Multi-instrument joint observation early warning system and method for reservoir dam safety monitoring

Abstract

The application discloses a reservoir dam safety monitoring multi-instrument combined observation early warning system and method, wherein the system comprises: a monitoring network for monitoring reservoir dam displacement, which is arranged on a dam reservoir dam, and comprises full measurement points, GM measurement points and MEMS measurement points; wherein the full measurement points serve as control points in the monitoring network, the GM measurement points serve as supplementary control points, and the MEMS measurement points serve as encryption points; a data processing module for acquiring monitoring data collected by the full measurement points, the GM measurement points and the MEMS measurement points, processing the monitoring data, obtaining a displacement field of the monitoring network, and realizing dam deformation early warning according to the displacement field. The application arranges full measurement points, GM measurement points and MEMS measurement points on the dam, continuously monitors dam surface deformation by using multiple instruments, can effectively monitor reservoir dam surface deformation and timely early warning, and improves the continuity, accuracy and reliability of monitoring. The application can be widely applied to the technical field of water conservancy engineering displacement monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of displacement monitoring technology in water conservancy projects, and in particular to a multi-instrument joint observation and early warning system and method for reservoir dam safety monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Monitoring reservoir displacement and deformation is a crucial aspect of the safe operation of reservoir dams. Currently, conventional monitoring methods involve manually acquiring surface displacement information using total stations, or obtaining internal deformation data through settlement meters, tension wires, and plumb lines. However, these methods are insufficient to meet the required monitoring density and frequency, place high demands on operators, and are inconvenient for mobile measurements in some areas, resulting in limitations in both time and space. Therefore, current reservoir dam displacement monitoring still faces the following challenges: 1. Inability to promptly detect dam displacement; 2. Inability to monitor the overall displacement field of the dam. In summary, these technical problems urgently need to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to at least partially solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-instrument joint observation and early warning system and method for reservoir dam safety monitoring.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0005] A multi-instrument joint observation and early warning system for reservoir dam safety monitoring includes:

[0006] A monitoring network for monitoring the displacement of a reservoir dam is set up on the dam. The monitoring network includes full measurement points, GM measurement points, and MEMS measurement points. Among them, the full measurement points serve as control points in the monitoring network, the GM measurement points serve as supplementary control points, and the MEMS measurement points serve as densification points.

[0007] The data processing module is used to acquire monitoring data collected from all measurement points, GM measurement points, and MEMS measurement points, process the monitoring data to obtain the displacement field of the monitoring network, and realize early warning of dam deformation based on the displacement field.

[0008] Furthermore, the monitoring network is arranged in a quadrilateral grid or a triangular grid.

[0009] Furthermore, the full measurement points are used to obtain the true coordinates and displacements of the monitoring points in real time, short-term and medium-term and long-term conditions;

[0010] The GM measuring point is used to obtain the coordinates and displacement of the monitoring point in real time and short to medium term.

[0011] The MEMS measuring points serve as densification points in the monitoring network, used to obtain the relative displacement and relative coordinates between the monitoring points.

[0012] Furthermore, the MEMS measurement points only include MEMS sensors. The data collected by the MEMS sensors are passive measurements. They work using a relative positioning method, which has good dynamic characteristics, but lacks absolute position and time information, resulting in serious cumulative errors.

[0013] Based on the displacement calculated from the data collected by MEMS measuring points, and combined with the analysis of the overall deformation law of the dam, a preliminary real-time displacement field of the dam is formed.

[0014] Furthermore, the GM measurement point includes a MEMS sensor and a GNSS device. The data collected by the GNSS device is an active measurement value, which works in an absolute positioning mode. It has small error accumulation and provides location and time information, but it is easily affected by the environment and has a lag in dynamic response.

[0015] The displacement of any monitoring point in the monitoring network can be calculated based on the absolute coordinates and displacement values ​​collected by GM measuring points.

[0016] Furthermore, the total measurement points include MEMS sensors, GNSS equipment, target prisms, and total stations; among them, the total station operates in an absolute positioning mode, with no error accumulation, providing high-precision position and time information, but the monitoring lag is serious.

[0017] Based on the measured values ​​obtained from all measurement points, the overall deformation trend of the dam is corrected and determined. Combining all monitoring points in the entire monitoring network, the overall displacement field and deformation trend of the dam are calculated.

