A self-powered, long-endurance, multi-factor drifting buoy

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of ocean detection equipment, and in particular to a self-powered, long-endurance, multi-factor drifting buoy, comprising a meteorological sensor module, a buoy body, a power propulsion device, an underwater sensor module, and an anti-overturning device. The meteorological sensor module is installed on the top of the buoy body for real-time monitoring of meteorological information at the location of the drifting buoy; the buoy body has a built-in Beidou module, which communicates with a ground central station through the Beidou module; the power propulsion device is installed on the buoy body for providing power to the buoy body; the underwater sensor module is installed in the buoy body for collecting hydrological information along the way, and the anti-overturning device is installed at the bottom of the buoy body for ensuring the stability of the buoy body. The type of sensor in the underwater sensor module can be replaced according to usage requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ocean exploration equipment, and in particular to an ocean surface drifting buoy. Background Art

[0002] Ocean surface drifting buoys are deployed and drift with ocean currents. They consist of a float, sensors, data transmission, system control, and power supply systems. They are typically used to collect hydrological and meteorological data such as air temperature, wind speed and direction, water temperature, waves, and currents for scientific research and marine disaster prevention and mitigation. They also have important implications for national defense and security.

[0003] Due to the inherent characteristics of surface drifting buoys, all currently available on the market are unpowered. However, market feedback indicates that over 90% of surface drifting buoys lost contact are caused by groundings. Therefore, resolving the grounding issue can significantly increase the survival rate of surface drifting buoys and reduce their operating costs.

[0004] In addition, most of the ocean surface drifting buoys currently on the market can only measure single ocean information, cannot measure multi-factor sea surface information, and rarely have modular designs; if this problem can be solved, the information collection capabilities of ocean surface drifting buoys can be greatly improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy, which can greatly improve the survival rate and information collection capability of surface drifting buoys.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a self-powered long-endurance multi-element drifting buoy, comprising: a meteorological sensor module, a buoy body, a power propulsion device, an underwater sensor module and an anti-capsulation device;

[0007] The meteorological sensor module is mounted on the top of the buoy body and is used to monitor the meteorological information at the location of the drifting buoy in real time;

[0008] The buoy body has a built-in Beidou module and communicates with the ground central station through the Beidou module;

[0009] The power propulsion device is installed on the buoy body and is used to provide power for the buoy body;

[0010] The underwater sensor module is installed in the buoy body and is used to collect hydrological information along the way, including but not limited to: temperature, salinity, waves, and water quality;

[0011] The anti-overturning device is installed at the bottom of the buoy body to ensure the stability of the buoy body.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when used on the sea surface, the drifting buoy is deployed and drifts with the ocean current, and collects sea surface hydrological information along the way through the sensors carried by the meteorological sensor module and the underwater sensor module, and transmits the information together with its own position information to the ground central station through the BeiDou system by the BeiDou module;

[0013] When the position information sent back by the drifting buoy shows that it has entered the set danger zone, the ground central station sends a position instruction to the drifting buoy. After receiving the position instruction, the drifting buoy starts the power propulsion device and moves towards the position point specified in the position instruction until it reaches the specified position point.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: an electronic fence system is preset in the ground central station, and the electronic fence system draws a dangerous area. When the position information sent back by the drifting buoy shows that it has entered the dangerous area, the electronic fence system issues an alarm.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the meteorological sensor module includes: a meteorological sensor, a support rod and a meteorological sensor support flange;

[0016] The meteorological sensor is fixed on the top of the support rod; the bottom of the support rod is fixed to the inside of the buoy body through a meteorological sensor support flange; the meteorological sensor is electrically connected to the internal battery circuit module in the buoy body.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the buoy body comprises: a buoy shell, a buoy cover and an internal battery circuit module;

[0018] The buoy upper cover is fixed on the top of the buoy housing to seal the interior of the buoy housing;

[0019] The buoy cover includes: an integral cover and an air pressure sensor, a main control board, a Beidou module and a switch control board installed on the integral cover; the air pressure sensor is installed on the upper surface of the integral cover, and the air pressure sensor housing is equipped with an air pressure sensor protective cover; the Beidou module and the switch control board are integrated on the main control board, and the main control board is fixed to the lower end surface of the integral cover; a switch electrically connected to the switch control board is provided on the upper surface of the integral cover, and the switch housing is equipped with a switch cover;

