Tunnel structure monitoring device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tunnel structure monitoring device and method, the monitoring method comprising the following steps: periodically and / or non-periodically arranging strain sensors in a tunnel to form a monitoring array, based on a collection cycle instruction issued by an integrated module, a plurality of strain sensors in the monitoring array collect monitoring signals from the tunnel and transmit the monitoring signals to a monitoring analysis platform through the integrated module, based on the analysis of the monitoring signals, the monitoring analysis platform determines the safety level of the monitoring surface and adjusts the collection cycle of the integrated module; the monitoring device comprises: a monitoring array, a plurality of strain sensors in the monitoring array are configured to collect monitoring signals from the tunnel wall based on the collection instruction issued by a controller; an integrated module, configured to adjust the collection cycle and the strain sensors based on the safety level determined by the monitoring analysis platform; and a monitoring analysis platform, which is configured to analyze the monitoring signals to determine the safety level of the monitoring surface and adjust the collection cycle of the integrated module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tunnel structure monitoring device and method with an initial support and secondary lining composite support structure. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel engineering accidents are related to many reasons: subjectively, the relevant engineering construction units have a weak sense of safety risks, are not fully aware of the high risks of adverse geological environments, and fail to timely and effectively identify, analyze and evaluate the safety risks of various links in the construction; objectively, tunnel engineering has the characteristics of strong concealment and complex environment, which are important factors causing tunnel safety accidents. However, apart from these subjective and objective factors, from the perspective of scientific research, the deep-seated reason is that the understanding of the mechanical response mechanism of surrounding rock engineering, the dynamic action mechanism of surrounding rock-support, and the surrounding rock support technology and methods is not clear enough, and there is a lack of scientific and reliable guidance. As a result, the surrounding rock control object and target are unclear, which makes the tunnel face greater safety risks during construction. Therefore, when carrying out tunnel construction in deep buried strata, it is very necessary to study the analysis and judgment of surrounding rock stability, the dynamic action relationship between surrounding rock and support, and surrounding rock safety control technology. In this way, we can scientifically, reasonably and efficiently deal with the instability and destruction of surrounding rock, take targeted surrounding rock support control measures, and prevent the occurrence of tunnel collapse accidents. This is not only the basic basis for the design of tunnel safety construction plans, but also the basic work and key scientific issue of engineering construction management.

[0003] In the prior art, a displacement detection system for tunnel space deformation is proposed in the patent document with publication number CN109855522A, which is applied to a tunnel including multiple tunnel jacking pipes and / or tunnel shield pieces. The displacement detection system includes several stress sheets, at least one signal collector and a host computer; the signal collector is wired to several stress sheets respectively; the host computer communicates with each signal collector respectively. The invention also discloses a displacement detection method for tunnel space deformation, including: providing a displacement detection system for tunnel space deformation, the displacement detection system includes several stress sheets, at least one signal collector, and the signal collector is electrically connected to several stress sheets; the stress sheets are attached to the tunnel wall, and each stress sheet spans the gap between adjacent tunnel jacking pipes or the gap between adjacent tunnel shield pieces. The invention adapts to the environment of underground soil deformation, enables flexible tunnels to be accurately detected, ensures measurement accuracy, and can detect in real time without stopping tunnel trains.

[0004] For example, a shield tunnel stratum stability and tunnel structure long-term health monitoring system proposed in the patent document with publication number CN108825304A includes: a vibrating string or fiber grating earth pressure gauge, which is buried on the outer surface of the segment with the pressure surface facing the soil; a piezometer, which is buried in the tunnel lining to monitor the seepage pressure of the tunnel lining; a steel stress gauge, which is arranged in the concrete segment; a strain gauge, which is buried in the concrete segment to monitor the strain of the concrete; a vibrating string surface crack gauge, whose two ends are respectively arranged on adjacent tunnel concrete segments through universal joints to monitor the opening and closing of adjacent concrete segments; a vibrating string liquid level sensor, which measures the change in elevation between the measuring point and the reference point; a crack gauge buried in the concrete segment to measure the crack condition of the tunnel segment; and a data acquisition unit to collect sensor signals in various geotechnical engineering safety monitoring projects.

