Nanometer negative ion-based non-filter screen air filtration system and air filtration method

Abstract

Based on nanometer negative ion filterless air filtration system and air filtration method, liquid water molecules are converted into gaseous water molecules by heating, the volume expands more than 1000 times after state change, the water vapor of nanometer level is realized, and can be more evenly diffused to the side of the polluted particulate matters in the environment to carry out adsorption. In order to increase the adsorption speed, metal springs and narrow metal pipes are added in the steam leading-out stage, so that the steam is rubbed to generate negative ions. Under the action of negative ion static electricity, the water molecules are combined with the pollutants to accelerate, and the combined pollutants are quickly condensed and settled under the action of the refrigeration device. In addition, the application also uses titanium dioxide as a toxic substance decomposition source to decompose and purify the pollutants in the air, and finally realizes the purpose of purifying the air. Through the whole device, the air is purified, and finally the suspended particles, general toxic gases and bacteria in the air are filtered, decomposed and killed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air filtration technology, and specifically to an operation method of a filterless air filtration system based on nano-negative ion technology. Background Technology

[0002] People breathe every moment, and the quality of the air constantly affects human health.

[0003] Common air pollutants are generally classified into physical pollutants, chemical pollutants, biological pollutants, and radioactive pollutants based on their properties and formation mechanisms.

[0004] (1) Physical pollutants: These mainly include pollution caused by indoor and outdoor smoke and asbestos pollution. Particulate matter from outdoors is also a major air pollutant. Haze, smoking, cooking in the kitchen, and printing are the main causes of indoor particulate matter pollution. Asbestos is another major cause of indoor air pollution, and it is widely found in various building materials commonly used in cars and homes.

[0005] (2) Chemical pollutants: These include organic and inorganic gases. Hundreds of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as aromatic hydrocarbons, alkenes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and esters, are the main causes of air chemical pollution. Most VOCs have multiple indoor and outdoor sources. Semi-volatile organic compounds are considered a new type of chemical pollutant in indoor air, mainly originating from materials and products containing plasticizers (additives that enhance the flexibility and ductility of plastics) and flame retardants (additives that reduce the flammability of materials). Other household appliances, such as combustion heaters, stoves, and gas stoves, also release inorganic gases that pollute the indoor air, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and ozone.

[0006] (3) Biological pollutants: mainly composed of various organisms with highly variable and complex characteristics, such as animal allergens (some proteins contained in dust mites, feces and hair), bacteria, molds, fungi, spores, endotoxins, fungal toxins, etc. If they enter the human body, they will greatly make people sick.

[0007] There are three common methods for purifying physical pollutants in the air:

[0008] (1) Filtering: By continuously circulating the air through the filter, dust and bacteria in the air are filtered out, and the filtered air is blown out. The filter is mainly a HEPA filter.

[0009] (2) Activated carbon adsorption filtration: Activated carbon mainly uses its own loose and porous structure to adsorb gases in the air. After adsorption, the water molecules attached to the surface of the activated carbon are dried away by high temperature exposure, keeping the pores on the surface of the activated carbon open. In this way, it can continuously adsorb harmful gases such as formaldehyde until the activated carbon is saturated.

[0010] (3) Water mist adsorption: By atomizing water, suspended solid particles in the air are adsorbed and settled, thus achieving the effect of air purification.

[0011] Household air purifiers and industrial PM2.5 mist dust suppressors are becoming increasingly popular. However, air purifiers filter and purify the air through air filters. If these filters are not replaced for a long time, bacteria can easily grow, and these bacteria can escape into the air through the purifier, causing secondary pollution. Industrial PM2.5 mist dust suppressors, on the other hand, spray water mist to directly adsorb and accelerate the settling of suspended particles in the air. However, the settled suspended pollutants directly cover cars, trees, etc. on the road, affecting aesthetics. Moreover, after drying, they will be blown away again by the wind, meaning that the air filtration and purification is not fundamentally solved. Suspended particles and toxic substances still remain in the air, leading to secondary pollution of the filtration device. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Purpose of the invention: To purify suspended particles and toxic substances in the air, a filtration device that can quickly purify the air without producing secondary pollution has been developed. A filterless air filtration system and air filtration method based on nano-negative ions has been proposed, which can generate a sufficient amount of nano-level water vapor and generate a sufficient amount of negative ions in the process of steam generation.

[0013] Technical solution:

[0014] A filterless air filtration system based on nano-negative ions, which includes: a nano-negative ion vapor generator, a gas-liquid conversion and collection device, a harmful gas decomposition device, and a power supply device.

[0015] The nano-negative ion steam generating device is located above the system air inlet and communicates with the air inlet. Below the system air inlet, there is a first air duct. The outlet of the first air duct is connected to the inlet of the heating chamber of the gas-liquid conversion and collection device. The outlet of the heating chamber is connected to the inlet of the second air duct. The second air duct is connected to the system air outlet.

[0016] Both air duct one and air duct two are equipped with sewage sedimentation plates at their bottoms;

[0017] The harmful gas decomposition device is located between the second air duct and the system air outlet;

[0018] The power supply device is used to provide working power to the nano-negative ion vapor generating device, the gas-liquid conversion and collection device, and the harmful gas decomposition device.

[0019] Preferably, the first and second air ducts are provided with a number of wind baffles arranged in an alternating, inclined manner, which form a zigzag flow channel.

[0020] Preferably, the wastewater sedimentation plate has a "V" shaped structure;

[0021] Preferably, the harmful gas decomposition device is equipped with a TiO2 photocatalyst;

[0022] Furthermore, the nano-negative ion steam generating device includes a steam switch, a heating chamber and a water pump respectively connected to the steam switch, and the water pump is connected to a water tank.

