Positioning method and device based on non-standalone unlicensed band in NR V2X

Abstract

A method for operating a first device (100) in a wireless communication system is presented. The method may include the following steps: receiving a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning from a second device (200) via a first frequency band; determining a second frequency band from the at least one candidate frequency band based on the number of devices existing in each candidate frequency band and a value related to a communication range based on the first device (100); transmitting a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second device (200) via the first frequency band; and transmitting a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the second device (200) via the second frequency band based on the information related to positioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. Background Art

[0002] Side Link (SL) communication is a communication scheme in which a direct link is established between User Equipments (UEs) and the UEs exchange voice and data directly with each other without intervention of an evolved Node B (eNB). SL communication is being considered as a solution to eNB overhead caused by the rapid growth of data traffic.

[0003] V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) refers to the communication technology used by vehicles to exchange information with other vehicles, pedestrians, and infrastructure-equipped objects. V2X can be categorized into four types: V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle), V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure), V2N (Vehicle-to-Network), and V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian). V2X communication can be provided via the PC5 interface and / or the Uu interface.

[0004] Furthermore, as more and more communication devices require greater communication capacity, enhanced mobile broadband communications compared to traditional radio access technologies (RATs) are needed. Therefore, communication system designs that take into account reliability- and latency-sensitive UEs or services are also under discussion, and next-generation radio access technologies that take into account enhanced mobile broadband communications, massive machine-to-machine communication (MTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) can be referred to as new RATs (radio access technologies) or NRs (new radios). NRs can also support V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communications.

[0005] Figure 1 This diagram describes NR-based V2X communication compared to V2X communication based on RATs used before NR. Figure 1 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0006] Regarding V2X communication, when discussing RATs used prior to NR, the focus is on solutions that provide safety services based on V2X messages such as BSM (Basic Safety Message), CAM (Cooperation Awareness Message), and DENM (Decentralized Environment Notification Message). V2X messages may include location information, dynamic information, attribute information, etc. For example, a UE may send a periodic CAM message type and / or an event-triggered DENM message type to another UE.

[0007] For example, a CAM can include basic vehicle information such as vehicle dynamic status information such as direction and speed, vehicle static data such as dimensions, external lighting conditions, and route details. For example, a UE can broadcast a CAM, and the CAM latency can be less than 100ms. For example, when an unexpected situation such as a vehicle breakdown or accident occurs, the UE can generate a DENM and send it to another UE. For example, all vehicles within the UE's transmission range can receive the CAM and / or DENM. In this case, the DENM can have a higher priority than the CAM.

[0008] Since then, various V2X scenarios have been proposed for NR regarding V2X communications, including vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, and remote driving.

[0009] For example, based on vehicle platooning, vehicles can be dynamically grouped and moved together. For example, to perform platooning operations based on vehicle platooning, vehicles in a group can receive periodic data from a leading vehicle. For example, vehicles in the group can use this periodic data to reduce or increase the distance between vehicles.

[0010] For example, based on improved driving, vehicles can be semi-autonomous or fully autonomous. For example, each vehicle can adjust its trajectory or maneuver based on data obtained from local sensors of neighboring vehicles and / or neighboring logical entities. In addition, for example, each vehicle can share driving intentions with neighboring vehicles.

[0011] For example, based on the extended sensors, raw data or processed data or live video data obtained by local sensors can be exchanged between vehicles, logical entities, pedestrian terminals and / or V2X application servers. For example, the vehicle can recognize an improved environment compared to the environment it can detect using its own sensors.

[0012] For example, remote driving can be used to operate or control a remote vehicle for a person unable to drive or in a dangerous environment. For example, when routes are predictable, such as in public transportation, cloud-based driving can be used to operate or control the remote vehicle. Furthermore, access to a cloud-based backend service platform for remote driving can be considered.

[0013] Meanwhile, methods for specifying service requirements for various V2X scenarios such as vehicle platooning, enhanced driving, extended sensors, and remote driving are being discussed in NR-based V2X communications. Summary of the Invention

[0014] Technical Solution

[0015] According to an embodiment, a method for operating a first device 100 in a wireless communication system is proposed. The method may include: receiving a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and positioning-related information from a second device 200 via a first frequency band; determining a second frequency band from the at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first device 100 and the number of devices present in each candidate frequency band; transmitting a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second device 200 via the first frequency band; and transmitting a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the second device 200 via the second frequency band based on the positioning-related information.

[0016] Technical Effects

[0017] A user equipment (UE) is able to efficiently perform SL communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates NR-based V2X communication compared to RAT-based V2X communication used before NR.

[0019] Figure 2 The structure of the NR system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 The radio protocol architecture according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 The structure of the NR radio frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 5 The structure of the time slot of the NR frame based on the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 An example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 7 A UE performing V2X or SL communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 8 A process of performing V2X or SL communication by a UE based on a transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 9 Three broadcast types based on embodiments of the present disclosure are shown.

[0027] Figure 10An example of an architecture in a 5G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, in which positioning of a UE connected to a Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN is possible.

[0028] Figure 11 An example of an implementation of a network for measuring the position of a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 12 An example of a protocol layer for supporting LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) message transmission between an LMF and a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 13 An example of protocol layers for supporting NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between LMF and NG-RAN nodes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 14 An Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) positioning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0032] Figure 15 The following illustrates a process in which a UE performs positioning according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 16 A process of performing wireless communication by a first device is shown.

[0034] Figure 17 A process in which the second device performs wireless communication is shown.

[0035] Figure 18 A communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0036] Figure 19 A wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0037] Figure 20 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0038] Figure 21 Another example of a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0039] Figure 22 A handheld device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0040] Figure 23 A vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In this specification, "A or B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In other words, in this specification, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in this specification, "A, B or C" may mean "only A", "only B", "only C", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0042] As used in this specification, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B". Thus, "A / B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C".

[0043] In this specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. In addition, in this specification, the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted as “at least one of A and B”.

[0044] In addition, in this specification, “at least one of A, B, and C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.” In addition, “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B, and / or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C.”

[0045] In addition, the brackets used in this specification may mean "for example". Specifically, when it is indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", this may mean that "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information". In other words, the "control information" of this specification is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information". Specifically, when it is indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", this may also mean that "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information".

[0046] The technical features described separately in one drawing in this specification may be implemented separately or simultaneously.

[0047] The techniques described below can be used in various wireless communication systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), etc. CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), etc. IEEE 802.16m is an evolved version of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility for systems based on IEEE 802.16e. UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) that uses E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE uses OFDMA in the downlink and SC-FDMA in the uplink. LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of LTE.

[0048] 5G NR is a successor technology to LTE-A, a new mobile communication system with high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can use all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, intermediate frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high-frequency bands (millimeter waves) above 24 GHz.

[0049] For clarity of description, the following description will mainly focus on LTE-A or 5G NR. However, the technical features of the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0050] Figure 2 The structure of the NR system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0051] Reference Figure 2, the next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) may include a BS 20 that provides user plane and control plane protocol termination for the UE 10. For example, the BS 20 may include a next generation Node B (gNB) and / or an evolved Node B (eNB). For example, the UE 10 may be fixed or mobile and may be referred to by other terms such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), a wireless device, etc. For example, the BS may be referred to as a fixed station that communicates with the UE 10 and may be referred to by other terms such as a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point (AP), etc.

[0052] Figure 2 The embodiment illustrates a case where only gNBs are included. BSs 20 may be connected to each other via an Xn interface. BSs 20 may be connected to each other via a fifth-generation (5G) core network (5GC) and an NG interface. More specifically, BSs 20 may be connected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) 30 via an NG-C interface, and may be connected to a user plane function (UPF) 30 via an NG-U interface.

[0053] The radio interface protocol layer between the UE and the network can be classified into Layer 1 (Layer 1, L1), Layer 2 (Layer 2, L2), and Layer 3 (Layer 3, L3) based on the lower three layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, which is well known in communication systems. The physical (PHY) layer belonging to Layer 1 provides information transfer services using physical channels, and the radio resource control (RRC) layer located at Layer 3 controls radio resources between the UE and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the base station layer.

[0054] Figure 3 A radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, Figure 3 (a) shows the radio protocol stack for the user plane of Uu communication, and Figure 3 (b) shows the radio protocol stack of the control plane for Uu communication. Figure 3 (c) shows the radio protocol stack of the user plane for SL communication, and Figure 3 (d) shows the radio protocol stack of the control plane for SL communication.