[0005] The technical solution proposed in the above patent is mainly designed for the long-term monitoring of tunnel structures. It monitors the strain conditions in the tunnel by setting up a variety of sensors. However, it adopts a periodic and uniformly spaced arrangement in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The sensor setting density is relatively high, which increases the construction cost. It does not correlate the strain changes caused by external disturbances, and cannot predict the location of abnormal settlement based on the analysis of small strains by monitoring the dynamic relationship between soil and support.

[0006] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventor studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents are listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not have the characteristics of these prior arts. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention discloses a tunnel structure monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] Arranging strain sensors periodically and / or aperiodically in the tunnel to form a monitoring array;

[0009] Based on the collection cycle instructions issued by the integrated module, several strain sensors in the monitoring array collect monitoring signals from the tunnel and transmit the monitoring signals to the monitoring analysis platform through the integrated module;

[0010] Based on the analysis of the monitoring signals, the monitoring and analysis platform determines the safety level of the monitoring surface and adjusts the collection cycle of the integrated module.

[0011] The tunnel construction in the prior art adopts the method of uniformly arranging sensors along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, which is not suitable for scenes with complex geological conditions (such as underpasses in tunnels). Therefore, in the present invention, different from the periodic setting method in the prior art, a variety of strain sensors are periodically and / or non-periodically arranged in the tunnel, and the above sensors are arranged during the tunnel construction process. The arrangement method is based on the strain correlation between the tunnel soil and the support, and the monitoring and analysis platform predicts the setting position of the strain sensor used for monitoring, and during the monitoring process, the monitoring and analysis platform can use multiple monitoring sub-arrays within different detection ranges in the monitoring array to monitor external disturbances such as periodic passage of trains or local soil changes.

[0012] In the prior art, based on the collection cycle instruction issued by the integrated module, several strain sensors in the monitoring array collect monitoring signals from the tunnel and transmit the monitoring signals to the monitoring analysis platform through the integrated module;

[0013] Based on the analysis of the monitoring signals, the monitoring and analysis platform determines the safety level of the monitoring surface and adjusts the collection cycle of the integrated module.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring method further comprises the following steps:

[0015] When an external disturbance acts on the tunnel, the monitoring and analysis platform analyzes the first monitoring signal from the monitoring array to determine the disturbance range, and

[0016] When the disturbance range of the tunnel is abnormal, the monitoring and analysis platform analyzes the second monitoring signal from the monitoring array to determine the safety level of the tunnel.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring array includes a first sensor array having a first acquisition range and a second sensor array having a second acquisition range, and the first monitoring data transmitted by the first sensor array and the second monitoring data transmitted by the second sensor array are related data collected by the integrated module based on the same external disturbance.

[0018] The strain sensors of the present invention are distributed in an annular structure formed by multiple hierarchical structures. In the direction from the inside of the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel, the hierarchical structures in the annular structure are arranged in sequence (the hierarchical structure includes soil, initial support and secondary lining, etc. arranged in sequence in the radial direction). Among them, the deep soil detector arranged in the soil determines the deformation of the soil constituting the tunnel by monitoring the change in displacement distance. The two deep soil detectors are distributed at different positions. Among them, the first deep soil detector located at a first distance from the initial support layer can measure the displacement of the soil and is not affected by the annular structure, or the influence of the annular structure on the displacement of the soil is small enough to be ignored. In other words, the first deep soil detector located at the first distance from the initial support layer is mainly used to measure the displacement of the soil in the distance. A large-range displacement sensor can be used here, and in order to facilitate the monitoring of the nearby soil conditions, it is preferred to monitor the displacement of the soil in the four quadrants of the tunnel (tunnel top, tunnel bottom and tunnel side wall). Since the deformation trend or displacement of the soil farthest from the tunnel is judged here instead of quantitative calculation, it can be buried, and there is no need to perform high-precision positioning of its distance from the annular structure.