[0023] Furthermore, the gas-liquid conversion and collection device is a closed space, and the closed space is equipped with: a semiconductor refrigeration condenser and a sewage collection filter and an exhaust fan respectively connected to the semiconductor refrigeration condenser;

[0024] The semiconductor refrigeration condenser is connected to a water tank via a wastewater collection filter.

[0025] Furthermore, the semiconductor cooling condenser of the gas-liquid conversion and collection device is connected to the heating chamber of the nano-negative ion vapor generator for outputting nano-negative ion vapor from the heating chamber.

[0026] Furthermore, the air outlet channel of the heating cavity adopts a copper pipe structure, and the inner surface of the heating cavity is a polygonal convex structure arranged in a matrix.

[0027] Furthermore, the pipe connecting the heating cavity to the semiconductor cooling chip condenser is also connected to a sealed space.

[0028] Furthermore, the power supply device includes a 220V AC power supply and a 12V DC power supply;

[0029] The 220V AC power supply is connected to the steam switch of the nano-negative ion steam generator; the 12V DC power supply is connected to the semiconductor cooling condenser of the gas-liquid conversion and collection device and the exhaust fan at the air outlet.

[0030] Air filtration method based on a filterless air filtration system using nano-negative ions:

[0031] Step 1: The air to be purified is introduced into the system through the system air inlet, and settles once in the air duct 1 under the adsorption and aggregation effect of nano water vapor and negative ions generated by the nano steam and nano negative ion steam generator.

[0032] Step 2: After the first settling, the air further enters the gas-liquid conversion and collection device, where some of the air is converted from gaseous to liquid state, and the suspended mixture therein undergoes secondary settling.

[0033] Step 3: After secondary settling, the air enters the harmful gas decomposition device through the second air duct, where the part that was not decomposed or settled by negative ion vapor is decomposed again, and finally comes out from the system outlet.

[0034] The preparation of nano-water vapor in step 1 is achieved by controlling the entire nano-negative ion steam generating device through the steam switch. After being turned on, the heating chamber preheats, and after reaching 130 degrees Celsius, the switch is turned off, and the heating chamber stops heating. When it reaches 80 degrees Celsius, the switch is turned on again, and the water pump starts working, injecting water into the heating chamber. When the temperature of the heating chamber drops to 120 degrees Celsius, the switch is turned on again, and the heating chamber resumes heating. This cycle continues, and the temperature of the heating chamber is maintained at 120-130 degrees Celsius, generating water vapor. The high temperature of the heating chamber vaporizes water molecules, and under high temperature and high pressure, the water vapor particles reach the nanoscale.

[0035] The gas-liquid conversion and collection device described in step 2 includes TiO2, which is an n-type semiconductor. The TiO2 is a sprayed thin film, and the hydroxyl groups on its surface can oxidize contaminants adsorbed on the TiO2 surface into carbon dioxide, water, and small molecules; that is...

[0036] The semiconductor refrigeration condenser of the gas-liquid conversion collection device cools the water vapor, converting it from a gaseous state to a liquid state, thereby enabling the aggregation and sedimentation of water vapor and solid suspended matter.

[0037] After the heating chamber produces nano-water vapor, it is quickly sent into the gas-liquid conversion and collection device. When the water vapor rushes out of the pipe, the water molecules generate negative ions through friction with the pipe. The metal electrons are highly active and generate an electric field in the surrounding environment. Under the action of the electric field, the suspended particles are polarized. The negative ions repel each other due to the Coulomb force. During the repulsion process, they collide with dust in the air and are adsorbed and agglomerated together.

[0038] Specifically, the semiconductor cooling condenser is supplied with clean air drawn out by the exhaust fan to a sealed space. The semiconductor cooling condenser is connected to a water tank through a wastewater collection filter. The sealed space applies negative pressure to the output nano-negative ion vapor, causing the polluting gas to merge with the nano-vapor.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

[0040] This invention primarily focuses on the filtration and purification of physical pollutants in the air, with a particular emphasis on air filtration technology that targets small particulate solid pollutants, avoids secondary pollution, and possesses certain disinfection and purification functions. The invention transforms liquid water molecules into gaseous water molecules through heating (with added high-temperature sterilization properties). This state change causes the gas to expand more than 1000 times in volume, creating nanoscale water vapor that can diffuse more evenly to adsorb pollutant particles in the environment. To increase the adsorption rate, a metal spring and a narrow metal tube are added during the steam extraction stage, causing friction between the steam and the gas to generate negative ions. Under the electrostatic effect of these negative ions, the combination of water molecules and pollutants is accelerated. The combined pollutants then rapidly condense and settle under the action of a refrigeration device. Furthermore, this invention utilizes titanium dioxide as a decomposition source for toxic substances, decomposing and purifying airborne pollutants to ultimately achieve air purification. The entire device purifies the air, ultimately filtering, decomposing, and eliminating suspended particles, common toxic gases, and bacteria. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the heating cavity of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the semiconductor refrigeration condenser of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the photocatalytic principle of nano-TiO2 in this invention.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a graph showing how the purification effect of the present invention changes over time.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the settling efficiency of the present invention as a function of water vapor density.

[0048] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the effect of the condensation device of the present invention on the settling efficiency.

[0049] Figure 9 This is a frontal view of the air circulation path diagram of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a top air circulation path diagram of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a system experimental test diagram of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 12 The structure increases the heat-conducting area of ​​the heating cavity in this invention;

[0053] Figure 13 The following are images showing the sedimentation of pollutants after the experiment of this invention; wherein, Figure (1) is a sedimentation diagram of pollutants and Figure (2) is a purified liquid.

