Method for operating a ground milling machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a ground milling machine (10), in particular a road milling machine, a road mixer, a regenerating machine, an open-cast mining machine or the like, which has a replaceable milling drum (16) which is equipped with a plurality of milling tools, in particular round-shank chisels, which has a current state, a control unit (15) is provided for controlling at least one function of the ground milling machine (10), and the milling drum (16) has characteristic features (16.4) or characteristic features (16.4) are assigned to the milling drum (16). According to the invention, it is provided that at least one data set (16.2) which contains information about the current state of the milling drum (16) is stored in a storage unit (16.1), characteristic features which identify the milling drum (16) are assigned to the data set (16.2) in the storage unit (16.1), and this data set (16.2) is transmitted to a processing device (30).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a method for operating a ground milling machine, in particular a road milling machine, a road mixer, a regenerating machine, an open-cast mining machine or the like, having a replaceable milling drum, wherein the milling drum is equipped with a plurality of milling tools, in particular round-shank chisels, wherein the milling drum has a current state, wherein a control unit is set up for controlling at least one function of the ground milling machine, and wherein the milling drum has a characteristic feature or a characteristic feature is assigned to the milling drum. BACKGROUND

[0002] A road milling machine having a milling drum is known from DE 10 2016 113 251. The milling drum is equipped with a characteristic feature. This characteristic feature can be read using a suitable reader. The characteristic feature is evaluated in the control unit, whereupon the road milling machine recognizes which type of milling drum it is. Different types of milling drum are designed for performing different work tasks. So-called fine milling drums are used for removing the upper part of the surface layer of a road paving by milling. In particular, slight irregularities on the road surface can be removed. The surface layer thus produced can be immediately opened for road traffic. Another type of milling drum is used for removing the complete road surface. In addition, special milling drum types are designed for different work tasks, for example with regard to the work width, the milling depth or the milling texture required.

[0003] After the road milling machine has automatically recognized the type of milling drum on the basis of the characteristic feature of the milling drum, the control unit can preset a suitable machine parameter set. This machine parameter set can be used to operate the road milling machine in a suitable manner.

[0004] DE 10 2015 111 249 A1 discloses a road milling machine in which preset machine parameters, material properties of the base material to be milled and work data can be input. Using a characteristic diagram, suitable target machine parameters can be calculated from these default values. The target machine parameters can be displayed to the machine operator, who can then decide whether to set these target machine parameters at the milling machine. Alternatively, the target machine parameters can be automatically transmitted to the control unit for controlling the road milling machine.

[0005] The documents EP 2 716 816 A1 and EP 3 260 603 A1 disclose a road milling machine having a sensor system. The sensor system can be used to record the volume milled by the road milling machine.

[0006] Finally, road milling machines having detection devices are known. These detection devices can be used to automatically determine the wear of the milling tools.

[0007] The above-mentioned milling machine facilitates the completion of the upcoming milling task for the machine operator. After the milling task has been completed, the milling machine is transported to the next work site, where the type of milling drum installed can be used to complete the set requirements.

[0008] If the milling drum is in a partially worn state, it can continue to be used. If the milling tool is completely worn, it must be replaced. After the replacement, the milling machine can continue to be operated at the construction site. SUMMARY

[0009] The invention solves the problem of providing a method for operating a ground milling machine, which can be used to optimize the planning and execution of an upcoming milling task.

[0010] The problem is solved by storing at least one data set containing information about the current state of the milling drum in a storage unit, assigning a characteristic feature identifying the milling drum to the data set in the storage unit, and transferring the data set to a processing device.

[0011] According to the invention, the state of the milling drum is stored. This state can be detected directly, for example, by measuring the milling drum. For this purpose, for example, optical measuring methods can be used, for example, which measure the milling tool using a laser scanner and compare the results with measurements of the milling drum in the unworn state.

[0012] However, it is preferred that the state is determined indirectly, for example, using work data and / or material properties of the material removed and / or set machine parameters recorded or taken into account during the tool insertion of the milling tool.

[0013] The material parameters in the invention can be the abrasiveness and / or hardness and / or material type (for example, asphalt or concrete) and / or material composition and / or temperature and / or layer structure of the surface to be removed.

[0014] The current state can also be entered manually. In particular, it can be envisaged that the initial state is set manually and then updated automatically during operation.

[0015] For example, it can be specified that existing milling drum chisels are replaced with new or partially worn chisels. The operator of the ground milling machine can then enter the current state of these chisels manually and set the initial state in this way manually. During operation, this state is updated automatically, as described above.

[0016] Work data are, in particular, data that have already been recorded or will be recorded during the operation of the milling drum, for example, the milled surface, the milled volume and / or the milling quality of the removed material and / or the milling duration.

[0017] The machine parameters that are settable in the present application are machine parameters that are set or have been set to a certain or variable value during the operation of the milling drum, such as the milling depth, the feed rate, the milling drum speed, the motor power delivered to the milling drum and / or the torque delivered to the milling drum. One or more of these machine parameters can be part of a set of machine parameters.

[0018] The current state of the milling drum can comprise and / or include one or more of the following wear components:

[0019] - the wear of one or more picks;

[0020] - the wear of one or more pick holders;

[0021] - the wear of one or more base parts, each of which holds a pick holder and is connected to the surface of the milling drum:

[0022] - the wear at the milling drum rotor;

[0023] - the wear at the flighter.

[0024] The current state of the milling drum can be determined by one of the above-mentioned wear components alone and stored in the data set.

[0025] However, as mentioned above, in the present application the current state of the milling drum can also be characterized by an array that includes at least two of the above-mentioned wear components and these are taken into account in the data set.

[0026] If a plurality of wear components are taken into account in the data set, it can be particularly envisaged that, depending on the type of the milling drum, one wear type can dominate and be evaluated accordingly in the data set, or a combination of wear types is taken into account and / or only the most severe component of wear is to be taken into account.

[0027] The current state of the milling drum can also be taken into account as at least one key indicator in the data set, wherein the key indicator contains information about, for example, the remaining useful life of the milling drum or can be derived therefrom. It can also be envisaged that the key indicator indicates the remaining grinding capacity.

