An improved modeling calculation method and system for waste dump design

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly to an improved design modeling calculation method and system for waste dumps. When the surface of the slag body includes a slope inclined plane or a longitudinal slope inclined plane, the method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining the cropped top surface area of the waste dump and the corresponding top boundary of the waste dump; S2, performing slope setting on the top boundary of the waste dump to obtain a slope line, and the slope line includes at least an intersecting slope line; S3, taking a preset distance as a reference, expanding the top boundary of the waste dump outward and calculating an optimized slope direction; S4, performing dense slope setting on the top boundary of the waste dump in the optimized slope direction; S5, combining the dense slope settings to form the slope of the top boundary of the waste dump; S6, obtaining the slag body model of the waste dump according to the slope of the top boundary of the waste dump and the cropped top surface area of the waste dump. This method provides a simplified calculation method for the complex top surface conditions of waste dumps.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly to an improved design modeling calculation method and system for waste dumps. Background Art

[0002] The design of waste dumps generally includes five parts: reserve calculation, slag stacking design, drainage design, quantity calculation, and drawing.

[0003] The general design process is to first determine the elevation of the slag top, then estimate the planar range and draw a plan view, then select representative cross-sections for design and draw cross-section views, then design the drainage system, and finally conduct quantity statistics and produce drawings. The main work in the design process lies in determining the elevation of the slag top. The determination of the elevation of the slag top mainly uses multiple cross-sections passing through the proposed waste dump area. By giving an estimated value of the elevation of the slag top, the cross-section slag stacking area of each cross-section is estimated, and then the overall reserve estimate is obtained by multiplying the cross-section area by its representative length and accumulating. Comparing this estimated value with the actual waste volume, then adjusting the elevation of the slag top and calculating the corresponding reserve estimate for this time. Through multiple adjustments until the estimated value is not much different from the actual value, the elevation of the slag top can be determined. This method requires multiple manual calculations to trial-calculate the slag stacking position with a suitable reserve, resulting in a very large error in the calculation result and extremely low design efficiency.

[0004] To solve the problems of large subjectivity, low efficiency, and high calculation difficulty in the design of waste dumps, the patent "A Design Method and Calculation System for Waste Dumps" (Publication No. CN111325840A) proposes a programmed design method: for a given rectangular area to be filled with waste, specifying the elevation of the proposed slag top, discretizing the surface and bottom rectangular areas of the slag body and establishing a two-dimensional matrix of the top and bottom with the elevations at the corresponding positions of the grid points (the surface is the elevation of the slag top, and the bottom is the ground elevation) as elements. Then, subtracting the two matrices and setting the positive values in the resulting matrix to 1 and the negative values to 0 to obtain a binary matrix. By calculating the largest connected area with a value of 1 in the binary matrix, the waste disposal area can be obtained. Furthermore, mapping the boundary of the connected area to the actual discrete grid points as the boundary of the waste disposal area in the rectangular area, and approximately calculating the volume of the slag body based on the height difference of each point within the boundary.

[0005] When the surface of the slag body is a plane, the element values of the top matrix are controlled by the elevation plane, which is the proposed elevation, and it is relatively simple.

[0006] When the surface of the waste body contains a slope inclined plane or a longitudinal slope inclined plane, the value of the top matrix element is controlled by both the elevation plane and the inclined plane. Specifically, it is controlled by the plane and inclined plane equations. When the number of inclined planes is large or their relative positions are complex, it is difficult to express the equations and perform calculations. In actual design, designers may adjust the shape of the waste top boundary according to requirements. Since drainage and waste body stability need to be considered, the top is usually not a horizontal plane, or even not a plane. Both of these aspects will result in a large number of inclined planes with relatively complex relative positions, making it difficult to calculate using equations.

[0007] In short, the above patent method considers the surface of the waste body as a whole and is controlled by the elevation plane and the slope (or longitudinal slope) inclined plane, resulting in complex calculations and large limitations, making it difficult to meet the actual engineering needs. In view of the problems existing in the current design and calculation of waste dumps, through secondary development with the help of 3D BIM software, the waste dump design method in the above patent is improved to simplify the calculation process, consider various situations, expand the scope of application, and propose a more practical waste design. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to propose an improved waste dump design modeling calculation method and system for the problem that it is difficult to express equations and perform calculations when the surface of the waste body contains a slope inclined plane or a longitudinal slope inclined plane.

