Display substrate and preparation method thereof, display device, and color film substrate

Abstract

A display substrate includes: a base substrate, a display structure layer disposed on the base substrate, and a light adjustment layer disposed on the light exit side of the display structure layer. The display structure layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels. The orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the base substrate does not overlap with the opening areas of the plurality of sub-pixels. The light adjustment layer is configured to adjust the exit direction of at least one color of light emitted from the display structure layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This article relates to but is not limited to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate and a preparation method thereof, a display device, and a color film substrate. Background Art

[0002] Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) is an active light-emitting display device with the advantages of self-luminescence, wide viewing angle, high contrast, low power consumption, and extremely high response speed. With the continuous development of display technology, display devices using OLED as a light-emitting device and thin film transistors (TFT) for signal control have become the mainstream products in the current display field. Summary of the invention

[0003] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate and a method for manufacturing the same, a display device, and a color film substrate.

[0005] On the one hand, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, comprising: a base substrate, a display structure layer disposed on the base substrate, and a light adjustment layer disposed on the light exit side of the display structure layer. The display structure layer comprises a plurality of sub-pixels; the orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the base substrate does not overlap with the opening areas of the plurality of sub-pixels; the light adjustment layer is configured to adjust the exit direction of at least one color of light emitted from the display structure layer.

[0006] In some exemplary embodiments, the display structure layer further includes: a color filter layer located on the light-emitting side of the plurality of sub-pixels. The color filter layer includes a black matrix and a plurality of periodically arranged color filter units, the black matrix being located between adjacent color filter units. The light adjustment layer is located on a side of the black matrix away from the base substrate.

[0007] In some exemplary embodiments, the orthographic projection of the black matrix on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the light modulation layer on the base substrate.

[0008] In some exemplary embodiments, the light adjustment layer includes at least one light adjustment portion, and the light adjustment portion is located on at least one side of at least one color filter unit.

[0009] In some exemplary embodiments, the brightness ratio of different colors of light on the display substrate at a target viewing angle is adjusted by at least one of the following: the distance from the light adjustment section to the corresponding sub-pixel, the first length of the light adjustment section, and the second length of the light adjustment section. The first length is the size of the light adjustment section along a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the display substrate is located. The second length is the size of the light adjustment section along a second direction, and the second direction is parallel to the plane where the display substrate is located and intersects with the center line of the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment section.

[0010] In some exemplary embodiments, the first length of the light adjustment portion is less than or equal to h0, h0=d0 / tanθ, wherein d0 is a vertical distance from the light adjustment portion to a center line of a corresponding sub-pixel, and θ is an oblique viewing angle.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments, the second length of the light adjustment portion is greater than or equal to the critical width D,

[0012]

[0013] Wherein, d0 is the vertical distance from the light adjustment portion to the center line of the corresponding sub-pixel, θ is the oblique viewing angle, n1 is the refractive index of the first medium, and n2 is the refractive index of the light adjustment portion.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments, a vertical distance d0 from the light adjustment portion to a center line of a corresponding sub-pixel is equal to a1 / 2+d, where a1 is a sub-pixel size corresponding to the light adjustment portion, and d is a distance from the light adjustment portion to the corresponding sub-pixel, wherein d is greater than 0 and less than a difference between a spacing between adjacent sub-pixels and a second length of the light adjustment portion between the adjacent sub-pixels.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments, in a plane passing through a center line of a sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment portion and perpendicular to the base substrate, the cross-section of the light adjustment portion is rectangular, or a second length of a bottom portion of the light adjustment portion is greater than a second length of a top portion.

[0016] In some exemplary embodiments, the color filter layer includes: a first color filter unit, a second color filter unit, and a third color filter unit that are periodically arranged. The light adjustment layer includes at least one of the following: a first light adjustment portion located on a side of the first color filter unit away from the second color filter unit, a fourth light adjustment portion located on a side of the first color filter unit close to the second color filter unit, a second light adjustment portion located on a side of the second color filter unit close to the first color filter unit, and a third light adjustment portion located on a side of the second color filter unit close to the third color filter unit.

[0017] In some exemplary embodiments, the second light adjustment portion and the fourth light adjustment portion are an integrated structure.

[0018] In some exemplary embodiments, the second length of the integrated structure formed by the second light adjustment part and the fourth light adjustment part is greater than or equal to the largest of the critical width of the second light adjustment part and the critical width of the fourth light adjustment part. The second length is the dimension of the light adjustment part along the second direction, the second direction is parallel to the plane where the display substrate is located, and intersects with the center line of the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment part.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments, the first color filter unit is a red filter unit, the second color filter unit is a green filter unit, and the third color filter unit is a blue filter unit. The first light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit are configured to adjust the emission direction of the first color light emitted from the first color filter unit; the second light adjustment unit and the third light adjustment unit are configured to adjust the emission direction of the second color light emitted from the second color filter unit. The first length of the first light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit is greater than or equal to the first length of the second light adjustment unit, and greater than or equal to the first length of the third light adjustment unit. The first length is the size of the light adjustment unit along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the display substrate is located.

[0020] In some exemplary embodiments, the first lengths of the first and fourth light adjustment portions are approximately 0.7 to 1.2 microns, the first length of the second light adjustment portion is approximately 0.1 to 0.5 microns, and the first length of the third light adjustment portion is approximately 0.01 to 0.3 microns.

[0021] In some exemplary embodiments, the second lengths of the first light adjustment part, the second light adjustment part, the third light adjustment part, and the fourth light adjustment part are substantially the same. The second length is the size of the light adjustment part along a second direction, the second direction is parallel to the plane where the display substrate is located, and intersects with the center line of the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment part.

[0022] In some exemplary embodiments, the material of the light adjustment layer is a negative refractive index material.

[0023] In some exemplary embodiments, the sub-pixel includes: a light-emitting element and a driving circuit for driving the light-emitting element to emit light. The light-emitting element includes: a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode is located on a side of the second electrode close to the base substrate. There is an inclination angle between the plane where the first electrode is located and the plane where the base substrate is located.

[0024] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, comprising the display substrate as described above.

[0025] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a display substrate, which is used to prepare the display substrate as described above. The preparation method includes: forming a display structure layer on a base substrate; forming a light adjustment layer on the light exit side of the display structure layer. The display structure layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels. The orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the base substrate does not overlap with the opening area of ​​the plurality of sub-pixels; the light adjustment layer is configured to adjust the exit direction of at least one color of light emitted from the display structure layer.

[0026] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a color filter substrate, comprising: a substrate, a color filter layer disposed on the substrate, and a light adjustment layer. The color filter layer comprises a black matrix and a plurality of periodically arranged color filter units, the light adjustment layer is disposed on a side of the black matrix away from the substrate; the light adjustment layer is configured to adjust the emission direction of at least one color light emitted from the color filter layer.

[0027] Other aspects will be apparent upon reading and understanding the drawings and detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present disclosure, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present disclosure. The shape and size of one or more components in the accompanying drawings do not reflect the actual proportions and are only intended to illustrate the contents of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a spectrum schematic diagram of a display substrate at a viewing angle of 0° and a viewing angle of 60°;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a display substrate having a yellowish color at an oblique viewing angle;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a planar structure of a plurality of sub-pixels in a display area of ​​at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the characteristics of light refractive materials;

[0035] Fig. 7A and Figure 7B A schematic diagram of the relationship between the first length and the second length of the light adjustment portion of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 8 is another structural schematic diagram of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of light intensity control of a light adjustment layer at different viewing angles according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the improvement effect of color shift on the display substrate at an oblique viewing angle according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of brightness attenuation of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Fig.12 is another structural schematic diagram of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figures 13 to 15 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional and cross-sectional structure of a light adjustment portion of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Fig.16 is another structural schematic diagram of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of a color filter substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments can be implemented in a plurality of different forms. A person skilled in the art can easily understand the fact that the method and content can be transformed into one or more forms without departing from the purpose and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should not be interpreted as being limited to the contents described in the following embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

[0046] In the drawings, the size of one or more components, the thickness of a layer, or an area is sometimes exaggerated for the sake of clarity. Therefore, one embodiment of the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to the size, and the shape and size of each component in the drawings do not reflect the true proportion. In addition, the drawings schematically show ideal examples, and one embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the shapes or values ​​shown in the drawings.

[0047] The ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", and "third" in the present disclosure are provided to avoid confusion of constituent elements, rather than to limit the quantity. The "plurality" in the present disclosure includes two and more than two.

[0048] In the present disclosure, for the sake of convenience, the words and phrases indicating the orientation or positional relationship, such as "middle", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., are used to illustrate the positional relationship of the constituent elements with reference to the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present specification and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure. The positional relationship of the constituent elements is appropriately changed according to the direction in which the constituent elements are described. Therefore, it is not limited to the words and phrases described in the specification, and can be appropriately replaced according to the situation.

[0049] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate, or the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the circumstances.

[0050] In the present disclosure, a transistor refers to an element including at least three terminals: a gate electrode, a drain electrode, and a source electrode. The transistor has a channel region between the drain electrode (drain electrode terminal, drain region, or drain electrode) and the source electrode (source electrode terminal, source region, or source electrode), and current can flow through the drain electrode, the channel region, and the source electrode. In the present disclosure, the channel region refers to the region where the current mainly flows. In the case of using transistors with opposite polarities or when the current direction changes during circuit operation, the functions of the "source electrode" and the "drain electrode" are sometimes interchanged. Therefore, in the present disclosure, the "source electrode" and the "drain electrode" can be interchanged.

[0051] In the present disclosure, "electrical connection" includes the situation where components are connected together through an element having some electrical function. There is no particular limitation on the "element having some electrical function" as long as it can transmit and receive electrical signals between the connected components. Examples of "element having some electrical function" include not only electrodes and wiring, but also switching elements such as transistors, resistors, inductors, capacitors, and other elements having one or more functions.

[0052] In the present disclosure, "parallel" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is greater than -10° and less than 10°, and therefore, a state where the angle is greater than -5° and less than 5° may be included. In addition, "perpendicular" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is greater than 80° and less than 100°, and therefore, a state where the angle is greater than 85° and less than 95° may be included.

[0053] In the present disclosure, "film" and "layer" may be interchanged. For example, "conductive layer" may be replaced with "conductive film" in some cases. Similarly, "insulating film" may be replaced with "insulating layer" in some cases.

[0054] The terms “about” and “substantially” in the present disclosure do not strictly define the limits, but allow for a range of process and measurement errors.