[0020] The internal battery circuit module is fixed inside the buoy housing and includes: a wave sensor, an interface control board, a battery, and a battery box; the wave sensor is integrated on the interface control board, the interface control board is fixed on the battery box cover, and the battery box cover is fixed on the battery box with the battery fixed inside; the battery is used to power the entire device;

[0021] The underwater sensor module and wave sensor are electrically connected to the interface control board, and the interface control board, air pressure sensor, meteorological sensor module, Beidou module and switch control board are electrically connected to the main control board; and the power propulsion device is controlled by the main control board.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the buoy body also includes: a solar panel; the solar panel is installed on the outside of the buoy shell, and the circuit of the solar panel extends to the inside of the buoy shell through a waterproof connector, and is connected to the interface control board in the internal battery circuit module, and the battery is charged through the charging circuit on the interface control board.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a power propulsion device is installed on each of two opposite sides of the buoy body;

[0024] The power propulsion device includes: a propeller and a propeller mounting plate; the propeller is fixedly mounted on the buoy body through the propeller mounting plate.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the underwater sensor module includes: an underwater sensor protection cover, a sensor circuit board, a temperature sensor, an underwater sensor protection shell and a salinity sensor;

[0026] The sensor circuit protection cover is fixedly installed in the underwater sensor protection shell, thereby leaving an installation space for the sensor circuit board in the underwater sensor protection shell;

[0027] The temperature sensor and salinity sensor are respectively installed in the underwater sensor protection housing by the temperature sensor limit block and the salinity sensor limit block to collect the temperature and salinity information at the location of the drifting buoy; the temperature sensor and salinity sensor are respectively electrically connected to the sensor circuit board;

[0028] The underwater sensor protection cover is fixedly mounted on the top of the underwater sensor protection shell.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sensor installation interfaces are provided at the bottom of the underwater sensor protection shell for installing sensors for monitoring the environment where the drifting buoy is located according to usage requirements.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the anti-overturning device includes: a bottom bracket, a counterweight chain and a counterweight block;

[0031] Two or more bottom brackets are connected in series to form a bottom bracket group fixedly connected to the bottom of the buoy body; one end of the counterweight chain is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom bracket group, and the other end is fixedly connected to the counterweight block group, and the counterweight block group includes more than one counterweight block.

[0032] Beneficial effects:

[0033] (1) The drifting buoy of the present invention is dynamic and can move on its own under the drive of a propulsion device. When the buoy is drifting on the sea surface, when the position information sent back by the buoy indicates that the buoy has entered a dangerous area, the propulsion device can be activated, and the Beidou module and the electronic compass integrated on the mainboard can be used to determine the buoy's own position and direction. The buoy will eventually move in the direction of the position point designated by the user remotely, thus escaping the danger of being stranded. This can greatly improve the survival rate of surface drifting buoys. Moreover, due to its dynamic nature, the use environment of the buoy is extended, so that it is not limited to use on the sea surface, but can also be used on the lake surface to collect lake surface information (such as water quality).

[0034] (2) The drifting buoy is equipped with a BeiDou module, which enables it to communicate with the ground center station through the BeiDou system and realize real-time information transmission.

[0035] (3) The drifting buoy of the present invention has multi-factor detection capabilities: the underwater sensor module and meteorological sensor module in the present invention are modularly designed and have multiple sensor installation interfaces pre-set. Users can freely choose the type of sensor according to their needs. After the buoy is deployed, it can collect hydrological information of multiple factors of the sea surface along the way through the various sensors it carries.

[0036] (4) A solar panel is installed on the buoy shell, and the solar energy collected by the solar panel is used to charge the internal battery, which can effectively extend its use time on the sea surface.

[0037] (5) The structural design of the meteorological sensor module in the present invention, such as the support rod is obtained by machining a finished fiberglass reinforced plastic pipe and screwing it together with two sections of pipes of different thicknesses, so that its structural strength can meet the requirements for use on the sea surface.

