to an electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator, its control method, and its usage method. The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator includes a DC power supply, an energy storage capacitor, and a pair of electrodes, which are designated as a first electrode and a second electrode. Between the energy storage capacitor and the pair of electrodes, there are also a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, and a fifth transistor. The coordinated operation of these five transistors achieves an integrated design for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation, maintaining the continuity of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and eliminating pre-shock delay.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to an electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator, its control method, and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In my country, up to 550,000 people suffer sudden cardiac arrest each year, 80% of which occur outside of hospitals, with a resuscitation success rate of less than 1%. When a patient experiences cardiac arrest, the survival rate decreases by 10% for every minute of delay in treatment.

[0003] The characteristics of cardiac arrest are: 1. Randomness: The time, place, patient, and rescuers are all uncertain. 2. Suddenness: There are no warning signs before it occurs. 3. Urgency: After the onset of cardiac arrest, we only have 10 minutes to rescue the patient; any delay can lead to unexpected consequences. Speed ​​is crucial in emergency care. Methods that do not necessarily increase the speed of rescue are superfluous. For example, CN201810458528 describes an AI-powered automated external defibrillator (AED) system and method, but the complex operation takes several minutes, and the outcome is predictably poor.

[0004] Emergency treatment for cardiac arrest: Immediately begin CPR and defibrillation as soon as possible while calling for help. Since professional emergency personnel cannot arrive at the scene immediately, these steps are performed by the first witness, which is technically very challenging.

[0005] The goal of cardiac arrest resuscitation is to restore spontaneous circulation as quickly as possible, preventing irreversible damage to vital organs such as the brain due to oxygen deprivation. In the field of cardiac arrest resuscitation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are the most critical technologies and instruments for saving lives. An AED, acting as a cardiac igniter, uses high-voltage electrical pulses to instantly restart the heart and restore spontaneous circulation. CPR is a crucial part of out-of-hospital emergency care, serving two main purposes: First, it assists in restoring spontaneous circulation. By compressing the chest cavity and performing artificial respiration, it provides oxygen to tissues and the brain, buying more time for subsequent resuscitation. Second, it stimulates the heart to alter its electrical activity, meeting the conditions for defibrillation and even restoring spontaneous circulation.

[0006] The latest guidelines emphasize the continuity of chest compressions, as minimizing interruptions in CPR can improve survival rates for cardiac arrest patients. CPR and defibrillation must be performed consecutively; otherwise, the resuscitation efforts will be wasted. Therefore, reducing the pre-shock delay is crucial for improving defibrillation success rates. The pre-shock delay refers to the time interval between the termination of CPR and the defibrillation shock. Studies have shown that the pre-shock delay has a significant impact on the actual rate of spontaneous circulation recovery. With a delay of 3 seconds, all experimental animals regained spontaneous circulation; with a delay of 10 seconds, this probability dropped to nearly 80%. When the delay exceeds 10 seconds, it rapidly drops below 40% at 15-second intervals, and to 0% after 20 seconds. The pre-shock delay mainly consists of two time components: algorithm analysis time and capacitor charging time.

[0007] Regarding capacitor charging time, CN201720926606, a high-voltage capacitor charging and discharging device, employs a secondary charging method to shorten charging time to the millisecond level. CN202011443878, an ultra-low voltage energy storage type cardiac defibrillator, uses a direct discharge method, shortening charging delay to the microsecond level. Therefore, the delay before shock is mainly due to the algorithm's analysis time. This is because ECG signal acquisition requires a certain amount of time; if the time is too short, the amount of information is too small, and the accuracy of the analysis results decreases. Extracting ECG signals during resuscitation can increase the amount of information, but motion artifacts and electromyography signals severely affect signal quality, casting doubt on the accuracy of the analysis results. Therefore, the International Joint Committee on Resuscitation opposes the practice of using artifact filtering algorithms for ECG analysis during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. For example, CN201280074134, a method and device for enabling AEDs to deliver shocks faster, utilizes algorithms to address rapid shocks.

