A compact heat pump air conditioning system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a compact heat pump air conditioning system and a control method thereof, which realizes the following working modes by controlling a compressor, an expansion valve, a heater, a first water pump, a first four-way valve, a second water pump, a second four-way valve, a single-way valve, a three-way valve, a third water pump, a third four-way valve, a blower and a fan: the heat pump heats the cabin in a low-temperature environment, the heat pump heats the cabin and recovers waste heat of the electric drive in a low-temperature environment, the heat pump heats the battery in a low-temperature environment, the electric drive fan cools in a medium-temperature environment, and the heat pump air conditioning cools the cabin, the electric drive fan cools and the battery chiller cools in a high-temperature environment. The present invention heats the cabin / battery and recovers waste heat at low temperatures, fully cools the electric drive, battery and cabin at medium and high temperatures, and meets various thermal management requirements with low energy consumption under all-weather conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a compact heat pump air conditioning system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] HVAC is the system that consumes the most power among all electric vehicle accessories, and its efficiency has a huge impact on the vehicle's range. In winter heating conditions, most electric vehicles use PTC electric heaters for heating, which greatly reduces the range of electric vehicles.

[0003] Although the heat pump air conditioning thermal management system can improve the efficiency of cooling and heating, the low heating efficiency and frequent defrosting in low temperature environments are common problems in the industry. Since the power battery and electric drive thermal management systems are relatively isolated, the energy coupling and further integrated management between the systems cannot be coordinated, and the system waste heat cannot be fully utilized. In addition, most heat pump air conditioning systems have complex structures, especially the refrigerant cycle is closely coupled with multiple subsystems and components, and the manufacturing and maintenance costs are high. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a compact heat pump air-conditioning system and a control method thereof, which heats the cabin / battery and recovers waste heat at low temperatures, fully cools the electric drive, battery and cabin at medium and high temperatures, and meets a variety of thermal management requirements with low energy consumption under all-weather conditions.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0006] A compact heat pump air conditioning system, comprising:

[0007] A compressor, a water condenser, an expansion valve and a water chiller connected in sequence;

[0008] a heater, a first water pump, a first four-way valve and a cabin heater which are connected in sequence, wherein the heater is also connected to a water condenser;

[0009] a cabin cooler, a second water pump and a second four-way valve which are connected in sequence, wherein the second water pump and the second four-way valve are also connected to a water chiller;

[0010] An outdoor heat exchanger, an electric drive system and a three-way valve are connected in sequence, the one-way valve is connected in parallel at both ends of the electric drive system, and the outdoor heat exchanger is also connected to a first four-way valve and a second four-way valve;

[0011] A power battery, a third water pump and a third four-way valve connected in sequence, the third four-way valve is connected to the three-way valve and the cabin heater, and the power battery is also connected to the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve;

[0012] The cabin heater is also in communication with the third four-way valve and the three-way valve.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the cabin heater is provided with a blower.

[0014] In the above technical solution, a fan is provided at the outdoor heat exchanger.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the compressor, expansion valve, heater, first water pump, first four-way valve, second water pump, second four-way valve, single-way valve, three-way valve, third water pump, third four-way valve, blower, and fan are all communicatively connected to the control module.

[0016] A control method based on a compact heat pump air conditioning system:

[0017] The control module controls the compressor to control the refrigerant flow rate; the control module controls the expansion valve, the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve, the single-way valve, the three-way valve and the third four-way valve to achieve fluid connectivity, disconnection or control of a specified flow state; the control module controls the first water pump, the second water pump and the third water pump to control the coolant flow rate; the control module controls the heater to control the heating power; the control module controls the blower and the fan to control the air flow rate; the above control realizes the following working modes: the heat pump heats the cabin in a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the cabin and recovers waste heat from the electric drive in a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the battery in a low temperature environment, the electric drive fan cools in a medium temperature environment, and the heat pump air conditioner cools the cabin, the electric drive fan cools and the battery chiller cools in a high temperature environment.

[0018] Furthermore, in a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the cabin, and the specific control process is:

[0019] The control module controls the first port of the first four-way valve and the second port of the first four-way valve to open, and the third port of the first four-way valve and the fourth port of the first four-way valve to close, controls the second port of the second four-way valve and the third port of the second four-way valve to open, and the first port of the second four-way valve and the fourth port of the second four-way valve to close, controls the first port of the third four-way valve, the second port of the third four-way valve, the third port of the third four-way valve and the fourth port of the third four-way valve to close, controls the first port and the second port of the three-way valve to open, and the third port of the three-way valve to close, controls the expansion valve to partially open, controls the refrigerant flow of the compressor, controls the coolant flow of the first water pump and the second water pump, and controls the air flow of the fan and the blower.

[0020] Furthermore, in a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the cabin and the electric drive waste heat is recovered. The specific control process is as follows:

[0021] The control module controls the first port of the first four-way valve and the second port of the first four-way valve to open, and the third port of the first four-way valve and the fourth port of the first four-way valve to close, controls the second port of the second four-way valve and the third port of the second four-way valve to open, and the first port of the second four-way valve and the fourth port of the second four-way valve to close, controls the first port of the third four-way valve, the second port of the third four-way valve, the third port of the third four-way valve and the fourth port of the third four-way valve to close, controls the first port and the second port of the three-way valve to open, and the third port of the three-way valve to close, controls the one-way valve to close, controls the expansion valve to partially open, controls the refrigerant flow of the compressor, controls the coolant flow of the first water pump and the second water pump, and controls the air flow of the fan and the blower.

