A rice hull pyrolysis reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a novel rice hull pyrolysis reactor and relates to the field of biomass energy sources.The reactor comprises a reaction gas outlet section, a carbon particle screening section and a carbon storage section.The lower end of the reaction gas outlet section is connected to the upper end of the carbon particle screening section in a water seal mode.The lower end of the carbon particle screening section is connected to the upper end of the carbon storage section in a water seal mode.The reaction gas outlet section, the carbon particle screening section and the carbon storage section are arranged in cooperation.The reaction gas outlet section and the carbon storage section are supported by supports during use.The carbon particle screening section connects the reaction gas outlet section and the carbon storage section as an intermediate part.The three sections are connected in a sealed mode through an annular water tank, so that the three sections can be conveniently separated, thereby facilitating maintenance personnel to carry out maintenance.A driving motor drives a driving gear to rotate.The driving gear is engaged with a tooth groove formed in the end face of the second end of a tooth cylinder, so that the carbon particle screening plate can rotate.The carbon particle screening plate is uniformly provided with screening holes, so that carbon particles can uniformly fall and the quality of carbon products can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass energy, specifically a rice husk pyrolysis reactor. Background Technology

[0002] After rice is produced, a large amount of rice husks remain, accounting for about 20% of the weight of rice. Rice husks are lightweight, have a relatively high ash content, and are a medium- to low-calorific-value fuel, making them a good raw material for pyrolysis gas co-production.

[0003] In current biomass pyrolysis technology, some have proposed multi-product technology—gas and char co-production—but it has not been widely applied due to the following two reasons: First, poor reactor stability and limitations in raw materials; second, the few small-scale applications still primarily focus on gas production, with very low added value from char utilization. Rice husks are relatively uniform, with low and stable moisture content. Whether they can be applied on a large scale depends mainly on the stability, safety, and continuity of the pyrolysis reactor. Therefore, the stability, ease of operation, and safety of the pyrolysis reactor are the focus and hot topic of research. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rice husk pyrolysis reactor that is stable, safe and efficient, and can guarantee the quality of char products, so as to solve the problems of poor stability and complex maintenance of existing reactors.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rice husk pyrolysis reactor, comprising a reaction gas outlet section, a carbon particle screening section, and a carbon bin section, wherein the lower end of the reaction gas outlet section is water-sealed to the upper end of the carbon particle screening section, and the lower end of the carbon particle screening section is water-sealed to the upper end of the carbon bin section.

[0006] In the aforementioned rice husk pyrolysis reactor, an annular water tank is installed on either the reaction gas outlet section or the carbon particle screening section, and a portion of the other extends into the annular water tank and is located below the liquid surface; similarly, an annular water tank is installed on either the carbon particle screening section or the carbon bin section, and a portion of the other extends into the annular water tank and is located below the liquid surface.

[0007] The above-mentioned rice husk pyrolysis reactor includes a carbon particle screening section comprising a carbon particle screening plate and a toothed cylinder. The first end of the toothed cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the carbon particle screening plate, and a toothed groove is provided on the end face of the second end of the toothed cylinder. The second end of the toothed cylinder extends below the liquid surface in the annular water tank, and the toothed groove thereon meshes with the drive gear in the annular water tank.

[0008] In the above-mentioned rice husk pyrolysis reactor, the carbon particle screening plate is uniformly provided with screening holes with a diameter of 25-30 mm. A conical gas distribution assembly is rotatably mounted at the center of the carbon particle screening plate. An anti-burning hollow rod is installed on the conical gas distribution assembly, and an air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to its lower part.

[0009] In the aforementioned rice husk pyrolysis reactor, the carbon bin section is a double-cylinder carbon bin. Support rollers are fixed to the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the double-cylinder carbon bin, and these rollers are slidably connected to a carbon particle screening plate. The air inlet pipe is fixed inside the inner cylinder of the double-cylinder carbon bin, and its lower end passes through both the inner and outer cylinders and extends outside the double-cylinder carbon bin.

[0010] In the aforementioned rice husk pyrolysis reactor, a silo section is nested inside the upper part of the reaction outlet section. A feeding assembly is installed at the upper part of the silo section. An outlet is installed at the upper part of the reaction outlet section, and an ignition port is installed at the lower part. An upper level gauge and a lower level gauge are installed on the silo section, with their positions corresponding vertically to control the feeding. An vent pipe is installed at the upper part of the silo section, and a pneumatic valve is installed on the vent pipe to vent the silo section when the reactor is turned on or off.

