Beam switching operation for systems with high subcarrier spacing

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A device, such as a user equipment (UE) or a base station, may identify a beam switching capability of the UE, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval, a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations, or a combination thereof. The device may determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based at least in part on one or more parameters (e.g., one or more symbol period durations, one or more numbers of beam switches during a transmission time interval, one or more adjustment parameters, one or more thresholds associated with the capabilities of the UE, etc.). The device may perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. patent application No. 17 / 225,893, filed by NAM et al. on April 8, 2021, entitled “BEAM SWITCHINGOPERATION FOR SYSTEMS WITH HIGH SUBCARRIER SPACING,” and U.S. provisional patent application No. 63 / 008,524, filed by NAM et al. on April 10, 2020, entitled “BEAM SWITCHING OPERATION FOR SYSTEMS WITH HIGH SUBCARRIER SPACING,” each of which is assigned to the assignee of this application and expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The following relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly to beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing.

[0004] background

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems (such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems), and fifth generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ various technologies, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each base station or network access node simultaneously supporting communication with multiple communication devices, which may be further referred to as user equipment (UE).

[0006] Wireless communication system devices (such as UEs and base stations) can support beamforming to use directional signal transmission to enhance communication reliability and efficiency. These devices can switch between various directional beams during transmission periods, and the ability to efficiently switch between beams may be limited by device hardware.

[0007] Overview

[0008] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing. In general, the described techniques can enable a device (e.g., a user equipment (UE) or a base station) in a wireless communication system to implement one or more beam switching rules as described herein, which can result in improved performance in the wireless communication system. For example, a device can identify a beam switching capability of a UE (e.g., a number of beam switches that the UE can perform per a number of time slots, a threshold beam dwell time (such as a minimum beam dwell time between one or more beam switching operations), or both). The device can determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based at least in part on the one or more beam switching rules. For example, the device can determine a first number of beam switches associated with a first code element period of a transmission time interval and a second number of beam switches associated with the remaining code element periods of the transmission time interval. The device can determine that the capability is satisfied based on comparing the first number of beam switches and the second number of beam switches to a threshold number of beam switches indicated by the beam switching capability of the UE. In some examples, the device can adjust the first number of beam switches by adjusting a parameter. Additionally or alternatively, the device may determine that the capability is met based on comparing the time period between beam switching operations to a threshold number of symbol periods. In some examples, the device may adjust the threshold number of symbol periods for a first symbol period of the transmission time interval based on an adjustment parameter associated with the first symbol period.

[0009] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include receiving a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station; identifying a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determining a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval; and determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing the determined first beam switching number and the determined second beam switching number with the indicated threshold number of beam switches.

[0010] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station; identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determine a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval; and determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing the determined first beam switching number and the determined second beam switching number with the indicated threshold number of beam switches.

[0011] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include means for: receiving a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station; identifying a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determining a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval; and determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing the determined first beam switching number and the determined second beam switching number with the indicated threshold number of beam switches.

[0012] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station; identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determine a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval; and determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing the determined first beam switching number and the determined second beam switching number with the indicated threshold number of beam switches.

[0013] Some examples of the methods, devices, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, devices, or instructions for: identifying an adjustment parameter associated with a first number of beam switches, wherein determining the first number of beam switches associated with a first codeword period may be based on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0014] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for adjusting a value of the first beam switching number based on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, devices, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, adjusting the value of the first beam switching number may include operations, features, devices, or instructions for scaling the value of the first beam switching number by an adjustment parameter, subtracting the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the first beam switching number, or a combination thereof.

[0016] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an indication of the adjustment parameter, beam switching capability, or both to a base station.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the adjustment parameter may be indicated by the beam switching capability of the UE, the pre-configuration of the UE, or a combination thereof.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, determining that the beam switching capability of a UE may be satisfied may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for: comparing the sum of a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods with a threshold beam switching number; and determining that the sum satisfies the threshold beam switching number.

[0019] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for performing one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capabilities of the UE may be satisfied.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first symbol period of a transmission time interval may be located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a size of a first symbol period may be greater than sizes of remaining symbol periods.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first cyclic prefix duration of a first symbol period may be greater than a second cyclic prefix duration of a symbol period in the remaining symbol periods.

[0023] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include receiving a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station during a transmission time interval; identifying a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identifying an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval; and determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on the first symbol period, a second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and the adjustment parameter.

[0024] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station during a transmission time interval; identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval; and determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on the first symbol period, a second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and the adjustment parameter.

[0025] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include means for receiving a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station during a transmission time interval; identifying a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identifying an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval; and determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on the first symbol period, a second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and the adjustment parameter.

[0026] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station during a transmission time interval; identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval; and determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on the first symbol period, a second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and the adjustment parameter.

[0027] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for adjusting the threshold number of symbol periods based on an adjustment parameter.

[0028] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, adjusting the threshold number of symbol periods may include operations, features, devices, or instructions for scaling the value of the threshold number of symbol periods by an adjustment parameter, subtracting the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the threshold number of symbol periods, or a combination thereof.

[0029] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an indication of the adjustment parameter, beam switching capability, or both to a base station.

[0030] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the adjustment parameter may be indicated by the beam switching capability of the UE, the pre-configuration of the UE, or a combination thereof.

[0031] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for performing a first beam switching operation during a first symbol period of a transmission time interval, and performing a second beam switching operation during a second symbol period of the transmission time interval.

[0032] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, determining that the beam switching capability of a UE may be satisfied may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for comparing the number of symbol periods between a first beam switching operation and a second beam switching operation with a threshold number of symbol periods or the difference between the threshold number of symbol periods and an adjustment parameter.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first symbol period of a transmission time interval may be located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a size of a first symbol period may be greater than sizes of remaining symbol periods.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first cyclic prefix duration of a first symbol period may be greater than a second cyclic prefix duration of a symbol period in the remaining symbol periods.

[0036] A method for wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include identifying a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval to the threshold number of beam switches; and transmitting an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied.

[0037] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: identify a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval to the threshold number of beam switches; and transmit an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied.

[0038] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for: identifying a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval to the threshold number of beam switches; and transmitting an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied.

[0039] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: identify a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval to the threshold number of beam switches; and transmit an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied.

[0040] Some examples of the methods, devices, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, devices, or instructions for: identifying an adjustment parameter associated with the first number of beam switches; and determining the first number of beam switches based on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0041] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for adjusting a value of the first beam switching number based on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0042] In some examples of the methods, devices, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, adjusting the value of the first beam switching number may include operations, features, devices, or instructions for scaling the value of the first beam switching number by an adjustment parameter, subtracting the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the first beam switching number, or a combination thereof.

[0043] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of an adjustment parameter, beam switching capability, or both from a UE.

[0044] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, determining that the beam switching capability of a UE may be satisfied may include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for: comparing the sum of a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods with a threshold beam switching number; and determining that the sum satisfies the threshold beam switching number.

[0045] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first symbol period of a transmission time interval may be located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval.

[0046] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a size of a first symbol period may be greater than sizes of remaining symbol periods.

[0047] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first cyclic prefix duration of a first symbol period may be greater than a second cyclic prefix duration of a symbol period in the remaining symbol periods.

[0048] A method for wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include identifying a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identifying an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of a transmission time interval; determining a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation based on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter; and transmitting an indication to the UE to perform the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period and to perform the second beam switching operation during the second symbol period.

[0049] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: identify a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of a transmission time interval; determine a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation based on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter; and transmit an indication to the UE to perform the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period and to perform the second beam switching operation during the second symbol period.

[0050] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for: identifying a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identifying an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of a transmission time interval; determining a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation based on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter; and transmitting an indication to the UE to perform the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period and to perform the second beam switching operation during the second symbol period.

[0051] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: identify a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of a transmission time interval; determine a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation based on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter; and transmit an indication to the UE to perform the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period and to perform the second beam switching operation during the second symbol period.

[0052] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for adjusting the threshold number of symbol periods based on an adjustment parameter.

[0053] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, adjusting the threshold number of symbol periods may include operations, features, devices, or instructions for scaling the value of the threshold number of symbol periods by an adjustment parameter, subtracting the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the threshold number of symbol periods, or a combination thereof.

[0054] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of an adjustment parameter, beam switching capability, or both from a UE.

[0055] Some examples of the methods, devices (apparatus), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatus, or instructions for performing a first beam switching operation during a first symbol period of a transmission time interval, and performing a second beam switching operation during a second symbol period of the transmission time interval.

[0056] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, determining that the beam switching capability of a UE may be satisfied may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for comparing the number of symbol periods between a first beam switching operation and a second beam switching operation with a threshold number of symbol periods or the difference between the threshold number of symbol periods and an adjustment parameter.

[0057] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first symbol period of a transmission time interval may be located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval.

