A high-performance small ion liquid antenna

Abstract

The application relates to a high-performance small ion liquid antenna, which comprises a floor, a resonator arranged on the floor and a radiator arranged on the top of the resonator; the resonator and the radiator are both in a cylindrical structure and are internally communicated to form a containing cavity; ion liquid is arranged in the containing cavity to serve as a radiation source of the liquid antenna; the resonator is in a cylindrical structure or a hollow and inverted circular truncated cone structure; the radiator is multiple, and the multiple radiators are vertically stacked and distributed; the radiator is in an inverted circular truncated cone structure; further comprising a reflector; the reflector is in a cylindrical structure arranged on the floor, and the reflector is arranged outside the resonator and the radiator; further comprising a reflecting film; the reflecting film is arranged on the inner wall of the reflector to reflect electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator. The application can expand the bandwidth of the antenna in a high frequency band, enhance the radiation performance, and is stable in dielectric performance, large in liquid working range, easy to install and integrate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication antennas, in particular to a high-performance small ionic liquid antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the improvement of the development level of science and technology, the traditional metal antenna has been gradually replaced by the dielectric resonant antenna. The material of the existing dielectric resonant antenna is mainly water. The water antenna mainly uses pure water, salt water (sea water), tap water, etc. as the material, and has the advantages of low cost, reconfigurability, easy acquisition, miniaturization and green environmental protection.

[0003] However, with the development of wireless communication, the performance requirements of the antenna device are getting higher and higher. The water antenna has unavoidable problems in practical application:

[0004] 1) The dielectric constant of water is about 78 at normal temperature, and its dielectric performance is very sensitive to frequency change, that is, the dielectric loss is above 3G, and will rapidly increase with the increase of frequency, thereby causing the radiation loss of the antenna to increase sharply when working at high frequency, and reducing the performance of the antenna;

[0005] 2) The high dielectric constant of water will result in a narrow bandwidth, which cannot meet the demand of wide frequency band and large data capacity transmission;

[0006] 3) The liquid working range of water is small. When the temperature of the environment is lower than 0℃ or higher than 100℃, the liquid material of the liquid antenna will change into solid or gas, and will show completely different dielectric performance from the liquid state;

[0007] 4) Most of the current water antennas are hybrid antennas using metal and water liquid, which cannot achieve complete demetallization and are not easy to install and integrate. SUMMARY

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-performance small ionic liquid antenna to solve the above technical problems, which can expand the bandwidth of the antenna at high frequency, enhance the radiation performance, and has stable dielectric performance, large liquid working range and easy installation and integration.

[0009] A high-performance small ionic liquid antenna, comprising: a ground plate, a resonator arranged on the ground plate, and a radiator arranged on the top of the resonator.

[0010] The resonator and the radiator are both cylindrical structures and are connected to form a containing cavity; the containing cavity is provided with ionic liquid as a radiation source of the liquid antenna.

[0011] In one embodiment, the resonator is a cylindrical structure or a hollow and inverted circular truncated cone structure.

[0012] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0013] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are inverted frustoconical structures.

[0014] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0015] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0016] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0017] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0018] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0019] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0020] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0021] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0022] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0023] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiators are vertically stacked.

[0024] The high-performance small ion liquid antenna has a structure in which the resonator and the radiator are superposed, can generate multiple medium resonance mode superposition (low-order mode, high-order mode, mixed mode, etc.), enhance the radiation characteristics of the antenna, and further improve the impedance matching of the antenna, greatly widen the working frequency band of the antenna under the condition of the same size, greatly reduce the size of the antenna under the condition of the same working frequency band, and meet the requirements of practical applications; and the organic ion liquid with stable dielectric performance is used as the radiation material, the excellent dielectric performance of the ion liquid in the high frequency band is fully utilized, the dielectric loss of the antenna is still low with the increase of the frequency, the gain of the antenna can be further improved, the antenna can stably work and maintain high radiation efficiency, the requirements of the liquid antenna in a complex wireless communication system can be met; the liquid antenna can realize the effects of wide frequency band, high gain and high transparency at 12.7GHz-17.1GHz, has the characteristics of stable dielectric performance, large liquid working range, simple structure, small size, high radiation efficiency, flexible structure, strong reconfigurability, high light transmittance, low cost, easy acquisition and green environmental protection, is suitable for complex communication environment, has wide engineering application prospect, and can be widely applied to the fields of new antennas, base station antennas, reconfigurable antennas and Internet of Things. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a high-performance small ion liquid antenna in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a high-performance small ion liquid antenna in an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a front view of a high-performance small ion liquid antenna in an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a top view of a high-performance small ion liquid antenna in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the S11 curve of a high-performance small ion liquid antenna in an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is an E-plane radiation pattern of a high-performance small ion liquid antenna in an embodiment at 12.7GHz;

[0031] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is an E-plane radiation pattern of a high-performance small ion liquid antenna in an embodiment at 13.5GHz;

[0032] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is an E-plane radiation pattern of a high-performance small ion liquid antenna in an embodiment at 14.5GHz;

[0033] Figure 9 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of a high-performance miniature ion liquid antenna at 15 GHz in one embodiment.