[0019] In the tunnel structure monitoring device of the present invention, the monitoring and analysis platform receives the data collected by multiple first deep soil detectors along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel through the integrated module, and the monitoring and analysis platform summarizes and analyzes the data. The monitoring and analysis platform can determine the safety level of the radiation range of the distance between the monitoring surface and the initial support level as the first distance according to the displacement change parameter of the soil, thereby effectively determining the stress concentration area of ​​the soil, and then the tunnel structure monitoring device of the present invention gives a more effective reinforcement guidance suggestion to the construction reinforcement position, such as changing the thickness, number of layers and / or amount of steel bars used in the secondary lining. Since the first deep soil detector goes deep into the soil layer, it can provide relevant data to the data monitoring and analysis platform in a wireless manner. Preferably, when and only when the first deep soil detector collects a displacement greater than a set threshold, it responds to the receipt of the corresponding super-threshold data and sends the relevant data to the data monitoring and analysis platform in a wireless manner. In this way, its working time in the soil layer can be extended, so that it can also be used for settlement monitoring during subway operation in the future.

[0020] Compared with the first deep soil detector, the second deep soil detector distributed at the second distance outside the tunnel is located at a position closer to the tunnel in the radial direction of the tunnel (that is, the second deep soil detector whose distance from the initial support layer is the second distance), and its depth into the soil is less than that of the first deep soil detector. The second deep soil detector is used to determine the stress or displacement of the nearby soil outside the tunnel. The second deep soil detector is used to quantitatively analyze and determine the stress or displacement of the soil near the tunnel, and it uses, for example, a small-range sensor with higher accuracy. For example, the second deep soil detector obtains power from the tunnel structure monitoring device of the present invention in a wired manner, and sends the stress or displacement of the nearby soil outside the tunnel that it monitors to the analysis platform through the integrated module based on the acquisition cycle instruction set by the integrated module. The high-precision data collection cycle is set by the monitoring and analysis platform based on the super-threshold data (super-threshold data is determined based on the design standard) provided by at least one other first deep soil detector located in the construction section where the second deep soil detector is located. In this way, the number of collections of the second deep soil detector can be adjusted in a targeted manner in relation to the distant displacement. On the one hand, high-precision and high-real-time alarms, predictive alarms or reminders can be given. On the other hand, high-precision and real-time suggestions can be given on the design parameters of the secondary lining level. The historical settlement data accumulated during the construction period can also be combined to judge the expected stress concentration position after operation, and a personalized construction plan can be given in advance.

[0021] Compared with the first deep soil detector and the second deep soil detector, the third sensor and the fourth sensor are distributed at the initial support layer and the secondary lining layer at a position closer to the internal space of the tunnel in the radial direction of the tunnel. The monitoring and analysis platform determines the collection period of high-precision data of the third and fourth sensors according to the super-threshold data provided by at least one other first deep soil detector in the construction section where the second deep soil detector is located, and corrects the collection period data of the second deep soil detector and its own high-precision data based on the degree of parameter difference between the data provided by the second deep soil detector and the data provided by the second deep soil detector. In this way, the collection period can be adjusted in real time to a safety level matching the radiation range with the help of the correlation between the change of the soil layer at the location of the second deep soil detector and the change of the initial support structure. On the one hand, the data collection and transmission efficiency can be improved (based on the strain change law of the tunnel, that is, the deformation and stress of the soil layer are transmitted radially to the initial support layer, and the monitoring and analysis platform establishes a correlation between the data collection of the soil layer and the initial support layer, On the one hand, the high-precision data collection cycle is adjusted according to the state changes of the soil layer, so as to monitor the strain information of the tunnel more accurately). On the other hand, the work quality of the initial support of the construction personnel can be evaluated (the initial support layer and the soil layer that are closely fitted can be highly coordinated, and then part of the soil can be mobilized to support the soil from deeper, such as the soil layer at the second position and the initial support layer support the soil layer that is the farthest from the tunnel within the soil layer and the distance from the initial support layer is the first distance; so that the initial support layer can effectively support the soil to form a stable structure with stress balance, but the initial support layer caused by the difference in construction quality cannot achieve effective support, and subsequent measures to strengthen the secondary lining layer or enhance the initial support layer are needed according to its work quality). According to the safety level of the initial support layer, the above-mentioned recommendations on the thickness, number of layers and / or amount of steel bars of the secondary lining layer made according to the first deep soil detector and the second deep soil detector are corrected and optimized to improve the safety factor of the overall support of the tunnel.