[0008] Currently, most cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) devices employ mechanical methods that simulate manual CPR. They use external force to move the body, compressing cavities such as the chest or abdomen, causing rhythmic changes in cavity volume to supply blood to the brain and massage the heart. The main problem with this mechanical method is that it requires a physical device that must be physically connected to the patient during resuscitation. This operation is difficult for rescuers outside of hospitals, inevitably delaying patient resuscitation and making it difficult to apply effectively outside of hospitals.

[0009] US20160271011A1 - Electronic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Bleeding Control uses the principles of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and electronic neuromuscular stimulator (ESM) to achieve electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, this method only performs resuscitation without defibrillation, and cannot achieve a seamless transition between resuscitation and defibrillation because the problem of pre-shock delay has not been addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention addresses the technical problem of the lack of a device in the prior art that can continuously perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation and eliminate the pre-shock delay. The purpose is to provide an electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator, a control method, and a method of use.

[0011] An electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator includes a DC power supply, an energy storage capacitor, and a pair of electrodes, wherein the pair of electrodes is a first electrode and a second electrode.

[0012] The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator also includes:

[0013] A first transistor, the collector of which is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor and one end of a first current-limiting resistor, the emitter of which is connected to one end of a second current-limiting resistor, and the other end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the other end of the first current-limiting resistor;

[0014] A second transistor, with its collector connected to the common terminal of the first current-limiting resistor and the second current-limiting resistor, and its emitter connected to the first electrode;

[0015] A third transistor, with its collector connected to the first electrode and its emitter connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor;

[0016] A fourth transistor, with its collector connected to the common terminal of the first current-limiting resistor and the second current-limiting resistor, and its emitter connected to the second electrode;

[0017] A fifth transistor, with its collector connected to the second electrode and its emitter connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the resistance value of the first current-limiting resistor is preferably 1kΩ, and the resistance value of the second current-limiting resistor is preferably 50Ω.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the first transistor, the second transistor, the third transistor, the fourth transistor, and the fifth transistor are all IGBT transistors.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator further includes five-channel switch drive circuits, each corresponding to one of the IGBT transistors. The switch drive circuits include:

[0021] A third current-limiting resistor, one end of which is connected to the drive terminal;

[0022] An optocoupler has a first input terminal connected to the other end of the third current-limiting resistor, a second input terminal grounded, a first output terminal connected to the gate of the IGBT transistor, and a second output terminal connected to the emitter of the IGBT transistor.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the optocoupler employs a dual-channel photovoltaic IGBT driver, with two LEDs connected in series on the input side and two photodiodes connected in series on the output side.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator further includes:

[0025] A control module is connected to the drive terminal of each of the switch drive circuits.

[0026] An electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillation control method, using the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of this invention, comprises the following steps:

[0027] S101: Analyze the patient's electrocardiogram to determine if it is sinus rhythm. If it is sinus rhythm, the process ends. If it is not sinus rhythm, determine if there is a defibrillable rhythm. If there is a defibrillable rhythm, complete 6 cycles of electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and then immediately perform defibrillation. If there is no defibrillable rhythm, proceed to step S103.

[0028] S102, After defibrillation, complete 6 cycles of electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, then proceed to step S101;

[0029] S103, complete 12 cycles of electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, proceed to step S101.

[0030] As a preferred option, the defibrillation in step S101 is counted. If defibrillation has been performed three times, the process ends after completing 6 cycles of electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation in step S102.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation method is as follows: the first transistor, the third transistor, and the fourth transistor are turned off, while the second transistor and the fifth transistor are turned on, so that cardiopulmonary resuscitation electrical pulses are output between the two electrodes;

[0032] The defibrillation method is as follows: the third and fourth transistors are turned off, the first transistor is turned on, and the second and fifth transistors are turned on simultaneously, so that a defibrillation pulse is output between the two electrodes and is a positive pulse; after a preset time, the second and fifth transistors are turned off, and the third and fourth transistors are turned on simultaneously, so that a defibrillation pulse is output between the two electrodes and is a negative pulse.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation current when outputting cardiopulmonary resuscitation electrical pulses between the two electrodes is 2A, the pulse width is 0.5ms, and one cycle is 0.5s, so the electrical stimulation frequency of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is 120 times / minute.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, when the defibrillation pulse is output between the two electrodes, the current of the positive pulse is 20A, the current of the negative pulse is -20A, and the defibrillation current pulse width is 10ms.