[0018] Another technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0019] A multi-instrument joint observation and early warning method for reservoir dam safety monitoring includes the following steps:

[0020] Establish a monitoring network for monitoring the displacement of reservoir dams; the monitoring network includes full-scale measurement points, GM measurement points, and MEMS measurement points;

[0021] Based on the data collected by MEMS measuring points, the displacement of the monitoring points is calculated. Combined with the analysis of the overall deformation law of the dam, a preliminary real-time displacement field of the dam is formed.

[0022] The absolute coordinates and displacement values ​​of the monitoring points are collected by the GM measuring points, and combined with the relative positioning of the MEMS measuring points, the short- and medium-term displacement field of the dam is calculated.

[0023] By calibrating all measurement points and determining the overall deformation trend of the dam, and combining all monitoring points, the overall displacement field of the dam is calculated, and the dam deformation early warning is achieved based on the calculated displacement field.

[0024] Furthermore, the establishment of a monitoring network for monitoring reservoir dam displacement includes:

[0025] The dam project area is divided into several monitoring areas, including geologically complex areas, engineering connection areas, and engineering anomaly areas. Each area is distributed in a strip along the dam axis, and various monitoring points are arranged along the central axis and edge lines of the area. In key areas, full-quantity monitoring points or GM monitoring points are used, and the monitoring points are connected to form a monitoring network.

[0026] If the distance between the full measurement points and GM measurement points is too far, the monitoring network will be encrypted using MEMS measurement points.

[0027] Furthermore, the monitoring network is arranged in a quadrilateral grid or a triangular grid.

[0028] Furthermore, based on the absolute coordinates and displacement values ​​of the monitoring points collected by the GM measuring points, the displacements of other monitoring points are calculated using the following formula:

[0029] μ = [N][μ] node

[0030] In the formula, μ represents the displacement vector of the point to be determined, [N] represents the shape function (adapted to the shape of the control network), and [μ] represents the shape function. node This represents the displacement vector of the control point.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by arranging full-scale measurement points, GM measurement points and MEMS measurement points on the dam, and using multiple instruments to continuously monitor the deformation of the dam surface, this invention can effectively monitor the deformation of the reservoir dam surface and provide timely early warning, thereby improving the continuity, accuracy and reliability of monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following description is provided with accompanying drawings of the relevant technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings described below are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating some embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the quadrilateral grid monitoring network layout in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular mesh monitoring network layout in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a multi-instrument joint observation and early warning method for reservoir dam safety monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The step numbers in the following embodiments are set only for ease of explanation, and there is no limitation on the order between the steps. The execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0040] Terminology Explanation:

[0041] Full range of measurement points: including MEMS sensors (microelectromechanical systems), GNSS equipment, target prisms and other equipment, which can acquire real coordinates and displacement of measurement points in real time, short to medium term and long term under dam operation;

[0042] GM measurement points: These include measurement points that can acquire real-time, short-to-medium-term coordinates and displacements using MEMS sensors (microelectromechanical systems) and GNSS equipment.

[0043] MEMS measurement points: These include MEMS sensors (microelectromechanical systems) as additional monitoring points to acquire displacement and relative coordinates.

[0044] Target prism: A device that uses a reflecting prism (or reflector) as a reflector for distance measurement. The prism receives the light signal emitted by the total station and reflects it back. The total station uses optical principles to calculate the distance to the reflecting prism.

[0045] Total station: also known as electronic total station, is a high-tech surveying instrument that integrates optics, mechanics, and electronics. It is a surveying instrument system that integrates the functions of measuring horizontal angles, vertical angles, distances (slope distances, horizontal distances), and elevation differences.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a multi-instrument joint observation and early warning system for reservoir dam safety monitoring. This system can effectively improve the monitoring accuracy of reservoir dam bank slope stability, which is conducive to timely detection of anomalies and reduction of the occurrence of dangerous situations.

[0047] The system includes:

[0048] A monitoring network for monitoring the displacement of a reservoir dam is set up on the dam. The monitoring network includes full measurement points, GM measurement points, and MEMS measurement points. Among them, the full measurement points serve as control points in the monitoring network, the GM measurement points serve as supplementary control points, and the MEMS measurement points serve as densification points.

[0049] The data processing module is used to acquire monitoring data collected from all measurement points, GM measurement points, and MEMS measurement points, process the monitoring data to obtain the displacement field of the monitoring network, and realize early warning of dam deformation based on the displacement field.