[0055] At present, OLED display substrates use microcavity effect to improve the luminous efficiency and color purity of displayed images. The microcavity effect is that the light emitted from the organic light-emitting layer (EL, Electro-Luminescence) is repeatedly and selectively reflected between specific layers, and passes through the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer with increased optical intensity, thereby improving the brightness and color purity of the final output light. However, due to the existence of the microcavity effect, the light in the OLED display substrate will cause the OLED display substrate to have a color deviation problem through interference superposition and interference destructive effect.

[0056] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the spectrum of a display substrate at a viewing angle of 0° (i.e., normal viewing angle) and a viewing angle of 60°. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, compared with the red, green and blue (RGB) spectrum intensity at a 0° viewing angle, the RGB spectrum intensity at a 60° viewing angle is reduced. Among them, the red and blue light intensities decrease faster, and the RGB spectrum at a 60° viewing angle is blue-shifted compared to the RGB spectrum at a normal viewing angle, which makes the brightness ratio of the RGB synthesized white light at a 60° viewing angle different from the brightness ratio of the RGB synthesized white light at a normal viewing angle, which is manifested as abnormal image quality of the OLED display substrate at a 60° viewing angle, with an abnormal state of bluish or yellowish color.

[0057] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram showing that the color of a display substrate is yellowish at an oblique viewing angle (ie, a viewing angle other than 0°). Figure 2 The figure shows the CIE1931 chromaticity diagram, where the X-axis chromaticity coordinates represent the proportion of the red primary color, and the Y-axis chromaticity coordinates represent the proportion of the green primary color. Figure 2 As shown, the synthesized white light at a normal viewing angle corresponds to point S1, and the synthesized white light at an oblique viewing angle (for example, a viewing angle greater than 60°) corresponds to point S2. Figure 2 It can be seen that compared with the normal viewing angle, the display substrate is yellowed at the oblique viewing angle.

[0058] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, comprising: a base substrate, a display structure layer disposed on the base substrate, and a light adjustment layer disposed on the light exit side of the display structure layer. The display structure layer comprises a plurality of sub-pixels. The orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the base substrate does not overlap with the opening areas of the plurality of sub-pixels. The light adjustment layer is configured to adjust the exit direction of at least one color of light emitted from the display structure layer.

[0059] The display substrate provided in this embodiment can adjust the emission direction of at least one color of light by means of a light adjustment layer provided on the light-emitting side of the display structure layer, and can adjust the intensity of light of different colors entering the human eye by changing the path of the light, thereby improving the visual color deviation existing in the display substrate.

[0060] In some exemplary embodiments, the light adjustment layer is configured to adjust the emission direction of at least one of the following color lights emitted from the display structure layer: red light, green light, and blue light. For example, the light adjustment layer only adjusts the emission direction of red light, or only adjusts the emission direction of green light, or only adjusts the emission direction of blue light, or adjusts the emission direction of at least two color lights among red light, green light, and blue light. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0061] In some exemplary embodiments, the display structure layer further includes: a color filter layer located on the light-emitting side of the plurality of sub-pixels. The color filter layer includes a black matrix and a plurality of periodically arranged color filter units, the black matrix being located between adjacent color filter units. The light adjustment layer is located on the side of the black matrix away from the substrate. In some examples, the plurality of color filter units may correspond one to one to the plurality of sub-pixels. The orthographic projection of the color filter unit on the substrate covers the opening area of ​​the corresponding sub-pixel. The orthographic projection of the black matrix on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the color filter unit on the substrate substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the substrate substrate. In some examples, the display substrate may be a display substrate of a COE (CF on Encapsulation, forming a color filter layer on a thin-film encapsulated organic electroluminescent device) structure. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0062] In some exemplary embodiments, the light adjustment layer includes at least one light adjustment portion, and the light adjustment portion is located on at least one side of at least one color filter unit. In some examples, at least one light adjustment portion can be arranged around at least one color filter unit, for example, the light adjustment portion can be located on one side of the color filter unit, or on two opposite sides, or all around. In some examples, the light adjustment layer includes a plurality of light adjustment portions, and the plurality of light adjustment portions can be independent of each other, or a portion of the light adjustment portions can be interconnected to form an integral structure, or all the light adjustment portions are interconnected to form an integral structure. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0063] In some exemplary embodiments, the brightness ratio of different colors of light on the display substrate at a target viewing angle can be adjusted by at least one of the following: the distance from the light adjustment portion to the corresponding sub-pixel, the first length of the light adjustment portion, and the second length of the light adjustment portion. The first length is the dimension of the light adjustment portion along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the display substrate is located. The second length is the dimension of the light adjustment portion along the second direction, and the second direction is parallel to the plane where the display substrate is located, and intersects with the center line of the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment portion. In the present disclosure, the first length may be referred to as thickness or height, and the second length may be referred to as width. In some examples, the distance from the light adjustment portion to the corresponding sub-pixel may be the vertical distance between the edge of the light adjustment portion close to the corresponding sub-pixel and the edge of the opening area of ​​the sub-pixel close to the light adjustment portion.

[0064] In some examples, the brightness ratio of different colors of light on the display substrate at a target viewing angle can be adjusted by adjusting the distance from the light adjustment unit to the corresponding sub-pixel, thereby improving the color deviation of the viewing angle. For example, by adjusting the distance from the light adjustment unit to the corresponding sub-pixel, the RGB brightness ratio under the color deviation of the viewing angle is adjusted to the optimal brightness ratio at the target viewing angle. Among them, the sizes of different light adjustment units (including the first length and the second length) can be the same. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0065] In some examples, the brightness ratio of different colors of light on the display substrate at a target viewing angle can be adjusted by adjusting the first length and the second length of the light adjustment portion, thereby improving the color deviation of the viewing angle. For example, the second length of the light adjustment portion is determined according to the vertical distance from the light adjustment portion to the center line of the corresponding sub-pixel and the target viewing angle; the adjustment factor of different colors of light is determined according to the RGB brightness ratio under the color deviation of the viewing angle and the optimal brightness ratio as the adjustment target, and based on the adjustment factor, the first length of the light adjustment portion is determined to achieve the optimal brightness ratio at the target viewing angle.

[0066] In some examples, the brightness ratio of different colors of light on the display substrate at a target viewing angle can be adjusted by adjusting the distance from the light adjustment part to the corresponding sub-pixel, the first length and the second length of the light adjustment part, thereby improving the color deviation of the viewing angle. For example, for a light adjustment part, the second length of the light adjustment part is determined according to the vertical distance from the light adjustment part to the center line of the corresponding sub-pixel and the target viewing angle; the adjustment factor of different colors of light is determined according to the RGB brightness ratio under the color deviation of the viewing angle on the left side and the optimal brightness ratio as the adjustment target, and based on the adjustment factor, the first length of the light adjustment part is determined to achieve the optimal brightness ratio under the target viewing angle on the left. The size of the remaining light adjustment parts is set to be the same as the size of the aforementioned light adjustment parts (including the first length and the second length). By adjusting the distance from the remaining light adjustment parts to the corresponding sub-pixels, the RGB brightness ratio under the color deviation of the viewing angle on the right side is adjusted to the optimal brightness ratio under the target viewing angle.

[0067] In some exemplary embodiments, the first length of the light adjustment portion is less than or equal to h0, h0=d0 / tanθ, where d0 is a vertical distance from the light adjustment portion to a center line of a corresponding sub-pixel, and θ is an oblique viewing angle.

[0068] In some exemplary embodiments, the second length of the light adjustment portion is greater than or equal to the critical width D,

[0069]

[0070] Wherein, d0 is the vertical distance from the light adjustment part to the center line of the corresponding sub-pixel, θ is the oblique viewing angle, n1 is the refractive index of the first medium, and n2 is the refractive index of the light adjustment part. The first medium is the medium through which the light passes before entering the light adjustment part.

[0071] In some exemplary embodiments, the vertical distance d0 from the light adjustment part to the center line of the corresponding sub-pixel is equal to a1 / 2+d, where a1 is the size of the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment part, and d is the distance from the light adjustment part to the corresponding sub-pixel, and d is greater than 0 and less than the difference between the spacing between adjacent sub-pixels and the second length of the light adjustment part between the adjacent sub-pixels. In this example, the size of the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment part may refer to the size of the opening area of ​​the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment part.

[0072] In some exemplary embodiments, in a plane passing through the center line of the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment portion and perpendicular to the substrate, the cross-section of the light adjustment portion is rectangular, or the second length of the bottom of the light adjustment portion is greater than the second length of the top. In some examples, the cross-section of the light adjustment portion is rectangular, then the height of the light adjustment portion can be less than or equal to h0, and the width can be greater than or equal to D. In some examples, the cross-section of the light adjustment portion can be non-rectangular, wherein the second length of the bottom of the light adjustment portion is greater than the second length of the top, and the second length of the portion between the bottom and the top can change, for example, gradually decrease, first decrease and then increase, etc. For example, the cross-section of the light adjustment portion can be a trapezoid, a triangle, or a structure with an arc-shaped top surface (for example, the top surface is a convex or concave surface). Among them, the maximum height of the light adjustment portion can be less than or equal to h0, and the minimum width of the light adjustment portion can be greater than or equal to D. For example, if the cross-section of the light adjustment portion is a trapezoid, then the height of the trapezoid can be less than or equal to h0, and the length of the upper base of the trapezoid (i.e., the second length of the top) can be greater than or equal to D. For example, if the cross section of the light adjustment portion is a triangle, the maximum height of the triangle may be less than or equal to h0, and the minimum width may be greater than or equal to D. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0073] In some exemplary embodiments, the color filter layer may include: a first color filter unit, a second color filter unit, and a third color filter unit that are periodically arranged. The light adjustment layer may include at least one of the following: a first light adjustment portion located on a side of the first color filter unit away from the second color filter unit, a fourth light adjustment portion located on a side of the first color filter unit close to the second color filter unit, a second light adjustment portion located on a side of the second color filter unit close to the first color filter unit, and a third light adjustment portion located on a side of the second color filter unit close to the third color filter unit. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0074] In some exemplary embodiments, the second light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit may be an integrated structure, wherein the second light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit are both located between the first color filter unit and the second color filter unit. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0075] In some exemplary embodiments, the second length of the integrated structure formed by the second light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit is greater than or equal to the largest of the critical width of the second light adjustment unit and the critical width of the fourth light adjustment unit. For example, if the critical width of the second light adjustment unit is greater than the critical width of the fourth light adjustment unit, then the second length of the integrated structure formed by the second light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit is greater than or equal to the critical width of the second light adjustment unit. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0076] In some exemplary embodiments, the first color filter unit is a red filter unit, the second color filter unit is a green filter unit, and the third color filter unit is a blue filter unit. The first light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit are configured to adjust the emission direction of the first color light emitted from the first color filter unit; the second light adjustment unit and the third light adjustment unit are configured to adjust the emission direction of the second color light emitted from the second color filter unit. The first length of the first light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit is greater than or equal to the first length of the second light adjustment unit, and greater than or equal to the first length of the third light adjustment unit. In other words, the first length of the light adjustment unit that adjusts the emission direction of the first color light is greater than or equal to the light adjustment unit that adjusts the emission direction of the second color light. In some examples, the first light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit are located on opposite sides of the first color filter unit, and the second light adjustment unit and the third light adjustment unit are located on opposite sides of the second color filter unit. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0077] In some exemplary embodiments, the first lengths of the first light adjustment portion and the fourth light adjustment portion are approximately 0.7 micrometers to 1.2 micrometers, the first length of the second light adjustment portion is approximately 0.1 micrometers to 0.5 micrometers, and the first length of the third light adjustment portion is approximately 0.01 micrometers to 0.3 micrometers. The light adjustment layer provided in this exemplary embodiment can improve color deviation at an oblique viewing angle greater than or equal to 60°.

