Aluminum-magnesium alloy ship bow plug welding plate welding process and welding structure

Abstract

This invention provides a welding process and structure for the bow plug-weld plates of an aluminum-magnesium alloy ship hull, comprising the following steps: S1: Based on the outer profile of the bow rib frame and the midship hull profile, the bow plug-weld plates are divided into several first plug-weld plates and several second plug-weld plates; S2: Several first plug-weld plates are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bow of the hull from stern to bow, and several first plug-weld plates are symmetrically welded to both sides of the bow of the hull sequentially from stern to bow; S3: Several second plug-weld plates are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bow of the hull from stern to bow, and several second plug-weld plates are symmetrically welded to both sides of the bow of the hull sequentially from stern to bow. The welding process of this invention can reduce repeated welding operations, more easily meet process requirements, and has the characteristics of convenient operation, low welding cost, and minimal damage to raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum-magnesium alloy ship hull welding technology, specifically to a welding process and structure for the bow plug welding plate of an aluminum-magnesium alloy ship hull. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum-magnesium alloy is a structural material for modern high-speed ships. Currently, domestic aluminum alloy high-speed ships generally use 5083H321 or H116 materials. It has undergone cold work hardening treatment, has high strength, low density (2.7%), and a coefficient of expansion that is about 3 times larger than that of steel structure ships. This makes the bow plug welding plate of aluminum-magnesium alloy hull extremely prone to hull bending deformation during the installation sequence and welding process.

[0003] The existing welding process involves installing all the plug plates first, followed by unified welding. This welding process easily leads to bending deformation of the bow hull and upward deflection of the midship section. After deformation, the original weld seam is cut open and re-welded to correct it. To eliminate internal stress within the bow plug plates and ensure the hull and midship section dimensions meet requirements, the same process needs to be repeated multiple times to achieve the technical requirements. This repeated welding process easily causes the aluminum-magnesium alloy plates to become brittle, significantly impacting the plate quality and severely testing the structural strength of the bow section of the hull during wave impacts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding process and structure for the bow plug welding plate of an aluminum-magnesium alloy hull, so as to solve the problem that the existing plug welding plate welding method is prone to bow hull bending deformation and midship hull deflection and upward warping deformation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A welding process for the bow plug plate of an aluminum-magnesium alloy ship hull includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Based on the outer shape of the bow rib and the midship hull shape, the bow weld plate is divided into several first weld plates and several second weld plates.

[0008] S2: Install a number of the first plug welding plates symmetrically at intervals from stern to bow on both sides of the bow of the hull, and weld a number of the first plug welding plates symmetrically on both sides of the bow of the hull from stern to bow in sequence;

[0009] S3: Install several second plug welding plates symmetrically at intervals from stern to bow on both sides of the bow of the hull, and then weld several second plug welding plates symmetrically on both sides of the bow of the hull sequentially from stern to bow.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S2, when welding the first plug welding plate, the vertical weld seam near the stern is welded first, then the top weld seam near the deck is welded, then the bottom weld seam near the bottom of the ship is welded, and finally the vertical weld seam near the bow is welded.

[0011] Furthermore, the welding direction of the vertical seam to be welded is from bottom to top, and the welding direction of the top seam to be welded and the bottom seam to be welded is from stern to bow.

[0012] Furthermore, when the length of the vertical weld seam exceeds 600mm, segmented welding is adopted from top to bottom, and during the welding process of each segment, the welding direction is from bottom to top.

[0013] Furthermore, the welding method of the second plug welding plate is the same as that of the first plug welding plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the welding process for the bow plug welding plate of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull also includes the following steps:

[0015] S4: Perform symmetrical secondary welding on the plug weld plates on both sides of the bow of the hull. First, perform symmetrical secondary welding on the vertical welds from stern to bow. Then, perform symmetrical secondary welding on the top surface welds from stern to bow. Finally, perform symmetrical secondary welding on the bottom surface welds from stern to bow. The vertical welds are formed by welding the vertical welds to be welded. The top surface welds are formed by welding the top surface welds to be welded. The bottom surface welds are formed by welding the bottom surface welds to be welded.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S4, the secondary welding direction of the vertical weld is from bottom to top, and the secondary welding direction of the top weld and the bottom weld is from stern to bow.

[0017] Furthermore, when the thickness of the plug welding plate exceeds 10mm, multi-layer welds are used, and the interpass temperature during the welding process is controlled between 220-300℃.

