A solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system, including a biogas tank, a gas boiler, a flash evaporator, a steam turbine, a hot water storage tank 1, a hot water storage tank 2, a farm, a greenhouse, a pressure gauge, a pump 1, a pump 2, a pump 3, a pump 6, a heat exchanger 1, a heat exchanger 2, a heat exchanger 3, a heat exchanger 4, an induced draft fan 1 and an induced draft fan 2; the farm and the greenhouse are both provided with a solar heating module and a solar power generation module. The present invention adopts a solar power generation heat collection system in conjunction with a biogas cogeneration system, and the two systems together provide heat for the farm and the greenhouse, and the two methods complement each other and complement each other; at the same time, phase change energy storage materials are added to optimize the heating system; while providing heat, the required electricity of the electrical load in the building can also be met, and the excess electricity can also be incorporated into the national power grid to obtain certain economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of energy, in particular to a solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous consumption and pollution of traditional energy, new energy sources such as renewable energy are gradually coming on stage and meeting the requirements of social development. The greenhouse effect refers to the insulation effect formed by the lack of heat exchange between the closed space that transmits sunlight and the outside world. That is, the short-wave radiation of the sun can penetrate the atmosphere and penetrate into the ground, while the long-wave radiation emitted after the ground warms up is absorbed by carbon dioxide and other substances in the atmosphere, thus producing the effect of atmospheric warming. Therefore, the development of renewable energy and energy conservation and environmental protection are particularly critical.

[0003] As a renewable energy source, solar energy is inexhaustible, abundant and can be used for free without the need for transportation. It is also a green energy source. However, solar energy has a serious drawback, namely, instability. On rainy days, solar energy cannot be used, which requires auxiliary heat sources to supplement it. The utilization of solar energy is divided into solar thermal utilization and solar photovoltaic power generation. Solar thermal utilization is the use of working fluids to convert solar energy into thermal energy for utilization; solar photovoltaic power generation is the use of solar panels to convert solar energy into high-quality electrical energy.

[0004] Biogas is a mixed gas, the main component of which is methane. The methane content is 55% to 70%, the carbon dioxide content is 28% to 44%, and the average hydrogen sulfide content is 0.034%. Various organic matter such as human and animal feces, straw, sewage, etc. are decomposed and transformed by a wide variety of biogas fermentation microorganisms under anaerobic conditions in a closed biogas tank to produce biogas. In addition to direct combustion for lighting, heating, etc., the generated biogas can also be used as fuel for internal combustion engines and gas boilers. At the same time, the waste and residues produced by fermentation have rich nutritional value and can be used as fertilizer for greenhouses and as animal feed.

[0005] Therefore, there is currently a lack of a cogeneration system that combines the advantages of solar energy and biogas to achieve heating and power generation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system, characterized in that the system includes a biogas tank, a gas boiler, a flash evaporator, a steam turbine, a hot water storage tank 1, a hot water storage tank 2, a breeding farm, a greenhouse, a pressure gauge, a pump 1, a pump 2, a pump 3, a pump 6, a heat exchanger 1, a heat exchanger 2, a heat exchanger 3, a heat exchanger 4, an induced draft fan 1 and an induced draft fan 2; the inside of the breeding farm and the greenhouse are both provided with a solar heating module and a solar power generation module;

[0008] The liquid outlet of the biogas tank is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 1 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 3, a pump 1 and a butterfly valve 1 are arranged on the pipeline; the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 1 is connected to the liquid inlet of the biogas tank through a pipeline, and a stop valve 2 is arranged on the pipeline; the biogas outlet of the biogas tank is connected to the biogas inlet of the gas boiler through a pipeline, and a stop valve 4 and a pressure gauge are arranged on the pipeline, and the pressure gauge is used to monitor the intake pressure;

[0009] The hot water outlet of the gas boiler is connected to the water inlet of the flash evaporator through a pipeline, and a stop valve 5 is arranged on the pipeline; the water vapor outlet of the flash evaporator is connected to the air inlet of the steam turbine through a pipeline, the exhaust port of the steam turbine is connected to the air inlet of the steam turbine through a pipeline, and the exhaust steam outlet of the steam turbine is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 1 through a pipeline; the liquid water outlet of the flash evaporator is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline; the hot side outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 3 and the hot side outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 1 are connected to the cold water inlet pipeline of the gas boiler through a tee, and a pump 2 and a butterfly valve 2 are arranged on the cold water inlet pipeline of the gas boiler;