[0022] Furthermore, the heat pump heats the battery in a low temperature environment, and the specific control process is:

[0023] The control module controls the second port of the first four-way valve and the fourth port of the first four-way valve to open, and the first port of the first four-way valve and the third port of the first four-way valve to close, controls the second port of the second four-way valve and the third port of the second four-way valve to open, and the first port of the second four-way valve and the fourth port of the second four-way valve to close, controls the first port of the third four-way valve and the second port of the third four-way valve to open, and the third port of the third four-way valve and the fourth port of the third four-way valve to close, controls the first port of the three-way valve and the second port of the three-way valve to open, and the third port of the three-way valve to close, controls the one-way valve to open, controls the expansion valve to partially open, controls the refrigerant flow of the compressor, controls the coolant flow of the first water pump, the second water pump and the third water pump, and controls the air flow of the fan.

[0024] Furthermore, in a medium temperature environment, the electric drive fan is cooled, and the specific control process is as follows:

[0025] The control module controls the second port of the first four-way valve and the third port of the first four-way valve to open, and the first port of the first four-way valve and the fourth port of the first four-way valve to close; controls the first port of the second four-way valve, the second port of the second four-way valve, the third port of the second four-way valve, and the fourth port of the second four-way valve to close; controls the first port of the third four-way valve and the fourth port of the third four-way valve to open, and the second port of the third four-way valve and the third port of the third four-way valve to close; controls the first port and the second port of the three-way valve to open, and the third port of the three-way valve to close; controls the one-way valve to close, controls the expansion valve to close, controls the coolant flow of the first water pump, and controls the air flow of the fan.

[0026] Furthermore, in a high temperature environment, the heat pump air conditioner cools the cabin, the electric drive fan cools, and the battery chiller cools. The specific control process is:

[0027] The control module controls the second port of the first four-way valve and the third port of the first four-way valve to open, and the first port of the first four-way valve and the fourth port of the first four-way valve to close, controls the first port of the second four-way valve, the second port of the second four-way valve and the fourth port of the second four-way valve to open, controls the third port of the second four-way valve to close, controls the second port of the third four-way valve and the fourth port of the third four-way valve to open, and the first port of the third four-way valve and the third port of the third four-way valve to close, controls the second port of the three-way valve and the third port of the three-way valve to open, and the first port of the three-way valve to close, controls the one-way valve to close, controls the expansion valve to partially open, controls the refrigerant flow of the compressor, controls the coolant flow of the first water pump, the second water pump and the third water pump, and controls the air flow of the fan and the blower.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] The heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention comprises a compressor, a water condenser, an expansion valve, a chiller, a heater, a first water pump, a first four-way valve, a cabin heater, a cabin cooler, a second water pump, a second four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an electric drive system, a three-way valve, a one-way valve, a power battery, a third water pump and a third four-way valve, wherein the compressor, the water condenser, the expansion valve and the chiller constitute a heat pump refrigerant cycle, the heater, the first water pump, the first four-way valve and the cabin heater constitute a cabin heating cycle, the cabin cooler, the second water pump and the second four-way valve constitute a cabin cooling cycle, and the outdoor heat exchanger The heater, the electric drive system, the three-way valve and the one-way valve constitute the electric drive coolant circulation, and the power battery, the third water pump and the third four-way valve constitute the battery coolant circulation; the control module controls the compressor to control the refrigerant flow; the control module controls the expansion valve, the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve, the one-way valve, the three-way valve and the third four-way valve to achieve fluid connection, disconnection or control of the specified flow state; the control module controls the first water pump, the second water pump and the third water pump to control the coolant flow; the control module controls the heater to control the heating power; the control module The block controls the blower and fan to control the air flow; the above control realizes the following working modes: the heat pump heats the cabin in a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the cabin and the electric drive waste heat recovery in a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the battery in a low temperature environment, the electric drive fan cools in a medium temperature environment, and the heat pump air conditioner cools the cabin, the electric drive fan cools and the battery chiller cools in a high temperature environment; the heat pump heats the cabin in a low temperature environment, and uses the characteristics of the heat pump refrigerant cycle energy consumption to provide the heating function, thereby reducing the energy consumption of cabin heating; the heat pump heats the cabin and the electric drive waste heat recovery in a low temperature environment , avoiding the problem of radiator frosting when the heat pump continues to work, and ensuring the efficient operation of the heat pump system through waste heat recovery from the electric drive system; in low-temperature environments, the heat pump heats the battery, and the heat pump is used to reduce the energy consumption of heating the battery; in medium-temperature environments, the electric drive fan is used for cooling, ensuring the thermal safety of the electric drive in medium-temperature environments, and achieving the effect of reducing thermal management energy consumption; in high-temperature environments, the heat pump air conditioning cools the cabin, the electric drive fan cools, and the battery chiller cools, ensuring the comfort of the cabin under high temperatures and the safety of thermal management of the electric drive and battery, and solving the problem of insufficient heat dissipation of the battery radiator at high temperatures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The features and advantages of the present application can be better understood by reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals represent the same components, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the communication connection between the control module of the present invention and each actuator of the heat pump air conditioning system;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic internal structure diagram of the control module of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 System diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention in a heat pump heating cabin mode under a low temperature environment;

[0035] Figure 5 System diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention in a low temperature environment with a heat pump (using electric drive waste heat recovery) heating the cabin and in an electric drive waste heat recovery mode;

[0036] Figure 6 System diagram of the heat pump heating battery in the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention under low temperature environment;

[0037] Figure 7 System diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention in the electric drive fan cooling mode under a medium temperature environment;

