A fixture for positioning crankshaft holes

Abstract

The present invention discloses a clamp for positioning a crankshaft hole, comprising: a seat body, a first support rod, a second support rod, a positioning member and a movable member; the seat body comprises a first mounting channel, a second mounting channel and a third mounting channel; the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel are arranged in sequence along the second direction; the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel are respectively interconnected with the third mounting channel; the first support rod is movably mounted on the first mounting channel, and the second support rod is movably mounted on the second mounting channel; the movable member is movably mounted on the third mounting channel, and along the second direction, the movable member comprises a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface arranged in sequence; the extended end of the first support rod abuts the first inclined surface, and the extended end of the second support rod abuts the second inclined surface. The present invention utilizes the structure of a wedge block, the wedge block moves horizontally, so that the support block pushes the workpiece up and down, and the crankshaft hole is mainly positioned and fixed, thereby achieving the purpose of clamping the workpiece and clamping and loosening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of clamps, and more particularly to a clamp for positioning a crankshaft hole. Background Art

[0002] There are three key positions in the engine cylinder block: crankshaft hole, cylinder hole, and cylinder block fire surface. The geometric dimensional accuracy and position accuracy between the three are difficult to meet the design requirements, which will directly lead to increased wear of the crankshaft hole and cylinder hole of the engine cylinder block, reduced mechanical properties, and reduced life of the piston and crankshaft.

[0003] There are generally two positioning methods for existing production lines: one is to use two pins on one side of the bottom surface for positioning; the second is to use the crankshaft hole for positioning, using an expansion and contraction core shaft mechanism.

[0004] The first method uses a one-side two-pin method. The cylinder hole, crankshaft hole, and fire surface are processed in one sequence. The workpiece posture needs to be horizontal, that is, the intake side or exhaust side of the workpiece is down, and the clamping parts of the workpiece are mostly irregular intake surfaces or exhaust surfaces. Workpieces in this posture are not conducive to loading and unloading, and loading and unloading trolleys are required for pre-installation. Because the bottom surface and positioning holes are not critical dimensions, the accuracy is low, and if the three are not arranged for processing in the same sequence, there will be positioning and clamping errors, affecting the position accuracy of the three.

[0005] The second method uses the crankshaft hole for positioning, and adopts an expansion and contraction mandrel mechanism. This mechanism needs to be equipped with a centering mechanism. The workpiece is first centered, and then the positioning block is pushed into the crankshaft hole. After it is in place, it is expanded and then clamped using a lever cylinder or a rotary cylinder. This mechanism needs to be designed with a clamping part at the bottom edge or the intake and exhaust side. The expansion and contraction of the mandrel must be consistent, otherwise there will be differences in wear, resulting in positioning deviations.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a clamp for crankshaft hole positioning with high precision and stable clamping has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a clamp for positioning a crankshaft hole.

[0008] The present invention provides a clamp for positioning a crankshaft hole, comprising a seat body, a first support rod, a second support rod, a positioning member and a movable member; the seat body comprises a first mounting channel, a second mounting channel and a third mounting channel, the extension direction of the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel is a first direction, and the extension direction of the third mounting channel is a second direction; the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel are arranged in sequence along the second direction; the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel are respectively interconnected with the third mounting channel; the first support rod is movably mounted on the first mounting channel, and the second support rod is movably mounted on the second mounting channel; the movable member is movably mounted on the third mounting channel, and along the second direction, the movable member comprises a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface arranged in sequence; the extended end of the first support rod abuts against the first inclined surface, and the extended end of the second support rod abuts against the second inclined surface.

[0009] According to the above solution, further, the first support rod includes a first matching bevel, and the second support rod includes a second matching bevel; the first matching bevel abuts against the first bevel; and the second matching bevel abuts against the second bevel.

[0010] According to the above solution, further, the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane have the same inclination direction and inclination angle.

