A space loading device for model testing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a spatial loading device for model testing, comprising a transparent model box, a lateral loading system, and a test pile. An electromagnetic loading device is embedded in the transparent model box, which is filled with a pre-prepared soil sample. The test pile is connected to the lateral loading device and placed in a preset position in the model box. At the start of the test, the electromagnetic loading device cooperates with the pile body's magnetic conductor to apply an axial or eccentric vertical load to the test pile. The lateral loading device then applies periodic lateral loads in different directions with variable loading points to the test pile, thereby forming a spatial loading system. After the test, software-assisted load-displacement curves and other pile mechanical characteristic curves are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a test device, in particular to a space loading device for model testing, belonging to the technical field of geotechnical engineering testing. Background Art

[0002] In current practical engineering, research on large-diameter pile foundations is increasingly becoming mainstream. However, due to their large size, full-scale testing of large-diameter piles in situ is often difficult and costly, so most researchers have begun to turn to indoor scaled-down testing. With the widespread use of pile foundations in my country's high-rise buildings, port projects, long-span bridges, and offshore pile-based platforms, the design of pile foundations in these projects must not only meet vertical bearing capacity requirements, but also focus on the impact of lateral loads such as wind, wave water, and occasional earthquakes that the building structure must withstand during its service life on the stability of the pile foundation. Furthermore, the presence of lateral loads may not be constant, but rather intermittent, and the frequency and number of such loads may vary within the same period of time. In existing research experiments, model tests have always failed to fully grasp the changes in the loading points of lateral loads in actual projects, and the loading method of lateral loads is always simplified to unidirectional loading. On the other hand, when studying the impact of lateral loads on pile foundations, the influence of upper vertical loads on the test is always ignored, resulting in the test results may not be directly applicable to actual projects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a space loading device for model testing in order to solve the above problems.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] A spatial loading device for model testing comprises a transparent model box, a lateral loading system, and a test pile. After the lateral loading system is connected to the test pile, it is placed in the transparent model box filled with soil samples, and the test pile is loaded during the test.

[0006] Furthermore, the transparent model box includes an upper box body, a lower box body, an electromagnetic loading device, and a motor; and the lower box body is provided with four long strip-shaped loading holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the lateral loading system includes loading bodies in four horizontal directions; the loading bodies include a reaction frame, a motor, a guide rail, a movable bearing, and a loading box.

[0008] Furthermore, the test pile body is provided with a magnetic conductor and a loading ring; the loading ring can move up and down within a certain range of the pile body.

[0009] Furthermore, the electromagnetic loading device includes a shielding cover with an open bottom, a movable guide rail, and an electromagnet; the electromagnet is semi-embedded in the movable guide rail, the movable guide rail can rotate in the slide groove of the shielding cover, and the electromagnet can also move on the movable guide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, the loading box is placed on the guide rail via a movable bearing, and the loading box is controlled by a motor to move up and down on the guide rail.

[0011] Furthermore, the loading box includes a box body, a motor, a driving wheel, a left driven wheel, a right driven wheel, a left connecting rod, a right connecting rod, a left upper connecting wheel, a left lower connecting wheel, a right upper connecting wheel, a right lower connecting wheel, a left secondary connecting rod, a right secondary connecting rod, an upper milling rod, a lower milling rod, a rope hoop shaft, a left fixed support, a middle fixed support, and a right fixed support; at the beginning of the test, the motor is connected to the driving wheel, and the driving wheel drives the left and right driven wheels to rotate when the motor is working, and the left and right driven wheels drive the connecting wheels to work through the left and right secondary connecting rods, thereby driving the upper and lower milling rods to rotate, winding the force rope into the rope hoop shaft, and applying a horizontal load to the test pile at the same time; the four loading bodies work in coordination with each other, and when one loading body applies a load unidirectionally, the motor of another loading body coaxial with it reverses, driving the rope hoop shaft, the upper milling rod, and the lower milling rod to rotate in the opposite direction, and outputting the force rope outside the loading body, and the output length is consistent with the length wound in by the loading body that applies the load.