[0038] Figure 8 System diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention in the heat pump air conditioning cooling cabin, electric drive fan cooling and battery chiller cooling modes under high temperature environment;

[0039] In the figure: 100-heat pump air conditioning system, 101-compressor, 102-water condenser, 103-expansion valve, 104-water chiller, 201-heater, 202-first water pump, 203-first four-way valve, 301-cabin heater, 302-cabin cooler, 401-second water pump, 402-second four-way valve, 403-outdoor heat exchanger, 404-one-way valve, 405-electric drive system, 406-three-way valve, 501-power battery, 502-third water pump, 503-third four-way valve, 601-blower, 602-fan, 1011-compressor exhaust port, 1012-compressor suction port, 1021-water condenser refrigerant channel outlet, 1022-water condenser refrigerant channel inlet, 1023-water condenser coolant channel outlet, 1024-water condenser coolant channel inlet, 1031-expansion valve first port, 1032-expansion valve second port, 1041-water chiller refrigerant channel outlet, 1042-water chiller refrigerant channel inlet, 1043-water chiller coolant channel outlet, 1044-water chiller coolant channel inlet, 2011-heater first port, 2012-heater second port, 2021-first water pump outlet, 2022-first water pump inlet, 2031-first four-way valve first port, 2032-first four-way valve second port, 2033-first four-way valve third port, 2034-first four-way valve fourth port, 3011-cabin heater first port port, 3012-cabin heater second port, 3021-cabin cooler first port, 3022-cabin cooler second port, 4011-second water pump outlet, 4012-second water pump inlet, 4021-second four-way valve first port, 4022-second four-way valve second port, 4023-second four-way valve third port, 4024-second four-way valve fourth port, 4031-outdoor heat exchanger first port, 4032-outdoor heat exchanger second port, 4041-single-way valve first port, 4042-single-way valve second port, 4051-electric drive system first port, 4052-electric drive system second port, 4061-three-way valve first port, 4062-three-way valve second port, 4063-three-way valve first port, 4064-three-way valve second port, 4065-three-way valve first port, 4066-three-way valve second port, 4067-three-way valve first port, 4068-three-way valve second port, 4069-three-way valve first port, 4070-three-way valve second port, 4071-three-way valve first port, 4072-three-way valve second port, 4073-three-way valve first port, 4074-three-way valve second port, 4075-three-way valve first port, 4076-three-way valve second port, 4077-three-way valve first port, 4078-three-way valve second port, 4079-three-way valve first port, 4080-three-way valve second port, 4081-three-way valve first port, 4082-three-way valve second port, 4083-three-way valve first port, 4084-three-way valve second - the third port of the three-way valve, 5011- the first port of the power battery, 5012- the second port of the power battery, 5021- the water outlet of the third water pump, 5022- the water inlet of the third water pump, 5031- the first port of the third four-way valve, 5032- the second port of the third four-way valve, 5033- the third port of the third four-way valve, 5034- the fourth port of the third four-way valve, 7000- control module, 7001- bus, 7002- input interface, 7003- memory, 7004- processor, 7005- output interface, 7101- interface A, 7102- interface B, 7103- interface C, 7104- interface D, 7105- interface E, 7106- interface F, 7107- interface G, 7108- interface H,7109-Interface I, 7110-Interface J, 7111-Interface K, 7112-Interface L, 7113-Interface M, 7200-Connection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. For example, the expansion valve and the one-way valve can be replaced by other reasonable valve types. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Various specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings that constitute a part of the specification. It should be understood that ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" used in this application are only used for distinction and identification, and do not have any other meaning. If not specifically specified, they do not represent a specific order and do not have a specific association. For example, the term "first water pump" itself does not imply the existence of a "second water pump", and the term "second four-way valve" itself does not imply the existence of a "first four-way valve".

[0041] Figure 1 1 is a system diagram of a heat pump air conditioning system 100 according to an embodiment of the present application, which shows the components and their connection relationships in the heat pump air conditioning system 100. Figure 1 As shown, the heat pump air conditioning system 100 includes a compressor 101, a water condenser 102, an expansion valve 103, a chiller 104, a heater 201, a first water pump 202, a first four-way valve 203, a cabin heater 301, a cabin cooler 302, a second water pump 401, a second four-way valve 402, an outdoor heat exchanger 403, a one-way valve 404, an electric drive system 405, a three-way valve 406, a power battery 501, a third water pump 502, a third four-way valve 503, a blower 601 and a fan 602, and connecting pipes between the various components represented by connecting lines.