[0028] The key indicator can represent the current state of the milling drum and in this way allow conclusions to be drawn about the work results that can be achieved with the milling drum and / or the work outputs that can still be achieved by the milling drum.

[0029] The current state of the milling drum can also comprise a qualitative assessment. In particular, it can be indicated accordingly whether the milling drum is still substantially usable. The qualitative classification can also take into account the efficiency of the milling drum in completing a milling task or the quality of the work result that can be produced by the milling drum, for example in the form of a percentage. It is also conceivable to take a large number of key indicators for individual milling drum components into account in the data set.

[0030] The individual key indicators and / or the qualitative assessment can also be derived from the overall consideration of the large number of key indicators as an "overall wear state".

[0031] After the state of the milling drum has been detected, a data set according to the application is formed which reflects the current state of the milling drum. In a storage unit, the data set is associated with the characteristic features of the individual milling drum. In other words, the characteristic features are a unique identifier of the individual milling drum. The data set can then be transmitted to a processing device. For this purpose, the processing device can be arranged, for example, on the surface milling machine. It is also conceivable for the processing device to be spatially separated from the surface milling machine. For example, it is conceivable for the processing device to be in at least temporary wired or wireless communication with the surface milling machine.

[0032] An additional processing device can also be provided.

[0033] The additional processing device and the processing device can be combined into a joint unit, or it can be provided, preferably, that the processing device and the additional processing device are spatially separated from one another.

[0034] The data set can be evaluated in the additional processing device. Using the characteristic features of the milling drum, which can be used to uniquely identify the milling drum and from which the type of milling drum is derived, a calculation unit determines whether the milling drum as a whole is suitable for an upcoming milling task. It can then be determined in the additional processing device whether the milling drum that is suitable as a whole meets certain requirements, wherein the current state is derived from the data set.

[0035] Within the scope of the application, the milling drum that is actually best suited for the upcoming task can also be selected in the additional processing device from a pool of milling drums that are suitable as a whole for performing the upcoming milling task according to their type of milling drum.

[0036] The suitability of the milling drums can be determined by taking into account the current state of the milling drums of the pool. As a criterion, for example, it can be specified, for example, using the additional processing device, to filter out the individual best-suited milling drum from the pool, which can be used to perform the upcoming task most quickly, most efficiently or most cost-effectively.

[0037] The current state of the milling drums can be classified according to predefined criteria. The user or the additional processing device can then determine whether the milling drums meet the set requirements for the predetermined milling assignment task.

[0038] It is also conceivable that, upon request by an operator, the further processing device determines whether the milling drum in question is sufficiently suitable for the milling task to be carried out.

[0039] If a plurality of data sets of different milling drums are stored in the storage device, the further processing device can inform the user upon request which milling drum is suitable for a predetermined milling assignment task.

[0040] In the further processing device, it is possible to determine, for example, the availability, the quality of the work result produced by the available milling drum and / or the efficiency of the milling drum. These parameters can in particular be derived from the stored data sets containing the current state of the milling drum.

[0041] If the quality of the milling drum is evaluated, the further processing device can be used, for example, to determine which milling texture quality can be produced using the milling drum in question. For example, a quality rating can be assigned to the milling drum in question or to the milling drums in the pool on the basis of the data sets, or it can be determined whether the required milling texture quality can be produced using the milling drum.

[0042] If the efficiency of the milling drum is determined, the further processing device determines on the basis of the current state in which the milling drum exists which machine parameters are required to operate the milling drum as intended. For example, it can be determined which driving power and / or which driving torque must be applied for the intended use to achieve the desired work result. Relatedly, it can be determined the consumable consumption (e.g. fuel consumption and / or coolant consumption) for the intended use.

[0043] In determining the availability (functionality) of the milling drum, the data sets can be used to determine whether the milling drum is still essentially usable for the intended or predetermined use.

[0044] The operation of the ground working machine is subject to requirements, for example, to comply with economic or time specifications. One or more work data can also be specified to comply with these specifications. As already mentioned above, the work data are in particular data that have already been recorded or are to be recorded during the operation of the milling drum, for example the milling area, the milling volume and / or the milling quality of the material removed and / or the milling duration. In the present case, the work data can also include, for example, a predetermined change to the material to be worked, for example the milling path, the milling power, the milling work and / or the milling work time.

[0045] For example, the mass or milled volume of the material to be removed can be specified as the milling work. This can result in the milling path and milling depth required. The work per time can be specified as the milling power, for example the mass to be processed per time, the volume of material to be processed per time or the surface or distance to be processed per time. The work time can comprise the point in time at which a given work has to be completed. It can also indicate the suitable timing for changing the ground working tool, such as at the end of a shift or at a planned downtime of the ground milling machine.

[0046] The characteristic feature according to the invention can in particular be a personalized marking applied to the milling drum at a suitable location, for example a bar code, a sequence of numbers or letters. The characteristic feature can also be an identifier present in or on an optically or electrically readable element, such as an active or passive transponder, for example an RFID transponder or the like.

[0047] In the simplest case, the machine operator detects the characteristic feature of the milling drum manually.

[0048] Alternatively, a reader can preferably be provided to read the characteristic feature of the milling drum. The reader can be part of the ground milling machine or can be connected to the ground milling machine by a wired or wireless line to transmit data.

[0049] It is conceivable that the reader is part of a separate computing unit which is designed to make wireless contact with the control unit of the ground milling machine. The separate computing unit can then be used to uniquely and wirelessly identify the milling drum. The separate computing unit can comprise a storage unit in which the characteristic feature of the milling drum is associated with a data set containing information about the milling drum. The data set can then be transmitted to the processing device.

[0050] Preferably, a storage unit can be arranged on the milling drum, on which the characteristic feature and a data set containing current state information of the milling drum are associated. For example, the storage unit can be an electronically readable and writable medium. In this case, the characteristic feature and / or the data set can be retrieved using a suitable reader, for example when the milling drum is changed, and transmitted directly to the processing device.