[0055] Reference Figure 3The physical layer provides information transfer services to upper layers via physical channels. The physical layer is connected to the media access control (MAC) layer, which is the upper layer of the physical layer, via transport channels. Data is transferred between the MAC layer and the physical layer via transport channels. Transport channels are categorized by how data is transmitted over the radio interface and the characteristics of the data transmitted.

[0056] Data is transferred between different physical layers (ie, the PHY layer of the transmitter and the PHY layer of the receiver) through a physical channel. The physical channel may be modulated using an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme and uses time and frequency as radio resources.

[0057] The MAC layer provides services to the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, a higher layer above the MAC layer, via logical channels. The MAC layer maps multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides logical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC layer provides data delivery services via logical channels.

[0058] The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of radio link control service data units (RLC SDUs). To ensure the different quality of service (QoS) required for radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three types of operation modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0059] The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer is defined only in the control plane. Furthermore, the RRC layer performs functions related to controlling physical channels, transport channels, and logical channels associated with the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. An RB is a logical path provided by Layer 1 (i.e., the physical layer or PHY layer) and Layer 2 (i.e., the MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer) to transmit data between the UE and the network.

[0060] The functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the user plane include transmission of user data, header compression and encryption. The functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the control plane include transmission and encryption / integrity protection of control plane data.

[0061] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer performs mapping between Quality of Service (QoS) flows and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs) and QoS Flow ID (QFI) marking in both DL and UL packets.

[0062] RB configuration refers to the process of specifying radio protocol layers and channel attributes to provide a specific service and determining corresponding detailed parameters and operation methods. RBs can then be classified into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). SRBs are used as a path for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, and DRBs are used as a path for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0063] When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the UE and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in the RRC connected (RRC_CONNECTED) state, otherwise the UE may be in the RRC idle (RRC_IDLE) state. In the case of NR, an RRC inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) state is additionally defined, and the UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state may maintain its connection with the core network while releasing its connection with the BS.

[0064] Data is sent from the network to the UE via a downlink transport channel. Examples of downlink transport channels include the broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and the downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting other user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services may be sent via the downlink SCH or may be sent via an additional downlink multicast channel (MCH). Data is sent from the UE to the network via an uplink transport channel. Examples of uplink transport channels include the random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and the uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages.

[0065] Logical channels belonging to a higher layer than the transport channel and mapped to the transport channel may include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), a multicast traffic channel (MTCH), etc.

[0066] Figure 4 The structure of the NR radio frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0067] Reference Figure 4 In NR, a radio frame can be used to perform uplink and downlink transmissions. The length of a radio frame is 10ms and can be defined as consisting of two half frames (HF). A half frame can include five 1ms subframes (SF). A subframe (SF) can be divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots within a subframe can be determined based on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each time slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0068] When using a normal CP, each time slot can include 14 symbols. When using an extended CP, each time slot can include 12 symbols. Herein, a symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or a CP-OFDM symbol) and a single carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbol (or a discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol).

[0069] Table 1 shown below shows the number of symbols (N) per slot based on the SCS setting (u) in the case of adopting a normal CP. slot symb ), the number of time slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ).

[0070] [Table 1]

[0071] <![CDATA[SCS(15*2 u )]]> <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]> <![CDATA[N frame,u slot ]]> <![CDATA[N subframe,u slot ]]> 15KHz (u=0) 14 10 1 30KHz (u=1) 14 20 2 60KHz (u=2) 14 40 4 120KHz (u=3) 14 80 8 240KHz (u=4) 14 160 16

[0072] Table 2 shows an example of the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe based on the SCS in the case of using the extended CP.

[0073] [Table 2]

[0074] <![CDATA[SCS(15*2 u )]]> <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]> <![CDATA[N frame,u slot ]]> <![CDATA[N subframe,u slot ]]> 60KHz (u=2) 12 40 4

[0075] In the NR system, OFDM(A) parameter sets (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be configured differently between multiple cells integrated into one UE. Therefore, the (absolute time) duration (or interval) of a time resource (e.g., subframe, time slot, or TTI) (collectively referred to as a time unit (TU) for simplicity) consisting of the same number of symbols may be configured differently in the integrated cells.

[0076] In NR, multiple parameter sets or SCSs can be supported to support various 5G services. For example, with an SCS of 15kHz, a wide range of traditional cellular frequency bands can be supported, and with an SCS of 30kHz / 60kHz, dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidths can be supported. With an SCS of 60kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25GHz can be used to overcome phase noise.

[0077] The NR frequency band can be defined as two different types of frequency ranges. The two different types of frequency ranges may be FR1 and FR2. The values ​​of the frequency ranges may be changed (or varied), for example, the two different types of frequency ranges may be as shown in Table 3 below. Among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 may mean "a range below 6 GHz", and FR2 may mean "a range above 6 GHz", and may also be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).

[0078] [Table 3]

[0079] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing (SCS) FR1 450MHz–6000MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz–52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0080] As described above, the value of the frequency range in the NR system can be changed (or varied). For example, as shown in Table 4 below, FR1 may include a bandwidth in the range of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. More specifically, FR1 may include frequency bands of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) and higher. For example, the frequency bands of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) and higher included in FR1 may include unlicensed frequency bands. The unlicensed frequency bands may be used for various purposes, for example, the unlicensed frequency bands are used for vehicle-specific communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0081] [Table 4]

[0082] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing (SCS) FR1 410MHz–7125MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz–52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0083] Figure 5 The structure of the time slot of the NR frame based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0084] Reference Figure 5 A slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of normal CP, one slot may include 14 symbols. For example, in the case of extended CP, one slot may include 12 symbols. Alternatively, in the case of normal CP, one slot may include 7 symbols. However, in the case of extended CP, one slot may include 6 symbols.

[0085] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 12 subcarriers). A bandwidth part (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and a BWP can correspond to a parameter set (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Data communication can be performed via activated BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid, and a complex symbol can be mapped to each element.

[0086] Hereinafter, the bandwidth part (BWP) and the carrier will be described in detail.

[0087] A BWP may be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) within a given parameter set. A PRB may be selected from a contiguous set of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given parameter set on a given carrier.

[0088] For example, the BWP can be one of an activated BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE cannot monitor the downlink radio link quality in DL BWPs other than the activated DL BWP within the primary cell (PCell). For example, the UE cannot receive PDCCH, physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) (except for RRM) from outside the activated DL BWP. For example, the UE cannot trigger channel state information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE cannot send physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) from outside the inactive DL BWP. For example, in the downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a set of contiguous RBs for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) control resource set (CORESET) (configured by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For example, in the uplink, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be configured by higher layers. For example, the initial value of the default BWP may be the initial DL BWP. To save energy, if the UE cannot detect downlink control information (DCI) within a predetermined period of time, the UE may switch the active BWP of the UE to the default BWP.

[0089] In addition, a BWP can be defined for SL. The same SL BWP can be used for transmission and reception. For example, a transmitting UE can transmit a SL channel or SL signal within a specific BWP, and a receiving UE can receive a SL channel or SL signal within the same specific BWP. In a licensed carrier, the SL BWP can be defined separately from the Uu BWP, and the SL BWP can have configuration signaling separate from the Uu BWP. For example, the UE can receive a configuration for the SL BWP from the BS / network. For example, the UE can receive a configuration for the Uu BWP from the BS / network. The SLBWP can be configured (in advance) for out-of-coverage NR V2X UEs and RRC_IDLE UEs. For UEs operating in RRC_CONNECTED mode, at least one SL BWP can be activated within the carrier.

[0090] Figure 6 An example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 The embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 6 In the embodiment, the number of BWPs is 3.

[0091] Reference Figure 6 , Common Resource Blocks (CRBs) may be carrier resource blocks numbered from one end of the carrier frequency band to the other. Additionally, PRBs may be resource blocks numbered within each BWP. Point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0092] It can be obtained by point A, the offset relative to point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) to configure the BWP. For example, point A can be an external reference point of the PRBs of a carrier, and subcarrier 0 of all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets supported by the network on the corresponding carrier) is aligned in point A. For example, the offset can be the PRB distance between the lowest subcarrier in a given parameter set and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given parameter set.

[0093] Hereinafter, V2X or SL communication will be described.

[0094] The side link synchronization signal (SLSS) may include a primary side link synchronization signal (PSSS) and a secondary side link synchronization signal (SSSS) as SL specific sequences. The PSSS may be referred to as a side link primary synchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS may be referred to as a side link secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example, an M sequence of length 127 may be used for the S-PSS, and a gold sequence of length 127 may be used for the S-SSS. For example, the UE may use the S-PSS for initial signal detection and synchronization acquisition. For example, the UE may use the S-PSS and the S-SSS for acquiring detailed synchronization and for detecting the synchronization signal ID.

