Drive components

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drive element (8) having an internal drive profile (9) that defines a profile axis (P). I ), and has a plurality of concave driving surfaces (6) on its inner side, the plurality of concave driving surfaces (6) surrounding the contour axis (P) I The driving elements (8) are arranged in a regular distribution, with planar or convex curved transition surfaces (7a) provided between multiple concave driving surfaces (6); or, the driving elements (8) have an external driving profile (9) that defines a profile axis (P). A ), and has a plurality of concave driving surfaces (10) on its exterior, the plurality of concave driving surfaces (10) surrounding the profile axis (P) A The surfaces are arranged in a regular distribution pattern, with planar or convex curved transition surfaces (7a) provided between multiple concave driving surfaces (10).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a drive element, which has an internal drive profile, in particular at one end of a shaft, which defines a profile axis and has a plurality of concave drive surfaces on its inner side, which are uniformly distributed around the profile axis and between which there are flat or convexly curved transition surfaces; or which has an external drive profile, which defines a profile axis and has a plurality of concave drive surfaces on its outer side, which are uniformly distributed around the profile axis and have flat or convexly curved transition surfaces between them, wherein

[0002] In cross section, the transition points or transitions between the drive surfaces and the transition surfaces lie on a common inner circle with an inner diameter D i , and

[0003] The drive surfaces lie on an outer circle with a diameter D a , which is uniformly distributed around the profile axis and is formed symmetrically with respect to a plane around the longitudinal center of the profile axis.

[0004] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for connecting two components, in particular a screw and a driver, in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein one component is designed as a drive element with an external drive profile and the other component is designed as a drive element with an internal drive profile, wherein the drive profile axes of the two components are inserted axially into one another in order to produce a rotationally fixed connection between the two components. BACKGROUND

[0005] Various designs of screws and drivers are known from the prior art. Screws comprise a screw shaft with an external thread, which is provided at its upper end region with a drive profile for coupling with a driver, which is usually formed on the screw head. The driver is formed, for example, in the form of a ring or open spanner, or comprises interchangeable bits connected to the drive by a bit holder, for example in the form of a handle or cordless screwdriver. Alternatively, the bit holder can be connected to a screwdriver handle or angle handle, ratchet, torque wrench, cordless screwdriver or ratchet screwdriver by means of an adapter for backup.

[0006] Screws and drivers are used to transmit torque from the driver to the screw, the driving profiles of which are designed to be complementary to each other. To this end, one of the two components has an external driving profile at one of its free ends, which has an external driving surface, while the other component has an internal driving profile at one of its free ends, which has an internal driving surface, complementary to the external driving profile. The driving profiles are, for example, in the form of an internal hexagon, an external hexagon, a Torx profile and a cross- slot profile or a slot profile. After coupling the internal driving profile to the external driving profile, the driving profiles contact each other with a gap. This means that the driving profiles can unintentionally come apart from each other and the driving profiles cannot be axially aligned with each other either. In order to simplify the operation when screwing in and unscrewing a screw using a driver, a driver is provided which is equipped with a magnet or a ferromagnetic driver which can be magnetized with a magnet. However, this is associated with additional costs. Furthermore, by using a magnetic driver, coaxial alignment of the driving profiles cannot be achieved either. However, in order to be able to integrate a bolted joint into an automated manufacturing process, such a coaxial alignment is necessary.

[0007] In order to solve this problem, DE 102005011734 A1 is known, the driving surface of a driver for screwing in and unscrewing so-called internal torx screws is inclined at an acute angle to the profile axis, so that when the driving profile of the driver and the screw are axially assembled together, a tight fit results, so that no additional securing means are necessary to screw the screw into the thread. Similarly, from WO 2013 / 062895 A1 and US 2010 / 0269644 A1 it is known to form the driving surfaces of the screw and the driver to be inclined in order to create a tight fit between the components.

[0008] A recurring problem when screwing in and unscrewing screws is that the driving profiles can be damaged if the torque required to screw in / unscrew the screw is too high, in particular in the region of the edges.

[0009] In order to solve this problem, WO 2019 / 238250 A1 proposes a driving system with a screw and a driver, the driving profiles of which are conical. Furthermore, the external driving profile has a concave, i.e. inwardly curved driving surface, which is shaped as a circular segment towards the profile axis, and the internal driving profile has a driving surface complementary thereto. This arrangement makes it so that when engaged, the driving surfaces of the two components contact / engage on both sides of the apex of the concave curvature when viewed in the circumferential direction.