[0051] Alternatively, the storage unit is designed separately from the milling drum. Thus, after detecting the characteristic feature on the milling drum, for example this can be done manually, a data set assigned to this characteristic feature and containing current state information of the milling drum has to be transmitted from the storage unit to the processing device. For this purpose, it can be provided, for example, that the storage unit is designed as a database in which the characteristic features and the data sets are associated. Once the characteristic feature of the milling drum has been detected, the assigned data set containing current state information of the milling drum can be determined and transmitted to the processing device.

[0052] Hence, before the milling task is started, the processing device stores a data set of the current state of the milling drum. If subsequently the milling task is performed, the milling tool is subject to wear. The state of the milling drum changes accordingly compared to the initial state. During or after the milling task is completed, the state change of the milling drum caused by the milling task can then be evaluated or determined. The processing device then generates a new data set from the originally stored data set of the milling drum and the state change that occurred during the milling task, which then reflects the current state of the milling drum. This new data set thus represents an updated data set that takes into account the last performed milling task. It thus represents the state of the milling drum after the milling task has been performed.

[0053] Hence, for example, each milling task can be regarded as a single wear event. Before the milling task is performed, the resulting change in the state of the milling drum is combined in a calculation with the state of the milling drum to determine the current state of the milling drum.

[0054] However, it is also conceivable that the ground milling machine continuously determines the change in the state of the milling drum during the completion of the milling task and generates a data set containing information on the current state of the milling drum at the end of the milling task. This variant takes into account that the tool, which is subject to increasing wear during the course of the job, influences the machine parameters and the tool wear.

[0055] Preferably, the new data set containing information on the current state of the milling drum is transmitted back to the storage device.

[0056] After the completion of the milling job, the (new) data set containing information on the current state of the milling drum is available in the processing device. This new data set is then preferably transmitted to the storage device and associated with the characteristic feature of the milling drum.

[0057] Alternatively, the data set containing information on the current state of the milling drum can also be transmitted to the storage unit at regular time intervals during the milling operation and stored in association with the characteristic feature of the milling drum.

[0058] If the storage unit is located on the milling drum and is designed in particular as an electronically readable and writable medium, the new data set can be transmitted to the storage unit on the milling drum at the end of the milling task.

[0059] During the milling operation, the milling drum identified by the characteristic feature is assigned to the ground milling machine. After the completion of the milling task, the milling data from the ground milling machine can be forwarded to a separate calculation unit in order to determine the data set. Only after the completion of the milling job, a new data set containing information on the current state of the milling drum can then be generated on the basis of the milling machine data of the ground milling machine. This is then also transmitted to the storage unit and associated with the characteristic feature of the milling drum.

[0060] It is also conceivable to provide a further processing device on a separate computing unit. For example, upon request by the user, the separate computing unit can then evaluate whether the milling drum identified by the separate computing unit is suitable for the milling task to be carried out. The result can then be transmitted from the separate computing unit to the operator.

[0061] For example, a machine operator of a construction site can have a large number of milling drums available to him. The machine operator now asks whether one of the milling drums is suitable for the milling task to be carried out. The separate computing unit determines the milling drums available on site and then provides the operator with feedback on the milling drum suitable for the milling task to be carried out. The machine operator can then select the suitable milling drum and install it in the floor milling machine.

[0062] In order to determine the characteristic feature, it can be provided that the milling drum has an active transmission element that transmits the characteristic feature and / or the data set to the reader. In this way, the storage location of the milling drum can be detected, for example, by the separate computing unit or another reader. For example, it can then be determined whether a particular milling drum is at the construction site or within the workshop.

[0063] It can be provided here that the milling drum has a position transmitter which is designed to transmit a position signal, preferably at regular time intervals or continuously, and that the milling drum transmits the characteristic feature and / or the data set together with the position signal wirelessly, wherein the position transmitter is preferably a GPS transmitter.

[0064] It is also conceivable that the milling drum has a passive reading element and that the reader reads it out to record the characteristic feature and / or the data set. The operator can then use a suitable reader to check whether the various milling drums available to him are suitable for a particular milling task.

[0065] In this case, it is conceivable that the active transmission element is an active RFID or that the passive reading element is a passive RFID or a readable code, in particular a barcode, a QR code, etc.

[0066] As mentioned above, it can be provided within the scope of the application that the storage unit in which the data set is stored is part of the milling drum or part of the separate computing unit.

[0067] It is conceivable to store the data set in a suitable storage unit of the milling drum. The data set can then be transmitted using a suitable reader to a processing device, which can preferably be provided at the floor milling machine. However, it is also conceivable to transmit the data set from the separate computing unit to a processing device, which is preferably provided at the floor milling machine. This would significantly simplify the procedure.

[0068] It is particularly preferred in the context of the application that milling data, in particular milling duration, milled material volume and / or milled surface, are recorded during a milling operation of the surface milling machine, and that these milling data or a calculated combination thereof are combined with the data set in the processing device as an additional data set, and that a new data set is generated therefrom which characterizes a new current state of the milling drum. In this way, the state of the milling drum is updated and tracked. It can be provided that the additional data set is combined with the data set continuously during the milling operation or at certain time intervals. In this way, the state of the milling drum can be tracked at different points in time.

[0069] It is also conceivable that the additional data set is combined with the data set after the milling operation. Thus, after completion of the milling task, a new data set can be generated and stored in the storage unit which provides information on the current state of the milling drum.

[0070] It can be provided within the scope of the application that at least one of the following information is obtained as milling data during a milling operation of the surface milling machine and taken into account when generating the new data set:

[0071] - milling duration,

[0072] - milled material volume,

[0073] - milled surface,

[0074] - milling depth,

[0075] - average milling depth,

[0076] - load distribution,

[0077] - average load distribution,

[0078] - mechanical load on the milling drum during at least a portion of the milling duration,

[0079] - average load on the milling drum during at least a portion of the milling duration,

[0080] - load on the milling tool,

[0081] - average load on the milling tool,

[0082] - number of overload events (e.g. an overload event occurs when the milling drum hits a hard object in the milled material, such as a metal part or a manhole cover),

[0083] - information on the type of milled material (the type of milled material can be, for example, concrete or asphalt),

[0084] - information on the temperature of the milled material and / or the ambient temperature,

[0085] - Information on milling with or without milling material (with material loaded, the milling material is removed directly from the working area of ​​the milling drum and removed using a transport device, such as a circular conveyor belt; during milling operations, when unloaded, the milling material remains on the road surface behind the milling drum; when milling without material, the milling tools and milling drum are in contact with the milling material for a longer period, resulting in greater wear).