[0095] The physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) can be a (broadcast) channel for transmitting default (system) information, which must be known by the UE before SL signal transmission / reception. For example, the default information can be information related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), time division duplex (TDD) uplink / downlink (UL / DL) configuration, information related to resource pool, type of application related to SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, in order to evaluate PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the payload size of PSBCH can be 56 bits, including a 24-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

[0096] S-PSS, S-SSS and PSBCH can be included in a block format that supports periodic transmission (e.g., SL synchronization signal (SS) / PSBCH block, hereinafter, sublink synchronization signal block (S-SSB)). The S-SSB can have the same parameter set (i.e., SCS and CP length) as the physical sublink control channel (PSCCH) / physical sublink shared channel (PSSCH) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth can exist within the (pre-) configured sublink (SL) BWP. For example, the S-SSB can have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (SBs). For example, the PSBCH can exist across 11 RBs. In addition, the frequency position of the S-SSB can be (pre-) configured. Therefore, the UE does not have to perform hypothesis detection at the frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0097] Figure 7 A UE performing V2X or SL communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0098] Reference Figure 7In V2X or SL communication, the term "UE" generally refers to a user's UE. However, if a network device such as a base station (BS) transmits / receives signals according to a communication scheme between UEs, the BS may also be considered a type of UE. For example, UE 1 may be first device 100, and UE 2 may be second device 200.

[0099] For example, UE 1 can select a resource unit corresponding to a specific resource from a resource pool representing a set of resources. Furthermore, UE 1 can transmit an SL signal using the resource unit. For example, a resource pool in which UE 1 can transmit a signal can be configured for UE 2, which is a receiving UE, and UE 1's signal can be detected in the resource pool.

[0100] Here, if UE 1 is within the connection range of the BS, the BS can inform UE 1 of the resource pool. Otherwise, if UE 1 is out of the connection range of the BS, another UE can inform UE 1 of the resource pool, or UE 1 can use a pre-configured resource pool.

[0101] Generally, a resource pool may be configured in units of multiple resources, and each UE may select one or more units of resources to use in its SL signaling.

[0102] Hereinafter, resource allocation in SL will be described.

[0103] Figure 8 A process of performing V2X or SL communication by a UE based on a transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 8 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with the various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the various embodiments of the present disclosure, a transmission mode may be referred to as a mode or a resource allocation mode. Hereinafter, for ease of explanation, in LTE, a transmission mode may be referred to as an LTE transmission mode. In NR, a transmission mode may be referred to as an NR resource allocation mode.

[0104] For example, Figure 8 (a) shows the UE operation related to LTE transmission mode 1 or LTE transmission mode 3. Alternatively, for example, Figure 8 (a) shows UE operations related to NR resource allocation mode 1. For example, LTE transmission mode 1 can be applied to conventional SL communication, and LTE transmission mode 3 can be applied to V2X communication.

[0105] For example, Figure 8 (b) shows the UE operation related to LTE transmission mode 2 or LTE transmission mode 4. Alternatively, for example, Figure 8 (b) shows the UE operation related to NR resource allocation mode 2.

[0106] Reference Figure 8 (a) In LTE transmission mode 1, LTE transmission mode 3, or NR resource allocation mode 1, the BS may schedule SL resources to be used by the UE for SL transmission. For example, the BS may perform resource scheduling for UE 1 through PDCCH (e.g., downlink control information (DCI)) or RRC signaling (e.g., configuration grant type 1 or configuration grant type 2), and UE 1 may perform V2X or SL communication with respect to UE 2 according to the resource scheduling. For example, UE 1 may transmit sidelink control information (SCI) to UE 2 through a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and thereafter transmit data based on the SCI to UE 2 through a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

[0107] Reference Figure 8 (b), in LTE transmission mode 2, LTE transmission mode 4 or NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE can determine the SL resources configured by the BS / network or the SL transmission resources within the pre-configured SL resources. For example, the configured SL resources or the pre-configured SL resources can be a resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the UE can perform SL communication by autonomously selecting resources in the configured resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select resources within the selection window by performing sensing and resource (re)selection processes. For example, sensing can be performed in units of subchannels. In addition, UE 1, which has autonomously selected resources in the resource pool, can send SCI to UE 2 via PSCCH, and thereafter send data based on the SCI to UE 2 via PSSCH.

[0108] Figure 9 Three broadcast types according to embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 9 The embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, Figure 9 (a) shows a broadcast type SL communication, Figure 9 (b) shows unicast type SL communication, and Figure 9 (c) shows multicast SL communication. In the case of unicast SL communication, the UE can perform one-to-one communication with another UE. In the case of multicast SL transmission, the UE can perform SL communication with one or more UEs in the group to which the UE belongs. In various embodiments of the present disclosure, SL groupcast communication can be replaced by SL multicast communication, SL one-to-many communication, etc.

[0109] Hereinafter, positioning will be described.

[0110] Figure 10An example of an architecture in a 5G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, in which positioning of a UE connected to a Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN is possible. Figure 10 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0111] refer to Figure 10 , the AMF may receive a request for location service related to a specific target UE from a different entity such as the Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) or may determine that the location service is to be started in the AMF itself instead of the specific target UE. The AMF may then send a location service request to the Location Management Function (LMF). Upon receiving the location service request, the LMF may process the location service request and return a processing request including the estimated position of the UE, etc. to the AMF. Meanwhile, if the location service request is received from a different entity such as the GMLC other than the AMF, the AMF may pass the processing request received from the LMF to the different entity.

[0112] The next generation evolved NB (ng-eNB) and gNB are network elements of the NG-RAN that can provide measurement results for position estimation, can measure radio signals for target UEs, and can pass the resulting values ​​to the LMF. In addition, the ng-eNB can control several transmission points (TPs) such as the remote radio head that supports the positioning reference signal (PRS)-based beacon system for E-UTRA or PRS-dedicated TPs.

[0113] The LMF may be connected to the Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC) and the E-SMLC may allow the LMF to access the E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC may allow the LMF to support Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), one of the positioning methods of the E-UTRAN, by using downlink measurement results obtained by the target UE through signals transmitted from the gNB and / or PRS dedicated TP in the E-UTRAN.

[0114] At the same time, the LMF can be connected to the SUPL Location Platform (SLP). The LMF can support and manage different location determination services for the corresponding target UE. The LMF can interact with the serving ng-eNB or serving gNB for the target UE to obtain the UE's location measurement results. For the positioning of the target UE, the LMF can determine the positioning method based on the location service (LCS) client type, the requested quality of service (QoS), the UE positioning capability, the gNB positioning capability and the ng-eNB positioning capability, etc., and can apply such positioning method to the serving gNB and / or serving ng-eNB. In addition, the LMF can determine additional information such as the position estimate of the target UE and the accuracy of the position estimate and velocity. The SLP is the secure user plane location (SUPL) entity responsible for positioning through the user plane.

[0115] The UE may measure downlink signals through NG-RAN, E-UTRAN and / or other sources such as: different global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and terrestrial beacon systems (TBS), wireless local access network (WLAN) access points, Bluetooth beacons, UE air pressure sensors, etc. The UE may include an LCS application. The UE may communicate with a network to which the UE can access, or the LCS application may be accessed by another application included in the UE. The LCS application may include measurement and calculation functions required to determine the position of the UE. For example, the UE may include an independent positioning function such as a global positioning system (GPS) and may report the position of the UE independent of NG-RAN transmissions. Positioning information obtained independently in this way may be used as auxiliary information for positioning information obtained from the network.

[0116] Figure 11 An example of an implementation of a network for measuring the position of a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 11 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0117] When the UE is in the Connection Management (CM)-Idle state, if the AMF receives a location service request, the AMF may establish a signaling connection with the UE and may request the network to trigger a service to allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. Figure 11 This operation process is omitted in Figure 11 It is assumed that the UE is in connected mode. However, due to signaling and data deactivation, the signaling connection may be released by the NG-RAN while performing the positioning procedure.

[0118] Will refer to Figure 11The network operation process for measuring the position of the UE is described in detail. In step S1110, a 5GC entity such as the GMLC may request the serving AMF to provide a location service for measuring the position of the target UE. However, even if the GMLC does not request the location service, the serving AMF may determine that the location service is required for measuring the position of the target UE based on step S1115. For example, in order to measure the position of the UE for an emergency call, the serving AMF may determine that the location service should be performed directly.