[0012] The implementation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The lateral loading system described in the present invention is composed of four loading bodies, forming an x-y plane loading system. Each loading body can move up and down independently, thereby driving the loading ring on the test pile to move up and down. The position of the lateral load loading point on the pile body, the direction of loading, and the loading amount can be freely changed according to actual data, simulating the actual situation on site to the greatest extent.

[0014] 2. The loading box in the lateral loading system described in the present invention has a driving wheel inside the loading box that drives the rope hoop shaft to pull the force rope, thereby applying load to the pile. The presence of upper and lower milling rods in the loading box not only keeps the force rope taut, preventing deformation errors in the force rope from being included in the measured pile displacement data, but also compresses the force rope to prevent test failures caused by insufficient motor power, idling of the driving wheel, and rebound of the force rope from the rope hoop shaft. The lateral loading system of the present invention can support up to two vertical loaders to simultaneously apply load to the test pile.

[0015] 3. The electromagnetic loading device described in the present invention cooperates with the magnetic conductor of the pile body, which can conveniently load or unload the pile body at any time according to actual data. Compared with other loading methods, electromagnetic loading is more convenient for graded adjustment of vertical load size, and the loading method is more environmentally friendly and simple.

[0016] 4. The electromagnetic loading device described in the present invention has an electromagnet semi-embedded in a movable guide rail. The position of the electromagnet can be moved according to actual conditions to apply a biased vertical load to the test pile during the test, which can better couple with the in-situ stress environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary persons in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a space loading device for model testing

[0019] Figure 2 Disassembly diagram of the structure of a space loading device used for model testing

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of vertical load loading

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the electromagnetic loading device structure

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of electromagnet moving on guide rail

[0023] Figure 6 Disassembly diagram of the loader structure

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the loading box

[0025] Figure 8 Front view of the internal structure of the loading box DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 8This embodiment relates to a spatial loading device for model testing, including a transparent model box 1, a lateral loading system 2, and a test pile 13; after the lateral loading system 2 is connected to the test pile 13, it is placed in the transparent model box 1 filled with soil samples, and the test pile 13 is loaded during the test.

[0029] The transparent model box 1 comprises an upper box body 11 , a lower box body 12 , an electromagnetic loading device 15 , and a motor 16 ; four long strip-shaped loading holes are opened on the lower box body.

[0030] The lateral loading system 2 includes loading bodies in four horizontal directions; the loading bodies include a reaction frame 21 , a movable bearing 22 , a guide rail 23 , a motor 24 , and a loading box 25 .

[0031] The pile body of the test pile 13 is provided with a magnetic conductor 14 and a loading ring 17; the loading ring 17 can move up and down within a certain range of the pile body.

[0032] The electromagnetic loading device 15 includes a shielding cover 151 with an open bottom, a movable guide rail 152, and an electromagnet 153; the electromagnet 153 is semi-embedded in the movable guide rail 152, and the movable guide rail 152 can rotate in the sliding groove of the shielding cover 151, and the electromagnet 153 can also move on the movable guide rail.

[0033] The loading box 25 is placed on the guide rail 23 through a movable bearing 22 , and the loading box 25 is controlled by a motor 24 to move up and down on the guide rail 23 .

[0034] The loading box includes a box body, a motor 250, a driving wheel 251, a left driven wheel 252, a right driven wheel 253, a left connecting rod 2521, a right connecting rod 2531, a left upper connecting wheel 2522, a left lower connecting wheel 2524, a right upper connecting wheel 2532, a right lower connecting wheel 2534, a left secondary connecting rod 2523, a right secondary connecting rod 2533, an upper milling rod 254, a lower milling rod 255, a rope hoop shaft 256, a left fixed support 257, a middle fixed support 259, and a right fixed support 258; at the beginning of the test, the motor 250 is connected to the driving wheel 251, and the driving wheel 251 drives the left and right fixed supports when the motor 250 is working. The driven wheel 252 and the right driven wheel 253 rotate, and the left driven wheel 252 and the right driven wheel 253 drive the connecting wheels to work through the left secondary connecting rod 2523 and the right secondary connecting rod 2533, thereby driving the upper milling rod 254 and the lower milling rod 255 to rotate, and the force rope is wound into the rope hoop shaft 256, and at the same time, a horizontal load is applied to the test pile 13; the four loading bodies work in coordination with each other. When one loading body applies a load in one direction, the motor of another loading body coaxial with it reverses, driving the rope hoop shaft, the upper milling rod, and the lower milling rod to rotate in the opposite direction, and outputting the force rope outside the loading body. The output length is consistent with the length wound in by the loading body that applies the load.

