Shearer drum tooth seat positioning detection device and detection method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a positioning detection device and a detection method for a shearer drum tooth socket. The detection device is a shaft-like part, including a head and a shank. The shank is of a cylindrical structure, and the head is a dumbbell-shaped structure formed by connecting a sphere and a hemisphere at both ends of a middle rod. The sphere is located at the free end of the head, and the hemisphere is connected to the shank. The spherical surface on the hemisphere is connected to the middle rod. The radius of the hemisphere is greater than the radius of the sphere and the radius of the shank. The center distance between the sphere and the hemisphere is equal to the length of the pick protruding from the tooth shank of the tooth socket to be measured. The diameter of the shank is equal to the diameter of the tooth shank of the pick of the tooth socket to be measured. The detection method is to replace the picks of the drum with the detection device, and use a coordinate measuring machine to measure the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere on the detection device. The line connecting the two centers represents the actual orientation of the tooth socket, and is compared with the design parameters of the drum. The present invention can quickly, accurately and comprehensively detect the positioning position and its accuracy of the shearer drum tooth socket.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an auxiliary detection device for positioning a shearer drum tooth seat and a detection method for positioning a shearer drum tooth seat using the detection device, belonging to the technical field of coal mining machinery. Background Art

[0002] As Figure 1 shown, the shearer drum tooth seats 3 are distributed on the outer circumference of the drum body in a certain orientation. The axes of the blade tooth seats are all located on the horizontal plane and deflect in the same rotational direction in the circumferential direction, while the position of the end disc tooth seats is more complex, having both an upward turning angle and a torsional angle. In summary, the drum tooth seats are all spatially positioned.

[0003] The relevant parameters for measuring the positioning position and its accuracy of the tooth seats (see MT / T 321 - 2004 "Shearer Spiral Drums") include: tooth seat positioning angle, drum diameter, total radial runout of tooth tip, radial circular runout of tooth tip, axial runout of tooth tip, cutting line distance, end disc tooth drop, cutting width.

[0004] The relevant parameters of the positioning position and its accuracy of the tooth seats are important consideration indicators for the drum performance. If the tooth seat positioning is inaccurate and the installation position and accuracy of the pick 4 exceed the tolerance, it will cause a large deviation in the force during the drum cutting process, greatly reducing the drum life, and at the same time, it will also affect the life of the shearer.

[0005] Currently, the inspection method for the positioning situation of the shearer tooth seats is as follows: Make a special tool. By placing the drum in the special tool, measure the cutting line distance of the tooth tip and the outer diameter of the tooth tip. For the end disc teeth with complex angles, the measurement method is more complex. It is necessary to measure the angle multiple times and obtain the positioning angle through conversion. The calculation and measurement process is relatively long, and the error of the tooth seat positioning parameters measured by this method is also relatively large. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection device and a detection method for positioning a shearer drum tooth seat, which can quickly, accurately and comprehensively detect the positioning position and its accuracy of the shearer drum tooth seat.

[0007] The main technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A detection device for positioning a shearer drum tooth seat, which is a shaft - like part, includes a head and a shank. The shank is a cylindrical structure, and the head is a dumbbell - shaped structure formed by connecting a sphere and a hemisphere at both ends of an intermediate rod. The sphere is located at the free end of the head, the hemisphere is connected to the shank, the spherical surface on the hemisphere is connected to the intermediate rod, the radius of the hemisphere is greater than the radius of the sphere and also greater than the radius of the shank, the center - to - center distance between the sphere and the hemisphere is equal to the length of the pick extending from the tooth shank of the to - be - measured tooth seat, and the diameter of the shank is equal to the diameter of the tooth shank of the pick of the to - be - measured tooth seat.

[0009] The tolerance of the diameter of the handle is h7.

[0010] The positioning and detecting device for the shearer drum tooth socket is of an integral structure.

[0011] A method for positioning and detecting the shearer drum tooth socket. Replace the pick on the drum with the positioning and detecting device for the shearer drum tooth socket, use a coordinate measuring machine to measure the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere on the positioning and detecting device for the shearer drum tooth socket. The orientation of the line connecting the two center points represents the actual installation orientation of the corresponding tooth socket. Then compare this actual installation orientation with the theoretical orientation of the drum tooth socket to judge the position and its accuracy of the actual installation orientation of the tooth socket.