[0010] The oxygen-enriched gas outlet of the greenhouse is connected to the air inlet of the induced draft fan 1 through a pipeline; the air outlet of the induced draft fan 1 is connected to the oxygen-enriched gas inlet of the gas boiler through a pipeline, and a stop valve 7 is provided on the pipeline; the flue gas outlet of the gas boiler is connected to the air inlet of the induced draft fan 2 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 6 is provided on the pipeline; the air outlet of the induced draft fan 2 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 4 through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the gas inlet of the greenhouse;

[0011] The outlet of the heating equipment in the farm is connected to the cold side inlet of the water storage tank 1 and the cold working medium supply end of the solar heating module in the farm through a tee; the inlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side outlet of the water storage tank 1 and the hot working medium supply end of the solar heating module through a tee, and a stop valve 9 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the water storage tank 1 and the inlet of the heating equipment; the hot side inlet of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline; the hot side outlet of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline, and a pump 3 and a butterfly valve 3 are arranged on the pipeline;

[0012] The outlet of the heating equipment in the greenhouse is connected to the cold side inlet of the hot water storage tank 2 and the cold working medium supply end of the solar heating module in the greenhouse through a tee; the inlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 and the hot working medium supply end of the solar heating module through a tee, and a stop valve 1 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 and the inlet of the heating equipment; the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 4 and the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 3 are both connected to the hot side outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 through a tee, a pump 6 and a butterfly valve 5 are arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hot water storage tank 2 and the heat exchanger 4, and a pump 6 and a butterfly valve 4 are arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hot water storage tank 2 and the heat exchanger 3; the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 4 and the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 3 are both connected to the hot side inlet of the hot water storage tank 2 through a tee, a stop valve 13 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hot water storage tank 2 and the heat exchanger 4, and a stop valve 12 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hot water storage tank 2 and the heat exchanger 3;

[0013] The current output end of the solar power generation module is electrically connected to the power loads in the breeding farm and the greenhouse; the current output end of the steam turbine is electrically connected to the power loads in the breeding farm and the greenhouse and the national power grid respectively.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] (1) The present invention adopts a solar power generation and thermal collection system in conjunction with a biogas cogeneration system. The two systems together provide heat for the farm and the greenhouse. The two methods complement each other and have complementary advantages. At the same time, phase change energy storage materials are added to optimize the heating system. While providing heat, it can also meet the required electricity load in the building, and the excess electricity can also be incorporated into the national power grid to obtain certain economic benefits.

[0016] (2) The present invention uses farms and greenhouses as raw material supply for biogas digesters, which not only solves the problem of raw materials, but also improves the ecological environment and solves the problem of handling animal feces and plant residues; at the same time, the biogas slurry in the biogas digester also contains relatively rich nutrients, and the biogas slurry can be used as fertilizer for plants and feed for animals, realizing the recycling of waste. The heat of the steam turbine exhaust gas is transported to the biogas digester, which greatly improves the fermentation efficiency of anaerobic bacteria and realizes the waste heat recovery of the exhaust gas.

[0017] (3) The present invention connects the greenhouse and the gas boiler, introduces the oxygen-rich air generated by photosynthesis in the greenhouse into the gas boiler, and uses the oxygen-rich air to promote the full combustion of biogas in the gas boiler, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the boiler, providing more heat, and reducing the incomplete combustion of biogas. At the same time, the gas after the reaction is complete is rich in carbon dioxide, which is reintroduced into the greenhouse after cooling treatment, which can enhance the photosynthesis of plants, increase the accumulation of organic matter, and effectively reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

[0018] (4) The farm and greenhouse of the present invention are equipped with solar panels and solar collectors, which make full use of the full spectrum of solar energy to a large extent. The heat pipes in the collectors absorb the radiant heat of sunlight to heat the water. At the same time, in order to make up for the defect of low water temperature, a mirror field is added. The sunlight reflected by the mirror field can heat the water in the heat pipe again to increase the temperature. The water in the heat pipe exchanges heat with the indoor heating equipment, and the excess heat can be stored in the phase change material and reserved for use at night. The solar panels convert solar energy into high-quality electrical energy, which can be used for the loads in the farm and greenhouse. At the same time, the electricity generated by the steam turbine can also supplement it, and the excess electricity can be incorporated into the national power grid.

