A shaft rudder system lighting measurement method

Abstract

A method for optical alignment measurement of the shaft and rudder system. The rudder hole is located diagonally above the boring hole, and the total station is located below the rudder hole and on the central axis of the boring hole. Determine the position of the hull center line to make the hull center line coincide with the central axis of the boring hole, and set the bow and stern reference points so that the three-dimensional coordinate data of the bow and stern reference points are the same. Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the bow and stern reference points as the coordinate origin to obtain the center deviation values between the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring hole, and the center deviation values between the upper port and the lower end hole of the rudder hole; adjust the center deviations of the boring hole and the rudder hole so that the three-dimensional coordinate data of the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring hole meet the tolerance requirements. The construction of the present invention is convenient, has a wide applicability, is more intuitive and reliable, has a good use effect, can well achieve the improvement of the optical alignment accuracy of the shaft and rudder system during the measurement process, and can obtain the corresponding data at one time. When the constructor conducts the measurement operation, it is convenient to measure the data of the boring hole and the rudder hole system, and there is no need to additionally use a plumb line for measurement, which improves the measurement accuracy and reduces the construction time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of ship design and construction, and particularly relates to a method for accurately aligning and measuring the shaft and rudder system during the shipbuilding process. Background Art

[0002] When a shipyard builds a ship, the alignment construction of the stern shaft and rudder system is one of the extremely important production items in shipbuilding. The alignment measurement construction needs to meet the tolerance requirements for the shaft and rudder system data in the design. In particular, the data requirements for the rudder system are extremely strict. The matching of the center accuracy data of the rudder hole and the boring center accuracy data needs to be controlled within a range of 2 mm. And with the further development of shipbuilding specifications, the requirements of shipowners for the alignment accuracy data of the shaft and rudder system are also more stringent. Therefore, necessary measures need to be taken to improve the measurement accuracy during the alignment measurement of the shaft and rudder system. Currently, the commonly used method of hanging a plumb bob has poor effect and is greatly affected by the weather. It requires manual pulling of the ruler for measurement, which restricts the accuracy. There are many manual measurement points, the data taking is cumbersome, there are high safety hazards, the measurement accuracy is poor, and the measurement cycle is long, resulting in a large amount of data errors, unable to pass the inspection successfully at one time, increasing the construction cost and prolonging the construction period. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for aligning and measuring the shaft and rudder system. The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0004] A method for aligning and measuring the shaft and rudder system, where the rudder hole is located obliquely above the boring hole, the rudder hole is placed vertically, the boring hole is placed horizontally, the reference tooling is located below the rudder machine platform and has a spacing from the boring hole, the total station is placed on the platform of the reference tooling, the total station is located below the rudder hole and on the central axis of the boring hole. The specific steps for aligning and measuring the shaft and rudder system are as follows:

[0005] S1: Determine the position of the hull center line, measure the hull center line and the central axis of the boring hole, and use the total station to detect whether the hull center line coincides with the central axis of the boring hole or there is a deviation. If there is a deviation, judge whether the deviation value is within the specified range. If the deviation value is large, change the position of the hull center line to make the hull center line coincide with the central axis of the boring hole.

[0006] S2: Above the hull center line, a stern reference point A is provided and a reflecting target is set away from the end face of the rudder hole at the tail, and a bow reference point B is provided and a reflecting target is set away from the end face of the main engine pit at the bow. The height of the bow reference point B is equal to the highest point of the horizontal data of the upper panel of the main engine pit.

[0007] Set up stations for the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B respectively using a total station, measure the three-dimensional coordinate data of the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B, and check whether the levels of the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B are the same according to the three-dimensional coordinate data. If they are different, adjust the height of the bow reference point B to be the same as that of the stern reference point A so that the three-dimensional coordinate data of the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B are the same.

[0008] S3: A plurality of reflection targets are fixed at equal intervals at the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring hole, and at the upper port and the lower port of the rudder hole. The reflection targets at the bow outlet of the boring hole correspond to the reflection targets at the stern outlet of the boring hole, and the reflection targets at the upper port of the rudder hole correspond to the reflection targets at the lower port of the rudder hole. A center target is set at the center of the center of the rudder machine platform.

[0009] S4: The total station establishes a three-dimensional coordinate system with the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B as the coordinate origin, and sequentially measures the three-dimensional coordinate data of the bow outlet of the boring hole, the stern outlet of the boring hole, the upper port of the rudder hole, and the lower port of the rudder hole. According to the three-dimensional coordinate data, the center deviation value between the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring hole and the center deviation value between the upper port and the lower end hole of the rudder hole are obtained.

