A small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope

Abstract

The present invention relates to a small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope, comprising an outer sheath, an inner sheath, and an electrode loop assembly. The electrode loop assembly is installed in the inner sheath and can move along the extension direction of the inner sheath. The electrode loop assembly comprises a linearly distributed positive electrode, an insulator, and a negative electrode, which are fixedly connected in sequence. The positive electrode comprises an extension section, a first bending section, and a second bending section. The extension direction of the first bending section forms a first angle with the horizontal plane. The extension direction of the second bending section forms a second angle with the horizontal plane. When energized, the positive electrode and the negative electrode form an electrical circuit with the physiological saline perfused in the electrode loop. While meeting normal electroresection conditions, the resectoscope increases the cutting and hemostasis efficiency of a simple linear electrode loop, achieves the goal of reducing the circumference of the resectoscope outer sheath to a minimum of Fr16, meets the needs of transurethral / cervical surgery for patients with a small urethral circumference or urethral / cervical stenosis, and reduces the problems of urethral / cervical injury and postoperative urethral / cervical stenosis caused by the excessive circumference of a conventional Fr26 resectoscope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cavity diagnosis and treatment, in particular to a small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope. Background Art

[0002] Plasma resectoscope is the most effective treatment for prostate and bladder tumors. Compared with conventional prostate resection, plasma bipolar resectoscope uses saline as the irrigation fluid and adopts a dynamic plasma cutting mechanism.

[0003] The excessive circumference of a transurethral resectoscope is a recognized independent risk factor for postoperative urethral stenosis. The bipolar resection loop routinely equipped with a traditional resectoscope is an arc-shaped resection ring, and its structure results in a larger outer sheath circumference, which in turn limits the safe conduct of the operation and the patient's postoperative recovery.

[0004] If the circumference of the resectoscope sheath is reduced, the diameter of the electrode ring must also be reduced. However, since the voltage required to generate plasma or high-frequency electrosurgical cutting cannot be changed, reducing the electrode ring diameter will cause two problems:

[0005] 1. The current of the electrosurgical ring is overloaded, resulting in significant consumption of the electrosurgical ring, which will significantly shorten the service life of the electrosurgical ring and significantly increase the cost of surgery;

[0006] 2. The diameter of the electrosurgical cutting loop is too small, resulting in a smaller maximum volume of tissue that can be removed each time. This will cause the surgical efficiency to decrease, the operation time to be significantly prolonged, and the surgical and anesthesia risks to increase accordingly.

[0007] Therefore, there is a natural defect in solving the problem of the excessive diameter of the resectoscope by finding a way to reduce the size of the outer sheath, inner sheath and the corresponding resectoscope ring. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Based on this, it is necessary to address the technical problem in the existing technology that it is difficult to further reduce the circumference size of the electrosurgical resectoscope while ensuring the normal operation of the electrosurgical resectoscope, which is not conducive to the safe conduct of the operation and the postoperative recovery of the patient. The present invention provides a small-caliber bipolar plasma electrosurgical resectoscope.

[0009] The invention discloses a small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope, which comprises an outer sheath, an inner sheath and an electrode loop assembly. One end of the outer sheath is a front end, and the other end is a rear end.

[0010] The electrode loop assembly is mounted within the inner sheath and can move along the inner sheath's extension. From front to back, the electrode loop assembly comprises a linearly distributed positive electrode, an insulator, and a negative electrode, all of which are fixedly connected in sequence. When energized, the positive and negative electrodes form an electrical circuit through saline.

[0011] Among them, the positive electrode serves as the working section of the electrode loop assembly and has a wavy double-bend structure. One side of the electrode loop assembly is defined as the upper side. The positive electrode includes an integrated extension section, a bending section one and a bending section two. The axes of the extension section, the bending section one and the bending section two are located in the same vertical plane. One end of the extension section is coaxially fixed to the insulator, and the other end of the extension section is connected to one end of the bending section one. The other end of the bending section one is connected to the bending section two. The bending section one points obliquely upward relative to the horizontal plane, thereby forming a first angle with the horizontal plane. The bending section two points obliquely downward relative to the horizontal plane, thereby forming a second angle with the horizontal plane. The size of the first angle is 15 to 30°. The size of the second angle is 0 to 15°; the length of the bending section one is 2 mm to 8 The length of the second bending section is 2 mm to 4 mm.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the circumference of the outer sheath is Fr16 to Fr25.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the connection between the first bending section and the extension section, as well as the connection between the first bending section and the extension section, are both rounded transitions.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the positive electrode further comprises an oblate spheroid, which is integrally connected to an end of the second bending section away from the first bending section.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the extension section, the first bending section and the second bending section are all cylindrical.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the maximum cross-section of the oblate spheroid is parallel to the end face of the second bending section, and the maximum diameter of the oblate spheroid is not less than the end face diameter of the second extending section.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the oblate spheroid is integrally connected to the second bending section.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, along the axial direction of the axis, the axial length of the insulator ranges from 3 mm to 5 mm, the axial length of the positive electrode ranges from 3 mm to 10 mm, and the axial length of the negative electrode ranges from 10 mm to 25 mm.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are both made of platinum-iridium alloy.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the insulator is made of ceramic.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This resectoscope utilizes a coaxial arrangement of the positive and negative electrodes and an insulator to create a linear bipolar electrode loop. This reduces the outer sheath diameter of the resectoscope from Fr26 to between Fr16 and Fr25, reducing the resectoscope's aperture by approximately 4% to 39%. This allows for relatively safer and more effective transurethral or transcervical procedures, while minimizing the risk of postoperative urethral / cervical stenosis. Furthermore, by providing an insulating insulator between the positive and negative electrodes and appropriately adjusting the length of the insulator, the current flowing through the positive and negative electrodes is maintained while maintaining the required plasma voltage. This prevents the electrode loop from being consumed, thereby maintaining the resectoscope's service life and minimizing its shortening.