[0034] Figure 10 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of a high-performance miniature ion liquid antenna at 16 GHz in one embodiment.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a radiation pattern of a high-performance miniature ion liquid antenna in the E-plane at 17 GHz, as shown in one embodiment.

[0036] Attachment Number:

[0037] 1. Floor, 2. Resonator, 3. Radiator, 4. Ionic liquid, 5. Reflector, 6. Conductive film, 7. Coaxial inner conductor, 8. Coaxial outer conductor, 9. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0040] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this application, "multiple sets" means at least two sets, such as two sets, three sets, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixed", and the like should be understood broadly, for example, "fixed" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, or physical connection, or wireless communication connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

[0043] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present application provides a high-performance small ion liquid antenna, in one embodiment, comprising: a floor 1, a resonator 2 provided on the floor 1, and a radiator 3 provided on the top of the resonator 2.

[0044] The resonator 2 and the radiator 3 are both cylindrical structures, and are connected internally to form a containing chamber; the containing chamber is provided with an ion liquid 4 as a radiation source of the liquid antenna.

[0045] In this embodiment, the floor 1 serves as a support floor.

[0046] The present application does not limit the size, shape and material of the floor 1, which can be set according to actual conditions. Preferably, the floor 1 is a square resin plate.

[0047] The present application does not limit the specific shape of the resonator 2 and the radiator 3, which can be set according to actual conditions, for example: cylindrical structure, prism structure, inverted circular cone structure or inverted prism structure, etc.

[0048] The present application does not limit the number of radiators 3, which can be set according to actual conditions, for example: one, two or even more.

[0049] Preferably, the resonator 2 is a cylindrical structure, the radiator 3 has multiple and is an inverted circular cone structure, and the multiple radiators 3 are vertically stacked.

[0050] In this embodiment, the ion liquid 4 is trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methyl dicyanamide, ethyl acetate, acetone, acetonitrile or oil.

[0051] Preferably, the ionic liquid 4 is selected from trihexyl tetradecylphosphonium chloride (i.e. TPC), which has a liquid working range of -69.8°C-350°C, a relative dielectric constant of about 3.1 at room temperature, an electrical conductivity of about 0.00025 S / m, and a loss tangent of about 0.001, and is almost non-conductive, and is an ideal material for generating dielectric resonance. The liquid working range is large, and the adaptability to the environment is strong. Moreover, as the frequency increases, the dielectric loss is almost unaffected, and remains at a low value.

[0052] In the embodiment, the coaxial feed structure is further provided, and the inner conductor 8 of the coaxial feed structure extends into the ionic liquid 4 after passing through the floor 1, and the outer conductor 9 of the coaxial feed structure is connected to the floor 1.

[0053] The floor 1 is provided with a through hole at a central position, so that the inner conductor 8 of the coaxial feed structure extends into the ionic liquid 4 after passing through the through hole.

[0054] It should be noted that the modes of dielectric resonance are essentially formed by the limitation and reflection of electromagnetic waves in the dielectric wall when the electromagnetic waves propagate in the dielectric, and each electromagnetic field distribution is called a mode. According to the electromagnetic boundary conditions, the specific solution of the mode can be obtained by using the Bessel function, which defines the first zero point as the lowest mode (called the fundamental mode), and the other zero points are relatively defined as high-order modes.

[0055] In the present application, the antenna can generate a superposition of multiple dielectric resonance modes, including low-order modes, high-order modes, and mixed modes. The low-order modes are generated by the fundamental mode, which refers to TEmn or TMmn modes (where m and n are small values, such as TE01, TE11, TM01, etc.), the high-order modes are generated by high-order modes, which refer to TEmn or TMmn modes (where m and n are large values, such as TE31, TM51, etc.), and the mixed modes refer to HEMmnδ modes, which are not pure TE or TM modes, that is, there are both electric field components and magnetic field components in the propagation direction.