[0011] According to the above scheme, further, the movable part includes a first T-shaped slide groove and a second T-shaped slide groove, the first inclined surface is located in the first T-shaped slide groove, and the second inclined surface is located in the second T-shaped slide groove; the first support rod includes a first T-shaped slider, and the first mating inclined surface is located at the end of the first T-shaped slider; the second support rod includes a second T-shaped slider, and the second mating inclined surface is located at the end of the second T-shaped slider; the first T-shaped slider is slidably matched with the first T-shaped slide groove, and the second T-shaped slider is slidably matched with the second T-shaped slide groove.

[0012] According to the above solution, further, the outer circumferential surface of the first support rod is provided with a spiral groove, and / or the outer circumferential surface of the second support rod is provided with a spiral groove.

[0013] According to the above solution, the clamp further includes an oil cylinder, and when the telescopic rod of the oil cylinder is extended, the movable part is pushed toward the telescopic rod to move in the third installation channel along the extension direction of the telescopic rod.

[0014] According to the above scheme, the clamp also includes an elastic part, which is located in the third installation channel, and the oil cylinder, the movable part and the elastic part are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the telescopic rod; one end of the elastic part abuts the movable part, and the other end of the elastic part abuts the seat body; when the telescopic rod is extended, the elastic part stores energy.

[0015] According to the above scheme, the clamp also includes a guide column, which is connected to the movable part, and the guide column extends out of the seat body from the inside of the third installation channel. The cylinder, the movable part and the guide column are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the telescopic rod; the part of the guide column located outside the seat body is provided with a stop iron.

[0016] According to the above scheme, further, the clamp includes a cooling cleaning liquid channel and a cleaning nozzle, the cooling cleaning liquid channel is connected to the cleaning nozzle, and the two cleaning nozzles are respectively facing the end faces of the first support rod and the second support rod; and / or, the clamp includes an oil inlet channel and an oil return channel, the oil inlet channel is connected to the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel; the oil return channel is connected to the third mounting channel.

[0017] According to the above solution, air inlet passages are respectively provided in the first support rod and the second support rod, and air holes are respectively provided on the supporting surfaces of the first support rod and the second support rod, and the air holes are communicated with the air inlet passages.

[0018] According to the technical content disclosed in the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0019] 1. Use movable parts to push the support block up and down to achieve the clamping and loosening action of the fixture.

[0020] 2. With detection function to detect whether the clamping and loosening are reliable and in place.

[0021] 3. The two support rods are driven by the same active member, so the support forces provided by the two support rods are the same and the travel of the support rods is synchronized.

[0022] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0024] Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a fixture for positioning a crankshaft hole provided according to an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a movable part for positioning a crankshaft hole provided according to an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 A diagram showing the matching relationship between a first support rod and a movable member for positioning a crankshaft hole according to an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 The diagram is a schematic diagram of a coolant cleaning liquid system, an airtightness detection system and a lubrication system for crankshaft hole positioning according to an embodiment.

[0028] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-workpiece, 2-crankshaft hole positioning block, 3-detection support rod component, 31-first support rod, 32-second support rod, 4-cleaning mechanism, 5-support seat, 6-seat body, 7-cylinder, 8-movable part, 81-first inclined surface, 82-second inclined surface, 9-coil spring, 10-iron stop, 11-sensor, 12-cover plate, 13-guide column, 14-stop block, 15-top screw, 16-cleaning channel hole, 17-air tightness detection channel hole, 18-oil inlet channel hole, 19-lubricating oil return hole, 20-oil outlet channel, 21-oil inlet channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0030] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.

[0031] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

[0032] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0033] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a fixture for positioning a crankshaft hole, comprising a seat body 6, a first support rod 31, a second support rod 32, a positioning member and a movable member 8.