[0086] - The feed and / or drive power transmitted to the drive motor of the milling drum.

[0087] -The average feed and / or average drive power transmitted to the drive motor of the milling drum.

[0088] -Speed ​​of the milling drum.

[0089] According to the present invention, new datasets may be specified to be transmitted to a milling drum, a ground milling machine, and / or a separate computing unit.

[0090] Particularly preferably, within the scope of the invention, it may be specified that at least one preset machine parameter and / or at least one material characteristic value and / or working data of the material to be milled is recorded by an input unit preferably provided at a ground milling machine, and an additional processing device is designed to determine from at least one preset machine parameter and / or at least one material characteristic value and / or working data whether the milling drum is suitable for the upcoming milling task.

[0091] By specifying working data, additional processing equipment can determine whether the milling drum is generally suitable for performing the required task. For example, working data can specify that the milling drum is for fine milling tasks, complete removal of the driveway surface, or partial removal of the driveway surface. To appropriately select working data, further evaluation can be conducted, taking the dataset into account, to determine whether the generally suitable milling drum is also suitable for use in concrete to accomplish a specific task. For example, working data can be used to specify that the milling drum must mill a certain volume of material at a specified milling depth.

[0092] According to the present invention, the operator can be specified to select the operation mode through the input unit.

[0093] For example, different working data can be combined in a work mode. The work mode can be used by the operator to specify, for example, how the ground milling machine should efficiently complete a set milling task. For example, the work mode can be used to select that the ground milling machine uses as small an amount as possible of one or more operating media (e.g. fuel, coolant) (economy mode). According to another work mode, it can be specified that the ground milling machine operates with as low a wear of the milling tools as possible to complete a set milling task. According to another work mode, for example, it can be specified that a set milling task is completed in a time-optimized manner, for example as quickly as possible.

[0094] The further processing device considers the selected mode and the data set to determine whether a set milling task can be completed using a certain milling drum. In addition or alternatively, it can be specified that, depending on the selected operating mode and taking into account the data set, the control unit of the ground milling machine appropriately sets or suggests to the operator machine parameters for operating the ground milling machine that match the selected operating mode.

[0095] In addition to the characteristic features, it can be specified that at least one determined feature of the milling drum and / or the milling tools is used. The determined feature can be stored, for example, in a storage unit or can be associated to the characteristic features as part of the data set. One or more determined features can be selected from the following list:

[0096] - information on the availability of the milling drum,

[0097] - information on the type of the milling drum,

[0098] - information on the number of cutters installed on the milling drum,

[0099] - information on the type of the cutter holder with which the milling cutters are installed,

[0100] - information on the row spacing of the milling cutters on the milling drum.

[0101] In designing the data set containing the current state information of the milling drum, it can be specified that the data set contains at least one variable feature of the milling drum and / or the milling tools, the variable feature being selected from the following list:

[0102] - information on the wear state of at least one milling tool,

[0103] - information on the wear state of the cutter holder with which at least one milling tool is installed,

[0104] - information on the wear state of the ejector installed on the milling drum (ejectors are components installed on the milling drum for ejecting the material milled by the milling tools from the working area of the milling drum, which are subject to wear and have to be replaced when they reach their maximum wear state),

[0105] - information on the wear state of the milling drum rotor of the milling drum (the milling tools are mounted directly or indirectly on the milling drum rotor, which is subject to continuous wear, reducing the thickness of the milling drum rotor, which has to be replaced when the drum rotor reaches a minimum thickness),

[0106] - information on the residual milling capacity of at least one milling tool,

[0107] - information on the residual milling capacity of at least one chisel holder mounted with at least one milling tool,

[0108] - information on the residual milling capacity of a screed mounted on the milling drum,

[0109] - information on the residual milling capacity of the milling drum rotor of the milling drum,

[0110] - information on the failure probability of the milling drum,

[0111] - information on the milling texture quality that can be generated using the milling drum,

[0112] - information on the efficiency of the milling drum.

[0113] The problem of the present application is also solved using a milling device having a ground milling machine, in particular a road milling machine, a road mixer, a regenerating machine, an open-cast mining machine or the like, having a replaceable milling drum, wherein the milling drum is equipped with a plurality of milling tools, wherein the milling drum has a current state, wherein a control unit is provided for controlling at least one function of the ground milling machine, wherein the milling drum has characteristic features. According to the present application it is provided that at least one data set is stored in a storage unit, which data set contains information on the current state of the milling drum, that the characteristic features identifying the milling drum are assigned to the data set in the storage unit, and that the data set or a calculated combination containing the data set is transmitted to a processing device.

[0114] For example, the external computing unit or the computing unit of the surface miller, computer or such computer system described in the present patent application can comprise at least one processor, one computer readable storage medium, one database, one input unit, and one output unit (not shown). The input unit can be a keyboard or other user interface and allows an operator to input instructions. The output unit can be designed as a display or another visual or audible display. The processor can be implemented as a single controller comprising all the described functions or a plurality of controllers can be provided on which the described functions are distributed. As used herein, computer readable storage medium refers to any form of non-volatile storage medium that contains a computer program product in the form of software, computer instructions or program modules that can be executed by a processor. When executed, these can provide data or otherwise cause the computer system to execute instructions or operate in a specific manner as defined herein. It can further be provided that more than one type of storage medium is used in combination to route the software, computer instructions or program modules that are initially stored in a first storage medium from which they have software, computer instructions or program modules executable by a processor to a microprocessor for execution. Storage medium as used herein can be a transmission medium or a data storage medium, but does not constitute a limitation thereto. The data storage medium can likewise be volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable. These can be in the form of dynamic memory, ASICs (application specific integrated circuits), memory chips, optical or magnetic memory (CD), flash memory or any other medium suitable for storing data in a form suitable for a processor. Unless otherwise stated, they can be located on a single computer platform or distributed across a plurality of such platforms.