[0009] To achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An improved waste dump design modeling calculation method, when the surface of the waste body contains a slope inclined plane or a longitudinal slope inclined plane, includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Obtain the cropped top area of the waste dump and the corresponding waste dump top boundary of the cropped top area of the waste dump;

[0012] S2. Slope the waste dump top boundary to obtain a slope line, and the slope line includes at least an intersecting slope line;

[0013] S3. Expand the waste dump top boundary outward based on a preset distance to obtain an expanded auxiliary waste dump top boundary, and calculate the optimized slope direction;

[0014] S4. Perform encrypted sloping on the waste dump top boundary in the optimized slope direction;

[0015] S5. Calculate the slope point set of each boundary vertex on the waste dump top boundary according to the encrypted sloping, and draw and generate a plurality of small slopes with all adjacent slope point sets as sides to form the slope of the waste dump top boundary;

[0016] S6. Based on the slope of the top boundary of the waste dump site and the trimmed top surface area of the waste dump site, a waste body model of the waste dump site is obtained.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] S11. Taking the auxiliary column as a reference, calculate the two-dimensional matrix of the top surface area of the waste dump site, and the top shape of the auxiliary column is a single longitudinal slope, multiple longitudinal slopes or a stepped type;

[0019] S12. Subtract the two-dimensional matrix of the top surface area of the waste dump site from the two-dimensional matrix of the bottom surface area of the waste dump site, and set the positive values in the matrix to 1 and the negative values to 0 to obtain a binary matrix; map the boundary of the largest connected area with a value of 1 in the binary matrix to the actual terrain to obtain the area where waste can be dumped;

[0020] S13. Trim the area where waste can be dumped to obtain the trimmed top surface area of the waste dump site and the top boundary of the waste dump site corresponding to the trimmed top surface area.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S11 specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] S111. Taking the top rectangle at a specified elevation as a reference, stretch it downward to form an auxiliary column as the auxiliary column for calculating the top matrix; the top shape of the auxiliary column is a single longitudinal slope, multiple longitudinal slopes or a stepped type;

[0023] S112. Extract all the surfaces of the auxiliary column except the side surfaces and the bottom surface to form a composite surface, and obtain the projection area corresponding to the composite surface;

[0024] S113. Discretize the projection area corresponding to the composite surface, calculate the projection of the discrete grid points on the composite surface, and take the elevation of the projection points as elements to obtain the two-dimensional matrix of the top surface area of the waste dump site.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0026] S21. Project the top boundary of the waste dump site onto the horizontal projection plane to obtain a planar polygon;

[0027] S22. Taking each vertex of the planar polygon as a slope-setting base point, and taking the angular bisector direction calculated at the slope-setting base point as the slope direction, slope down to the ground to obtain independent slope lines and intersecting slope lines.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0029] S31. Project the top boundary of the waste dump site onto the horizontal projection plane to obtain a planar polygon;

[0030] S32. Starting from the vertices of the planar polygon, extend a preset distance outward in the angular bisector direction to obtain the vertices of the expanded planar polygon. The preset distance refers to the maximum horizontal distance between the vertex and the toe point of the slope.

[0031] S33. Connect the vertices of the expanded planar polygon in sequence to obtain the top boundary of the waste dump after expansion, and connect the vertices of the planar polygon with the corresponding vertices of the expanded planar polygon to obtain the optimized slope direction at each vertex.

[0032] As a preferred solution of the present invention, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] S41. Use the connection line of the toe points corresponding to the two vertices of the top edge of the top boundary of the waste dump after expansion as the encryption reference edge.

[0034] S42. Divide the reference edge into several small segments with a length not greater than dx.

[0035] S43. After calculating the number of segments of the reference edge, segment the corresponding top edge with the same number of segments to obtain the encrypted points of the top edge.

[0036] S44. Slope the encrypted points of the top edge, and the slope direction is the connection line direction between the encrypted points of the top edge and the corresponding points on the reference edge; obtain the set of points after sloping.

[0037] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the steps also include calculating the volume of the waste dump body. Calculating the volume of the waste dump body specifically includes the following steps:

[0038] After obtaining the waste dump body model of the waste dump site, discretize the slope polygon and the top surface polygon of the waste dump body model of the waste dump site into multiple triangles, then obtain the projected triangles of the triangles on the ground, and then calculate the volume of the cylinder enclosed by the projected triangles and the triangles. Finally, sum up the volumes of all the cylinders to obtain the volume of the waste dump body.

[0039] As a preferred solution of the present invention, it also includes the step: S7. Set a catch ditch on the boundary of the waste dump body model of the waste dump site.

[0040] Based on the same concept, an improved waste dump design modeling calculation module is also proposed, including a waste dump top boundary generation module, a slope module, an encrypted slope module, and a waste dump body model generation module of the waste dump site.

[0041] The waste dump top boundary generation module is used to obtain the top surface area of the waste dump site after clipping and the waste dump top boundary corresponding to the top surface area of the waste dump site after clipping.