[0022] Based on the correlation between stress and deformation, the arrangement method and data acquisition method of the monitoring array in the system disclosed in the present invention enable the system to correlate the strains between the soil layer and the initial support layer distributed in the radial direction of the radiation range, so as to judge the safety level of the monitoring surface based on the parameter changes of the soil layer and the initial support layer. In other words, based on the correlation of strain information in time and space, the stress and deformation changes between the monitoring surfaces in the entire radiation range are correlated (the correlation established by the strain change time and numerical change amplitude between multiple monitoring surfaces), and for the strain state change of any monitoring array of one of the monitoring surfaces, the strain information of another monitoring array in the same radiation range that is temporally and / or spatially associated with the monitoring array is obtained to generate strain state change parameters, so as to determine the correlation between the monitoring surfaces from parameters such as the response time and change amplitude of the strain state change parameters, and determine the safety level of the monitoring surface from the difference in temporal change amplitude between the associated monitoring surfaces.

[0023] Furthermore, the sensors arranged longitudinally along the tunnel can realize accurate analysis of the radial support of the tunnel on each cross section, and the soil is mostly a layered or blocky integrated structure, and its movement in the form of sliding or rolling, as well as deformation such as bending and contraction of the layered structure, will act on multiple radiation ranges. Therefore, based on the change of the radial surface, the second strain change parameter can be output through the monitoring array to establish an association between multiple radiation ranges associated with the radiation range where the monitoring surface is located according to the safety level, so as to determine the deformation influence range of the soil corresponding to the monitoring surface, and adjust the setting density of the monitoring array of the next radiation range according to the deformation influence range determined by the above association. On the one hand, the strain stability state of the soil can be corrected through the strain information of multiple associated radiation ranges and the strain association between the monitoring surfaces can be corrected. On the other hand, according to the strain association between the current monitoring surfaces and the corresponding strain state stability, the current suggestion is given to the position of the monitoring array of the next radiation range.

[0024] In other words, when an abnormality is detected in the safety level of the monitored surface (the abnormality is caused by external disturbances, which may include natural settlement changes of the soil as well as settlement changes caused by external factors such as vehicles during tunnel operation), the strain information and position information of the monitoring surface where the abnormality occurs and multiple monitoring surfaces associated with the monitoring surface distributed along the axial and radial directions of the tunnel are extracted, and the influence of the strain change of the monitoring surface is determined by comparing the previous strain information to determine the correlation between the monitoring surfaces and the amplitude of the strain parameter change under the correlation. The monitoring and analysis platform can compare the linear change parameters of the monitoring surface where the safety level is abnormal with the linear change parameters of other monitoring surfaces associated with the monitoring surface. The stress stability level changes within a reasonable threshold range are corrected to avoid large-scale anomalies, and the changes in other monitoring surfaces are corrected according to the parameter changes beyond the linear change threshold range to more accurately evaluate the safety level of the monitoring surface, and the safety level of the radiation range can be corrected according to the impact range and degree of the abnormal changes in the safety level. Therefore, according to the safety level of the radiation range in the above process, appropriate initial support reinforcement measures and secondary lining measures are selected (the monitoring and analysis platform is in the first monitoring mode during the construction process and in the second monitoring mode for monitoring the long-term operation of the tunnel) and the setting position of the monitoring array of the next radiation range is guided (the monitoring and analysis platform is in the first monitoring mode for monitoring the long-term operation of the tunnel).

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring array collects the monitoring signal from the tunnel including the following steps:

[0026] Based on the safety level determined by the monitoring and analysis platform, the integrated module selectively selects strain sensors to form a first sensor array and a second sensor array that are interrelated;

[0027] Based on the disturbance range determined by the monitoring and analysis platform, the integrated module adjusts the composition of the first sensor array and the second sensor array and the collection period of the monitoring data, wherein:

[0028] The monitoring data are the values ​​and value changes of a number of strain sensors located at different positions on the same monitoring surface and at different radial distances from the same position and which are interrelated with each other.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring and analysis platform determines the security level of the monitoring surface including the following steps:

[0030] Based on the value change of the associated strain sensor, the monitoring and analysis platform confirms the first sensor array and the second sensor array associated with the monitoring surface;

[0031] In response to changes in monitoring data of the monitoring surface caused by external disturbances, the monitoring and analysis platform synchronously analyzes the monitoring data of the first sensor array and the second sensor array to determine the safety level of the tunnel where the monitoring surface is located.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, periodically and / or non-periodically arranging strain sensors in a tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0033] The monitoring and analysis platform analyzes the first monitoring data of the first sensor array to confirm the stress distribution characteristics in the tunnel, thereby predicting the distribution position of the first strain sensor in the second sensor array;

[0034] The monitoring and analysis platform synchronously analyzes the monitoring data of the first strain sensors of the first sensor array and the second sensor array to correct the distribution positions of the second strain sensors of the second sensor array.