[0054] Figure label:

[0055] 1. Nano-negative ion steam generator, 2. Gas-liquid conversion and collection device, 3. Power supply device, 4. Steam switch, 5. Heating chamber, 6. Water pump, 7. Water tank, 8. Semiconductor refrigeration condenser, 9. Sewage collection filter, 10. Exhaust fan, 11. Enclosed space, 12. Water deposition plate, 13. Air inlet, 14. Air outlet, 15. Air duct one, 16. Air duct two, 17. Insulator, 18. Metal conductor, 19. Hot end, 20. Cold end. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This is an explanation of the present invention and not a limitation thereof.

[0057] Combined with appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 3 A filterless air filtration system based on nano-negative ions, comprising: a nano-negative ion vapor generator 1, a gas-liquid conversion and collection device 2, a harmful gas decomposition device, and a power supply device 3;

[0058] The nano negative ion steam generator 1 is located above the system air inlet 13 and communicates with the air inlet 13. The system air inlet 13 is provided with a first air duct 15 below it. The outlet of the first air duct 15 is connected to the inlet of the heating chamber 5 of the gas-liquid conversion and collection device 2. The outlet of the heating chamber 5 is connected to the inlet of the second air duct 16. The second air duct 16 is connected to the system air outlet 14.

[0059] Both air duct 15 and air duct 2 are equipped with sewage sedimentation plates 12 at their bottom;

[0060] The harmful gas decomposition device is located between the air duct 16 and the system air outlet 14;

[0061] The power supply device 3 is used to provide working power to the nano negative ion steam generator 1, the gas-liquid conversion and collection device 2, and the harmful gas decomposition device.

[0062] Preferably, air duct 15 and air duct 2 are provided with a number of wind baffles arranged in an alternating and inclined manner, which form a zigzag flow channel.

[0063] Preferably, the wastewater sedimentation plate 12 has a "V" shaped structure;

[0064] Preferably, the harmful gas decomposition device is equipped with a TiO2 photocatalyst;

[0065] Furthermore, the nano-negative ion steam generating device 1 includes a steam switch 4, a heating chamber 5 and a water pump 6 respectively connected to the steam switch 4, and the water pump 6 is connected to a water tank 7.

[0066] Furthermore, the gas-liquid conversion and collection device 2 is a closed space 11, which is equipped with: a semiconductor cooling chip condenser 8 and a sewage collection filter 9 and an exhaust fan 10 respectively connected to the semiconductor cooling chip condenser 8.

[0067] The semiconductor refrigeration condenser 8 is connected to the water tank 7 via a wastewater collection filter 9.

[0068] Furthermore, the semiconductor cooling condenser 8 of the gas-liquid conversion and collection device 2 is connected to the heating chamber 5 of the nano-negative ion steam generating device 1 for outputting nano-negative ion steam to the heating chamber 5.

[0069] Furthermore, the air outlet channel of the heating chamber 5 adopts a copper pipe structure, and the inner surface of the heating chamber 5 is a polygonal convex structure arranged in a matrix.

[0070] Furthermore, the pipe connecting the heating chamber 5 to the semiconductor cooling condenser 8 is also connected to the sealed space 11.

[0071] Specifically, the nano-negative ion steam generating device 1 is equipped with an ultrasonic atomizing transducer, which is a high-frequency resonant ceramic atomizing plate. The generated ultrasonic waves atomize water from the liquid phase to the gas phase, capturing particulate matter into a solid phase, which then enters the photoelectrocatalytic section through the steam outlet. The photoelectrocatalytic section includes an ultraviolet light generator, a photoelectrocatalytic positive electrode, and a negative electrode, with the negative electrode located between the photoelectrocatalytic positive electrode and the ultraviolet light generator. The negative ion release section includes nano-negative ion powder, which, under the photoelectric effect of ultraviolet light, catalyzes the separation of ultrasonically atomized water molecules to generate negative oxygen ions. It combines multiple physical means such as photoelectrocatalysis technology, steam phase change technology, microporous filtration technology, and negative ion activation technology, and has functions such as filtration and dust removal, decomposition and dust removal, sterilization and disinfection, air humidification, and negative oxygen ion release.

[0072] The process of water changing from a gaseous to a liquid state requires the release of a large amount of heat energy. If the air temperature is too high, this conversion process will be relatively slow, making it difficult to filter pollutants from the air through sedimentation. The gas-liquid conversion and collection device 2 of this invention (combined with...) Figure 9-11The invention uses a semiconductor refrigeration condenser 8 to condense the generated steam mixing space and collect the mixed liquid. This process provides a sustainable heat-absorbing environment for the gas to be converted into a liquid state, which greatly accelerates the aggregation of water and pollutants, thereby speeding up the sedimentation of pollutants.

[0073] More specifically, the system's external materials are made of PC plastic. The nano-negative ion steam generator 1 is placed above the semiconductor cooling condenser 8, and steam is sprayed down into the semiconductor cooling condenser 8 from the top air inlet 13. An exhaust fan 10 is placed next to the steam outlet, with the airflow forming a 90-degree angle with the steam, collecting the sediment after reacting with pollutants in the air (see details). Figure 13 The negative ion steam generation chamber, under the combined action of water pump 6, heat, and electricity, generates nanoscale water vapor and negative ions. The water vapor reacts with airborne suspended particles, destabilizes, and combines with each other, then follows the pipe into the semiconductor cooling condenser 8 for settling. The settled wastewater is deposited on the funnel-shaped water collection plate 12 at the bottom of the system, and the purified air follows the pipe to the air outlet 14.