[0042] The slope cutting module is used to cut slopes for the top boundary of the waste dump to obtain a slope cutting line, and the slope cutting line includes an intersecting slope cutting line; and based on a preset distance as a reference, the top boundary of the waste dump is expanded outward to obtain an expanded auxiliary top boundary of the waste dump and calculate the optimized slope cutting direction;

[0043] The encrypted slope cutting module is used to perform encrypted slope cutting on the top boundary of the waste dump in the optimized slope cutting direction; and according to the encrypted slope cutting, a slope point set of each boundary vertex on the top boundary of the waste is calculated, and a plurality of small slopes are generated by drawing with all adjacent slope point sets as sides, and combined into a slope of the top boundary of the waste;

[0044] The waste body model generation module of the waste dump is used to obtain the waste body model of the waste dump according to the slope of the top boundary of the waste and the cropped top surface area of the waste dump.

[0045] Based on the same concept, an improved waste dump design and modeling calculation system is also proposed, including at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute an improved waste dump design and modeling calculation method described in any one of the above.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0047] In the case where the surface of the waste body includes a slope inclined plane or a longitudinal slope inclined plane, when cutting slopes for the top boundary of the waste dump, the present invention optimizes the slope cutting direction by expanding the boundary line, avoiding the complexity of calculation caused by the mutual cutting of slope inclined planes, and also laying a foundation for subsequent encrypted slope cutting. When calculating the slope inclined plane according to the slope of the top boundary vertex of the waste, the complexity of using a combination of multiple equations for calculation is avoided, the difficulty of slope cutting calculation is simplified, and the efficiency of generating the waste body model is improved. Description of the Drawings

[0048] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of an improved waste dump design and modeling calculation method in Embodiment 1;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a common longitudinal slope form of the top of the waste in Embodiment 1;

[0050] Figure 3 It is an auxiliary stretching cylinder diagram of the top surface in Embodiment 1;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary plane cutting cylinder in Embodiment 1;

[0052] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the composite surface cutting cylinder in Example 1;

[0053] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the top geometric region in Example 1;

[0054] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the discretization of the top rectangular region in Example 1;

[0055] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the top composite surface cutting in Example 1;

[0056] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the calculation boundary (solid line) and the drawing boundary (dashed line) in Example 1;

[0057] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the polygon angle bisector vector in Example 1;

[0058] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the slope setting in Example 1;

[0059] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the plane of the slope toe point of the slope setting in Example 1;

[0060] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the outer expansion of the slag top boundary polygon in Example 1;

[0061] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the slope setting of the vertices of the slag top boundary in Example 1;

[0062] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the slope surface and the cross-section before adjustment in Example 1;

[0063] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the slope surface and the cross-section after adjustment in Example 1;

[0064] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the encrypted slope setting in Example 1;

[0065] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the spatial triangular mesh surface drawn with all adjacent point sets as boundary points in Example 1;

[0066] Figure 19 Slag body model in Example 1;

[0067] Figure 20 Slag body model considering the top shape in Example 1;

[0068] Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the intercepting ditch in Example 1;

[0069] Figure 22Schematic diagram of horizontal outward expansion of the slag top polygon in Example 1;

[0070] Figure 23 Slag body model considering the intercepting ditch in Example 1. Specific implementation manners

[0071] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation manners. However, it should not be understood that the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] An improved design modeling calculation method for waste dump, the flow chart is as Figure 1 shown. When the slag body surface includes a slope inclined surface or a longitudinal slope inclined surface, the following steps are included:

[0074] S1. Obtain the top surface area of the waste dump after cropping and the top boundary of the waste dump corresponding to the cropped top surface area of the waste dump;

[0075] S2. Slope the top boundary of the waste dump to obtain a slope line, and the slope line includes at least an intersecting slope line;

[0076] S3. Based on a preset distance, expand the top boundary of the waste dump outward to obtain an expanded auxiliary top boundary of the waste dump, and calculate the optimized slope direction;

[0077] S4. Perform encrypted sloping on the top boundary of the waste dump in the optimized slope direction;

[0078] S5. According to the encrypted sloping, calculate the slope point set of each boundary vertex on the top boundary of the waste dump, and draw and generate a plurality of small slopes with all adjacent slope point sets as sides, and combine them into the slope of the top boundary of the waste dump;

[0079] S6. According to the slope of the top boundary of the waste dump and the cropped top surface area of the waste dump, obtain the slag body model of the waste dump.

[0080] The specific implementation manners of the above steps are as follows:

[0081] 1. Calculate the top surface matrix

[0082] The basis for calculating the top and bottom matrices of the slag is the bottom rectangular area and the top rectangular area. The bottom rectangular area is the terrain model cut out from the specified rectangular area, and the elevation of the projection point of the discrete grid point on the ground is the element value of the ground matrix. For the top rectangular area, the shape of the top longitudinal slope (i.e., the top slope) needs to be considered, and it is difficult to calculate the matrix elements by projection. Common top longitudinal slope shapes include a single longitudinal slope, multiple longitudinal slopes, and a stepped longitudinal slope, such asFigure 2 。

[0083] To calculate the top matrix corresponding to the top rectangular area, taking the top rectangle at a specified elevation as the reference, stretch it downward to form an auxiliary cylinder as the auxiliary figure for calculating the top matrix, and the stretching distance is the diagonal length of the rectangular area. For example Figure 3 。

[0084] When the top shape is a single longitudinal slope, make an auxiliary square plane with the longitudinal slope base point and the normal direction (provided by the corresponding project) as the reference, and the side length can be taken as the diagonal length of the rectangular area. Cut the auxiliary cylinder with this auxiliary plane and cut off the figure above the plane. For example Figure 4 。When the top shape is a multi-longitudinal slope, make an auxiliary plane at each longitudinal slope position in turn to cut the auxiliary cylinder.