[0058] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a size of a first symbol period may be greater than sizes of remaining symbol periods.

[0059] In some examples of the methods, devices (apparatuses), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first cyclic prefix duration of a first symbol period may be greater than a second cyclic prefix duration of a symbol period in the remaining symbol periods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1

[0014] An example of a wireless communication system supporting beam switching operation for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0062] Figure 2

[0014] An example of a wireless communication system supporting beam switching operation for systems with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0063] Figure 3 An example of a timeline supporting beam switching operations for a system with high subcarrier spacing is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0064] Figure 4 An example of a process flow supporting beam switching operations for a system with high subcarrier spacing is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0065] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A block diagram of an apparatus supporting beam switching operation for a system with high subcarrier spacing is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0066] Figure 7 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0067] Figure 8 A diagram of a system including devices supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0068] Figure 9 and 10 A block diagram of an apparatus supporting beam switching operation for a system with high subcarrier spacing is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0069] Figure 11 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0070] Figure 12 A diagram of a system including devices supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0071] Figures 13 to 16 A flow chart illustrating a method of supporting beam switching operations for a system with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0072] Detailed description

[0073] Devices in wireless communication systems can support beamforming to enhance reliability and efficiency using directional signal transmission. For example, a base station and user equipment (UE) can communicate using various beam pairs, and the device can switch between beams during a transmission period. UE hardware limitations may increase the overhead of beam switching. More specifically, analog beam switching for the UE may include decoding control information, reprogramming RF software and / or firmware, retuning the RF front end, and the like. These procedures may result in beam switching delays. Thus, when scheduling resources for communication between the UE and the base station, the base station can take into account the UE beam switching delay.

[0074] Devices in wireless communication systems can operate in various frequency bands, and the subcarrier spacing used for communication can depend on the operating band. For example, in high-band operation of new radio (NR) systems (e.g., ~60 GHz carrier frequency or FR4 design), the subcarrier spacing can be increased to limit or prevent phase noise. The subcarrier spacing can also inform the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) codeword length and the cyclic prefix length between adjacent codewords during the transmission duration. More specifically, as the subcarrier spacing increases, the OFDM codeword length and the cyclic prefix length can decrease (e.g., the OFDM codeword length and the cyclic prefix length are inversely proportional to the subcarrier spacing). In some subcarrier spacings, the cyclic prefix duration can provide a guard period during which the UE can perform beam switching between codeword periods. However, for higher subcarrier spacings (and shorter OFDM codewords and cyclic prefix lengths), the cyclic prefix may not contain a beam switching delay.

[0075] Accordingly, the UE may report beam switching capabilities for subcarrier spacing so that the base station can provide time gaps when scheduling UE communications, which can accommodate the beam switching delay indicated by the UE. In some examples, the beam switching capabilities reported by the UE may indicate the number of beam switches (N) that the UE can perform for the subcarrier spacing per a number (M) of time slots. The indicated number of beam switches (N) may be the number of transmit (Tx) beam changes or receive (Rx) beam changes, or both, and the number of time slots may be greater than one. The UE may use these parameters to report the values ​​of N and M. In some examples, these values ​​may be implicitly determined with reference to a reference subcarrier spacing or a reference time duration.

[0076] The techniques described herein can enable a device (e.g., a UE, a base station, or both) to implement one or more beam switching rules (e.g., based on beam switching capabilities), which can result in improved performance in a wireless communication system. For example, a device can identify the beam switching capabilities of a UE (e.g., the number N of beam switches that the UE can perform per a number (M) of time slots, a threshold beam dwell time (such as a minimum beam dwell time K between one or more beam switching operations), or both). The device can determine that the beam switching capabilities of the UE are met based at least in part on the one or more beam switching rules. For example, the device can determine a first number of beam switches (N1) associated with a first code period of a transmission time interval and a second number of beam switches (N2) associated with the remaining code periods of the transmission time interval. In some examples, the first code period can be relatively longer than the remaining code periods. The device can determine that the beam switching capabilities are met based on comparing N1 and N2 to a threshold number of beam switches (e.g., N) indicated by the beam switching capabilities of the UE. In some examples, the device can adjust the first number of beam switches by adjusting a parameter (α). For example, the device may scale N1 by the adjustment parameter, add the adjustment parameter to N1, subtract the adjustment parameter from N1, among other examples of adjustment operations.

[0077] Additionally or alternatively, the device may determine that the capability is met based on comparing the time period between beam switching operations to a threshold number of symbol periods (K). In some examples, the device may adjust the value of K for a first symbol period of the transmission time interval based on an adjustment parameter (β) associated with the first symbol period. For example, the device may scale K for the first time period by the adjustment parameter, add the adjustment parameter to K, subtract the adjustment parameter from K, and other examples of adjustment operations.

[0078] Aspects of the present disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communication systems. Aspects of the present disclosure are subsequently described in the context of timelines and process flows. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described by and with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow diagrams related to beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing.

[0079] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 that supports beam switching operation for a system with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0080] Base stations 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form wireless communication system 100 and may be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UEs 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 may provide a coverage area 110 over which UEs 115 and base stations 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which base stations 105 and UEs 115 may support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0081] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. The UEs 115 may be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. Figure 1 1. The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, base stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relays, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment), such as Figure 1 As shown in .

[0082] Each base station 105 can communicate with the core network 130, with each other, or both. For example, the base stations 105 can interface with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). The base stations 105 can communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the base stations 105), indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130), or both directly and indirectly on the backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces). In some examples, the backhaul links 120 can be or include one or more wireless links.

[0083] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include or may be referred to by one of ordinary skill in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B, or a Gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a Home Node B, a Home Evolved Node B, or other suitable terminology.

[0084] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects, such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0085] The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may sometimes act as relays, as well as base stations 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown in .

[0086] The UE 115 and the base station 105 may communicate wirelessly with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" may refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. The UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0087] The signal waveform transmitted on the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using a multicarrier modulation (MCM) technique such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may include one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the code rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more resource elements received by UE 115 and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate of UE 115 can be. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers may further improve the data rate or data integrity of communications with UE 115.

[0088] The time interval of the base station 105 or the UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, which can be, for example, a sampling period T s =1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max It can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The maximum supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size may be indicated. Time intervals of communication resources may be organized according to radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0089] Each frame may include a plurality of consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of code element periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each code element period). In some wireless communication systems 100, a time slot may be further divided into a plurality of mini-time slots containing one or more code elements. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each code element period may contain one or more (e.g., N f ) sampling period. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating band.

[0090] A subframe, slot, mini-slot, or symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0091] Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. Physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels may be defined by a number of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of a carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more of UEs 115 may monitor or search the control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space sets may include a common search space set configured for transmitting control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115 .

[0092] In some examples, base stations 105 can be mobile and, therefore, provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 can be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can be supported by different base stations 105. The wireless communication system 100 can include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0093] The wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. The UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency or critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication can include private communication or group communication and can be supported by one or more mission-critical services such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData). Support for mission-critical functions can include prioritization of services, and mission-critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency can be used interchangeably herein.

[0094] In some examples, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs 115 utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, groups of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, in which each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without involving base station 105.

[0095] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and the EPC or 5GC may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) that manages access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)) that routes packets or interconnects to external networks. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by base stations 105 associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be delivered through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to the network operator IP service 150. Operator IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0096] Some network devices (such as base stations 105) may include subcomponents, such as access network entities 140, which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with each UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmit / receive points (TRPs). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0097] The wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally speaking, the 300 MHz to 3 GHz region is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or the decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter long. UHF waves can be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but these waves can penetrate various structures sufficiently for macrocells to provide service to UEs 115 located indoors. Transmissions using UHF waves can be associated with smaller antennas and a shorter range (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to transmissions using the lower frequencies and longer wavelengths in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0098] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band, such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. When operating in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, devices (such as base stations 105 and UEs 115) may employ carrier sensing for conflict detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations in the unlicensed band may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in coordination with component carriers operating in the licensed band. Operations in the unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among others.

[0099] The base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of the base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with the base station 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The base station 105 may have an antenna array having several rows and columns of antenna ports that the base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0100] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array so that some signals propagating at a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals communicated via antenna elements can include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with that device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0101] The base station 105 or the UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of a beamforming operation. For example, the base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with the UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by the base station 105 in different directions. For example, the base station 105 may transmit signals according to different sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. The transmissions in different beam directions may be used (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as the base station 105) or a receiving device (such as the UE 115)) to identify a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the base station 105.