[0038] (6) The anti-overturning device in the present invention can be freely counterweighted according to the use environment to stabilize the drifting posture of the entire machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is the overall effect diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the meteorological sensor assembly and the upper cover in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the internal battery circuit in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the underwater sensor module in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the buoy shell, power propulsion device and anti-overturning device in the present invention.

[0045] Among them: 100 - meteorological sensor module, 101 - meteorological sensor, 102 - upper support rod, 103 - lower support rod, 104 - meteorological sensor support flange;

[0046] 200 - Buoy body, 210 - Buoy shell, 220 - Buoy cover, 221 - Air pressure sensor protective cover, 222 - Air pressure sensor, 223 - Switch cover, 224 - Integral cover, 225 - Main control board, 226 - Beidou module, 227 - Switch control board, 230 - Internal battery circuit module, 231 - Wave sensor, 232 - Interface control board, 233 - Hexagonal support, 234 - Battery box cover, 235 - Battery, 236 - Battery box, 240 - Solar panel;

[0047] 300 - propulsion unit, 301 - thruster, 302 - thruster mounting plate;

[0048] 400 - underwater sensor module, 401 - underwater sensor protective housing cover, 402 - sensor circuit protection cover, 403 - sensor circuit board, 404 - temperature sensor stopper, 405 - temperature sensor, 406 - underwater sensor protective housing, 407 - salinity sensor, 408 - salinity sensor stopper;

[0049] 500 - Anti-overturning device, 501 - Bottom bracket, 502 - Counterweight chain, 503 - Locking pin, 504 - D-ring, 505 - Connecting plate, 506 - Counterweight, 507 - Bottom bracket cover, 508 - Locking ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] This embodiment provides a powered multi-factor collection drifting buoy that can stably, reliably, long-term, and multi-factor collect hydrological information of the sea or lake surface.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the drifting buoy includes a meteorological sensor module 100, a buoy body 200, a propulsion device 300, an underwater sensor module 400, and an anti-capsize device 500. The meteorological sensor module 100 is mounted on the top of the buoy body 200 to monitor the meteorological information at the drifting buoy's location in real time. The propulsion device 300 is mounted on the buoy body 200 to provide power to the buoy body 200. The underwater sensor module 400 is mounted on the bottom of the buoy body 200 to collect multi-factor hydrological information from the sea or lake along the way (multi-factor refers to the various types of hydrological information required to monitor the environment in which the drifting buoy is located. For example, when used on the sea surface, the multi-factor hydrological information includes but is not limited to: temperature, salinity, and waves; when used on the lake surface, the multi-factor hydrological information includes but is not limited to: temperature, salinity, and water quality). The anti-capsize device 500 is mounted on the bottom of the buoy body 200 to ensure the stability of the buoy body 200 and prevent it from capsizing during drifting.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the meteorological sensor module 100 includes: a meteorological sensor 101, a support rod, and a meteorological sensor support flange 104; the support rod is made by machining a finished fiberglass reinforced plastic pipe and is formed by screwing together two sections of pipe body of different thicknesses, namely the upper support rod 102 and the lower support rod 103. The meteorological sensor 101 is threadedly engaged with the top of the upper support rod 102, thereby installing the meteorological sensor 101 on the top of the upper support rod 102; the bottom of the upper support rod 102 is also threadedly connected to the top of the lower sensor 103; for ease of installation, the lower end of the lower support rod 103 is directly inserted into the center hole of the meteorological sensor support flange 104, and the lower support rod 103 is constrained by the hole-shaft engagement. During actual use, the above-mentioned threads need to be coated with sealant to ensure waterproof performance. The meteorological sensor 100 can replace the type of sensor according to different usage conditions.

[0054] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the meteorological sensor module 100 is installed, the meteorological sensor support flange 104 is fixed to the buoy shell 210 in the buoy body 200 by five screws evenly distributed along the circumference at its bottom, that is, the meteorological sensor support flange 104 is fixed inside the buoy shell 210, and the lower end sensor 103 is also located inside the buoy shell 210. Figure 3 B shown in the figure) has an external thread, which is connected to the center of the integral upper cover 224 in the buoy body 200 (as shown in the figure). Figure 3The weather sensor module 100 is mounted on the buoy body 200 by mating with the internal threads of the upper support rod 102 (shown at C). This assembly further strengthens the rigidity of the upper support rod 102. Furthermore, in actual use, the threads here need to be coated with sealant to ensure waterproof performance.