[0078] In some exemplary embodiments, the second lengths of the first light adjustment unit, the second light adjustment unit, the third light adjustment unit, and the fourth light adjustment unit are substantially the same. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the second lengths of the first light adjustment unit, the second light adjustment unit, the third light adjustment unit, and the fourth light adjustment unit may be different from each other, or partially the same. The second lengths of different light adjustment units need to be greater than or equal to the corresponding critical width.

[0079] In some exemplary embodiments, the material of the light adjustment layer is a negative refractive index material. For example, the material of the light adjustment layer may include at least one of the following: a photonic crystal material, a two-medium negative refractive material. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0080] In some exemplary embodiments, the sub-pixel includes: a light-emitting element and a driving circuit for driving the light-emitting element to emit light. The light-emitting element includes: a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic light-emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode being located on a side of the second electrode close to the substrate; there is an inclination angle between the plane where the first electrode is located and the plane where the substrate is located. In some examples, the inclination angles between the plane where the first electrode is located and the plane where the substrate is located of different sub-pixels are different. In some examples, the positive projection of the light adjustment part corresponding to the sub-pixel on the substrate substrate can be located on the side facing the inclination angle of the first electrode of the sub-pixel. For example, the right side of the first electrode of the sub-pixel is padded so that an inclination angle is formed between the plane where the first electrode is located and the plane where the substrate is located, and the positive projection of the light adjustment part corresponding to the sub-pixel on the substrate substrate can be located on the left side of the sub-pixel. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. The display substrate of this exemplary embodiment can improve the situation that the monochromatic ratio of the synthesized white light under different viewing angles changes greatly due to the inclination angle of the first electrode, resulting in asymmetry of the brightness decay (L-Decay) in the positive and negative viewing angle directions, thereby improving the color deviation of the visual angle caused thereby.

[0081] The display substrate of this embodiment is illustrated below by multiple examples. In the following examples, the display substrate is an OLED display substrate with a top emission structure. The light-emitting side of the display structure layer is far away from the base substrate. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the display substrate can be an OLED display substrate with a bottom emission structure. The light-emitting side of the display structure layer is close to the base substrate.

[0082] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate may include: a display area and a non-display area located around the display area. The display area may regularly arrange a plurality of pixel units. At least one of the plurality of pixel units includes a plurality of sub-pixels, for example, may include: a first sub-pixel emitting a first color light, a second sub-pixel emitting a second color light, and a third sub-pixel emitting a third color light. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. For example, at least one pixel unit may include a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and a white sub-pixel. At least one sub-pixel includes: a light-emitting element and a pixel driving circuit for driving the light-emitting element to emit light. The pixel driving circuit in at least one sub-pixel is respectively connected to the scan signal line, the data signal line, and the light-emitting signal line, and the pixel driving circuit is configured to receive the data voltage transmitted by the data signal line under the control of the scan signal line and the light-emitting signal line, and output the corresponding current to the corresponding light-emitting element. The light-emitting element in at least one sub-pixel is connected to the corresponding pixel driving circuit, and the light-emitting element is configured to emit light of corresponding brightness in response to the current output by the pixel driving circuit of the sub-pixel.

[0083] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of multiple sub-pixels in a display area of ​​at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3As shown, in a plane parallel to the display substrate, a plurality of sub-pixels in the display area may be arranged in the following manner: arranged in a repeating unit of a first sub-pixel P1, two second sub-pixels P2 and a third sub-pixel P3 in each row, and the two second sub-pixels P2 in the repeating unit are arranged along the column direction. Among them, the first sub-pixel P1 emits a first color light, the second sub-pixel P2 emits a second color light, and the third sub-pixel P3 emits a third color light. The spacing of sub-pixels emitting the same color light in the row direction may be approximately equal to 1 to 2 times, for example, 1.5 times, of the sub-pixel width. The two second sub-pixels P2 may be pentagons (for example, rounded pentagons), the two second sub-pixels P2 are symmetrical to each other, and the axis of symmetry is parallel to the row direction. The first sub-pixel P1 and the third sub-pixel P3 are hexagons (for example, rounded hexagons). The length of the first sub-pixel P1 along the column direction may be greater than the length of the third sub-pixel P3 along the column direction, and the length of the third sub-pixel P3 along the column direction may be greater than the length of the second sub-pixel P2 along the column direction. In some examples, the first sub-pixel P1 may be a red (R) sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel P2 may be a green (G) sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel P3 may be a blue (B) sub-pixel. Accordingly, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light. In this example, the three sub-pixels of a pixel unit are arranged in a herringbone manner. However, this embodiment does not limit the shape and arrangement of the multiple sub-pixels in the display area. For example, the sub-pixels may be rectangular, rhombus, pentagonal, or hexagonal. When a pixel unit includes three sub-pixels, the three sub-pixels may be arranged horizontally in parallel or vertically in parallel; when a pixel unit includes four sub-pixels, the four sub-pixels may be arranged horizontally in parallel, vertically in parallel, or in a square manner.

[0084] Figure 4 The diagram is a partial structural diagram of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 A repeating unit of the display area is used as an example for illustration, and a color filter layer is provided on the light-emitting side of the sub-pixel. Figure 4As shown, the color filter layer includes: a black matrix 501 and a first color filter unit 502a, a second color filter unit 502b and a third color filter unit 502c arranged periodically. The black matrix 501 is located between adjacent color filter units. The first color filter unit 502a is located at the light-emitting side of the first sub-pixel P1, and the orthographic projection of the first color filter unit 502a on the substrate covers the opening area of ​​the first sub-pixel P1. The second color filter unit 502b is located at the light-emitting side of the second sub-pixel P2, and the orthographic projection of the second color filter unit 502b on the substrate covers the opening area of ​​the second sub-pixel P2. The third color filter unit 502c is located at the light-emitting side of the third sub-pixel P3, and the orthographic projection of the third color filter unit 502c on the substrate covers the opening area of ​​the third sub-pixel P3. At least one sub-pixel includes an opening area and a non-opening area surrounding the opening area. The opening area of ​​the sub-pixel is configured to display and is not blocked by the black matrix 501; the non-opening area surrounds the opening area and is blocked by the black matrix 501 and does not display. In some examples, the first color filter unit 502a is a red filter unit, the second color filter unit 502b is a green filter unit, and the third color filter unit 502c is a blue filter unit.

[0085] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 4As shown, a light adjustment layer is provided on the side of the black matrix 501 away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the black matrix 501 on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the color filter unit on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the substrate does not overlap with the opening area of ​​the plurality of sub-pixels. In other words, the light adjustment layer does not block the opening area of ​​the sub-pixel. The light adjustment layer includes a plurality of light adjustment parts, such as a first light adjustment part 601, a second light adjustment part 602, and a third light adjustment part 603. The first light adjustment part 601 is located on the side of the first color filter unit 502a away from the adjacent second color filter unit 502b, the second light adjustment part 602 is located between the first color filter unit 502a and the adjacent second color filter unit 502b, and the third light adjustment part 603 is located between the second color filter unit 502b and the adjacent third color filter unit 502c. The first light adjustment unit 601 is configured to adjust the emission direction of the first color light emitted from the first color filter unit 502a, and the second light adjustment unit 602 and the third light adjustment unit 603 are configured to adjust the emission direction of the second color light emitted from the second color filter unit 502b. However, the present embodiment does not limit the number and arrangement position of the light adjustment units of the light adjustment layer. For example, a light adjustment portion may be provided only around the first color filter unit 502a (for example, one side, or two opposite sides, or all around the first color filter unit 502a) to adjust the emission direction of the first color light emitted from the first color filter unit 502a; or, a light adjustment portion may be provided only around the second color filter unit 502b (for example, one side, or two opposite sides, or all around the second color filter unit 502b) to adjust the emission direction of the second color light emitted from the second color filter unit 502b; or, a light adjustment portion may be provided only around the third color filter unit 502c (for example, one side, or two opposite sides, or all around the third color filter unit 502c) to adjust the emission direction of the third color light emitted from the third color filter unit 502c; or, a light adjustment portion may be provided around at least two color filter units to adjust the emission direction of the light emitted from the corresponding color filter units.

[0086] In some exemplary embodiments, at least a portion of the light adjustment portion of the light adjustment layer may be an integrated structure. Figure 4As shown, the second light adjustment part 602 of two adjacent second color filter units 502b on the side close to the first color filter unit 502a can be an integrated structure, and the third light adjustment part 603 of two adjacent second color filter units 502b on the side close to the third color filter unit 502c can be an integrated structure. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. In some examples, all light adjustment parts in the light adjustment layer can be independent of each other. For example, the light adjustment parts corresponding to different color filter units are independent of each other and are not connected.

[0087] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, at least one light adjustment portion of the light adjustment layer can be a strip structure. The extension direction of the light adjustment portion can be perpendicular to the sub-pixel row direction and parallel to the sub-pixel column direction. The extension length of the light adjustment portion along the sub-pixel column direction can be greater than the length of the opening area of ​​the corresponding sub-pixel along the column direction. For example, the extension length of the first light adjustment portion 601 along the sub-pixel column direction is greater than the length of the opening area of ​​the first sub-pixel P1 along the column direction, and is also greater than the length of the first color filter unit 502a along the sub-pixel column direction. The extension length of the second light adjustment portion 602 and the third light adjustment portion 603 along the sub-pixel column direction is greater than the length of the opening area of ​​the second sub-pixel P2 along the column direction, and is also greater than the length of the second color filter unit 502b along the sub-pixel column direction. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the extension length of at least one light adjustment portion along the sub-pixel column direction can be equal to or less than the length of the opening area of ​​the corresponding sub-pixel along the column direction. Alternatively, the extension direction of the light adjustment portion can be perpendicular to the sub-pixel column direction and parallel to the sub-pixel row direction.