[0102] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular recipient device, may be transmitted by base station 105 in a single beam direction, e.g., a direction associated with a recipient device, such as UE 115. In some examples, a beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by base station 105 in different directions and may report to base station 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0103] In some examples, transmission by a device (e.g., by a base station 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from the base station 105 to the UE 115). The UE 115 may report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured number of beams across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. The base station 105 may transmit reference signals that may be precoded or unprecoded (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by base station 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may use similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115) or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0104] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may attempt multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from base station 105. For example, the receiving device may attempt multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array (e.g., different directional listening weight sets), or processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening" according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving data signals). The single receive configuration may be aligned on a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0105] In some examples, UE 115 can report beam switching capabilities for subcarrier spacing so that base station 105 can provide time gaps when scheduling UE communications that can accommodate the beam switching delay indicated by UE 115. In some examples, the beam switching capabilities reported by UE 115 can indicate the number of beam switches (N) that the UE can perform for the subcarrier spacing every number (M) of time slots. The indicated number of beam switches (N) can be the number of Tx beam changes or Rx beam changes, or both, and the number of time slots can be greater than one. The UE can use these parameters to report the values ​​of N and M. In some examples, these values ​​can be implicitly determined with reference to a reference subcarrier spacing or a reference time duration.

[0106] The techniques described herein can enable a device (e.g., a UE 115, a base station 105, or both) to implement one or more beam switching rules (e.g., based on beam switching capabilities), which can result in improved performance in the wireless communication system 100. For example, the device can identify the beam switching capabilities of the UE 115 (e.g., the number N of beam switches that the UE can perform per a number (M) of time slots, the minimum beam dwell time K between one or more beam switching operations, or both). The device can determine that the beam switching capabilities of the UE 115 are satisfied based at least in part on the one or more beam switching rules. For example, the device can determine a first beam switching number (N1) associated with a first symbol period of a transmission time interval and a second beam switching number (N2) associated with the remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval. In some examples, the first symbol period can be relatively longer than the remaining symbol periods. The device can determine that the beam switching capabilities are satisfied based on comparing N1 and N2 to a threshold beam switching number (e.g., N) indicated by the beam switching capabilities of the UE. In some examples, the device can adjust the first beam switching quantity by adjusting a parameter (α). For example, the device can scale N1 by the adjustment parameter, add the adjustment parameter to N1, subtract the adjustment parameter from N1, and other examples of adjustment operations.

[0107] Additionally or alternatively, the device may determine that the capability is met based on comparing the time period between beam switching operations to a threshold number of symbol periods (K). In some examples, the device may adjust the value of K for a first symbol period of the transmission time interval based on an adjustment parameter (β) associated with the first symbol period. For example, the device may scale K for the first period by the adjustment parameter, add the adjustment parameter to K, subtract the adjustment parameter from K, or other examples of adjustment operations.

[0108] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 can implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 can include a UE 115-a and a base station 105-a, which can be referenced to Figure 1 Examples of corresponding devices described. In general, the wireless communication system 200 may illustrate an example of communications 205 between a UE 115-a and a base station 105-a.

[0109] Devices of the wireless communication system 200 may support beamforming to enhance reliability and efficiency using directional signal transmissions. In some examples, the base station 105-a may indicate one or more downlink beams 215 (e.g., via a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state configured with a quasi-co-located (QCL) type D property in NR). For example, the base station 105-a may indicate the TCI state via downlink control information (DCI) or a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). In some examples, the UE 115-a may identify one or more QCL properties based on a default QCL assumption, for example, in a case where a scheduled offset between a scheduled PDCCH and a scheduled physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission fails to meet a threshold (e.g., the scheduling offset may be less than a threshold time duration). In such an example, the UE 115-a may identify the QCL property of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port of a PDSCH communication. As an illustrative example, the QCL properties of the DMRS ports used for PDSCH communication can be the same as the QCL properties of the CORESET for the lowest identity or identifier (ID) monitored in the most recent time slot (e.g., the default TCI assumption). In some other examples, the scheduling offset can meet (e.g., be greater than or equal to) the threshold and UE 115-a can determine the QCL of the DMRS ports for PDSCH with the reference signal (RS) in the indicated TCI state. In some examples, the threshold can vary (e.g., different thresholds can be used for cross-carrier scheduling).

[0110] 205 ). UE 115-a and base station 105-a may use various beam pairs to perform communication 205, and the devices may transition between beams 215 during a transmission period (e.g., transitioning between beam 215-a and beam 215-b at the beginning of delay 225-a). Hardware limitations of UE 115-a may increase the overhead associated with such beam switching. For example, analog beam switching for UE 115-a may include decoding control information, reprogramming RF software and / or firmware, retuning the RF front end, etc. These procedures may result in a beam switching delay 225. Therefore, base station 105-a may account for beam switching delay 225 when scheduling resources for communication 205 between UE 115-a and base station 105-a. In some examples, the length of beam switching delay 225 may be based on one or more factors. For example, if one or more parameters are preconfigured (e.g., a beam switching procedure may include RF front-end delays, but may not include decoding control information and reprogramming RF software and / or firmware), delay 225 may be relatively short in duration.

[0111] In some examples, delay 225 may be included in the duration of cyclic prefix 230 (e.g., in NR FR2 with 120 kHz subcarrier spacing, etc.). For example, in subcarrier spacing 210-a, delay 225-a associated with switching from beam 215-a to beam 215-b may be included in cyclic prefix 230-b. In such an example, a device in a wireless communication system may avoid implementing an additional switching gap (e.g., a longer time period allocated for switching beams, such as a guard time illustrated by delay 225-b).

[0112] In some examples, the devices of the wireless communication system 200 can operate in various frequency bands, and the subcarrier spacing 210 used for communication can depend on the operating frequency band. For example, in high-band operation of new radio (NR) systems (e.g., ~60 GHz carrier frequency or FR4 design), the subcarrier spacing 210 can be increased to limit or prevent phase noise. As illustrative examples, the relatively high subcarrier spacing 210-b can be 960 kHz, 1.92 MHz, 3.84 MHz, etc., although any subcarrier spacing 210 can be used. The subcarrier spacing 210 can also inform the length of the code element 220 (e.g., OFDM code element) and the length of the cyclic prefix 230 located between adjacent code elements 220 in the transmission period. For example, as the subcarrier spacing 210 increases (e.g., to a relatively higher subcarrier spacing 210-b), the length of the codeword 220 and the length of the cyclic prefix 230 can decrease (e.g., the length of the codeword 220-d and the codeword 220-e, the length of the cyclic prefix 230-d and the cyclic prefix 230-e, or both can be inversely proportional to the subcarrier spacing 210-b).

[0113] As illustrated in subcarrier spacing 210-a, the duration of cyclic prefix 230 may provide a guard period during which UE 115-a may perform beam switching between symbols 220-a and 220-b. However, as illustrated in the relatively higher subcarrier spacing 210-b, in some examples, cyclic prefix 230-e may not include beam switching delay 225-b. Accordingly, some additional time gap may be provided between symbols 220-d and 220-e (e.g., an integer number of symbols 220 may be inserted between symbol 220-d and symbol 220-e in order to meet a time threshold for performing beam switching from beam 215-c to beam 215-d). In some examples, UE 115-a may report beam switching capabilities for subcarrier spacing 210 so that base station 105-a may provide such time gaps when scheduling UE 115-a for communication. The beam switching capability reported by the UE 115 - a may indicate the number of beam switches that the UE 115 - a may perform for a particular subcarrier spacing 210 in one time slot.

[0114] In some examples, UE 115-a may report beam switching capabilities for a subcarrier spacing so that base station 105-a can provide time gaps when scheduling UE communications that can accommodate the beam switching delay 225 indicated by UE 115-a. In some examples, the beam switching capabilities reported by UE 115 may indicate the number of beam switches (N) that UE 115-a can perform for a subcarrier spacing every number (M) of time slots. The indicated number of beam switches (N) may be the number of Tx beam changes or Rx beam changes, or both, and the number of time slots may be greater than one. UE 115-a may use these parameters to report the values ​​of N and M. In some examples, these values ​​may be implicitly determined with reference to a reference subcarrier spacing 210 or a reference time duration.

[0115] The techniques described herein may enable a device (e.g., a UE 115-a, a base station 105-a, or both) to implement one or more beam switching rules (e.g., based on beam switching capabilities), which may result in improved performance in the wireless communication system 200. For example, the device may identify the beam switching capabilities of the UE 115-a (e.g., the number N of beam switches that the UE 115-a may perform per a number (M) of time slots, the minimum beam dwell time K between one or more beam switching operations, or both). The device may determine that the beam switching capabilities of the UE 115-a are satisfied based at least in part on the one or more beam switching rules. For example, the device may determine a first number of beam switches (N1) associated with a first symbol 220 of a transmission time interval and a second number of beam switches (N2) associated with the remaining symbols 220 of the transmission time interval. In some examples, the first symbol period may be relatively longer than the remaining symbol periods 220. The device may determine that the beam switching capability is satisfied based on comparing N1 and N2 to a threshold beam switching number (e.g., N) indicated by the beam switching capability of UE 115-a. In some examples, the device may adjust the first beam switching number by adjusting a parameter (α). For example, the device may scale N1 by the adjustment parameter, add the adjustment parameter to N1, subtract the adjustment parameter from N1, or other examples of adjustment operations.