[0085] When the top shape is a stepped type, make a spatial stepped composite surface with a certain width according to the step parameters (such as slope ratio, slope height, platform width, etc.). The width should ensure that the composite surface completely cuts the cylinder, and the diagonal length of the rectangular area can be taken. Cut the auxiliary cylinder with this composite surface and cut off the figure above the plane. For example Figure 5 。

[0086] Due to the inclination angle of the top longitudinal slope plane and the overall inclination angle of the stepped top surface, which are usually not steeper than 45°, the stretching length of the auxiliary cylinder is taken as the diagonal length of the rectangle, which can ensure that the auxiliary surface will not cut the bottom surface of the cylinder when cutting the cylinder. If there is a steeper plane inclination angle, the stretching distance can be adjusted and extended to ensure that the auxiliary surface will not cut the bottom surface of the cylinder.

[0087] Take the cut auxiliary cylinder, such as Figure 4 (b, c), Figure 5 (b), extract all the surfaces except the side and bottom surfaces to form a new composite surface, and this composite surface is the top geometric area, and its projection range is the aforementioned specified rectangular area. For example Figure 6 。

[0088] Discretize the top rectangular area, such as Figure 7 , and calculate the projection of the discrete grid points on this spatial composite surface. Taking the elevation of the projection points as elements, the two-dimensional matrix of the top area can be obtained.

[0089] 2. Calculate the top boundary of the waste residue

[0090] Discretize the terrain corresponding to the rectangular area at the same discrete interval, and calculate the ground elevation corresponding to the discrete grid points to obtain the bottom elevation matrix. Calculate the slag disposal area according to the calculation method given in the patent "A Design Method and Calculation System for Waste Dumping Sites". The slag disposal area is the area where the boundary of the largest connected area is mapped to the actual terrain. The specific method is as follows: Calculate the two-dimensional matrix of the slag disposal area using the method of the largest connected area. After mapping the two-dimensional matrix of the slag disposal area to the actual terrain, the slag disposal area is obtained. The specific mapping method is as follows: Take a certain element in the two-dimensional matrix, for example, the first one, and then for other elements, calculate the actual coordinates according to the intervals dx and dy. Since the boundary of the connected area is also a series of elements, connecting the actual coordinates of these elements gives the mapped boundary, and the area within the boundary is the slag disposal area.

[0091] Within this boundary range, the top elevation is not lower than the ground elevation.

[0092] If the top longitudinal slope is not considered, that is, the top is a plane, then the boundary of the calculated slag disposal area can be directly used as the top boundary of the slag body, and the top surface of the internal slag is the plane enclosed by this boundary, and the external slope surface can be sloped based on this boundary.

[0093] In the method of the present invention, considering the case where the top is a longitudinal slope, in the case where the top is a longitudinal slope, since the calculated boundary of the slag disposal area is a plane boundary and cannot be directly applied for sloping, it is necessary to use the calculated boundary of the slag disposal area to cut the top composite surface generated by the auxiliary cylinder, as Figure 8 , Figure 8 (a) shows the schematic of cutting the top composite surface with the calculated boundary of the slag disposal area, Figure 8 (b) shows the boundary of the cut composite surface. Take the boundary points of the cut composite surface as the top boundary of the slag, and at this time the boundary is a three-dimensional space curve.

[0094] If the user needs to specify the top boundary shape, then take the cut composite surface, such as Figure 8 (b), and further cut it with the specified boundary (the second cut) to obtain the composite surface area where the calculated boundary intersects with the drawn boundary, and take its boundary as the final top boundary of the slag, such as Figure 9 . At this time, the composite surface obtained by the second cut is the top surface of the slag, and the boundary points of the composite surface are the final top boundary of the slag.

[0095] 3. Estimate the farthest slope distance of the cross slope line

[0096] For the above top boundary of the slag (denoted by where q 1 q 2 ...q n(for each vertex), which appears as a planar polygon on the horizontal projection plane (with represented, where p 1 p 2 ...p n are the vertices), each edge p i p i+1 will correspond to a slope face. The slope rules for each slope face are the same, so the horizontal projection of the intersection line of the slope faces of two adjacent edges is the angle bisector of these two edges. Therefore, according to the vertices of the polygon , calculate the angle bisector vector v i pointing outside the polygon for each point p i , as Figure 10 .

