A method for measuring surface geometry features of a part

Abstract

A kind of surface geometry feature measurement method of parts, first, the three-dimensional topographic feature map of the surface of parts is acquired, then based on three-dimensional topographic feature map, line is divided on three-dimensional topographic feature surface, and the two-dimensional profile curve of line space position is extracted;Second, the two-dimensional profile curve is converted into three-dimensional space, and the maximum value and minimum value in two-dimensional profile curve are selected;Then, the data profile curve and data distribution band of maximum value and minimum value are drawn, and then the surface geometry feature of parts is evaluated based on data distribution band.The present application can comprehensively cover all data points of surface geometry feature of parts, with higher measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surface geometric topography measurement, specifically a method for measuring the surface geometric topography of components. Background Technology

[0002] The surface geometry of components affects the fit, contact stiffness, vibration, and noise between the components and mechanical parts. The measurement of the surface geometry of components is mainly represented by the surface roughness Ra value. In the prior art, the surface roughness Ra value represents the geometric distribution law of the maximum peak value and minimum trough value of the local area contour of the component surface, and the surface morphology curves in different directions and positions are significantly different.

[0003] In existing technologies, the surface geometric features of local area contours cannot fully and accurately represent the surface roughness of parts. The measurement methods of surface geometric features cannot fully cover the surface contour features of the measured parts, resulting in large errors in engineering applications and causing huge economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for measuring the geometric features of the surface of a component, which can comprehensively cover all data points of the geometric features of the surface of the component and has higher measurement accuracy.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention employs a specific solution: a method for measuring the geometric features of a component surface. First, a three-dimensional topographic feature map of the component surface is acquired. Then, based on the three-dimensional topographic feature map, lines are divided on the three-dimensional topographic feature surface, and two-dimensional contour curves representing the spatial positions of the lines are extracted. Second, the two-dimensional contour curves are transformed into three-dimensional space, and the maximum and minimum values ​​in the two-dimensional contour curves are selected. Then, data contour curves and data distribution bands for the maximum and minimum values ​​are plotted, and the surface geometric features of the component are evaluated based on the data distribution bands.

[0006] As a further optimization of the method for measuring the surface geometric features of a component according to the present invention, the following steps are specifically included:

[0007] S1: Scan the component using an optical scanning device to obtain a three-dimensional topographic feature map of the component surface;

[0008] S2: Based on the three-dimensional topographic feature map in S1 above, lines are divided on the three-dimensional topographic feature surface, and the two-dimensional contour curves of the spatial position of the lines are extracted using optical scanning equipment data processing software.

[0009] S3: Extract the maximum and minimum values ​​of the same X-axis coordinate and different Y-axis coordinates along the Z-axis projection direction from the two-dimensional contour curve data in S2 above.

[0010] S4: Based on the maximum and minimum values ​​extracted from the two-dimensional contour curves above, draw the data contour curves of the maximum and minimum values, and connect the data distribution bands in the middle area between the maximum and minimum values;

[0011] S5: Evaluate the surface contour features of components based on the data distribution bands of the component surface contour features.

[0012] As a further optimization of the method for measuring the surface geometric features of a component according to the present invention: in step S1, the component is scanned using a SuperView W1 or Keyence VR-6000 optical scanning device.

[0013] As a further optimization of the method for measuring the geometric features of the surface of a component according to the present invention: in step S2, lines are sequentially divided on the surface of the above-mentioned three-dimensional morphology feature map, with adjacent lines distributed in parallel at intervals.

[0014] As a further optimization of the method for measuring the surface geometric features of a component according to the present invention: in step S2, the two-dimensional contour curve of the spatial position of the line is extracted by the data processing software Gwyddion of the optical scanning device.

[0015] As a further optimization of the method for measuring the geometric features of the surface of a component according to the present invention: in step S3, the two-dimensional contour curve data on the line is first imported into Excel, and then the maximum and minimum values ​​of the same X-axis coordinate and different Y-axis coordinates along the Z-axis projection direction are extracted from the two-dimensional contour curve, thereby obtaining the maximum and minimum values ​​of all curves on the surface contour features of the component.

[0016] As a further optimization of the method for measuring the surface geometric features of a component according to the present invention: in step S2, n sets of contour curve data are obtained, the first set of contour curve data being (x1, y1), ..., (x1, y2)... n The second set of contour curve data is (x2, y1), ..., (x2, y2). n The nth group of contour curve data is (x n ,y1),......,(x n y n ).