[0050] This system requires the pre-positioning of monitoring points on the reservoir dam to form a monitoring network. Specifically, a quadrilateral grid pattern can be used to arrange the monitoring network, such as... Figure 1 As shown. A triangular grid pattern can also be used to arrange the monitoring network, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0051] As an optional implementation method, the method for arranging the monitoring network includes the following steps A1-A2:

[0052] A1. Overall layout: The dam project area is divided into several monitoring areas, including geologically complex areas, engineering connection areas, and engineering anomaly areas. The areas are distributed in a strip along the dam axis as much as possible. Various monitoring points are arranged along the central axis and edge lines of the areas. Full measurement points or GM measurement points are used in key areas. The monitoring points are connected to form a monitoring network. Various monitoring points can be interconnected. The monitoring grid includes two types: triangular grid and quadrilateral grid.

[0053] A2. Encryption method: If the distance between the full measurement points and GM measurement points is too far, the monitoring network can be encrypted by using MEMS measurement points.

[0054] As an optional implementation, the equipment deployed at the monitoring points in the monitoring network includes displacement and deformation monitoring devices such as MEMS sensors (microelectromechanical systems), GNSS equipment, target prisms, and total stations. These are categorized by equipment composition: Full-scale monitoring points, including MEMS sensors, GNSS equipment, target prisms, and total stations, used to acquire real-time, short-to-medium-term, and long-term coordinates and displacements of the dam. GM monitoring points, including MEMS sensors and GNSS equipment, used to acquire real-time and short-to-medium-term coordinates and displacements. MEMS monitoring points, containing only MEMS sensors, serve as densification points in the monitoring network, used to acquire displacement and relative coordinates. Full-scale monitoring points act as control points in the monitoring network; their acquired displacement values ​​can be used as true displacement values ​​to control and adjust the overall true displacement field of the dam project. GM monitoring points act as supplementary control points; their acquired displacement values ​​can be used as short-to-medium-term displacement values ​​to control and adjust the short-to-medium-term displacement field of the dam project. MEMS monitoring points act as densification points, with various types of monitoring points arranged interactively.

[0055] As further alternative implementation methods, MEMS sensors (microelectromechanical systems) provide passive measurement using relative positioning, operate fully autonomously, and have good dynamic characteristics, but lack absolute position and time information, resulting in significant cumulative errors. GNSS provides active measurement using absolute positioning, with minimal error accumulation, and can provide relatively high positioning accuracy and time information over a certain period, but is susceptible to environmental influences and exhibits dynamic response lag. Total stations provide precise measurements using absolute positioning, with virtually no error accumulation, providing high-precision position and time information, but suffer from significant monitoring lag.

[0056] Based on the advantages and disadvantages of the three types of monitoring equipment, a long-term and short-term monitoring value fusion algorithm is adopted to process the data of the three monitoring points. This long-term and short-term monitoring value fusion algorithm is a fusion algorithm for displacement deformation monitoring systems such as MEMS sensor (microelectromechanical system) instantaneous monitoring system, GNSS short-term monitoring system, and total station precise measurement long-term monitoring system.

[0057] Based on the above system, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment also provides a multi-instrument joint observation and early warning method for reservoir dam safety monitoring. This method can effectively improve the monitoring accuracy of reservoir dam bank slope stability, which is conducive to timely detection of anomalies and reduction of the occurrence of dangerous situations. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. Establish a monitoring network for monitoring the displacement of reservoir dams; the monitoring network includes full measurement points, GM measurement points and MEMS measurement points.

[0059] Specifically, step S1 includes steps S11-S12:

[0060] S11. The dam project area is divided into several monitoring zones, including geologically complex zones, engineering connection zones, and engineering anomaly zones. Each zone is distributed in a strip along the dam axis, and various monitoring points are arranged along the central axis and edges of each zone. Key areas use full-scale monitoring points or GM monitoring points, and the monitoring points are connected to form a monitoring network. The monitoring grid includes two types: triangular grids and quadrilateral grids.

[0061] S12. If the distance between the full measurement points and GM measurement points is too far, the monitoring network can be densified by using MEMS measurement points to achieve a densified layout.

[0062] S2. Based on the data collected by MEMS measuring points, the displacement of the monitoring points is calculated. Combined with the analysis of the overall deformation law of the dam, a preliminary real-time displacement field of the dam is formed.

[0063] Before step S2, there is also a time synchronization step: synchronizing the time of observations from MEMS, GNSS, total station precision measurements, etc. at various measuring points.