[0035] The present invention discloses a tunnel structure monitoring device, comprising:

[0036] A monitoring array, wherein a plurality of strain sensors in the monitoring array are configured to collect monitoring signals from the tunnel wall based on a collection instruction issued by the integrated module;

[0037] an integration module configured to adjust an acquisition cycle and a strain sensor based on a safety level determined by a monitoring and analysis platform;

[0038] The monitoring and analysis platform is configured to analyze the monitoring signals to determine the safety level of the monitoring surface and adjust the collection cycle of the integrated module.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring and analysis platform confirms the monitoring subarray associated with the monitoring surface based on the value change of the associated strain sensor, and then determines the safety level of the monitoring surface through the first monitoring data and the second monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring subarray.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, in response to changes in monitoring data of the monitoring surface caused by external disturbances, the monitoring and analysis platform synchronously analyzes the first monitoring data and the second monitoring data, and then adjusts the parameters of the first monitoring data and the second monitoring data, at least including the collection period, according to the corrected safety level of the monitoring surface.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring array includes a first sensor array and a second sensor array, wherein:

[0042] The first sensor array is configured to receive a first monitoring signal located within a first range of a first monitoring surface,

[0043] The second sensor array is configured to receive a second monitoring signal located within a second range of the first monitoring surface, and

[0044] The distribution positions of the strain sensors of the second sensor array are determined by the monitoring and analysis platform based on the analysis of tunnel stress distribution characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a simplified overall structural schematic diagram of the tunnel structure monitoring device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a simplified circuit connection diagram of the tunnel structure monitoring device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of the tunnel structure monitoring method of the present invention.

[0048] Reference numerals list

[0049] 10: monitoring array; 20: integrated module; 30: monitoring and analysis platform; 40: external disturbance; 100: first sensor array; 200: second sensor array; 101: top monitoring component; 102: first side wall monitoring component; 103: bottom monitoring component; 104: second side wall monitoring component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention shown in the figure discloses a tunnel structure monitoring device, comprising: a monitoring array 10 for monitoring tunnel stress and deformation, an integrated module 20 coupled to the monitoring array 10 for collecting monitoring signals of the monitoring array 10, and a monitoring analysis platform 30 coupled to the integrated module 20 for analyzing monitoring signals.

[0052] The monitoring array 10 includes a top monitoring component 101 arranged at the top of the tunnel for monitoring the settlement of the tunnel arch, a first sidewall monitoring component 102 and a second sidewall monitoring component 104 arranged on the sidewall of the tunnel for monitoring the horizontal convergence of the tunnel, and a bottom monitoring component 103 arranged at the bottom of the tunnel for monitoring the settlement of the bottom of the tunnel. The strain sensors all include two deep soil detectors, and the corresponding secondary lining, initial support, pre-support and the connection parts of the above parts are all provided with stress-strain acquisition elements associated with force and deformation. Preferably, the sensor arranged at the initial support level is the third sensor, and the sensor arranged at the secondary lining level is the fourth sensor. The monitoring array 10 monitors the tunnel by monitoring the displacement between the initial support, secondary lining and soil on multiple monitoring surfaces, as well as the stress and deformation of each of the above three. Optionally, the monitoring component includes a first deep soil detector, a second deep soil detector, a third sensor and a fourth sensor.

[0053] Optionally, the first sensor array 100 may include a plurality of deep soil detectors distributed in four quadrants for detecting soil strain. The second sensor array 200 is composed of corresponding secondary lining, initial support, pre-support and the connection parts of the above parts, all of which are provided with stress and deformation-related stress and strain collection elements, which are widely used in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0054] According to a preferred embodiment, the integrated module 20 is configured to adjust the collection cycle and strain sensor based on the safety level determined by the monitoring and analysis platform 30, and the monitoring and analysis platform 30 is configured to analyze the monitoring signal to determine the safety level of the monitored surface and adjust the collection cycle of the integrated module 20.

