A test device and test method for equivalent simulation of a pipe segment interforce gasket

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of test device and test method of equivalent simulation of pipe piece interforce liner, device includes support frame, located the bottom of entire device;Pressing clamping mechanism is set on the upper portion of support frame;Two cement block test pieces are arranged side by side on the pressing clamping mechanism, and respectively first cement block test piece and second cement block test piece, two cement block test pieces are provided with two oppositely arranged force transmission liners between adjacent side walls;Hammering vibration mechanism is used to apply hammering vibration from top to bottom to two cement block test pieces;Membrane vibration acceleration sensor is arranged between cement block test piece and force transmission liner;Membrane stress sensor is arranged on the contact surface between two force transmission liners.The application can obtain the damping characteristics of force transmission liner contact while obtaining the contact stiffness, i.e., stress-strain characteristics of force transmission liner, which is beneficial to obtain more accurate shield tunnel vibration calculation results, and is a method for obtaining damping characteristics of numerical calculation software.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to testing methods and apparatus in the field of material property constitutive modeling, and particularly to a test apparatus and method for equivalent simulation of force transmission pads between tube segments. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit construction, the vibration problems caused by its operation have attracted widespread attention. As the mainstream form of underground construction for urban rail transit today, shield tunnels differ from traditional cast-in-place tunnels. Shield tunnels have a large number of joints and contact surfaces between segments, which leads to a significantly different propagation pattern of vibration waves in shield tunnels compared to tunnels constructed using traditional cast-in-place methods.

[0003] The joint between tunnel segments (the contact surface between two segments) typically consists of three parts: "cement-cement", "force transmission liner-force transmission liner", and "sealing strip-sealing strip". Studies on shield tunnel vibration have shown that the contact between shield tunnel segments exhibits significant damping characteristics. However, existing research usually does not consider the contact damping between segments, and current constitutive devices and methods for measuring the contact stiffness of the force transmission liner in shield tunnels can only obtain the contact stiffness of the force transmission liner, not the damping characteristics (stress-strain characteristics). This results in insufficient accuracy in simulating the propagation of vibration in shield tunnels using numerical calculation software. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a testing device capable of simulating the working state of a shield tunnel force transmission liner, and a testing method using this device to obtain the constitutive relationship of the contact between force transmission liners. The testing device and method of this invention can obtain not only the contact stiffness (stress-strain characteristics) of the force transmission liner but also the damping characteristics of the contact, overcoming the problem that existing devices and technologies cannot accurately obtain the contact damping characteristics of shield tunnel force transmission liners. This provides a method for obtaining damping characteristics to more accurately simulate the propagation of vibrations in shield tunnels and related structures in numerical calculation software.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A test apparatus for equivalent simulation of force transmission pads between tunnel segments includes:

[0007] The support frame is located at the very bottom of the entire device;

[0008] A pressure clamping mechanism is provided on the upper part of the support frame;

[0009] Two cement block specimens are arranged side by side on the pressure clamping mechanism. They are the first cement block specimen and the second cement block specimen, respectively. Two force transmission pads are arranged opposite each other between the adjacent side walls of the two cement block specimens.

[0010] A hammering vibration mechanism is used to apply top-down hammering vibration to the two cement block specimens;

[0011] A thin-film vibration acceleration sensor is placed between the cement block specimen and the force transmission pad.

[0012] A thin-film stress sensor is disposed on the contact surface between the two force-transmitting pads.

[0013] The pressure clamping mechanism includes:

[0014] A horizontally arranged screw has two threaded sections with opposite directions of rotation, namely the first threaded section and the second threaded section.

[0015] A first nut sliding joint is installed on the first threaded section, and a first pressure plate is fixedly connected to the first nut sliding joint.

[0016] The second nut sliding joint is installed on the second threaded section, and a second pressure plate is fixedly connected to the second nut sliding joint;

[0017] The bottoms of the two nut sliding pairs are connected to the support frame via a rolling / sliding unit;

[0018] The rotation of the screw causes the two nut moving pairs to move horizontally in opposite directions, which in turn causes the two pressure plates to apply clamping force to the two cement block specimens.

[0019] The screw has turntables connected to both ends.

[0020] The hammer vibration mechanism includes:

[0021] The base has a fixed limiting sleeve on its upper side;

[0022] The hammer gantry (15) has a horizontal beam at the top, a first horizontal sliding groove on the beam, and vertically arranged limiting posts fixedly connected to both ends of the beam. The outer diameter of the limiting post matches the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve post, and the side of the limiting post is provided with limiting holes at equal intervals along the height direction. The limiting post is inserted into the limiting sleeve post to fix the hammer gantry on the limiting sleeve post, and the height of the hammer gantry is adjusted by bolts and limiting holes.

[0023] A hammering component, slidably connected to the first transverse groove of the hammer gantry, is used to hammer the two cement block specimens, including:

[0024] The upper hammer support is slidably disposed in the first transverse groove on the hammer gantry, and the upper hammer support is provided with a vertical groove;

[0025] The upper end of the hammer rod is slidably connected to the vertical groove on the upper hammer bracket via two cylindrical protrusions;

[0026] The lower hammer support is connected to the bottom end of the hammer rod by a thread at its upper end, and the lower hammer support is provided with a second transverse sliding groove.

[0027] The vibratory hammer includes multiple hammers, the upper ends of which are respectively installed in the second transverse groove at the bottom of the lower hammer support and are arranged in a linear array along the second transverse groove. The lower part of the vibratory hammer is a hemispherical protrusion made of flexible material.

[0028] The flexible material is elastic rubber.