[0010] In addition to the positive and torsional rigid connection, this design can also produce a frictional or clamping connection between the screw and the tool, by which the components can be connected axially and coaxially aligned with one another. Furthermore, the forces or torques are transmitted only via two-dimensional contact, which occurs in the driving surfaces that are curved on both sides of the vertex, while there is no contact in the transition area / transition surface between the driving surfaces. In this way, damage to the edge or peripheral regions of the driving surfaces can be completely avoided. SUMMARY

[0011] The object of the present application is to further optimize the above-mentioned drive system, in particular to achieve high torque transmission and a large number of load cycles.

[0012] The solution to the object of the present application for a drive element of the above-mentioned type is to select the outer diameter Daand the center distance L between the inner ring center and the outer ring center as a function of the inner diameter Di, such that when a torque M D is introduced into the drive profile, in each case the normal force acting at the transition point between one driving surface and the adjacent transition surface runs tangentially to or within the driving surface adjacent to it. In other words, the normal force is directed to the central region of the drive profile, which is located between the adjacent driving surfaces and the profile axis.

[0013] The object of the present application is therefore solved by a method for connecting two components of the above-mentioned type in a rotationally fixed manner, in particular the connection of a screw and a tool, wherein the components are designed as drive elements according to the present application and the drive profiles of the drive elements are selected to be complementary to each other, such that when the drive profiles are axially plugged together, the driving surfaces of the components contact each other in a two-dimensional manner, thereby producing a frictional and / or clamping connection between the components, by which the components are axially connected to each other.

[0014] It has been shown that the best results in terms of the number of load cycles that can be achieved and the torque that can be transmitted are achieved if the normal forces that arise during the transmission of the torque at the driving surfaces are directed to the core of the drive profile and thus the region between the convexly curved driving surfaces is not or hardly loaded with normal forces due to bending and / or shear forces. According to the present application, this is achieved by matching the outer diameter Da, the inner diameter Diand the center distance L. The normal force is understood to be the part of the lever force introduced into the drive profile that produces a torque perpendicular to the respective circular segment-shaped driving surface and thus through its center.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present application, the center distance L is calculated according to the formula L = F(L, D i ) D i , wherein F(L, D i ) = 0.494e (0.605K)Herein, the operation ratio K = D a / D i Should be between 0.3 and 2.0.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the application, the inner drive profile is provided with a drive surface which is inclined with respect to the profile axis, whereby it approaches the profile axis from the insertion opening of the inner drive profile towards the rear end of the inner drive profile. A preferred embodiment of this embodiment is characterized in that the drive surface of the inner drive profile is inclined with respect to the profile axis by an inclination angle a I of at least 1°, in particular of at least 1.5°, and / or the drive surface of the inner drive profile is inclined with respect to the profile axis by an inclination angle a I of at most 5°, in particular of at most 3.5° and preferably of at most 3°, the inclination angle a Ⅰ is preferably 2° ± 0.2° or 3° ± 0.2°.

[0017] In another embodiment of this embodiment, a transition surface can be provided which is inclined with respect to the profile axis and which approaches the profile axis from the insertion opening of the inner drive profile towards the rear end of the inner drive profile. An embodiment of this embodiment is characterized in that the transition surface is inclined with respect to the profile axis by an inclination angle β I of at least 1°, in particular of at least 1.5°, and / or the transition surface of the inner drive profile is inclined with respect to the profile axis by an inclination angle β I of at most 5°, in particular of at most 3.5° and preferably of at most 3°, the inclination angle β Ⅰ is preferably 2° ± 0.2° or 3° ± 0.2°. In a preferred manner, the inclination angle a I of the drive surface with respect to the profile axis is the same as the inclination angle β I of the transition surface with respect to the profile axis.

[0018] In other words, the inner drive profile is designed to taper conically from its insertion opening.

[0019] Likewise, the drive surface of the outer drive profile of the drive element according to the application can be inclined with respect to the profile axis, whereby it approaches the profile axis towards the insertion end of the outer drive profile. Herein, it is advantageous if the drive surface is inclined with respect to the profile axis by an inclination angle a A of at least 0.5°, in particular of at least 1° and / or of at most 1.5°, the inclination angle a A is preferably 1.15° ± 0.2°.