[0042] The selection and function of each component of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 are described as follows. Among them, the compressor 101 uses a scroll type or other type of electric compressor, and its function is to evaporate and compress the refrigerant into superheated steam and promote it to flow in the refrigerant circulation system. Among them, the expansion valve 103 can be an electromagnetic expansion valve or an electric expansion valve, and the temperature accuracy of superheat or subcooling is achieved by controlling the valve hole opening. Among them, the water pump type used in the first water pump 202, the second water pump 401 and the third water pump 502 is an electric water pump, which promotes the coolant to flow in the coolant circulation system, and the first water pump 202, the second water pump 401 and the third water pump 502 are connected to an external water source. Among them, the water condenser 102 and the chiller 104 are water-side heat exchangers, providing heat exchange between the coolant and the refrigerant. Among them, the cabin heater 301 can be a positive temperature coefficient heater or other types of heaters. Among them, the cabin cooler 302 can be a plate cooler or other types of coolers. The one-way valve 404 may be a solenoid valve one-way valve or an electric one-way valve to control the opening and closing of the valve. The blower 601 may be an electric blower of different types, which not only provides the required air flow for the heat exchange between the coolant and the air of the cabin heater 301, but also provides the required air flow for the heat exchange between the coolant and the air of the cabin cooler 302. The fan 602 may be a fan of different types, which provides the required air flow for the heat exchange between the coolant and the air of the outdoor heat exchanger 403. The first four-way valve 203, the second four-way valve 402, the three-way valve 406 and the third four-way valve 503 may be solenoid valves, or may be other types of valves, which may be reasonably replaced as long as they meet the specific connection mode. The first four-way valve 203 only connects the first port 2031 of the first four-way valve and the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve, only connects the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve and the third port 2033 of the first four-way valve, and only connects the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve and the fourth port 2034 of the first four-way valve. The second four-way valve 402 is connected only to the second four-way valve second port 4022 and the second four-way valve third port 4023, only to the second four-way valve first port 4021 and the second four-way valve second port 4022, and only to the second four-way valve second port 4022 and the second four-way valve fourth port 4024. The three-way valve 406 is connected only to the three-way valve first port 4061 and the three-way valve second port 4062, and only to the three-way valve second port 4062 and the three-way valve third port 4063. The third four-way valve 503 is connected only to the third four-way valve first port 5031 and the third four-way valve second port 5032, only to the third four-way valve first port 5031 and the third four-way valve fourth port 5034, and only to the third four-way valve second port 5032 and the third four-way valve fourth port 5034.The purpose of the first four-way valve 203, the second four-way valve 402, the three-way valve 406 and the third four-way valve 503 is to control the connection and disconnection of adjacent components of their valve ports to achieve the purpose of operating in different modes.

[0043] The connecting pipes between the various components of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 are described as follows. The compressor exhaust port 1011 is connected to the water condenser refrigerant channel inlet 1022; the compressor air intake port 1012 is connected to the chiller refrigerant channel outlet 1041; the water condenser refrigerant channel outlet 1021 is connected to the expansion valve second port 1032; the chiller refrigerant channel inlet 1042 is connected to the expansion valve first port 1031; the heater second port 2012 is connected to the water condenser coolant channel outlet 1023; the first water pump water inlet 2022 is connected to the heater first port 2011; the first four-way valve second port 2031 is connected to the first water pump water inlet 2022; the first four-way valve second port 2032 is connected to the first four-way valve second port 2031 ... The pump outlet 2021 is connected; the first port 2031 of the first four-way valve is connected to the second port 3012 of the cabin heater; the pipeline node A is connected to the pipeline node B, the first port 3011 of the cabin heater and the third port 4063 of the three-way valve respectively; the pipeline node B is connected to the pipeline node A, the first port 5031 of the third four-way valve and the water inlet 1024 of the water condenser coolant channel respectively; the second water pump outlet 4011 is connected to the inlet 1044 of the chiller coolant channel; the chiller coolant channel outlet 1043 is connected to the second port 4022 of the second four-way valve The pipeline node C is respectively connected with the third port 2033 of the first four-way valve, the pipeline node D and the third port 4023 of the second four-way valve; the pipeline node D is respectively connected with the second port 4032 of the outdoor heat exchanger, the pipeline node C and the third port 5033 of the third four-way valve; the pipeline node E is respectively connected with the first port 4031 of the outdoor heat exchanger, the second port 4042 of the one-way valve and the second port 4052 of the electric drive system; the pipeline node F is respectively connected with the first port 4041 of the one-way valve, the first port 4051 of the electric drive system and the second port 4062 of the three-way valve; the pipeline node The channel node G is respectively connected to the second water pump water inlet 4012, the first port 4061 of the three-way valve, the first port 3021 of the cabin cooler and the fourth port 5034 of the third four-way valve; the second port 3022 of the cabin cooler is connected to the first port 4021 of the second four-way valve; the second port 5012 of the power battery is connected to the pipeline node H; the fourth port 2034 of the first four-way valve is connected to the pipeline node H; the third water pump water inlet 5022 is connected to the first port 5011 of the power battery; the third water pump water outlet 5021 is connected to the second port 5032 of the third four-way valve. The fan 602 provides the required air flow for the heat exchange between the coolant and the air in the outdoor heat exchanger 403; the blower 601 provides the required air flow for the heat exchange between the coolant and the air in the cabin heater 301 and the cabin cooler 302. The heat pump air conditioning system of the present application provides multiple working modes through a concise topological structure, thereby meeting different thermal management requirements.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the communication connection between the control module and each actuator of the heat pump air conditioning system. Figure 2As shown, the control module 7000 determines the working state of each actuator of the heat pump air conditioning system 100. The interface A7101, interface B7102, interface C7103, interface D7104, interface E7105, interface F7106, interface G7107, interface H7108, interface I7109, interface J7110, interface K7111, interface L7112 and interface M7113 of the output interface 7005 of the control module 7000 are respectively connected to the compressor 101, the expansion valve 103, the heater 201, the first water pump 202, the first four-way valve 203, the second water pump 401, the second four-way valve 402, the one-way valve 404, the three-way valve 406, the third water pump 502, the third four-way valve 503, the blower 601 and the fan 602 to achieve communication connection. The control module 7000 controls the compressor 101 to control the refrigerant flow rate; the control module 7000 controls the expansion valve 103, the first four-way valve 203, the second four-way valve 402, the single-way valve 404, the three-way valve 406 and the third four-way valve 503 to achieve fluid connectivity, disconnection or control of a specified flow state; the control module 7000 controls the first water pump 202, the second water pump 401 and the third water pump 502 to control the coolant flow rate; the control module 7000 controls the heater 201 to control the heating power; the control module 7000 controls the blower 601 and the fan 602 to control the air flow rate; the above control processes are all prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the control module 7000 of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 includes a bus 7001, an input interface 7002, a memory 7003, a processor 7004, and an output interface 7005. Specifically, the memory 7003 is used to store programs, instructions, and data, and the processor 7004 reads programs, instructions, and data from the memory 7003 and can write data to the memory 7003. By executing the program and instruction read from the memory 7003, the processor 7004 realizes signal exchange through the input interface 7002 and the output interface 7005. Figure 3 As shown, the input interface 7002 of the control module 7000 receives the operation request and other operation parameters of the vehicle thermal management system 100 through the connection 7200. The processor 7004 controls the operation of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 through the program and instructions in the memory 7003. Specifically, the control module 7000 can receive the operation request or the signal of other components of the control heat pump air conditioning system 100 through the input interface 7002, and send the control signal to each controlled component through the output interface 7005, so that the heat pump air conditioning system 100 can operate in the specified working mode and can switch between different modes.