[0018] Furthermore, after welding one layer of weld, the next layer of weld should be welded only after the interpass temperature drops to 60°C or below. The start and end points of each layer of weld should be staggered by at least 100mm.

[0019] A plug welding plate assembly structure for the bow section of an aluminum-magnesium alloy hull includes a plug welding plate, which is fixed to the bow section of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull using the aforementioned plug welding plate assembly process.

[0020] The welding process for the bow plug plate of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull in this application involves dividing a large bow plug plate into two smaller plug plates according to the position of the bow ribs. First, one set of small plug plates is installed and welded symmetrically from bow to stern (inner and outer sides). Then, the other set of small plug plates is installed and welded in the same manner. This can effectively reduce the bending deformation of the bow hull and the upward warping deformation of the midships, and avoid the need for multiple cuts of the weld for welding correction.

[0021] Compared with the existing technology of welding all the plug plates after installation, the welding process of this application can reduce repeated welding construction, make it easier to meet process requirements, and has the characteristics of convenient operation, low welding cost and less damage to raw materials. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the welding sequence and direction of the root pass welding plate for the bow section of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 M-direction diagram in the diagram;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the N-direction;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the secondary welding sequence and direction of the aluminum-magnesium alloy bow plug welding plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the X-axis in the diagram;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the Y-axis in the diagram;

[0029] in:

[0030] 10 - First welding plate; 20 - Second welding plate; a, d - Vertical weld seam to be welded; b - Top weld seam to be welded; c - Bottom weld seam to be welded; A - Vertical weld seam; B - Top weld seam; C - Bottom weld seam. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0032] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0033] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] To address the problem that existing welding methods for the bow plug-in plates of aluminum-magnesium alloy hulls are prone to causing bow hull bending deformation and midship hull deflection and upward warping, this invention provides a welding process and structure for the bow plug-in plates of aluminum-magnesium alloy hulls.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a welding process for the bow plug welding plate of an aluminum-magnesium alloy hull, including the following steps:

[0036] S1: Based on the outer shape of the bow rib and the midship hull shape, the bow plug welding plate is divided into several first plug welding plates 10 and several second plug welding plates 20.

[0037] S2: Install a plurality of first plug welding plates 10 symmetrically at intervals from stern to bow on both sides of the bow of the hull, and weld a plurality of first plug welding plates 10 symmetrically on both sides of the bow of the hull from stern to bow in sequence;

[0038] S3: Install several second plug welding plates 20 symmetrically at intervals from stern to bow on both sides of the bow of the hull, and weld several second plug welding plates 20 symmetrically on both sides of the bow of the hull from stern to bow in sequence.

[0039] The welding process for the bow plug weld plates of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull in this application, combined with the outer profile of the bow ribs and the midship hull profile, involves cutting the entire plug weld plate into multiple smaller plug weld plates according to the spacing between adjacent ribs, resulting in several first plug weld plates 10 and several second plug weld plates 20. Specifically, in this embodiment, there are 14 first plug weld plates 10 and 14 second first plug weld plates 20, with 7 on each side. Then, according to the arrangement of the bow plug weld plates, the first plug weld plates 10 are installed from stern to bow with a skip-and-go interval. The first plug welding plate 10 is installed symmetrically on both sides (inner and outer), and then welded symmetrically on both sides (inner and outer). The first plug welding plate 10 is welded to the bow of the hull sequentially from stern to bow. After the first plug welding plate 10 is welded, the second plug welding plate 20 is installed symmetrically on both sides (inner and outer) to cover the bow of the hull. The second plug welding plate 20 is also installed symmetrically on both sides (inner and outer), and welded symmetrically on both sides (inner and outer). The second plug welding plate 20 is welded to the bow of the hull sequentially from stern to bow, thus completing the installation and welding of the plug welding plates at the bow of the hull.

[0040] The aluminum-magnesium alloy bow plug welding plate assembly process of this application adopts a grouped, skip-interval assembly method, which can make the welding shrinkage of each plug welding plate as uniform as possible. Compared with the traditional method of installing all plug welding plates and then welding them uniformly, it can effectively reduce the bending deformation of the bow hull and the upward warping deformation of the midship hull. This avoids the phenomenon of repeatedly cutting the weld seam for welding correction, causing the plate to become brittle and affecting the structural strength of the bow hull. As a result, the aluminum-magnesium alloy bow plug welding plate assembly process of this application has the characteristics of convenient operation, low welding cost, and minimal damage to raw materials.