[0020] In this case, the transition surface can run parallel to the profile axis. However, according to one embodiment of the application, it is provided that the transition surface is inclined with respect to the profile axis by an inclination angle β Ainclination.

[0021] In another embodiment of the present embodiment, the inclination β of the transition surface with respect to the profile axis is specified to be smaller than the inclination α of the drive surface with respect to the profile axis A A where the inclination α is greater than the inclination β by a factor of ≥ 2, in particular ≥ 2.5, preferably 2.8 ± 0.2. A A where the inclination α is greater than the inclination β by a factor of ≥ 2, in particular ≥ 2.5, preferably 2.8 ± 0.2.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, the outer diameter Da is constant over the axial length of the drive profile. It should be considered here that in the case of a conically converging drive profile, the drive surface can be manufactured in different ways. On the one hand, a cylindrical tool can be used, which is then adjusted according to the desired taper angle. In this case, the drive surface has a pure circular shape in the plane perpendicular to the respective flank angle of the tapered drive profile, while the pure circular shape is slightly elliptically distorted in the cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the profile axis. Similar distortions can occur in other manufacturing processes. Such deviations are to be regarded as manufacturing tolerances.

[0023] Similarly, the inner diameter D i may be constant over the axial length of the drive profile, or, in the case of an inner drive profile, the inner diameter D i continues to increase in the direction of the insertion opening, while in the case of an outer drive profile, the inner diameter D i increases from its insertion end. In the latter case, the required conditions and thus the required normal force must be present at the tapered end of the outer drive profile, preferably over its entire effective length.

[0024] As with a screw head as usual, the drive profile preferably has five or six drive surfaces. However, a different number is also possible.

[0025] In a preferred manner, the drive element is a screw, and the drive profile is formed on the screw head. Likewise, the drive element can be a drill head.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the present application, it is provided that the drive profiles of the two components have drive surfaces inclined to the profile axis, and the drive profiles of the components are selected to be complementary to each other, such that the drive surfaces of the components come into two-dimensional contact with each other when the drive profiles are inserted axially into each other, thereby producing a frictional and / or clamping connection between the components, by means of which the components are axially connected to each other.

[0027] ​​In the method according to the application, the pair of components connected in a rotationally fixed manner are distributed to each other in the form of a kit, which components fit together and are designed to correspond to each other. In one embodiment of the application, the two components are chosen such that the drive profiles of the two components have drive surfaces which are inclined to their respective profile axes. In a preferred embodiment, the drive surfaces of the inner drive profile are prescribed to be inclined to the profile axis at an angle a i which is greater than the angle a A at which the drive surfaces of the outer drive profile are inclined to the profile axis. i It can be prescribed that the angle a A of the drive surfaces of the inner drive profile to the profile axis is 3° ± 0.2° and the angle a i of the drive surfaces of the outer drive profile to the profile axis is 1.15° ± 0.15° or, alternatively, the angle a A of the drive surfaces of the inner drive profile to the profile axis is 2° ± 0.2° and the angle a i of the drive surfaces of the outer drive profile to the profile axis is 1.15° ± 0.15°. This design ensures that the drive profiles engage at their tapered ends, but have a small gap towards the thicker end. It has been shown that this ensures a secure connection even under force loads transverse to the profile axis.

[0028] Likewise, it can be prescribed that the transition surfaces of the drive profiles of the two components are inclined to the respective profile axis, wherein the angle b i of the transition surfaces of the inner drive profile to the profile axis is greater than the angle b i of the transition surfaces of the outer drive profile to the profile axis, with the ratio of the angles b i being ≥ 5, in particular ≥ 6, preferably ≥ 7.5.

[0029] According to a further embodiment of the method according to the application, it can be prescribed that the outer diameter of the inner drive profile of the drive element used is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer drive profile, in particular 1.5-3% smaller, preferably 2% smaller.

[0030] It has been shown that the slight dimensions in the outer drive profile can compensate for wear phenomena on the cutting inserts in the manufacture of the drive surfaces.

[0031] In a further embodiment of the present embodiment, it can be prescribed that the drive surfaces of the two components are in two-dimensional contact with each other over at least 25%, in particular at least 40%, preferably at least 60% of their extent in the circumferential direction.