[0011] The above-mentioned rice husk pyrolysis reactor includes a feeding assembly comprising a feeding hopper and a feeding screw conveyor. The feeding hopper is installed on the feeding screw conveyor, and the outlet of the feeding screw conveyor is connected to the upper part of the silo section.

[0012] In the aforementioned rice husk pyrolysis reactor, the lower outlet of the carbon bin section is connected to the feed inlet of the screw conveyor, the cooling water inlet of the intermediate shaft of the screw conveyor is fluidly connected to the outlet of the cooling water pump, and a fan is installed at the discharge outlet of the screw conveyor, with the outlet of the fan being the carbon outlet.

[0013] In the above-mentioned rice husk pyrolysis reactor, the conical gas distribution assembly is composed of a screen tube and a conical cap. The conical cap is installed at the upper end of the screen tube, and the lower end of the screen tube is connected to the air inlet pipe. The screen tube is provided with conical holes that are larger inside and smaller outside.

[0014] In the above-mentioned rice husk pyrolysis reactor, there are several anti-burning rods of varying lengths. One end of each anti-burning rod is fixedly connected to the conical gas distribution assembly, and the other end extends into the gas outlet section of the reaction. A tie rod is provided between adjacent anti-burning rods.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. Through the coordinated arrangement of the reaction outlet section, carbon particle screening section, and carbon bin section, the reaction outlet section and carbon bin section are supported by brackets during use. The carbon particle screening section serves as the intermediate part, connecting the reaction outlet section and carbon bin section. The three sections are sealed together by an annular water tank, allowing for easy separation and maintenance. The drive motor drives the drive gear to rotate, which meshes with the toothed groove on the end face of the second end of the gear cylinder, thereby rotating the carbon particle screening plate. The carbon particle screening plate has evenly distributed screening holes with a diameter of 25-30mm, which ensures uniform carbon particle falling and guarantees the quality of the carbon product. Furthermore, the drive gear and the toothed groove on the end face of the second end of the gear cylinder are both located within the annular water tank, avoiding the stability problems caused by placing the traditional gas-carbon cogeneration furnace in a high-temperature position, thus improving the stability and safety of this reactor.

[0017] 2. Through the coordinated design of the conical gas distribution assembly and the anti-burning rod, the supporting rollers are used to support the carbon particle screening plate during use. The number of supporting rollers is arranged according to the reactor diameter, making the rotation of the carbon particle screening plate more convenient and safe. The conical gas distribution assembly is mounted on the center of the carbon particle screening plate and does not rotate with the carbon particle screening plate. The air inlet pipe is fixed on the inner cavity of the double-cylinder carbon chamber and extends downward into the inner cavity of the double-cylinder carbon chamber. During the reaction, the gasifying agent enters the conical gas distribution assembly from the air inlet pipe to form a positive pressure chamber. The conical gas distribution assembly is composed of a screen tube and a conical cap. During use, the conical cap is fixed on the screen tube, and the screen tube is evenly provided with conical holes that are larger inside and smaller outside, which makes the gas distribution effect inside the equipment better and improves the stability of the equipment. The unique furnace body air inlet, gas distribution and carbon production structure makes the reaction more stable and efficient.

[0018] 3. Through the coordinated setup of the feeding hopper, feeding screw conveyor, upper level gauge, and lower level gauge, during use, the upper level gauge is set in the conical section of the hopper section, and the lower level gauge is set in the straight section of the hopper section. During feeding, when the material level drops to the lower level gauge in the straight section, the lower level gauge will activate the feeding screw conveyor to feed the material. When the material level reaches the upper level gauge in the conical section of the hopper section, the upper level gauge will activate the feeding screw conveyor to stop feeding, thereby achieving automatic feeding.

[0019] 4. With the combined setup of the screw conveyor and the airlock, rice husks are fed into the feed hopper section via the feeding assembly, and then fall into the internal reaction gas outlet section. The ignition is performed through the ignition port. After the reaction, the rice husk biogas is extracted from the upper gas outlet, and the rice husk charcoal falls into the screw conveyor. The rice husk charcoal in the screw conveyor is cooled by a cooling water pump, and finally discharged through the airlock, thus ensuring the safety of the charcoal production of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of this invention;

[0021] Figure 2In this invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the carbon particle screening section in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the conical air distribution assembly in this invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the anti-burning hollow rod in this invention.