[0097] Using the original point (the point q before projection) of each vertex p i as the slope base point, and using the angle bisector vector v i calculated at this point as the slope direction, slope down to the ground, as i shown in Figure 11 . The specific slope parameters (such as platform width, stepped slope height, stepped slope ratio, etc.) can be determined according to the corresponding project. Calculate the intersection points (the ground is also composed of multiple triangles) when each original vertex q i reaches the ground after slope, that is, the toe points. Taking the q Figure 11 point in 1 as an example, its toe point on the ground after slope is t 1 . Since the slope inclination direction corresponding to each edge of the boundary polygon is the horizontal outer normal direction of the edge, and the slope direction at the vertex may not be the inclination direction, but form an angle with the inclination direction, that is, the apparent inclination direction. At this time, the slope parameters at this point need to be adjusted accordingly according to the angle between the slope direction and the slope inclination direction.

[0098] After calculating the toe points of each vertex sloping down to the ground, its plan view is as Figure 12 shown. The connection lines between the vertices and the toe points (i.e., the slope lines) are sometimes independent of each other (such as p 1 t 1 and p 2 t 2 ), and sometimes intersect with each other (such as p 3 t 3 and p 4 t 4 ). Extract all the intersecting slope lines, such as p 3 t 3 and p 4 t 4, and calculate the horizontal distance between its vertex and the toe point of the slope, and take the maximum value of all horizontal distances as the estimated value of the farthest slope distance of the cross slope line. Among them, the horizontal distance between the vertex and the toe point of the slope refers to the distance after the actual distance between the vertex and the toe point is projected onto the horizontal plane. Taking the maximum value of all horizontal distances means obtaining the maximum value of the distances after the actual distances are projected onto the horizontal plane.

[0099] 4. Adjust the slope direction of the boundary vertex

[0100] According to Figure 12 It can be seen that the connecting lines between adjacent projected vertices and their toe points of the slope may cross. After all, the boundary polygon may be arbitrary, and the projected polygon will also be arbitrary. The crossing indicates that adjacent slope surfaces cut each other. If directly calculating the slope surfaces, the intersection lines of the mutual cutting need to be calculated, but in fact, there may be more than two slope surfaces cutting each other.

[0101] To avoid the complexity of calculation affecting subsequent calculations, the vertices with cross slope lines are optimized here. Based on the estimated farthest slope horizontal distance of the cross slope line, the top boundary projected polygon is expanded outward (specifically, polygon scaling in computer graphics can be referred to). For example Figure 13 , among which Figure 13 in (a) is a schematic diagram of the outward expansion of the boundary polygon, Figure 13 in (b) is a schematic diagram of connecting the boundary vertex and the corresponding point after expansion. It can be seen that after the outward expansion, the number of vertices of the polygon decreases. This situation does not occur in the outward expansion of convex polygons, but is more common in the outward expansion of concave polygons. Therefore, the vertices of the original polygon and the vertices after expansion may not correspond one by one. At this time, each original vertex p i is found through calculation to correspond to the expanded vertex p' i , so that each original vertex has a corresponding expanded point. For example, the corresponding point of p 3 is p' 3 , and the corresponding point of p 4 is also p' 3 .

[0102] At this time, the connecting line direction between the vertex p i and the corresponding expanded point p' i is used as the new slope direction v' i of the boundary vertex q i , while the vertices without intersecting slope lines still use the angle bisector vector v i as the slope direction. Then, after adjustment, the situation where the slope surfaces cut each other will no longer occur, and the obtained toe point is the final slag top boundary vertex q iThe slope foot point of Figure 14 .

[0103] by Figure 14 Middle 3 q 4 Take the corresponding slope surface as an example. Here, we assume that the slope surface is an inclined plane and take its representative section II′. Before adjustment, since the slope surface intersects with the two slope surfaces before and after, the slope surface is a broken line, such as Figure 15 , this kind of broken line will not appear in the actual waste slag design process; after adjustment, the grading line is located in the adjusted triangle p 3 p 4 p′ 3 In-plane (such as Figure 13 ), the slope is a straight line, which is more in line with the actual design situation, but the slope will be gentler, so the slope parameters of the slope surface should also be adjusted accordingly, such as Figure 16 .

[0104] 5. Increase the density of the slag top boundary and slope it

[0105] Connecting the toe points will give a rough slope surface, such as Figure 17 The quadrilateral in However, considering that the terrain is undulating, the slope surface and the ground cannot be tightly combined, so the boundary polygon Each edge is encrypted, divided into multiple small line segments, and the vertex of each small line segment is graded. The more segments there are, the denser the toe points are, and the better the slope surface is integrated with the ground.