[0032] Preferably, the two components are in contact at each contact surface on both sides of their longitudinal centre plane. Likewise, the drive profiles can be designed such that they do not contact in the region of the transition surfaces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Further features and advantages of the present application will be explained with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the following shows:

[0034] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of a screw with an internal drive profile.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of a drive element in the form of a auger drill bit having an external drive profile according to the invention, which corresponds to the... Figure 1 The drive profile of the screw,

[0036] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the engagement between the screw drill bit and the screw is shown, illustrating the inclination angle α of the driving surface.

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of the details in the X section.

[0038] Figure 5 The joint is schematically shown in another cross-sectional view, and the inclination angle β of the transition surface is shown.

[0039] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of the middle unit Z,

[0040] Figure 7 The geometry and force path of the external drive profile of the drive element according to the present invention are shown.

[0041] Figure 8 This is an example of a drive profile with dimensions on the outside according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Figure 1 An example of a drive element in the form of a screw 1 is shown. The screw 1 includes a shaft 2 with external threads 3 defining the longitudinal axis of the screw 1. A screw head 4 is disposed at the upper end of the shaft 2, which has an internal drive profile 5 opening towards the upper side of the screw head 4, and an internal drive surface 6 defining a profile shaft P coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the screw 1. I Therefore, the upper side of the opening forms an insertion opening 5a for the drive profile 5 inside the screw drill bit.

[0043] In a cross-sectional or plan view, the internal driving profile 5 has a basic hexagonal shape, with its sides forming a driving surface 6, which is relative to the profile axis P. A Or the longitudinal axis of screw 1 is tilted at an angle α of 2°. I The inclination causes it to approach the profile axis P from the insertion opening 5a of the inner drive profile 5 toward the rear end of the inner drive profile 5. AIn other words, the drive profile 5 tapers gradually within the screw head 4. For small screws, the inclination angle α... I It can also be 3°.

[0044] The driving surface 6 of the internal driving profile 5 has a concave cross-section, that is, it faces the profile axis P. I It bends inward. Specifically, the cross-section of the concave driving surface 6 is all circular arc segment shape, so the radius of the driving surface 6 is constant over its entire axial length.

[0045] The driving surfaces 6 are connected to each other at their six corners via transition regions or transition surfaces 7, which are convexly curved and have an arc shape, thus projecting outwards in a beam-like manner. The transition between the transition regions 7 and the driving surfaces 6 is continuous. The transition surfaces 7 are positioned relative to the contour axis P. I They are tilted, so that they approach the profile axis P from the insertion opening 5a of the inner drive profile 5 toward the rear end of the inner drive profile. I In this case, the transition surface 7 is relative to the profile axis P. I Inclination angle β I The angle α between the driving surface and the profile axis P1 I They are the same size, so in the illustrated embodiment it is 2°.

[0046] exist Figure 2 The image shows a drive element / tool ​​8 in the form of a screw drill bit, designed for operation. Figure 1 The screw 1 is shown. The cutting tool 8 has an external drive profile 9, the lower end of which is mounted on the shaft of a screw drill bit (not shown), and is designed to correspond to the drive profile 5 of the screw 1, thereby defining the profile axis P. A Correspondingly, the outer drive profile 9 also has a basic hexagonal shape in cross-section, wherein the drive surface 10 of the drive profile 9 is concave, i.e., along the profile axis P. A The direction of bending is consistent with the contour axis P. A It forms a certain angle. Specifically, the driving surface 10 of the screw drill bit is relative to the contour axis P. A At an angle α of 1.15° A Inclined, thus they are directed toward the free insertion end of the external drive profile 9 ( Figure 2 The upper part of the middle) is close to the contour axis P. A The outer drive profile 9 is inserted into the inner drive profile 5 of the screw 1 via the free insertion end. Therefore, the drive surface 10 of the screw drill bit is slightly steeper than the drive surface 9 of the screw (see...). Figure 3 and Figure 4 The drive surface 10 has a cross-section in the shape of an arc segment, the radius of which is constant along the axial length and is the same as the radius of curvature of the drive surface 6 of the screw 1.

[0047] The drive surfaces 10 are continuously connected to each other by raised transition areas or transition surfaces 7a, which are also conical and have a circular-arc shape.