[0035] The specific usage is as follows:

[0036] The first step is to place the transparent model box 1 and the side loading system 2 on a flat ground, and put an appropriate amount of sample soil into the transparent model box 1;

[0037] The second step is to pass the force rope of the lateral loading system 2 through the loading hole of the transparent model box 1 and connect it to the loading ring 17 of the test pile 13;

[0038] The third step is to place the test pile 13 in a suitable position in the box and cover the upper box body 11 of the transparent model box 1;

[0039] Step 4: Turn on the motor 16 in the transparent model box 1 to drive the electromagnetic loading device 15 to work. After the electromagnet 153 moves to the specified position on the movable guide rail 152, it interacts with the magnetic conductor 14 of the pile body to apply an axial or eccentric vertical load to the test pile 13;

[0040] Step 5: Turn on the motors 24 of each loading body of the side loading system 2 to control the up and down movement of each loading box 25 to change the position of the side load loading point;

[0041] Step 6: Turn on the motor 250 in each loading box 25 to drive the driving wheel 251 in the box. The loading boxes 25 cooperate with each other to apply a lateral load with variable direction and size to the test pile 13, thereby forming a set of spatial loading system.

Claims

1. A space loading device for model testing, characterized in that: The device comprises a transparent model box, a side loading system, and a test pile; after the side loading system is connected to the test pile, it is placed in the transparent model box filled with soil samples, and the test pile is loaded during the test; The side loading system includes loading bodies in four horizontal directions; the loading bodies include a reaction frame, a motor, a guide rail, a movable bearing, and a loading box; The loading box includes a box body, a motor, a driving wheel, a left driven wheel, a right driven wheel, a left connecting rod, a right connecting rod, a left upper connecting wheel, a left lower connecting wheel, a right upper connecting wheel, a right lower connecting wheel, a left secondary connecting rod, a right secondary connecting rod, an upper milling rod, a lower milling rod, a rope hoop shaft, a left fixed support, a middle fixed support, and a right fixed support; at the beginning of the test, the motor is connected to the driving wheel, and the driving wheel drives the left and right driven wheels to rotate when the motor is working, and the left and right driven wheels drive the connecting wheels to work through the left and right secondary connecting rods, thereby driving the upper and lower milling rods to rotate, reeling the force rope into the rope hoop shaft, and applying a horizontal load to the test pile at the same time; the four loading bodies work in coordination with each other, and when one loading body applies a load in one direction, the motor of another loading body coaxial with it is reversed, driving the rope hoop shaft, the upper milling rod, and the lower milling rod to rotate in the opposite direction, and outputting the force rope outside the loading body, and the output length is consistent with the length reeled in by the loading body that applies the load.

2. A space loading device for model testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent model box comprises an upper box body, a lower box body, an electromagnetic loading device, and a motor; and four long strip-shaped loading holes are opened on the lower box body.

3. A space loading device for model testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test pile body is provided with a magnetic conductor and a loading ring; the loading ring can move up and down within a certain range of the pile body.

4. A space loading device for model testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic loading device includes a shielding cover with an open bottom, a movable guide rail, and an electromagnet; the electromagnet is half embedded in the movable guide rail, and the movable guide rail can rotate in the sliding groove of the shielding cover, and the electromagnet can also move on the movable guide rail.

5. A space loading device for model testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading box is placed on the guide rail through a movable bearing, and the loading box is controlled by a motor to move up and down on the guide rail.

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