[0023] The electrode loop assembly of the resectoscope can achieve the advantages of direct laser fiber operation by optimizing the linear structure design, and can cut the lesion tissue, such as bladder tumors, prostate tissue or intrauterine tissue. The cut or removed tissue can be sucked out of the body with a dedicated tissue pulverizer.

[0024] By setting up a working electrode with a "double-bend" structure, when performing operations such as cutting or enucleation, while obtaining an operation similar to that of a straight-out laser fiber, due to the first angle of 15 to 30 degrees between the extension section and the bend section 1, the operator can make the double-bend design of the electrosurgical cutting loop obtain a larger range of operating space than the straight-line electrosurgical cutting loop when rotating the working handpiece (operating handle) of the electrosurgical cutting scope, thereby achieving a larger range of rotational circumferential cutting and enucleation of the lesion tissue. At the same time, the size of the first angle and the length of the bend section 1 are set to minimize the range of the circumferential outer edge formed by the rotation without overloading to maintain the cutting effect, further reducing the diameter of the electrosurgical cutting scope. In addition, the 2mm to 4mm long bend section 2 can be used to produce a larger area of long cylindrical hemostatic effect in irregular tissue cavities such as the prostate fossa, rather than the small area of dot-shaped hemostatic effect of a simple straight-line electrosurgical cutting loop. In addition, due to the existence of the second angle, the second bending section can also achieve "return-hook hemostasis", solving the problem of difficulty in stopping bleeding points behind the tissue block (such as the proximal bladder neck) using straight-out laser optical fiber or linear electric cutting loop.

[0025] 2. The resectoscope can further increase the electrode hemostasis area and improve the hemostasis speed by setting a matching oblate sphere at the front end of the electrode loop assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a common arc-shaped electrosurgical cutting ring in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A simulation diagram of the electric circuit formed by the positive and negative poles of the middle arc-shaped electro-cutting ring;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the electrode loop assembly of a small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Main view of the positive electrode;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the first angle and the second angle in the positive electrode;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the oblate spheroid and one of the angles of the second bending segment;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of an electrical circuit formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode after electricity is applied through physiological saline in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Description of main component symbols

[0034] 1. Positive electrode; 10. Extension section; 11. Bending section 1; 12. Bending section 2; 13. Oblate spheroid; 2. Negative electrode; 3. Insulator.

[0035] The above description of the main component symbols is combined with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to further illustrate the present invention in detail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "mounted on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "fixed to" another component, it may be directly fixed to the other component or there may be a central component.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0039] This embodiment provides a small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope, which includes an outer sheath, an inner sheath (not shown), and an electrode loop assembly.