[0088] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a local cross section along the RR direction in FIG. In some exemplary embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, in a plane perpendicular to the display substrate, the display substrate includes: a base substrate 101, a display structure layer disposed on the base substrate 101, an encapsulation layer 104 located on a side of the display structure layer away from the base substrate 101, a color filter layer 105 and a light adjustment layer 106 located on a side of the encapsulation layer 104 away from the base substrate 101, and a flat layer 107 and a cover layer 108 located on a side of the light adjustment layer 106 away from the base substrate 101. In some possible implementations, the display substrate may include other film layers, such as spacers, etc. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0089] In some exemplary embodiments, the base substrate 101 may be a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate. The display structure layer includes: a driving structure layer 102 disposed on the base substrate 101, and a light emitting structure layer 103 located on a side of the driving structure layer 102 away from the base substrate 101. The driving structure layer 102 includes a plurality of pixel driving circuits. At least one pixel driving circuit includes a plurality of transistors and at least one storage capacitor. For example, the pixel driving circuit may be a 3T1C, 4T1C, 5T1C, 5T2C, 6T1C or 7T1C structure. Figure 5 In the figure, one transistor 211 and one storage capacitor 210 included in each sub-pixel are taken as an example for illustration.

[0090] In some examples, the driving structure layer 102 includes: a semiconductor layer, a first gate metal layer, a second gate metal layer and a source-drain metal layer sequentially arranged on the base substrate 101. A first insulating layer 201 is arranged between the semiconductor layer and the base substrate 101, a second insulating layer 202 is arranged between the semiconductor layer and the first gate metal layer, a third insulating layer 203 is arranged between the first gate metal layer and the second gate metal layer, a fourth insulating layer 204 is arranged between the second gate metal layer and the source-drain metal layer, and a fifth insulating layer 205 is arranged on the side of the source-drain metal layer away from the base substrate 101. The semiconductor layer includes at least an active layer of the transistor 211, the first gate metal layer includes at least a gate electrode of the transistor 211 and a first capacitor electrode of the storage capacitor 210, the second gate metal layer includes at least a second capacitor electrode of the storage capacitor 210, and the source-drain metal layer includes at least a source electrode and a drain electrode of the transistor 211. In some examples, the first insulating layer 201 to the fourth insulating layer 204 may be an inorganic insulating layer, and the fifth insulating layer 205 may be an organic insulating layer. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0091] In some examples, the light emitting structure layer 103 includes a plurality of light emitting elements. The light emitting structure layer 103 may include: a pixel definition layer 302, a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and an organic light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The first electrode layer is located on a side of the second electrode layer close to the base substrate 101. The first electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes (e.g., first electrodes 301a, 301b, and 301c), and the second electrode layer includes a second electrode 304. For example, the first electrode may be a reflective electrode, and the second electrode may be a transparent electrode or a semi-transparent and semi-reflective electrode. Figure 5As shown, the light-emitting element of the first sub-pixel includes a first electrode 301a, a second electrode 304, and an organic light-emitting layer 303a located between the first electrode 301a and the second electrode 304; the light-emitting element of the second sub-pixel may include a first electrode 301b, a second electrode 304, and an organic light-emitting layer 303b located between the first electrode 301b and the second electrode 304; the light-emitting element of the third sub-pixel may include a first electrode 301c, a second electrode 304, and an organic light-emitting layer 303c located between the first electrode 301c and the second electrode 304. Take the light-emitting element of the first sub-pixel as an example for explanation. The first electrode 301a of the light-emitting element of the first sub-pixel is connected to the drain electrode of the transistor 211 of the corresponding pixel driving circuit through a via hole. The pixel definition layer 302 has a plurality of pixel definition layer openings. Each pixel definition layer opening exposes at least part of the corresponding first electrode 301a, the organic light emitting layer 303a is arranged on the side of the first electrode 301a away from the substrate 101, and contacts the first electrode 301a through the pixel definition layer opening, and the second electrode 304 is arranged on the side of the organic light emitting layer 303a away from the substrate 101, and contacts the organic light emitting layer 303a. The organic light emitting layer 303a in the pixel definition layer opening emits the first color light under the drive of the first electrode 301a and the second electrode 304. Similarly, the organic light emitting layer 303b in the pixel definition layer opening emits the second color light under the drive of the first electrode 301b and the second electrode 304, and the organic light emitting layer 303c in the pixel definition layer opening emits the third color light under the drive of the first electrode 301c and the second electrode 304. The orthographic projection of the pixel definition layer opening on the substrate 101 includes the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the sub-pixel on the substrate 101.

[0092] In some exemplary embodiments, the organic light-emitting layer may include a stacked hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an electron blocking layer (EBL), an emitting layer (EML), a hole blocking layer (HBL), an electron transport layer (ETL), and an electron injection layer (EIL). In some examples, the hole injection layer and the electron injection layer of all sub-pixels may be a common layer connected together, the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer of all sub-pixels may be a common layer connected together, the hole blocking layer of all sub-pixels may be a common layer connected together, the light-emitting layer and the electron blocking layer of adjacent sub-pixels may have a small amount of overlap, or may be isolated, and the hole blocking layer may be a common layer connected together. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0093] In some exemplary embodiments, the encapsulation layer 104 may include a first encapsulation layer, a second encapsulation layer, and a third encapsulation layer stacked. The first encapsulation layer and the third encapsulation layer may be made of inorganic materials, the second encapsulation layer may be made of organic materials, and the second encapsulation layer is disposed between the first encapsulation layer and the third encapsulation layer to ensure that external water vapor cannot enter the light-emitting element. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0094] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, in a plane perpendicular to the display substrate, the cross-sections of the first light adjustment part 601, the second light adjustment part 602, and the third light adjustment part 603 of the light adjustment layer 106 can all be rectangular, for example, the cross-sections of the three are rectangles with different sizes. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the cross-sectional dimensions of different light adjustment parts can be the same; or, the cross-sectional shapes of different light adjustment parts can be different.

[0095] In some exemplary embodiments, the light adjustment layer 106 may be made of a negative refractive index material, that is, a material with a refractive index less than 0. For example, the material of the light adjustment layer 106 may include at least one of the following: a photonic crystal material, a bi-medium negative refractive index material (eg, modified polyimide). Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the properties of light-refractive materials. Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of the refraction of light by general materials. Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram of the refraction of light by negative refractive index materials. Figure 6In the equation, n0 represents the refractive index of general materials, n2 represents the refractive index of negative refractive index materials, and n1 represents the refractive index of air. Figure 6 As shown in (b), the negative refractive index material has the characteristic that the incident light and the refracted light are located on the same side of the interface normal. After the light passes through the negative refractive index material, the path of the light changes, and it is emitted on the same side as the incident direction relative to the interface normal. In this exemplary embodiment, the light adjustment layer is designed using the characteristics of the negative refractive index material, so that the path of the light emitted from the color filter layer can be changed to improve the color deviation of the viewing angle of the display substrate.

[0096] Fig. 7A and Figure 7B The figure is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the first length and the second length of the light adjustment portion of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 7A and Figure 7B FIG. 1 is a partial schematic diagram of a plane passing through the center line of the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment part and perpendicular to the substrate. Fig. 7A As shown, when the first length and the second length of the light adjustment part meet certain conditions, the incident light of the light adjustment part can be propagated along the first path I. The first length is the size of the light adjustment part along the first direction, and the second length is the size of the light adjustment part along the second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the display substrate is located, and the first length can be called the thickness or height of the light adjustment part. The second direction is parallel to the plane where the display substrate is located, and can intersect with the center line of the sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment part. The second length can be called the width of the light adjustment part.

[0097] Among them, θ represents the oblique viewing angle, and θ may not be 0°; tt' represents the center line of the sub-pixel, and light with a viewing angle of 0° can be emitted along tt'; A represents the intersection between the sub-pixel center line tt' and the extended plane of the bottom surface of the light adjustment portion 603 (that is, the surface of the light adjustment portion 603 close to the substrate side); α1 represents the incident angle of light from the first medium to the interface of the light adjustment portion 603, and α2 represents the refraction angle of light at the interface of the light adjustment portion 603; n2 is the refractive index of the light adjustment portion 603; n1 is the refractive index of the first medium (for example, an air layer or a conventional filling layer); d0 is the vertical distance from the light adjustment portion 603 to the center line of the sub-pixel; h0 is the thickness of the light adjustment portion 603; d1 is the width of the light adjustment portion 603; and D is the critical width of the light adjustment portion 603. vv′ represents the interface normal of light incident from the first medium to the light adjustment part 603 ; ss′ represents the interface normal of light incident from the light adjustment part 603 to the first medium; oo′ represents the interface normal of light incident from the light adjustment part 603 to the black matrix 501 .

[0098] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 5 The third light adjustment part 603 with a rectangular cross section is used as an example for explanation. Fig. 7A The following relationship can be obtained:

[0099]

[0100]

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] According to formula 2, we can get:

[0104]

[0105] According to formula 1, formula 2, formula 3 and formula 4, we can get:

[0106]

[0107] According to Formula 5, the thickness h0 of the light adjustment portion 603 is correlated with the oblique viewing angle θ and the vertical distance d0 from the light adjustment portion 603 to the center line of the corresponding sub-pixel.

[0108] According to Formula 6, the critical width D of the light adjustment portion 603 is correlated with the oblique viewing angle θ, the vertical distance d0 from the light adjustment portion 603 to the corresponding sub-pixel center line, the refractive index n2 of the light adjustment portion 603, and the refractive index n1 of the first medium.

[0109] When the width d1 of the light adjustment portion 603 is greater than or equal to the critical width D, the light emission path will propagate along the first path I, such as Fig. 7A As shown. That is, when the thickness of the light adjustment part 603 is h0=d0 / tanθ and the width of the light adjustment part 603 is d1≥D, the light with a viewing angle θ greater than 0° to 90° is incident on the interface of the light adjustment part 603 along the propagation path, and then refracted along the first path I to enter the black matrix 501. Most of the light beams entering the black matrix 501 will be absorbed by the black matrix 501, so that the light color with excessive brightness ratio in the RGB synthetic white light can be adjusted by changing the light path by the light adjustment part 603, thereby improving the color deviation of the visual color of the display substrate.

[0110] When the width d1 of the light adjustment portion 603 is smaller than the critical width D, as shown in FIG. Figure 7B As shown, the light emission path will propagate along the second path II. Since the width d1 of the light adjustment part 603 is less than the critical width D, the light does not reach the interface between the light adjustment part 603 and the black matrix 501 for secondary refraction, and the light propagates along the second path II, that is, the initial propagation direction. Under this condition, the light adjustment part 603 cannot change the light path.