[0119] Thereafter, the AMF may send a location service request to the LMF based on step S1120, and the LMF may initiate a location procedure to obtain position measurement data or position measurement assistance data with the serving ng-eNB and the serving gNB. Additionally, based on step S1135, the LMF may initiate a location procedure for downlink positioning with the UE. For example, the LMF may send assistance data defined in 3GPP TS 36.355, or may obtain a position estimate or position measurement value. Meanwhile, step S1135 may be performed in addition to or instead of step S1130.

[0120] In step S1140, the LMF may provide a location service response to the AMF. In addition, the location service response may include information on whether the UE's position estimation is successful and the UE's position estimation value. Figure 11 The process is initiated by step S1110, then the AMF can deliver the location service response to the 5GC entity such as GMLC, and if Figure 11 The process is initiated by step S1115, and the AMF can use the location service response to provide location services related to emergency calls, etc.

[0121] Figure 12 An example of a protocol layer for supporting LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) message transmission between an LMF and a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 12 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0122] LPP PDU can be sent between AMF and UE via NAS PDU. Figure 12, LPP can terminate between a target device (e.g., a UE in the control plane or a SUPL-capable terminal (SET) in the user plane) and a location server (e.g., a LMF in the control plane and an SLP in the user plane). LPP messages can be delivered in the form of transparent PDUs over intermediate network interfaces using appropriate protocols such as: NG Application Protocol (NGAP) over the NG-Control (NG-C) interface and NAS / RRC over the NR-Uu interface. The LPP protocol can enable positioning for NR and LTE using various positioning methods.

[0123] For example, based on the LPP protocol, the target device and the location server can exchange mutual capability information, assistance data for positioning, and / or location information. In addition, LPP messages can be used to indicate the exchange of error information and / or the interruption of the LPP process.

[0124] Figure 13 An example of protocol layers for supporting NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between LMF and NG-RAN nodes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 13 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0125] refer to Figure 13 , NRPPa can be used for information exchange between the NG-RAN node and the LMF. Specifically, NRPPa can exchange the enhanced cell ID (E-CID) for measurement sent from the ng-eNB to the LMF, data for supporting the OTDOA positioning method, and the cell ID, cell location ID, etc. for the NR cell ID positioning method. Even if there is no information about the relevant NRPPa transaction, the AMF can route the NRPPa PDU based on the routing ID of the relevant LMR through the NG-C interface.

[0126] The procedures of the NRPPa protocol for location and data collection can be categorized into two types. The first type is a UE-related procedure for transferring information about a specific UE (e.g., position measurement information, etc.), while the second type is a non-UE-related procedure for transferring information applicable to NG-RAN nodes and related TPs (e.g., gNB / ng-eNB / TP timing information, etc.). Both types of procedures can be supported independently or simultaneously.

[0127] Meanwhile, examples of positioning methods supported in NG-RAN may include GNSS, OTDOA, enhanced cell ID (E-CID), air pressure sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning and terrestrial beacon system (TBS), uplink time difference of arrival (UTDOA), and the like.

[0128] (1) OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival)

[0129] Figure 14 An Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) positioning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 14 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0130] refer to Figure 14 The OTDOA positioning method uses the measured timing of downlink signals received by the UE from the eNB, ng-eNB, and multiple TPs, including PRS-dedicated TPs. The UE measures the timing of the received downlink signals using location assistance data received from a location server. Furthermore, the UE's position can be determined based on these measurements and the geographic coordinates of neighboring TPs.

[0131] A UE connected to a gNB may request measurement gaps from a TP for OTDOA measurements. If the UE cannot identify the single frequency network (SFN) of at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE may use autonomous gaps to obtain the SNF of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting measurement gaps to perform reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurements.

[0132] In this article, RSTD can be defined based on the minimum relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from the reference cell and the measurement cell, respectively. In other words, RSTD can be calculated based on the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe received from the measurement unit and the start time of the subframe of the reference unit closest to the start time of the subframe received from the measurement unit. At the same time, the reference cell can be selected by the UE.

[0133] For correct OTDOA measurement, it may be necessary to measure the time of arrival (TOA) of signals received from three or more geographically distributed TPs or BSs. For example, the TOA may be measured for each of TP1, TP2, and TP3, and the RSTD of TP1-TP2, the RSTD of TP2-TP3, and the RSTD of TP3-TP1 may be calculated for the three TOAs. Based on this, a geometric hyperbola may be determined, and the point where these hyperbolas intersect may be estimated as the UE's position. In this case, since the accuracy and / or uncertainty of each TOA measurement may exist, the estimated position of the UE may be referred to as a specific range based on the measurement uncertainty.

[0134] For example, the RSTD of the two TPs may be calculated based on Equation 1.

[0135] [Equation 1]

[0136]

[0137] In this paper, c can be the speed of light, {x t ,y t} can be the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, {x i ,y i} may be the coordinates of a (known) TP, and {x1, y1} may be the coordinates of a reference TP (or another TP). i -T1) is called the "real time difference (RTD)" which is the transmission time offset between two TPs, and n i , n1 can represent a value related to the UE TOA measurement error.

[0138] (2) E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0139] In the Cell ID (CID) positioning method, the UE's position can be measured using the geographic information of the UE's serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell. For example, the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and / or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.

[0140] At the same time, in addition to the CID positioning method, the E-CID positioning method can also use additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources to improve the UE's position estimate. In the E-CID positioning method, although some of the same measurement methods used in the measurement control system of the RRC protocol can be used, in general, additional measurements are not performed solely for UE position measurement. In other words, measurement configuration or measurement control messages may not be additionally provided to measure the UE's position. In addition, the UE may not expect to request additional measurement operations solely for position measurement and may report measurement values ​​obtained using measurement methods that the UE can generally perform measurements on.

[0141] For example, the serving gNB may implement the E-CID positioning method using E-UTRA measurements provided from the UE.

[0142] Examples of measurement elements that can be used for E-CID positioning may be as follows.

[0143] -UE measurements: E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx Time Difference, GSM EDGE Random Access Network (GERAN) / WLAN Reference Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), UTRAN Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Received Signal Code Power (RSCP), UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io

[0144] -E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference, timing advance (TADV), angle of arrival (AoA).

[0145] Herein, TADV can be classified into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.

[0146] TADV type 1 = (ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference) + (UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx time difference)

[0147] TADV type 2 = ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference

[0148] At the same time, AoA can be used to measure the direction of the UE. AoA can be defined as the estimated angle relative to the UE's orientation in a counterclockwise direction from the BS / TP. In this case, the geographic reference direction can be north. The BS / TP can use uplink signals such as the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and / or the Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement. In addition, the larger the antenna array is arranged, the higher the measurement accuracy of AoA. When the element antenna array is arranged at the same interval, the signals received from adjacent antennas can have a constant phase rotation.

[0149] (3) UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival)

[0150] UTDOA is a method for determining the UE's position by estimating the arrival time of the SRS. When the estimated SRS arrival time is calculated, the UE's position can be estimated by using the serving cell as a reference cell via the arrival time difference relative to another cell (or BS / TP). To implement UTDOA, the E-SMLC can indicate the serving cell of the target UE to indicate the SRS transmission to the target UE. In addition, the E-SMLC can provide configurations such as whether the SRS is periodic / aperiodic, bandwidth, frequency / group / sequence hopping, etc.

[0151] On the other hand, according to existing positioning operations, a positioning reference signal (PRS) is transmitted based on the Uu link between the base station and the UE in a licensed band, and measurement results such as ToA / TDoA are transmitted to a positioning server, and the positioning server can ultimately estimate the position of the UE. However, in the case of a licensed band, due to the increase in the transmission of video services, the bandwidth is becoming increasingly insufficient. Therefore, it may not be easy to allocate a separate bandwidth or transmission resource for positioning. As a method for solving this problem, a method of using the wide bandwidth of an unlicensed band for positioning may be possible. However, in the case of an unlicensed band, since devices using various types of systems can access the transmission channel through contention, the transmission of the PRS used for positioning in specific time resources and specific frequency resources may not always be guaranteed.

[0152] In the present disclosure, in order to solve the above problems, a non-independent positioning operation is proposed, in which the device performing positioning exchanges scheduling and related parameters related to positioning as auxiliary information through a licensed band or a dedicated band for an intelligent transportation system (ITS), and sends and measures PRS required for positioning through an unlicensed band.