[0056] In the present application, the multiple dielectric superposition is equivalent to the superposition of multiple dielectric resonators, each dielectric resonator generates different electromagnetic modes, and each mode corresponds to a different resonant frequency band. By adjusting the structure of the dielectric resonator (in the present application, the superposition of the resonator and the radiator) and the size of each dielectric resonator, the resonant frequency bands generated by different dielectric resonators can be mixed and overlapped in a certain frequency range, so that the impedance matching of the antenna can be improved, and a wider frequency band can be achieved.

[0057] The high-performance small ion liquid antenna has a structure in which the resonator and the radiator are superposed, can generate multiple medium resonance mode superposition (low-order mode, high-order mode, mixed mode, etc. are excited in the resonator and the radiator), enhance the radiation characteristics of the antenna, and further improve the impedance matching of the antenna, greatly widen the working frequency band of the antenna under the condition of the same size, greatly reduce the size of the antenna under the condition of the same working frequency band, and meet the requirements of practical applications; and the organic ion liquid with stable dielectric performance is used as the radiation material, the excellent dielectric performance of the ion liquid in the high frequency band is fully utilized, the dielectric loss of the antenna is still low with the increase of the frequency, the gain of the antenna can be further improved, the antenna can stably work and maintain high radiation efficiency, the requirements of the liquid antenna in a complex wireless communication system can be met; the liquid antenna can realize the effects of wide frequency band, high gain, and high transparency at 12.7GHz-17.1GHz, has the characteristics of stable dielectric performance, large liquid working range, simple structure, small size, high radiation efficiency, flexible structure, strong reconfigurability, high light transmittance, low cost, easy acquisition, and green environmental protection, is suitable for complex communication environments, has wide engineering application prospects, and can be widely applied to the fields of new antennas, base station antennas, reconfigurable antennas, and Internet of Things.

[0058] Preferably, the antenna further comprises a reflector 5 and a reflecting film 6; the reflector 5 is a cylindrical structure arranged on the floor 1, and the reflector 5 surrounds the outside of the resonator 2 and the radiator 3; and the reflecting film 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the reflector 5 and used for reflecting the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator.

[0059] The arrangement of the reflector 5 can greatly concentrate the antenna radiation beam and make the directivity stronger, and can greatly improve the radiation gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna without increasing the size of the antenna structure; the reflecting film can be a transparent TCF (transparent conductive film) and can be equivalent to an ideal conductor to reflect electromagnetic waves.

[0060] The application does not limit the shape of the reflector 5, which can be arranged according to actual conditions, as long as the cross section of the reflector has a gradually increasing trend from bottom to top.

[0061] Preferably, the reflector 5 is an inverted prism structure. The reflector with the prism structure has opposite inclined surfaces, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator can be reflected on the reflecting film on the surface of the reflector and converge at the center of the antenna after reflection, further improving the gain of the antenna radiation.

[0062] Further preferably, the reflector 5 is an inverted quadrangular prism structure, which is convenient to process and has better reflection performance.

[0063] The working process of the embodiment is: electromagnetic waves are transmitted into the ionic liquid through the coaxial outer conductor and the coaxial inner conductor, radiated into the atmosphere through the ionic liquid, transmitted along the radiator to the reflector, and then emitted after reflection on the reflecting film on the surface of the reflector.

[0064] In one embodiment, the conductive film 7 is further included; the conductive film 7 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the floor 1 for reflecting electromagnetic waves.

[0065] In the embodiment, the coaxial inner conductor 8 of the coaxial feed structure extends into the ionic liquid 4 after passing through the conductive film 7 and the floor 1.

[0066] In the embodiment, the conductive film 7 can be a transparent TCF, and the surface resistance thereof is in the range of 5-20Ω / sq. The size of the square resistance is inversely proportional to the size of the conductivity, which affects the effect of the floor on reflecting electromagnetic waves. The smaller the square resistance of the transparent conductive film, the more approximate the transparent conductive film is to replace the metal to play the role of the reflecting floor, so that the floor can be used as a supporting floor and a reflecting floor at the same time. Therefore, in actual situations, a conductive film with smaller surface resistance (i.e., square resistance) can be selected. The purpose of using the transparent conductive film to replace the metal floor is to replace the ideal conductor, which further improves the transparency of the antenna while improving the gain.

[0067] In one embodiment, the floor 1, the resonator 2, the radiator 3 and the reflector 5 of the liquid antenna are all 3D printed, and the material thereof is selected to be photosensitive resin with a dielectric constant of about 2.8-3.3 at room temperature, which truly realizes the demetallization of the liquid antenna and improves the transparency of the antenna.