[0111] Depend on Fig. 7A and Figure 7BAs shown, the width d1 of the light adjustment portion of the light adjustment layer needs to be designed to be greater than or equal to the critical width D.

[0112] In this exemplary embodiment, by setting a light adjustment layer to adjust the light output direction of at least one color light (for example, the first color light and the second color light) emitted from the color filter layer, the light intensity of at least one color light entering the human eye in the oblique viewing direction can be regulated, thereby improving the visual color deviation of the display substrate.

[0113] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of the structure of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, in a plane perpendicular to the base substrate, the display substrate includes: a base substrate 101, a display structure layer disposed on the base substrate 101, an encapsulation layer 104 located on a side of the display structure layer away from the base substrate 101, a color filter layer 105 and a light adjustment layer 106 located on a side of the encapsulation layer 104 away from the base substrate 101, and a flat layer 107 and a cover layer 108 located on a side of the light adjustment layer 106 away from the base substrate 101. In some examples, the display structure layer includes: a driving structure layer 102 disposed on the base substrate 101, and a light emitting structure layer 103 located on a side of the driving structure layer 102 away from the base substrate 101. The driving structure layer 102 includes: a semiconductor layer, a first gate metal layer, a second gate metal layer, and a source-drain metal layer sequentially disposed on the base substrate 101.

[0114] In this example, since there are wirings of the source and drain metal layer under the light-emitting element, and a via is provided in the fifth insulating layer 205 to realize the connection between the first electrode and the corresponding pixel driving circuit, the first electrode will be uneven and tilted, that is, there is an inclination angle between the first electrode and the plane where the substrate 101 is located. In some examples, the inclination angle of the first electrode (that is, the angle between the plane where the first electrode is located and the plane where the substrate is located) is, for example, 4 degrees. Figure 8 As shown, due to the influence of the source-drain metal layer under the first electrode 301a of the first sub-pixel, the right side of the first electrode 301a is raised, causing the first electrode 301a to tilt; the left side of the first electrode 301b of the second sub-pixel is raised, causing the first electrode 301b to tilt; the right side of the first electrode 301c of the third sub-pixel is raised, causing the first electrode 301c to tilt. Since the tilt directions of the first electrodes of sub-pixels of different colors are different, the brightness attenuation (L-decay) of the light-emitting element in different directions will be different, resulting in a large change in the ratio of the RGB three-color monochromatic light synthesized in white light at different viewing angles, causing serious color deviation. Moreover, since the attenuation degrees of different color filter units in different bands are different, the brightness attenuation (L-decay) of different colors of light at different viewing angles will also be different, causing serious color deviation.

[0115] In this exemplary embodiment, by providing a light adjustment layer on the black matrix and differentially designing the parameters (e.g., thickness and width) of the light adjustment portion that adjusts the emission direction of light of different colors, the RGB brightness ratio of the synthesized white light at different viewing angles can be adjusted to the optimal brightness ratio to effectively improve the visual color deviation.

[0116] In some exemplary embodiments, according to the optical path formula 2d1n=kλ (wherein k is an integer, d1 is the optical path, which is the width of the light adjustment part here, λ is the wavelength, and n is the refractive index of the light adjustment part), it can be known that since different colors of light have different refractive indices when entering the same medium for propagation, and the proportions of adjustment required for synthesizing different colors of white light are also different, there will be differences in the thickness and width d1 of the light adjustment part that adjust the emission direction of different colors of light.

[0117] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the light adjustment layer 106 includes: a first light adjustment portion 601 and a fourth light adjustment portion 604 located on opposite sides of the first color filter unit 502a, and a second light adjustment portion 602 and a third light adjustment portion 603 located on opposite sides of the second color filter unit 502b. The second light adjustment portion 602 and the fourth light adjustment portion 604 are located between the first color filter unit 502a and the second color filter unit 502b, the second light adjustment portion 602 is close to the second color filter unit 502b, and the fourth light adjustment portion 604 is close to the first color filter unit 502a. The third light adjustment portion 603 is located between the second color filter unit 502b and the third color filter unit 502c. In this exemplary embodiment, the first color filter unit 502a is a red filter unit, the second color filter unit 502b is a green filter unit, and the third color filter unit 502c is a blue filter unit. In this exemplary embodiment, the light adjustment layer 106 can be used to adjust the emission directions of the red light and the green light at the same time, so as to control the intensity of the red light and the green light entering the human eye at an oblique viewing angle.

[0118] Based on the difference in refractive index of light of different colors in the same medium, combined with the above formulas 1 to 6, and the optimal brightness ratio of RGB synthetic white light is about 3:6:1, the light intensity of the three primary colors of RGB entering the human eye at an oblique viewing angle can be controlled. Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of light intensity control of a light adjustment layer at different viewing angles according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 As shown, through the adjustment of the light adjustment layer 106, the light intensity at a smaller viewing angle can be greater, and when the viewing angle is greater than 30°, the light intensity gradually decreases as the viewing angle increases. By adjusting the emission direction of light of different colors using the light adjustment layer 106, the light intensity control ratio at different viewing angles can be obtained to pull the display substrate back to white balance when it is shifted toward yellowing at an oblique viewing angle. Fig.10FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the improvement effect of the display substrate on color shift at an oblique viewing angle according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.10 As shown, the synthesized white light at a normal viewing angle corresponds to point S1, the synthesized white light at an oblique viewing angle for a display substrate without a light adjustment layer corresponds to point S2, and the synthesized white light at an oblique viewing angle for the display substrate provided in this embodiment corresponds to point S3. It can be seen that by using the light adjustment layer of the display substrate of this embodiment, the RGB brightness ratio at an oblique viewing angle can reach the ratio at a normal viewing angle to synthesize white light, thereby improving the yellowing of the color at an oblique viewing angle.

[0119] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate is yellowed at a viewing angle of 70°, the RGB brightness ratio at the left viewing angle is 3.3:6.1:0.6, and the RGB brightness ratio at the right viewing angle is 3.2:6.1:0.7. Figure 8 The display substrate shown in the figure illustrates the differentiated design of the light adjustment part of the light adjustment layer of the display substrate to improve the above situation. Assuming that the oblique viewing angle is θ, the sub-pixel size is a1 micrometers (um), the spacing between adjacent sub-pixels is b1um, the refractive index of the light adjustment layer for the light beam is n2, and the distance from the light adjustment part to the sub-pixel (for example, the vertical distance between the edge of the light adjustment part adjacent to the sub-pixel and the edge of the opening area of ​​the sub-pixel adjacent to the light adjustment part) is d um, then the vertical distance d0 from the center line of the first sub-pixel (for example, the red sub-pixel) to the light adjustment part (for example, the first light adjustment part 601 or the fourth light adjustment part 604) is (a1 / 2+d)um. According to the above equations 1 to 6, it can be obtained that the height h0 of the light adjustment part and the critical width D have the following relationship:

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] In some examples, the size of the first sub-pixel (eg, red sub-pixel) is about 10 um, the spacing between adjacent sub-pixels is 15 um, and the refractive index of the light-adjusting layer for red light is n. 2R =-0.7, the first medium is an air layer, n1 is the refractive index of the air layer, the distance from the light adjustment part to the first sub-pixel is about 2um. The size of the second sub-pixel (for example, the green sub-pixel) is about 5um, the distance between adjacent sub-pixels is 8um, and the refractive index of the light adjustment layer relative to green light is n 2G , the distance from the light adjustment part to the second sub-pixel is about 1um. Substituting the relevant data corresponding to the first sub-pixel into equations 7 and 8, we can get:

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] Taking the light adjustment parts around the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel as having the same width as an example, according to 2d1n=kλ, we can obtain:

[0126]

[0127] From this we can get: 2G =-0.6.

[0128] Substituting the relevant data corresponding to the second sub-pixel into equations 7 and 8, we can obtain:

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] For the RGB brightness ratio on the left side of 3.3:6.1:0.6, it needs to be adjusted to the optimal brightness ratio of 3:6:1, then the red light brightness needs to be reduced by 45%, and the green light brightness needs to be reduced by 41%, that is, the adjustment factor f R =45%, f G =41%. Based on this, the thickness h of the first light adjustment part 601 disposed on the left side of the first sub-pixel is 0R Need to be multiplied by the adjustment factor f R =45%, so h 0R =f R ×2.55=1.15 um; the thickness h of the first light adjustment part 602 disposed on the left side of the second sub-pixel 0G Need to be multiplied by the adjustment factor f G =41%, so h 0G =f G ×1.27=0.52um.

[0132] For the RGB brightness ratio of 3.2:6.1:0.7 on the right, it needs to be adjusted to the optimal brightness ratio of 3:6:1, then the red light brightness needs to be reduced by 34%, and the green light brightness needs to be reduced by 31%, that is, the adjustment factor f R =34%, f G =31%. Based on this, the thickness h of the fourth light adjustment portion 604 disposed on the right side of the first sub-pixel is 0R Need to be multiplied by the adjustment factor f R =34%, so h 0R =f R ×2.55=0.87 um; the thickness h of the third light adjustment part 603 disposed on the right side of the second sub-pixel 0G Need to multiply by adjustment factor f G =31%, so h 0G =f G ×1.27=0.39um.

[0133] In this example, the adjustment factors of the red and green light brightness can be determined based on the actual RGB brightness ratio to be adjusted, the optimal brightness ratio to be adjusted, and the brightness adjustment algorithm. This embodiment does not limit the implementation of the brightness adjustment algorithm.

[0134] According to the above, if Figure 8 As shown, a first light adjustment part 601 is set at a distance of 2um from the first sub-pixel on the left side of the first sub-pixel, and a fourth light adjustment part 604 is set at a distance of 2um from the first sub-pixel on the right side of the first sub-pixel. The thickness of the first light adjustment part 601 is about 1.15um and the width is about 5um; the thickness of the fourth light adjustment part 604 is about 0.87um and the width is about 5um. The first light adjustment part 601 can adjust the red light brightness within the range of 70° to 90° to reduce by 45%, and the fourth light adjustment part 604 can adjust the red light brightness within the range of 70° to 90° to reduce by 34%. A second light adjustment part 602 is set at a distance of 1um from the second sub-pixel on the left side of the second sub-pixel, and a third light adjustment part 603 is set at a distance of 1um from the second sub-pixel on the right side of the second sub-pixel. The thickness of the second light adjustment part 602 is about 0.52um and the width is about 5um; the thickness of the third light adjustment part 603 is about 0.39um and the width is about 5um. The second light adjustment part 602 can adjust the green light brightness within the range of 70° viewing angle to 90° viewing angle to reduce by 41%, and the third light adjustment part 603 can adjust the green light brightness within the range of 70° viewing angle to 90° viewing angle to reduce by 31%. This exemplary embodiment can adjust the RGB brightness ratio on the left and right sides at a 70° viewing angle to 3:6:1, thereby improving the color shift and yellowing of the display substrate at a 70° viewing angle. In this example, the widths of the first light adjustment part 601 to the fourth light adjustment part 604 can all be 5um to simplify the process. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the widths of the first light adjustment part 601 and the fourth light adjustment part 604 can be greater than or equal to 4.54um, and the widths of the second light adjustment part 602 and the third light adjustment part 603 can be greater than or equal to 1.82um. This example can eliminate the yellowing phenomenon for a 60° viewing angle, and can significantly reduce the yellowing phenomenon at a 70° viewing angle and a 80° viewing angle.