[0055] like Figure 3 and Figure 2 As shown, the shaft of the support rod 103 at the lower end (as shown Figure 2 There is an opening at point A shown in the figure. The opening is used to allow the circuit of the meteorological sensor 101 to pass through so that it can be electrically connected to the internal battery circuit module 230 in the buoy body 200.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the buoy body 200 comprises a buoy hull 210, a buoy cover 220, an internal battery circuit module 230, and a solar panel 240. The buoy hull 210 is a sealed structure with a hemispherical main body, its horizontal surface facing upward. A support body for the solar panel 240 extends diagonally upward. The buoy cover 220 is secured to the top of the buoy hull 210 (specifically, to the top of the support body) by six bolts evenly distributed along the circumference. The solar panel 240 is secured to the support body of the buoy hull 210 by snaps on the horizontal surface of the buoy hull 210 and the pressure of the buoy cover 220. The wiring of the solar panel 240 extends into the interior of the buoy hull 210 through waterproof connectors to ensure overall waterproof performance. In this example, there are six solar panels 240, which are evenly spaced along the circumference and are installed at an angle of 45° to the horizontal plane. This layout can better utilize solar energy (specifically, the support body has six evenly spaced 45° inclined surfaces along the circumference, and a solar panel 240 is installed on each inclined surface; based on this, the buoy cover 220 is a regular hexagonal plate, and its six sides are respectively connected to the six solar panels 240, which are used to press the top of the solar panel 240). The lower end of the solar panel 240 is fixed to the buoy shell 210 by a snap, and the upper end of the solar panel 240 is pressed after the buoy cover 220 is assembled. The internal battery circuit module 230 is fixed to the inside of the buoy shell 210 by hexagonal pillars and screws through the four waist-shaped holes at the bottom.

[0057] like Figure 3As shown, the buoy cover 200 includes: a pressure sensor protective cover 221, a pressure sensor 222, a switch cover 223, an integrated cover 224, a main control board 225, a Beidou module 226, and a switch control board 227. The integrated cover 224 is the main body of the buoy cover 200 and is threadedly connected to the buoy housing 210. The remaining components of the buoy cover 200 are mounted on the integrated cover 224. Specifically, the pressure sensor protective cover 221 is integrally formed using 3D printing technology. It features internal threads on the bottom that mate with the external threads pre-reserved on the integrated cover 224. The pressure sensor 222 is threadedly secured to the integrated cover 224 and located within the pressure sensor protective cover 221, providing ventilation and waterproofing to ensure the proper operation of the pressure sensor 222. Furthermore, a three-dimensional wind sensor can be installed on the integrated cover 224 as needed.

[0058] The switch cover 223 is mounted over the switch opening on the integral upper cover 224 and is secured to the integral upper cover 224 via a threaded connection. A sealing ring is installed inside the switch cover 223 to ensure a tight seal. The Beidou module 226 and the switch control board 227 are integrated into the main control board 225, which is secured to the lower end of the integral upper cover 224 via screws. The switch control board 227 corresponds to the switch opening on the upper surface of the integral upper cover 224.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the internal battery circuit module 230 includes a wave sensor 231, an interface control board 232, hexagonal struts 233, a battery cover 234, batteries 235, and a battery box 236. The wave sensor 231 is integrated into the interface control board 232, which is secured to the battery cover 234 via hexagonal struts 233 and screws. The battery cover 234 is secured to the battery box 236 via screws. The batteries 235 are secured within the battery box 236. The bottom of the battery box 236 has four mounting holes for securing the battery box 236 within the buoy housing 210.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, internal battery circuit module 230 is secured to buoy housing 210 by hexagonal struts and screws, leaving space between it and the bottom surface of buoy housing 210 for mounting underwater sensor module 400. The circular hole in the center of internal battery circuit module 230 and its overall structural shape are designed to facilitate assembly with lower support rod 103, meteorological sensor support flange 104, and buoy housing 210.