[0035] The seat body 6 includes a first mounting channel, a second mounting channel and a third mounting channel, the extension direction of the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel is a first direction, and the extension direction of the third mounting channel is a second direction; the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel are arranged in sequence along the second direction; the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel are respectively interconnected with the third mounting channel; the first direction of the present invention is a vertical direction, the second direction is a horizontal direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0036] The first support rod 31 is provided with a first T-shaped slider at the lower end, and the lower end surface of the first T-shaped slider is an inclined surface, which is inclined to the horizontal plane, and the inclined surface is the first matching inclined surface of this embodiment; the second support rod 32 is provided with a second T-shaped slider at the lower end, and the lower end surface of the second T-shaped slider is an inclined surface, which is inclined to the horizontal plane, and the inclined surface is the second matching inclined surface of this embodiment; the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 have the same shape, and the first T-shaped slider and the second T-shaped slider have the same shape and size. The outer peripheral surfaces of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 are provided with spiral grooves for exhaust and as a lubricating oil path.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the movable part 8 is cylindrical as a whole, and a spiral groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the movable part 8 for exhaust and as a lubricating oil path. The movable part 8 includes a first T-shaped slide groove and a second T-shaped slide groove, and the first T-shaped slide groove and the second T-shaped slide groove are sequentially arranged along the second direction. The first T-shaped slide groove includes a first inclined surface 81 arranged upward, and the second T-shaped slide groove includes a second inclined surface 82 arranged upward. The first inclined surface 81 and the second inclined surface 82 are two wedge surface structures sequentially arranged on the movable part 8, and the first inclined surface 81 and the second inclined surface 82 have the same inclination direction and inclination angle.

[0038] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 The first support rod 31 is movably mounted in the first mounting channel, and the second support rod 32 is movably mounted in the second mounting channel; the movable member 8 is movably mounted in the third mounting channel; the first T-shaped slider is slidably matched with the first T-shaped slot, and the second T-shaped slider is slidably matched with the second T-shaped slot. The first matching slope of the first support rod 31 abuts against the first slope 81, and the second matching slope of the second support rod 32 abuts against the second slope 82; when the movable member 8 moves to the left, the first slope 81 and the second slope move to the left in the third mounting channel, and the first slope 81 pushes the first support rod 31 to move upward in the vertical direction, and the second slope 82 pushes the second support rod 32 to move upward in the vertical direction. Similarly, when the movable member 8 moves to the right, the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 move downward in the vertical direction.

[0039] The lifting height of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 is H, the angle between the first inclined plane 81 and the second inclined plane 82 and the horizontal plane is a, and the stroke of the movable member 8 that can move left and right is L, H = tgA * L. In actual design, the angle and displacement L of the first inclined plane 81 and the second inclined plane 82 can be designed according to the required height.

[0040] The left end of the seat body 6 is installed with a cylinder 7 by bolts. The cylinder 7 can be extended and retracted in the third installation channel of the seat body 6. When extended, it contacts the left end of the movable part 8 and can push the movable part 8 to move to the right. There is a threaded hole on the right side of the movable part 8. The left side of the guide column 13 is connected by a thread and screwed into the threaded hole on the right side of the movable part 8. The top screw 15 is located in the countersunk hole on the side wall of the movable part 8. The countersunk hole is connected to the threaded hole on the right side of the movable part 8. The top screw 15 supports the guide column 13 to ensure that the guide column 13 and the movable part 8 can move synchronously. The movable part 8 and the guide column 13 are placed together in the inner cavity of the clamp seat body 6, and the inner cavity gap is matched, so that the movable part 8 can slide back and forth in the third installation channel of the seat body 6.

[0041] The stopper 14 is inserted from the right side of the guide column 13, and the right end surface of the movable part 8 is fitted with the stopper 14. Then the coil spring 9 is installed from the right side of the guide column 13, and the spring is restricted from moving to the right by the cover plate 12. The cover plate 12 is fixed to the right end surface of the seat body 6 by bolts. The spring 9 is an elastic member of this embodiment. The threaded structure on the right side of the guide column 13 is screwed into the stopper 10. After confirming the position of the stopper 10, the stopper 10 is welded in a fixed position. The two support seats 5 are respectively inserted into the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32. The bottom of the support seat 5 is fitted with the top surface of the seat body 6, and the support seat 5 is fixed to the seat body 6 by bolts.