[0074] Air filtration method based on a filterless air filtration system using nano-negative ions:

[0075] Step 1: The air to be purified is introduced into the system through the system air inlet 13, and settles once in the air duct 15 under the adsorption and aggregation effect of nano water vapor and negative ions generated by the nano steam and nano negative ion steam generator 1.

[0076] Step 2: After the first settling, the air further enters the gas-liquid conversion and collection device 2, where part of the air is converted from gaseous to liquid, and the suspended mixture therein undergoes secondary settling.

[0077] Step 3: After secondary settling, the air enters the harmful gas decomposition device through the second air duct 16 to perform secondary decomposition on the part that was not decomposed or settled by negative ion vapor, and finally comes out from the system outlet 14.

[0078] In step 1, the preparation of nano-water vapor is achieved by controlling the entire nano-negative ion steam generating device 1 via steam switch 4. After being turned on, the heating chamber 5 preheats. Once it reaches 130 degrees Celsius, steam switch 4 is turned off, and the heating chamber 5 stops heating. When it reaches 80 degrees Celsius, steam switch 4 is turned on again, and water pump 6 starts working, injecting water into the heating chamber 5. When the temperature of the heating chamber 5 drops to 120 degrees Celsius, steam switch 4 is turned on again, and the heating chamber 5 resumes heating. This cycle continues, and the temperature of the heating chamber 5 is maintained at 120-130 degrees Celsius, generating water vapor. The high temperature of the heating chamber 5 vaporizes water molecules, and under high temperature and high pressure, the water vapor particles reach the nanoscale.

[0079] Specifically, water exists in its gaseous state as water molecules, which are currently the smallest water molecule particles we can recognize. When water absorbs enough energy, it can transform from a liquid to a vapor, reaching a nanoscale state. However, when gaseous water molecules come into contact with air, their heat is carried away by the air, and they transform into a liquid state. In this continuous process of vaporization and liquefaction, a large number of nanoscale water vapor particles are generated in the space, eventually reaching equilibrium. Based on this experimental principle, this invention designs a device that can rapidly heat up and vaporize liquid water (combined with...). Figure 9-11 This achieves the conversion of liquid water to vaporized water, that is... Figure 1 The heating chamber 5 is shown in the control principle diagram of the heating chamber 5 as follows. Figure 2 As shown:

[0080] Power supply device 3 includes a 220V AC power supply and a 12V DC power supply;

[0081] A 220V AC power supply is connected to the steam switch 4 of the nano negative ion steam generator 1; a 12V DC power supply is connected to the semiconductor cooling condenser 8 of the gas-liquid conversion and collection device 2 and the exhaust fan 10 at the air outlet 14.

[0082] Specifically, both the heating chamber 5 and the water pump 6 are powered by 220V AC and controlled by the steam switch 4. When the steam switch 4 is pressed, the heating chamber 5 begins preheating. Once the mechanical steam switch 4 (normally closed) reaches its operating temperature of 130 degrees Celsius, it opens, and the heating chamber 5 stops heating. Simultaneously, the temperature of the mechanical steam switch 4 (normally open) reaches 80 degrees Celsius, and it closes, allowing the water pump 6 to inject water into the heating chamber 5. When the temperature of the heating chamber 5 drops to 120 degrees Celsius, the steam switch 4 closes again, and the heating chamber 5 resumes heating. This cycle continues, maintaining the heating chamber 5 at a temperature between 120 and 130 degrees Celsius.

[0083] One liter of water at standard atmospheric pressure expands to 1700 times its original volume when it evaporates into water vapor, thus the water vapor particles are at the nanometer level.

[0084] Specifically, the process of water changing from a liquid to a gaseous state through heating involves a change in state. Under standard conditions (0°C, 1 atm), the volume of 1 mole of an ideal gas is 22.4 liters. Under constant pressure, temperature and volume have the following relationship:

[0085] V1 / T1=V2 / T2, where: V: gas volume (liters); T: absolute temperature (K Kelvin);

[0086] At 100℃: the volume of 1 mole of water vapor is 22.4 × 373.15 / 273.15 = 30.6 liters;

[0087] One liter of water equals 1000 grams, and the molar mass of water is 18 grams per mole.

[0088] One liter of water contains 1000 / 18 = 55.56 moles;

[0089] The volume of water vapor from 1 liter of water is: 55.56 × 30.6 = 1700 liters;

[0090] In other words, at 1 standard atmosphere: 1 liter of water, after turning into water vapor, has a volume of 1700 liters, meaning its volume expands 1700 times. With this increased volume, the air quickly fills with water molecules, allowing suspended particles to be adsorbed more quickly, increasing their own gravity and accelerating aggregation and sedimentation. When the temperature of heating chamber 5 reaches 100-140℃, water reaches heating chamber 5 through the liquid pushing device. Heating chamber 5 generates high temperatures that vaporize the water molecules. Under high temperature and pressure, the water vapor particles reach the nanoscale. When water vapor particles become nanoscale, the particles are smaller, allowing for the cleaning of a larger area with less water, while also achieving a finer cleanliness, greatly improving filtration and purification efficiency. Simultaneously, the high-temperature steam provides a high-temperature sterilization effect, ensuring that the gas purified by the nano-water vapor will not experience secondary pollution after passing through the air.