[0035] A method for using an electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator includes:

[0036] S201, attach a pair of electrodes to the surface of the human body;

[0037] S202, turn on the power switch of the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator;

[0038] S203, the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator is implemented using the above-mentioned electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillation control method.

[0039] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows: The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of this invention has the following advantages:

[0040] 1. This invention adopts an integrated design of resuscitation and defibrillation, which can maintain the continuity of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and eliminate the pre-shock delay.

[0041] 2. This invention does not cause chest or abdominal injury due to mechanical operation, is not limited by chest size, and provides negative pressure ventilation in the same way as normal breathing. The rhythmic contraction helps rather than hinders blood circulation. Therefore, a single stimulation intervention will produce two results: breathing and blood circulation, eliminating the disadvantages of traditional CPR.

[0042] 3. When using this invention, manual operation is only required for two steps, while the rest is automatically completed by the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator. The physical connection between the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator and the patient is only a pair of electrodes that are pasted on. The operation method is the same as that of a regular AED, making it suitable for emergency rescue by non-volunteer personnel outside the hospital and shortening the rescue time for cardiac arrest.

[0043] 4. For patients with prolonged cardiac arrest, whose electrocardiograms have become a straight line, the electrical stimulation of the heart using the current of this invention can quickly meet the defibrillation requirements and improve emergency treatment efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a current output circuit according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the switch driving circuit of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a control flowchart of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is an output current waveform diagram of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one use of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 An electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator includes a DC power supply, an energy storage capacitor C1, and a pair of electrodes. The positive terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1, and the negative terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1 and is normally grounded. The DC power supply charges the energy storage capacitor C1.

[0051] The pair of electrodes are the first electrode and the second electrode, and the equivalent resistance RT between the pair of electrodes is between 25Ω and 175Ω.

[0052] The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of the present invention further includes a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, a third transistor Q3, a fourth transistor Q4, a fifth transistor Q5, a first current-limiting resistor R1, and a second current-limiting resistor R2. The first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, the fourth transistor Q4, and the fifth transistor Q5 are discharge switches.

[0053] The collector of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1 and one end of the first current limiting resistor R1, respectively. The emitter of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the second current limiting resistor R2, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the first current limiting resistor R1.

[0054] The collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the common terminal of the first current-limiting resistor R1 and the second current-limiting resistor R2, and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first electrode, i.e. Figure 1 As shown, the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the equivalent resistance RT.

[0055] The collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the first electrode, i.e. Figure 1 As shown, the collector of the third transistor Q3 is connected to one end of the equivalent resistance RT. The emitter of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1.

[0056] The collector of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the common terminal of the first current-limiting resistor R1 and the second current-limiting resistor R2, and the emitter of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the second electrode, i.e. Figure 1 As shown, the emitter of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the other end of the equivalent resistance RT.

[0057] The collector of transistor Q5 is connected to the second electrode, i.e. Figure 1As shown, the collector of the fifth transistor Q5 is connected to the other end of the equivalent resistance RT. The emitter of the fifth transistor Q5 is connected to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1.

[0058] When an electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator (CPR defibrillator) needs to output a CPR pulse, the first transistor Q1 is turned off, while the second transistor Q2 and the fifth transistor Q5 are turned on simultaneously. The on-time of these transistors is the pulse width. For example, the 0.5ms on-time of the second transistor Q2 and the fifth transistor Q5 is the pulse width. After the second transistor Q2 and the fifth transistor Q5 are turned on, the current flows from the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1, through the first current-limiting resistor R1 → the second transistor Q2 → the equivalent resistance RT → the fifth transistor Q5, and back to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1. The output CPR current I = V / (R1 + RT), where V is the voltage across the energy storage capacitor C1.