[0046] Figure 4-71 is the fluid flow state of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 in different working modes, wherein the hollow arrows represent the flow direction and flow path of the refrigerant, the bold solid arrows represent the flow direction and flow path of the coolant, and the other solid lines represent no fluid flow. Figure 4-7 The various operating modes are shown.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a system diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 in the heat pump heating cabin mode in a low temperature environment. In a low temperature environment, the heat pump air conditioning system 100 can transfer heat to the cabin through the heat pump heating mode after receiving a cabin heating command (or the control module 7000 automatically generates a cabin heating command). Specifically, the control module 7000 controls the first port 2031 and the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve to be opened, and the third port 2033 and the fourth port 2034 of the first four-way valve to be closed; controls the second port 4022 and the third port 4023 of the second four-way valve to be opened, and the first port 4021 and the fourth port 4024 of the second four-way valve to be closed; controls the first port 5031, the second port 5032, the third port 5033 and the fourth port 5034 of the third four-way valve to be closed; controls the first port 4061 and the second port 4062 of the three-way valve to be opened, and the third port 4063 of the three-way valve to be closed; controls the expansion valve 103 to be partially opened, controls the refrigerant flow of the compressor 101, controls the coolant flow of the first water pump 202 and the second water pump 401, and controls the air flow of the fan 602 and the blower 601. Figure 4As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the compressor exhaust port 1011 passes through the refrigerant channel of the water condenser 102, and is condensed from gas to liquid under the cooling effect of the coolant. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant will be decompressed and increase in volume through the partially opened expansion valve 103, forming a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid mist mixture that enters the chiller 104. At this time, the chiller 104 will absorb the heat of the coolant pumped out by the second water pump 401, so that the refrigerant becomes gaseous. The compressor suction port 1012 inhales the gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerant channel outlet 1041 of the chiller, and the next refrigerant cycle begins. On the other hand, in the cabin heating coolant circulation loop, the low-temperature coolant absorbs the heat released by the refrigerant when passing through the coolant channel of the water condenser 102, thereby generating a high-temperature coolant. The high-temperature coolant flows out from the coolant channel outlet 1023 of the water condenser and flows into the first water pump inlet 2022 through the heater 201. It is worth noting that the heater 201 can release heat to the coolant as needed, thereby improving the power and system efficiency of cabin heating. The heated high-temperature coolant is pumped out from the first water pump outlet 2021, flows into the second port 3012 of the cabin heater after passing through the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve and the first port 2031 of the first four-way valve, and releases heat to the air blown out by the blower 601 to heat the cabin when passing through the cabin heater 301, and turns back into low-temperature coolant at the first port 3011 of the cabin heater, and then passes through the pipeline node A and the pipeline node B in sequence and flows into the water inlet 1024 of the water condenser coolant channel, and then flows out from the water condenser coolant channel outlet 1023, and flows into the first water pump inlet 2022 through the heater 201, forming a cabin heating coolant circulation. In addition, the outdoor heat exchanger 403 acting as an evaporator will absorb a large amount of heat in the air, causing the temperature of the coolant to rise. Therefore, the high-temperature coolant pumped out from the second water pump outlet 4011 flows into the coolant channel of the chiller 104, and the refrigerant in the chiller 104 will absorb the heat released by the coolant and form a low-temperature coolant at the outlet 1043 of the coolant channel of the chiller, and then passes through the second port 4022 of the second four-way valve and the third port 4023 of the second four-way valve, pipeline node C, pipeline node D, outdoor heat exchanger 403, pipeline node E, one-way valve 404, pipeline node F, the second port 4062 of the three-way valve, the first port 4061 of the three-way valve and pipeline node G in sequence, and then flows into the second water pump inlet 4012 to complete the coolant circulation.