[0025] The reference numerals in the diagram are as follows: 1-Reaction outlet section; 2-Carbon bin section; 3-Annular water tank; 4-Carbon particle screening plate; 5-Gear cylinder; 6-Drive gear; 7-Anti-burning rod; 8-Inlet pipe; 9-Support roller; 10-Binding bin section; 11-Outlet; 12-Ignition port; 13-Upper material level gauge; 14-Lower material level gauge; 15-Drain pipe; 16-Feed hopper; 17-Feed screw conveyor; 18-Screw output machine; 19-Cooling water pump; 20-Air shut-off fan; 21-Screw tube; 22-Conical cap; 23-Conical hole; 24-Stretcher. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The rice husk pyrolysis reactor in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a rice husk pyrolysis reactor includes a reaction outlet section 1, a carbon particle screening section, and a carbon bin section 2. The lower end of the reaction outlet section 1 is water-sealed to the upper end of the carbon particle screening section, and the lower end of the carbon particle screening section is water-sealed to the upper end of the carbon bin section 2. An annular water tank 3 is installed on either the reaction outlet section 1 or the carbon particle screening section, with a portion of the other extending into the annular water tank 3 and below the liquid surface. Similarly, an annular water tank 3 is installed on either the carbon particle screening section or the carbon bin section 2, with a portion of the other extending into the annular water tank 3 and below the liquid surface. The reaction outlet section 1, the carbon particle screening section, and the carbon bin section 2 are designed in a coordinated manner. During use, the upper end of the carbon particle screening section is fixed with an annular water trough 3, the lower end of the reaction outlet section 1 is installed in the annular water trough 3, the upper end of the carbon bin section 2 is fixed with an annular water trough 3, and the lower end of the carbon particle screening section is installed in the annular water trough 3. In this configuration, the reaction outlet section 1 and the carbon bin section 2 are supported by brackets, and the carbon particle screening section serves as the middle part to connect the reaction outlet section 1 and the carbon bin section 2. The three parts are sealed together by the annular water trough 3, which allows for easy separation and facilitates maintenance by maintenance personnel.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the carbon particle screening section includes a carbon particle screening plate 4 and a toothed cylinder 5. The first end of the toothed cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the carbon particle screening plate 4, and a toothed groove is formed on the end face of the second end of the toothed cylinder 5. The second end of the toothed cylinder 5 extends below the liquid surface in the annular water tank 3, and the toothed groove on it meshes with the drive gear 6 in the annular water tank 3. Through the cooperative arrangement of the carbon particle screening plate 4 and the toothed cylinder 5, the drive motor drives the drive gear 6 to rotate during use. The drive gear 6 meshes with the toothed groove on the end face of the second end of the toothed cylinder 5, thereby rotating the carbon particle screening plate 4. The carbon particle screening plate 4 has uniformly formed screening holes with a diameter of 25-30 mm, which can achieve uniform falling of carbon particles and ensure the quality of the carbon product. Furthermore, the drive gear 6 and the toothed groove on the end face of the second end of the toothed cylinder 5 are both set in the annular water tank 3, avoiding the instability problem caused by the traditional gas-carbon cogeneration furnace being set in a high-temperature position, thus improving the stability and safety of this reactor.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a conical gas distribution assembly is rotatably fitted at the center of the carbon particle screening plate 4. An anti-burning hollow rod 7 is installed on the conical gas distribution assembly, and an air inlet pipe 8 is fixedly connected to its lower part. The carbon bin section 2 is a double-cylinder carbon bin. Support rollers 9 are fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the double-cylinder carbon bin, and the support rollers 9 are slidably connected to the carbon particle screening plate 4. Through the coordinated arrangement of the conical gas distribution assembly and the anti-burning hollow rod 7, the support rollers 9 support the carbon particle screening plate 4 during use. The number of support rollers 9 is arranged according to the reactor diameter, making the rotation of the carbon particle screening plate 4 more convenient and safe. The conical gas distribution assembly is rotatably fitted at the center of the carbon particle screening plate 4. When a circular mounting hole is opened at the center of the carbon particle screening plate 4, the conical gas distribution assembly does not follow the carbon particles. When the screening plate 4 rotates, and there is no circular mounting hole, the conical gas distribution assembly rotates with the carbon particle screening plate 4. The air inlet pipe 8 is fixed inside the inner cylinder of the double-cylinder carbon bin, and the lower end of the air inlet pipe 8 passes through the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in sequence and extends out of the double-cylinder carbon bin. During the reaction, the gasifying agent enters the conical gas distribution assembly from the air inlet pipe 8 to form a positive pressure chamber. The conical gas distribution assembly is composed of a screen pipe 21 and a cone cap 22. When in use, the cone cap 22 is fixed on the screen pipe 21, and the lower end of the screen pipe 21 is connected to the air inlet pipe 8. The screen pipe 21 is evenly provided with conical holes 23 that are larger inside and smaller outside, so that the gas distribution effect inside the equipment is better and the stability of the equipment is improved. The unique furnace body air intake, gas distribution and carbon production structure makes the reaction more stable and efficient.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, a hopper section 10 is nested inside the upper part of the gas venting section 1. A feeding assembly is installed on the upper part of the hopper section 10. A gas outlet 11 is installed on the upper part of the gas venting section 2, and an ignition port 12 is installed on the lower part. An upper level gauge 13 and a lower level gauge 14 are installed on the hopper section 10. The positions of the upper level gauge 13 and the lower level gauge 14 correspond vertically to control the feeding. Through the coordinated arrangement of the hopper section 10, the upper level gauge 13, and the lower level gauge 14, the feeding assembly includes a feeding hopper 16 and a feeding screw conveyor 17. The feeding hopper 16 is installed on the feeding screw conveyor 17. The outlet of 17 is connected to the upper part of the silo section 10. The upper material level gauge 13 is set in the conical section of the silo section 10, and the lower material level gauge 14 is set in the straight section of the silo section 10. When feeding, the material level drops to the lower material level gauge 14 in the straight section. The lower material level gauge 14 is linked to the feeding screw 17 to feed. When the material level reaches the upper material level gauge 13 in the conical section of the silo section 10, the upper material level gauge 13 is linked to the feeding screw 17 to stop feeding, thereby realizing automatic feeding. The upper part of the silo section 10 is provided with an vent pipe 15. The vent pipe 15 is provided with a pneumatic valve for venting the silo section 10 when starting and stopping the machine.