[0091] Furthermore, the semiconductor refrigeration condenser of the gas-liquid conversion collection device contains a TiO2 photocatalyst. TiO2 is an n-type semiconductor, and the hydroxyl groups on the surface of TiO2 can oxidize pollutants adsorbed on the TiO2 surface into carbon dioxide, water, and small molecules; that is...

[0092] Specifically, this invention adds a TiO2 photocatalyst, which can decompose and purify pollutants in the air under the catalytic action of light. It can effectively degrade harmful gases such as formaldehyde, benzene, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and xylene in the air.

[0093] This is mainly because TiO2 is an n-type semiconductor, which consists of a high-energy valence band and a low-energy conduction band. The valence band carries a large number of electrons, and the conduction band contains holes. Between the inverted band and the valence band is a 3.2 eV band gap. Only when the light energy is greater than or equal to the band gap width can the electrons in the valence band be excited and jump to the inverted band, thus creating holes in the valence band, forming a highly active electron-hole pair.

[0094]

[0095] Holes have a strong ability to gain electrons, allowing them to steal electrons from the particle surface and oxidize the molecules adsorbed on the TiO2 surface. Some holes can also be reduced by gaining electrons. Figure 5 )

[0096] At the valence band, water molecules on the TiO2 surface react with hydroxide ions to form hydroxyl groups. These hydroxyl groups possess strong oxidizing properties. Then, electrons react with molecular oxygen on the TiO2 surface to produce superoxide ions, which in turn generate hydroxide ions. The specific reaction equations are as follows:

[0097] OH - +h + →·OH

[0098] H2O+h + →·OH+H +

[0099]

[0100] H2O2+e - →·OH+OH -

[0101] The TiO2 is a sprayed thin film, and the hydroxyl groups on its surface have strong oxidizing properties. During the reaction, superoxide ions also possess strong oxidizing properties. These strong oxidizing substances can oxidize contaminants adsorbed on the TiO2 surface into carbon dioxide.

[0102] Carbon dioxide, water, and small molecules. That is...

[0103] Therefore, TiO2 can degrade pollutants in the air, such as formaldehyde, benzene, xylene, and acetone, and filter small molecules through nano-vapor, without causing secondary pollution.

[0104] Furthermore, the semiconductor cooling condenser of the gas-liquid conversion collection device 2 cools the water vapor, converting it from a gaseous state to a liquid state, thereby enabling the aggregation and sedimentation of water vapor and solid suspended matter.

[0105] Furthermore, after the heating chamber 5 produces nano-water vapor, it is quickly sent into the gas-liquid conversion and collection device 2. When the water vapor rushes out of the pipe, the water molecules generate negative ions through friction with the pipe. The metal electrons are highly active and generate an electric field on the surrounding environment. Under the action of the electric field, the suspended particles are polarized. The negative ions will repel each other due to the Coulomb force. During the repulsion process, they collide with dust in the air and adsorb and agglomerate together.

[0106] Specifically, the generation of negative ions: Based on the principle of triboelectricity, when water vapor rushes out of the narrow pipe opening, water molecules generate negative ions through friction with the pipe. Since metals have particularly high electron mobility, metal is considered as the material for steam pipes, which will generate a relatively larger number of negative ions. At the same time, since the material of different pipes has a significant impact on the number of negative ions generated, various different pipes will be used for comparative testing to select the most suitable material for generating negative ions as the material for making steam pipes.

[0107] Initially, suspended particles in the air do not possess any electrical charge. However, the steam generation system simultaneously produces negative ions, filling the air with negative ion water vapor. As charged ions, these ions generate an electric field in their surroundings. Under the influence of this electric field, the suspended particles become polarized. The negative ions repel each other due to Coulomb forces, causing them to collide with and agglomerate with airborne dust particles. As the number of dust particles adsorbed increases, the resulting gravitational force strengthens, leading to sedimentation.

[0108] Due to their small particle size and high activity, negative ions can quickly diffuse to every corner of a room by utilizing the diffuser properties of gases. They actively combine with air pollutants, such as formaldehyde, toluene, and TVOCs from renovations, reacting to decompose them into non-toxic carbon dioxide and water, thus alleviating residual pollution to some extent. Negative ions (negative oxygen ions) in the air, upon contact with bacteria, mold, and viruses, disrupt their molecular protein structures, causing structural changes (protein polarity reversal) or energy transfer, thereby killing these microorganisms. However, appropriate concentrations of negative ions are not only harmless to humans but also beneficial to human health. "Negative ion sterilization" is an additional finding obtained during research on the role of negative ions in promoting adsorption and sedimentation.

[0109] The semiconductor condenser 8 contains two semiconductor condenser plates; when the device is powered on, the condenser plates are automatically turned on. While cooling, a cooling fan is also provided around the condenser plates to dissipate heat and continuously cool the condenser plates. The cooling fan is located above and below the condenser plates (not shown in the figure); the exhaust fan 10 for air supply starts to work, one of which supplies air into the sewage collection filter, and the other supplies air into the enclosed space.

[0110] Furthermore, the clean air drawn out by the exhaust fan 10 is transported to the sealed space 11 by the semiconductor cooling condenser 8. The semiconductor cooling condenser 8 is connected to the water tank through the sewage collection filter 9. The sealed space 11 applies negative pressure to the output nano-negative ion vapor, causing the polluting gas to merge with the nano-vapor.

[0111] Specifically, the semiconductor cooling condenser 8 rapidly converts water vapor from a gaseous state to a liquid state by cooling it, thereby accelerating the aggregation of water vapor and solid suspended particles to achieve sedimentation. Through the condensate filtration process, suspended particles in the air are naturally filtered through sedimentation.