[0017] As a further optimization of the method for measuring the surface geometric features of a component according to the present invention: in step S3, the minimum value (x1, y1) is selected from the first set of contour curve data. min ) and maximum value (x1, y max ); Take (x2, y) from the second set of contour curve data min (x2, y) and (x2, y) max); Select the minimum value (x) from the nth group of contour curve data. n y min ) and maximum value (x) n y max ).

[0018] As a further optimization of the method for measuring the surface geometric features of a component according to the present invention: in step S4, the X-axis and Y-axis are set respectively using plotting software Origin or Excel, and the minimum value (x1, y1) obtained in S3 is used as the basis for further optimization. min (x2, y) min ), ......, (x n y min ) and maximum value (x1, y max (x2, y) max ), ......, (x n y max Draw data profile curves to obtain the data profile curves of the maximum and minimum values; connect the middle areas of the data profile curves of the maximum and minimum values ​​to form a data distribution band representing the surface morphology characteristics of the parts.

[0019] Beneficial effects

[0020] In this invention, lines are sequentially divided on a three-dimensional morphological feature surface, and two-dimensional contour curves representing the spatial positions of these lines are obtained through processing. The maximum and minimum values ​​of all curves on the surface contour feature are extracted from the two-dimensional contour curve data of all lines. These maximum and minimum values ​​are then used to obtain maximum and minimum value data contour curves using drawing software. Connecting the regions between the maximum and minimum values ​​forms a data distribution band representing the surface morphological features of the component. This data distribution band allows for the refinement of the component's surface contour and the concentration of data within it, reducing the difference between the maximum and minimum values, improving the component's machining and assembly accuracy, and enhancing its contact stiffness and operational noise. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 Flowchart for measuring surface geometric features;

[0022] Figure 2 A three-dimensional feature map of the surface morphology;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of extracted lines on a three-dimensional morphological feature surface.

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram for extracting the surface contour features of lines;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of surface contour feature data.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the surface roughness profile distribution; Detailed Implementation

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for measuring the surface geometric features of a component, specifically a gear, includes the following steps:

[0028] S1: Scan the gear using the SuperView W1 optical scanning device to obtain the following... Figure 2 The image shows the three-dimensional morphological features of the gear tooth surface.

[0029] S2: Based on the three-dimensional topographic feature map of the gear tooth surface described above, the surface of the three-dimensional topographic feature map is divided sequentially as follows: Figure 3 Lines 1, 2, 3 and 4 are shown. They are distributed in parallel intervals. Then, the two-dimensional contour curves of the spatial positions of lines 1, 2, 3 and 4 are extracted in the optical scanning equipment data processing software Gwyddion.

[0030] S3: Import the two-dimensional contour curve data on the above lines into Excel, and extract the maximum and minimum values ​​of the same X-axis coordinate and different Y-axis coordinates along the Z-axis projection direction from the two-dimensional contour curve, thereby obtaining the following... Figure 4 The maximum and minimum values ​​of all curves on the gear surface profile feature shown.

[0031] The first set of contour curve data is: (x1, y1), (x1, y2), (x1, y3), ..., (x1, y4), ..., (x1, y5), ... n ), where the minimum and maximum values ​​(x1, y1, y2) are selected from the first set of contour curve data. min ) and (x1, y max ).

[0032] The second set of contour curve data is: (x2, y1), (x2, y2), (x2, y3), ..., (x2, y1), (x2, y2), (x2, y3), ..., (x2, y2), ... n ), where the minimum value (x2, y) is selected from the second set of contour curve data. min ) and maximum value (x2, y max ).

[0033] The third set of contour curve data is: (x3, y1), (x3, y2), (x3, y3), ..., (x3, y1), (x3, y2), ..., (x3, y3), ... n ), where the minimum value (x3, y) is selected from the third set of contour curve data. min ) and maximum value (x3, y max ). .....

[0034] The nth set of contour curve data is: (x n ,y1),(x n y2), (x n ,y3),.....、(x n y n ), where the minimum value (x) is selected from the nth group of contour curve data. n y min ) and maximum value (x) n y max ).

[0035] S4: In the Origin plotting software, set the X-axis and Y-axis respectively, and extract the minimum value (x1, y1) from all the above curves. min (x2, y) min (x3, y) min ),...,(x n y min ) and maximum value (x1, y max (x2, y) max (x3, y) max ),...,(x n y max Plot the data profile curves to obtain the data profile curves for the maximum and minimum values. Connect the intermediate regions of the maximum and minimum values ​​to form a representation of the surface morphology of the gear, such as... Figure 5 The data distribution bands shown are shown.