[0116] Additionally or alternatively, the device may determine that the capability is met based on comparing the time period between beam switching operations to a threshold number of symbol periods 220 (K). In some examples, the device may adjust the value of K for the first symbol 220 of the transmission time interval based on an adjustment parameter (β) associated with the first symbol 220. For example, the device may scale K for the first symbol 220 by the adjustment parameter, add the adjustment parameter to K, subtract the adjustment parameter from K, or other examples of adjustment operations.

[0117] Figure 3 An example of a timeline 300 supporting beam switching operations for a system with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the timeline 300 can implement aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the timeline 300 can illustrate communications between a UE 115 and a base station 105 as described herein.

[0118] For example, timeline 300 may illustrate an example of two subcarrier intervals 315 (e.g., a relatively lower subcarrier interval 315-a and a relatively higher subcarrier interval 315-b) during a TTI 320 (e.g., a subframe, a half-subframe, a time period (such as 0.5 ms), etc.). In some examples, timeline 300 may illustrate an example of an NR slot structure with subcarrier interval adjustment (e.g., scaling). For example, timeline 300 may illustrate symbol-level alignment across different subcarrier intervals 315 having the same cyclic prefix 310 overhead. Although subcarrier interval 315-a and subcarrier interval 315-b may be shown as including seven symbol periods 305 and fourteen symbol periods 305, respectively, for clarity of illustration, it will be understood that a TTI 320 may include any number of time slots, symbol periods 305, cyclic prefixes 310, etc., according to one or more subcarrier spacing schemes.

[0119] As an illustrative example, subcarrier spacing 315-a can illustrate a 15kHz subcarrier spacing configuration, TTI 320 can be an example of a half subframe, TTI 320 can include seven code element periods 305, and TTI 320 can include half a time slot, although it will be understood that any subcarrier spacing configuration can be represented by subcarrier spacing 315-a (e.g., a 30kHz subcarrier spacing configuration, a 60kHz subcarrier spacing configuration, a 120kHz subcarrier spacing configuration, etc.). As another illustrative example, subcarrier spacing 315-b can illustrate a 30kHz subcarrier spacing configuration, TTI 320 can be an example of a half subframe, TTI 320 can include fourteen code element periods 305, and TTI 320 can include one time slot, although it will be understood that any subcarrier spacing configuration can be represented by subcarrier spacing 315-a (e.g., a 15kHz subcarrier spacing configuration, a 60kHz subcarrier spacing configuration with a TTI 320 including two time slots, a 120kHz subcarrier spacing configuration with a TTI 320 including four time slots, etc.).

[0120] In some examples, a first symbol period 305-a of a TTI 320 can be relatively longer than other symbol periods 305 (e.g., symbol period 305-b) in the TTI 320. For example, the first symbol period 305-a can be on a boundary between the TTI 320 and another TTI 320 and can include a relatively longer cyclic prefix 310-a compared to other cyclic prefixes 310 (e.g., cyclic prefix 310-b, cyclic prefix 310-c, or other examples of cyclic prefix 310) in the remainder of the TTI 320, which can cause the symbol period 305-a or the symbol period 305-c to be relatively longer than other symbol periods 305 in the TTI 320 (e.g., the symbol period 305-a and the symbol period 305-c can be relatively longer than the symbol periods 305-b and 305-d, respectively).

[0121] In some examples, UE 115 may report beam switching capabilities for subcarrier spacing 315 (e.g., in radio resource control (RRC) signaling, such as in a UE capability report) so that base station 105 can provide time gaps when scheduling UE communications that can accommodate the beam switching delay indicated by UE 115. In some examples, the beam switching capabilities reported by UE 115 may indicate the number of beam switches (N) that the UE can perform for subcarrier spacing 315 every number (M) of time slots. The indicated number of beam switches (N) may be the number of Tx beam changes or Rx beam changes, or both, and the number of time slots may be greater than one. UE 115 may use these parameters to report the values ​​of N and M. In some examples, these values ​​may be implicitly determined with reference to a reference subcarrier spacing 315 or a reference time duration. However, in some cases, the time slot structure of timeline 300 may result in relatively inefficient beam switching operations. For example, the beam switching capability of UE 115 (e.g., N beam switches per M time slots, minimum beam dwell time K between beam switching operations) may not account for a relatively long first time period (e.g., symbol period 305-a or symbol period 305-c). Therefore, the techniques described herein may provide a device with one or more beam switching rules to account for such a time slot structure, which may enable the device to perform one or more additional beam switching operations during the relatively long symbol period 305 while still meeting the beam switching capability of UE 115. For example, because cyclic prefix 310-d is relatively long, cyclic prefix 310-d may be long enough to include a beam switching delay that enables UE 115 to utilize a relatively shorter or no additional beam switching gap (e.g., in units of symbol periods 305) during other symbol periods 305 in a TTI 320 compared to during the first symbol period 305-c. Such techniques may provide advantages such as an improved beamforming communication framework, reduced signaling overhead, and improved reliability. As such, the supported techniques may include improved network operation and, in some examples, increased network efficiency, among other benefits.

[0122] The device may identify the beam switching capability of UE 115 (e.g., the number N of beam switches that the UE can perform per a number (M) of time slots, the minimum beam dwell time K between one or more beam switching operations, or both). The device may determine that the beam switching capability of UE 115 is satisfied based at least in part on one or more beam switching rules. For example, the device may determine a first beam switching number (N1) associated with a first codeword period of a transmission time interval and a second beam switching number (N2) associated with the remaining codeword periods of the transmission time interval. In some examples, the first codeword period may be relatively longer than the remaining codeword periods. The device may determine that the beam switching capability is satisfied based on comparing N1 and N2 to a threshold beam switching number (e.g., N) indicated by the beam switching capability of the UE. In some examples, the device may adjust the first beam switching number by adjusting a parameter (α). For example, the device may scale N1 by the adjustment parameter, add the adjustment parameter to N1, subtract the adjustment parameter from N1, or other examples of adjustment operations.

[0123] Additionally or alternatively, the device may determine that the capability is met based on comparing the time period between beam switching operations to a threshold number of symbol periods (K). In some examples, the device may adjust the value of K for a first symbol period of the transmission time interval based on an adjustment parameter (β) associated with the first symbol period. For example, the device may scale K for the first period by the adjustment parameter, add the adjustment parameter to K, subtract the adjustment parameter from K, or other examples of adjustment operations.

[0124] Figure 4 An example of a process flow 400 for supporting beam switching operations for a system with high subcarrier spacing in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the process flow 400 may be implemented as described with reference to Figure 1-3 Aspects of the described wireless communication systems 100 and 200, the timeline 300, or any combination thereof. In general, the process flow 400 may illustrate use of one or more beam switching rules by one or more devices (e.g., a UE 115-b and a base station 105-b), although it will be understood that the operations shown in the process flow 400 may be performed in a different order, operations performed at one device may be performed at another device, some operations may be eliminated, or additional operations may be performed.

[0125] At 405, UE 115-b may identify a capability. The capability may be an example of a beam switching capability of UE 115-b as described herein. For example, the beam switching capability may indicate a number of beam switches (N) that UE 115-b may perform for a subcarrier spacing per a number (M) of time slots. The indicated number of beam switches (N) may be the number of Tx beam changes or Rx beam changes, or both, and the number of time slots may be greater than one. The UE may use these parameters to report values ​​for N and M. In some examples, these values ​​may be implicitly determined with reference to a reference subcarrier spacing or a reference time duration. Additionally or alternatively, the beam switching capability may indicate a beam dwell time (K) between one or more beam switching operations (e.g., a minimum time period that UE 115-b may use a particular beam before it is available to perform a beam switching operation on another beam).

[0126] In some examples, UE 115-b may indicate the capability to base station 105-b (e.g., via a capability reporting mechanism) at 410. For example, UE 115-b may send assistance information feedback indicating one or more parameters of the capability (e.g., an adjustment parameter, one or more thresholds, etc.). At 415, base station 105-b may identify the capability of UE 115-b (e.g., based on the indication from UE 115-b, based on one or more preconfigured parameters at base station 105-b, or a combination thereof).

[0127] At 420, the base station 105-b may determine that the capability is satisfied based on one or more beam switching rules. For example, in a first beam switching rule, the base station 105-b may determine that the number of scheduled beam switches satisfies a threshold number of beam switches indicated by the capability of the UE 115-b (e.g., N beam switches per M time slots). In such an example, the base station 105-b may determine one or more numbers of beam switches. For example, the base station 105-b may determine a first number of beam switches (N1) for the UE 115-b to perform during a first symbol period of a transmission time interval (e.g., a symbol on a boundary between transmission time intervals) and a second number of beam switches (N2) for the UE 115-b to perform during other symbol periods of the transmission time interval. The base station 105-b may compare N1 and N2 to the capability (e.g., N) to determine whether the capability is satisfied.