[0112] The semiconductor cooling condenser 8 is primarily powered by a 12V power supply. Internally, it contains two semiconductor cooling condensers, two cooling fans for the condensers, and two other fans. The device automatically turns on upon power-up. One side of the cooling condenser begins cooling, while the cooling fan on the other side dissipates heat, ensuring continuous cooling. The other two fans operate, one drawing air into the purifier and the other blowing air out. The specific air circulation path is as follows... Figure 9 As shown.

[0113] Example

[0114] During the experiment, the Hanwang M1 air quality monitor was used to monitor the concentration of pollutants before and after passing through the nano-water vapor negative ion purification section. The prototype system was tested in an environment such as... Figure 10 As shown.

[0115] Equipment: The main experimental materials are a glass experimental chamber and a PM2.5 suspended matter generator; the measuring instrument is a Hanwang haze meter; the device uses a filterless air filter.

[0116] The harmful gas decomposition device is made by purchasing titanium dioxide powder from the market, dispersing it in a solution, and then spraying it onto a plastic sheet. When the gas passes through, it is decomposed by contact.

[0117] During the experiment, the main principle was to utilize nano-water vapor and negative ions to adsorb and agglomerate PM2.5 and other harmful substances, thereby accelerating their settling under increased gravity after agglomeration. PM2.5, due to its low mass and the interaction with airflow, remains suspended in the air for extended periods. This system works by using negative water vapor ions to combine with suspended particles, then accelerating the conversion of the vapor from a gaseous to a liquid state through a condensation device. This accelerates the agglomeration of the mixture, rapidly increasing its mass and achieving a settling effect, thus removing pollutants. The nano-negative ion purification system features a settling ramp; at a certain angle, it effectively filters the condensed liquid, improving liquid recirculation efficiency and reducing the inconvenience of frequent water replenishment.

[0118] Nanoscale water vapor particle size testing was conducted. The Winner311XP spray laser particle size analyzer is a benchtop spray laser particle size analyzer specifically designed and developed for droplet particle size testing of small spray devices. It can perform non-contact measurement of mist droplets and liquid droplets dispersed in the air. Experimental operations and data acquisition were performed to test how many water molecules (particles / ml) the steam generating device can produce per milliliter and to check whether the steam water molecules have reached the nanoscale.

[0119] Experimental steps: 1. The instrument input voltage is 220V, and the test range is 0.1-100um.

[0120] 2. The test environment temperature is (25℃±3℃) and the humidity is (50%RH±10%).

[0121] 3. Testing Procedure: (1) Turn on the instrument according to the instrument's operating instructions. (2) After the sample has been turned on for 1 minute and the steam output has stabilized, position the steam outlet of the sample at a 45-degree angle, 150mm away from the instrument's testing area. (3) Click the "Start Acquisition" button on the instrument software to begin data acquisition. The computer will then display the acquired energy spectrum. The acquisition will end when 160 data points have been collected. (4) Data processing: Delete data points that differ from the median by 10%, and use the instrument's software to calculate the average of the remaining data.

[0122] (5) Record the final data and analyze it. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0123]

[0124] Table 1. Results of nano-water vapor particle size analysis

[0125] Combining the data on "average particle size" and "density," the water vapor generator can produce water vapor molecules at the nanoscale. Furthermore, the "nanoscale data" section clearly shows that the percentage of water molecules produced by the water vapor generator with a size smaller than 0.11 μm is 10.57%, approximately 1,588,204 particles / ml of water molecules reaching the nanoscale, making it a truly capable device for generating nanoscale water vapor.

[0126] Negative ion testing: For negative ion detection: 1. AIC2000 negative ion detector, measurable range: 1000 ions - 200 million ions / cm² 3 2. Prototype System

[0127] The testing process uses testing instruments to collect data, and the process is as follows:

[0128] 1. Ground the grounding terminal of the negative ion detector.

[0129] 2. Turn on the detection equipment and zero out the negative ion count (to remove interference from the environment).

[0130] 3. Spray water vapor near the detection port of the negative ion detection device.

[0131] 4. The testing equipment will perform a ventilation circulation test to measure the values.

[0132] Purification efficiency test of filterless air filtration system based on nano-negative ions:

[0133] First, the effectiveness of the filterless air filtration system based on nano-negative ion technology was compared with other commonly used filtration devices to verify its efficiency. Three commonly used filtration technologies were selected: activated carbon physical adsorption, HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filter, and photocatalytic technology. Activated carbon is a porous carbonaceous material with a highly developed pore structure. This porous structure provides a large surface area, allowing for full contact with air and thus giving it unique adsorption capabilities. Furthermore, all molecules have mutual attraction; the numerous molecules on the pore walls of activated carbon can generate strong attraction, thereby attracting harmful impurities into the pores. HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filters perform physical filtration. HEPA filters are typically composed of chemical fibers or glass fibers, and common HEPA filters consist of multi-layered folded fiber membranes. They have high filtration efficiency for particles larger than 0.3 micrometers in diameter and are the most effective filtration medium for pollutants such as smoke, dust particles, and bacteria. Photocatalytic technology: Under light irradiation, photocatalytic substances decompose organic matter into carbon dioxide and water, while destroying bacterial cell membranes, solidifying viral proteins, and changing the living environment of bacteria and viruses, thereby killing them.

[0134] Experimental setup such as Figure 9 As shown, the effects of various air purification methods are compared first. The main focus is on observing the effects of each purification method on the deposition and removal of PM2.5 and PM10.

[0135] Experimental steps: 1. The experimental environment is kept at a constant temperature and humidity.

[0136] 2. Place particles (cigarette smoke) inside the experimental apparatus until the concentration of pollutants inside stabilizes.