[0036] pass Figure 6 The data distribution band in the process modifies the surface profile of the gear, ensuring that the data on the data distribution band representing the profile features is relatively concentrated, reducing the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​on the data distribution band, improving the gear's machining and assembly accuracy, and improving the contact stiffness and operating noise between the gear and mechanical parts.

[0037] The specific implementation of this invention is as follows: First, an optical scanning device scans the gear to obtain a three-dimensional topographic feature image of the gear tooth surface. Several lines are then drawn on the surface of this three-dimensional topographic feature image. Second, two-dimensional contour curves representing the spatial positions of the lines are extracted using optical scanning data processing software. The two-dimensional contour curve data is imported into Excel to obtain the maximum and minimum values ​​of all curves on the gear surface contour feature. Then, the maximum and minimum values ​​of all curves are imported into drawing software to draw data contour curves, obtaining the data contour curves of the maximum and minimum values. The intermediate regions of the data contour curves of the maximum and minimum values ​​are connected to form a representation of the gear surface topographic feature.

Claims

1. A method of measuring surface topography of a part, the method comprising: Firstly, the three-dimensional topographic feature map of the surface of the part is obtained, and then the lines are divided on the three-dimensional topographic feature surface based on the three-dimensional topographic feature map, and the two-dimensional profile curve of the spatial position of the lines is extracted; secondly, the two-dimensional profile curve is converted into three-dimensional space, and the maximum value and the minimum value in the two-dimensional profile curve are selected; then, the data profile curve and the data distribution band of the maximum value and the minimum value are drawn, and the surface geometric features of the part are evaluated based on the data distribution band; specifically comprising the following steps: S1: scanning the part by an optical scanning device to obtain a three-dimensional topographic feature map of the surface of the part; S2: based on the three-dimensional topographic feature map in S1, lines are divided on the three-dimensional topographic feature surface, and the two-dimensional profile curve of the spatial position of the lines is extracted by using the optical scanning device data processing software; S3: the maximum value and the minimum value of the same X-axis coordinate and different Y-axis coordinates in the projection direction along the Z-axis are extracted from the two-dimensional profile curve data in S2; S4: according to the maximum value and the minimum value extracted from the two-dimensional profile curve, the data profile curve of the maximum value and the minimum value is drawn, and the data distribution band connecting the intermediate region of the maximum value and the minimum value is drawn; S5: based on the data distribution band of the surface profile features of the part, the surface profile features of the part are evaluated. In the step S2, the lines are sequentially divided on the three-dimensional topographic feature map, and the adjacent lines are parallelly distributed with an interval; in the step S2, n groups of profile curve data are obtained, the first group of profile curve data is (x 1, y 1), (x 1, y n), the second group of profile curve data is (x 2, y 1), (x 2, y n), and the n th group of profile curve data is (x n, y 1), (x n, y n); In the step S3, the minimum value (x 1, y min) and the maximum value (x 1, y max) are extracted from the first group of profile curve data; (x 2, y min) and (x 2, y max) are taken from the second group of profile curve data; and the minimum value (x n, y min) and the maximum value (x n, y max) are selected from the n th group of profile curve data; In the step S4, the X-axis and the Y-axis are set by using a drawing software Origin or Excel, and the minimum value (x 1, y min), (x 2, y min), (x n, y min) and the maximum value (x 1, y max), (x 2, y max), (x n, y max) obtained in S3 are used to draw the data profile curve, so that the data profile curve of the maximum value and the minimum value is obtained; the intermediate region of the data profile curve of the maximum value and the minimum value is connected to form a data distribution band representing the surface topographic features of the part. In the step S1, the part is scanned by a SuperView W1 or a Keyence VR-6000 optical scanning device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: In the step S2, the two-dimensional profile curve of the spatial position of the lines is extracted in the optical scanning device data processing software Gwyddion.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: ​ 4. The method of claim 1, wherein: The step S3 firstly imports the two-dimensional profile curve data on the line into Excel, and then extracts the maximum value and the minimum value of the same X-axis coordinate and the different Y-axis coordinate along the Z-axis projection direction in the two-dimensional profile curve, so as to obtain the maximum value and the minimum value of all curves on the surface profile feature of the part.

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