[0061] like Figure 5As shown, the underwater sensor module 400 is installed inside the buoy housing 210, below the internal battery circuit module 230; it includes: an underwater sensor protective cover 401, a sensor circuit protection cover plate 402, a sensor circuit board 403, a temperature sensor limit block 404, a temperature sensor 405, an underwater sensor protective shell 406, a salinity sensor 407 and a salinity sensor limit block 408.

[0062] The temperature sensor 405 and salinity sensor 407 are screwed to the bottom of the underwater sensor housing 406 (the monitoring ends of the temperature sensor 405 and salinity sensor 407 extend beyond the buoy housing 210), respectively, via temperature sensor stoppers 404 and salinity sensor stoppers 408. These sensors collect seawater (or lake water) temperature and salinity information, which is aggregated on the sensor circuit board 403. The bottom of the underwater sensor housing 406 features multiple sensor mounting ports, allowing installation of all sensors needed to monitor multiple environmental factors within the drifting buoy. These sensors include, but are not limited to, wave sensors, temperature sensors, salinity sensors, and water quality sensors, and can be freely matched to suit the specific application environment.

[0063] The sensor circuit protection cover 402 is installed in the underwater sensor protection shell 406 by screws, thereby leaving installation space for the sensor circuit board 403 in the underwater sensor protection shell 406; the sensor circuit board 403 is installed in this space by screws, and the other spaces in the sensor protection shell 406 are potted with potting glue.

[0064] The underwater sensor protective cover 401 is screwed onto the top of the underwater sensor protective housing 406, forming a complete module. The underwater sensor module 400 is also equipped with a waterproof connector interface, which electrically connects to the interface control board 232 inside the buoy housing 210. The underwater sensor module 400 is connected to the buoy housing 210 via three screws evenly spaced along the circumference.

[0065] like Figure 6 As shown, a propulsion device 300 is installed on each opposite side of the buoy hull 210. The propulsion device 300 includes a thruster 301 and a thruster mounting plate 302. The thruster 301 is mounted on the thruster mounting plate 302 via screws, and the thruster mounting plate 302 is mounted on the buoy hull 210 via screws. The electrical connection of the thruster 301 extends through a waterproof connector on the buoy hull 210 to the interface control board 232 of the internal battery circuit module 230 to ensure the overall waterproof performance of the device. The installation position of the propulsion device 300 was calculated and tested, and it was installed on both sides of the buoy hull 210, at a height close to the horizontal plane where the center of gravity of the buoy is located.

[0066] like Figure 6 As shown, the anti-capsize device 500 includes: a bottom bracket 501, a counterweight chain 502, a locking pin 503, a D-ring 504, a connecting plate 505, a counterweight 506, a bottom bracket cover 507, and a locking ring 508. In this example, there are three bottom brackets 501, which are connected in series end-to-end using bolts. The connected bottom bracket assembly is connected to the bottom of the buoy housing 210 via four screws evenly spaced along the circumference. The bottom bracket cover 507 is bolted to the bottom bracket assembly. One end of the counterweight chain 502 is screwed to the bottom bracket cover 507 at the bottom of the bottom bracket assembly, and the other end is screwed to the bottom bracket cover 507 located on the upper end of the counterweight 506 (the counterweight 506 is connected to the bottom bracket cover 507 via a threaded rod and nut). The specific length of the anti-capsize device 500 must be sufficient to maintain the upright posture of the buoy during use and needs to be adjusted based on the upper and lower counterweights and the specific usage scenario. In this example, the counterweights 506 are of three types: 1kg, 2kg, and 3kg. The specific number of counterweights to be used is determined by the usage.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the overall electrical connection of the drifting buoy is as follows: the solar panel 240 is connected to the interface control board 232 in the internal battery circuit module 230, and the battery 235 is charged through the charging circuit on the interface control board 232; the battery 235 is connected to the interface control board 232 to power the entire device; the bus of the underwater sensor module 400 and the line of the wave sensor 231 are connected to the interface control board 232, and after being aggregated by the interface control board 232, they are connected to the main control board 225 by a bus; the air pressure sensor 222 and the weather sensor 101 are directly connected to the main control board 22 5; the thruster 301 is electrically connected to the main control board 225, which controls the thruster 301; the Beidou module 226 is connected to the main control board 225 and is responsible for receiving and sending data of the entire machine, including transmitting back the collected data information, executing various instructions such as movement instructions, power on and off instructions, and self-destruct instructions sent by the ground center station; the switch control board 227 is connected to the main control board 225, and the power switch, charging port and indicator light are exposed on the switch port on the integral upper cover 224. Through the switch port, the user can perform operations such as switching the entire machine on and off, charging, and checking the working status.