[0128] In some examples, the base station 105-b may implement one or more adjustment parameters to determine the number of beam switches. For example, the base station 105-b may identify an adjustment parameter α associated with the first code element period of the transmission time interval (e.g., α may correspond to N1). The base station 105-b may use the adjustment parameter α to adjust the value of the number of beam switches N1 before determining that the total number of scheduled beam switches meets the threshold N. As an illustrative example, α may be a value between 0 and 1 and may be a scaling parameter applied to the number of beam switches N1 before comparing the sum of N1 and N2 to the threshold N. In other words, the base station 105-b may use the following equation as a rule for determining whether the capabilities of the UE 115-b are met: αN1+N2≤N. Additionally or alternatively, α may be implemented in other adjustment operations. For example, before comparing the sum of N1 and N2 to N, one or more adjustment parameters (e.g., α) may be added to N1 and / or N2, subtracted from N1 and / or N2, or scale N1 and / or N2, or any combination thereof. As an illustrative example, base station 105-b may use the following equation as a rule for determining whether the capabilities of UE 115-b are met: max(0, N1-α)+N2≤N. Such an adjustment operation may enable base station 105-b to configure a relatively high number of beam switching operations during the first codeword period of the TTI (e.g., when α is a scaling parameter less than 1) while still meeting the capabilities of UE 115-b. As an illustrative example, if the threshold beam switching number N is 4, the number of beam switches in the remaining codeword periods of the transmission time interval is 3, and α is identified as 0.5, then UE 115-a may be implemented to perform 2 beam switching operations during the first codeword period (e.g., N1 may be 2 so as to satisfy the equation αN1+N2≤N, or in this case, (0.5)*2+3≤4).

[0129] In some examples, identifying the adjustment parameter α may be based on the capabilities of UE 115-b, assistance information feedback associated with UE 115-b, or a combination thereof. In some examples (e.g., when the capabilities of UE 115-b do not include an indication of the adjustment parameter α), base station 105-b may use a configured value for the adjustment parameter α (e.g., α=1 may be a default value, among other examples).

[0130] Additionally or alternatively, the base station 105-b may implement a second beam switching rule. For example, the base station 105-b may determine a threshold time period between switching operations (e.g., a minimum beam dwell time K). The base station 105-b may implement one or more adjustment parameters to determine whether one or more scheduled beam switches meet the threshold time period. For example, the base station 105-b may identify an adjustment parameter β (e.g., based on the capabilities of the UE 115-b, auxiliary information feedback associated with the UE 115-b, a preconfigured value, or any combination thereof). The base station 105-b may apply the adjustment parameter β to an interval (e.g., in units of time, such as in units of OFDM symbols) between beam switching operations that may occur in a first codeword period of the transmission time interval. As an illustrative example, β may be a value greater than or equal to zero and may be applied to a threshold time period (e.g., K codewords) before determining whether the scheduled gap between beam switching operations meets the capabilities of the UE 115-b. (For example, base station 105-b may use the equation K-β and compare the result of the equation to the scheduled gap between beam transmissions in the first symbol period of the transmission time interval and use the value of K for the remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval.) In some examples, one or more adjustment parameters (e.g., β) may be added to K, subtracted from K, scaled by K, or any combination thereof before determining that the capabilities of UE 115-b are met. Such adjustment operations may enable base station 105-b to configure a relatively high number of beam switching operations during the first symbol period of a TTI while still meeting the capabilities of UE 115-b, which may result in more efficient system performance.

[0131] In some examples, identifying the adjustment parameter β may be based on the capabilities of UE 115-b, assistance information feedback associated with UE 115-b, or a combination thereof. In some examples (e.g., when the capabilities of UE 115-b do not include an indication of the adjustment parameter β), base station 105-b may use a configured value for the adjustment parameter β (e.g., β=0 may be a default value, among other examples).

[0132] In some examples, at 425, base station 105-b may transmit an indication to UE 115-b regarding performing one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the capabilities of UE 115-b are satisfied.

[0133] At 430 , UE 115 - b may determine that the capability is met, as described herein, for example, with reference to 420 (eg, based on one or more beam switching rules, equations, parameters, etc.).

[0134] In some examples, at 435-a, the base station 105-b may perform one or more beam switching operations according to the beam switching rules described herein. For example, the base station 105-b may perform a first beam switching operation at a first time period and a second beam switching operation at a second time period, wherein a gap between the first time period and the second time period satisfies one or more thresholds and rules as discussed herein (e.g., K, a difference between K and β, etc.), and / or wherein one or more numbers of beam switching operations satisfy a threshold (e.g., N1, N2, and one or more adjustment parameters are determined to satisfy N).

[0135] In some examples, at 435-b, UE 115-b may perform one or more beam switching operations according to the beam switching rules described herein. For example, UE 115-b may perform a first beam switching operation at a first time period and a second beam switching operation at a second time period, wherein a gap between the first time period and the second time period satisfies one or more thresholds and rules as discussed herein (e.g., K, a difference between K and β, etc.), and / or wherein one or more numbers of beam switching operations satisfy a threshold (e.g., N1, N2, and one or more adjustment parameters are determined to satisfy N).

[0136] Figure 5 A block diagram 500 is shown of a device 505 supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 can be an example of aspects of the UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 can include a receiver 510, a communication manager 515, and a transmitter 520. The device 505 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0137] The receiver 510 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may be a reference Figure 8 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 820. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0138] The communication manager 515 may receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between a UE and a base station; identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a determined first beam switching number and a determined second beam switching number with the indicated threshold number of beam switches; and determine a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval. The communication manager 515 may also receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between a UE and a base station during a transmission time interval; identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on the first symbol period, the second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and an adjustment parameter; and identify the adjustment parameter associated with the first symbol period of the transmission time interval. Communications manager 515 may be an example of aspects of communications manager 810 described herein.

[0139] The communication manager 515 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, in code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 515 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0140] The communication manager 515 or its subcomponents can be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 515 or its subcomponents can be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 515 or its subcomponents can be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof.

[0141] The actions performed by the communication manager 515 as described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more potential advantages. For example, the communication manager 515 can implement one or more beam switching rules as described herein, which can enable the UE to perform one or more additional beam switching operations during a symbol period while still meeting the UE's capabilities, reduce or eliminate additional time (e.g., number of symbols) between beam switching operations, or a combination thereof. Such operations can improve system performance and communication efficiency.

[0142] The transmitter 520 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 505. In some examples, the transmitter 520 may be co-located with the receiver 510 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 520 may be a reference Figure 8 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 820. The transmitter 520 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0143] Figure 6 A block diagram 600 of a device 605 supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 605 can be an example of aspects of the device 505 or UE 115 as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, a communication manager 615, and a transmitter 640. The device 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0144] The receiver 610 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may be a reference Figure 8 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 820. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0145] Communication manager 615 can be an example of aspects of communication manager 515 as described herein. Communication manager 615 can include configuration component 620, capability component 625, beam switching component 630, and adjustment component 635. Communication manager 615 can be an example of aspects of communication manager 810 as described herein.

[0146] Configuration component 620 may receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between a UE and a base station. Capability component 625 may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; and determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a determined first number of beam switches and a determined second number of beam switches to the indicated threshold number of beam switches. Beam switching component 630 may determine a first number of beam switches associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second number of beam switches associated with the remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval.

[0147] Configuration component 620 may receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between a UE and a base station during a transmission time interval. Capability component 625 may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations, and determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on a first symbol period, a second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and an adjustment parameter. Adjustment component 635 may identify an adjustment parameter associated with the first symbol period of the transmission time interval.

[0148] The transmitter 640 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 605. In some examples, the transmitter 640 may be co-located with the receiver 610 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 640 may be a reference Figure 8 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 820. The transmitter 640 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0149] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 of a communication manager 705 supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The communication manager 705 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 515, the communication manager 615, or the communication manager 810 described herein. The communication manager 705 can include a configuration component 710, a capability component 715, a beam switching component 720, an adjustment component 725, an indication component 730, and a comparison component 735. Each of these modules can communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0150] Configuration component 710 may receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communications between a UE and a base station. In some examples, configuration component 710 may receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communications between a UE and a base station during a transmission time interval.

[0151] The capability component 715 can identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during the transmission time interval. In some examples, the capability component 715 can determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing the determined first number of beam switches and the determined second number of beam switches to the indicated threshold number of beam switches.

[0152] In some examples, the capability component 715 can identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations. In some examples, the capability component 715 can determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on the first symbol period, the second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and the adjustment parameter.

[0153] In some cases, the first symbol period of a transmission time interval is located at the boundary between the transmission time interval and the previous transmission time interval. In some cases, the size of the first symbol period is greater than the size of the remaining symbol periods. In some cases, the first cyclic prefix duration of the first symbol period is greater than the second cyclic prefix duration of the symbol periods in the remaining symbol periods.