[0115] The transmission medium can include any tangible medium that is suitable for software, computer instructions or program modules to be read and executed by the processor. Cables, wires, fiber optics or known wireless media can be used without limitation for this purpose. In another embodiment, the processor can be specified or required not to represent or need a computer system. It can be implemented within a machine or otherwise configured independently, such as in a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed or programmed to perform or execute the described functions. The general purpose processor can be a microprocessor or alternatively a microcontroller, a state machine, or a combination thereof. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such combination. Depending on the embodiment, certain acts, sequences, or functions described in relation to the controller can be performed in a different order, combined, or omitted (e.g., if the described functionality is not required). Furthermore, in certain embodiments, acts, operations, or functions can be performed concurrently, e.g., through multi-threaded processing, interrupt processing, or via multiple processors or processor cores or any other parallel architecture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0116] The application is explained below in more detail based on exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. In the drawings:

[0117] Figure 1 A schematic and side view of a road milling machine is shown;

[0118] Figure 2 A schematic and side view of a road mixer is shown;

[0119] Figures 3 to 9 Different operating states of a road milling machine are shown;

[0120] Figures 10 to 17 Various operating conditions of another embodiment of a road milling machine are shown; and

[0121] Figure 18 A flow chart for determining a suitable milling drum for a milling task is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0122] Figure 1A schematic and side view of a ground milling machine 10 shown as a road milling machine. The machine frame 12 is supported in a height-adjustable manner by a traveling unit 11, for example a caterpillar, via four lifting columns 13. Based on a control station 14, the ground milling machine 10 can be operated via a controller 20 arranged in the control station 14. A milling drum 16 is rotatably mounted in a roller housing 18, which is obscured from view and shown in the illustration in dashed lines. A conveyor 17 is used to remove the milled material.

[0123] In use, the machine frame 12 moves over the ground at a feed rate input via the controller 20 to perform a job. Milling tools, in particular chisels, in particular round shank chisels, arranged on the rotating milling drum 16 remove the base material.

[0124] The controller 20 can be used to adjust the vertical position and speed of the milling drum 16. The milling depth is set via the vertical position of the milling drum 16. Depending on the machine type, the vertical position of the milling drum 16 can be adjusted using height-adjustable lifting columns 13 or other suitable means. Alternatively, the height of the milling drum 16 can be adjusted relative to the machine frame 12, such as in the ground milling machine 10 shown in Figure 2 , which is designed as a road mixer.

[0125] Figure 2 A schematic and side view of a second ground milling machine 10 shown as a road mixer. The second ground milling machine 10 moves by a traveling unit designed as front and rear wheels. The front and rear wheels are attached to the machine frame 12 by front and rear lifting columns 13, enabling an adjustment of the working height of the machine frame 12 and thus of the roller housing 18. The control station 14 is mounted at the machine frame 12. A motor 12.1 arranged inside the machine frame 12 drives the milling drum 16 via a drive unit 12.2. The milling drum 16 itself is mounted in a roller housing 18, which has a front roller wing 18.1 and a rear roller wing 18.2 assigned to it. Both roller wings 18.1, 18.2 are designed to be adjustable via an attached hydraulic system. A hydraulic height adjuster 19 can be used to adjust the height of the milling drum 16 along an adjustment path 19.1 indicated by double arrows. For this purpose, a rotatably mounted deflection lever 19.3 and an adjustment lever 19.4 arranged thereon transmit the movement of a hydraulic cylinder 19.2 to the milling drum 16. The height adjuster can be used to adjust the milling depth.

[0126] Figure 3 A further simplified representation of a ground milling machine 10, for example of the type shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2 .

[0127] The surface milling machine 10 has a machine frame 12 to which four travel units 11, for example caterpillar tracks, are coupled via four lifting columns 13. In the area between the front and rear travel units 11, a milling drum 16 can be interchangeably mounted in, for example, a roller housing 18.

[0128] The surface milling machine 10 has a control unit 15. A part of this control unit 15 can be or can comprise the processing device 30. The processing device 30 can also be provided as a separate unit, preferably at the surface milling machine 10.

[0129] In the present application, the processing device 30 can also comprise or form a further processing device.

[0130] Alternatively, the processing device 30 and / or the further processing device can be arranged separately from the surface milling machine 10.

[0131] As Figure 3 is shown, the milling drum 16 is stored separately from the surface milling machine 10. The milling drum 16 has a milling drum rotor. The milling tools can be interchangeably mounted directly or indirectly to the surface of the milling drum rotor. For example, it is conceivable to use a chisel holder to connect the milling tools indirectly or directly to the surface of the milling drum rotor. It is further conceivable that the milling tools can be interchangeably mounted in the chisel holder and that the chisel holder can be interchangeably connected to a base portion. The base portion is connected, for example welded, to the surface of the milling drum rotor.

[0132] For example, the milling drum 16 can have a position transmitter 16.3. This position transmitter 16.3 can be, for example, a GPS module which transmits a position signal, for example at regular time intervals or continuously.

[0133] The milling drum 16 is equipped with a characteristic feature 16.4. For example, it can be contained in a storage unit 16.1. Thus, the characteristic feature 16.4 can be a readable code stored in the storage unit 16.1. It is also conceivable that the characteristic feature 16.4 is formed by a series of letters and / or numbers, a bar code, or a QR code or any other readable code.

[0134] The characteristic feature 16.4 can comprise or be associated to information about a unique identifier of the milling drum 16 and / or information about the type of the milling drum and / or information about the type of the chisel holder and / or information about the number of milling tools mounted on the milling drum 16 and / or information about the row spacing of the chisels arranged linearly on the milling drum 16. In this respect, the characteristic feature 16.4 is a determining feature of the milling drum 16.