[0059] When the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator needs to output a defibrillation pulse, the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 are turned off, the first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second transistor Q2 and the fifth transistor Q5 are turned on at the same time. The current starts from the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1, flows through the first transistor Q1 → the second transistor Q2 → the equivalent resistance RT → the fifth transistor Q5 and returns to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1. The output defibrillation current I = V / (R2 + RT), where V is the voltage across the energy storage capacitor C1. At this time, a positive pulse is generated. After a preset time, the second transistor Q2 and the fifth transistor Q5 are turned off, while the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 are turned on. The current starts from the positive terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1, flows through the first transistor Q1 → the fourth transistor Q4 → the equivalent resistance RT → the third transistor Q3 and returns to the negative terminal of the energy storage capacitor C1. The output defibrillation current I = V / (R2 + RT), where V is the voltage across the energy storage capacitor C1. At this time, a negative pulse is generated.

[0060] In some embodiments, after power-on, the energy storage capacitor C1 has already completed the maximum charging voltage of 2250V, the first current limiting resistor R1 is selected as 1kΩ, and the second current limiting resistor R2 is selected as 50Ω.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, the fourth transistor Q4, and the fifth transistor Q5 are all IGBT transistors.

[0062] In some embodiments, the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator further includes a five-channel switch drive circuit, with each channel switch drive circuit corresponding to an IGBT transistor.

[0063] Reference Figure 2 The switch drive circuit includes a third current-limiting resistor R3 and an optocoupler OP. One end of the third current-limiting resistor R3 is connected to the drive terminal. The first input terminal of the optocoupler OP ( Figure 2Pin 4 of the optocoupler (OP) is connected to the other end of the third current-limiting resistor R3, which is the second input terminal of the optocoupler (OP). Figure 2 Pin 1 of the OP is grounded, and the first output terminal of the optocoupler OP is ( Figure 2 Pin 5 of the optocoupler (OP) is connected to the gate of the IGBT transistor Q, and the second output terminal of the optocoupler (OP) is... Figure 2 The 8th pin of the OP is connected to the emitter of the IGBT transistor Q.

[0064] When the driving terminal has a voltage of 12V, that is, when there is a voltage of 12V on the third current limiting resistor R3, the light-emitting diode of the optocoupler OP is lit, the photodiode of the optocoupler OP has a voltage output, and the IGBT transistor Q is turned on.

[0065] In some embodiments, the optocoupler OP employs a dual-channel photovoltaic IGBT driver. The input side of the optocoupler OP has two LEDs connected in series, and the output side has two photodiodes connected in series. By connecting the two channels in series, the optocoupler OP achieves the versatility of doubling the photovoltaic voltage. Open-circuit voltage: typically 7V, 14V after series connection, not exceeding the gate breakdown voltage of the IGBT transistor Q. An internal shutdown acceleration circuit reduces the shutdown time to only 0.03ms. The LEDs can withstand a 300mA pulse current, increasing the turn-on speed to 0.03ms, which is 17 times faster than the 0.5ms pulse width. Therefore, the pulse current width can be accurately controlled.

[0066] In some embodiments, the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of the present invention further includes a control module, which is connected to the drive terminal of each switch drive circuit to provide a 12V voltage to the drive terminal as needed to turn on the IGBT transistor Q, or not to provide voltage to turn off the IGBT transistor Q.

[0067] All forms of human movement are primarily accomplished through the contraction of muscle cells. When skeletal muscle receives a brief stimulus, an action potential is generated, followed by a contraction and relaxation.

[0068] A stimulator needs at least two electrodes to generate an electric current. Based on the different placement of the positive and negative electrodes, there are three stimulation modes:

[0069] ① Bipolar mode: Both electrodes are close to the target tissue.

[0070] ② Unipolar mode: One electrode (cathode) is placed near the target tissue, while the other electrode (anode) is far away from the target tissue. Its size and exact location are independent of the stimulus.

[0071] ③ Electric field stimulation: Both electrodes are far away from the target tissue.

[0072] Electric field stimulation is the least efficient method. However, because it allows for the stimulation of tissues using non-invasive surface electrodes, it is often used as the preferred method for applying current in non-implantable applications.

[0073] This invention utilizes an electric field stimulation method, employing defibrillation electrodes, which reduces operational steps. The stimulation range is controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the stimulation current. Although electric field stimulation has poor accuracy, it provides a wide coverage area and can induce synchronous contraction of multiple muscles.

[0074] A stimulus must be strong enough and last long enough to elicit a response from biological tissue. If the stimulus is too short, even a strong impulse will have no effect.