[0106] Since the slag top polygon The vertex q 1 q 2 ...q n and the corresponding slope foot point t 1 t 2 ...t n The lines connecting the top and bottom of the top polygon will not intersect (avoided in the previous step). The two vertices of any side of the top polygon and the corresponding two slope foot points can only form a quadrilateral or a triangle. When two adjacent vertices at the top share a slope foot point, the slope polygon is a triangle, which is well integrated with the ground and does not need to be encrypted; when two adjacent vertices at the top each correspond to a slope foot point, the slope polygon is a quadrilateral and needs to be encrypted and sloped according to the situation.

[0107] The purpose of grading is to better integrate the grading slope with the ground. Therefore, the top two vertices (such as q 1 q 2 ) corresponding to the slope foot point (such as t 1 t 2)As the reference edge for encryption. Set a maximum side length dx for segmentation. If the side length is greater than dx, it is segmented, and the reference edge is divided into several small segments with a length not greater than dx. After calculating the number of segments of the reference edge, the corresponding top edge is segmented with the same number of segments. At this time, the endpoints of all small line segments of the two edges can be obtained, which are the encrypted points. The number of points on the bottom reference edge is equal to the number of points on the top edge, and they can be corresponding one by one in order, such as Figure 13 。

[0108] For each point q obtained after encrypting the top edge 1i Slope is set, and the slope direction is the connection line between this point and the corresponding point t 1i on the bottom reference edge. Calculate the point set after slope setting for this point (including the points between the vertex and the toe of the slope, such as platform points, toe points of stepped slopes).

[0109] Finally, perform the above encryption and slope setting operations on all sides of the waste top polygon to obtain the point set after slope setting of all boundary points (including encrypted points).

[0110] 6. Generate the waste dump model

[0111] According to the slope point sets of each boundary vertex obtained from the encrypted slope calculation, draw multiple small slopes with all adjacent point sets as sides, and finally combine them into a slope surrounding the waste top boundary. Specifically, the method for generating the boundary slope is: use all adjacent point sets as boundary points to draw a spatial triangular mesh surface to generate small slopes, and finally combine multiple pairwise adjacent small slopes into a slope surrounding the waste top boundary. The schematic diagram of the generated spatial triangular mesh surface is shown in Figure 18 。And the waste top is the aforementioned composite surface (or plane) obtained by cutting. Finally, the waste dump model is obtained, such as Figure 19 ,the waste dump model considering the longitudinal slope at the top, such as Figure 20 。

[0112] Discretize the slope polygon and the top surface polygon into multiple small triangles, then calculate their projected triangles on the ground, and then calculate the volume of the cylinder formed by the projected triangle and the original triangle. Finally, sum the volumes of all cylinders to obtain the volume of the waste dump body.

[0113] 7. Optimization of the waste top boundary considering the intercepting ditch

[0114] In the design of the waste dump, drainage design is also required, that is, to intercept the water flowing in from all around and drain the water collected in the middle. To drain the water collected in the middle, it can be achieved by setting a longitudinal slope at the waste top. And to intercept the water flowing in from all around, an intercepting ditch needs to be set at the waste dump boundary, such as Figure 21 。

[0115] Taking Figure 21 (a) as an example, the intersection point s of the left side of the intercepting ditch and the slope2 , it should be located at vertex q 2 and the toe point t 2 in between. When placing the drainage ditch, the excavation of the natural slope on the right side should be minimized. That is, for the V-shaped valley formed between the left spoil slope and the right natural slope, it should be able to meet the requirement that there is a position between vertex q 2 and the toe point t 2 where a drainage ditch can just fit. When the drainage ditch is at this position, its two end points just contact the two side slopes.

[0116] When the distance between the vertex of the left spoil slope and the right natural slope is relatively close, it may be impossible to place the drainage ditch, as shown in Figure 21 (b). At this time, there is no point between vertex q 2 and the toe point t 2 where the drainage ditch can be placed, and the slope body must be excavated. To avoid excavating the natural slope, generally, the vertex of the designed spoil slope is retracted (q 2 is adjusted inwards to q' 2 ) to increase the width for placing the drainage ditch, as shown in Figure 21 (c).

[0117] Whether it is the calculation boundary or the specified boundary drawn, the height of the spoil slope varies with the terrain. It is very likely that there will be a situation where the horizontal distance between the slope vertex and the natural slope is relatively close and it is difficult to place the drainage ditch, as shown in Figure 21 (b). Therefore, after obtaining the top boundary of the spoil in step 2, it should be judged whether there are positions where it is difficult to place the drainage ditch according to the top boundary of the spoil.