[0064] After synchronization, the MEMS measuring points can provide real-time angular acceleration, acceleration, and angle at a specific point on the dam, and recursively calculate the relative displacement. The displacement calculated by the MEMS measuring points, through analysis of the overall deformation pattern of the dam, initially forms the real-time displacement field of the dam.

[0065] S3. The absolute coordinates and displacement values ​​of the monitoring points are collected by the GM measuring points, and combined with the relative positioning of the MEMS measuring points, the short-term displacement field of the dam is calculated.

[0066] Between 4 and 8 hours, the GM measuring point provides the absolute coordinates and displacement values ​​acquired by GNSS. These coordinates and displacement values ​​are then compared with the function μ = [N][μ]. node The displacement of any point in the monitoring network is estimated. GNSS and MEMS measurements are fused and filtered to correct for cumulative errors in the MEMS, thus initially forming a displacement field in the short to medium term.

[0067] S4. By correcting and determining the overall deformation trend of the dam through full measurement points, and combining all monitoring points, calculate the overall displacement field of the dam, and realize early warning of dam deformation based on the calculated displacement field.

[0068] Total station measurements are used to correct the overall deformation trend of the dam. This, combined with the established monitoring network, is then analyzed using the function μ = [N][μ]. node Calculate the overall displacement field; determine the deformation early warning value.

[0069] The method in this embodiment calculates and analyzes the deformation displacement of the dam surface based on multi-instrument displacement monitoring data. It can effectively monitor the surface deformation of the reservoir dam and provide timely early warning, thereby improving the continuity, accuracy and reliability of monitoring.

[0070] This embodiment also provides a multi-instrument joint observation and early warning system for reservoir dam safety monitoring, including:

[0071] At least one processor;

[0072] At least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0073] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements Figure 3 The method shown.

[0074] This embodiment of a reservoir dam safety monitoring multi-instrument joint observation and early warning supply device can execute the reservoir dam safety monitoring multi-instrument joint observation and early warning supply method provided in the method embodiment of the present invention. It can execute any combination of the implementation steps of the method embodiment and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the method.

[0075] This application also discloses a computer program product or computer program, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and execute the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform... Figure 3 The method shown.

[0076] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing instructions or programs that can execute the multi-instrument joint observation and early warning method for reservoir dam safety monitoring provided in the method embodiment of the present invention. When the instructions or programs are run, any combination of implementation steps of the method embodiment can be executed, and the method has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects.

[0077] In some alternative embodiments, the functions / operations mentioned in the block diagrams may not occur in the order shown in the operation diagrams. For example, depending on the functions / operations involved, two consecutively shown blocks may actually be executed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in reverse order. Furthermore, the embodiments presented and described in the flowcharts of this invention are provided by way of example to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the technology. The disclosed methods are not limited to the operations and logic flows presented herein. Alternative embodiments are contemplated in which the order of various operations is altered and sub-operations described as part of a larger operation are executed independently.