[0019] (5) Water vapor enters the steam turbine from the flash evaporator, and the water vapor that does not react completely in the steam turbine is reheated and then returned to the steam turbine for adiabatic expansion. That is, the present invention adds a reheat cycle to the steam turbine, which can significantly improve the thermal efficiency of the steam turbine, increase the dryness of the water vapor, and improve the safety of the steam turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention;

[0021] In the figure, biogas tank 1, gas boiler 2, flash evaporator 3, steam turbine 4, solar collector 5, solar panel 6, mirror field 7, hot water storage tank 1 8, hot water storage tank 2 9, phase change material 10, farm 11, junction box 12, DC switch 13, charge controller 14, energy storage battery 15, inverter 16, greenhouse 17, stop valve 1 18, stop valve 2 19, stop valve 3 20, stop valve 4 21, stop valve 5 22, stop valve 6 23, stop valve 7 24, stop valve 8 25, stop valve Stop valve nine 26, stop valve ten 27, stop valve eleven 28, stop valve twelve 29, stop valve thirteen 30, butterfly valve one 31, butterfly valve two 32, butterfly valve three 33, butterfly valve four 34, butterfly valve five 35, butterfly valve six 36, butterfly valve seven 37, pressure gauge 38, pump one 39, pump two 40, pump three 41, pump four 42, pump five 43, pump six 44, heat exchanger one 45, heat exchanger two 46, heat exchanger three 47, heat exchanger four 48, heat exchanger five 49, induced draft fan one 50, induced draft fan two 51, thermometer 52. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. The specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention in detail and do not limit the protection scope of the claims of this application.

[0023] The present invention provides a solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system (referred to as the system), characterized in that the system comprises a biogas tank 1, a gas boiler 2, a flash evaporator 3, a steam turbine 4, a hot water storage tank 1 8, a hot water storage tank 2 9, a breeding farm 11, a greenhouse 17, a pressure gauge 38, a pump 1 39, a pump 2 40, a pump 3 41, a pump 6 44, a heat exchanger 1 45, a heat exchanger 2 46, a heat exchanger 3 47, a heat exchanger 48, an induced draft fan 1 50 and an induced draft fan 2 51; the breeding farm 11 and the greenhouse 17 are both provided with a solar heating module and a solar power generation module;

[0024] The liquid outlet of the biogas tank 1 is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 45 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 20, a pump 39 and a butterfly valve 31 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline according to the flow direction of the working medium (in this embodiment, the working medium is water); the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 45 is connected to the liquid inlet of the biogas tank 1 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 19 is arranged on the pipeline; the biogas outlet of the biogas tank 1 is connected to the biogas inlet of the gas boiler 2 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 21 and a pressure gauge 38 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline according to the flow direction of the biogas, and the pressure gauge 38 is used to monitor the intake pressure to ensure the safe use of the gas boiler 2;

[0025] The hot water outlet of the gas boiler 2 is connected to the water inlet of the flash evaporator 3 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 5 22 is provided on the pipeline; the water vapor outlet of the flash evaporator 3 is connected to the air inlet of the steam turbine 4 through a pipeline, and the exhaust port ( Figure 1 a) and the air inlet of the steam turbine 4 ( Figure 1 b) is connected by pipelines, the exhaust steam outlet of the steam turbine 4 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 1 45 by pipelines; the liquid water outlet of the flash evaporator 3 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 2 46 by pipelines, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 2 46 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 3 47 by pipelines; the hot side outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 3 47 and the hot side outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 1 45 are connected to the cold water inlet pipeline of the gas boiler 2 by tees, and the cold water inlet pipeline of the gas boiler 2 is provided with a pump 2 40 and a butterfly valve 2 32 in sequence according to the flow direction of water;

[0026] The oxygen-enriched gas outlet of the greenhouse 17 is connected to the air inlet of the induced draft fan 1 50 through a pipeline; the air outlet of the induced draft fan 1 50 is connected to the oxygen-enriched gas inlet of the gas boiler 2 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 7 24 is provided on the pipeline; the smoke outlet of the gas boiler 2 is connected to the air inlet of the induced draft fan 2 51 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 6 23 is provided on the pipeline; the air outlet of the induced draft fan 2 51 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 4 48 through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 4 48 is connected to the gas inlet of the greenhouse 17;

[0027] The outlet of the heating equipment in the farm 11 is connected to the cold side inlet of the hot water storage tank 8 and the cold working medium supply end of the solar heating module in the farm 11 through a tee; the inlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side outlet of the hot water storage tank 8 and the hot working medium supply end of the solar heating module through a tee, and a stop valve 9 26 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the hot water storage tank 8 and the inlet of the heating equipment; the hot side inlet of the hot water storage tank 8 is connected to the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 2 46 through a pipeline; the hot side outlet of the hot water storage tank 8 is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 2 46 through a pipeline, and a pump 3 41 and a butterfly valve 3 33 are provided on the pipeline in sequence according to the flow direction of the working medium (in this embodiment, the working medium is water);

