A method for additive manufacturing of high-damping, corrosion-resistant, high-entropy steel

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-damping, corrosion-resistant high-entropy steel and an additive manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the field of new metal materials. The material is composed of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, and C, and the atomic ratios of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, and C are: 50-65%, 14-23%, 8-11%, 7-11%, and 0.7-1.1%. Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, and C are made into high-entropy steel welding wire according to this ratio, and the high-entropy steel welding wire is placed in the wire feeder of a argon arc welding machine, and the high-entropy steel is manufactured by the method of argon arc additive manufacturing. The microhardness, friction and wear, corrosion resistance, and high damping performance of the prepared high-entropy steel are greatly improved relative to ordinary metal materials. It meets actual production needs and improves the human-machine environment. The invention prepares high-entropy steel at low cost, with good damping performance and strong adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new metal materials, and in particular to a high-damping, corrosion-resistant, high-entropy steel and an additive manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The change in the use of materials has played a vital role in the long history of the development of human civilization. From the primitive society of the Stone Age to the slave society of the Bronze Age, from the feudal society of the Iron Age to the modern society with the booming development of materials science. Every major change in the use of materials by humans will drive the rapid progress of human society. The world today is undergoing a major change that has not been seen in a century. The scientific and technological competition between major powers is intensifying, and the research and development of advanced metal materials is the cornerstone of the scientific and technological competition between major powers and the breakthroughs in major key equipment technologies. Many major equipment such as shield machines and large aircraft have harsh service conditions for their components and urgently need higher performance materials.

[0003] Moreover, with the popularization of automated mechanical products, noise pollution is inevitably brought about. Noise and vibration not only seriously shorten the service life of mechanical equipment, but more fatally, they will form noise pollution and damage the health of workers. Therefore, high-damping metal materials that can reduce vibration and noise and improve the human-machine environment have also attracted people's attention.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to develop a new high-entropy steel and additive manufacturing process with low cost, simple process, good forming, dense structure, no obvious hole defects, high damping and corrosion resistance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-damping, corrosion-resistant high-entropy steel and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention designs a high-damping, corrosion-resistant high-entropy steel and a preparation method thereof, which is characterized by: comprising the preparation of high-damping, corrosion-resistant high-entropy steel welding wire and additive manufacturing of high-damping, corrosion-resistant high-entropy steel;

[0007] Preferably, the high entropy steel welding wire powder is composed of Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, and C, and the atomic ratio of the Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn, and C elements is as follows: the total atomic percentage is 100%, of which Fe is 50-65%, Cr is 14-23%, Ni is 8-11%, Mn is 7-11%, and C is 0.7-1.1%.

[0008] The preparation method of the welding wire comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: The drug powder is prepared by the following components according to atomic percentage, the total atomic percentage is 100%, of which Fe is 50-65%, Cr is 14-23%, Ni is 8-11%, Mn is 7-11%, and C is 0.7-1.1%; after drying the powder particles of each element with a particle size of 100 mesh, the above atomic percentage is converted into mass percentage, and various high-purity metals are weighed according to mass percentage. In particular, the elements Fe and Mn are added in the form of alloy powder;

[0010] Step 2, heating and keeping the dried solder component in a vacuum tube furnace for a period of time;

[0011] Step 3, filling the flux core powder dried in the vacuum tube furnace into the U-shaped groove of the steel strip, and making the flux cored welding wire after closed rolling;

[0012] The microstructure and mechanical properties of high entropy steel manufactured by argon arc additive manufacturing were tested and analyzed using metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, microhardness tester, friction and wear testing machine and electrochemical corrosion testing machine.