[0048] As with the inner drive profile 5, the transition surfaces 7a of the outer drive profile 9 are inclined relative to the profile axis P A towards the insertion end of the outer drive profile 9 towards the profile axis P A . Thus, the transition surfaces 7a are inclined relative to the profile axis P A at an angle β A of 0.4°. This means that the angle β A of inclination of the transition surfaces 7a relative to the profile axis P A is significantly smaller than the angle α A of inclination of the drive surfaces 10 relative to the profile axis P A , wherein the ratio of the angles α A / β A is almost 3. Furthermore, the angle β A of inclination of the transition surfaces 7a of the outer drive profile 9 relative to the profile axis P I is significantly smaller than the angle β I of inclination of the transition surfaces of the inner drive profile relative to the profile axis P A (see Figure 5 and Figure 6 ). In this case, the ratio of the angles β I / β A is 7.5. This arrangement makes it possible for the transition areas of the screw 1 and the corresponding screw drill 8 not to come into contact with each other. Thus, the radius of curvature of the transition areas 7a in the drill 8 is greater than the radius of curvature of the transition areas 7 in the screw 1.

[0049] In other words, the arrangement should ensure that the two-dimensional contact / engagement between the drive profiles 5, 9 only takes place in the region of the drive surfaces 6, 10 and not in the intermediate transition areas 7, 7a, and the contact zone runs on both sides of the apex of the concave drive surfaces 6, 10, viewed in the circumferential direction, in each case. In the engaged state, there needs to be two-dimensional contact between the drive surfaces 6, 10 of the two components 1, 8 in order for the two components 1, 8 to be precisely coaxially aligned with each other when the two components 5, 9 are axially engaged, until a clamping connection is created between the two components 1, 8 as a result of the tapering of the drive profiles 5, 9 of the drive surfaces 6, 10. Furthermore, the two-dimensional contact creates a frictional connection by means of which high torques can be transmitted.

[0050] Figure 7 The geometry of the outer drive profile 5 of the drill 8 at its free conical end is shown in accordance with the application.

[0051] As can be seen, transition surface 7 lies on a common circle (inner circle) with an inner diameter of Da. However, transition surface 7 does not necessarily have a continuous arc shape, but can be, for example, flat. Importantly, the transition point between driving surface 6 and the adjacent transition surface 7 (indicated here by arrow P1) lies on the common inner circle.

[0052] It is also shown that the driving surface 6 is located around the profile axis P A Uniformly distributed on the outer circle of diameter Da, and relative to it around the contour axis P A The plane at the longitudinal center is formed symmetrically.

[0053] Select outer diameter D a The center distance L between the center points of the inner and outer circles is the inner diameter D. i The function such that when around the contour axis P A torque M D When introduced into the drive profile 5, the normal force acting at the transition point between the drive surface 6 and the adjacent transition surface 7 is tangentially applied to the drive surface 6 adjacent to the drive surface. Normal force F N1 Represented as Figure 7 An example of the transition point P1 between the upper contact surface 6 and the transition surface 7 adjacent to the left side.

[0054] To generate the required torque M D A lever force F must be applied at point P1. H1 This can be divided into normal force F. N1 and tangential force F T1 The normal force F N1 The tangential force F is perpendicular to the outer circle of the driving surface 6 and passes through its center. T1 Perpendicular to the outer circle. For example... Figure 3 As shown, this arrangement makes the normal force F N1 Tangent to the driving surface 6, which is located near the upper driving surface 6 to its left. According to the invention, the normal force F N1 Alternatively, the normal force F can be drawn. N1 and contour axis P A Running between, such as Figure 3 The dashed arrow F in the middle NB As shown in the example. Crucially, the normal force F... N1 Introducing the central region of the drive profile 9 or component 8, which is designed as a screw drill bit, the beam-shaped transition region 7 between the drive surfaces 6 is not or is hardly affected by bending or shearing.

[0055] For a given inner diameter D i Outer diameter D aand the center distance L between the inner and outer circle centers can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0056] L = F(L, D i ) D i

[0057] The operating ratio K = Da / D i may be chosen and should be between 0.3 and 2.0.

[0058] An example of the calculation is shown in Figure 8 The parameters are chosen as follows:

[0059] - D i = 5.6 mm

[0060] - K = 0.8 (freely chosen within the above range)

[0061] - D a is calculated by D a = D i K = 5.6 0.8 = 4.48

[0062] - L is calculated by F(L, D i ) = 0.494e (0.605K) = 0.494e (0.605 0,8) = 0.8479

[0063] - L = F(L, D i ) D i = 0.8479 5.6 = 4.748.