[0028] The outlet of the heating equipment in the greenhouse 17 is connected to the cold side inlet of the hot water storage tank 2 9 and the cold working medium supply end of the solar heating module in the greenhouse 17 through a tee; the inlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 9 and the hot working medium supply end of the solar heating module through a tee, and a stop valve 18 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 9 and the inlet of the heating equipment; the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 48 and the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 3 47 are both connected to the hot side outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 9 through a tee, and the connection between the hot water storage tank 2 9 and the heat exchanger 4 48 is A pump 6 44 and a butterfly valve 5 35 are sequentially arranged on the pipe according to the flow direction of the working medium (in this embodiment, the working medium is water), and a pump 6 44 and a butterfly valve 4 34 are sequentially arranged on the connecting pipe between the hot water storage tank 2 9 and the heat exchanger 3 47 according to the flow direction of the working medium (in this embodiment, the working medium is water); the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 4 48 and the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 3 47 are connected to the hot side inlet of the hot water storage tank 2 9 through a tee, a stop valve 13 30 is arranged on the connecting pipe between the hot water storage tank 2 9 and the heat exchanger 4 48, and a stop valve 12 29 is arranged on the connecting pipe between the hot water storage tank 2 9 and the heat exchanger 3 47;

[0029] The solar power generation module generates electric energy through the photoelectric effect, and the current output end is electrically connected to the power loads in the farm 11 and the greenhouse 17; the current output end of the steam turbine 4 is electrically connected to the power loads in the farm 11 and the greenhouse 17 and the national power grid respectively.

[0030] Preferably, the solar heating module in the greenhouse 17 is identical to the solar heating module in the farm 11; the solar heating module comprises a solar collector 5, a phase change material 10, a pump 42, a pump 5 43 and a heat exchanger 5 49;

[0031] The hot working medium supply end of the solar collector 5 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 5 49 and the heat absorption end of the phase change material 10 through a tee, and a stop valve 10 27 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the solar collector 5 and the heat exchanger 5 49, and a stop valve 11 28 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the solar collector 5 and the phase change material 10; the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 5 49 is connected to the cold working medium supply end of the solar collector 5 through a pipeline, and a pump 4 42 and a butterfly valve 6 36 are provided on the pipeline in sequence according to the flow direction of the working medium; the phase change material The output end of 10 is connected to the cold medium supply end of the solar collector 5 through a pipeline, and a pump 5 43 and a butterfly valve 7 37 are arranged on the pipeline in sequence according to the flow direction of hot water; the outlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side inlet of the hot water tank 8 and the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 5 49 through a tee; the inlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side outlet of the hot water tank 8 and the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 5 49 through a tee, and a stop valve 8 25 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 5 49 and the inlet of the heating equipment.

[0032] Preferably, the working medium in the solar thermal collector 5 is nanofluid.

[0033] Preferably, the system further comprises a thermometer 52; a thermometer 52 is provided at the inlet of the heating equipment to test the inlet water temperature, so as to facilitate better regulation of the temperature in the building.

[0034] Preferably, the solar power generation module in the greenhouse 17 is identical to the solar power generation module in the farm 11; the solar power generation module includes a solar panel 6, a combiner box 12, a DC switch 13, a charge controller 14, an energy storage battery 15 and an inverter 16;

[0035] The current output end of the solar panel 6 is electrically connected to the current input end of the combiner box 12, and the current output end of the combiner box 12 is electrically connected to the current input end of the inverter 16 and the current input end of the energy storage battery 15 through the DC switch 13, and the DC switch 13 controls the power supply; the positive and negative poles of the charging controller 14 are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the energy storage battery 15 respectively; the current output end of the inverter 16 is electrically connected to the power load. The charging controller 14 is used to protect the energy storage battery 15 and prevent the energy storage battery 15 from being overcharged.

[0036] Preferably, the system further comprises a mirror field 7, which cooperates with the solar thermal collector 5 and the solar cell panel 6 to collect more sunlight and improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization.

[0037] Preferably, the gas boiler 2 is Yuanda boiler WNS1-1.25-Q, which has high combustion efficiency, contains less nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, is widely used as fuel, and can better burn biogas to transfer heat.

[0038] Preferably, the flash evaporator 3 adopts the SZLQQ-135 model flash evaporator of Liangshan Jiangong Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd.; the flash evaporator reduces the pressure and expands the high-pressure water vapor in an insulated container, so that part of the water is instantly converted into low-pressure saturated steam.