[0153] According to the positioning method proposed in this disclosure, the UE can send positioning-related assistance information through the ITS band or the licensed band, and the UE can send PRS through the unlicensed band. The positioning solution proposed in this disclosure can be applied to Uu link or SL positioning solutions with or without a base station or positioning server.

[0154] Figure 15 The following illustrates a process in which a UE performs positioning according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 15 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0155] For the convenience of description, the operation of the UE on the ITS band or licensed band and the operation of the UE on the unlicensed band are described separately, but the operations of the UE can be combined. For the convenience of description, the target UE can be referred to as T-UE, and the server UE can be referred to as S-UE.

[0156] 1. UE operation in ITS band or licensed band

[0157] refer to Figure 15 In step S1510, the T-UE may request the neighboring UE to participate in positioning. For example, the T-UE may send a request message related to participating in positioning to the neighboring UE. For example, the request message may include the ID of the T-UE. For example, the ID of the T-UE may include at least one of an application ID, a source ID, a layer 1 ID, a layer 2 ID, a PRS ID, and / or a UE ID. For example, the request message may include candidate positioning methods (e.g., SL TDOA, etc.) and / or parameters (e.g., PRS BW, comb type / number of symbols, transmission time / number of times, etc.) to be used for positioning. For example, the request information may include information related to candidate unlicensed bands to be used for positioning (e.g., the number of unlicensed bands, BW, etc.). For example, the request message may include QoS information, which includes the required positioning accuracy or positioning latency requirements.

[0158] In step S1520, the UE that can respond to the request among the neighboring UEs can register as the S-UE in response to the T-UE. For example, the UE that can respond to the request among the neighboring UEs can send a response message to the T-UE in response to the request message. Figure 15In the embodiment of FIG, it is assumed that UE#1 and UE#2 can participate in positioning. Therefore, UE#1 and UE#2 can send a response message to the T-UE, and UE#1 and UE#2 can work as S-UE.

[0159] For example, the response message may include the ID of the S-UE. For example, the ID of the S-UE may include at least one of an application ID, a destination ID, a layer 1 ID, a layer 2 ID, a PRS ID, and / or a UE ID. For example, the response message may include positioning methods and / or parameters that can be supported by the S-UE among the candidate positioning methods and / or parameters sent by the T-UE.

[0160] For example, the response message may include information related to unlicensed bands that can be supported by the S-UE from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands transmitted by the T-UE. In this case, for example, the S-UE may select information related to unlicensed bands that can be supported by the S-UE from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands transmitted by the T-UE based on the bandwidth of the unlicensed bands that can be supported by the S-UE. For example, the S-UE may select information related to unlicensed bands that can be supported by the S-UE from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands transmitted by the T-UE based on the capabilities of the S-UE. For example, the S-UE may select information related to unlicensed bands that can be supported by the S-UE from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands transmitted by the T-UE based on the bandwidth of the unlicensed bands that can be supported by the T-UE. For example, the S-UE may select information related to unlicensed bands that can be supported by the S-UE from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands transmitted by the T-UE based on the bandwidth of the unlicensed bands that can be supported by the T-UE. For example, the S-UE may select information related to unlicensed bands from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands transmitted by the T-UE based on the channel busyness ratio (CBR) or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). For example, the S-UE may select information related to an unlicensed band having the lowest CBR or SINR from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands sent by the T-UE based on the CBR or SINR. For example, the S-UE may select information related to an unlicensed band in which the CBR or SINR is less than or equal to a specific CBR threshold or a specific SINR threshold from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands sent by the T-UE based on the CBR or SINR. Here, for example, the specific CBR threshold or the specific SINR threshold may be configured / sent by the T-UE to the S-UE, predefined for the T-UE and / or the S-UE, preconfigured / sent by the base station / network to the S-UE and / or the T-UE through higher layer signaling, or configured / sent. For example, the S-UE may select information related to an unlicensed band from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands sent by the T-UE based on sensing. For example, the S-UE may select, based on sensing, information related to an unlicensed band having a minimum number of UEs within a specific radius around the T-UE and / or the S-UE from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands transmitted by the T-UE. For example, based on sensing, the S-UE may select, based on sensing, information related to an unlicensed band having a minimum number of UEs within a specific radius around the T-UE and / or the S-UE, from among the information related to candidate unlicensed bands transmitted by the T-UE. Here, for example, the value related to the specific radius may be configured / transmitted by the T-UE to the S-UE, predefined for the T-UE and / or the S-UE, preconfigured / transmitted by the base station / network to the S-UE and / or the T-UE via higher layer signaling, or configured / transmitted.

[0161] In step S1530, a positioning group for performing positioning operations may be formed through the request of the T-UE and the response of the S-UE. Here, for example, the T-UE may configure / send a group member ID to the S-UE. For example, the group member ID of the S-UE that can first send a PRS to the T-UE in the positioning group may be configured / sent by the T-UE to the S-UE, predefined for the T-UE and / or S-UE, preconfigured / sent by the base station / network to the S-UE and / or T-UE via higher layer signaling, or configured / sent.

[0162] In step S1540, the T-UE may transmit a PRS to the S-UE, and the S-UE may transmit a PRS to the T-UE. For example, the T-UE may transmit a PRS to the S-UE via an unlicensed band, and the S-UE may transmit a PRS to the T-UE via an unlicensed band. For example, after the T-UE transmits the PRS to the S-UE, the S-UE may transmit a value based on the PRS measurement to the T-UE. For example, after the S-UE transmits the PRS to the T-UE, the T-UE may transmit a value based on the PRS measurement to the S-UE.

[0163] In step S1550, after the T-UE completes positioning calculations through operations within the positioning group, the T-UE may transmit information related to positioning completion to the S-UE. Consequently, the positioning group may be released. For example, if the T-UE does not receive a PRS from the S-UE via the unlicensed band within a time scheduled by the T-UE, the T-UE may count / start a failure timer related to the PRS. For example, when the failure timer value reaches a specific time threshold, the T-UE may release the positioning group. For example, when the waiting time for PRS reception from the S-UE is longer than the resource retention time, the T-UE may release the positioning group. For example, when the waiting time for PRS reception from the S-UE does not meet the positioning delay requirement, the T-UE may release the positioning group. For example, when the T-UE receives information / message / signal related to PRS transmission failure from the S-UE via the ITS band or the licensed band, the T-UE may release the positioning group. For example, the specific time threshold may be configured / sent by the T-UE to the S-UE, predefined for the T-UE and / or S-UE, preconfigured / sent by the base station / network to the S-UE and / or T-UE through higher layer signaling, or configured / sent.

[0164] 2. UE operation in unlicensed frequency bands

[0165] For example, a T-UE and an S-UE may form a positioning group in an ITS band or a licensed band, while the T-UE and the S-UE may perform operations required for positioning in an unlicensed band. In this case, for example, the T-UE may switch to a mode for scheduling PRS transmission resources and S-UE transmissions in the unlicensed band. For example, the T-UE may provide the S-UE with a resource pool related to PRS transmission resources that the S-UE can use in the unlicensed band, and the S-UE may select PRS transmission resources based on the provided resource pool.

[0166] For example, when a T-UE and / or S-UE transmits a PRS in an unlicensed band, based on a positioning method and transmission parameters agreed upon between the T-UE and the S-UE in an ITS band or a licensed band, the T-UE may sense the channel to transmit the PRS. If the channel is idle and / or available within a certain sensing time, the T-UE may broadcast a resource reservation signal to neighboring UEs to reserve transmission on the corresponding channel within a specific transmission time. For example, the resource reservation signal may allow the T-UE to reserve a specific time interval, reserve specific frequency resources, or reserve specific time and frequency resources. For example, the specific sensing time may be pre-defined for the T-UE, pre-configured / transmitted by the base station / network to the T-UE via higher layer signaling, or configured / transmitted.