[0135] In some exemplary embodiments, the distance from the light adjustment part to the corresponding sub-pixel is an initial value (e.g., 2um), and combined with equations 7 and 8, the maximum thickness and minimum width of the light adjustment part corresponding to the first sub-pixel, and the maximum thickness and minimum width of the light adjustment part corresponding to the second sub-pixel can be determined. Then, according to the adjustment factors of the brightness of the red light and green light on the left, the maximum thickness of the light adjustment part corresponding to the first sub-pixel, and the maximum thickness of the light adjustment part corresponding to the second sub-pixel, the thickness of the first light adjustment part 601 on the left side of the first sub-pixel and the thickness of the second light adjustment part 602 on the left side of the second sub-pixel can be determined. According to the minimum width of the light adjustment part corresponding to the first sub-pixel and the minimum width of the light adjustment part corresponding to the second sub-pixel, the width of the first light adjustment part 601 on the left side of the first sub-pixel and the width of the second light adjustment part 602 on the left side of the second sub-pixel can be determined. After determining the width and thickness of the first light adjustment section 601 and the second light adjustment section 602, the width and thickness of the fourth light adjustment section 604 on the right side of the first sub-pixel can be designed to be the same as the width and thickness of the first light adjustment section 601, respectively, and the width and thickness of the third light adjustment section 603 on the right side of the second sub-pixel can be designed to be the same as the width and thickness of the second light adjustment section 602, respectively. In this example, the attenuation degree of the red light on the right side is adjusted by adjusting the distance from the fourth light adjustment section 604 to the first sub-pixel, and the attenuation degree of the green light on the right side is adjusted by adjusting the distance from the third light adjustment section 603 to the second sub-pixel, so as to adjust the RGB brightness ratio on the right side to the optimal brightness ratio. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0136] In some exemplary embodiments, the sizes of the first light adjustment unit 601, the second light adjustment unit 602, the third light adjustment unit 603, and the fourth light adjustment unit 604 may be the same, wherein the cross-sectional shapes of the four light adjustment units may be the same, and may have the same width and the same thickness. In this example, the attenuation degree of the left red light can be adjusted by adjusting the distance from the first light adjustment unit 601 to the first sub-pixel, the attenuation degree of the right red light can be adjusted by adjusting the distance from the fourth light adjustment unit 604 to the first sub-pixel, the attenuation degree of the left green light can be adjusted by adjusting the distance from the second light adjustment unit 602 to the second sub-pixel, and the attenuation degree of the right filter can be adjusted by adjusting the distance from the third light adjustment unit 603 to the second sub-pixel, so as to adjust the right RGB brightness ratio and the left RGB brightness ratio to the optimal brightness ratio. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0137] Fig.11 The figure is a schematic diagram of brightness attenuation of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.11 (a) is a schematic diagram showing the brightness attenuation of a display substrate in which the first electrode is tilted and no light adjustment layer is provided. Fig.11 (b) shows Figure 8Schematic diagram of brightness attenuation of the display substrate shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown in (a), the highest point of the bright spot of the display substrate is at 4° in the negative direction, and the brightness decay is asymmetric, decaying faster in the positive direction. There are deviations in the brightness decay in both directions, with a deviation of about 12% at plus or minus 30° and about 10% at plus or minus 45°. Fig.11 As shown in (b), the display substrate of this exemplary embodiment can improve the brightness attenuation deviation in both positive and negative viewing angle directions by providing a light adjustment layer.

[0138] The display substrate provided in this exemplary embodiment can adjust the light intensity attenuation degree of both sides of the RGB sub-pixel as the viewing angle changes, thereby improving the color deviation of the viewing angle, by differentially designing the light adjustment parts on both sides of the first color filter unit and the second color filter unit.

[0139] The remaining structures of the display substrate of this exemplary embodiment can refer to the description of the above embodiments, so they are not described here in detail. The structure (or method) shown in this embodiment can be appropriately combined with the structures (or methods) shown in other embodiments.

[0140] Fig.12 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of the structure of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. In some exemplary embodiments, Fig.12 As shown, the second light adjustment part 602 and the fourth light adjustment part 604 between the first color filter unit 502a and the second color filter unit 502b can be an integral structure. The thickness of the integral structure of the fourth light adjustment part 604 and the second light adjustment part 602 on the side close to the first color filter unit 502a is greater than the thickness on the side close to the second color filter unit 502b. For example, the top surface of the second light adjustment part 602 is connected to the side close to the second color filter unit 502b by an inclined surface. Based on Figure 8 In the example of the embodiment shown, the thickness of the second light adjustment part 602 close to the first color filter unit 502a is about 0.87um, and the thickness of the second light adjustment part 602 close to the second color filter unit 502b is about 0.52um. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0141] The display substrate provided in this exemplary embodiment changes the light path by setting a light adjustment layer to adjust the light intensity of different colors of light entering the human eye at an oblique angle, readjust the RGB brightness ratio, and improve the color deviation of the viewing angle of the display substrate.

[0142] The remaining structures of the display substrate of this embodiment can refer to the description of the above embodiments, so they are not described here in detail. The structure (or method) shown in this embodiment can be appropriately combined with the structures (or methods) shown in other embodiments.

[0143] Figures 13 to 15 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional and cross-sectional structure of a light adjustment portion of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.13 (a) Fig.14 (a) and Fig.15 (a) is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the light adjustment unit. Fig.13 (b) Fig.14 (b) and Fig.15 (b) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the light adjustment unit. Fig.13 (a) Fig.14 (a) and Fig.15 As shown in (a), the light adjustment part can be a strip structure with different cross-sectional shapes. Fig.13 (a) and Fig.13 As shown in (b), the cross section of the light adjustment portion may be a trapezoid. Fig.14 (a) and Fig.14 As shown in (b), the cross section of the light adjustment portion may be triangular. Fig.15 (a) and Fig.15 (b) The cross section of the light adjustment portion may be in a shape having a rectangular bottom and an arc-shaped top surface. The top surface may be a convex surface. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the top surface of the light adjustment portion may be a concave surface.

[0144] In some exemplary embodiments, when the cross-sectional shape of the light adjustment portion is non-rectangular, refer to Fig. 7A and Figure 7B From the derivation process of the thickness and width, it can be known that the thickness of the light adjustment part can be less than or equal to h0, and the width of the light adjustment part can be greater than or equal to the critical width D. For example, Fig.13 As shown, the thickness of the light adjustment portion with a trapezoidal cross section can be less than or equal to h0, and the length of the upper base can be greater than or equal to the critical width D. Fig.14 As shown, the maximum thickness of the light adjustment portion with a triangular cross section can be less than or equal to h0, and the length of the lower base can be greater than the critical width D. Fig.15 As shown, the maximum thickness of the light adjustment portion having an arc-shaped top surface in cross section may be less than or equal to h0, and the minimum width may be greater than or equal to the critical width D. However, this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0145] Refer to the following Figure 8The structure of the display substrate of the embodiment of the present disclosure is explained by an example of the preparation process of the display substrate. The "patterning process" mentioned in the present disclosure includes processes such as depositing a film layer, coating a photoresist, mask exposure, development, etching and stripping the photoresist. Deposition can be carried out by any one or more selected from sputtering, evaporation and chemical vapor deposition, coating can be carried out by any one or more selected from spraying and spin coating, and etching can be carried out by any one or more selected from dry etching and wet etching. "Thin film" refers to a thin film made of a certain material on a substrate by a deposition or coating process. If the "thin film" does not require a patterning process during the entire production process, the "thin film" can also be called a "layer". When the "thin film" still requires a patterning process during the entire production process, it is called a "thin film" before the patterning process and a "layer" after the patterning process. The "layer" after the patterning process contains at least one "pattern".

[0146] The term "A and B are arranged in the same layer" in the present disclosure means that A and B are formed simultaneously by the same patterning process. "Same layer" does not always mean that the thickness of the layer or the height of the layer is the same in the cross-sectional view. "The projection of A includes the projection of B" means that the projection of B falls within the projection range of A, or the projection of A covers the projection of B.

[0147] In some exemplary embodiments, the preparation process of the display substrate of this embodiment may include the following steps (1) to (6). In this exemplary embodiment, a flexible display substrate with a top emission structure is taken as an example for description.

[0148] (1) Provide a substrate.

[0149] In some exemplary embodiments, the base substrate 101 may be a rigid substrate, such as a quartz substrate or a glass substrate, or may be a flexible substrate, such as an organic resin substrate. However, this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0150] (2) Prepare a driving structure layer on the substrate.

[0151] In some exemplary embodiments, the driving structure layer 102 includes a plurality of driving circuits, each of which includes a plurality of transistors and at least one storage capacitor, such as a 2T1C, 3T1C or 7T1C design. Figure 8 As shown, three sub-pixels are used as an example for illustration, and the pixel driving circuit of each sub-pixel is illustrated by only one transistor 211 and one storage capacitor 210 as an example.

[0152] In some exemplary embodiments, the manufacturing process of the driving structure layer 102 may refer to the following description: The manufacturing process of the pixel driving circuit of the first sub-pixel is taken as an example for description.

[0153] A first insulating film and a semiconductor film are sequentially deposited on the base substrate 101 , and the semiconductor film is patterned through a patterning process to form a first insulating layer 201 covering the entire base substrate 101 , and a semiconductor layer pattern is arranged on the first insulating layer 201 , wherein the semiconductor layer pattern includes at least an active layer of the transistor 211 .

[0154] Subsequently, a second insulating film and a first metal film are deposited in sequence, and the first metal film is patterned through a composition process to form a second insulating layer 202 covering the semiconductor layer pattern, and a first gate metal layer pattern arranged on the second insulating layer 202, wherein the first gate metal layer pattern includes at least a gate electrode of the transistor 211 and a first capacitor electrode of the storage capacitor 210.