[0075] Neuromuscular electrical stimulators use low-frequency currents of 20-50Hz to stimulate specific muscle groups through electrodes, causing them to twitch or contract. The duration of each pulse group is called the pulse width. The ideal pulse width is 200-400μs. Another parameter that plays an important role in muscle contraction and fatigue is the stimulation intensity / amplitude, usually referring to the stimulation current value, measured in milliamperes (mA). The higher the stimulation intensity, the greater the degree of depolarization affected by the electrodes. Monopolar electrical stimulation with only 10-150mA can induce muscle contraction.

[0076] The consensus of the 2005 International Conference on ECC and CPR Treatment Recommendations has three key points: ① When the AED indicates "defibrillation is recommended", defibrillation should be the first choice; ② Otherwise (no defibrillation rhythm, mostly a flat line on the ECG), perform 5 cycles of CPR before considering defibrillation; ③ It is emphasized that after one defibrillation, no life assessment should be performed, and CPR should be performed immediately, and then assessed after 5 cycles.

[0077] The present invention employs the following steps to complete electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation.

[0078] An electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillation control method, referring to Figure 3 Using the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of the present invention, the following steps are performed:

[0079] S101: Analyze the patient's electrocardiogram to determine if it is sinus rhythm. If it is sinus rhythm, the process ends. If it is not sinus rhythm, determine if there is a defibrillable rhythm. If there is a defibrillable rhythm, complete 6 cycles of electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and then immediately perform defibrillation. If there is no defibrillable rhythm, proceed to step S103.

[0080] The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of this invention comprises a pair of surface electrodes that serve as both defibrillation electrodes and electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes. When used as ECG electrodes, they acquire the patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, which is the patient's ECG information. When used as defibrillation electrodes, they apply an electric current to the patient. These two uses of the electrodes are performed in a time-division manner. First, the electrodes are used as ECG electrodes to acquire and analyze the patient's ECG. When defibrillation is required, the electrodes are used as defibrillation electrodes to apply an electric current for defibrillation.

[0081] Determining whether a heart rhythm is sinus rhythm or whether a defibrillable rhythm is present using an electrocardiogram (ECG) is the current method of assessment, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0082] S102, After defibrillation, complete 6 cycles of electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, then proceed to step S101;

[0083] After defibrillation, the heartbeat may be weak, possibly not a normal sinus rhythm or an abnormal heartbeat. In this case, the heart's pumping function has not fully recovered. Six cycles of electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation are then given to compensate for this deficiency.

[0084] S103, complete 12 cycles of electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation, proceed to step S101.

[0085] In some embodiments, the defibrillation in step S101 is counted. If defibrillation has been performed three times, the process ends after completing 6 cycles of electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation in step S102.

[0086] In some embodiments, in steps S101 to S103 above, for electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), CPR electrical pulses can be output by controlling the switching on or off of each transistor to complete electronic CPR. Specifically:

[0087] Reference Figure 1 When the first transistor Q1, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4 are turned off, while the second transistor Q2 and the fifth transistor Q5 are turned on, a cardiopulmonary resuscitation electrical pulse is output between the two electrodes.

[0088] In step S101 above, defibrillation can be achieved by controlling the switching on or off of each transistor to output a defibrillation pulse. Specifically:

[0089] Reference Figure 1When transistors Q3 and Q4 are turned off, transistor Q1 is turned on, and transistors Q2 and Q5 are turned on simultaneously. A positive defibrillation pulse is then output between the two electrodes. After a preset time, transistors Q2 and Q5 are turned off, and transistors Q3 and Q4 are turned on simultaneously. A negative defibrillation pulse is then output between the two electrodes. The preset time can be determined based on the required current pulse width.

[0090] In some embodiments, when outputting cardiopulmonary resuscitation electrical pulses between the two electrodes, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation current is 2A, the pulse width is 0.5ms, and one cycle is 0.5s, then the electrical stimulation frequency for cardiopulmonary resuscitation is 120 times / minute.

[0091] In some embodiments, when a defibrillation pulse is output between the two electrodes, the current of the positive pulse is 20A, the current of the negative pulse is -20A, and the defibrillation current pulse width is 10ms.