[0135] As mentioned above, the milling drum 16 can be installed with the ground milling machine 10. A reader can be used to read out the characteristic feature 16.4. In the present exemplary embodiment, the storage unit 16.1 is an RFID transponder in which the characteristic feature 16.4 is stored. An RFID reader can be used to read the characteristic feature from the RFID transponder. The reader can be part of the ground milling machine 10 or the reader can be a separate device, for example a handheld device, by means of which the characteristic feature 16.4 is read at the milling drum 16.

[0136] Figure 4 It is shown that a data set 16.2 is stored in the storage unit 16.1. This data set 16.2 contains information about the current state of the milling drum 16. Thus, the data set 16.2 can contain information that at least one milling tool and / or the milling drum 16 is in an un-worn state or that at least one milling tool or the milling drum 16 is partially worn. In this way, this information can comprise a specification about the actual quantitative wear and / or information about the actual quantitative remaining milling capacity of the at least one milling tool and / or the milling drum 16.

[0137] Additionally or alternatively, information providing an indication of the wear state and / or the remaining milling capacity of the at least one cutter holder, the at least one base portion, the at least one top cleaner mounted on the milling drum, and / or the milling drum rotor can be encoded in the data set 16.2. Thus, these are variable features of the milling drum 16.

[0138] Additionally or alternatively, information about an expected milling texture quality can be encoded in the data set, wherein the encoding provides an indication of whether a certain milling texture quality can be milled with the current milling drum 16 or which milling texture quality can be milled with the current milling drum 16. It is conceivable that the expected milling texture quality is encoded based on the variable characteristics of the milling drum 16. Alternatively, a specification about the expected milling texture quality can also be generated in a separate computing unit, in which the variable characteristics are fed and which evaluates the variable characteristics.

[0139] Additionally or alternatively, the data set 16.2 can also comprise information about the efficiency and / or availability of the milling drum 16. It is conceivable that the expected efficiency or availability is encoded based on the variable characteristics of the milling drum 16. Alternatively, a specification about the expected efficiency or availability can also be generated in a separate computing unit 40, in which the variable characteristics are routed and which evaluates the variable characteristics.

[0140] Furthermore, the data set 16.2 can also comprise information about determined features of the milling drum, such as the type of the milling drum, the number of cutters mounted on the milling drum, the type of the cutter holder in which the milling cutters are mounted, and / or the row spacing of the milling cutters on the milling drum.

[0141] Figure 5 One or more memories provided in the processing device 30 are shown. There can be a memory 31 for the determined features, a memory 32 for the variable features, and a memory 33 for the calculated and combined features. Of course, the memories 31, 32, 33 can form a joint memory. The memory 33 for the calculated and combined features contains the calculated features formed by the calculation of one or more determined features and / or the calculation of one or more variable features.

[0142] Thus, one or more determined features, one or more variable features and / or one or more calculated and combined features of the milling drum 16 can be stored in the processing device 30.

[0143] Figure 6 The milling drum 16 is shown mounted in the roller housing 18 of the ground milling machine 10. Before the milling drum 16 is mounted or at the time of mounting the milling drum 16, the storage unit 16.1 is read out.

[0144] Any information about the milling drum saved in the storage unit forms a data set 16.2, which contains information about the current state of the milling drum 16. This data set 16.2 is transferred to the processing device 30. Thus, the determined features are stored in the determined feature memory 31 and the variable features are stored in the variable feature memory 32. The calculation unit selects from the one or more determined features and the one or more variable features the features to be calculated and combined. The calculated and combined features are stored in the memory 33 for the calculated and combined features.

[0145] According to Figure 6 and Figure 7 the ground milling machine 10 can be transferred into a milling operation. During the milling operation or after the milling operation one or more relevant operating variables of the ground milling machine 10 are determined. Suitable transducers, for example sensors, record for example the operating duration of the ground milling machine, the volume of milled material, the average or detailed milling depth, the average or detailed mechanical load, for example the engine power or the drive torque, the average or detailed feed, the average or detailed force / load on the milling pick, and / or the number of overload events.

[0146] Additionally or alternatively, the type of milled material, for example asphalt or concrete, can also be recorded as a relevant operating variable, and / or it can be recorded whether the milling took place with removal of the milled material, and / or information about the number of milling drum changes can be recorded.

[0147] The change in wear of the milling drum 16 or of a part of the milling drum 16 is calculated in the calculation unit according to the relevant operating variables and provided as an additional data set. A new data set is created in the calculation unit taking into account the data set 16.2 and the additional data set. This new data set is stored in the storage unit 16.1, as shown in Figure 8 The new data set then forms the data set 16.2, which provides information about the current state of the milling drum 16.

[0148] Figure 8 It is further shown that the milling drum 16 can be removed after the milling process has been completed.

[0149] According to Figure 9 , the removed milling drum 16 now contains the data set 16.2 and can be reused. For example, the memories 31, 32, 33 in the processing device 30 can now be erased and / or the data contained therein can be used elsewhere.

[0150] Figures 10 to 17 A further variant of an embodiment of the application is shown. As shown in these images, a separate calculation unit 40 is provided. This separate calculation unit 40 has a connection to a wireless network, for example a telephone line or the Internet. In addition, a receiving circuit can be assigned to the calculation unit 40 or this calculation unit 40 can comprise a receiving circuit which is suitable for receiving and evaluating signals emitted by the position transmitter 16.3 to locate the position of the milling drum. For example, it can be a GPS receiver.

[0151] Figure 10 It is further illustrated that a connection to the surface milling machine 10 can be established via a telephone line or via the Internet.

[0152] It is conceivable that the surface milling machine 10 also has a GPS transmitter, the signals of which can be received and evaluated by the calculation unit 40 to locate the position of the surface milling machine 10.

[0153] The milling drum 16 is likewise similar in structure to the milling drum 16 according to the exemplary embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 9 . Reference can therefore be made to the above explanations. The milling drum 16 also has a storage unit 16.1. At least one characteristic feature 16.4 of the milling drum 16 is likewise stored in readable form in the storage unit 16.1.

[0154] Figure 10 It is shown that the calculation unit 40 can use the position transmitter 16.3 to detect the position of the milling drum 16. The signals emitted by the milling drum 16 can also be used to transmit the characteristic feature 16.4 of the milling drum 16 to the calculation unit 40. This information can be modulated onto the signals transmitted by the position transmitter 16.3.