[0030] The lower outlet of the charcoal bin section 2 is connected to the feed inlet of the screw conveyor 18. The cooling water inlet of the intermediate shaft of the screw conveyor 18 is fluidly connected to the outlet of the cooling water pump 19. A shut-off fan 20 is installed at the discharge port of the screw conveyor 18, and the outlet of the shut-off fan 20 is the charcoal outlet. Through the coordinated setup of the screw conveyor 18 and the shut-off fan 20, rice husks are fed into the feed bin section 10 via the feeding assembly, and then fall into the internal reaction gas outlet section 1. The reaction is ignited through the ignition port 6. After the reaction, the rice husk biogas is extracted from the upper gas outlet 11, and the rice husk charcoal falls into the screw conveyor 18. The cooling water pump 19 cools the rice husk charcoal in the screw conveyor 18, and finally discharges it through the shut-off fan 10, thereby ensuring the safety of charcoal production in the device.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, there are several anti-burning rods 7, each of varying lengths. One end of each anti-burning rod 7 is fixedly connected to the conical gas distribution assembly, while the other end extends into the reaction gas outlet section 1. A tie rod 24 is provided between adjacent anti-burning rods 7. Through the coordinated arrangement of the anti-burning rods 7 and the tie rods 24, the varying lengths of the anti-burning rods 7 during use, along with the tie rods 24 between adjacent anti-burning rods 7, can improve the strength of the anti-burning rods 7 and ensure the safe use of the equipment.