[0012] The method for positioning and detecting the shearer drum tooth socket may include the following steps:

[0013] S1. After removing the picks from the shearer drum, place it on the turntable of the coordinate measuring machine, adjust the position to make the axis of the drum coincide with the axis of the turntable, and select a point on the axis of the drum as the measurement coordinate origin.

[0014] S2. For each tooth socket from which the pick has been removed, install the positioning and detecting device for the shearer drum tooth socket with the corresponding specification on the corresponding tooth socket, and use the coordinate measuring machine to measure the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere on the positioning and detecting device for the shearer drum tooth socket.

[0015] S3. Export all the center coordinates from the coordinate measuring machine, and then import all the center coordinates into 3D software to obtain a set of space lines corresponding to each tooth socket one by one. Each of the space lines is a line segment with the coordinate points corresponding to the center coordinates of the corresponding sphere and hemisphere as endpoints.

[0016] S4. Use the following method to calculate the relevant parameters for tooth socket positioning:

[0017] Step a: Import the designed 3D model of the shearer drum into the 3D software file where the set of space lines is located, place the designed 3D model in the 3D software according to the coordinate definition rules in step S1. The axis of each tooth socket in the designed 3D model represents the designed position of the corresponding tooth socket. Directly observe or combine with the built-in measuring tools in the 3D software to measure and compare the position differences between the space lines and the axes of the corresponding tooth sockets in the designed 3D model, and find one or several space lines with the largest deviation or relatively large deviations.

[0018] Step b: Generate two-dimensional diagrams using the set of space lines, including a front view with the projection direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the drum and an axial view with the projection direction along the axis direction of the drum. The projection direction of the front view is determined according to the orientation of the space lines with the largest or relatively large deviation determined in step a, and the determination principle is that the deviation is obvious and convenient for measurement in this projection direction; draw a straight line connection of the tips of the picks of each tooth socket of the designed three-dimensional model in the front view to obtain a cutting line, and then use the front view to measure the cutting line distance, the axial runout of the pick tip, and the cutting width. Use the axial view to measure the tooth socket positioning angle, the drum diameter, the total radial runout of the pick tip, the circular radial runout of the pick tip, and the drop of the end disc teeth. Among them, calculate the difference between 90° and the cutting angle a to obtain the tooth socket positioning angle, and compare each parameter measured above with the corresponding parameter of the designed two-dimensional diagram to determine whether the positioning parameters of the drum meet the standards.

[0019] In step S2, when installing the coal shearer drum tooth socket positioning detection device, install the coal shearer drum tooth socket positioning detection device on the tooth socket or tooth sleeve, and press the circular ring surface at the connection between the upper head and the handle of the coal shearer drum tooth socket positioning detection device against the end face of the tooth socket or tooth sleeve.

[0020] In step S2, use the spherical surfaces of the sphere and the hemisphere on the coal shearer drum tooth socket positioning detection device as the characteristic measurement surfaces respectively, and use the probe of the coordinate measuring machine to measure any three points on the spherical surfaces of the sphere and the hemisphere respectively. The coordinate measuring machine automatically calculates the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere.

[0021] In step S3, save all the center coordinates derived from the coordinate measuring machine to Excel.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The coal shearer drum tooth socket positioning detection device of the present invention is an auxiliary tool for detecting the positioning of the coal shearer drum tooth socket, with a simple structure, flexible and convenient to use, and can be used to simulate the center line of the pick. By quickly detecting the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere on the device using a coordinate measuring machine, the simulation of the installation orientation of the pick can be realized, and at the same time, it also represents the installation orientation of the corresponding tooth socket.

[0024] By adopting the coal shearer drum tooth socket positioning detection device and implementing the coal shearer drum tooth socket positioning detection method of the present invention, the detection efficiency and detection accuracy of the positioning position and its accuracy of the coal shearer drum tooth socket are significantly improved. Moreover, both the blade tooth socket and the end disc tooth socket can be measured. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the coal shearer drum;

[0026] Figure 2Schematic diagram of a structural embodiment of the positioning and detecting device for the drum tooth socket of a shearer;

[0027] Figure 3 Flowchart of an embodiment of the method for positioning and detecting the drum tooth socket of a shearer;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the set of the space lines;

[0029] Figure 5 Front view of the set of the space lines;

[0030] Figure 6 Axial view of the set of the space lines;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a structural embodiment of a pick;

[0032] Reference signs:

[0033] 1. Head, 2. Shank, 11. Sphere, 12. Intermediate rod, 13. Hemisphere, 3. Tooth socket, 4. Pick, 5. Space line. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The present invention discloses a positioning and detecting device for the drum tooth socket of a shearer (which can be simply referred to as the positioning and detecting device). As shown in Figure 2 、 7 , it is a shaft part in a rotary body part, including a head 1 and a shank 2. The shank is of a cylindrical structure. The head is a dumbbell-shaped structure formed by connecting a sphere 11 and a hemisphere 13 at both ends of an intermediate rod 12. The sphere is located at the free end of the head, and the hemisphere is connected to the shank. The spherical surface on the hemisphere is connected to the intermediate rod. The radius SR2 of the hemisphere is greater than the radius SR1 of the sphere and also greater than half of the radius d of the shank. The interface surface where the hemisphere is connected to the shank is an annular surface on the hemisphere, and this annular surface is the axial reference surface of the positioning and detecting device and is used as the axial positioning reference when the positioning and detecting device is installed on the tooth socket. The center of the sphere of the hemisphere is located at the center of the annular surface. The center distance P between the sphere and the hemisphere is equal to the length K of the pick 4 extending out of the tooth shank of the to-be-detected tooth socket, and the diameter d of the shank is equal to the diameter M of the tooth shank of the pick of the to-be-detected tooth socket. d, P, SR1, and SR2 are the characteristic parameters of the positioning and detecting device, and different value combinations of these characteristic parameters correspond to different specifications of the positioning and detecting device. Different specifications of the positioning and detecting device are for different combinations of tooth sockets and picks.

[0035] The tolerance of the diameter of the shank is preferably h7, which can facilitate the installation of the shank of the positioning and detecting device into the tooth socket without shaking, so as to ensure the measurement accuracy during the positioning detection of the tooth socket.

[0036] The positioning and detection device for the shearer drum tooth socket is usually of an integral structure.

[0037] The surfaces of the sphere and the hemisphere generally need to be hardened.

[0038] The present invention also discloses a method for positioning and detecting the shearer drum tooth socket, which is to replace the pick on the drum with the positioning and detection device for the shearer drum tooth socket, use a coordinate measuring machine to measure the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere on the positioning and detection device for the shearer drum tooth socket, the orientation of the line connecting the two center points represents the actual installation orientation of the corresponding tooth socket, and then compare this actual installation orientation with the theoretical orientation of the drum tooth socket to judge the position and accuracy of the actual installation orientation of the tooth socket.

[0039] As Figure 3 shown, the method for positioning and detecting the shearer drum tooth socket may include the following steps:

[0040] S1. After removing the picks from the shearer drum, place it on the turntable of the coordinate measuring machine, adjust the position to make the axis of the drum coincide with the axis of the turntable, and select a point on the axis of the drum as the measurement coordinate origin.

[0041] S2. For each tooth socket from which the pick has been removed, install the positioning and detection device for the shearer drum tooth socket of the corresponding specification on the corresponding tooth socket, that is, install the tooth socket tooling, and use a coordinate measuring machine to measure the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere on the positioning and detection device for the shearer drum tooth socket.

[0042] When installing the positioning and detection device for the shearer drum tooth socket, the positioning and detection device for the shearer drum tooth socket can be installed on the tooth socket or the tooth sleeve, and the circular ring surface at the connection between the head and the shank of the positioning and detection device for the shearer drum tooth socket is pressed against the end surface of the tooth socket or the tooth sleeve. For the structure where the pick is directly installed on the tooth socket, the shank of the positioning and detection device is installed in the tooth shank installation hole of the tooth socket; for the structure where the pick is installed on the tooth socket through the tooth sleeve, the shank of the positioning and detection device is installed in the inner hole of the tooth sleeve, and the tooth sleeve is installed in the tooth sleeve installation hole of the tooth socket.

[0043] Take the spherical surfaces on the sphere and the hemisphere of the positioning and detection device for the shearer drum tooth socket as the characteristic measurement surfaces respectively, use the probe of the coordinate measuring machine to measure any three points on the spherical surfaces of the sphere and the hemisphere respectively, and the coordinate measuring machine automatically calculates the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere.