[0042] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4 The clamp of the present invention also includes a cleaning mechanism 4, which is fixed to the base body 6 by bolts. The coolant cleaning liquid enters the cleaning mechanism 4 through the cleaning channel hole 16 of the base body 6. The cleaning liquid outlet hole is obliquely arranged on the cleaning mechanism 4. The coolant cleaning liquid is sprayed onto the end surfaces of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 through the cleaning liquid outlet hole for cleaning.

[0043] The first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 are also respectively provided with an air tightness detection system. Specifically, the gas used for air tightness detection enters the air hole of the support seat 5 through the air detection hole set on the seat body 6 and then enters the air tightness detection channel hole 17 of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32. The gas enters the air tightness detection channel of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 via the air tightness detection channel hole 17. The air tightness detection channel is connected with the air hole on the top end surface of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32. The workpiece 1 falls into the upper end surface of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32. The closer the workpiece 1 fits with the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32, the lower the leaked air pressure. The seat body 6 also includes an oil inlet channel 21 and an oil outlet channel 20. The lubricating oil enters the surface of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 through the oil inlet channel hole 18 of the seat body 6 for lubrication, and drips onto the surface of the movable part 8 through the spiral grooves and outer wall surfaces on the periphery of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 for lubrication, and then is discharged through the lubrication return oil hole 19 at the bottom of the seat body 6.

[0044] The positioning member is located at the upper end of the seat body 6. When the clamp performs the clamping action, the workpiece 1 is transported to the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32, and the crankshaft hole of the workpiece 1 is pushed into the crankshaft hole positioning block 2 of the positioning member (the pushing mechanism in the clamp is not drawn), and the positioning of the workpiece 1 is completed; the oil cylinder 7 moves to the left, and the spiral spring 9 in the compressed state pushes the movable member 8 to the left, so that the first inclined surface 81 and the second inclined surface 82 also move to the left; the movable member 8 moves to the left, and the first inclined surface 81 and the second inclined surface 82 become at the connection point between the first installation channel and the second installation channel and the third installation channel respectively. High, because the movable part 8 has a T-slot, the bottoms of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 move relatively along the T-slot, pushing up the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 to move upward, and because the crankshaft hole positioning block 2 is fixed in position, the inner wall of the crankshaft hole of the workpiece 1 and the crankshaft hole positioning block 2 are pressed tightly, so that the workpiece is in a clamped state; the compressed coil spring 9 pushes the movable part 8 to the left and pushes the stop iron 10 to move to the left at the same time. When the workpiece is in a clamped state, the clamping detection sensor where the sensor 11 at the position of the stop iron 10 is located detects a signal, indicating that the clamping action of the fixture is completed.

[0045] When the clamp is released, the cylinder 7 moves to the right, pushing the movable part 8, causing the movable part 8 to also move to the right. At the connection points between the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel and the third mounting channel respectively, the first inclined surface 81 and the second inclined surface 82 become lower, and the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 move downward, and the workpiece 1 is in a released state; the cylinder 7 pushes the movable part 8 to the right, and the coil spring 9 is compressed, driving the stop iron 10 to move to the right until the release detection sensor where the sensor 11 is located detects a signal, indicating that the clamp release action is completed.

[0046] The cleaning mechanism 4 has a cutting fluid hole therein, which can clean the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 before the fixture falls in, to prevent chips from sticking and affecting the height difference of the workpiece and the stroke that the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 should move up and down.

[0047] The airtightness detection holes of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 are used to detect whether the support rod component 3 and the workpiece 1 are in contact with each other, and whether the workpiece 1 is tilted and in place.

[0048] The seat body 6 is provided with a lubricating oil hole and an oil return hole to meet the lubrication function of the movable parts 8 of the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32, thereby ensuring smooth and reliable movement.

[0049] In summary, the movable part is used to push the support block up and down to achieve the clamping and loosening action of the clamp. It has a detection function to detect whether the clamping and loosening are reliable and in place. The two support rods are driven by the same active part, so the supporting force provided by the two support rods is the same and the support rod stroke is synchronized. The cleaning mechanism 4 can clean the first support rod 31 and the second support rod 32 before the clamp falls in to prevent the adhesion of chips. The airtightness detection hole can detect whether the support rod component 3 and the workpiece 1 are in contact, and whether the workpiece 1 is tilted and in place.