[0167] For example, when a T-UE and / or S-UE transmits a PRS in an unlicensed band, the T-UE may configure / permit specific resources or a specific resource pool among reserved resources as resources to be used by the S-UE for PRS transmission based on the positioning method and transmission parameters agreed upon between the T-UE and the S-UE in an ITS band or a licensed band. For example, if a resource pool is configured for the S-UE, the S-UE can confirm through channel sensing that the T-UE has not yet transmitted a PRS to the S-UE within a specific PRS transmission time. When the S-UE completes sensing of a PRS transmission by another S-UE having a group member ID that is one less than (or one greater than) its group member ID, the S-UE may transmit a PRS to the T-UE. For example, the specific PRS transmission time may be configured / transmitted by the T-UE to the S-UE, predefined for the T-UE and / or S-UE, preconfigured / transmitted by the base station / network to the S-UE and / or T-UE via higher layer signaling, or configured / transmitted. For example, a specific PRS transmission time may be a logical value determined based on the transmission resources belonging to a resource pool. For example, a specific PRS transmission time may be a physical value determined as an absolute time regardless of the resource pool. For example, sensing of the group member ID may be performed by sensing a PRS ID associated with the group member ID. For example, an S-UE that receives a group member ID capable of transmitting a PRS for the first time among the S-UEs may transmit a PRS to the T-UE without sensing PRS transmissions of other S-UEs. For example, the T-UE may transmit a PRS to the S-UE within a specific PRS transmission time. That is, the T-UE may continuously transmit a PRS to several S-UEs (e.g., SL RTT; Secondary Link Round Trip Time). For example, the T-UE may not transmit a PRS to the S-UE during a specific PRS transmission time, but may transmit a PRS after one S-UE completes PRS transmission. That is, the T-UE and the S-UE may alternately transmit PRS within the positioning group (e.g., SL RTT). For example, the T-UE may not continuously transmit the PRS after a specific PRS transmission time, while the S-UE may continuously transmit the PRS to the T-UE (eg, SL TDOA).

[0168] For example, a transmission collision may occur during PRS transmission in a resource pool. In this case, the S-UE that is to transmit the PRS may transmit the PRS using the next resource in the resource pool. For example, when a transmission delay occurs due to multiple resource collisions, if the PRS transmission time does not meet the positioning delay requirement, the S-UE may discard the PRS transmission based on the positioning delay requirement received from the T-UE via the ITS band or the licensed band. In addition, the S-UE may send information / message / signal related to the PRS transmission failure to the T-UE via the ITS band or the licensed band.

[0169] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the UE may perform the following positioning operations, including a Uu link-based positioning scheme and a SL-based positioning scheme.

[0170] First, the UE can perform positioning by using both the positioning assistance spectrum used to transmit information for scheduling the entire positioning operation and related positioning assistance information (hereinafter referred to as positioning assistance information) and the positioning spectrum used to transmit the PRS to be used for positioning. For example, the positioning assistance spectrum and the positioning spectrum may include at least one of a licensed band, an ITS-dedicated band, and / or an unlicensed band. For example, the positioning assistance spectrum and the positioning spectrum may be different frequency bands.

[0171] For example, the UE can use the positioning assistance spectrum to send positioning assistance information or other commercial services / data to the base station, positioning server, and other UEs. On the other hand, the UE can use the positioning spectrum to send only the PRS to be used for positioning. In this case, the UE can use one RF module for each spectrum to perform positioning and send other services / data at the same time, or it can use one RF module to perform RF re-tuning between each spectrum through RF circuit switching and RF spectrum switching before sending relevant data in the spectrum.

[0172] At this time, when the UE uses one RF module for communication, the UE can transmit or receive other commercial services / data at the same time as it transmits or receives positioning assistance information on the positioning assistance spectrum. In this case, conflicts may occur between the transmission and reception of each other. Therefore, when the transmission and reception related to positioning conflicts with the transmission and reception related to other services, the UE can transmit data with higher QoS and priority by comparing the QoS and priority of the positioning data with the QoS and priority of the other services / data, and discard data transmission with lower QoS and priority.

[0173] For example, when the UE attempts to transmit a PRS on the positioning spectrum, if the PRS transmission conflicts with another service / data transmission having a higher priority on the positioning assistance spectrum, the UE may discard the PRS transmission on the positioning spectrum and may transmit the other service / data having a higher priority by retuning the RF module to the positioning assistance spectrum. Conversely, when the UE attempts to transmit a PRS on the positioning spectrum, if the PRS transmission conflicts with another service / data transmission having a lower priority on the positioning assistance spectrum, the UE may discard the other service / data transmission on the positioning assistance spectrum and may maintain the PRS transmission on the positioning spectrum.

[0174] For example, when the UE is about to transmit another service / data on the positioning assistance spectrum, if the service / data transmission conflicts with a PRS transmission with a higher priority on the positioning spectrum, the UE can discard the other service / data transmission on the positioning assistance spectrum and can transmit the PRS with a higher priority by retuning the RF module on the positioning spectrum. Conversely, when the UE attempts to transmit another service / data on the positioning assistance spectrum, if the service / data transmission conflicts with a PRS transmission with a lower priority on the positioning spectrum, the UE can discard the PRS transmission on the positioning spectrum and can maintain other data transmissions on the positioning assistance spectrum.

[0175] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the QoS, priority, and latency requirements associated with positioning on the positioning assistance spectrum, possible time intervals for PRS transmission on the positioning spectrum can be predefined for the UE. For example, the time intervals can be preconfigured / sent, or configured / sent, by the base station / network to the UE via higher-layer signaling. For example, the time intervals can be configured as a window with a specific time interval, or as a counter value capable of counting only specific time intervals.

[0176] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the UE can perform contention-based channel access for PRS transmission by retuning the RF module to the positioning spectrum. In this case, for example, during a time period or during a timer valid period, the UE can use contention-based channel access to perform PRS transmission on the positioning spectrum. For example, when the end of the time interval is reached, or when the timer value is fully counted to a valid value, the UE can stop the PRS transmission performed on the positioning spectrum and can send services / data other than the previously scheduled positioning by retuning the RF module to the positioning assistance spectrum.

[0177] In the present disclosure, a non-standalone unlicensed band positioning operation is proposed, in which positioning scheduling and positioning assistance data are transmitted using a licensed band and an ITS band, and PRS is transmitted and measured in an unlicensed band. In the proposed embodiment, when one RF module is used to transmit and receive in two (or two types of) frequency bands through circuit switching, a method is proposed in which PRS transmission in the unlicensed band is discarded according to the QoS, priority, and delay requirements related to positioning services, and other services / data are transmitted by retuning the RF to the licensed band or the ITS band.

[0178] Figure 16 A process of performing wireless communication by a first device is shown. Figure 16 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0179] refer to Figure 16In step S1610, the first device may receive a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning from the second device via the first frequency band. In step S1620, the first device may determine a second frequency band from the at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first device and the number of devices present in each candidate frequency band. In step S1630, the first device may send a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second device via the first frequency band. In step S1640, the first device may send a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the second device via the second frequency band based on the information related to positioning.

[0180] For example, the first frequency band may be an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) or licensed frequency band, and the second frequency band may be an unlicensed frequency band.

[0181] For example, the first frequency band may be an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) or licensed frequency band, and the second frequency band may be an unlicensed frequency band.

[0182] For example, the second frequency band can be determined based on the following: within the communication range centered on the first device, the number of devices present in the second frequency band is less than a threshold number; or within the communication range centered on the first device, the number of devices present in the second frequency band is the smallest among the number of devices present in each candidate frequency band of at least one candidate frequency band.

[0183] For example, a positioning-related group may be formed based on the positioning responses, and positioning may be performed based on the positioning-related group.

[0184] For example, additionally, the first device may receive a group member identification (ID) associated with the first device in a positioning-related group from the second device, wherein, based on the group member ID associated with the first device, the first PRS may be: sent sequentially within the positioning-related group; or sent first in the positioning-related group.

[0185] For example, additionally, the first device may sense a second PRS transmitted by a third device included in a positioning-related group, wherein the first PRS may be transmitted after the second PRS is sensed.

[0186] For example, the first PRS may be transmitted based on not receiving the PRS from the second device during the PRS transmission time, and the PRS transmission time may be configured from the second device, configured from the network, preconfigured, or predefined.

[0187] For example, additionally, the first device may receive a second PRS from the second device based on the second frequency band, wherein the second PRS may be received in a PRS transmission time, the first PRS may be sent after the second PRS is received, and the PRS transmission time may be configured by the second device, configured from the network, preconfigured, or predefined.

[0188] For example, additionally, the first device may receive a second PRS from the second device based on the second frequency band, wherein the first PRS may be sent based on not receiving the PRS from the second device during the PRS transmission time, and the second PRS may be received after transmission of the first PRS.

[0189] For example, a value related to a communication range centered on the first device may be configured from the second device.

[0190] For example, additionally, the first device may sense a resource pool; and select resources of the first PRS based on a result of the sensing, wherein the positioning-related information may include information related to the resource pool, and the first PRS may be sent based on the resources of the first PRS.

[0191] For example, the first device may additionally receive positioning-related measurements from the second device.

[0192] For example, additionally, the first device may receive a second PRS from the second device based on the second frequency band; and transmit a measurement value related to the second PRS to the second device.