[0040] One end of the outer sheath is the front end, and the other end is the rear end. The electrode loop assembly is assembled in the inner sheath. During actual use, the operator can manipulate the operating handle to move the electrode loop assembly along the extension direction of the inner sheath, thereby realizing that the electrode loop assembly extends or retracts from the port of the outer sheath. In this embodiment, one of the functions of the outer sheath is to accommodate the electrode loop assembly, so that during the operation, when the resectoscope is in the insertion and detection stage, it can avoid unnecessary contact between the electrode loop assembly and the patient's tissue (such as the prostate fossa, bladder cavity or uterine cavity), thereby improving the safety of the operation. In addition, the inner sheath is assembled in the outer sheath, and a reflux water outlet channel is formed between the outer edge of the inner sheath and the outer sheath, and the space inside the inner sheath forms a flushing water channel. Of course, other functions of the outer sheath are not limited to these. The outer sheath, inner sheath, operating handle, etc. of the resectoscope are all conventional equipment of the existing resectoscope, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0041] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 The bipolar electrosurgical loop in the form of an arc-shaped electrosurgical loop commonly used in the prior art is shown in the figure, and its maximum diameter is generally 4.1 mm. If the circumference of the outer sheath of the electrosurgical loop is reduced, the diameter of the electrode ring must be reduced at the same time. However, since the voltage required to maintain the generation of plasma or high-frequency electrosurgical cutting cannot be changed, after reducing the diameter of the electrode ring, on the one hand, the current of the electrosurgical loop will be overloaded, and the electrosurgical loop will be significantly consumed, thereby significantly shortening the service life of the electrosurgical loop and greatly increasing the cost of surgery. On the other hand, if the diameter of the electrosurgical loop is too small, the volume of tissue that can be removed each time will also become smaller, which will cause a decrease in surgical efficiency, a significant extension of the surgical time, and an increase in surgical and anesthesia risks. It is difficult to solve the problem of the excessively thick circumference of the electrosurgical loop by finding a way to reduce the size of the outer sheath, inner sheath and the corresponding electrosurgical loop of the electrosurgical loop as a whole. For this reason, the shape of the traditional electrosurgical loop is improved in this embodiment, namely the electrode loop assembly described below.

[0042] See also Figure 3The electrode loop assembly includes a positive electrode 1, a negative electrode 2, and an insulator 3. From front to back, one end of the positive electrode 1, the insulator 3, and the negative electrode 2 are coaxially fixedly connected in sequence, with the axis parallel to the extension direction of the outer sheath. The axial length of the insulator 3 can range from 3mm to 5mm. The axial length of the positive electrode 1 can range from 3mm to 10mm. The axial length of the negative electrode 2 can range from 10mm to 25mm. In addition, both the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode can be made of platinum-iridium alloy. Of course, in other embodiments, other conductive and high-temperature resistant materials can also be used. The insulator 3 can be made of ceramic. Of course, other insulating and high-temperature resistant materials can also be used. Among them, when power is applied, an electrical circuit is formed between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 through the physiological saline perfused into the electrode loop assembly. By swinging the positive electrode 1 in multiple directions and rotating it along the axis of the insulator, operations such as cutting and stopping bleeding of diseased tissue can be achieved.

[0043] By coaxially arranging the positive electrode 1, the negative electrode 2, and the insulator 3, a linear bipolar electrode loop is constructed. This reduces the circumference of the resectoscope's outer sheath from 26 French (Fr) to between 16 and 25 French (Fr), a reduction of approximately 4% to 39%. This allows for relatively safer and more effective transurethral or transvaginal surgery, and is less likely to cause the side effect of postoperative urethral stenosis. Furthermore, by providing an insulating insulator 3 between the positive and negative electrodes 1 and 2, and by appropriately adjusting the length of the insulator 3, the current flowing through the positive and negative electrodes is maintained while maintaining the voltage required by the original plasma or high-frequency electrosurgical unit. This prevents the electrode loop from being consumed, thereby maintaining the normal service life of the resectoscope and preventing its shortening.

[0044] See also Figure 4 The positive electrode 1, serving as the working section of the electrode loop assembly, has a wavy, double-bend structure. The upper side of the electrode loop assembly is defined as the upper side. The positive electrode 1 can include an integral extension section 10, a first bend section 11, a second bend section 12, and an oblate spheroid 13. The extension section 10, the first bend section 11, the second bend section 12, and the oblate spheroid 13 are all located in the same vertical plane as the axis. One end of the extension section 10 is coaxially fixedly connected to the insulator 3, and the other end of the extension section 10 is connected to one end of the first bend section 11. The other end of the first bend section 11 is connected to the second bend section 12.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the bending section 11 is obliquely pointed upward relative to the horizontal plane, thereby forming a first angle with the horizontal plane; the bending section 2 12 is obliquely pointed downward relative to the horizontal plane, thereby forming a second angle with the horizontal plane; the size of the first angle is 15 to 30°; the size of the second angle is 0 to 15°; the length of the bending section 11 is 2 mm to 8 mm, and the length of the bending section 2 12 is 2 to 4 mm.

[0046] Figure 5 Here, α represents the first angle, and β represents the second angle. The first angle can be designed to be larger than the second angle. In this embodiment, the first angle is preferably 30°, while the second angle is preferably 10°. Furthermore, the connection between the first bending section 11 and the extension section 10, as well as the connection with the second bending section 12, can be rounded to avoid sharp transitions that could cause additional harm to the patient.