[0137] 3. The air in the experimental chamber was purified using the four different purification methods listed in Table 1.

[0138] 4. After 30 minutes of purification treatment, record the concentration of air pollutants in the experimental chamber after each purification method.

[0139] 5. Organize the data and conduct analysis.

[0140] Experiment number Purification methods 1 Activated carbon adsorption 2 HEPA filter 3 Photocatalytic technology 4 This system

[0141] Table 2 Experimental Groups

[0142] In the system testing experiment, the sedimentation efficiency under different purification methods was first observed. The initial PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were measured without filtration and recorded as b1 and b2. Then, after each purification method was applied for 30 minutes, the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations after the purification stage were measured again and recorded as c1 and c2, respectively. Experiments were conducted according to the above method for four groups of different purification methods.

[0143] The data were processed according to formula (1), and the effects of the experimental environment on the deposition and removal of PM2.5 and PM10 are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] Table 3. PM2.5 deposition effect under different purification methods

[0147]

[0148] Table 4. PM10 deposition effect under different purification methods

[0149] Table 3-4 shows that after 30 minutes of purification, the sedimentation rates of the two different particulate pollutants were measured. It can be seen that for both PM2.5 and PM10, the sedimentation efficiency of nano-vapor negative ions was the highest, reaching approximately 83%. After sedimentation, the pollutant precipitates from this system are as follows... Figure 13 As shown in the image, this demonstrates that the system effectively purifies harmful substances in the air, playing a vital role in protecting health and improving air quality.

[0150] Impact of variables on the filtration system: By changing the input variables of the nano-negative ion filtration system, such as water vapor density, presence or absence of condensation technology, ultraviolet light, etc., the influence on the combination and sedimentation of nano-negative ions with air pollutants in the system.

[0151] (1) Changes in purification effect over time

[0152] To verify the purification effect of the proposed system over time, the following experiment was conducted: A certain amount of gas containing pollutants was introduced into the glass cavity using a fan. Activated carbon adsorption and a filterless air filtration system based on nano-negative ion technology were selected for a 30-minute purification test. The PM2.5 concentration in the experimental environment was recorded every 5 minutes, and the changes in sedimentation efficiency of the two methods over time were compared. Specific results are shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0153] from Figure 6 As can be seen, the purification efficiency of the two methods is not significantly different in the initial stage. However, as time goes on, the activated carbon has already adsorbed some pollutants, resulting in a smaller contact area with the gas in the experimental environment, thus weakening the purification efficiency. Meanwhile, the nano-steam negative ions continuously generate new nano-sized steam negative ions, which adsorb and settle air pollutants at the molecular level, resulting in a higher purification efficiency than the activated carbon method.

[0154] (2) How the purification effect changes with different factors

[0155] To investigate the effects of water vapor density and the condensation rate of pollutants bound by nano-water ions on the purification effect, the following experiment was designed:

[0156] 1. The density of water vapor was controlled by adjusting the amount of water pump input. Three density values ​​were set: 20g, 25g, and 30g. The changes in the settling efficiency of PM2.5 and PM10 were measured over 20 minutes.

[0157] from Figure 7 As can be seen, the sedimentation efficiency increases with the increase of water vapor density. Moreover, it can be seen that the higher the water vapor density, the better the purification effect on large particulate matter. From the sedimentation efficiency of PM10 compared to PM2.5, it can be seen that under the same action time, the sedimentation efficiency of PM10 is greater than that of PM2.5.

[0158] 2. To accelerate the settling and condensation of water ions, condensation devices that can speed up water vapor condensation can be placed around the settling and collection device. The settling rate of pollutants can be compared with that without condensation devices. The results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0159] from Figure 8 As can be seen, adding a condensation device can accelerate the initial condensation of nano-water molecules. As time goes by, the final sedimentation efficiency is also slightly higher than that without a condensation device, indicating that the condensation device effectively improves the sedimentation efficiency of pollutants.

[0160] Experimental studies have shown that:

[0161] 1. A filterless air filtration system and method based on nano-negative ions is proposed, which can effectively improve the settling velocity of air pollutants and avoid secondary pollution.

[0162] 2. By building a system prototype, setting various variable parameters, and conducting comparative experiments, the effectiveness of nano-negative ion vapor in adsorbing and settling air pollutants was demonstrated, which is of great significance in environmental protection and air purification.

[0163] 3. Using the controlled variable method, the effects of water vapor density and condensation device on pollutant settling efficiency were studied. Experiments show that both water vapor density and condensation device promote the system's purification of air pollutants.

[0164] This system generates nano-vapor and negative ions. The water ions formed by the combination of vapor and negative ions have a good adsorption effect on most air pollutants. After the water vapor condenses and settles, the pollutants are carried away from the air, achieving the purpose of purifying air quality. By designing various parameters of the experimental environment and setting up a control experiment, the effectiveness of the system in adsorbing and recovering solid air pollutants was verified. At the same time, the effect of three different conditions on the settling rate of air pollutants was studied using the controlled variable method, and some methods and measures to accelerate pollutant settling were proposed, providing a basis for future system deployment and trial use.

[0165] The control section of this invention uses an air quality sensor, MICS-7514, which is directly integrated with the system via electronic circuitry. A CC2540 microcontroller reads the values ​​from the air quality sensor and controls various components of the air purification system. The air quality sensor monitors air quality in real time to control the system's on / off state. The purification system only starts working when air quality deteriorates and automatically stops purifying and enters sleep mode when air quality returns to normal. This effectively reduces the power consumption of the purification system, achieving energy savings.