[0044] Generally, a measurement is taken after the positioning detection device is installed on one tooth socket, and then the positioning detection device is installed on the next shearer drum tooth socket. To ensure that the positioning of all tooth sockets can be detected, in this embodiment, after measuring each tooth socket, it is checked and judged whether all tooth sockets have been measured. If not, the positioning detection device is continuously installed on the next tooth socket, and then the measurement is carried out; if all tooth sockets have been measured, step S3 is executed.

[0045] S3. Import coordinate points for 3D software modeling: Export all the center coordinates of the spheres from the coordinate measuring instrument, and then import all the center coordinates of the spheres into the 3D software to obtain a set of spatial lines 5 corresponding one by one to each tooth socket (see Figure 4 ). Each of the spatial lines is a line segment with the coordinate points corresponding to the center coordinates of the corresponding sphere and hemisphere as endpoints, and each spatial line represents the actual orientation of a tooth socket.

[0046] All the center coordinates of the spheres exported from the coordinate measuring instrument are preferably saved in Excel.

[0047] S4. The following method is used to calculate the parameters related to the tooth socket positioning:

[0048] Step a: Import the designed 3D model of the shearer drum into the 3D software file where the set of the spatial lines is located, and place the designed 3D model in the 3D software according to the definition rules of the coordinate system in step S1, so that the axes of the designed 3D model of the drum and the physical object of the drum coincide, and the reference points (i.e., the positions where the coordinate origin is located) on the axial direction coincide. The axes of each tooth socket in the designed 3D model represent the designed positions of the corresponding tooth sockets. Directly observe or, in combination with the measurement tools built in the 3D software, measure and compare the positions of the spatial lines and the axes of the corresponding tooth sockets in the designed 3D model, and find one or several spatial lines with the largest deviation or relatively large deviations. This method can most intuitively and quickly find the tooth sockets with the largest or relatively large position deviations, narrow the range of the tooth sockets to be measured for the further accurate measurement of some parameters or even specifically indicate a certain tooth socket as the target tooth socket to be measured, thereby reducing the number of accurate measurements and improving the efficiency. This method requires the designed 3D model of the shearer drum to be relatively accurate so that the 3D model can be surveyed and mapped.

[0049] Step b: Generate a 2D drawing with the set of the spatial lines, including a front view with the projection direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the drum (see Figure 5 ) and an axial view with the projection direction along the axis direction of the drum (see Figure 6) Among them, the projection direction of the front view is preferably determined according to the orientation of the spatial straight line with the largest or relatively large deviation determined in step a. The determination principle is that the deviation is obvious and convenient for measurement in this projection direction. Draw a straight line connecting the tips of the picks of each tooth socket of the designed 3D model in the front view, that is, the horizontal long straight line in the figure, to obtain the cutting line, which expresses the theoretical orientation of each tooth socket and the axial coordinates of the theoretical positions of the tips of each pick. The horizontal short straight line in the figure is the projection of the spatial straight line, which expresses the actual orientation of each tooth socket and the axial coordinates of the actual positions of the tips of each pick. The front view is used to measure various parameters related to axial coordinates, including: cutting line distance L, tip axial runout B, and cutting width W. The axial view is used to measure various parameters related to radial coordinates, including: tooth socket positioning angle, drum diameter, tip radial total runout, tip radial circular runout, and end disc tooth drop. Compare the measured parameters with the corresponding parameters in the designed 2D drawing to determine whether the positioning parameters of the drum meet the standards.

[0050] The specific measurement is carried out according to the calculation methods of the parameters in the corresponding standards. Taking the tip radial circular runout as an example, the maximum value of the radial coordinate of the tip of a pick on a certain cutting line in the axial view is Dmax / 2, and the minimum value is Dmin / 2. Then, the tip radial circular runout on this cutting line can be obtained as Dmax / 2 - Dmin / 2. Another example is that if the cutting angle of a pick is a, the positioning angle of the corresponding tooth socket can be obtained by calculating 90 - a.

[0051] For the measurement of the cutting line distance L and the tip axial runout B, since the range of the target tooth sockets to be measured is greatly reduced after step a, that is, it is not necessary to measure each tooth socket one by one, the measurement efficiency is significantly improved.

Claims

1. A positioning and detection device for a drum tooth seat of a shearer, characterized in that: It is a shaft - type part, including a head and a shank. The shank is of a cylindrical structure. The head is a dumbbell - shaped structure formed by connecting a sphere and a hemisphere at both ends of a middle rod. The sphere is located at the free end of the head, the hemisphere is connected to the shank, the spherical surface on the hemisphere is connected to the middle rod, the radius of the hemisphere is greater than the radius of the sphere and also greater than the radius of the shank. The center - to - center distance between the sphere and the hemisphere is equal to the length that the pick of the to - be - measured tooth socket projects out of the tooth shank, and the diameter of the shank is equal to the diameter of the tooth shank of the pick of the to - be - measured tooth socket.