[0068] Preferably, in a specific embodiment, the diameter of the resonator is 100 mm, and the height thereof is 15 mm; the two radiators are stacked on the resonator, the diameter of the radiator is 76.7 mm, the height thereof is 17.5 mm, and the inclination angle is 60°; the side length of the reflector is 152 mm, the height thereof is 50 mm, the thickness thereof is 3 mm, and the inclination angle is 23°; the centers of the resonator, the radiator and the reflector are collinear; and the thickness of the transparent conductive film is 12.5-125um.

[0069] In the embodiment, the ionic liquid with excellent and stable dielectric property, small loss and insensitivity to frequency increase is applied in the liquid antenna, so that the liquid antenna can be extended to high frequency band and realize stable and efficient work; the two circular truncated cone-shaped radiators superimposed above the cylindrical resonator can further increase the beam concentration degree of the antenna; under the condition of not increasing the size of the antenna structure, loading a truncated cone-shaped reflector around the resonator and pasting a transparent conductive film on the inner wall of the reflector can greatly improve the gain of the antenna, and in combination with the characteristics of the ionic liquid, the performance of the liquid antenna is optimized; the multiple dielectric modes generated by the ionic liquid and the dielectric container can further improve the impedance matching and realize the characteristics of wideband work; finally, the transparent conductive film with high conductivity is pasted on the lower surface of the square resin bottom plate, so that the square resin bottom plate is equivalent to a metal ideal conductor and plays a role of reflecting electromagnetic waves.

[0070] The electromagnetic software CST is used for simulation analysis and optimization of the liquid antenna, and the structure parameters, S parameters and radiation patterns are researched.

[0071] As shown in the S parameter value curve changing with frequency. Figure 5 It can be known from the figure that the working frequency band of the antenna is 12.7GHz-17.1GHz (-10dB), and the relative bandwidth is 29.3%.

[0072] Figures 6 to 11 The E-plane radiation patterns of the application at different frequency points in the working frequency band are given, and it can be seen from the radiation patterns that the antenna has strong radiation characteristics in the working frequency band. Specifically:

[0073] Figure 6 The E-plane radiation pattern at 12.7GHz is 12.8dBi;

[0074] Figure 7 The E-plane radiation pattern at 13.5GHz is 10.1dBi;

[0075] Figure 8 The E-plane radiation pattern at 14.5GHz is 13.4dBi;

[0076] Figure 9 The E-plane radiation pattern at 15GHz is 14.6dBi;

[0077] Figure 10 The E-plane radiation pattern at 16GHz is 13.2dBi;

[0078] Figure 11 The E-plane radiation pattern at 17GHz is 11.1dBi.

[0079] The liquid antenna of the present application can overcome the shortcomings of the conventional water antenna, such as low radiation efficiency in high frequency band (>6GHz), narrow frequency band, small liquid working range, and low light transmittance, by loading a cylindrical resonator, a circular truncated cone radiator, and a prismatic truncated cone reflector, pasting a transparent conductive film on the bottom of the floor and the inner wall of the reflector, and using the characteristics of low-loss ionic liquid with stable performance, to realize the working characteristics of wide frequency band, high gain, and high transparency of the liquid antenna, and has the advantages of simple and flexible structure, easy installation, green environmental protection, etc., and can be widely applied in the fields of new type antenna, base station antenna, Internet of Things, etc.

[0080] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictions, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0081] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-performance miniature ion liquid antenna, characterized in that, include: A floor, a resonator mounted on the floor, and a radiator mounted on top of the resonator; Both the resonator and the radiator are cylindrical structures, and their interiors are interconnected to form a receiving chamber; The containment chamber is filled with an ionic liquid to serve as a radiation source for the liquid antenna. There are multiple radiators, which are stacked vertically, and each radiator is an inverted frustum structure. The antenna generates the superposition of multiple dielectric resonant modes, exciting low-order modes, high-order modes, and mixed modes in the resonator and radiator; It also includes: a reflector; the reflector is a cylindrical structure disposed on the floor, and the reflector surrounds the outside of the resonator and the radiator; the reflector is an inverted frustum structure; It also includes: a reflective film; the reflective film is disposed on the inner wall of the reflector to reflect the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator.

2. The miniature ion liquid antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonator is a cylindrical structure or a hollow, inverted frustum structure.

3. The miniature ion liquid antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Conductive film; The conductive film is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the floor to reflect electromagnetic waves.

4. The miniature ion liquid antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Coaxial power supply structure; The inner coaxial conductor of the coaxial power supply structure passes through the conductive film and the ground plane and extends into the ionic liquid, while the outer coaxial conductor of the coaxial power supply structure is connected to the ground plane.

5. The miniature ion liquid antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ionic liquid is trihexyltetradecylphosphine chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methyldicyandiamide, ethyl acetate, acetone, acetonitrile, or oil.

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