[0013] The additive manufacturing method for preparing high-damping corrosion-resistant high-entropy steel comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1, installation of welding wire:

[0015] The prepared high entropy steel welding wire is installed in the wire feeder of the argon arc device;

[0016] Step 2: Argon arc additive manufacturing of high entropy steel:

[0017] The high entropy alloy composite coating was prepared by argon arc additive manufacturing. The preparation process and parameters included: welding current 95-155A, hot wire current 50-60A, welding speed 90-170 mm / min, gas flow 15-20L / min, arc length 2~4 mm, and overlap spacing of -5~-4 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the welding speed is 165 mm / min, the gas flow rate is 15 L / min, the arc length is 3.5 mm, and the welding current is 135 A.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) The components of the high damping, corrosion-resistant high entropy steel provided by the present invention are easy to obtain and can be prepared on a large scale;

[0021] (2) The elements Fe and Mn in the high entropy steel of the present invention are added in the form of alloy powder, so they are evenly distributed and have a single organizational structure;

[0022] (3) The main elements of the high damping corrosion-resistant high entropy steel provided by the present invention are ordinary pure metal elements and non-metallic elements C, which are cheap and have the advantages of convenient preparation, simple process, and safe use;

[0023] (4) The present invention combines additive manufacturing technology with advanced high-entropy alloy materials, while the process is simple, which promotes the widespread application of high-entropy alloys in engineering;

[0024] (5) The high entropy steel prepared by the present invention has excellent corrosion resistance and can be widely used in corrosion-resistant application fields;

[0025] (6) The present invention has high damping performance, high-strength toughness, and excellent mechanical properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Figure 2 shows the microstructure of the high damping, corrosion resistant and high entropy steel of the present invention. (a) The boundary between the first layer and the second layer. (b) The boundary between the second layer and the third layer.

[0027] Figure 2 This is the XRD spectrum of the high damping, corrosion resistant and high entropy steel of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is the potentiodynamic polarization curve of the high damping, corrosion-resistant, high entropy steel of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0031] A flux-cored welding wire for high entropy steel.

[0032] The flux-cored welding wire is composed of the following components in atomic percentage: the total atomic percentage is 100%, of which Fe is 59.45%, Cr is 19.82%, Ni is 9.91%, Mn is 9.91%, and C is 0.91%; Fe and Mn are added in the form of alloy powder.

[0033] The preparation method of the high entropy steel flux-cored welding wire is implemented according to the following steps:

[0034] Step 1, drying each solder component with a powder particle size of 100 mesh, and then weighing the required grams with an electronic balance according to the required alloy composition;

[0035] Step 2, heating the dried solder component to 200° C. in a vacuum tube furnace in an argon atmosphere and keeping the temperature for 1 hour;

[0036] Step 3, filling the flux core powder dried in the vacuum tube furnace into the U-shaped groove of the steel strip, and making it into a 2.5 mm flux cored welding wire after closed rolling, and then making it into a 1.2 mm flux cored welding wire by repeatedly reducing the aperture.

[0037] The above-mentioned method for preparing high-damping corrosion-resistant high-entropy steel by additive manufacturing is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

[0038] Step 1, installation of welding wire:

[0039] The prepared high entropy steel welding wire is installed in the wire feeder of the argon arc device;

[0040] Step 2: The specific process parameters of argon arc additive manufacturing of high entropy steel are set as follows:

[0041] The welding speed is 165 mm / min, the gas flow rate is 15 L / min, the arc length is 3.5 mm, and the welding current is 135 A.

[0042] When welding, attention should be paid to regulating the melting amount of the base material and adjusting the dry extension length of the welding wire to control the melting speed of the welding wire and control the weld composition within the effective composition range for forming high entropy alloys.

[0043] Figure 1 is a microstructure diagram of the remelting zone of the high entropy steel additive manufacturing layer. It can be seen from the figure that the high entropy steel additive manufacturing layer has no obvious defects such as pores and inclusion cracks. Figure 1 (a) Microstructure diagram of the remelting zone from the first layer to the second layer of the additive manufacturing layer. Figure 1 (b) shows the microstructure of the remelting zone between the second and third layers. The remelting zone is mainly composed of columnar crystals. Figure 1 It can be seen that the width of the remelting zone between the second and third layers is larger than that between the first and second layers. The width of the remelting zone also increases with the increase of the number of wall layers. The phenomenon of dendrite interlayer growth is more obvious, and the consistency of the organization in the remelting zone is more obvious.