[0048] Figure 5This is a system diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 in a low temperature environment, with the heat pump (using the electric drive waste heat recovery) heating the cabin and in the electric drive waste heat recovery mode. When the heat pump air conditioning system 100 identifies that there is frost on the outdoor heat exchanger 403 and it affects the efficiency of the heat pump, the heat pump air conditioning system will enter the defrost mode. In addition, if the coolant temperature at the first port 4051 of the electric drive system is high, the waste heat of the electric drive system can be used to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger and heat the cabin at the same time. Specifically, the control module 7000 controls the first port 2031 of the first four-way valve and the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve to open, and the third port 2033 of the first four-way valve and the fourth port 2034 of the first four-way valve to close; controls the second port 4022 of the second four-way valve and the third port 4023 of the second four-way valve to open, and the first port 4021 of the second four-way valve and the fourth port 4024 of the second four-way valve to close; controls the first port 5031 of the third four-way valve, the second port 5032 of the third four-way valve, the third port 5033 of the third four-way valve and the fourth port 5034 of the third four-way valve to close; controls the first port 4061 of the three-way valve and the second port 4062 of the three-way valve to open, and the third port 4063 of the three-way valve to close; controls the one-way valve 404 to close; controls the expansion valve 103 to partially open; controls the refrigerant flow of the compressor 101; controls the coolant flow of the first water pump 202 and the second water pump 401; and controls the air flow of the fan 602 and the blower 601. Refrigerant circulation and cabin heating coolant circulation and Figure 4 The difference is that after the high-temperature coolant pumped out of the second water pump outlet 4011 enters the coolant channel inlet 1044 of the chiller, the coolant and the refrigerant exchange heat in the chiller 104, and then flows out from the coolant channel outlet 1043 of the chiller, passes through the second port 4022 of the second four-way valve, the third port 4023 of the second four-way valve, the pipeline node C and the pipeline node D in sequence, and then flows into the second port 4032 of the outdoor heat exchanger. At this time, the coolant will defrost the fins and coils of the outdoor heat exchanger 403, and then flows out from the first port 4031 of the outdoor heat exchanger, and passes through the pipeline node E, the electric drive system 405, the pipeline node F, the second port 4062 of the three-way valve, the first port 4061 of the three-way valve and the pipeline node G in sequence to return to the second water pump inlet 4012, forming a coolant cycle for electric drive waste heat recovery.

[0049] Figure 6This is a system diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 heating the battery with a heat pump in a low temperature environment. When the heat pump air conditioning system 100 recognizes that the heat pump efficiency is high and the battery system needs to be heated, the heat pump can be used to heat the power battery. Specifically, the control module 7000 controls the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve and the fourth port 2034 of the first four-way valve to open, and the first port 2031 of the first four-way valve and the third port 2033 of the first four-way valve to close, controls the second port 4022 of the second four-way valve and the third port 4023 of the second four-way valve to open, and the first port 4021 of the second four-way valve and the fourth port 4024 of the second four-way valve to close, controls the first port 5031 of the third four-way valve and the second port 5032 of the third four-way valve to open, and the third port 5033 of the third four-way valve and the fourth port 5034 of the third four-way valve to close, controls the first port 4061 of the three-way valve and the second port 4062 of the three-way valve to open, and the third port 4063 of the three-way valve to close, controls the one-way valve 404 to open, controls the expansion valve 103 to partially open, controls the refrigerant flow of the compressor 101, controls the coolant flow of the first water pump 202, the second water pump 401 and the third water pump 502, and controls the air flow of the fan 602. The refrigerant circulation and the coolant circulation of the circuit where the second water pump 401 is located are Figure 4 The same is shown, so it is not repeated here. The difference is that the coolant pumped out from the third water pump outlet 5021 flows into the water condenser coolant channel inlet 1024 through the third four-way valve second port 5032 and the third four-way valve first port 5031 and the pipeline node B. The low-temperature coolant absorbs the heat released by the refrigerant when passing through the coolant channel of the water condenser 102, thereby generating high-temperature coolant. The high-temperature coolant flows out from the water condenser coolant channel outlet 1023 and flows into the first water pump inlet 2022 through the heater 201. It is worth noting that the heater 201 can release heat to the coolant as needed, thereby improving the power and system efficiency of cabin heating. The high-temperature coolant will flow out from the first water pump outlet 2021, and flow into the second port 5012 of the power battery through the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve, the fourth port 2034 of the first four-way valve, and the pipeline node H in sequence, thereby heating the battery. After the heating is completed, the coolant flows out from the first port 5011 of the power battery, and flows into the third water pump inlet 5022, thereby completing the heating battery coolant circulation.

[0050] Figure 7This is a system diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 using a fan to cool the medium-temperature electric drive system. In a medium-temperature environment, the electric drive needs to be cooled when there is no need for heating or cooling the cabin. Generally, this ambient temperature is suitable and the heat generated by the electric drive is not large. The electric drive can use the fan to dissipate heat at the same time, thereby reducing the compressor load and reducing the energy consumption of the compressor. Specifically, the control module 7000 controls the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve and the third port 2033 of the first four-way valve to open, and the first port 2031 of the first four-way valve and the fourth port 2034 of the first four-way valve to close, controls the first port 4021 of the second four-way valve, the second port 4022 of the second four-way valve, the third port 4023 of the second four-way valve, and the fourth port 4024 of the second four-way valve to close, controls the first port 5031 of the third four-way valve and the fourth port 5034 of the third four-way valve to open, and the second port 5032 of the third four-way valve and the third port 5033 of the third four-way valve to close, controls the first port 4061 of the three-way valve and the second port 4062 of the three-way valve to open, and the third port 4063 of the three-way valve to close, controls the one-way valve 404 to close, controls the expansion valve 103 to close, controls the coolant flow of the first water pump 202, and controls the air flow of the fan 602. In this mode, the coolant pumped out from the first water pump outlet 2021 passes through the first four-way valve second port 2032 and the first four-way valve third port 2033, the pipeline node C, and the pipeline node D in turn, and then flows into the outdoor heat exchanger second port 4032. Under the wind speed control of the fan 602, the high-temperature coolant at the outdoor heat exchanger second port 4032 exchanges heat with the air and cools down, forming a low-temperature coolant at the outdoor heat exchanger first port 4031, and then flows into the electric drive system second port 4052 through the pipeline node E to cool it down. After that, the coolant will flow out from the electric drive system first port 4051 and pass through the pipeline node F, the three-way valve second port 4062 and the three-way valve first port 4061, the pipeline node G, the third four-way valve fourth port 5034 and the third four-way valve first port 5031, the pipeline node B, the water condenser 102, and the heater 201 to flow into the first water pump inlet 2022, completing the medium-temperature electric drive coolant circulation.