[0032] Examples of applications:

[0033] Rice husks are fed into the feed hopper 16 and then into the silo section 10 via the feed screw conveyor 18. The feeding is controlled by the upper and lower level gauges 13 and 14. When the raw material reaches the upper level gauge 13, the feed screw conveyor 18 stops feeding. When the raw material drops to the lower level gauge 14, the feed screw conveyor 18 starts feeding. Water is added to the annular water tank 3 to form a water seal, making the reaction gas outlet section 1 and the carbon silo section 2 form a closed reactor. During operation, the gasifying agent enters the conical gas distribution assembly from the gas inlet pipe 8 to form a positive pressure chamber. The conical hole 23 distributes gas into the reactor. The assembly rotates periodically according to the reaction conditions. The external drive motor and reducer drive the belt drive gear 6 and the carbon particle screening plate 4 to rotate. The rice husk carbon falls from the carbon particle screening plate 4 into the screw conveyor 18. The carbon in the screw conveyor 18 is discharged through the air shut-off fan 20. The rice husk biogas is extracted from the upper gas outlet 11. During fault repair, the reaction gas outlet section 1 of the reactor can be moved away from the annular water tank 7.

[0034] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. A rice husk pyrolysis reactor, characterized in that, It includes a reaction venting section (1), a carbon particle screening section and a carbon bin section (2). The lower end of the reaction venting section (1) is water-sealed to the upper end of the carbon particle screening section, and the lower end of the carbon particle screening section is water-sealed to the upper end of the carbon bin section (2). The upper part of the reaction venting section (1) is fitted with a material bin section (10). An annular water tank (3) is installed on either the reaction gas outlet section (1) or the carbon particle screening section, and a part of the other extends into the annular water tank (3) and is located below the liquid surface; an annular water tank (3) is also installed on either the carbon particle screening section or the carbon bin section (2), and a part of the other extends into the annular water tank (3) and is located below the liquid surface. The carbon particle screening section includes a carbon particle screening plate (4) and a toothed cylinder (5). The first end of the toothed cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the carbon particle screening plate (4), and a toothed groove is provided on the end face of the second end of the toothed cylinder (5). The second end of the toothed cylinder (5) extends into the annular water tank (3) below the liquid surface, and the toothed groove on it meshes with the drive gear (6) in the annular water tank (3). Screening holes are evenly provided on the carbon particle screening plate (4), and the diameter of the screening holes is 25~30mm. A conical air distribution assembly is rotatably fitted at the center of the carbon particle screening plate (4). An anti-burning air rod (7) is installed on the conical air distribution assembly, and an air inlet pipe (8) is fixedly connected to its lower part.

2. The rice husk pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon bin section (2) is a double-cylinder carbon bin. A support roller (9) is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the double-cylinder carbon bin. The support roller (9) is slidably connected to the carbon particle screening plate (4). The air inlet pipe (8) is fixed inside the inner cylinder of the double-cylinder carbon bin, and the lower end of the air inlet pipe (8) passes through the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in sequence and extends out of the double-cylinder carbon bin.

3. The rice husk pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the silo section (10) is provided with a feeding assembly. The upper part of the reaction gas outlet section (1) is provided with a gas outlet (11) and the lower part is provided with an ignition port (12). The silo section (10) is provided with an upper material level gauge (13) and a lower material level gauge (14). The positions of the upper material level gauge (13) and the lower material level gauge (14) are vertically corresponding and used to control the feeding. The upper part of the silo section (10) is provided with a vent pipe (15). The vent pipe (15) is provided with a pneumatic valve for venting the silo section (10) when the machine is turned on or off.

4. The rice husk pyrolysis reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The feeding assembly includes a feeding hopper (16) and a feeding screw (17). The feeding hopper (16) is installed on the feeding screw (17), and the outlet of the feeding screw (17) is connected to the upper part of the hopper section (10).

5. The rice husk pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower outlet of the carbon bin section (2) is connected to the feed inlet of the screw conveyor (18). The cooling water inlet of the intermediate shaft of the screw conveyor (18) is connected to the outlet of the cooling water pump (19). A fan (20) is installed at the discharge port of the screw conveyor (18), and the outlet of the fan (20) is the carbon outlet.

6. The rice husk pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conical air distribution assembly is composed of a screen tube (21) and a cone cap (22). The cone cap (22) is installed at the upper end of the screen tube (21), and the lower end of the screen tube (21) is connected to the air inlet pipe (8). The screen tube (21) is provided with a conical hole (23) that is larger inside and smaller outside.

7. The rice husk pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of anti-burning air rods (7) is several, and the lengths of the anti-burning air rods (7) are different. One end of the anti-burning air rod (7) is fixedly connected to the conical gas distribution component, and the other end extends into the reaction gas outlet section (1). A tie rod (24) is provided between two adjacent anti-burning air rods (7).

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