[0118] To ensure that there is space to accommodate the drainage ditch in the valley formed by the slope and the opposite natural slope after slope setting for all vertices (including the densified points) of the top boundary, according to the minimum allowable width D of the drainage ditch min , the spoil top polygon is horizontally expanded by a distance D min , that is, the elevation of the corresponding point remains unchanged after expansion, and the expanded polygon is obtained, as shown in Figure 22 . Take all the sides of this polygon, such as q' i q' i+1 , and calculate its intersection points with the ground model of the rectangular area:

[0119] If all sides have no intersection points and their positions are all higher than the ground, it means that there is still space to accommodate the drainage ditch after slope setting of the boundary vertices. Otherwise, it means that there may not be enough space to place the drainage ditch at the vertices of this side after slope setting. However, at this time, the boundary has not been densified and sloped, and it is difficult to determine the specific points and retract the abnormal points. Therefore, to ensure that the shape of the top boundary does not change too much and there is enough space at each position to place the drainage ditch, the spoil top polygon is expanded by a distance Dmin Perform horizontal contraction. For the polygon obtained after contraction, cut the slag top composite surface again, and take the boundary of the composite surface after cutting as the final waste slag top boundary, and then perform step 3 and subsequent calculation operations.

[0120] After obtaining the waste slag body model, place intercepting ditches around it, and there is enough space for placement. The final obtained model is as Figure 23 , and the intercepting ditches are at the peripheral contour.

[0121] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0122] When the surface of the slag body includes a slope inclined surface or a longitudinal slope inclined surface, the original waste slag body surface is divided into a top longitudinal slope and a slope inclined surface, and the calculations are carried out separately before and after, reducing the system complexity.

[0123] By using the cutting of geometric bodies to obtain the composite surface considering the top longitudinal slope, the top surface matrix can be conveniently calculated, and then the waste slag boundary can be calculated. And using this calculated boundary can in turn cut to obtain the waste slag top surface.

[0124] The waste slag boundary can be calculated according to the program or can be drawn and specified by the designer. The boundary of the intersection area of the calculated boundary and the specified boundary is the final boundary, making the design more flexible and no longer limited to the number and position of slope inclined surfaces.

[0125] The slope inclined surface is calculated by slope down from the vertex of the slag top boundary, avoiding the complexity of using a combination of multiple equations for calculation. And before slope down, the farthest slope down distance is estimated first, and the boundary polygon is expanded outward to adjust and optimize the slope down direction, avoiding the complication of the slope inclined surfaces cutting each other and laying a foundation for subsequent densified slope down.

[0126] Taking the bottom edge of the slope inclined surface as the reference edge for densified segmentation, and dividing the corresponding top edge into the same number of segments, and then performing slope down on the densified point set, so that the slope foot points of the slope inclined surface are correspondingly increased, improving the tightness of the combination of the slope and the ground.

[0127] After obtaining the waste slag boundary, expand it outward to check whether there is enough space to place the water ditch after slope down, so that the boundary can be processed in advance to avoid the situation where the water ditch cannot be placed, and the system is more perfect.

[0128] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved design modeling calculation method for waste dumps, characterized in that, when the surface of the slag body includes a slope inclined plane or a longitudinal slope inclined plane, it includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the top surface area of the waste dump after cropping and the top boundary of the waste dump corresponding to the cropped top surface area of the waste dump; S2. Slope the top boundary of the waste dump to obtain a slope line, and the slope line includes at least an intersecting slope line; S3. Based on a preset distance, expand the top boundary of the waste dump outward to obtain an expanded auxiliary top boundary of the waste dump, and calculate the optimized slope direction; S4. Perform encrypted sloping on the top boundary of the waste dump in the optimized slope direction; S5. According to the encrypted slope, calculate the slope point set of each boundary vertex on the top boundary of the waste dump, and draw and generate a plurality of small slopes with all adjacent slope point sets as sides, and combine them into the slope of the top boundary of the waste dump; S6. According to the slope of the top boundary of the waste dump and the cropped top surface area of the waste dump, obtain the slag body model of the waste dump; Step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11. Taking an auxiliary cylinder as a reference, calculate the two-dimensional matrix of the top surface area of the waste dump, and the top shape of the auxiliary cylinder is a single longitudinal slope, a multi-longitudinal slope or a stepped type; S12. Subtract the two-dimensional matrix of the top surface area of the waste dump from the two-dimensional matrix of the bottom surface area of the waste dump, and set the positive values in the matrix to 1 and the negative values to 0 to obtain a binary matrix; the largest connected area with a value of 1 in the binary matrix is the two-dimensional matrix of the disposable slag, and map the two-dimensional matrix of the disposable slag to the actual terrain to obtain the disposable slag area; S13. Crop the disposable slag area to obtain the cropped top surface area of the waste dump and the top boundary of the waste dump corresponding to the cropped top surface area of the waste dump; Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. Project the top boundary of the waste dump onto the horizontal projection plane to obtain a planar polygon; S32. Starting from the vertices of the planar polygon, extend a preset distance outward in the angular bisector direction to obtain the vertices of the expanded planar polygon, and the preset distance refers to the maximum horizontal distance between the vertex and the toe of the slope; S33. Connect the vertices of the expanded planar polygon in sequence to obtain the expanded top boundary of the waste dump, and connect the vertices of the planar polygon with the corresponding vertices of the expanded planar polygon to obtain the optimized slope direction at each vertex.