[0055] The integrated module 20 connects multiple sensors of the monitoring array 10 through wireless or wired means such as electronic circuits, and the integrated module 20 sends collection cycle instructions to enable the strain sensor to automatically transmit data, thereby completing data collection and sending the monitoring data to the monitoring and analysis platform 30, and finally analyzing and providing information dynamic feedback through the platform.

[0056] The monitoring and analysis platform 30 includes two operation modes, a first monitoring mode during the construction process and a second monitoring mode for monitoring the long-term operation of the tunnel.

[0057] When in the first detection mode, when the safety level of the monitored monitoring surface is abnormal (the abnormality is caused by external disturbances based on the natural settlement changes of the soil), the strain information and position information of the monitoring surface where the abnormality occurs and the multiple monitoring surfaces associated with the monitoring surface distributed along the axial and radial directions of the tunnel are extracted, and the influence caused by the strain change of the monitoring surface is determined by comparing the previous strain information to determine the association between the monitoring surfaces and the change amplitude of the strain parameter change under the association. The monitoring and analysis platform can correct the linear change parameters of the monitoring surface where the safety level is abnormal and the stress stability level changes of other monitoring surfaces associated with the monitoring surface within the reasonable threshold range of linear change, avoiding large-scale abnormalities, and correct the changes of other monitoring surfaces according to the parameter changes beyond the threshold range of linear change to more accurately evaluate the safety level of the monitoring surface, and can correct the safety level of the radiation range according to the influence range and degree of the abnormal change of the safety level, so as to select appropriate initial support reinforcement measures and secondary lining measures according to the safety level of the radiation range in the above process, and guide the setting position of the monitoring array of the next radiation range.

[0058] When in the second monitoring mode, the external disturbance, which is different from the first monitoring mode, mainly comes from the natural settlement of the soil. The external disturbance can also include the impact caused by external factors such as vehicles and rail vehicles during the operation of the tunnel, which acts on the first sensor array 100 and then transmits to the second sensor array 200. When it causes the soil changes at the monitoring position where the first sensor array 100 is located, it will be transmitted from the area where the first sensor array 100 is located to the area where the second sensor array 200 is located. Therefore, when the monitoring and analysis platform 30 is in the second monitoring mode, it can use the external disturbance caused by external factors such as vehicles and rail vehicles to establish a correlation between the strain data changes between the first sensor array 100 and the second sensor array 200, so that the highly correlated strain changes established at this time can monitor the associated strain caused by the settlement of the soil in the area where the first sensor array 100 is located.

[0059] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring and analysis platform 30 confirms the monitoring subarray associated with the monitoring surface based on the value change of the associated strain sensor, and then determines the safety level of the monitoring surface through the first monitoring data and the second monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring subarray.

[0060] According to a preferred embodiment, in response to changes in monitoring data of the monitoring surface caused by external disturbance 40, the monitoring and analysis platform 30 synchronously analyzes the first monitoring data and the second monitoring data, and then adjusts the parameters of the first monitoring data and the second monitoring data, including at least the collection period, according to the revised safety level of the monitoring surface.

[0061] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring array 10 includes a first sensor array 100 and a second sensor array 200. The first sensor array 100 is configured to receive a first monitoring signal located within a first range of the first monitoring surface. The second sensor array 200 is configured to receive a second monitoring signal located within a second range of the first monitoring surface, and the distribution positions of the strain sensors of the second sensor array 200 are determined by the monitoring and analysis platform 30 based on the analysis of the tunnel stress distribution characteristics.