[0155] Subsequently, a third insulating film and a second metal film are deposited in sequence, and the second metal film is patterned through a composition process to form a third insulating layer 203 covering the first gate metal layer, and a second gate metal layer pattern arranged on the third insulating layer 203, the second gate metal layer pattern at least includes a second capacitor electrode of the storage capacitor 210, and the position of the second capacitor electrode corresponds to the position of the first capacitor electrode.

[0156] Subsequently, a fourth insulating film is deposited and patterned through a patterning process to form a fourth insulating layer 204 pattern covering the second gate metal layer. At least two first via holes are opened on the fourth insulating layer 204. The fourth insulating layer 204, the third insulating layer 203 and the second insulating layer 202 in the two first via holes are etched away to expose the surface of the active layer.

[0157] Subsequently, a third metal film is deposited and patterned by a patterning process to form a source-drain metal layer pattern on the fourth insulating layer 204. The source-drain metal layer includes at least a source electrode and a drain electrode of the transistor 211. The source electrode and the drain electrode can be connected to the active layer through the first vias, respectively.

[0158] Subsequently, a fifth insulating film is coated on the base substrate 101 on which the aforementioned pattern is formed, to form a fifth insulating layer 205 covering the entire base substrate 101, and a plurality of second via holes are formed on the fifth insulating layer 205 through masking, exposure, and development processes. The fifth insulating layer 205 in the plurality of second via holes is developed away, exposing the surface of the drain electrode of the transistor 211 of the pixel driving circuit of the first sub-pixel, the surface of the drain electrode of the corresponding transistor of the pixel driving circuit of the second sub-pixel, and the surface of the drain electrode of the corresponding transistor of the pixel driving circuit of the third sub-pixel.

[0159] like Figure 8As shown, in the pixel driving circuit of the first sub-pixel, the active layer, the gate electrode, the source electrode and the drain electrode can form a transistor 211, and the first capacitor electrode and the second capacitor electrode can form a storage capacitor 210. In the above preparation process, the pixel driving circuit of the second sub-pixel and the pixel driving circuit of the third sub-pixel can be formed at the same time.

[0160] In some exemplary embodiments, the first insulating layer 201, the second insulating layer 202, the third insulating layer 203 and the fourth insulating layer 204 are made of any one or more of silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx) and silicon oxynitride (SiON), and can be a single layer, a multilayer or a composite layer. The first insulating layer 201 is called a buffer layer, which is used to improve the water and oxygen resistance of the substrate; the second insulating layer 202 and the third insulating layer 203 are called gate insulating (GI, Gate Insulator) layers; the fourth insulating layer 204 is called an interlayer insulating (ILD, Interlayer Dielectric) layer. The fifth insulating layer 205 can be made of organic materials such as polyimide, acrylic or polyethylene terephthalate. The fifth insulating layer 205 is called a planarization (PLN) layer. The first metal film, the second metal film and the third metal film are made of metal materials, such as any one or more of silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti) and molybdenum (Mo), or alloy materials of the above metals, such as aluminum neodymium alloy (AlNd) or molybdenum niobium alloy (MoNb), and can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer composite structure, such as Ti / Al / Ti, etc. The semiconductor film is made of one or more materials such as amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide material (a-IGZO), zinc oxynitride (ZnON), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), amorphous silicon (a-Si), polycrystalline silicon (p-Si), sexithiophene, polythiophene, etc., that is, the present disclosure is applicable to transistors manufactured based on oxide technology, silicon technology and organic technology.

[0161] (3) A light-emitting element is formed on the base substrate on which the above-mentioned pattern is formed.

[0162] In some exemplary embodiments, a conductive film is deposited on the substrate 101 having the aforementioned pattern, and the conductive film is patterned by a patterning process to form a first electrode layer pattern. The first electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes. In some examples, the first electrode is a reflective anode. Figure 8As shown, the first electrode 301a of the first sub-pixel is connected to the drain electrode of the transistor 211 through the second via hole, the first electrode 301b of the second sub-pixel is connected to the drain electrode of the corresponding transistor of the pixel driving circuit of the second sub-pixel through the second via hole, and the first electrode 301c of the third sub-pixel is connected to the drain electrode of the corresponding transistor of the pixel driving circuit of the third sub-pixel through the second via hole.

[0163] In some examples, the first electrode can be made of a metal material, such as any one or more of magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti) and molybdenum (Mo), or an alloy material of the above metals, such as aluminum-neodymium alloy (AlNd) or molybdenum-niobium alloy (MoNb). It can be a single-layer structure, or a multi-layer composite structure, such as Ti / Al / Ti, etc., or a stack structure formed by metal and transparent conductive material, such as reflective materials such as ITO / Ag / ITO, Mo / AlNd / ITO, etc.

[0164] In some exemplary embodiments, a pixel definition film is coated on the substrate 101 on which the aforementioned pattern is formed, and a pixel definition layer (PDL) pattern is formed through masking, exposure, and development processes. Figure 8 As shown, the pixel definition layer 302 of the display area includes a plurality of pixel definition layer openings, and the pixel definition layers within the plurality of pixel definition layer openings are developed to expose at least a portion of the surface of the first electrode 301a of the first sub-pixel, at least a portion of the surface of the first electrode 301b of the second sub-pixel, and at least a portion of the surface of the first electrode 301c of the third sub-pixel.

[0165] In some examples, the pixel definition layer 302 may be made of polyimide, acrylic, or polyethylene terephthalate.

[0166] In some exemplary embodiments, an organic material film is coated on the substrate 101 having the aforementioned pattern, and a spacer column pattern is formed through masking, exposure, and development processes. The spacer column can serve as a support layer configured to support a fine metal mask (FMM) during the evaporation process.

[0167] In some exemplary embodiments, an organic light-emitting layer and a second electrode are sequentially formed on the base substrate 101 on which the aforementioned pattern is formed. In some examples, the second electrode is a transparent cathode. The light-emitting element can emit light from the side away from the base substrate 101 through the transparent cathode to achieve top emission. In some examples, the organic light-emitting layer of the light-emitting element includes: a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light-emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.

[0168] In some exemplary embodiments, an open mask is used on the substrate 101 forming the aforementioned pattern to sequentially evaporate to form a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and an electron blocking layer. The thickness of the hole injection layer is about 0 to 20 nm, the thickness of the hole transport layer is about 70 nm to 200 nm, and the thickness of the electron blocking layer is about 10 nm to 70 nm. Then, FMM is used to sequentially evaporate to form light-emitting layers of different colors, such as a blue light-emitting layer, a green light-emitting layer, and a red light-emitting layer. In some examples, the thickness of the light-emitting layer is about 10 nm to 50 nm. Then, an open mask is used to sequentially evaporate to form a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer. The thickness of the hole blocking layer is about 0 to 20 nm, the thickness of the electron transport layer is about 10 nm to 50 nm, and the thickness of the resistance injection layer is about 0 to 5 nm. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0169] In some exemplary embodiments, the organic light emitting layer is formed in the sub-pixel region, and the organic light emitting layer is connected to the first electrode. The second electrode 304 is formed on the pixel definition layer 302 and connected to the organic light emitting layer.

[0170] In some exemplary embodiments, the second electrode may be any one or more of magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), or an alloy made of any one or more of the above metals, or a transparent conductive material, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), or a multilayer composite structure of a metal and a transparent conductive material. For example, the ratio of magnesium to silver in the second electrode may be about 1:9 to 8:2. The thickness of the second electrode may be about 5 nm to 30 nm. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0171] In some exemplary embodiments, a light coupling layer may be formed on the side of the second electrode 304 away from the base substrate 101, and the light coupling layer may be a common layer of multiple sub-pixels. The light coupling layer may cooperate with the transparent cathode to increase the light output. For example, the material of the light coupling layer may be a semiconductor material. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0172] (4) Forming a packaging layer on the base substrate having the aforementioned pattern.

[0173] In some exemplary embodiments, an encapsulation layer 104 is formed on the substrate substrate 101 on which the aforementioned pattern is formed, and the encapsulation layer 104 may include a first encapsulation layer, a second encapsulation layer, and a third encapsulation layer stacked. The first encapsulation layer is made of an inorganic material and covers the second electrode 304 in the display area. The second encapsulation layer is made of an organic material. The third encapsulation layer is made of an inorganic material and covers the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. In some examples, the encapsulation layer may have a five-layer structure of inorganic / organic / inorganic / organic / inorganic.

[0174] (5) On the base substrate formed with the aforementioned pattern, a black matrix, a light adjustment layer and a color filter unit are sequentially formed.

[0175] In some exemplary embodiments, a black pigment is coated on the surface of the encapsulation layer 104 or a black chrome (Cr) film is deposited, and the black pigment or the black chrome film is patterned by a patterning process to form a black matrix 501 on the encapsulation layer 104. The black matrix 501 has a plurality of openings, and the black matrix in the plurality of openings is removed to expose the opening areas of the plurality of sub-pixels. Subsequently, a light regulating material is coated on the surface of the black matrix 501, and a light regulating layer 106 is formed on the black matrix 501 by masking, exposure, and development processes. In some examples, the light regulating material may be a negative refractive index material, such as a photonic crystal material or a bi-medium negative refractive material. Subsequently, a plurality of first color filter units (e.g., red filter units), a plurality of second color filter units (e.g., green filter units), and a plurality of third color filter units (e.g., blue filter units) are sequentially formed. Taking the formation of a red filter unit as an example, a red resin is first coated on the encapsulation layer 104 on which the black matrix 501 and the light regulating layer 106 have been formed, and after baking and curing, a red filter unit is formed by exposure and development through a mask. The formation process of the green filter unit and the blue filter unit is similar, so it is not repeated here. In this exemplary embodiment, the light adjustment layer is formed before the color filter unit is formed, so that the preparation process of the light adjustment layer can avoid affecting the color filter unit.

[0176] (6) On the base substrate on which the aforementioned pattern is formed, a planarization layer 107 and a cover layer 108 are formed in sequence.

[0177] The display substrate provided by this exemplary embodiment adjusts the emission directions of light of different colors by forming a light adjustment layer on a black matrix, so as to improve the color deviation of the viewing angle of the display substrate.