[0039] Preferably, the steam turbine 4 adopts the 15MW intermediate single reheat condensing steam turbine N15 of Weifang Huiguang Power Co., Ltd. The steam turbine 4 adopts a reheat cycle to improve the power generation efficiency of the steam turbine. When the reaction reaches a certain pressure, the water vapor is extracted, and the heat of the saturated water vapor at the outlet of the flash evaporator 3 is used to heat the extracted gas, and then it continues to expand when it returns to the steam turbine. If the electricity generated by the solar panel 6 cannot meet the demand of the greenhouse 17 and the farm 11 or the solar panel 6 cannot function on rainy days, the steam turbine 4 generates electricity for the greenhouse 17 and the farm 11, and the remaining part is incorporated into the national power grid.

[0040] Preferably, the solar cell panel 6 is a single crystal solar panel with a power of 300W, a peak voltage of 30V and a size of 1640mm*992mm from ONETENS store.

[0041] Preferably, the hot water storage tank 1 8 and the hot water storage tank 2 9 adopt the galvanized water tank of Dezhou Yashuo Air Conditioning Equipment Co., Ltd. When the temperature reaches the specified temperature, the excess hot water will be stored in the hot water storage tank for standby use.

[0042] Preferably, except for the butterfly valve in the figure, the other valves are stop valves. The butterfly valve is easy to manufacture, easy to maintain and durable. During the opening and closing process of the stop valve, the opening height is small, the flow rate is easy to adjust, and it is easy to manufacture and maintain, and the pressure application range is wide.

[0043] The working principle and workflow of the present invention are:

[0044] (I) Heating mode: The biogas from the biogas tank 1 is used to heat the working fluid contained in the gas boiler 2; at the same time, in order to increase the combustion rate of the biogas, the oxygen-rich air generated by photosynthesis in the greenhouse 17 is sucked into the combustion chamber of the gas boiler 2 by the induced draft fan 1 50 to combine with the biogas for full reaction. After the reaction is complete, the flue gas generated is guided by the induced draft fan 2 51, and the heat in the flue gas is recovered by the heat exchanger 4 48. The flue gas flows back to the greenhouse 17 for use by the plants. This heat exchange not only achieves the effect of heating the greenhouse 17, but also cools the flue gas so that it can flow back to the greenhouse 1 better. 7 for use by plants; the cold water absorbs enough heat in the gas boiler 2 to become hot water, which is transported to the flash evaporator 3 through a pipeline, and is divided into water vapor and liquid water under the action of the flash evaporator 3; the water vapor enters the steam turbine 4 from the water vapor outlet of the flash evaporator 3, and the water vapor that is not completely reacted in the steam turbine 4 is returned to the steam turbine 4 for reaction after reheating, and after the reaction is complete, the water vapor becomes exhaust steam and flows out from the exhaust steam outlet of the steam turbine 4, and the heat in the exhaust steam is recovered by the heat exchanger 45, and the exhaust steam is liquefied into cold water; the cold working medium that has completely exchanged heat with the biogas tank 1 is pressurized by the pump 39 and enters the heat exchanger 45, and the heat recovered by the heat exchanger 45 The waste heat of the exhaust steam is returned to the biogas tank 1 after heat exchange, providing heat for the biogas tank 1, so that the fermentation rate of anaerobic bacteria in the biogas tank 1 is accelerated; the liquid water coming out of the flash evaporator 3 passes through the heat exchanger 2 46 and the heat exchanger 3 47 in turn according to the flow direction to become cold water; the heat exchanger 2 46 transports the heat in the liquid water to the hot water storage tank 1 8 for storage. When the heat provided by the solar heating module is not enough to maintain the required temperature of the building, it cooperates with the solar heating module in the farm 11 to supply the heat contained in the solar energy to the heating equipment in the farm 11. The two heating pipelines complement each other and coordinate with each other, and the solar heat can also be stored. In the phase change material 10 in the breeding farm 11; similarly, the heat exchanger three 47 transports the heat in the liquid water to the hot water storage tank two 9 for storage. When the heat provided by the solar heating module is not enough to maintain the required temperature of the building, it cooperates with the solar heating module in the greenhouse 17 to supply the heat contained in the solar energy to the heating equipment in the greenhouse 17. The two heating pipelines complement and coordinate with each other, and the solar energy heat can also be stored in the phase change material 10 in the greenhouse 17; the liquid water that has exchanged heat and the cold water flowing out of the heat exchanger one 45 are combined and pumped into the gas boiler 2 through the pump two 40 to complete the cycle.

[0045] Assuming that pipeline losses are negligible, the heat provided by solar energy is Q1, and the heat required by the building (greenhouse 17 or farm 11) is Q2.