[0010] S5: Adjust the center deviation of the boring hole and the rudder hole. The center deviation value of the boring hole is adjusted based on the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B. The three-dimensional coordinate data of the lower port and the upper port of the rudder hole are adjusted based on the three-dimensional coordinate data of the upper port of the rudder hole, and the front and back direction data of the three-dimensional coordinate data of the upper port of the rudder hole and the stern outlet of the boring hole are calculated to obtain the spacing value of the two items of data. Check on-site the deviation value between the upper port of the rudder hole and the rudder hole data, and whether the three-dimensional coordinate data of the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring hole meet the tolerance requirements. If the eccentricity data of the rudder hole and the boring hole exceed the tolerance range, make corrections according to the three-dimensional coordinate data.

[0011] In the above method for optical alignment measurement of the shaft-rudder system, further, the total station is located below the rudder hole and on the central axis of the rudder hole.

[0012] In the above method for optical alignment measurement of the shaft-rudder system, further, the total station is supported and fixed below the rudder hole by a bracket.

[0013] In the above method for optical alignment measurement of the shaft-rudder system, further, the end of the boring hole close to the bow of the ship is the bow outlet, and the end of the boring hole close to the stern of the ship is the stern outlet.

[0014] In the above method for optical alignment measurement of the shaft-rudder system, further, the end of the rudder hole close to the water surface is the lower port, and the end of the rudder hole far from the water surface is the upper port.

[0015] In the above method for optical alignment measurement of the shaft-rudder system, further, the reference tooling is located below the rudder machine platform and has a spacing from the boring hole, and the total station is placed on the platform of the reference tooling.

[0016] The construction of the present invention is convenient, has a wide applicability, is more intuitive and reliable, has a good use effect, can well improve the lighting accuracy of the shaft and rudder system during the measurement process, and can obtain corresponding data at one time. When constructors perform measurement operations, they can conveniently measure the data of boring and rudder holes, and do not need to additionally use a plumb line for measurement, which improves the measurement accuracy and reduces the construction time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rudder hole or boring hole with a reflective target;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a rudder machine platform with a reflective target;

[0020] Wherein: 1 - rudder hole, 2 - boring hole, 3 - total station, 4 - center of the rudder machine platform, 5 - reference tooling, 6 - main engine pit, 7 - reflective target, 8 - center light target, A - stern reference point A, B - bow reference point B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] A method for lighting measurement of a shaft and rudder system, having a rudder hole and a boring hole, the boring hole being the shaft system, the rudder hole being the stern rudder system, the rudder hole being located obliquely above the boring hole, the rudder hole being placed vertically, the boring hole being placed horizontally, the reference tooling being located below the rudder machine platform and having a spacing from the boring hole, the total station being placed on the platform of the reference tooling, the total station being located below the rudder hole and on the central axis of the boring hole, a rudder hole being provided at the center of the rudder machine platform, and the specific steps of the lighting measurement of the shaft and rudder system are as follows:

[0023] S1: Determine the position of the hull center line, measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the hull center line and the central axis of the boring hole, use the total station to detect whether the hull center line coincides with the central axis of the boring hole or there is a deviation. If there is a deviation, judge whether the deviation value is within the specified range. If the deviation value is large, change the position of the hull center line to make the hull center line coincide with the central axis of the boring hole. It is necessary to ensure the consistency of the hull center line and the central axis of the boring hole in three-dimensional coordinates, that is, to be consistent in the x-axis and y-axis directions, and also to be consistent in the z-axis direction.

[0024] S2: It is necessary to determine the horizontal degree of the boring at the bow and stern. Above the center line of the hull, a stern reference point A is set away from the end face of the stern of the rudder hole and a reflective target is placed. A bow reference point B is set away from the end face of the bow of the rudder hole and a reflective target is placed. The bow reference point B is located at the highest point of the horizontal data of the upper panel of the main engine pit. Use a total station to set up stations at the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B, measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B, and judge through the three-dimensional coordinate data whether the horizontal degrees of the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B are the same, that is, whether the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B are on the same horizontal plane, that is, the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B are consistent in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions. If they are different, reasonable relocation is required. Taking the height of the bow reference point B as the main reference, adjust the height of the stern reference point A to make the horizontal degrees of the reference point A and the reference point B the same.

[0025] S3: A plurality of reflective targets are fixed at equal intervals at the bow outlet and stern outlet of the boring, and at the upper port and lower port of the rudder hole. The reflective targets at the bow outlet of the boring correspond to the reflective targets at the stern outlet of the boring, and the reflective targets at the upper port of the rudder hole correspond to the reflective targets at the lower port of the rudder hole. A center target is set at the center of the center of the steering gear platform.

[0026] S4: The total station establishes a three-dimensional coordinate system with the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B as the coordinate origin, and sequentially measures the three-dimensional coordinate data of the bow outlet of the boring, the stern outlet of the boring, the upper port of the rudder hole, and the lower port of the rudder hole. According to the three-dimensional coordinate data, the center deviation value between the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring and the center deviation value between the upper port and the lower end hole of the rudder hole are obtained.