[0092] Reference Figure 4 The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) defibrillator outputs a current waveform that first completes six cycles of ECPR. The output ECPR pulse uses a unidirectional wave with a 2A stimulation current, a pulse width of 0.5ms, and a period T of 0.5s. Then, it completes one defibrillation cycle, outputting a defibrillation pulse. This defibrillation current uses a biphasic wave with a 10ms pulse width, a first-phase current of 20A, and a second-phase current of -20A. The ECPR defibrillator then completes six cycles of ECPR.

[0093] Studies show that only 5% of the current applied to the body surface flows through the heart, with the remainder being diverted throughout the body. Therefore, the current flowing through the heart is approximately 100 mA. The current flowing through other tissues depends on the distance between the tissue and the electrode; the closer the distance, the greater the current, also on the order of 100 mA. This can excite muscles near the heart, such as the diaphragm and abdominal muscles. Defibrillation causes strong muscle contractions. From a hemodynamic perspective, defibrillation is a more powerful form of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Figure 4 As can be seen, the entire resuscitation process was continuous, and defibrillation was also part of the resuscitation; therefore, the pre-shock delay was zero.

[0094] Reference Figure 5 A method of using an electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator, comprising:

[0095] S201, attach a pair of electrodes to the surface of the human body;

[0096] The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of this invention is structurally no different from an AED, consisting of a main unit and a pair of electrodes, neither of which is designated as left or right, positive or negative. The electrodes are attached in the same position as those in conventional defibrillators, placed at the apex of the sternum, specifically at the right sternal border in the 2nd intercostal space and the left 5th intercostal space along the midaxillary line. Figure 5 As shown, the pair of electrodes are electrode 110 and electrode 120. The stimulation electrodes used are defibrillation electrodes.

[0097] S202, turn on the power switch of the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator 200;

[0098] S203, the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator 200 is implemented using the above-mentioned electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillation control method.

[0099] In terms of functionality, this invention provides at least one more sequence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation stimulation pulses than an AED.

[0100] In this invention, steps S201 and S202 are manually operated, while step S203 is automatically completed by the electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator. It is evident that only two steps require manual operation; the rest are completed automatically by the device, and the operation method is the same as that of a regular AED. It is suitable for emergency care by non-volunteer personnel outside of hospitals, shortening the rescue time for cardiac arrest.

[0101] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator comprising a direct current power supply, an energy storage capacitor and a pair of electrodes, the pair of electrodes being a first electrode and a second electrode respectively; characterized in that The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator further comprises: a first triode, the collector of which is connected to the positive pole of the energy storage capacitor and one end of a first current-limiting resistor respectively, and the emitter of which is connected to one end of a second current-limiting resistor, and the other end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the other end of the first current-limiting resistor; a second triode, the collector of which is connected to the common end of the first current-limiting resistor and the second current-limiting resistor, and the emitter of which is connected to the first electrode; a third triode, the collector of which is connected to the first electrode, and the emitter of which is connected to the negative pole of the energy storage capacitor; a fourth triode, the collector of which is connected to the common end of the first current-limiting resistor and the second current-limiting resistor, and the emitter of which is connected to the second electrode; a fifth triode, the collector of which is connected to the second electrode, and the emitter of which is connected to the negative pole of the energy storage capacitor.

2. The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of claim 1, wherein, The resistance value of the first current-limiting resistor is 1 kΩ, and the resistance value of the second current-limiting resistor is 50Ω.

3. The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of claim 1, wherein, The first triode, the second triode, the third triode, the fourth triode and the fifth triode are all IGBT triodes.

4. The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of claim 3, wherein, The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator further comprises five switch driving circuits, each of which corresponds to one IGBT triode, and each of the switch driving circuits comprises: a third current-limiting resistor, one end of which is connected to a driving end; a photoelectric coupler, the first input end of which is connected to the other end of the third current-limiting resistor, the second input end of which is grounded, the first output end of which is connected to the gate of the IGBT triode, and the second output end of which is connected to the emitter of the IGBT triode.

5. The electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation defibrillator of claim 4, wherein, The photoelectric coupler adopts a double-channel photovoltaic IGBT driver, the input side of the photoelectric coupler has two series-connected light-emitting diodes, and the output side of the photoelectric coupler has two series-connected photodiodes.

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