[0046] When Q1>Q2: during the day, the stop valve eight 25, the stop valve ten 27, the stop valve eleven 28, the butterfly valve six 36, the butterfly valve seven 37 are opened, and the stop valve nine 26 and the butterfly valve three 33 are closed, so that part of the heat is stored in the building wall formed by the phase change material 10, and the other part of the heat is supplied to the heating equipment through the heat exchanger five 49; at night, the stop valve nine 26 and the butterfly valve three 33 are opened, and the stop valve eight 25, the stop valve ten 27, the stop valve eleven 28, the butterfly valve six 36, the butterfly valve seven 37 are closed, and the building wall formed by the phase change material 10 and the hot water storage tank one 8 or the hot water storage tank two 9 jointly heat the heating equipment;

[0047] When Q1=Q2: during the day, the stop valve eight 25, the stop valve ten 27, and the butterfly valve six 36 are opened, and the stop valve nine 26, the stop valve eleven 28, the butterfly valve three 33, and the butterfly valve seven 37 are closed, and the heat provided by the solar energy is supplied to the heating equipment through the heat exchanger five 49; at night, the stop valve nine 26 and the butterfly valve three 33 are opened, and the stop valve eight 25, the stop valve ten 27, the stop valve eleven 28, the butterfly valve six 36, and the butterfly valve seven 37 are closed, and the hot water storage tank one 8 or the hot water storage tank two 9 supplies heat to the heating equipment;

[0048] When Q1<Q2: during the day, open stop valve eight 25, stop valve nine 26, stop valve ten 27, butterfly valve three 33, butterfly valve six 36, and close stop valve eleven 28 and butterfly valve seven 37. The heat provided by the solar energy is supplied to the heating equipment through heat exchanger five 49 and hot water storage tank one 8 or hot water storage tank two 9. At night, open stop valve nine 26 and butterfly valve three 33, and close stop valve eight 25, stop valve ten 27, stop valve eleven 28, butterfly valve six 36, butterfly valve seven 37. The hot water storage tank one 8 or the hot water storage tank two 9 supplies heat to the heating equipment.

[0049] (ii) Power generation mode: When the weather is clear, sunlight shines on the solar panel 6. Due to the photoelectric effect, the solar energy is converted into high-quality DC power. After the DC power is collected by the junction box 12, part of the DC power is stored in the energy storage battery 15 through the DC switch 13, and the other part of the DC power is converted into AC power through the inverter 16. Together with the steam turbine 4, the power is supplied to the greenhouse 17 and the farm 11. In addition to the normal power supply to the greenhouse 17 and the farm 11 to achieve self-sufficiency, the power generated by the steam turbine 4 and the solar power generation module is integrated into the national power grid to obtain certain economic benefits; when the weather is cloudy, the energy storage battery 15 supplies power to the power loads in the building. If the power is insufficient, the power generated by the steam turbine 4 can be used to supplement it.

[0050] Assume that the solar power generation is W1 and the user's power consumption is P; when W1=P, the power supply of the greenhouse 17 and the farm 11 comes from solar energy; when W1<P, the power supply of the greenhouse 17 and the farm 11 comes from solar energy and power generation by the steam turbine 4. The steam turbine 4 can generate a large amount of electricity. While meeting the use of the greenhouse 17 and the farm 11, the excess electricity is incorporated into the national power grid to obtain higher profits.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The selected location is Tianjin, which has relatively abundant solar energy resources and is a second-class solar radiation area in my country. It is located at 117.2° east longitude and 39.13° north latitude. The annual sunshine hours are 2600-2800h / a, and the radiation is 5400-6700MJ / m 2 a.

[0053] (I) Heating mode: In winter, when the atmospheric transparency level is level 1, from 10:00 to 15:00 (i.e. T = 5h), referring to the "Engineering Technical Manual of Solar Water Heating Systems for Civil Buildings" and "Design Specifications for Urban Heating Networks", the average daily solar radiation intensity q1 in winter is about 15.48MJ / m 2 The indoor heat demand q2 is 49W / m 2 , the efficiency ε of the solar collector 5 is 45%, the optical efficiency δ of the mirror field 7 is 75%, and the heating area of ​​the solar collector 5 is A = 100m 2 , the scale of farm 11 is L = 45m, W = 10m, and 4.5m high. The daytime in Tianjin in winter is 10 hours, and heat loss is not considered. Then:

[0054] The heat Q1 provided by solar energy is:

[0055]

[0056] The heat required for the indoor space of farm 11, Q2, is:

[0057] Q2=q2LWT=49W / m 2 ×45m×10m×5×3600=396.9MJ

[0058] During a clear day, there is plenty of sunshine. From 10:00 to 15:00, the heat Q1 provided by solar energy is calculated to be 609.525 MJ, while the heat Q2 required indoors in the farm 11 is 396.9 MJ, Q1>Q2. During the day, the stop valve eight 25, the stop valve ten 27, the stop valve eleven 28, the butterfly valve six 36, and the butterfly valve seven 37 are opened, and the stop valve nine 26 and the butterfly valve three 33 are closed. Part of the heat is stored in the building wall formed by the phase change material 10, and the other part of the heat is supplied to the heating equipment through the heat exchanger five 49; at night, the stop valve nine 26 and the butterfly valve three 33 are opened, and the stop valve eight 25, the stop valve ten 27, the stop valve eleven 28, the butterfly valve six 36, and the butterfly valve seven 37 are closed. The building wall formed by the phase change material 10 releases heat and the heat storage tank one 8 is supplied to the heating equipment. It can be seen that the solar energy absorbed during a clear day is sufficient to meet the heating needs of the farm 11 and the greenhouse 17, and the excess heat will be stored in the phase change material for use at night, in conjunction with the gas boiler 2. Q1 = 609.525MJ, and the calorific value of one ton of coal is 29.27MJ. It can be calculated that the heat absorbed by the solar collector 5 in a day can be converted into 20.82 tons of coal, which greatly reduces the burning of coal, and also reduces the emission of greenhouse gases, protecting the environment.

[0059] The calories Q3 required by farm 11 per day is:

[0060] Q3=q2LWT1=49W / m 2 ×45m×10m×24×3600=1905.12MJ

[0061] When the weather is clear, the heat Q4 provided by solar energy is:

[0062] Q4=q1(1+δ)AεT=15.48MJ / m 2 ×(1+0.75)×100m 2 ×45%=1219.05MJ

[0063] Assuming that the heat collected by the farm 11 and the greenhouse 17 from solar energy is the same as the heat required, in addition to the heat provided by the solar energy, the heat Q5 provided by the gas boiler 2 is:

[0064] Q5=2(Q3-Q4)=2(1905.12MJ-1219.05MJ)=1372.14MJ

[0065] In the heat exchange process, assuming that there is no heat loss, the efficiency ε1 of the gas boiler 2 is 90%, so the actual heat Q6 that the gas boiler 2 needs to provide is:

[0066]

[0067] According to the data, the calorific value of methane q3 is 35590KJ / kg, so the mass m1 of methane required is:

[0068]

[0069] The relative molecular mass M1 of methane is 16 g / mol, so the amount of methane required n1 is:

[0070]

[0071] According to CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O, the amount of CO2 produced, n2, is 2677.37 mol, so the mass of CO2 produced, m2, is:

[0072] m2=M2n2=44g / mol×2677.37mol≈117.80kg

[0073] According to online searches, plants generally absorb 45 mg / dm of CO2. 2 h, so the mass of carbon dioxide absorbed by the plants in the greenhouse 17 is m3:

[0074] m3=45mg / dm 2 ·h×45m×10m×10 4 ×10=2025kg

[0075] According to calculation, the carbon dioxide absorbed by the plants is much greater than the carbon dioxide produced by the gas boiler 2, so the carbon dioxide produced by the gas boiler 2 can be completely supplied to the greenhouse 17, thereby reducing the emission of greenhouse gases and protecting the environment.

[0076] (II) Power generation mode: From 10:00 to 15:00, the sunlight is strong, so the peak sunshine hours T in Tianjin is taken as 5 hours, the peak working current I of the solar panel is 8.58A, the working voltage is 36V, the slope correction coefficient γ is 1, and the attenuation loss coefficient K of the solar panel is 0.8. Assuming that the solar panels are connected in series, 4 arrays, and 10 solar panels in one array, then

[0077] The daily power generation of solar panels is:

[0078] W=ITγKnU=9A×5h×1×0.9×40×30V=43.2kWh

[0079] Assuming that the greenhouse 17 requires 100 kWh of electricity per day, the solar energy generated is combined with the steam turbine to fully utilize the solar energy.

[0080] Any matters not described in the present invention are applicable to the prior art.