[0062] like Figure 3 The present invention discloses a tunnel structure monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1. Arranging strain sensors periodically and / or non-periodically in a tunnel to form a monitoring array 10;

[0064] S2, based on the collection cycle instruction issued by the integrated module 20, a plurality of strain sensors in the monitoring array 10 collect monitoring signals from the tunnel and transmit the monitoring signals to the monitoring analysis platform 30 through the integrated module 20;

[0065] S3. Based on the analysis of the monitoring signal, the monitoring and analysis platform 30 determines the safety level of the monitoring surface and adjusts the collection cycle of the integrated module 20;

[0066] S4. When the external disturbance 40 acts on the tunnel, the monitoring and analysis platform 30 analyzes the first monitoring signal from the monitoring array 10 to determine the disturbance range, and

[0067] S5. When the disturbance range of the tunnel is abnormal, the monitoring and analysis platform 30 analyzes the second monitoring signal from the monitoring array 10 to determine the safety level of the tunnel.

[0068] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring array 10 includes a first sensor array 100 having a first acquisition range and a second sensor array 200 having a second acquisition range, and the first monitoring data transmitted by the first sensor array 100 and the second monitoring data transmitted by the second sensor array 200 are related data collected by the integrated module 20 based on the same external disturbance 40.

[0069] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring array 10 collects monitoring signals from the tunnel including the following steps:

[0070] Based on the safety level determined by the monitoring and analysis platform 30, the integrated module 20 selectively selects strain sensors to form a first sensor array 100 and a second sensor array 200 that are interrelated;

[0071] Based on the disturbance range determined by the monitoring and analysis platform 30, the integrated module 20 adjusts the composition of the first sensor array 100 and the second sensor array 200 and the collection period of the monitoring data, wherein:

[0072] The monitoring data are the values ​​and value changes of a number of strain sensors located at different positions on the same monitoring surface and at different radial distances from the same position and which are interrelated with each other.

[0073] According to a preferred embodiment, the monitoring and analysis platform 30 determines the security level of the monitoring surface including the following steps:

[0074] Based on the value changes of the associated strain sensors, the monitoring and analysis platform 30 confirms the first sensor array 100 and the second sensor array 200 associated with the monitoring surface;

[0075] In response to the changes in monitoring data of the monitoring surface caused by the external disturbance 40, the monitoring and analysis platform 30 synchronously analyzes the monitoring data of the first sensor array 100 and the second sensor array 200 to determine the safety level of the tunnel where the monitoring surface is located.

[0076] According to a preferred embodiment, periodically and / or non-periodically arranging strain sensors in a tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0077] The monitoring and analysis platform 30 analyzes the first monitoring data of the first sensor array 100 to confirm the stress distribution characteristics in the tunnel, thereby predicting the distribution positions of the first strain sensors in the second sensor array 100;

[0078] The monitoring and analysis platform 30 synchronously analyzes the monitoring data of the first strain sensors of the first sensor array 100 and the second sensor array 200 to correct the distribution positions of the second strain sensors of the second sensor array 200 .

[0079] Throughout the text, the features referred to as “preferably” are merely optional and should not be understood as having to be set. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.

[0080] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention description and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel structure monitoring method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Strain sensors are non-periodically arranged in a tunnel to form a monitoring array (10), wherein the monitoring array (10) comprises a first sensor array (100) having a first acquisition range and a second sensor array (200) having a second acquisition range, and first monitoring data transmitted by the first sensor array (100) and second monitoring data transmitted by the second sensor array (200) are associated data collected by an integrated module (20) based on the same external disturbance (40); Based on the collection cycle instruction issued by the integrated module (20), a plurality of strain sensors in the monitoring array (10) collect monitoring signals from the tunnel and transmit the monitoring signals to the monitoring analysis platform (30) through the integrated module (20). The monitoring array (10) collects the monitoring signals from the tunnel, including the following steps: Based on the safety level determined by the monitoring and analysis platform (30), the integrated module (20) selectively selects strain sensors to form a first sensor array (100) and a second sensor array (200) that are mutually related; based on the disturbance range determined by the monitoring and analysis platform (30), the integrated module (20) adjusts the composition of the first sensor array (100) and the second sensor array (200) and the monitoring data collection period; Based on analyzing the monitoring signal, the monitoring and analysis platform (30) determines the safety level of the monitoring surface and adjusts the collection cycle of the integrated module (20); When an external disturbance (40) acts on the tunnel, the monitoring and analysis platform (30) analyzes the first monitoring signal from the monitoring array (10) to determine the range of the disturbance, and When the disturbance range of the tunnel is abnormal, the monitoring and analysis platform (30) analyzes the second monitoring signal from the monitoring array (10) to determine the safety level of the tunnel; Based on the disturbance range determined by the monitoring and analysis platform (30), the integrated module (20) adjusts the composition of the first sensor array (100) and the second sensor array (200) and the collection period of monitoring data, wherein the monitoring data is the values ​​of a plurality of interrelated strain sensors located at different positions and at different radial distances from the same position on the same monitoring surface and their value changes; The non-periodic arrangement of strain sensors in a tunnel comprises the following steps: a monitoring and analysis platform (30) analyzes first monitoring data of a first sensor array (100) to confirm stress distribution characteristics in the tunnel, thereby predicting the distribution positions of first strain sensors in the first sensor array (100); and the monitoring and analysis platform (30) synchronously analyzes monitoring data of first strain sensors in the first sensor array (100) and a second sensor array (200) to correct the distribution positions of second strain sensors in the second sensor array (200).