[0027] S5: Adjust the center deviation of the boring and the rudder hole. The center deviation value of the boring is adjusted based on the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B. The three-dimensional coordinate data of the lower port and the upper port of the rudder hole are adjusted based on the three-dimensional coordinate data of the upper port of the rudder hole, and the front and rear direction data of the three-dimensional coordinate data of the upper port of the rudder hole and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the stern outlet of the boring are calculated to obtain the spacing value of the two items of data. On-site check the deviation value between the upper port of the rudder hole and the rudder hole data, and whether the three-dimensional coordinate data of the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring meet the tolerance requirements. If the eccentricity data of the rudder hole and the boring exceed the tolerance range, correct the bow reference point B and the stern reference point A on the boring according to the three-dimensional coordinate data. The corrected data should be ensured to be within the tolerance range. Repeat the above steps for precision measurement construction and finally determine the integrity of the data.

[0028] The construction of the present invention is convenient, has a wide applicability, is more intuitive and reliable, has a good use effect, can well achieve the improvement of the lighting accuracy of the shaft and rudder system during the measurement process, and can obtain corresponding data at one time. When the constructor conducts the measurement operation, it is convenient to measure the data of the boring and the rudder hole system, and there is no need to additionally use a plumb bob for measurement, which improves the measurement accuracy and reduces the construction time.

Claims

1. A shaft rudder system light measurement method, characterized in that: The rudder hole is located diagonally above the boring hole. The rudder hole is placed vertically, and the boring hole is placed horizontally. The total station is placed on the platform of the reference tooling, below the rudder hole and on the central axis of the boring hole. The specific steps for the alignment measurement of the shaft-rudder system are as follows. S1: Determine the position of the hull centerline, measure the hull centerline and the central axis of the boring hole, and use the total station to detect whether the hull centerline coincides with the central axis of the boring hole or there is a deviation. If there is a deviation, judge whether the deviation value is within the specified range. If the deviation value is large, change the position of the hull centerline to make the hull centerline coincide with the central axis of the boring hole. S2: Above the hull centerline, a stern reference point A is set and a reflecting target is installed away from the end face of the rudder hole at the tail. A bow reference point B is set and a reflecting target is installed away from the end face of the bow of the main engine pit. The height of the bow reference point B is equal to the highest point of the horizontal data of the upper panel of the main engine pit. Use the total station to set up stations for the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B respectively, measure the three-dimensional coordinate data of the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B, and detect whether the levels of the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B are the same according to the three-dimensional coordinate data. If they are different, adjust the height of the bow reference point B to be the same as that of the stern reference point A to make the three-dimensional coordinate data of the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B the same. S3: A number of reflecting targets are fixed at equal intervals at the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring hole, and at the upper port and the lower port of the rudder hole. The reflecting targets at the bow outlet of the boring hole correspond to the reflecting targets at the stern outlet of the boring hole, and the reflecting targets at the upper port of the rudder hole correspond to the reflecting targets at the lower port of the rudder hole. A central target is set at the center of the center of the rudder machine platform. S4: The total station establishes a three-dimensional coordinate system with the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B as the coordinate origin, and successively measures the three-dimensional coordinate data of the bow outlet of the boring hole, the stern outlet of the boring hole, the upper port of the rudder hole, and the lower port of the rudder hole. According to the three-dimensional coordinate data, obtain the center deviation value between the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring hole, and the center deviation value between the upper port and the lower end hole of the rudder hole. S5: Adjust the center deviation of the boring hole and the rudder hole. The center deviation value of the boring hole is adjusted based on the stern reference point A and the bow reference point B. The three-dimensional coordinate data of the lower port and the upper port of the rudder hole are adjusted based on the three-dimensional coordinate data of the upper port of the rudder hole, and calculate the spacing value of the two items of data by calculating the front-back direction data of the three-dimensional coordinate data of the upper port of the rudder hole and the stern outlet of the boring hole. Check on-site the deviation value between the upper port of the rudder hole and the rudder hole data, and whether the three-dimensional coordinate data of the bow outlet and the stern outlet of the boring hole meet the tolerance requirements. If the eccentricity data of the rudder hole and the boring hole exceed the tolerance range, correct according to the three-dimensional coordinate data.

2. The shaft rudder system light measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total station is located below the rudder hole and on the central axis of the rudder hole.

3. A shaft rudder system light measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total station is supported and fixed below the rudder hole through a bracket.

4. The shaft rudder system light measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the boring hole close to the bow of the ship is the bow outlet, and one end of the boring hole close to the stern of the ship is the stern outlet.

5. A shaft rudder system lighting measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rudder hole close to the water surface is the lower port, and one end of the rudder hole far from the water surface is the upper port.

6. A shaft rudder system light measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reference tooling is located below the rudder machine platform, with a spacing from the boring hole. The total station is placed on the platform of the reference tooling.

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