[0155] The computing unit 40 has a memory. The memory stores a data set 16.2 which contains information about the current state of the milling drum 16 and is associated to the characteristic feature 16.4.

[0156] Figure 11 It is shown that the milling drum 16 can likewise be assembled with the ground milling machine 10. According to Figures 1 to 9 exemplary embodiments, the characteristic feature 16.4 of the milling drum 16 can be detected before or after the milling drum 16 is installed.

[0157] For example, as Figure 12 shown, the characteristic feature 16.4 is transferred, for example manually, from the storage unit 16.1 to the processing device 30 and stored in the memory 31 for determining the feature.

[0158] Figure 14 It is shown that the ground milling machine 10 sends information to the computing unit 40 via a data line. In this case, the computing unit 40 is informed that a milling drum 16 with a characteristic feature 16.4 has been installed or is to be installed at the ground milling machine 10.

[0159] At this point, both the separate computing unit 40 and the ground milling machine 10 know that a specific milling drum 16 with a characteristic feature 16.4 is installed at the ground milling machine 10. The data set 16.2 stored in the computing unit 40 and associated to the characteristic feature 16.4 can now be transferred to the processing device 30 of the ground milling machine 10 and stored in the memory 31 and / or 32. Thus, the variable features and / or the calculated and combined features contained in the data set 16.2 are transferred to the processing device 30.

[0160] According to Figure 15 , the ground milling machine 10 is set in the milling mode. According to Figure 7 and the explanations given above, one or more relevant operating variables are recorded during the milling operation.

[0161] From the one or more relevant operating variables, an additional data set is generated, which is recorded continuously or at intervals or at the end of the milling task. According to Figures 1 to 9 exemplary embodiments, a new data set is generated from the data set 16.2 and the additional data set. This new data set then forms the data set 16.2 which contains information about the current state of the milling drum 16.

[0162] In Figures 10 to 17In the exemplary embodiment shown, the new data set is generated in the surface mill 10. However, this is not mandatory. Rather, it is also conceivable that the surface mill 10 transmits the additional data set to the computing unit 40. Since the data set 16.2 is also present in the computing unit 40, it is also possible to generate the new data set in the computing unit 40 and store it there and / or retransmit it to the surface mill 10.

[0163] Figure 16 It is further shown that after completion of the milling task, the milling drum 16 can be removed and stored separately, as Figure 17 shown.

[0164] Figure 17 It is further shown that at least one of the memories 31 to 33 can be erased upon completion of the milling task.

[0165] Figure 18 A further development of the application is shown, which can be used in a surface mill 10 according to the application.

[0166] Figure 18 A flow chart is shown. In the flow chart various blocks 50.1 to 50.12 are shown.

[0167] According to block 50.1, it is asked whether one or more preset machine parameters are to be taken into account by the machine operator. If the machine operator wishes to input default machine parameters, such as desired feed, desired milling drum speed, desired milling depth, desired drive power of the milling drum 16, and / or desired drive torque of the milling drum 16, these can be input, for example, using the control unit 15 at the control station 14.

[0168] According to block 50.2, it is asked whether one or more material parameters of the material to be milled are to be taken into account by the machine operator. If the machine operator wishes to input one or more material parameters, the machine operator can do so, for example, using the control unit 15 at the control station 14.

[0169] According to block 50.3, it is asked whether one or more preset machine parameters are to be taken into account by the machine operator. If the machine operator wishes to input one or more work data, the machine operator can do so, for example, using the control unit 15 at the control station 14.

[0170] It is conceivable that not all of the query blocks 50.1 to 50.3 are provided, but only one or two of the blocks 50.1 to 50.3. The order of the blocks 50.1 to 50.3 can also be changed.

[0171] According to block 50.4, the computing unit of the surface mill 10 determines the type of milling drum that is generally required for the upcoming milling task.

[0172] Block 50.5 determines, e.g. using a further processing device, whether a milling drum 16 of the suitable milling drum type is present in the pool of actually present milling drums 16.

[0173] Taking into account the data set 16.2 of the individual milling drums 16 actually present in the pool and taking into account the suitable milling drum type, it is then determined, e.g. based on a further processing device, whether a milling drum 16 is present in the pool which is actually suitable for the upcoming milling task (block 50.6).

[0174] In block 50.7, the operator is shown the actually suitable milling drum 16 from the pool, which / which can be identified, e.g. by specifying the characteristic feature 16.4.

[0175] Block 50.8 shows the actually suitable and selected milling drum 16 connected to the ground milling machine 10.

[0176] Block 50.9 shows that milling data of the ground milling machine 10 are acquired during or after the milling operation and from which a new actual current state of the milling drum is determined. Additionally or alternatively, a setting can be made according to block 50.10 to determine the actual current state of the milling drum 16 by means of a detection device, e.g. a laser scanner or a camera. In block 50.11, a new (updated) data set 16.2 is generated according to 50.12 and stored, e.g. in the computing unit 40 and / or in the storage unit 16.1 of the milling drum 16.

Claims

1. A method for operating a ground milling machine (10), the ground milling machine (10) being a road milling machine, or a road mixing machine, or a recycling machine, or an open-pit mining machine, the ground milling machine (10) having a replaceable milling drum (16), wherein the milling drum (16) is equipped with a plurality of milling tools, the milling tools being round shank chisels, wherein the milling drum has a current state, wherein a control unit (15) is configured to control at least one function of the ground milling machine (10), and wherein the milling drum (16) has a characteristic feature (16.4) or a characteristic feature (16.4) is assigned to the milling drum (16); Its features are: At least one dataset (16.2) is stored in the storage unit (16.1), the at least one dataset (16.2) containing information about the current state of the milling drum (16), the characteristic features (16.4) of the milling drum (16) are identified and assigned to the dataset (16.2) in the storage unit (16.1), and the dataset (16.2) is transmitted to the processing device (30). During or after the completion of the milling task, the new current state of the milling drum (16) produced by the milling task is evaluated or determined, and then a new dataset (16.2) is generated that takes into account the new current state of the milling drum (16), and the new dataset (16.2) is transferred to the storage unit (16.1) and / or storage device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The milling drum (16) has an active transmission element that transmits characteristic features (16.4) and / or dataset (16.2) to a reader, or the milling drum (16) has a passive reading element that the reader is used to detect characteristic features (16.4) and / or dataset (16.2).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The milling drum (16) has a position transmitter (16.3) designed to transmit a position signal, and the milling drum (16) wirelessly transmits characteristic features (16.4) and / or datasets (16.2) along with the position signal.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The storage unit (16.1) that stores the dataset (16.2) is part of the milling drum (16) or a separate computing unit (40).