[0041] In this embodiment, in order to further control the welding shrinkage of the plug welding plate, when welding the first plug welding plate 10, the vertical weld seam a near the stern is welded first, then the top weld seam b near the deck is welded, then the bottom weld seam c near the bottom of the ship is welded, and finally the vertical weld seam d near the bow is welded.

[0042] To prevent the molten metal from flowing downwards during welding, the welding direction for vertical weld seam a and vertical weld seam d is from bottom to top, while the welding direction for top weld seam b and bottom weld seam c is from stern to bow.

[0043] Since the longer the weld seam formed by a single welding workpiece, the greater the temperature difference between the workpiece before and after welding, and the greater the deformation of the workpiece, for vertical weld seam a and vertical weld seam d, when their length exceeds 600mm, it is necessary to adopt segmented welding from top to bottom, and in the welding process of each segment, the welding direction is from bottom to top.

[0044] Specifically, taking the vertical weld seam a near the bow as an example, it is divided into sections a1, a2 and a3 from top to bottom. When welding, section a1 is welded first, then section a2, and finally section a3. When welding section a1, the welding direction is from bottom to top as shown in the figure. Similarly, when welding sections a2 and a3, the welding direction is still from bottom to top.

[0045] The installation and welding process of the 14 first plug welding plates 10 in this embodiment will be described again below:

[0046] First, 14 first plug welding plates 10 are symmetrically installed on the inner and outer sides of the bow of the hull, with the first plug welding plates 10 installed alternately from stern to bow on the inner and outer sides. Then, the first plug welding plates 10 are symmetrically welded on the inner and outer sides from stern to bow. Specifically, the two first plug welding plates 10 closest to the stern are symmetrically welded first on the inner and outer sides. After welding, the two adjacent first plug welding plates 10 are symmetrically welded. Finally, the two first plug welding plates 10 closest to the bow are symmetrically welded, completing the welding of the 14 first plug welding plates 10.

[0047] In this embodiment, the installation and welding method of the second plug welding plate 20 is the same as that of the first plug welding plate 10, and will not be described again here.

[0048] In this embodiment, to ensure the continuity and aesthetics of the weld, the welding process for the plug weld plate on the bow of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull further includes the following steps:

[0049] S4: Perform symmetrical secondary welding on the plug weld plates on both sides of the bow of the hull. First, perform symmetrical secondary welding on the vertical weld A from stern to bow. Then, perform symmetrical secondary welding on the top surface weld B from stern to bow. Finally, perform symmetrical secondary welding on the bottom surface weld C from stern to bow. Among them, the vertical weld A is formed by welding the vertical weld a and the vertical weld d to be welded. The top surface weld B is formed by welding the top surface weld b to be welded. The bottom surface weld C is formed by welding the bottom surface weld c to be welded.

[0050] The symmetrical secondary welding in this embodiment is symmetrical with respect to both sides of the bow of the hull. The secondary welding is relative to the welding of the first plug welding plate 10 and the second plug welding plate 20. Correspondingly, the welding of the first plug welding plate 10 and the second plug welding plate 20 can be called the root pass welding.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figures 4 to 6As shown, after the first plug welding plate 10 and the second plug welding plate 20 are welded together to form a complete plug welding plate, secondary welding is required to ensure the continuity and aesthetics of the vertical weld A, the top surface weld B, and the bottom surface weld C. First, the vertical weld A on the inner and outer sides is welded symmetrically. Since the vertical weld A consists of multiple welds arranged alternately from stern to bow, the secondary welding is also performed sequentially from stern to bow, with the welding direction still from bottom to top. At this time, segmented welding is no longer performed. Then, the two top surface welds B on the inner and outer sides are welded symmetrically, with the welding direction from stern to bow. Finally, the two bottom surface welds C on the inner and outer sides are welded symmetrically, with the welding direction from stern to bow, completing the secondary welding of all welds.

[0052] In this embodiment, when welding the first plug welding plate 10 or the second plug welding plate 20, if the thickness of the plug welding plate exceeds 10mm, multi-layer welds are required. In this case, the current of the welding gun needs to be controlled during the welding process so that the interpass temperature of the weld is controlled between 220-300℃. In this way, while ensuring the welding effect, the amount of welding deformation can be reduced to the maximum extent.