Claims

1. A solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system, characterized in that: The system includes a biogas tank, a gas boiler, a flash evaporator, a steam turbine, a hot water storage tank 1, a hot water storage tank 2, a breeding farm, a greenhouse, a pressure gauge, a pump 1, a pump 2, a pump 3, a pump 6, a heat exchanger 1, a heat exchanger 2, a heat exchanger 3, a heat exchanger 4, an induced draft fan 1 and an induced draft fan 2; the breeding farm and the greenhouse are both equipped with solar heating modules and solar power generation modules; The liquid outlet of the biogas tank is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 1 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 3, a pump 1 and a butterfly valve 1 are arranged on the pipeline; the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 1 is connected to the liquid inlet of the biogas tank through a pipeline, and a stop valve 2 is arranged on the pipeline; the biogas outlet of the biogas tank is connected to the biogas inlet of the gas boiler through a pipeline, and a stop valve 4 and a pressure gauge are arranged on the pipeline, and the pressure gauge is used to monitor the intake pressure; The hot water outlet of the gas boiler is connected to the water inlet of the flash evaporator through a pipeline, and a stop valve 5 is arranged on the pipeline; the water vapor outlet of the flash evaporator is connected to the air inlet of the steam turbine through a pipeline, the exhaust port of the steam turbine is connected to the air inlet of the steam turbine through a pipeline, and the exhaust steam outlet of the steam turbine is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 1 through a pipeline; the liquid water outlet of the flash evaporator is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline; the hot side outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 3 and the hot side outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 1 are connected to the cold water inlet pipeline of the gas boiler through a tee, and a pump 2 and a butterfly valve 2 are arranged on the cold water inlet pipeline of the gas boiler; The oxygen-enriched gas outlet of the greenhouse is connected to the air inlet of the induced draft fan 1 through a pipeline; the air outlet of the induced draft fan 1 is connected to the oxygen-enriched gas inlet of the gas boiler through a pipeline, and a stop valve 7 is provided on the pipeline; the flue gas outlet of the gas boiler is connected to the air inlet of the induced draft fan 2 through a pipeline, and a stop valve 6 is provided on the pipeline; the air outlet of the induced draft fan 2 is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 4 through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the gas inlet of the greenhouse; The outlet of the heating equipment in the farm is connected to the cold side inlet of the water storage tank 1 and the cold working medium supply end of the solar heating module in the farm through a tee; the inlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side outlet of the water storage tank 1 and the hot working medium supply end of the solar heating module through a tee, and a stop valve 9 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the water storage tank 1 and the inlet of the heating equipment; the hot side inlet of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline; the hot side outlet of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline, and a pump 3 and a butterfly valve 3 are arranged on the pipeline; The outlet of the heating equipment in the greenhouse is connected to the cold side inlet of the hot water storage tank 2 and the cold working medium supply end of the solar heating module in the greenhouse through a tee; the inlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 and the hot working medium supply end of the solar heating module through a tee, and a stop valve 1 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 and the inlet of the heating equipment; the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 4 and the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 3 are both connected to the hot side outlet of the hot water storage tank 2 through a tee, a pump 6 and a butterfly valve 5 are arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hot water storage tank 2 and the heat exchanger 4, and a pump 6 and a butterfly valve 4 are arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hot water storage tank 2 and the heat exchanger 3; the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 4 and the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 3 are both connected to the hot side inlet of the hot water storage tank 2 through a tee, a stop valve 13 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hot water storage tank 2 and the heat exchanger 4, and a stop valve 12 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hot water storage tank 2 and the heat exchanger 3; The current output end of the solar power generation module is electrically connected to the power loads in the breeding farm and the greenhouse; the current output end of the steam turbine is electrically connected to the power loads in the breeding farm and the greenhouse and the national power grid respectively.

2. The solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solar heating module includes a solar collector, a phase change material, a pump four, a pump five and a heat exchanger five; The hot working medium supply end of the solar thermal collector is connected to the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger five and the heat absorption end of the phase change material through a tee, a stop valve ten is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the solar thermal collector and the heat exchanger five, and a stop valve eleven is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the solar thermal collector and the phase change material; the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger five is connected to the cold working medium supply end of the solar thermal collector through a pipeline, and a pump four and a butterfly valve six are arranged on the pipeline; the output end of the phase change material is connected to the cold working medium supply end of the solar thermal collector through a pipeline, and a pump five and a butterfly valve seven are arranged on the pipeline; the outlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side inlet of the hot water storage tank one and the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger five through a tee; the inlet of the heating equipment is connected to the cold side outlet of the hot water storage tank one and the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger five through a tee, and a stop valve eight is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger five and the inlet of the heating equipment.

3. The solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Nanofluid is used as the working medium in the solar collector.

4. The solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A thermometer is installed at the inlet of the heating equipment to test the inlet water temperature.

5. The solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solar power generation module includes a solar panel, a combiner box, a DC switch, a charge controller, an energy storage battery and an inverter; The current output end of the solar panel is electrically connected to the current input end of the combiner box, and the current output end of the combiner box is electrically connected to the current input end of the inverter and the current input end of the energy storage battery through a DC switch, and the DC switch controls the power supply; the positive and negative poles of the charge controller are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the energy storage battery respectively; the current output end of the inverter is electrically connected to the power load.

6. The solar energy and biogas cogeneration heating and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a field of mirrors that work with solar collectors and solar panels to concentrate more sunlight.

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