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, During the milling operation of the ground milling machine (10), milling data is recorded, and these milling data or the calculated combination of these milling data are combined with the dataset (16.2) as an additional dataset, thereby generating a new dataset containing the current state of the milling drum (16).

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, During the milling operation of the ground milling machine (10), at least one of the following information is acquired as milling data and taken into account when generating a new dataset: - Milling duration - The volume of material after milling - Milled surface, - Milling depth - Average milling depth -Load distribution, -Average load distribution - Mechanical load on the milling drum (16) for at least a portion of the milling duration, -The average load on the milling drum (16) during at least a portion of the milling duration. - Load on the milling tool - Average load on milling tools - The number of overload events -Information on the type of milled material -Information on performing milling with or without milling material loaded. -The feed and / or drive power transmitted to the drive motor of the milling drum (16), - Average feed and / or average drive power transmitted to the drive motor of the milling drum (16).

7. The method of claim 5, wherein, The new dataset is transmitted to the milling drum (16), the ground milling machine (10), and / or the local computing unit (40).

8. The method of claim 5, wherein, The new dataset is stored as a dataset (16.2) in storage unit (16.1), which contains information about the current wear status of the milling drum (16).

9. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, Additional processing devices are provided, and additional processing devices are designed in consideration of the dataset (16.2) to determine whether the milling drum (16) is suitable for the upcoming milling task.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The input unit detects at least one preset machine parameter and / or at least one material property value and / or working data of the material to be milled, and an additional processing device is designed to determine from at least one preset machine parameter and / or at least one material property value and / or working data whether the milling drum (16) is suitable for the upcoming milling task.

11. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, A dataset (16.2) of multiple milling drums (16) is stored in a storage unit (16.1) and / or a storage device.

12. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, Operators select the work mode via the input unit.

13. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, Multiple datasets (16.2) of different milling drums (16) are stored in storage unit (16.1) and / or storage device, and in an additional processing device, it is determined which one or more milling drums (16) are suitable for a predetermined milling assignment task.

14. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, At least one defined feature of the milling drum and / or milling tool is used and stored in a storage unit or associated with a feature feature as part of the dataset, wherein one or more defined features can be selected from the following: -Information on the type of milling drum - Information on the wear condition of a chisel holder, in which at least one milling tool is mounted. -Information on the number of chisels mounted on the milling drum (16), -Information on the row spacing of the milling chisels on the milling drum (16).

15. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The dataset (16.2) contains at least one variable feature of the milling drum (16) and / or the milling tool, said variable feature being selected from: - Information on the wear condition of at least one milling tool, - Information on the wear condition of a chisel holder, in which at least one milling tool is mounted. -Information on the wear condition of the ejector mounted on the milling drum (16), Information on the wear condition of the milling drum rotor of the milling drum (16), - Information on the remaining wear capacity of at least one milling tool, - Information on the remaining wear capacity of at least one chisel holder, in which at least one milling tool is mounted. -Information on the remaining wear capacity of the ejector mounted on the milling drum (16), Information on the remaining wear capacity of the milling drum rotor of the milling drum (16), Information on the failure probability of the milling drum (16), -Information on the quality of milling textures generated using the milling drum (16) Information on the efficiency of the milling drum (16), - information on the availability of the milling drum (16).

16. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The current state of the milling drum (16) comprises and / or contains one or more of the following wear components: - the wear of one or more cutters, - the wear of one or more cutter holders, - the wear of one or more base parts, each base part holding a cutter holder and being connected to the milling drum surface, - the wear at the milling drum rotor, - the wear at the material ejector.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The current state of the milling drum (16) comprises an array which comprises at least two wear components considered in the data set (16.2).

18. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The current state of the milling drum (16) comprises at least one characteristic number which is considered in the data set (16.2) and / or which indicates the remaining milling capacity of the milling drum (16).

19. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The current state of the milling drum (16) comprises at least one quantitative assessment of the milling drum (16) which is considered in the data set (16.2).

20. The method of claim 3, wherein, The position transmitter (16.3) is designed to transmit the position signal at regular time intervals or constantly.

21. The method of claim 3, wherein, The position transmitter is a GPS transmitter.

22. The method of claim 10, wherein, The input unit can be arranged on the ground milling machine (10).

23. The method of claim 13, wherein, The further processing device is designed to inform the user which milling drum (16) or which milling drums (16) are suitable for a predetermined milling assignment task upon request.

24. The method of claim 18, wherein, The characteristic number contains information on the remaining service life of the milling drum (16).

25. The method of claim 18, wherein, The characteristic number is derived from the remaining service life of the milling drum (16).

26. A milling device with a ground milling machine (10) having replaceable milling drums (16), wherein the milling drums (16) are equipped with a plurality of milling tools, wherein the milling drums have a current state, wherein a control unit (15) is provided for controlling at least one function of the ground milling machine (10), and wherein the milling drums (16) have characteristic features (16.4); characterized in that at least one data set (16.2) is stored in a storage unit (16.1), which data set (16.2) contains information on the current wear state of the milling drum (16), the characteristic features (16.4) identifying the milling drum (16) are assigned to the data set (16.2) in the storage unit (16.1), and the data set (16.2) or a calculated combination of the data sets (16.2) is transmitted to a processing device (30), the milling device is able to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 25.

27. Milling device according to claim 26, characterized in that The ground milling machine (10) is a road milling machine, or a road mixer, or a regenerating machine, or a surface miner.

Images