[0154] The beam switching component 720 can determine a first beam switching quantity associated with a first symbol period of a transmission time interval and a second beam switching quantity associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval. In some examples, the beam switching component 720 can perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied.

[0155] In some examples, beam switching component 720 may perform a first beam switching operation during a first symbol period of a transmission time interval. In some examples, beam switching component 720 may perform a second beam switching operation during a second symbol period of the transmission time interval. In some cases, the first symbol period of a transmission time interval is located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval. In some cases, the size of the first symbol period is greater than the size of the remaining symbol periods. In some cases, the first cyclic prefix duration of the first symbol period is greater than the second cyclic prefix duration of the symbol periods in the remaining symbol periods.

[0156] The adjusting component 725 can identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval. In some examples, the adjusting component 725 can identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first number of beam switches, wherein determining the first number of beam switches associated with the first symbol period is based on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0157] In some examples, the adjustment component 725 can adjust the value of the first beam switching number based on the identified adjustment parameter. In some examples, the adjustment component 725 can scale the value of the first beam switching number by the adjustment parameter, subtract the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the first beam switching number, or a combination thereof.

[0158] In some examples, adjustment component 725 can adjust the threshold number of symbol periods based on an adjustment parameter. In some examples, adjustment component 725 can scale the value of the threshold number of symbol periods by the adjustment parameter, subtract the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the threshold number of symbol periods, or a combination thereof.

[0159] In some cases, the adjustment parameter is indicated by the UE's beam switching capability, the UE's pre-configuration, or a combination thereof.

[0160] Indicating component 730 can transmit an indication of the adjustment parameter, beam switching capability, or both to the base station.

[0161] Comparison component 735 can compare the sum of the first beam switching number associated with the first symbol period and the second beam switching number associated with the remaining symbol periods to the threshold beam switching number. In some examples, comparison component 735 can determine that the sum meets the threshold beam switching number.

[0162] In some examples, the comparison component 735 can compare the number of symbol periods between the first beam switching operation and the second beam switching operation to a threshold number of symbol periods or a difference between the threshold number of symbol periods and an adjustment parameter.

[0163] Figure 8 A diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 can be an example of, or include components of, a device 505, a device 605, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 810, an I / O controller 815, a transceiver 820, an antenna 825, a memory 830, and a processor 840. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 845).

[0164] The communication manager 810 may receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between a UE and a base station; identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a determined first beam switching number and a determined second beam switching number with the indicated threshold number of beam switches; and determine a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval. The communication manager 810 may also receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between a UE and a base station during a transmission time interval; identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on the first symbol period, the second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and an adjustment parameter; and identify the adjustment parameter associated with the first symbol period of the transmission time interval.

[0165] I / O controller 815 can manage input and output signals for device 805. I / O controller 815 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 805. In some cases, I / O controller 815 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 815 can utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. In other cases, I / O controller 815 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 815 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with device 805 via I / O controller 815 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 815.

[0166] The transceiver 820 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, the transceiver 820 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 820 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0167] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 825. However, in some cases, the device may have more than one antenna 825, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0168] The memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 830 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 835 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 830 may include a basic input / output system (BIOS), which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0169] The processor 840 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 840 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 840. The processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 830) to cause the device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., various functions or tasks supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing).

[0170] The code 835 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 835 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, the code 835 may not be directly executed by the processor 840, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0171] Figure 9 A block diagram 900 is shown of a device 905 that supports beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 can be an example of aspects of a base station 105 as described herein. The device 905 can include a receiver 910, a communication manager 915, and a transmitter 920. The device 905 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0172] The receiver 910 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 may be a reference Figure 12 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1220. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0173] The communication manager 915 may identify a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval with the threshold beam switching number; and transmit an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied. The communication manager 915 may also identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval; determine a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation based on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter; and transmit an indication to the UE to perform the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period and the second beam switching operation during the second symbol period. Communications manager 915 may be an example of aspects of communications manager 1210 described herein.

[0174] The communication manager 915 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, in code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 915 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an FPGA or other programmable logic device designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0175] The communication manager 915 or its subcomponents may be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 915 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 915 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof.

[0176] The transmitter 920 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 905. In some examples, the transmitter 920 may be co-located with the receiver 910 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 920 may be a reference Figure 12Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1220. The transmitter 920 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0177] Figure 10 A block diagram 1000 is shown of a device 1005 that supports beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 can be an example of aspects of the device 905 or base station 105 as described herein. The device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a communication manager 1015, and a transmitter 1040. The device 1005 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0178] The receiver 1010 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1005. The receiver 1010 may be a reference Figure 12 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1220. The receiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0179] The communication manager 1015 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 915 as described herein. The communication manager 1015 may include a capability module 1020, a beam switching module 1025, an indication transmitter 1030, and an adjustment module 1035. The communication manager 1015 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1210 as described herein.

[0180] The capability module 1020 may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval. The beam switching module 1025 may determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval to the threshold number of beam switches. The indication transmitter 1030 may transmit an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied.

[0181] The capability module 1020 may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations. The adjustment module 1035 may identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval. The beam switching module 1025 may determine a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation based on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter. The indication transmitter 1030 may transmit an indication to the UE to perform the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period and the second beam switching operation during the second symbol period.

[0182] The transmitter 1040 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1005. In some examples, the transmitter 1040 may be co-located with the receiver 1010 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1040 may be a reference Figure 12 Examples of aspects of the described transceiver 1220. The transmitter 1040 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0183] Figure 11 A block diagram 1100 of a communication manager 1105 supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing is shown in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The communication manager 1105 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 915, the communication manager 1015, or the communication manager 1210 described herein. The communication manager 1105 can include a capability module 1110, a beam switching module 1115, an indication transmitter 1120, an adjustment module 1125, an indication receiver 1130, and a comparison module 1135. Each of these modules can communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0184] The capability module 1110 may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval. In some examples, the capability module 1110 may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations.

[0185] The beam switching module 1115 may determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval with a threshold beam switching number. In some examples, the beam switching module 1115 may determine a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation based on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter.

[0186] In some examples, beam switching module 1115 may determine a first beam switching number based on the identified adjustment parameter. In some examples, beam switching module 1115 may determine that the sum satisfies a threshold beam switching number. In some examples, beam switching module 1115 may perform a first beam switching operation during a first symbol period of the transmission time interval. In some examples, beam switching module 1115 may perform a second beam switching operation during a second symbol period of the transmission time interval.

[0187] In some cases, the first symbol period of a transmission time interval is located at the boundary between the transmission time interval and the previous transmission time interval. In some cases, the size of the first symbol period is greater than the size of the remaining symbol periods. In some cases, the first cyclic prefix duration of the first symbol period is greater than the second cyclic prefix duration of the symbol periods in the remaining symbol periods.

[0188] The indication transmitter 1120 may transmit an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied. In some examples, the indication transmitter 1120 may transmit an indication to the UE to perform a first beam switching operation during a first symbol period and a second beam switching operation during a second symbol period.

[0189] The adjustment module 1125 may identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval. In some examples, the adjustment module 1125 may identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first number of beam switches. In some examples, the adjustment module 1125 may adjust the value of the first number of beam switches based on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0190] In some examples, the adjustment module 1125 can scale the value of the first beam switching number by the adjustment parameter, subtract the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the first beam switching number, or a combination thereof.

[0191] In some examples, adjustment module 1125 may adjust the threshold number of symbol periods based on an adjustment parameter. In some examples, adjustment module 1125 may scale the value of the threshold number of symbol periods by the adjustment parameter, subtract the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the threshold number of symbol periods, or a combination thereof.

[0192] The indication receiver 1130 may receive an indication of an adjustment parameter, beam switching capability, or both from a UE. In some examples, the indication receiver 1130 may receive an indication of an adjustment parameter, beam switching capability, or both from a UE.

[0193] The comparison module 1135 may compare the sum of a first beam switching number associated with the first symbol period and a second beam switching number associated with the remaining symbol periods with a threshold beam switching number.

[0194] In some examples, the comparison component 1135 can compare the number of symbol periods between the first beam switching operation and the second beam switching operation to a threshold number of symbol periods or a difference between the threshold number of symbol periods and an adjustment parameter.

[0195] Figure 12 A diagram of a system 1200 including a device 1205 supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1205 may be an example of, or include components of, the device 905, device 1005, or base station 105 described herein. The device 1205 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1210, a network communication manager 1215, a transceiver 1220, an antenna 1225, a memory 1230, a processor 1240, and an inter-station communication manager 1245. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1250).

[0196] The communication manager 1210 may identify a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval with the threshold beam switching number; and transmit an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied. The communication manager 1210 may also identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval; determine a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation based on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter; and transmit an indication to the UE to perform the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period and the second beam switching operation during the second symbol period.