[0178] The structure of the display substrate of the embodiment of the present disclosure and its preparation process are merely exemplary. In some exemplary embodiments, the corresponding structure can be changed and the patterning process can be increased or decreased according to actual needs. For example, the display substrate can be a display substrate of a bottom emission structure. For another example, the display structure layer can include two source and drain metal layers. For another example, after forming the black matrix, a color filter unit can be prepared first, and then a light adjustment layer can be formed. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0179] Fig.16 FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram of the structure of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.16As shown, in a plane perpendicular to the display substrate, the display substrate includes: a base substrate 101, a display structure layer sequentially arranged on the base substrate 101, an encapsulation layer 104, a light adjustment layer 106, a flat layer 107 and a polarizer 109. The display structure layer includes a driving structure layer 102 and a light emitting structure layer 103 sequentially arranged on the base substrate 101. In this exemplary embodiment, the light adjustment layer 106 is located on the encapsulation layer 104 and is configured to adjust the emission direction of different color lights emitted by the sub-pixel. The light adjustment layer 106 may include a plurality of light adjustment parts, for example, a first light adjustment part 601 to a fourth light adjustment part 604. In some examples, the first light adjustment part 601 and the fourth light adjustment part 604 are configured to adjust the emission direction of the red light emitted by the red sub-pixel, and the second light adjustment part 602 and the third light adjustment part 603 are configured to adjust the emission direction of the green light emitted by the green sub-pixel. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0180] The structure of the display substrate of this embodiment and the principle of adjusting the light emission direction of the light adjustment layer can refer to the description of the previous embodiment, so it is not repeated here. The structure (or method) shown in this embodiment can be appropriately combined with the structure (or method) shown in other embodiments.

[0181] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing a display substrate, which is used to prepare the display substrate as described in the above embodiment. The preparation method of this embodiment includes: forming a display structure layer on a base substrate; forming a light adjustment layer on the light exit side of the display structure layer. The display structure layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels. The orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the base substrate does not overlap with the opening area of ​​the plurality of sub-pixels; the light adjustment layer is configured to adjust the exit direction of at least one color of light emitted from the display structure layer.

[0182] The preparation method of this embodiment can refer to the description of the aforementioned embodiment, so it will not be described again here.

[0183] Fig.17 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.17 As shown, this embodiment provides a display device 91, including: a display substrate 910. The display substrate 910 is the display substrate provided in the above embodiment. In some examples, the display substrate 910 can be an OLED display substrate. The display device 91 can be: an OLED display device, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a laptop computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, a car display, a watch, a bracelet, or any other product or component with a display function. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0184] Fig.18 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a color filter substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.18As shown, in a plane perpendicular to the color filter substrate, the color filter substrate includes: a substrate 10, a color filter layer 11 and a light adjustment layer 16 disposed on the substrate 10, a flat layer 12 and a cover layer 13 located on the side of the light adjustment layer 16 away from the substrate 10. The color filter layer 11 includes a black matrix 21 and a plurality of periodically arranged color filter units, such as a first color filter unit 22a, a second color filter unit 22b and a third color filter unit 22c. The light adjustment layer 16 is disposed on the black matrix 21. The orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer 16 on the substrate 10 is located within the orthographic projection of the black matrix 21 on the substrate 10, and does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the color filter unit on the substrate 10. The light adjustment layer 16 is configured to adjust the emission direction of at least one color light emitted from the color filter layer 11. In some examples, the light adjustment layer 16 may include: a first light adjustment portion 601, a second light adjustment portion 602, a third light adjustment portion 603 and a fourth light adjustment portion 604. The first light adjustment unit 601 and the fourth light adjustment unit 604 are located on opposite sides of the first color filter unit 22a, and are configured to adjust the emission direction of the first color light emitted by the first color filter unit 22a. The second light adjustment unit 602 and the third light adjustment unit 603 are located on opposite sides of the second color filter unit 22b, and are configured to adjust the emission direction of the second color light emitted by the second color filter unit 22b. In some examples, the first color filter unit 22a is a red filter unit, the second color filter unit 22b is a green filter unit, and the third color filter unit 22c is a blue filter unit. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0185] The description of the light adjustment layer of this embodiment can refer to the description of the above embodiment, so it is not repeated here. The structure (or method) shown in this embodiment can be appropriately combined with the structure (or method) shown in other embodiments.

[0186] In some exemplary embodiments, the color filter substrate of this embodiment may be disposed on the light-emitting side of the OLED display substrate. Alternatively, the color filter substrate of this embodiment may be arranged in a box with the array substrate to form a display panel. However, this embodiment is not limited to this.

[0187] The color filter substrate provided in this embodiment can use the light adjustment layer to adjust the emission directions of light of different colors, thereby improving the color deviation of the display viewing angle.

[0188] The drawings in this disclosure only relate to the structures involved in this disclosure, and other structures may refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this disclosure and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0189] Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present disclosure may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and all should be included in the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A display substrate, comprising: A base substrate, a display structure layer disposed on the base substrate, and a light adjustment layer disposed on the light-emitting side of the display structure layer; The display structure layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels and a color filter layer located at the light-emitting side of the plurality of sub-pixels; the color filter layer includes a black matrix and a plurality of periodically arranged color filter units, the black matrix is ​​located between adjacent color filter units; the light adjustment layer is located on a side of the black matrix away from the base substrate; the light adjustment layer includes at least one light adjustment portion, the light adjustment portion is located on at least one side of at least one color filter unit; The orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the base substrate does not overlap with the opening areas of the plurality of sub-pixels; The light adjustment layer is configured to adjust the emission direction of at least one color of light emitted from the display structure layer; The brightness ratio of different color lights of the display substrate at a target viewing angle is adjusted by a first length of the light adjustment portion; the first length is a dimension of the light adjustment portion along a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the display substrate is located; The first length of the light adjustment portion is less than or equal to h0, h0=d0 / tanθ, wherein d0 is a vertical distance from the light adjustment portion to a center line of a corresponding sub-pixel, and θ is an oblique viewing angle.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The orthographic projection of the black matrix on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the base substrate.

3. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The brightness ratio of different color lights of the display substrate at the target viewing angle is also adjusted by the second length of the light adjustment part; The second length is a dimension of the light adjustment portion along a second direction, and the second direction is parallel to a plane where the display substrate is located and intersects with a center line of a sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment portion.

4. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein: The second length of the light adjustment portion is greater than or equal to the critical width D, ； Wherein, d0 is the vertical distance from the light adjustment part to the center line of the corresponding sub-pixel, θ is the oblique viewing angle, n1 is the refractive index of the first medium, and n2 is the refractive index of the light adjustment part.

5. The display substrate according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: The vertical distance d0 from the light adjustment part to the center line of the corresponding sub-pixel is a1 / 2+d, where a1 is the sub-pixel size corresponding to the light adjustment part, and d is the distance from the light adjustment part to the corresponding sub-pixel, wherein d is greater than 0 and less than the difference between the spacing between adjacent sub-pixels and the second length of the light adjustment part between the adjacent sub-pixels.

6. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: In a plane passing through a center line of a sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment portion and perpendicular to the base substrate, the cross-section of the light adjustment portion is rectangular, or a second length of a bottom portion of the light adjustment portion is greater than a second length of a top portion.

7. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The color filter layer comprises: a first color filter unit, a second color filter unit and a third color filter unit which are arranged periodically; The light adjustment layer includes at least one of the following: a first light adjustment portion located on a side of the first color filter unit away from the second color filter unit, a fourth light adjustment portion located on a side of the first color filter unit close to the second color filter unit, a second light adjustment portion located on a side of the second color filter unit close to the first color filter unit, and a third light adjustment portion located on a side of the second color filter unit close to the third color filter unit.

8. The display substrate according to claim 7, wherein: The second light adjustment part and the fourth light adjustment part are an integrated structure.

9. The display substrate according to claim 8, wherein: A second length of the integrated structure formed by the second light adjustment portion and the fourth light adjustment portion is greater than or equal to the largest of the critical width of the second light adjustment portion and the critical width of the fourth light adjustment portion; The second length is a dimension of the light adjustment portion along a second direction, and the second direction is parallel to a plane where the display substrate is located and intersects with a center line of a sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment portion.

10. The display substrate according to claim 7, wherein: The first color filter unit is a red filter unit, the second color filter unit is a green filter unit, and the third color filter unit is a blue filter unit; The first light adjustment unit and the fourth light adjustment unit are configured to adjust the emission direction of the first color light emitted from the first color filter unit; the second light adjustment unit and the third light adjustment unit are configured to adjust the emission direction of the second color light emitted from the second color filter unit; The first length of the first light adjustment part and the fourth light adjustment part is greater than or equal to the first length of the second light adjustment part, and greater than or equal to the first length of the third light adjustment part; the first length is the size of the light adjustment part along the first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the display substrate is located.

11. The display substrate according to claim 10, wherein: The first lengths of the first light adjustment portion and the fourth light adjustment portion are 0.7 micrometers to 1.2 micrometers, the first length of the second light adjustment portion is 0.1 micrometers to 0.5 micrometers, and the first length of the third light adjustment portion is 0.01 micrometers to 0.3 micrometers.

12. The display substrate according to claim 10, wherein: The second lengths of the first light adjustment portion, the second light adjustment portion, the third light adjustment portion, and the fourth light adjustment portion are substantially the same; The second length is a dimension of the light adjustment portion along a second direction, and the second direction is parallel to a plane where the display substrate is located and intersects with a center line of a sub-pixel corresponding to the light adjustment portion.

13. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the light adjustment layer is a negative refractive index material.

14. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The sub-pixel includes: a light-emitting element and a driving circuit for driving the light-emitting element to emit light; the light-emitting element includes: a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic light-emitting layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode is located on a side of the second electrode close to the base substrate; there is an inclination angle between the plane where the first electrode is located and the plane where the base substrate is located.

15. A display device comprising the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A method for preparing a display substrate, for preparing the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14, the method comprising: Forming a display structure layer on the base substrate, the display structure layer comprising a plurality of sub-pixels and a color filter layer located on the light-emitting side of the plurality of sub-pixels; The color filter layer includes a black matrix and a plurality of periodically arranged color filter units, wherein the black matrix is ​​located between adjacent color filter units; A light adjustment layer is formed on the light-emitting side of the display structure layer; the light adjustment layer is located on the side of the black matrix away from the base substrate, the light adjustment layer includes at least one light adjustment part, and the light adjustment part is located on at least one side of at least one color filter unit; the orthographic projection of the light adjustment layer on the base substrate does not overlap with the opening area of ​​the plurality of sub-pixels; the light adjustment layer is configured to adjust the emission direction of at least one color light emitted from the display structure layer; The brightness ratio of different color lights of the display substrate at a target viewing angle is adjusted by a first length of the light adjustment portion; the first length is a dimension of the light adjustment portion along a first direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the plane where the display substrate is located; The first length of the light adjustment portion is less than or equal to h0, h0=d0 / tanθ, wherein d0 is a vertical distance from the light adjustment portion to a center line of a corresponding sub-pixel, and θ is an oblique viewing angle.

Images