[0068] When the drifting buoy is in use, the switch cover 223 is unscrewed and the power switch is turned on, and the drifting buoy begins operation. Furthermore, when deployed on the sea surface, the drifting buoy will drift with the ocean currents and collect hydrological information of multiple elements of the sea surface along the way through the various sensors it carries. After simple processing and aggregation by the interface control board 232 and the main control board 225, the information, along with the buoy's own position, is transmitted to the ground center station through the BeiDou system by the BeiDou module 226. The ground center station further processes the data and finally displays it to the user.

[0069] The ground-based central station has a pre-set electronic fence system that delineates a dangerous area within a certain distance of the coast where grounding is likely to occur. When the position information transmitted by the drifting buoy indicates that the buoy has entered the dangerous area, the electronic fence system will issue an alarm to the user. The user can then send a position command through the ground-based central station. This position command is transmitted to the buoy via the Beidou system and received by the buoy's Beidou module 226. After the buoy receives the position command, the main control board 225 activates the thruster 301, which uses the Beidou module 226 and the electronic compass integrated into the main control board 225 to determine its own position and orientation. The buoy will eventually move in the direction of the position point specified in the position command until it reaches the specified position point, thereby escaping the danger of grounding. If the user does not provide a position command within the set time after the alarm is issued, the ground-based central station will automatically issue a position command to help the buoy escape the danger of grounding.

[0070] When used on a lake, the propeller 301 can be started after the drifting buoy is deployed, and the propeller 301 drives the buoy to move along a set route on the lake surface, and collects hydrological information of multiple elements of the lake surface along the way through the various sensors it carries.

[0071] Through the ground central station, Beidou module, power propulsion device and other ancillary equipment, the drifting buoy can also meet more and more complex user requirements.

[0072] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy, characterized in that: include: Meteorological sensor module (100), buoy body (200), power propulsion device (300), underwater sensor module (400) and anti-capsize device (500); The meteorological sensor module (100) is mounted on the top of the buoy body (200) and is used to monitor meteorological information at the location of the drifting buoy in real time; The buoy body (200) has a built-in Beidou module and communicates with a ground central station via the Beidou module; The power propulsion device (300) is installed on the buoy body (200) and is used to provide power for the buoy body (200); The underwater sensor module (400) is installed in the buoy body (200) and is used to collect hydrological information along the way; The anti-overturning device (500) is installed at the bottom of the buoy body (200) to ensure the stability of the buoy body (200); The buoy body comprises: a buoy shell (210), a buoy upper cover (220) and an internal battery circuit module (230); the buoy upper cover (220) is fixed to the top of the buoy shell (210) to seal the interior of the buoy shell (210); the internal battery circuit module (230) is fixed inside the buoy shell (210); The meteorological sensor module comprises: a meteorological sensor (101), a support rod and a meteorological sensor support flange (104); The support rod is obtained by screwing together two sections of pipes of different thicknesses, the two sections of pipes being an upper support rod (102) and a lower support rod (103); the meteorological sensor (101) is mounted on the top of the upper support rod (102); the lower end of the lower support rod (103) is directly inserted into the center hole of the meteorological sensor support flange (104); An external thread is left at the end of the upper support rod (102) to cooperate with the internal thread at the center of the integral upper cover (224) in the buoy upper cover (220), so that the lower support rod (103) is located inside the buoy body (200); The meteorological sensor support flange (104) passes through a hole in the middle of the internal battery circuit module (230) in the buoy body (200) and is fixed inside the buoy body (200); The meteorological sensor (101) is electrically connected to an internal battery circuit module in the buoy body.