[0193] The above-described embodiments can be applied to various devices to be described below. For example, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may control the transceiver 106 to receive a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning from the second device 200 via the first frequency band. Furthermore, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may determine a second frequency band from the at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the processor 102 of the first device 100 and the number of devices present in each candidate frequency band. Furthermore, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may control the transceiver 106 to transmit a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second device 200 via the first frequency band. Furthermore, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may control the transceiver 106 to transmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the second device 200 via the second frequency band based on the information related to positioning.

[0194] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device for performing wireless communication may be proposed. For example, the first device may include: one or more memories storing instructions; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors connected to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers. For example, the one or more processors may execute instructions to: receive a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning from a second device via a first frequency band; determine a second frequency band from at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first device and the number of devices present in each candidate frequency band; send a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second device via the first frequency band; and send a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the second device via the second frequency band based on the information related to positioning.

[0195] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a device adapted to control a first user equipment (UE) may be proposed. For example, the device may include: one or more processors; and one or more memories operably connected to the one or more processors and storing instructions. For example, the one or more processors may execute instructions to: receive a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning from a second UE via a first frequency band; determine a second frequency band among at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first UE and the number of UEs present in each candidate frequency band; send a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second UE via the first frequency band; and send a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the second UE via the second frequency band based on the information related to positioning.

[0196] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided. For example, when the instructions are executed, a first device may receive a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and positioning-related information from a second device via a first frequency band; determine a second frequency band from the at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first device and the number of devices present in each candidate frequency band; transmit a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second device via the first frequency band; and transmit a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the second device via the second frequency band based on the positioning-related information.

[0197] Figure 17 A process in which the second device performs wireless communication is shown. Figure 17 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0198] refer to Figure 17In step S1710, the second device may send a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning to the first device via the first frequency band. In step S1720, the second device may receive a positioning response including information related to the second frequency band from the first device via the first frequency band. For example, the second frequency band may be determined from at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first device and the number of devices present in each candidate frequency band. In step S1730, the second device may send a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the first device via the second frequency band based on the information related to positioning. For example, the first frequency band may be an intelligent transportation system (ITS) or a licensed frequency band, and the second frequency band may be an unlicensed frequency band.

[0199] For example, additionally, the second device may form a positioning-related group based on the positioning response; start a failure timer based on not receiving the second PRS from the first device during a scheduled time included in the positioning-related information; and release the positioning-related group based on one of the following: the failure timer reaching a threshold, the waiting time associated with the second PRS being longer than the scheduled time, and the waiting time associated with the second PRS not meeting the positioning delay requirement included in the positioning-related information.

[0200] The above-described embodiments can be applied to various devices to be described below. For example, the processor 202 of the second device 200 can control the transceiver 206 to send a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning to the first device via the first frequency band. Furthermore, the processor 202 of the second device 200 can control the transceiver 206 to receive a positioning response including information related to the second frequency band from the first device via the first frequency band. For example, the second frequency band can be determined from at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to the communication range centered on the first device and the number of devices present in each candidate frequency band. Furthermore, the processor 202 of the second device 200 can control the transceiver 206 to send a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the first device via the second frequency band based on the information related to positioning. For example, the first frequency band can be an intelligent transportation system (ITS) or a licensed frequency band, and the second frequency band can be an unlicensed frequency band.

[0201] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device for performing wireless communication may be proposed. For example, the second device may include: one or more memories storing instructions; one or more transceivers; and one or more processors connected to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers. For example, the one or more processors may execute instructions to: send a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning to the first device via a first frequency band; receive a positioning response including information related to a second frequency band from the first device via the first frequency band, the second frequency band may be determined from at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first device and the number of devices present in each candidate frequency band; and send a first positioning reference signal (PRS) to the first device via the second frequency band based on the information related to positioning, wherein the first frequency band may be an intelligent transportation system (ITS) or a licensed frequency band, and the second frequency band may be an unlicensed frequency band.

[0202] For example, the one or more processors may further execute instructions to: form a positioning-related group based on the positioning response; start a failure timer based on not receiving the second PRS from the first device during a scheduled time included in the positioning-related information; and release the positioning-related group based on one of the following: the failure timer reaching a threshold, the waiting time associated with the second PRS being longer than the scheduled time, and the waiting time associated with the second PRS not meeting the positioning delay requirement included in the positioning-related information.

[0203] Hereinafter, devices to which respective embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied will be described.

[0204] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows of the present disclosure described in this document may be applied to, but not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connection between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0205] Hereinafter, a more detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / descriptions, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks or functional blocks.

[0206] Figure 18 A communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 18 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0207] Reference Figure 18, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station (BS), and a network. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)), and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. The wireless device may include, but is not limited to, a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1 and 100b-2), an extended reality (XR) device (100c), a handheld device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an Internet of Things (IoT) device (100f), and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server (400). For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication. Herein, a vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). XR devices may include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. Handheld devices may include smartphones, smart boards, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., notebooks). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters. For example, a BS and a network may be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0208] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure may include narrowband IoT for low-power communication in addition to LTE, NR, and 6G. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN and may be referred to by various names including enhanced machine type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least one of various standards such as: 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, a low-power wide area network (LPWAN), and ZigBee, which consider low-power communication, and is not limited to the above names. As an example, ZigBee technology can generate a personal area network (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0209] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can be connected to a network 300 via a BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can be connected to an AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via the BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication (e.g., sidelink communication) with each other without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0210] Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, or 150c may be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or BS 200 / BS 200. Here, the wireless communication / connection may be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access backhaul (IAB)). The wireless device and the BS / wireless device may transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via the wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, the wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b may transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and at least a portion of the resource allocation process for transmitting / receiving radio signals may be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0211] Figure 19 A wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0212] Reference Figure 19 , the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit radio signals through various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200)} may correspond to Figure 18 {wireless device (100x) and BS (200)} and / or {wireless device (100x) and wireless device (100x)} in.

[0213] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally further include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102 may control the memory(s) 104 and / or the transceiver(s) 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processor(s) 102 may process information in the memory(s) 104 to generate first information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signals through the transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 may receive a radio signal including second information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory(s) 104. The memory(s) 104 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor(s) 102. For example, the memory(s) 104 may store software code including instructions for executing part or all of the processing controlled by the processor(s) 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. Here, the processor(s) 102 and the memory(s) 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 106 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via the antenna(s) 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 106 may be used interchangeably with the radio frequency (RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0214] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may additionally further include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s) 202 may control the memory(s) 204 and / or the transceiver(s) 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processor(s) 202 may process information in the memory(s) 204 to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information / signals through the transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202 may receive a radio signal including fourth information / signals through the transceiver(s) 106, and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory(s) 204. The memory(s) 204 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor(s) 202. For example, the memory(s) 204 may store software code including instructions for executing part or all of the processing controlled by the processor(s) 202 or for executing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document. Here, the processor(s) 202 and the memory(s) 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 206 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via the antenna(s) 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 206 may be used interchangeably with the RF unit(s). In the present disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0215] The hardware elements of wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. One or more protocol layers may be, but are not limited to, implemented by one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein, and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document.

[0216] The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. The firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204, thereby being driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using software or firmware in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0217] One or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and can store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 can be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drive, registers, cash memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 can be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0218] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels described in the methods and / or operational flows of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels described in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and may transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may control the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may control the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document via one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas can be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can convert received radio signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals so that the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. can be processed by one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can convert the user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0219] Figure 20 A signal processing circuit for transmitting a signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0220] Reference Figure 20 , the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050) and a signal generator (1060). Figure 20 operations / functions, not limited to Figure 19 The processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of Figure 19processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) to implement Figure 20 For example, you can Figure 19 Alternatively, the processor (102, 202) can implement blocks 1010 to 1060. Figure 19 The processor (102, 202) implements blocks 1010 to 1050 and can be implemented by Figure 19 The transceiver (106, 206) is used to implement block 1060.

[0221] Can be passed Figure 20 The signal processing circuit (1000) converts the codeword into a radio signal. Herein, the codeword is a coded bit sequence of an information block. The information block may include a transport block (e.g., UL-SCH transport block, DL-SCH transport block). The radio signal may be transmitted via various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0222] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by the scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence for scrambling can be generated based on an initial value, and the initial value can include the ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by the modulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by the layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbol of each transmission layer can be mapped (precoded) to (one or more) corresponding antenna ports by the precoder 1040. The output z of the precoder 1040 can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 1030 with the N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) on the complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0223] The resource mapper 1050 can map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator 1060 can generate a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be sent to other devices through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an upconverter.