[0051] Figure 8It is a system diagram of the heat pump air conditioning system 100 for cooling the cabin, the electric drive fan and the battery chiller in a high temperature environment. When the air temperature is high, the high-temperature coolant in the battery cannot exchange heat with the ambient air through the fan, so it needs to be cooled by a chiller. Specifically, the control module 7000 controls the second port 2032 of the first four-way valve and the third port 2033 of the first four-way valve to open, the first port 2031 of the first four-way valve and the fourth port 2034 of the first four-way valve to close, controls the first port 4021 of the second four-way valve, the second port 4022 of the second four-way valve and the fourth port 4024 of the second four-way valve to open, controls the third port 4023 of the second four-way valve to close, and controls the second port 5032 of the third four-way valve and the fourth port 5034 of the third four-way valve to close. 4 is opened, the first port 5031 of the third four-way valve and the third port 5033 of the third four-way valve are closed, the second port 4062 and the third port 4063 of the three-way valve are controlled to be opened, and the first port 4061 of the three-way valve is closed, the one-way valve 404 is controlled to be closed, the expansion valve 103 is controlled to be partially opened, the refrigerant flow of the compressor 101 is controlled, the coolant flow of the first water pump 202, the second water pump 401 and the third water pump 502 is controlled, and the air flow of the fan 602 and the blower 601 is controlled. The electric drive coolant cycle and refrigerant cycle in this mode are exactly the same as those described above, so they are not repeated here. The difference is that the high-temperature coolant pumped out by the second water pump outlet 4011 flows into the coolant channel inlet 1044 of the chiller, and the high-temperature coolant will release a large amount of heat in the chiller 104, and then form low-temperature coolant at the coolant channel outlet 1043 of the chiller, and then flow into the second port 3022 of the cabin cooler after passing through the second port 4022 of the second four-way valve and the first port 4021 of the second four-way valve. When passing through the cabin cooler 302, the low-temperature coolant will absorb heat from the air blown out by the blower 601 to cool the cabin, and the coolant then flows out from the first port 3021 of the cabin cooler, and flows into the second port 4012 of the second water pump after passing through the pipeline node G to form a coolant circulation for cooling the cabin. On the other hand, the high-temperature coolant pumped out from the third water pump outlet 5021 flows into the chiller coolant channel inlet 1044 through the third four-way valve second port 5032 and the third four-way valve fourth port 5034, the pipeline node G and the second water pump 401 in sequence, and releases a large amount of heat in the chiller 104, forming low-temperature coolant at the chiller coolant channel outlet 1043, and then flows through the second four-way valve second port 4022 and the second four-way valve fourth port 4024, the pipeline node H, and flows into the power battery second port 5012 for cooling, and then the coolant flows out from the power battery first port 5011, and then flows back to the third water pump inlet 5022 to complete the battery chiller coolant circulation.

[0052] The embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementations. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a compact heat pump air conditioning system, characterized in that: The compact heat pump air conditioning system is implemented based on the compact heat pump air conditioning system, which comprises: a compressor (101), a water condenser (102), an expansion valve (103) and a water chiller (104) which are connected in sequence; a heater (201), a first water pump (202), a first four-way valve (203) and a cabin heater (301) which are connected in sequence, and the heater (201) is also connected to the water condenser (102); a cabin cooler (302), a second water pump (401) and a second four-way valve (402) which are connected in sequence, and the second water pump (401) and the second four-way valve (402) are also connected to the water chiller (104). The outdoor heat exchanger (403), the electric drive system (405) and the three-way valve (406) are connected in sequence, the one-way valve (404) is connected in parallel at both ends of the electric drive system (405), the outdoor heat exchanger (403) is also connected with the first four-way valve (203) and the second four-way valve (402); the power battery (501), the third water pump (502) and the third four-way valve (503) are connected in sequence, the third four-way valve (503) is connected with the three-way valve (406) and the cabin heater (301), and the power battery (501) is also connected with the first four-way valve (203) and the second four-way valve (402); The control module (7000) controls the compressor (101) to control the refrigerant flow rate; the control module (7000) controls the expansion valve (103), the first four-way valve (203), the second four-way valve (402), the one-way valve (404), the three-way valve (406) and the third four-way valve (503) to achieve fluid connection, disconnection or control of a specified flow state; the control module (7000) controls the first water pump (202), the second water pump (401) and the third water pump (502) to achieve coolant flow. The control module (7000) controls the heater (201) to control the heating power; the control module (7000) controls the blower (601) and the fan (602) to control the air flow rate; the above control realizes the following working modes: the heat pump heats the cabin in a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the cabin and recovers the waste heat of the electric drive in a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the battery in a low temperature environment, the electric drive fan cools in a medium temperature environment, and the heat pump air conditioner cools the cabin, the electric drive fan cools and the battery chiller cools in a high temperature environment; In a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the cabin. The specific control process is: The control module (7000) controls the first port (2031) of the first four-way valve and the second port (2032) of the first four-way valve to be opened, and the third port (2033) of the first four-way valve and the fourth port (2034) of the first four-way valve to be closed, controls the second port (4022) of the second four-way valve and the third port (4023) of the second four-way valve to be opened, and the first port (4021) of the second four-way valve and the fourth port (4024) of the second four-way valve to be closed, and controls the first port (5031) of the third four-way valve and the second port (5033) of the third four-way valve to be opened. The first port (5032), the third port (5033) of the third four-way valve and the fourth port (5034) of the third four-way valve are closed, the first port (4061) of the three-way valve and the second port (4062) of the three-way valve are opened, and the third port (4063) of the three-way valve is closed, the expansion valve (103) is controlled to be partially opened, the refrigerant flow of the compressor (101) is controlled, the coolant flow of the first water pump (202) and the second water pump (401) is controlled, and the air flow of the fan (602) and the blower (601) is controlled.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the cabin and the electric drive waste heat is recovered. The specific control process is as follows: The control module (7000) controls the first port (2031) of the first four-way valve and the second port (2032) of the first four-way valve to be opened, and the third port (2033) of the first four-way valve and the fourth port (2034) of the first four-way valve to be closed, controls the second port (4022) of the second four-way valve and the third port (4023) of the second four-way valve to be opened, and the first port (4021) of the second four-way valve and the fourth port (4024) of the second four-way valve to be closed, and controls the first port (5031) of the third four-way valve and the second port (5033) of the third four-way valve to be opened. 2), the third port (5033) of the third four-way valve and the fourth port (5034) of the third four-way valve are closed, the first port (4061) of the three-way valve and the second port (4062) of the three-way valve are controlled to be open, and the third port (4063) of the three-way valve is controlled to be closed, the one-way valve (404) is controlled to be closed, the expansion valve (103) is controlled to be partially opened, the refrigerant flow of the compressor (101) is controlled, the coolant flow of the first water pump (202) and the second water pump (401) is controlled, and the air flow of the fan (602) and the blower (601) is controlled.