[0197] The network communications manager 1215 may manage communications with the core network (eg, via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager 1215 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115.

[0198] The transceiver 1220 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, the transceiver 1220 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1220 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0199] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1225. However, in some cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1225, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0200] The memory 1230 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. The memory 1230 may store computer-readable code 1235 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1240), cause the device to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1230 may include, among other things, a BIOS that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0201] The processor 1240 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1240 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1240. The processor 1240 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1230) to cause the device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., various functions or tasks supporting beam switching operations for systems with high subcarrier spacing).

[0202] The inter-site communication manager 1245 can manage communications with other base stations 105 and can include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with the UE 115 in coordination with the other base stations 105. For example, the inter-site communication manager 1245 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to the UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques, such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-site communication manager 1245 can provide an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between the base stations 105.

[0203] The code 1235 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 1235 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, the code 1235 may not be directly executed by the processor 1240, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0204] Figure 13 A flow chart illustrating a method 1300 for supporting beam switching operations for a system with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 5 to 8 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0205] At 1305, the UE may receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and the base station. The operations of 1305 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be as described with reference to Figures 5 to 8 The described configuration components are executed.

[0206] At 1310, the UE may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval. The operations of 1310 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 5 to 8 The described capability components are implemented.

[0207] At 1315, the UE may determine a first beam switching quantity associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching quantity associated with the remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval. The operations of 1315 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be as described with reference to Figures 5 to 8 The beam switching component described is performed.

[0208] At 1320, the UE may determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing the determined first beam switching number and the determined second beam switching number with the indicated threshold beam switching number. The operations of 1320 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be as described with reference to Figures 5 to 8 The described capability components are implemented.

[0209] Figure 14 A flow chart illustrating a method 1400 for supporting beam switching operations for a system with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 5 to 8 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0210] At 1405, the UE may receive a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and the base station during a transmission time interval. The operations of 1405 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be as described with reference to Figures 5 to 8 The described configuration components are executed.

[0211] At 1410, the UE may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations. The operations of 1410 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be as described with reference to Figures 5 to 8 The described capability components are implemented.

[0212] At 1415, the UE may identify an adjustment parameter associated with the first symbol period of the transmission time interval. The operations of 1415 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be as described with reference to Figures 5 to 8 The described adjustment components are performed.

[0213] At 1420, the UE may determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on the first symbol period, the second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and the adjustment parameter. The operations of 1420 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1420 may be as described with reference to Figures 5 to 8 The described capability components are implemented.

[0214] Figure 15 A flow chart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting beam switching operations for a system with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by a base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by a base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 9 to 12 In some examples, a base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0215] At 1505, the base station may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be as described with reference to Figures 9 to 12 The described capability modules are implemented.

[0216] At 1510, the base station may determine that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with a remaining symbol period of the transmission time interval with a threshold beam switching number. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 9 to 12 The beam switching module described is used to perform.

[0217] At 1515, the base station may transmit an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be as described with reference to Figures 9 to 12 The description instructs the transmitter to perform.

[0218] Figure 16 A flow chart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting beam switching operations for a system with high subcarrier spacing according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. Figures 9 to 12 In some examples, a base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the following functions.

[0219] At 1605, the base station may identify a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be as described with reference to Figures 9 to 12 The described capability modules are implemented.

[0220] At 1610, the base station may identify an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed as described with reference to Figures 9 to 12 The described adjustment module is executed.

[0221] At 1615, the base station may determine, based on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter, a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation. The operation of 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, various aspects of the operation of 1615 may be as described with reference to Figures 9 to 12 The beam switching module described is used to perform.

[0222] At 1620, the base station may transmit an indication to the UE regarding performing the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period and performing the second beam switching operation during the second symbol period. The operations of 1620 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be as described with reference to Figures 9 to 12 The described instructions are performed by the transmitter.

[0223] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0224] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the disclosure:

[0225] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station; identifying a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determining a first beam switching number associated with a first code element period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining code element periods of the transmission time interval; and determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based at least in part on comparing the determined first beam switching number and the determined second beam switching number with the indicated threshold beam switching number.

[0226] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1 further comprises: identifying an adjustment parameter associated with the first beam switching number, wherein determining the first beam switching number associated with the first codeword period is based at least in part on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0227] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2 further comprises: adjusting a value of the first beam switching number based at least in part on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0228] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 3, wherein adjusting the value of the first beam switching number comprises: scaling the value of the first beam switching number by the adjustment parameter, subtracting the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the first beam switching number, or a combination thereof.

[0229] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 2 to 4 further comprises: transmitting an indication of the adjustment parameter, the beam switching capability, or both to the base station.

[0230] Aspect 6: The method as described in any one of Aspects 2 to 5, wherein the adjustment parameter is indicated by the beam switching capability of the UE, the pre-configuration of the UE, or a combination thereof.

[0231] Aspect 7: A method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied includes: comparing the sum of a first beam switching number associated with a first code element period and a second beam switching number associated with remaining code element periods with a threshold beam switching number; and determining that the sum satisfies the threshold beam switching number.

[0232] Aspect 8: The method of any one of aspects 1 to 7 further comprises: performing one or more beam switching operations based at least in part on determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied.

[0233] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein the first symbol period of the transmission time interval is located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval.

[0234] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 9, wherein the size of the first symbol period is greater than the sizes of the remaining symbol periods.

[0235] Aspect 11: The method of aspect 10, wherein the first cyclic prefix duration of the first symbol period is greater than the second cyclic prefix duration of the symbol periods in the remaining symbol periods.

[0236] Aspect 12: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station during a transmission time interval; identifying a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of code element periods between beam switching operations; identifying an adjustment parameter associated with a first code element period of the transmission time interval; and determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based at least in part on the first code element period, a second code element period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of code element periods, and the adjustment parameter.

[0237] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, further comprising: adjusting the threshold number of symbol periods based at least in part on the adjustment parameter.

[0238] Aspect 14: The method of Aspect 13, wherein adjusting the threshold number of codeword periods comprises scaling the value of the threshold number of codeword periods by the adjustment parameter, subtracting the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the threshold number of codeword periods, or a combination thereof.

[0239] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of aspects 12 to 14, further comprising: transmitting an indication of the adjustment parameter, the beam switching capability, or both to the base station.

[0240] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of aspects 12 to 15, wherein the adjustment parameter is indicated by the beam switching capability of the UE, the pre-configuration of the UE, or a combination thereof.

[0241] Aspect 17: The method as described in any one of Aspects 12 to 16 further includes: performing a first beam switching operation during a first code element period of the transmission time interval; and performing a second beam switching operation during a second code element period of the transmission time interval.

[0242] Aspect 18: A method as described in Aspect 17, wherein determining whether the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied includes: comparing the number of code element periods between the first beam switching operation and the second beam switching operation with the threshold code element period number or the difference between the threshold code element period number and the adjustment parameter.

[0243] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of aspects 12 to 18, wherein the first symbol period of the transmission time interval is located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval.

[0244] Aspect 20: The method of any one of aspects 12 to 19, wherein the size of the first symbol period is greater than the sizes of the remaining symbol periods.

[0245] Aspect 21: The method of aspect 20, wherein the first cyclic prefix duration of the first symbol period is greater than the second cyclic prefix duration of the symbol periods in the remaining symbol periods.

[0246] Aspect 22: A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: identifying a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold beam switching number during a transmission time interval; determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based at least in part on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first code element period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining code element periods of the transmission time interval with the threshold beam switching number; and transmitting an indication for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied.

[0247] Aspect 23: The method of aspect 22, further comprising: identifying an adjustment parameter associated with the first beam switching number; and determining the first beam switching number based at least in part on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0248] Aspect 24: The method of aspect 23, further comprising: adjusting a value of the first beam switching number based at least in part on the identified adjustment parameter.

[0249] Aspect 25: The method of aspect 24, wherein adjusting the value of the first beam switching number comprises: scaling the value of the first beam switching number by the adjustment parameter, subtracting the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the first beam switching number, or a combination thereof.

[0250] Aspect 26: The method as described in any one of Aspects 23 to 25 further includes: receiving an indication of the adjustment parameter, the beam switching capability, or both from the UE.

[0251] Aspect 27: A method as described in any one of Aspects 22 to 26, wherein determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied includes: comparing the sum of a first beam switching number associated with a first code element period and a second beam switching number associated with the remaining code element periods with a threshold beam switching number; and determining that the sum satisfies the threshold beam switching number.

[0252] Aspect 28: The method of any one of aspects 22 to 27, wherein the first symbol period of the transmission time interval is located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval.

[0253] Aspect 29: The method of any one of aspects 22 to 28, wherein the size of the first symbol period is greater than the sizes of the remaining symbol periods.