[0044] Figure 2 XRD diagram of the high entropy steel additive manufacturing layer. It can be seen from the figure that the diffraction peaks of the high entropy steel additive manufacturing layer at 43.5°, 51.8°, and 74.5° correspond to the crystal plane indices {1 1 1}, {2 0 0}, and {2 2 0}, respectively. By comparing the PDF cards, it is confirmed that the three diffraction peaks are the diffraction peaks corresponding to the FCC solid solution phase. This result indicates that the alloy has been fully alloyed and the alloy system is mainly composed of the FCC phase.

[0045] The corrosion current density of the cladding layer obtained by the electrochemical corrosion test of the coating is 2.79×10 -7 A / cm 2 , compared with the substrate corrosion current density (4.74×10 -6A / cm 2 ) decreased by one order of magnitude, proving that Fe 60 Mn 10 Cr 20 Ni 10 C 0.2 The corrosion resistance of the cladding layer is better than that of the substrate; the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test shows that the charge transfer resistance (Rpass) of the passivation film of the cladding layer is 1.37×10 5 Ωcm 2 Larger than 1.1x10 of the substrate -5 Ωcm 2 , indicating that a protective passivation film is formed on the surface of the cladding layer.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] In order to further illustrate the beneficial properties of the high entropy steel described in the examples, a comparative welding wire was prepared.

[0048] The flux-cored welding wire of the comparative example is composed of the following components in atomic percentage: Fe is 59.45%, Cr is 9.91%, Ni is 9.91%, Mn is 19.82%, and C is 0.91%. Fe and Mn are added in the form of alloy powder.

[0049] The preparation method of the high entropy steel flux-cored welding wire is implemented according to the following steps:

[0050] Step 1, drying each solder component with a powder particle size of 100 mesh, and then weighing the required grams with an electronic balance according to the required alloy composition;

[0051] Step 2, heating the dried solder component to 200° C. in a vacuum tube furnace in an argon atmosphere and keeping the temperature for 1 hour;

[0052] Step 3, filling the flux core powder dried in the vacuum tube furnace into the U-shaped groove of the steel strip, and making it into a 2.5 mm flux cored welding wire after closed rolling, and then making it into a 1.2 mm flux cored welding wire by repeatedly reducing the aperture.

[0053] The above-mentioned method for preparing high-damping corrosion-resistant high-entropy steel by additive manufacturing is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

[0054] Step 1, installation of welding wire:

[0055] The prepared high entropy steel welding wire is installed in the wire feeder of the argon arc device;

[0056] Step 2: The specific process parameters of argon arc additive manufacturing of high entropy steel are set as follows:

[0057] The welding speed was 165 mm / min, the gas flow rate was 15 L / min, the arc length was 3.5 mm, and the welding current was 135 A.

[0058] When welding, attention should be paid to regulating the melting amount of the base material and adjusting the dry extension length of the welding wire to control the melting speed of the welding wire and control the weld composition within the effective composition range for forming high entropy alloys.

[0059] The above method changes the composition ratio, and the microstructure of the prepared high entropy steel is composed of phases. The electrochemical corrosion performance of the coating is one order of magnitude lower than that of the embodiment, and the corrosion resistance is far inferior to that of the embodiment.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] In order to further illustrate the beneficial properties of the alloy sheet described in the embodiment, a comparative welding wire was prepared;

[0062] The flux-cored welding wire is composed of the following components in atomic percentage: the total atomic percentage is 100%, of which Fe is 59.45%, Cr is 19.82%, Ni is 9.91%, Mn is 9.91%, and C is 0.91%; Fe and Mn are added in the form of alloy powder.