[0064] From these parameters, the geometry shown in Figure 4 can be constructed.

[0065] The geometry of the inner drive profile 5 is chosen accordingly, with the condition that the outer diameter D of the outer drive profile is about 2% smaller than the diameter of the matching inner profile 5. This takes into account the fact that when the drive surface is made of a cutting insert, it is subject to a certain amount of wear, which is greatest in the central region of the drive surface, since this is where the most material has to be removed by the cutting insert. As the wear increases, less and less material is removed in the central region of the drive surface, so that a minimum curvature is formed here to compensate for the undersize.

[0066] It is noted that the inclination angle a of the drive surface and the inclination angle β of the transition surface are both measured in the circumferential direction about the respective surface. Thus, the angles are measured in the central plane of the respective surface, which intersects the profile axis of the respective drive profile.

[0067] Reference signs

[0068] 1 screw

[0069] 2 shaft

[0070] 3 external thread

[0071] 4 screw head

[0072] 5 internal driving profile

[0073] 5a insertion opening

[0074] 6 driving surface

[0075] 7 transition area

[0076] 7a transition area

[0077] 8 driving element / bit / drill

[0078] 9 external driving profile

[0079] 10 driving surface

[0080] D a outer diameter

[0081] L center distance

[0082] M D torque

[0083] P I profile axis

[0084] P A profile axis

Claims

1. A drive element (8) comprising: an inner drive profile (5) defining a profile axis (P I ) and having a plurality of concave drive surfaces (6) on its inner side, the plurality of concave drive surfaces (6) being uniformly distributed around the profile axis (P I ) and having flat or convexly curved transition surfaces (7) arranged between the plurality of concave drive surfaces (6); or an outer drive profile (9) defining a profile axis (P A ) and having a plurality of concave drive surfaces (10) on its outer side, the plurality of concave drive surfaces (10) being uniformly distributed around the profile axis (P A ) and having flat or convexly curved transition surfaces (7a) arranged between the plurality of concave drive surfaces (10), wherein In a cross section of the drive surface (6, 10), the transition point (PI) between the drive surface (6, 10) and the transition surface (7, 7a) lies on a common inner circle with an inner diameter D i and The driving surface (6) is located on an outer circle of diameter D a , which is uniformly distributed around the profile axis (P I , P A ) and is formed symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the longitudinal center of the profile axis (P I , P A ), characterized in that Select outer diameter D a The center distance L between the outer circle center and the inner circle center is used as the inner diameter D. i A function that, when centered around the contour axis (P) I P A Torque M D When introduced into the drive profile (5, 9), in each case, the normal force acting on the transition point is tangential to or runs within the drive surface (6, 10) adjacent to a drive surface (6, 10), the transition point being located between a drive surface (6, 10) and an adjacent transition surface (7, 7a).

2. The drive element according to claim 1, characterized in that The operating ratio K = D a / D i In the range of 0.3 and 2.

0.

3. Drive element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The center distance L is calculated using the formula L = F(L, D). i D i Calculate, where F(L, D) i =0.494 e （0.605K） .

4. Drive element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The drive element comprises an inner drive profile (5), and a drive surface (6) of the inner drive profile (5) is inclined with respect to the profile axis (P a ) from an insertion opening (5a) of the inner drive profile (5) towards a rear end of the inner drive profile (5) approaching the profile axis (P a ).

5. The drive element according to claim 4, characterized in that The drive surface (6) of the inner drive profile (5) is inclined with an inclination angle a a of at least 1°, and / or the drive surface (6) of the inner drive profile (5) is inclined with an inclination angle a I of at most 5° with respect to the profile axis (P I ). I ​ 6. The drive element of claim 4, wherein, The transition surface (7) is inclined with respect to the profile axis (P I ) and approaches the profile axis (P I ) from the insertion opening (5a) of the inner drive profile (5) towards the rear end of the inner drive profile (5).

7. Drive element according to claim 6, characterized in that Transition surface (7) relative to profile axis (P) I The tilt angle β I At least 1°, and / or the transition surface (7) of the internal driving profile (5) relative to the profile axis (P) I The tilt angle β I The maximum is 5°.

8. The drive element according to claim 7, characterized in that The angle of inclination a of the drive surface (6) with respect to the profile axis (P I ) I The angle of inclination β of the transition surface (7) with respect to the profile axis (P I ) I is the same as the angle of inclination a.