[0224] Can be used with Figure 20 The signal processing process for a signal received in a wireless device is configured in a manner opposite to the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. Figure 19 100 and 200) can receive a radio signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signal can be converted into a baseband signal by a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapping process, a post-coding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codeword can be restored to the original information block by decoding. Therefore, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for receiving a signal may include a signal restorer, a resource demapper, a post-coding process, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0225] Figure 21 Another example of a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms according to use cases / services (see Figure 18 ).

[0226] Reference Figure 21 , the wireless devices (100 and 200) may correspond to Figure 19 The wireless devices (100 and 200) may be configured by various elements, components, units / portions and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices (100 and 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a storage unit (130) and additional components (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and (one or more) transceivers (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include Figure 19 One or more processors (102 and 202) and / or one or more memories (104 and 204). For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include Figure 19The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory (130), and the additional components (140), and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) can control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). The control unit (120) can transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit (110) through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit (110) through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0227] The additional component (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional component (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be implemented in the following forms without limitation: a robot ( Figure 18 100a), vehicles ( Figure 18 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR devices ( Figure 18 100c), handheld device ( Figure 18 100d), household appliances ( Figure 18 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 18 100f), digital broadcasting terminal, hologram device, public safety device, MTC device, medical device, fintech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environmental device, AI server / device ( Figure 18 400), BS( Figure 18 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, the wireless device can be used in a mobile or fixed place.

[0228] exist Figure 21In the wireless device (100 and 200), the various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules in the wireless device (100 and 200) can all be connected to each other through a wired interface, or at least part of them can be connected wirelessly through the communication unit (110). For example, in each of the wireless devices (100 and 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) can be connected through a wired interface, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130 and 140) can be connected wirelessly through the communication unit (110). Each element, component, unit / part and / or module in the wireless device (100 and 200) can also include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) can be constructed by a collection of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit (120) can be constructed by a collection of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit and a memory control processor. As another example, the memory ( 130 ) may be constructed by random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, nonvolatile memory, and / or combinations thereof.

[0229] Hereinafter, the implementation will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 21 .

[0230] Figure 22 A handheld device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The handheld device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a notebook). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT).

[0231] Reference Figure 22 The handheld device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a storage unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b) and an I / O unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to Figure 21 Frame 110 to 130 / 140.

[0232] The communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or a base station. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the components of the handheld device 100. The control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). The storage unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to operate the handheld device 100. The storage unit 130 can store input / output data / information. The power supply unit 140a can supply power to the handheld device 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, a battery, etc. The interface unit 140b can support connection between the handheld device 100 and other external devices. The interface unit 140b may include various ports for connecting to external devices (e.g., an audio I / O port and a video I / O port). The I / O unit 140c can input or output user-input video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information. The I / O unit 140c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0233] For example, in the case of data communication, the I / O unit 140c can obtain information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the storage unit 130. The communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to the BS. The communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or BSs and then restore the received radio signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the storage unit 130 and can be output as various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or tactile) through the I / O unit 140.

[0234] Figure 23 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle can be implemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc.

[0235] Reference Figure 23 , the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a drive unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c) and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to Figure 21 Box 110 / 130 / 140.

[0236] The communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., gNBs and roadside units), and servers. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling components of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. The control unit 120 may include an electronic control unit (ECU). The drive unit 140a can cause the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to travel on the road. The drive unit 140a may include an engine, a motor, a transmission system, wheels, brakes, a steering system, etc. The power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140c can obtain vehicle status, external environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 140 c may include an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a location module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a lighting sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140 d may implement a technology for maintaining a lane in which the vehicle is traveling, a technology for automatically adjusting the speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), a technology for autonomously driving along a determined path, a technology for driving by automatically setting a path with a destination set, etc.

[0237] For example, the communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit 140d can generate an autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit 120 can control the drive unit 140a so that the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 can move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit 110 can aperiodically / periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from the external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the newly acquired data / information. The communication unit 110 can transmit information about the vehicle's location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to the external server. The external server can use AI technology, etc. based on the information collected from the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle to predict traffic information data and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle.

[0238] The claims in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features in the method claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented or performed in a device, and the technical features in the device claims can be combined to be implemented or performed in a method. In addition, the technical features in (one or more) method claims and (one or more) device claims can be combined to be implemented or performed in a device. In addition, the technical features in (one or more) method claims and (one or more) device claims can be combined to be implemented or performed in a method.

Claims

1. A method for performing wireless communication by a first device, the method comprising: receiving a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning from a second device via a first frequency band; determining a second frequency band among the at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first device and the number of devices existing in each candidate frequency band; sending a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second device through the first frequency band, wherein forming a group related to the positioning based on the positioning response; receiving, from the second device, a group member identifier associated with the first device in a group associated with the positioning, and Based on the positioning-related information, sending a first positioning reference signal to the second device via the second frequency band, Based on the group member identifier associated with the first apparatus, the first positioning reference signal: are sent sequentially within the group associated with the location; or The one that is relevant to the location is sent first.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first frequency band is an intelligent transportation system or licensed frequency band, and The second frequency band is a license-exempt frequency band.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The second frequency band is determined based on: The number of devices existing in the second frequency band within the communication range centered on the first device is less than a threshold number; or Within the communication range centered on the first device, the number of devices existing in the second frequency band is smallest among the number of devices existing in each of the at least one candidate frequency band.

4. The method according to claim 1, in, The positioning is performed based on a group associated with the positioning.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: sensing a second positioning reference signal transmitted by a third device included in the group related to the positioning, The first positioning reference signal is sent after the second positioning reference signal is sensed.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein sending the first positioning reference signal based on not receiving a positioning reference signal from the second device during a positioning reference signal transmission time, and The positioning reference signal transmission time is configured from the second device, configured from a network, pre-configured, or pre-defined.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving a second positioning reference signal from the second device based on the second frequency band, wherein the second positioning reference signal is received during a positioning reference signal transmission time; wherein the first positioning reference signal is sent after the second positioning reference signal is received, and The positioning reference signal transmission time is configured by the second device, configured from the network, pre-configured, or pre-defined.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving a second positioning reference signal from the second device based on the second frequency band, wherein, based on not receiving a positioning reference signal from the second device during a positioning reference signal transmission time, sending the first positioning reference signal, and The second positioning reference signal is received after the first positioning reference signal is transmitted.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein The value associated with the communication range centered on the first device is configured from the second device.

10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Sensing resource pool; as well as Based on the sensing result, selecting a resource of the first positioning reference signal, The information related to positioning includes information related to the resource pool, and The first positioning reference signal is sent based on the resource of the first positioning reference signal.

11. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising: Measurements related to the positioning are received from the second device.

12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving a second positioning reference signal from the second device based on the second frequency band; as well as Sending a measurement value related to the second positioning reference signal to the second device.

13. A first apparatus for performing wireless communication, the first apparatus comprising: one or more memories storing instructions; one or more transceivers; as well as one or more processors connected to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers, wherein the one or more processors execute the instructions to: receiving a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning from a second device via a first frequency band; determining a second frequency band among the at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first device and the number of devices existing in each candidate frequency band; sending a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second device through the first frequency band; wherein forming a group related to the positioning based on the positioning response; receiving, from the second device, a group member identifier associated with the first device in a group associated with the positioning, and Based on the positioning-related information, sending a first positioning reference signal to the second device via the second frequency band, Based on the group member identifier associated with the first apparatus, the first positioning reference signal: are sent sequentially within the group associated with the location; or The one that is relevant to the location is sent first.

14. A processing device adapted to control a first device, the processing device comprising: one or more processors; as well as one or more memories operably connected to the one or more processors and storing instructions, wherein the one or more processors execute the instructions to: receiving a positioning request including at least one candidate frequency band and information related to positioning from a second device via a first frequency band; determining a second frequency band among the at least one candidate frequency band based on a value related to a communication range centered on the first device and the number of devices existing in each candidate frequency band; sending a positioning response including information related to the determined second frequency band to the second device through the first frequency band; wherein forming a group related to the positioning based on the positioning response; receiving, from the second device, a group member identifier associated with the first device in a group associated with the positioning, and Based on the positioning-related information, sending a first positioning reference signal to the second device via the second frequency band, Based on the group member identifier associated with the first apparatus, the first positioning reference signal: are sent sequentially within the group associated with the location; or The one that is relevant to the location is sent first.

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