[0063] The preparation method of the high entropy steel flux-cored welding wire is implemented according to the following steps:

[0064] Step 1, drying each solder component with a powder particle size of 100 mesh, and then weighing the required grams with an electronic balance according to the required alloy composition;

[0065] Step 2, heating the dried solder component to 200° C. in a vacuum tube furnace in an argon atmosphere and keeping the temperature for 1 hour;

[0066] Step 3, filling the flux core powder dried in the vacuum tube furnace into the U-shaped groove of the steel strip, and making it into a 2.5 mm flux cored welding wire after closed rolling, and then making it into a 1.2 mm flux cored welding wire by repeatedly reducing the aperture.

[0067] The above-mentioned method for preparing high-damping corrosion-resistant high-entropy steel by additive manufacturing is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

[0068] Step 1, installation of welding wire:

[0069] Install the prepared high entropy steel welding wire in the wire feeder;

[0070] Step 2: Use carbon dioxide shielded welding to manufacture high entropy steel. The specific process parameters are set as follows:

[0071] The welding speed was 165 mm / min, the gas flow rate was 15 L / min, the arc length was 3.5 mm, the welding current was 135 A, and no wire preheating was performed.

[0072] When welding, attention should be paid to regulating the melting amount of the base material and adjusting the dry extension length of the welding wire to control the melting speed of the welding wire and control the weld composition within the effective composition range for forming high entropy alloys.

[0073] In the high entropy steel prepared by the above method, the damping performance and corrosion resistance of the obtained coating are reduced due to the change in the preparation process.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high damping corrosion resistant high entropy steel, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, installation of welding wire; The prepared high entropy alloy welding wire is installed in the wire feeder of the argon arc device; The welding wire composition is: Fe is 50-65%, Cr is 14-23%, Ni is 8-11%, Mn is 7-11%, and C is 0.7-1.1%, wherein the elements Fe and Mn are added in the form of alloy powder; The welding wire preparation is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step 1-1, the drug powder is prepared by the following components according to atomic percentage, the total atomic percentage is 100%, wherein Fe is 50-65%, Cr is 14-23%, Ni is 8-11%, Mn is 7-11%, and C is 0.7-1.1%; after drying the various element components with a powder particle size of 80-100 mesh, the above atomic percentage is converted into mass percentage, and various high-purity metals are weighed according to mass percentage, wherein the elements Fe and Mn are added in the form of alloy powder; Step 1-2, heating and keeping the dried solder component in a vacuum tube furnace for a period of time; Step 1-3, filling the flux core powder dried in the vacuum tube furnace into the U-shaped groove of the steel strip, and making the flux cored welding wire after closed rolling; Step 2, preparing high entropy steel by argon arc additive manufacturing; The prepared high-entropy steel welding wire was installed in the wire feeder of the argon arc device, and the high-entropy alloy composite coating was prepared by the argon arc additive manufacturing method. The preparation process and parameters included: welding current 95-155A, hot wire current 50-60A, welding speed 90-170mm / min, gas flow 15-20L / min, arc length 2~4mm, overlap spacing -5~-4mm; The logarithmic attenuation coefficient of the damping performance of the prepared coating is d≥0.122 when the amplitude is 0.1%.

2. The method for preparing a high damping corrosion resistant high entropy steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrosion current density of the cladding layer obtained from the electrochemical corrosion test of the coating is 2.79×10-7 A / cm2, which is an order of magnitude lower than the corrosion current density of the substrate 4.74×10-6A / cm2, proving that the corrosion resistance of the Fe60Mn10Cr20Ni10C0.2 cladding layer is better than that of the substrate; the AC impedance test shows that the charge transfer resistance of the passivation film of the cladding layer is 1.37×105 Ωcm2, which is greater than that of the substrate 1.1x10-5Ωcm2, indicating that a protective passivation film is formed on the surface of the cladding layer.

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