9. The drive element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The drive element has an outer drive profile (9) and a drive surface (10) of the outer drive profile (9) is inclined with respect to the profile axis (P A ) towards the insertion end of the outer drive profile (9) approaches the profile axis (P A ).

10. The drive element of claim 9, wherein, The drive surface (10) is inclined with respect to the profile axis (P A ) by an inclination angle a A of at least 0.5°.

11. The drive element of claim 9, wherein, The transition surface (7a) is inclined with respect to the profile axis (P A ) by an angle β A of more than 0° and less than 0.7°.

12. The drive element of claim 11, wherein, The transition surface (7a) relative to the profile axis (P) A The inclination angle β A Smaller than the driving surface (10) relative to the profile axis (P) A The inclination angle α A Inclination angle α A With inclination angle β A The ratio is ≥2.

13. The drive element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The outer diameter (Da) is constant over the axial length of the drive profile (5, 9).

14. The drive element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that In the case of the inner drive profile (5) in the direction of its insertion opening (5a) and in the case of the outer drive profile (9) from its insertion end, the inner diameter (D I ) in the axial length of the drive profiles (5, 9) is constant or continuously increasing to accommodate the inclination of the transition surfaces (7, 7a) relative to the respective profile axis (P I , P A ).

15. The drive element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The drive profile (5, 9) has five or six drive surfaces (6, 10).

16. The drive element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The drive element (1) is a screw, and the drive profile (5) is formed on the screw head (4).

17. The drive element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The drive element (8) is a screw head.

18. A method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein one component is designed as a drive element (8) having an external drive contour (9) and the other component is designed as a drive element (1) having an internal drive contour (5), wherein The drive profiles (5, 9) of the two drive elements (1, 8) are axially plugged together to produce a rotationally fixed connection between the two drive elements (1, 8), characterized in that the components are designed as drive elements (1, 8) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, and the drive profiles (5, 9) of the drive elements (1, 8) are selected to be complementary to one another, such that when the drive profiles (5, 9) are axially plugged together, the drive surfaces (6, 10) of the drive elements (1, 8) contact one another in a two-dimensional manner, thereby producing a frictional and / or clamping connection between the drive elements (1, 8), by which the drive elements (1, 8) are axially connected to one another.

19. The method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner according to claim 18, characterized in that One of the two components is a connecting screw, and the other component is a turning tool.

20. The method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner according to claim 18, characterized in that The drive contours (5, 9) of the two drive elements (1, 8) have drive surfaces (6, 10) which are inclined to the respective contour axis (P I , P A ).

21. The method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner according to claim 20, characterized in that The drive surface (6) of the inner drive profile (5) is inclined with an inclination angle a I ) greater than the inclination angle a i ) of the drive surface (6) of the outer drive profile (9) with respect to the profile axis (P A ). A .

22. The method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner according to claim 21, characterized in that The inclination angle α of the driving surface (6) of the internal driving profile (5) i The driving surface (10) of the outer driving profile (9) is 3° ± 0.2° relative to the profile axis (P). B The inclination angle α A It is 1.15° ± 0.15°, or, The angle of inclination a of the drive surface (6) of the inner drive profile (5) relative to the profile axis (P I ) i is 2° ± 0.2°, and the angle of inclination a of the drive surface (10) of the outer drive profile (9) relative to the profile axis (P A ) A is 1.15° ± 0.15°.

23. A method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that The transition surfaces (7, 7a) of the drive profiles (5, 9) of the two components (1, 8) are inclined with respect to the respective profile axis (P I , A P ) wherein the angle of inclination β I of the transition surface (7) of the inner drive profile (5) with respect to the profile axis (P i ) is in the ratio ≥ 5 to the angle of inclination (β I ) of the transition surface (7a) of the outer drive profile (9) with respect to the profile axis (P A ).

24. A method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that In the drive elements (1, 8) used, the outer diameter (D a ) of the inner drive contour (5) is smaller than the outer diameter (D a ) of the outer drive contour (9).

25. A method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that The drive surfaces (6, 10) of the two components surface-contact one another over at least 25% of their extent in the circumferential direction.

26. The method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that The two components contact each drive surface (6, 10) on both sides of its longitudinal center plane.

27. A method for connecting two components in a rotationally fixed manner according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that The drive profile (5, 9) is designed such that it does not contact in the area of the transition surface (7, 7a).

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