3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a low temperature environment, the heat pump heats the battery. The specific control process is: The control module (7000) controls the second port (2032) of the first four-way valve and the fourth port (2034) of the first four-way valve to be opened, and the first port (2031) of the first four-way valve and the third port (2033) of the first four-way valve to be closed, controls the second port (4022) of the second four-way valve and the third port (4023) of the second four-way valve to be opened, and the first port (4021) of the second four-way valve and the fourth port (4024) of the second four-way valve to be closed, and controls the first port (5031) of the third four-way valve and the second port (5032) of the third four-way valve The third four-way valve (5033) and the fourth four-way valve (5034) are closed, the first port (4061) and the second port (4062) of the three-way valve are controlled to be opened, and the third port (4063) of the three-way valve is controlled to be closed, the one-way valve (404) is controlled to be opened, the expansion valve (103) is controlled to be partially opened, the refrigerant flow of the compressor (101) is controlled, the coolant flow of the first water pump (202), the second water pump (401) and the third water pump (502) are controlled, and the air flow of the fan (602) is controlled.

4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the medium temperature environment, the electric drive fan is cooled, and the specific control process is as follows: The control module (7000) controls the second port (2032) of the first four-way valve and the third port (2033) of the first four-way valve to be opened, the first port (2031) of the first four-way valve and the fourth port (2034) of the first four-way valve to be closed, controls the first port (4021) of the second four-way valve, the second port (4022) of the second four-way valve, the third port (4023) of the second four-way valve and the fourth port (4024) of the second four-way valve to be closed, and controls the first port (5021) of the third four-way valve, the second port (4022) of the second four-way valve, the third port (4023) of the second four-way valve and the fourth port (4024) of the second four-way valve to be closed. 31) and the fourth port (5034) of the third four-way valve are opened, the second port (5032) of the third four-way valve and the third port (5033) of the third four-way valve are closed, the first port (4061) of the three-way valve and the second port (4062) of the three-way valve are opened, and the third port (4063) of the three-way valve is closed, the one-way valve (404) is closed, the expansion valve (103) is closed, the coolant flow of the first water pump (202) is controlled, and the air flow of the fan (602) is controlled.

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a high temperature environment, the heat pump air conditioner cools the cabin, the electric drive fan cools, and the battery chiller cools. The specific control process is: The control module (7000) controls the second port (2032) of the first four-way valve and the third port (2033) of the first four-way valve to open, the first port (2031) of the first four-way valve and the fourth port (2034) of the first four-way valve to close, controls the first port (4021) of the second four-way valve, the second port (4022) of the second four-way valve and the fourth port (4024) of the second four-way valve to open, controls the third port (4023) of the second four-way valve to close, controls the second port (5032) of the third four-way valve and the fourth port (5034) of the third four-way valve to open, The first port (5031) of the third four-way valve and the third port (5033) of the third four-way valve are closed, the second port (4062) of the three-way valve and the third port (4063) of the three-way valve are controlled to be open, and the first port (4061) of the three-way valve is closed, the single-way valve (404) is controlled to be closed, and the expansion valve (103) is controlled to be partially opened, so as to control the refrigerant flow of the compressor (101), the coolant flow of the first water pump (202), the second water pump (401) and the third water pump (502), and the air flow of the fan (602) and the blower (601).

6. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin heater (301) is provided with a blower (601).

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outdoor heat exchanger (403) is provided with a fan (602).

8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The compressor (101), the expansion valve (103), the heater (201), the first water pump (202), the first four-way valve (203), the second water pump (401), the second four-way valve (402), the one-way valve (404), the three-way valve (406), the third water pump (502), the third four-way valve (503), the blower (601), and the fan (602) are all communicatively connected to the control module (7000).

Images