2. The self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: When used on the sea surface, after the drifting buoy is deployed, it drifts with the ocean current and collects sea surface hydrological information along the way through the sensors carried by the meteorological sensor module (100) and the underwater sensor module (400), and transmits the information together with its own position information to the ground central station through the Beidou system by the Beidou module; When the position information sent back by the drifting buoy shows that it has entered the set danger zone, the ground central station sends a position instruction to the drifting buoy. After receiving the position instruction, the drifting buoy starts the power propulsion device and moves towards the position point specified in the position instruction until it reaches the specified position point.

3. The self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ground central station is preset with an electronic fence system, which draws a danger zone. When the position information sent back by the drifting buoy shows that it has entered the danger zone, the electronic fence system issues an alarm.

4. The self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The buoy upper cover (220) includes: an integral upper cover (224) and an air pressure sensor (222), a main control board (225), a Beidou module (226) and a switch control board (227) installed on the integral upper cover (224); wherein the air pressure sensor (222) is installed on the upper surface of the integral upper cover (224), and the outer cover of the air pressure sensor (222) is equipped with an air pressure sensor protective cover (221); the Beidou module (226) and the switch control board (227) are integrated on the main control board (225), and the main control board (225) is fixed to the lower end surface of the integral upper cover (224); a switch electrically connected to the switch control board (227) is provided on the upper surface of the integral upper cover (224), and the outer cover of the switch is equipped with a switch cover (223); The internal battery circuit module (230) comprises: a wave sensor (231), an interface control board (232), a battery (235), and a battery box (236); the wave sensor (231) is integrated on the interface control board (232), the interface control board (232) is fixed on the battery box cover (234), and the battery box cover (234) is fixed on the battery box (236) in which the battery (235) is fixed; the battery (235) is used to power the entire device; The underwater sensor module (400) and the wave sensor (231) are electrically connected to the interface control board (232); the interface control board (232), the air pressure sensor (222), the meteorological sensor module (100), the Beidou module (226), and the switch control board (227) are electrically connected to the main control board (225); and the power propulsion device (300) is controlled by the main control board (225).

5. The self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buoy body further comprises: a solar panel (240); the solar panel (240) is mounted on the outside of the buoy shell (210); the circuit of the solar panel (240) extends into the interior of the buoy shell (210) through a waterproof connector, and is connected to the interface control board (232) in the internal battery circuit module (230), and the battery (235) is charged through the charging circuit on the interface control board (232).

6. The self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A power propulsion device (300) is installed on each of two opposite sides of the buoy body (200); The power propulsion device (300) comprises: a propeller (301) and a propeller mounting plate (302); the propeller (301) is fixedly mounted on the buoy body (200) via the propeller mounting plate (302).

7. The self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The underwater sensor module (400) comprises: an underwater sensor protection cover (401), a sensor circuit board (403), a temperature sensor (405), an underwater sensor protection shell (406), and a salinity sensor (407); The sensor circuit protection cover (402) is fixedly mounted in the underwater sensor protection shell (406), thereby leaving an installation space for the sensor circuit board (403) in the underwater sensor protection shell (406); The temperature sensor (405) and the salinity sensor (407) are respectively installed in the underwater sensor protection housing (406) by the temperature sensor limit block (404) and the salinity sensor limit block (408), so as to collect temperature and salinity information at the location of the drifting buoy; the temperature sensor (405) and the salinity sensor (407) are respectively electrically connected to the sensor circuit board (403); The underwater sensor protection cover (401) is fixedly mounted on the top of the underwater sensor protection shell (406).

8. The self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of sensor installation interfaces are provided at the bottom of the underwater sensor protection shell (406), for installing sensors for monitoring the environment where the drifting buoy is located according to use requirements.

9. The self-powered, long-endurance, multi-element drifting buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The anti-overturning device (500) comprises: a bottom bracket (501), a counterweight chain (502), and a counterweight block (506); Two or more bottom brackets (501) are connected in series to form a bottom bracket group fixedly connected to the bottom of the buoy body (200); one end of the counterweight chain (502) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom bracket group, and the other end is fixedly connected to the counterweight block group, and the counterweight block group includes one or more counterweight blocks (506).

Images