[0254] Aspect 30: The method of aspect 29, wherein the first cyclic prefix duration of the first symbol period is greater than the second cyclic prefix duration of the symbol periods in the remaining symbol periods.

[0255] Aspect 31: A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: identifying a beam switching capability of a UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of code element periods between beam switching operations; identifying an adjustment parameter associated with a first code element period of a transmission time interval; determining a first code element period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second code element period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation based at least in part on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter; and transmitting an indication to the UE to perform the first beam switching operation during the first code element period and to perform the second beam switching operation during the second code element period.

[0256] Aspect 32: The method of aspect 31 further comprises: adjusting the threshold number of symbol periods based at least in part on the adjustment parameter.

[0257] Aspect 33: The method of Aspect 32, wherein adjusting the threshold number of codeword periods comprises scaling the value of the threshold number of codeword periods by the adjustment parameter, subtracting the value of the adjustment parameter from the value of the threshold number of codeword periods, or a combination thereof.

[0258] Aspect 34: The method as described in any one of aspects 31 to 33 further includes: receiving an indication of the adjustment parameter, the beam switching capability, or both from the UE.

[0259] Aspect 35: The method as described in any one of Aspects 31 to 34 further includes: performing a first beam switching operation during a first code element period of the transmission time interval; and performing a second beam switching operation during a second code element period of the transmission time interval.

[0260] Aspect 36: A method as described in Aspect 35, wherein determining whether the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied includes: comparing the number of code element periods between the first beam switching operation and the second beam switching operation with the threshold code element period number or the difference between the threshold code element period number and the adjustment parameter.

[0261] Aspect 37: The method as described in any one of aspects 31 to 36, wherein the first codeword period of the transmission time interval is located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and the previous transmission time interval.

[0262] Aspect 38: The method of any one of aspects 31 to 37, wherein the size of the first symbol period is greater than the sizes of the remaining symbol periods.

[0263] Aspect 39: The method of aspect 38, wherein the first cyclic prefix duration of the first symbol period is greater than the second cyclic prefix duration of the symbol periods in the remaining symbol periods.

[0264] Aspect 40: An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a UE, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as described in any one of Aspects 1 to 11.

[0265] Aspect 41: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0266] Aspect 42: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0267] Aspect 43: An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a UE, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as described in any one of Aspects 12 to 21.

[0268] Aspect 44: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 12 to 21.

[0269] Aspect 45: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 12 to 21.

[0270] Aspect 46: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as described in any one of Aspects 22 to 30.

[0271] Aspect 47: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 22 to 30.

[0272] Aspect 48: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 22 to 30.

[0273] Aspect 49: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a base station, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as described in any one of Aspects 31 to 39.

[0274] Aspect 50: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any one of aspects 31 to 39.

[0275] Aspect 51: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of aspects 31 to 39.

[0276] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used throughout much of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0277] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout this description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0278] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0279] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, each function may be stored on or transmitted by a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations fall within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that parts of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0280] Computer-readable media include both non-transient computer storage media and communication media, which include any media that facilitates a computer program to be transferred from one place to another. Non-transient storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer. As an example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transient medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code means of an instruction or data structure form and can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer, or a general or special-purpose processor. Similarly, any connection is also properly referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwaves, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwaves are included in the definition of computer-readable media. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0281] As used herein (including in the claims), "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items followed by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Likewise, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be read as referencing a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be read in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0282] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference number. In addition, components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference number with a dash and a second reference number that distinguishes between the similar components. If only the first reference number is used in the specification, the description applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference number, regardless of the second reference number or other subsequent reference numbers.

[0283] The description set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describes example configurations and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or fall within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and does not mean "better than" or "better than other examples." This detailed description includes specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0284] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station; identifying a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determining a first number of beam switches associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second number of beam switches associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval; and Determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied is based at least in part on comparing the determined first beam switching number and the determined second beam switching number to an indicated threshold beam switching number.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: An adjustment parameter associated with the first number of beam switches is identified, wherein determining the first number of beam switches associated with the first symbol period is based at least in part on the identified adjustment parameter.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: A value of the first beam switching number is adjusted based at least in part on the identified adjustment parameter.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein adjusting the value of the first beam switching quantity comprises: The value of the first beam switching number is scaled by the adjustment parameter, the value of the adjustment parameter is subtracted from the value of the first beam switching number, or a combination thereof.

5. The method of claim 2, further comprising: An indication of the adjustment parameter, the beam switching capability, or both is transmitted to the base station.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the adjustment parameter is indicated by the beam switching capability of the UE, a pre-configuration of the UE, or a combination thereof.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining whether the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied comprises: comparing a sum of the first beam switching number associated with the first symbol period and the second beam switching number associated with the remaining symbol periods to the threshold beam switching number; and It is determined that the sum satisfies the threshold beam switching quantity.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: One or more beam switching operations are performed based at least in part on determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the first symbol period of the transmission time interval is located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the size of the first symbol period is greater than the sizes of the remaining symbol periods.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein a first cyclic prefix duration of the first symbol period is greater than a second cyclic prefix duration of the symbol periods in the remaining symbol periods.

12. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving a configuration indicating a subcarrier spacing for communication between the UE and a base station during a transmission time interval; identifying a beam switching capability of the UE associated with the indicated subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identifying an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval; as well as A determination is made based at least in part on the first symbol period, a second symbol period of the transmission time interval, the indicated threshold number of symbol periods, and the adjustment parameter that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: The threshold number of symbol periods is adjusted based at least in part on the adjustment parameter.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein adjusting the threshold number of symbol periods comprises: The value of the threshold number of symbol periods is scaled by the adjustment parameter, the value of the adjustment parameter is subtracted from the value of the threshold number of symbol periods, or a combination thereof.

15. The method of claim 12, further comprising: An indication of the adjustment parameter, the beam switching capability, or both is transmitted to the base station.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein the adjustment parameter is indicated by the beam switching capability of the UE, a pre-configuration of the UE, or a combination thereof.

17. The method of claim 12, further comprising: performing a first beam switching operation during the first symbol period of the transmission time interval; as well as A second beam switching operation is performed during the second symbol period of the transmission time interval.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein determining whether the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied comprises: A number of symbol periods between the first beam switching operation and the second beam switching operation is compared to the threshold number of symbol periods or a difference between the threshold number of symbol periods and the adjustment parameter.

19. The method of claim 12, wherein the first symbol period of the transmission time interval is located at a boundary between the transmission time interval and a previous transmission time interval.

20. The method of claim 12, wherein the size of the first symbol period is larger than the sizes of the remaining symbol periods.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein a first cyclic prefix duration of the first symbol period is greater than a second cyclic prefix duration of symbol periods in remaining symbol periods.

22. A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: identifying a beam switching capability of a user equipment UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of beam switches during a transmission time interval; determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied based at least in part on comparing a first beam switching number associated with a first symbol period of the transmission time interval and a second beam switching number associated with remaining symbol periods of the transmission time interval to the threshold beam switching number; as well as An indication is transmitted for the UE to perform one or more beam switching operations based at least in part on determining that the beam switching capability is satisfied.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising: identifying an adjustment parameter associated with the first beam switching quantity; determining the first number of beam switches based at least in part on the identified adjustment parameter; A value of the first beam switching number is adjusted based at least in part on the identified adjustment parameter.

24. The method of claim 23, further comprising: An indication of the adjustment parameter, the beam switching capability, or both is received from the UE.

25. The method of claim 22, wherein determining that the beam switching capability of the UE is satisfied comprises: comparing a sum of the first beam switching number associated with the first symbol period and the second beam switching number associated with the remaining symbol periods to the threshold beam switching number; and It is determined that the sum satisfies the threshold beam switching quantity.

26. A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: identifying a beam switching capability of a user equipment UE associated with a subcarrier spacing, the beam switching capability indicating a threshold number of symbol periods between beam switching operations; identifying an adjustment parameter associated with a first symbol period of a transmission time interval; determining, based at least in part on the beam switching capability of the UE and the adjustment parameter, a first symbol period for the UE to perform a first beam switching operation and a second symbol period for the UE to perform a second beam switching operation; as well as An indication is transmitted to the UE to perform the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period and to perform the second beam switching operation during the second symbol period.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising: The threshold number of symbol periods is adjusted based at least in part on the adjustment parameter.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein adjusting the threshold number of symbol periods comprises: The value of the threshold number of symbol periods is scaled by the adjustment parameter, the value of the adjustment parameter is subtracted from the value of the threshold number of symbol periods, or a combination thereof.

29. The method of claim 26, further comprising: An indication of the adjustment parameter, the beam switching capability, or both is received from the UE.

30. The method of claim 26, further comprising: performing the first beam switching operation during the first symbol period of the transmission time interval; as well as The second beam switching operation is performed during the second symbol period of the transmission time interval.

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