2. The tunnel structure monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring and analysis platform (30) determines the security level of the monitoring surface by including the following steps: Based on the value change of the associated strain sensor, the monitoring and analysis platform (30) confirms the first sensor array (100) and the second sensor array (200) associated with the monitoring surface; In response to changes in monitoring data of the monitoring surface caused by external disturbances (40), the monitoring analysis platform (30) synchronously analyzes the monitoring data of the first sensor array (100) and the second sensor array (200) to thereby determine the safety level of the tunnel where the monitoring surface is located.

3. A tunnel structure monitoring device using the tunnel structure monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: include: A monitoring array (10) for monitoring tunnel stress and deformation, wherein a plurality of strain sensors in the monitoring array (10) are configured to collect monitoring signals from the tunnel wall based on a collection cycle instruction issued by an integrated module (20); An integrated module (20) coupled to the monitoring array (10) for collecting monitoring signals of the monitoring array (10), configured to adjust a collection cycle and a strain sensor based on a safety level determined by a monitoring analysis platform (30); A monitoring analysis platform (30) coupled to the integrated module (20) for analyzing monitoring signals, configured to analyze the monitoring signals to determine the safety level of the monitoring surface and adjust the collection cycle of the integrated module (20); The monitoring array (10) comprises a first sensor array (100) having a first acquisition range and a second sensor array (200) having a second acquisition range, and first monitoring data transmitted by the first sensor array (100) and second monitoring data transmitted by the second sensor array (200) are associated data collected by the integrated module (20) based on the same external disturbance (40); When an external disturbance (40) acts on the tunnel, the monitoring and analysis platform (30) analyzes the first monitoring signal from the monitoring array (10) to determine the range of the disturbance, and When the disturbance range of the tunnel is abnormal, the monitoring and analysis platform (30) analyzes the second monitoring signal from the monitoring array (10) to determine the safety level of the tunnel; Based on the disturbance range determined by the monitoring and analysis platform (30), the integrated module (20) adjusts the composition of the first sensor array (100) and the second sensor array (200) and the collection period of monitoring data, wherein the monitoring data is the values ​​of a plurality of interrelated strain sensors located at different positions on the same monitoring surface and at different radial distances from the same position and their value changes.

4. The tunnel structure monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The monitoring and analysis platform (30) confirms the monitoring subarray associated with the monitoring surface based on the value change of the associated strain sensor, and further determines the safety level of the monitoring surface through the first monitoring data and the second monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring subarray.

5. The tunnel structure monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: In response to changes in monitoring data of the monitoring surface caused by external disturbances (40), the monitoring analysis platform (30) synchronously analyzes the first monitoring data and the second monitoring data, and then adjusts the parameters of the first monitoring data and the second monitoring data, at least including the collection period, according to the corrected safety level of the monitoring surface.

6. The tunnel structure monitoring device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The monitoring array (10) comprises a first sensor array (100) and a second sensor array (200), wherein: The first sensor array (100) is configured to receive a first monitoring signal located within a first range of a first monitoring surface. The second sensor array (200) is configured to receive a second monitoring signal located within a second range of the first monitoring surface, and The distribution positions of the strain sensors of the second sensor array (200) are determined by the monitoring and analysis platform (30) based on analysis of tunnel stress distribution characteristics.

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