[0053] To further reduce welding deformation, after welding one layer of weld, the interpass temperature should be lowered to 60°C or below before welding the next layer of weld. The start and end points of each layer of weld should be staggered by at least 100mm.

[0054] Furthermore, measurements must be taken simultaneously during welding to control deformation to the greatest extent possible. Specifically, to ensure the straightness of the center keel meets design requirements, the appearance and straightness of the center keel must be measured upon completion of the first plug weld plate 10 installation. During the welding of the first plug weld plate 10, the weld shrinkage and straightness of the center keel after each weld seam of each plug weld plate must be measured. Inconsistent weld shrinkage will result in uneven straightness of the center keel, necessitating adjustments to the welding sequence of the inner and outer hull weld seams. For example, if the center keel deviates outwards, the inner hull first plug weld plate 10 can be welded first; conversely, the outer hull first plug weld plate 10 should be welded first. If the center keel is not deviated, the inner and outer hull welds should be symmetrical. Similarly, for the second plug weld plate 10, its appearance and straightness must also be measured upon completion of installation. During welding, the weld shrinkage and straightness of the center keel after each weld seam of each plug weld plate must also be measured, and the welding sequence adjusted in real time.

[0055] This embodiment also provides a plug-in welding structure for the bow section of an aluminum-magnesium alloy hull, including a plug-in welding plate, wherein the plug-in welding plate is fixed to the bow section of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull using the plug-in welding process described in any of the above-mentioned technical solutions. The above-mentioned welding process can improve the structural strength of the bow section of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull and increase the ship's ability to withstand wave impacts during navigation.

[0056] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0057] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding process for the bow plug plate of an aluminum-magnesium alloy ship hull, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Based on the outer shape of the bow rib and the midship hull shape, the bow weld plate is divided into several first weld plates and several second weld plates. S2: Install a number of the first plug welding plates symmetrically at intervals from stern to bow on both sides of the bow of the hull, and weld a number of the first plug welding plates symmetrically on both sides of the bow of the hull from stern to bow in sequence; S3: Install several second plug welding plates symmetrically at intervals from stern to bow on both sides of the bow of the hull, and weld several second plug welding plates symmetrically on both sides of the bow of the hull from stern to bow in sequence; In step S2, when welding the first plug welding plate, the vertical weld seam near the stern is welded first, then the top weld seam near the deck is welded, then the bottom weld seam near the bottom of the ship is welded, and finally the vertical weld seam near the bow is welded.

2. The welding process for the bow plug plate of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding direction of the vertical seam to be welded is from bottom to top, and the welding direction of the top seam to be welded and the bottom seam to be welded is from stern to bow.

3. The welding process for the bow plug plate of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the length of the vertical weld seam exceeds 600mm, segmented welding is adopted from top to bottom, and the welding direction is from bottom to top during the welding process of each segment.

4. The welding process for the bow plug plate of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull according to claim 3, characterized in that: The welding method of the second plug welding plate is the same as that of the first plug welding plate.

5. The welding process for the bow plug plate of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes the following steps: S4: Perform symmetrical secondary welding on the plug weld plates on both sides of the bow of the hull. First, perform symmetrical secondary welding on the vertical welds from stern to bow. Then, perform symmetrical secondary welding on the top surface welds from stern to bow. Finally, perform symmetrical secondary welding on the bottom surface welds from stern to bow. The vertical welds are formed by welding the vertical welds to be welded. The top surface welds are formed by welding the top surface welds to be welded. The bottom surface welds are formed by welding the bottom surface welds to be welded.

6. The welding process for the bow plug plate of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, the secondary welding direction of the vertical weld is from bottom to top, and the secondary welding direction of the top weld and the bottom weld is from stern to bow.

7. The welding process for the bow plug plate of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the thickness of the plug welding plate exceeds 10mm, multi-layer welds are used, and the interpass temperature during the welding process is controlled between 220-300°C.

8. The welding process for the bow plug plate of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull according to claim 7, characterized in that: After welding one layer of weld, the next layer of weld should be welded only when the interpass temperature drops to 60°C or below. The start and end points of each layer of weld should be staggered by at least 100mm.

9. A plug-in welding structure for the bow section of an aluminum-magnesium alloy ship hull, comprising a plug-in welding plate, characterized in that: The plug welding plate is fixed to the bow of the aluminum-magnesium alloy hull using the plug welding process described in any one of claims 1-8.

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