[0166] Additionally, it can connect to a mobile app via Bluetooth to display real-time air quality data and the purifier's operating status. Users can also remotely operate the purifier through the app, purifying the room's air with just a few taps; the app also enables the product to be used intelligently. Furthermore, the app can collect ambient air quality data from the user's location using the MICS-7514 air quality sensor for reference.

[0167] (1) To achieve the sedimentation and filtration of PM2.5, a physical pollutant in the air:

[0168] Physical pollutants PM2.5 are suspended in the air in the form of tiny solid particles. By generating water vapor to adsorb and settle the suspended objects in the air, and filtering and cleaning the settled solid suspended particles, it will be an environmentally friendly, green and recyclable filtration method.

[0169] (2) Achieving nanoscale water vapor to adsorb extremely small solid suspended particles:

[0170] During the research process, it was discovered that water vapor with sufficiently fine particles is needed to adsorb even smaller solid suspended particles; this invention enables the generation of nanoscale water vapor.

[0171] (3) It generates negative ions, which accelerate the adsorption and aggregation of solid suspended matter:

[0172] When water vapor adsorbs solid particles, the movement of both water vapor and suspended particles needs to be accelerated to promote collisions and aggregation of the suspended particles, which then settle due to gravity. This invention enables water vapor to acquire a weak electrical charge. Due to the Coulomb force between like-charged ions, they repel each other, accelerating the movement of suspended particles and increasing the adsorption and aggregation effect. Because positive ions have strong oxidizing properties, they can quickly steal electrons from human cells upon contact, causing a slight electric shock sensation and discomfort. However, experiments conducted by this invention show that negative ions are not only safe but can also combine with air pollutants, such as formaldehyde, toluene, and TVOCs from home renovations, reacting to decompose them into non-toxic carbon dioxide and water, thus alleviating residual pollution to some extent. Therefore, this invention concludes through experiments that it generates negative ion water vapor.

[0173] (4) Accelerate cooling to achieve rapid settling of suspended solids:

[0174] When water vapor and suspended particles adsorb and agglomerate, they must be condensed, settled, collected, and filtered as soon as possible to achieve purification and air recycling. The technology of this invention can achieve rapid condensation, sedimentation, and filtration.

[0175] The heat transfer from the steam-generating chamber to the water and the size of the chamber were optimized to ultimately achieve the generation of nano-steam and negative ions.

[0176] (5) This invention accelerates heat conduction by increasing the contact area of ​​the heating cavity (see details). Figure 12 The contact area increased by approximately 80%, and the vaporization capacity improved by over 45%. For materials with the same thermal conductivity, the heat dissipation rate is positively correlated with the heat dissipation area. Therefore, a special convex structure design was added to the steam-generating cavity to increase heat conduction. The steam outlet in the cavity was also narrowed through a pipe, thereby increasing the air pressure in the cavity. This allows sufficient collision space after water is converted into steam, increasing the temperature inside the cavity and thus raising the steam temperature. This intensifies molecular motion, generating nano-vapor and negative ions.

[0177] (6) Material Selection and Testing for Steam Pipes in this Invention: After optimizing the cavity design, the size of the steam and the number of negative ions were repeatedly measured. Using the AIC2000 negative ion detector, it was found that the size of steam in the air can reach the nanometer level, but the water ions in the air are mainly positive ions, while the silicone tube carries a negative charge. This invention began by trying different materials for comparative testing, using more than ten materials including microcrystalline glass tubes, ceramic tubes, copper tubes, and steel tubes. Ultimately, it was found that due to the particularly high electron mobility of metals, the amount of negative ions generated by using metals was relatively greater. In the final testing process, copper tubes showed better overall performance than other materials, and were ultimately selected as the key component for negative ion generation in this invention.

[0178] The foregoing description illustrates and describes preferred embodiments of the invention. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A filterless air filtration system based on nano-negative ions, characterized in that: The filtration system includes: a nano-negative ion vapor generator, a gas-liquid conversion and collection device, a harmful gas decomposition device, and a power supply device; The nano-negative ion steam generating device is located above the system air inlet and communicates with the system air inlet. Below the system air inlet, there is a first air duct. The outlet of the first air duct is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid conversion and collection device. The outlet of the gas-liquid conversion and collection device is connected to the inlet of the second air duct. The second air duct is connected to the system air outlet. Both air duct one and air duct two are equipped with sewage sedimentation plates at their bottoms; The harmful gas decomposition device is located between the second air duct and the system air outlet; The power supply device is used to provide working power to the nano-negative ion vapor generating device, the gas-liquid conversion and collection device, and the harmful gas decomposition device; The nano-negative ion steam generating device includes a steam switch, a heating chamber and a water pump respectively connected to the steam switch, and the water pump is connected to a water tank. The air outlet channel of the heating chamber adopts a copper pipe structure, and the inner surface of the heating chamber is a polygonal convex structure arranged in a matrix. The gas-liquid conversion and collection device is a closed space, and the closed space is equipped with: a semiconductor cooling chip condenser and a sewage collection filter and an exhaust fan respectively connected to the semiconductor cooling chip condenser. The semiconductor refrigeration condenser is connected to a water tank via a wastewater collection filter.

2. The filterless air filtration system based on nano-negative ions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semiconductor cooling condenser of the gas-liquid conversion and collection device is connected to the heating chamber of the nano-negative ion vapor generator, and is used to output nano-negative ion vapor from the heating chamber.

3. The filterless air filtration system based on nano-negative ions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe from the heating chamber to the semiconductor cooling chip condenser is also connected to a sealed space.

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