2. An improved design modeling calculation method for waste dumps according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S11 specifically includes the following steps: S111. Taking the top rectangle at a specified elevation as a reference, stretch it downward to form an auxiliary cylinder as the auxiliary cylinder for calculating the top matrix; the top shape of the auxiliary cylinder is a single longitudinal slope, a multi-longitudinal slope or a stepped type; S112. Extract all the faces of the auxiliary cylinder except the side faces and the bottom face to form a composite face, and obtain the projection area corresponding to the composite face; S113. Discretize the projection area corresponding to the composite surface, calculate the projection of the discrete grid points on this composite surface, and take the elevation of the projection points as elements to obtain a two-dimensional matrix of the top surface area of the waste dump.

3. An improved waste dump design modeling calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21. Project the top boundary of the waste dump onto the horizontal projection plane to obtain a planar polygon; S22. Using each vertex of the planar polygon as a slope-setting base point, and taking the angular bisector direction calculated at the slope-setting base point as the slope direction, slope downwards towards the ground to obtain independent slope lines and intersecting slope lines.

4. An improved waste dump design modeling calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Use the connection line of the toe points corresponding to the two vertices of the top edge of the expanded top boundary of the waste dump as the encryption reference edge; S42. Divide the reference edge into several small segments with a length not greater than dx; S43. After calculating the number of segments of the reference edge, divide the corresponding top edge into the same number of segments to obtain top edge encryption points; S44. Slope the top edge encryption points, and the slope direction is the connection line direction between the top edge encryption points and the corresponding points on the reference edge; obtain the point set after sloping.

5. An improved waste dump design modeling calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps also include calculating the volume of the waste body. Calculating the volume of the waste body specifically includes the following steps: After obtaining the waste body model of the waste dump, discretize the slope polygons and top surface polygons of the waste body model of the waste dump into multiple triangles, then obtain the projected triangles of the triangles on the ground, and then calculate the volume of the cylinders enclosed by the projected triangles and the triangles. Finally, sum the volumes of all the cylinders to obtain the volume of the waste body.

6. An improved waste dump design modeling calculation method as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes step: S7. Set a catch ditch on the boundary of the waste body model of the waste dump.

7. An improved waste dump design modeling calculation module, characterized in that, It includes a waste dump top boundary generation module, a slope module, an encrypted slope module, and a waste body model generation module of the waste dump. The waste dump top boundary generation module is used to obtain the cropped top surface area of the waste dump and the waste dump top boundary corresponding to the cropped top surface area of the waste dump; The slope module is used to slope the waste dump top boundary to obtain slope lines, and the slope lines include intersecting slope lines; and taking a preset distance as the reference, expand the waste dump top boundary to obtain the expanded auxiliary waste dump top boundary and calculate the optimized slope direction; The encrypted slope module is used to perform encrypted sloping on the waste dump top boundary in the optimized slope direction; And calculate the slope point set of each boundary vertex on the waste dump top boundary according to the encrypted slope, and draw and generate multiple small slopes with all adjacent slope point sets as sides to form the slope of the waste dump top boundary. The slag body model generation module of the spoil ground is used to obtain the slag body model of the spoil ground according to the slope of the top boundary of the spoil and the cropped top surface area of the spoil ground; The top boundary generation module of the spoil ground is used to perform the following steps: S11. Taking the auxiliary cylinder as a reference, calculate the two-dimensional matrix of the top surface area of the spoil ground, and the top shape of the auxiliary cylinder is a single longitudinal slope, a multi-longitudinal slope or a stepped shape; S12. Subtract the two-dimensional matrix of the top surface area of the spoil ground from the two-dimensional matrix of the bottom surface area of the spoil ground, and set the positive values in the matrix to 1 and the negative values to 0 to obtain a binarized matrix; the connected area with the value of 1 and the largest area in the binarized matrix is the two-dimensional matrix of the disposable slag. Map the two-dimensional matrix of the disposable slag to the actual terrain to obtain the disposable slag area; S13. Crop the disposable slag area to obtain the cropped top surface area of the spoil ground and the top boundary of the spoil ground corresponding to the cropped top surface area of the spoil ground; The slope module is used to perform the following steps: S31. Project the top boundary of the spoil ground onto the horizontal projection plane to obtain a planar polygon; S32. Starting from the vertices of the planar polygon, extend a preset distance outward in the angular bisector direction. The preset distance refers to the maximum horizontal distance between the vertex and the toe of the slope point to obtain the vertices of the expanded planar polygon; S33. Connect the vertices of the expanded planar polygon in sequence to obtain the expanded top boundary of the spoil, and connect the vertices of the planar polygon with the corresponding vertices of the expanded planar polygon to obtain the optimized slope direction at each vertex.

8. An improved spoil ground design modeling calculation system, Characterized in that, It includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute an improved spoil ground design modeling calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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