[0050] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fixture for positioning a crankshaft hole, characterized in that: include: A seat body, a first support rod, a second support rod, a positioning member and a movable member; The seat body comprises a first mounting channel, a second mounting channel and a third mounting channel, the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel extend in a first direction, and the third mounting channel extends in a second direction; the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel are sequentially arranged along the second direction; the first mounting channel and the second mounting channel are respectively connected to the third mounting channel; The first support rod is movably installed in the first installation channel, and the second support rod is movably installed in the second installation channel; The movable member is movably mounted on the third mounting channel, and along the second direction, the movable member includes a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface which are sequentially arranged; The extended end of the first support rod abuts against the first inclined surface, and the extended end of the second support rod abuts against the second inclined surface; The movable member comprises a first T-shaped slide groove and a second T-shaped slide groove, the first inclined surface is located in the first T-shaped slide groove, and the second inclined surface is located in the second T-shaped slide groove; The first support rod includes a first T-shaped slider, and the first matching inclined surface is located at the end of the first T-shaped slider; The second support rod includes a second T-shaped slider, and the second matching inclined surface is located at the end of the second T-shaped slider; The first T-shaped sliding block is slidably matched with the first T-shaped sliding groove, and the second T-shaped sliding block is slidably matched with the second T-shaped sliding groove; The outer circumferences of the first support rod and the second support rod are provided with spiral grooves for exhaust and as lubricating oil passages; The outer peripheral surface of the moving part is provided with a spiral groove for exhaust and as a lubricating oil path; The seat body also includes an oil inlet channel and an oil outlet channel. The lubricating oil enters the surface of the first support rod and the second support rod through the oil inlet channel hole of the seat body for lubrication, and drips onto the surface of the movable part through the spiral grooves and outer wall surfaces on the outer periphery of the first support rod and the second support rod for lubrication, and then is discharged through the lubrication return oil hole at the bottom of the seat body.

2. The fixture for crankshaft hole positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support rod comprises a first matching inclined surface, and the second support rod comprises a second matching inclined surface; The first matching inclined surface abuts against the first inclined surface; The second mating inclined surface abuts against the second inclined surface.

3. The fixture for crankshaft hole positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface have the same inclination direction and inclination angle.

4. The fixture for crankshaft hole positioning according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the first support rod is provided with a spiral groove, and / or the outer circumference of the second support rod is provided with a spiral groove.

5. The fixture for crankshaft hole positioning according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The clamp further comprises an oil cylinder, and when the telescopic rod of the oil cylinder is extended, the movable member is pushed toward the telescopic rod to move in the third installation channel along the extension direction of the telescopic rod.

6. The fixture for crankshaft hole positioning according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamp also includes an elastic member, which is located in the third installation channel. The oil cylinder, the movable member and the elastic member are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the telescopic rod; one end of the elastic member abuts the movable member, and the other end of the elastic member abuts the seat body; when the telescopic rod is extended, the elastic member stores energy.

7. The fixture for crankshaft hole positioning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamp also includes a guide column, which is connected to the movable part and extends out of the seat body from the inside of the third installation channel. The oil cylinder, the movable part and the guide column are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the telescopic rod; the part of the guide column located outside the seat body is provided with a stop iron.

8. The fixture for locating crankshaft holes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The fixture comprises a cooling cleaning liquid channel and a cleaning nozzle, the cooling cleaning liquid channel is connected to the cleaning nozzle, and the two cleaning nozzles are respectively facing the end surfaces of the first support rod and the second support rod; And / or, the clamp includes an oil inlet channel and an oil return channel, the oil inlet channel is connected to the first installation channel and the second installation channel; the oil return channel is connected to the third installation channel.

9. The fixture for crankshaft hole positioning according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first support rod and the second support rod are respectively provided with air inlet passages, and the support surfaces of the first support rod and the second support rod are respectively provided with air holes, and the air holes are communicated with the air inlet passages.

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