[0078] Furthermore, although the invention has been described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, one or more of the described functions and / or features may be integrated into a single physical device and / or software module, or one or more functions and / or features may be implemented in a separate physical device or software module. It is also understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is unnecessary for understanding the invention. Rather, given the properties, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the apparatus disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the module will be understood within the scope of conventional skill of an engineer. Therefore, those skilled in the art can implement the invention as set forth in the claims using ordinary techniques without excessive experimentation. It is also understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is determined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0079] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0080] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0081] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk drives (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0082] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0083] In the foregoing description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "another embodiment," or "some embodiments" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0084] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0085] The above is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A reservoir dam safety monitoring multi-instrument combined observation early warning system, characterized in that, The application relates to a monitoring network for monitoring reservoir dam displacement, which is arranged on a reservoir dam, and comprises full-measurement points, GM measurement points and MEMS measurement points; wherein the full-measurement points serve as control points in the monitoring network, the GM measurement points serve as supplementary control points, and the MEMS measurement points serve as encryption points; a data processing module is used for acquiring monitoring data collected by the full-measurement points, the GM measurement points and the MEMS measurement points, processing the monitoring data, obtaining a displacement field of the monitoring network, and realizing dam deformation early warning according to the displacement field; wherein the MEMS measurement points serve as encryption points of the monitoring network and are used for acquiring relative displacement and relative coordinates between monitoring points; displacement calculated based on angular acceleration, acceleration and angle collected by the MEMS measurement points is combined with overall dam deformation law analysis to preliminarily form a real-time displacement field of the dam; the GM measurement points are used for acquiring coordinates and displacement of monitoring points in real time and in a medium and short term; displacement of any monitoring point in the monitoring network is calculated based on absolute coordinates and displacement values collected by the GM measurement points; GNSS equipment in the MEMS measurement points and the GM measurement points is fused to filter measurement values, cumulative errors of the MEMS measurement points are corrected, and a displacement field in a medium and short term is preliminarily formed; the full-measurement points are used for acquiring real coordinates and displacement of monitoring points in real time, in a medium and short term and in a long term; overall dam deformation trends are corrected and determined based on measurement values obtained by the full-measurement points; displacement fields and deformation trends of the overall dam are calculated in combination with all monitoring points in the entire monitoring network; and dam deformation early warning is realized according to the calculated displacement field. The monitoring network is arranged in a quadrilateral grid mode or a triangular grid mode. The MEMS measurement points only comprise MEMS sensors, data collected by the MEMS sensors are passive measurement values, the MEMS measurement points work in a relative positioning mode, have good dynamic characteristics, lack absolute positions and time information, and have serious recursive cumulative errors. The GM measurement points comprise MEMS sensors and GNSS equipment, data collected by the GNSS equipment are active measurement values, the GM measurement points work in an absolute positioning mode, have small error accumulation, provide position information and time information, and are susceptible to environmental influences and have lagged dynamic responses. The full-measurement points comprise MEMS sensors, GNSS equipment, target prisms and total stations; the total stations work in an absolute positioning mode, have no error accumulation, provide high-precision position information and time information, and have serious monitoring lag. The application further relates to a method for monitoring reservoir dam displacement, which comprises the following steps:

2. The reservoir dam safety monitoring multi-instrument combined observation early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, establishing a monitoring network for monitoring reservoir dam displacement; wherein the monitoring network comprises full-measurement points, GM measurement points and MEMS measurement points, the full-measurement points serve as control points in the monitoring network, the GM measurement points serve as supplementary control points, and the MEMS measurement points serve as encryption points; the MEMS measurement points serve as encryption points of the monitoring network and are used for acquiring relative displacement and relative coordinates between monitoring points; the GM measurement points are used for acquiring coordinates and displacement of monitoring points in real time and in a medium and short term; and the full-measurement points are used for acquiring real coordinates and displacement of monitoring points in real time, in a medium and short term and in a long term.

3. The reservoir dam safety monitoring multi-instrument combined observation early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 4. The reservoir dam safety monitoring multi-instrument combined observation early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 5. The reservoir dam safety monitoring multi-instrument combined observation early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 6. A multi-instrument joint observation early warning method for reservoir dam safety monitoring, characterized in that, ​ ​ According to the angular acceleration, acceleration and angle collected by the MEMS measuring point, the displacement of the monitoring point is calculated, combined with the overall deformation law analysis of the dam, and the real-time displacement field of the dam is initially formed; The absolute coordinates and displacement values collected by the GM measuring point are used to calculate the displacement of any monitoring point in the monitoring network, the GNSS devices in the MEMS measuring point and the GM measuring point are fused and filtered, the cumulative error of the MEMS measuring point is corrected, and the short-term displacement field of the dam is calculated and obtained; The overall deformation trend of the dam is corrected and determined through the full measuring point, combined with all monitoring points in the entire monitoring network, the displacement field of the dam is calculated, and the dam deformation warning is realized according to the calculated displacement field.

7. The multi-instrument combined observation early warning method for reservoir dam safety monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The monitoring network for monitoring the displacement of the reservoir dam comprises: The dam engineering area is divided into several monitoring areas, the monitoring areas include complex geological areas, engineering connection areas and engineering abnormal areas; each area is distributed in a strip along the dam axis, various monitoring points are arranged along the central axis and the boundary line of the area, full measuring points or GM measuring points are used in key areas, and the monitoring points are connected to form a monitoring network; If the distance between the full measuring point and the GM measuring point is too far, the monitoring network is encrypted through the MEMS measuring point.

8. The multi-instrument combined observation early warning method for reservoir dam safety monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The monitoring network is arranged in a quadrilateral grid mode or a triangular grid mode.

9. The multi-instrument combined observation early warning method for reservoir dam safety monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that, According to the absolute coordinates and displacement values of the monitoring points collected by the GM measuring point, the displacement of other monitoring points is calculated by the following formula: wherein denotes the displacement vector of the point to be found, denotes the shape function, denotes the displacement vector of the control point.

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