2. The coal shearer drum tooth socket positioning and detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tolerance of the diameter of the shank is h7.

3. The coal shearer drum tooth seat positioning and detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It is of an integral structure.

4. A positioning and detection method for the drum tooth seat of a coal shearer, characterized in that: Replace the picks on the drum with the coal - mining shearer drum tooth - socket positioning and detecting device described in claim 1, 2 or 3. Use a coordinate measuring machine to measure the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere on the coal - mining shearer drum tooth - socket positioning and detecting device. The orientation of the line connecting the two centers represents the actual installation orientation of the corresponding tooth socket. Then compare this actual installation orientation with the theoretical orientation of the drum tooth socket to judge the position and its accuracy of the actual installation orientation of the tooth socket.

5. The positioning detection method of the shearer drum tooth socket according to claim 4, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Place the coal - mining shearer drum without picks on the turntable of the coordinate measuring machine, adjust the position to make the axis of the drum coincide with the axis of the turntable, and select a point on the axis of the drum as the measurement coordinate origin. S2. For each tooth socket without a pick, install the coal - mining shearer drum tooth - socket positioning and detecting device described in claim 1, 2 or 3 with the corresponding specification on the corresponding tooth socket, and use a coordinate measuring machine to measure the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere on the coal - mining shearer drum tooth - socket positioning and detecting device. S3. Export all the center coordinates from the coordinate measuring machine, and then import all the center coordinates into 3D software to obtain a set of space lines corresponding to each tooth socket one by one. Each of the space lines is a line segment with the coordinate points corresponding to the center coordinates of the corresponding sphere and hemisphere as endpoints. S4. The following method is used to calculate the parameters related to tooth - socket positioning: Step a: Import the designed 3D model of the coal - mining shearer drum into the 3D software file where the set of space lines is located, and place the designed 3D model in the 3D software according to the definition rules of the coordinate system in step S1. The axis of each tooth socket in the designed 3D model represents the designed position of the corresponding tooth socket. Directly observe or use the built - in measuring tools in the 3D software to measure and compare the position differences between the space lines and the axes of the corresponding tooth sockets in the designed 3D model, and find one or several space lines with the largest deviation or relatively large deviations. Step b: Generate a 2D drawing with the set of space lines, including a front view with the projection direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the drum and an axial view with the projection direction along the axis direction of the drum. The projection direction of the front view is determined according to the orientation of the space line with the largest or relatively large deviation determined in step a. The determination principle is that the deviation is obvious and convenient for measurement in this projection direction. Draw the straight-line connection of the tips of the picks on each pick holder of the designed 3D model in the front view to obtain a cutting line. Then, use the front view to measure the cutting line distance, the axial runout of the pick tip, and the cutting width, and use the axial view to measure the pick holder positioning angle, the drum diameter, the total radial runout of the pick tip, the radial circular runout of the pick tip, and the end disc pick drop. Among them, calculate the difference between 90° and the cutting angle α to obtain the pick holder positioning angle. Compare the above measured parameters with the corresponding parameters of the designed 2D drawing to determine whether the positioning parameters of the drum meet the standards.

6. The positioning and detection method of the shearer drum tooth socket according to claim 5, wherein: In step S2, when installing the coal shearer drum pick holder positioning detection device, install the coal shearer drum pick holder positioning detection device on the pick holder or the pick sleeve, and make the circular ring surface at the connection between the upper head and the handle of the coal shearer drum pick holder positioning detection device press against the end face of the pick holder or the pick sleeve.

7. The positioning and detection method for the drum tooth seat of a coal shearer according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, use the spherical surfaces on the sphere and the hemisphere of the coal shearer drum pick holder positioning detection device as the characteristic measurement surfaces respectively. Use the probe of the coordinate measuring machine to measure any three points on the spherical surfaces of the sphere and the hemisphere respectively, and the coordinate measuring machine automatically calculates the center coordinates of the sphere and the hemisphere.

8. The coal shearer drum tooth socket positioning and detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, save all the center coordinates derived from the coordinate measuring machine to Excel.

Images