[0047] In this embodiment, the linear electrode loop assembly can achieve the advantages of direct laser fiber operation (the operation effect on the left and right transverse planes or the upper and lower longitudinal planes during transurethral / cervical laser operation), cutting and treating lesion tissue, such as bladder tumors, prostate tissue, or intrauterine tissue. The cut or excised tissue can be aspirated out of the body with a dedicated tissue pulverizer. By providing a positive electrode 1 with a double-bend structure, when performing cutting or excising operations, due to the first angle of 15 to 30 degrees between the extension section 10 and the bend section 11, a wider range of operating space can be obtained by rotating the working handpiece (operating handle) of the resectoscope, achieving rotational circumferential cutting and excising of the lesion tissue. At the same time, the size of the first angle and the length of the bend section 11 can minimize the circumferential outer edge formed by rotation without overloading to maintain the cutting effect, further reducing the diameter of the resectoscope. In addition, by adjusting the angle of the resectoscope, the bend section 2 12 can be used to directly contact the affected tissue, achieving hemostasis over a larger area. Due to the existence of the second angle, the second bending section 12 can also achieve back-hook hemostasis, solving the problem of difficulty in hemostasis of bleeding points behind the tissue block (such as the proximal bladder neck) by using a straight laser fiber or a linear electric cutting loop.

[0048] Please combine Figure 6 The oblate spheroid 13 can be integrally connected to the end of the second bend section 12 away from the first bend section 11. In this embodiment, the extension section 10, the first bend section 11, and the second bend section 12 can all be solid cylindrical. The largest cross-section of the oblate spheroid 13 is parallel to the end surface of the second bend section 12, and the maximum diameter of the oblate spheroid 13 is no less than the end surface diameter of the extension section 102. By providing the oblate spheroid 13 at the front end of the electrode loop assembly, the electrode hemostasis area can be further increased, thereby improving the hemostasis speed.

[0049] See also Figure 7 It should be noted that, when energized, an electrical circuit is formed between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 via conductive saline. The bipolar plasma generator generates plasma around the cylindrical shape of the positive electrode 1, enabling procedures such as cutting, enucleation, and hemostasis of lesions. The operator adjusts the location of these procedures by rotating, swinging, and translating the positive electrode 1 in various directions.

[0050] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0051] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope, comprising an outer sheath and an inner sheath; one end of the outer sheath is a front end, and the other end is a rear end; characterized in that: The resectoscope further comprises: An electrode loop assembly is assembled in the inner sheath and can move along the extension direction of the inner sheath; in the direction from the front end to the rear end, the electrode loop assembly comprises a linearly distributed positive electrode (1), an insulator (3) and a negative electrode (2), and the three are fixedly connected in sequence; an electrical circuit is formed between the positive electrode (1) and the negative electrode (2) through physiological saline after power is applied; The positive electrode (1) serves as the working section of the electrode loop assembly and has a wavy double-bend structure; one side of the electrode loop assembly is defined as the upper side; the positive electrode (1) includes an integral extension section (10), a first bending section (11), and a second bending section (12); the axes of the extension section (10), the first bending section (11), and the second bending section (12) are located in the same vertical plane; one end of the extension section (10) is coaxially fixedly connected to the insulator (3), and the other end of the extension section (10) is connected to one end of the first bending section (11); the other end of the first bending section (11) is connected to the insulator (3); The end is connected to the bending section 2 (12); the bending section 1 (11) is obliquely pointed upward relative to the horizontal plane, thereby forming a first angle with the horizontal plane; the bending section 2 (12) is obliquely pointed downward relative to the horizontal plane, thereby forming a second angle with the horizontal plane; the size of the first angle is 15~30°; the size of the second angle is 0~15°; the length of the bending section 1 (11) is 2mm~8mm; the length of the bending section 2 (12) is 2mm~4mm; the extension section (10), the bending section 1 (11) and the bending section 2 (12) are all cylindrical; The positive electrode (1) further includes an oblate spheroid (13); the oblate spheroid (13) is integrally connected to an end of the second bending section (12) away from the first bending section (11).

2. The small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumference specification of the outer sheath is Fr16~Fr25.

3. The small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the bending section 1 (11) and the extension section (10), as well as the connection between the bending section 1 (11) and the extension section (10), are both rounded transitions.

4. The small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum cross-section of the oblate spheroid (13) is parallel to the end face of the second bending section (12), and the maximum diameter of the oblate spheroid (13) is not less than the end face diameter of the second bending section (12).

5. The small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial length of the insulator (3) ranges from 3 mm to 5 mm; the axial length of the positive electrode (1) ranges from 3 mm to 10 mm; and the axial length of the negative electrode (2) ranges from 10 mm to 25 mm.

6. The small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode (1) and the negative electrode (2) are both made of platinum-iridium alloy.

7. The small-caliber bipolar plasma resectoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulator (3) is made of ceramic.

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