[0029] The support frame includes a bottom support column and a sliding rail located on the upper part of the bottom support column. The top of the sliding rail is provided with a first elongated groove arranged along the rail axis.

[0030] The bottom of the movable nut assembly is provided with a second elongated groove arranged along the axis of the sliding track;

[0031] The first elongated groove and the second elongated groove have the same width; the two elongated grooves are arranged symmetrically vertically, and the rolling / sliding unit is arranged between the two elongated grooves.

[0032] The bottom of the sliding track is provided with multiple transverse reinforcing ribs arranged along the width of the track.

[0033] The bottom support column is wrapped with rubber vibration isolation material on its exterior and at both its top and bottom ends.

[0034] This invention further discloses a testing method for a test device based on the equivalent simulation of the force transmission liner between the segments, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Determine the force transmission pad and two cement block specimens to be tested according to scientific research needs or actual engineering conditions. Place the force transmission pad at the corresponding positions of the two cement block specimens respectively, and connect the force transmission pad and the two cement block specimens by grouting and bonding. A certain number of thin film vibration acceleration sensors are attached to the contact surface between the force transmission pad and the cement block specimen, and a certain number of thin film stress sensors are attached to the contact point of the force transmission pad. The number and spacing of the sensors are selected according to the size of the force transmission pad.

[0036] S2. Make the surfaces of the two force transmission pads fit tightly together, and place the cement block specimen as a whole on the clamping arm. Adjust the height of the hammer vibration mechanism, clamp the cement block specimen through the pressure clamping mechanism, observe the stress sensor reading, make the stress sensor reading equal to or close to 0, and record the distance between the two cement block specimens at this time.

[0037] S3. Continue to apply pressure to the cement block specimen through the pressure clamping mechanism, and observe the distance sensor data between the two cement block specimens at any time. For each increase in pressure, record the distance between the cement block specimens and the reading of the stress sensor at this time. Then, use the hammer vibration mechanism to rotate the hammer array direction and hammer the cement block specimen at a certain frequency to form a surface vibration source or a line vibration source. The surface vibration source refers to the straight line connecting the hammer points being parallel to the contact surface of the force transmission pad, and the line vibration source refers to the straight line connecting the hammer points being perpendicular to the contact surface. Observe and record the readings on the thin film vibration acceleration sensors on both sides.

[0038] S4. Repeat step S3 until the two cement block specimens are in contact or the force transmission pad is completely destroyed to complete the field test.

[0039] S5. Based on the previously recorded data, obtain the relationship between the distance between the two cement blocks and the vibration acceleration attenuation amplitude, as well as the stress-strain relationship recorded by the stress sensor. In the numerical calculation software, set up cement block specimens and force transmission pads with the same size and other physical parameters, change the spacing between the cement block specimens, and ensure that the stress and strain are close to the actual test results. Then, apply the same vibration source in the numerical calculation software and continuously adjust the contact damping coefficient of the force transmission pad so that the change amplitude of vibration acceleration before and after the numerical calculation software is the same as the actual test results. Finally, obtain the contact damping coefficient.

[0040] By changing the hammers of different weights on the hammering vibration mechanism, different hammering effects can be obtained, producing different vibration impacts.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0042] 1. The testing device and method described in this invention can simulate the working condition of the force transmission liner. While obtaining the contact stiffness (stress-strain characteristics) of the force transmission liner, it can also obtain the damping characteristics of the contact of the force transmission liner. This overcomes the problem that existing devices and technologies cannot obtain accurate contact damping characteristics of the force transmission liner in shield tunnels. It is beneficial for numerical calculation software to better simulate the contact characteristics of the force transmission liner in shield tunnels and obtain more accurate vibration calculation results of shield tunnels. It can provide a method for obtaining damping characteristics for numerical calculation software to simulate the propagation of vibration in shield tunnels and related structures.

[0043] 2. By setting cover plates at both ends of the pressure application arm and the synchronous movement of the two clamping arms, the force transmission pad is ensured to be uniformly stressed when the cement block specimen is clamped.

[0044] 3. By setting rollers on the sliding track, the resistance when the pressure application arms on both sides move is reduced, so that the cement block specimen is subjected to uniform force.

[0045] 4. By setting up a hammer vibration mechanism, the horizontal and vertical positions of the hammer are adjusted, and the hammer is driven up and down by inputting a reciprocating driving force, thereby causing the vibrating hammer to continuously hammer the cement block specimen. By rotating the linear array direction of the vibrating hammer, different types of vibrations can be generated when the hammer strikes the surface of the cement block, adapting to and simulating different types of vibration sources in engineering. When parallel to the contact surface of the force transmission pad, a surface vibration effect can be produced; when the linear array direction is parallel to the contact surface direction, a line or point vibration effect can be produced.

[0046] 5. The lower part of the vibratory hammer is made into an elastic rubber hemisphere to reduce the wear of the hammer and extend its life. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram and an exploded view of the hammer vibration mechanism in this invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram and exploded view of the support and pressurization structure in this invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is the test specimen to be tested in this invention and its exploded view;

[0051] 1 is the hammer vibration mechanism, 11 is the upper hammer support, 12 is the hammer rod, 13 is the lower hammer support, 14 is the vibrating hammer, 15 is the hammer gantry, 16 is the hammer base, 2 is the working pressure simulation mechanism, 21 is the pressure application arm, 22 is the turntable, 23 is the distance adjustment threaded rod, 24 is the support pulley, 25 is the fish belly-shaped high-strength support frame, 26 is the support column, 3 is the test piece to be tested, 31 is the force transmission pad to be tested, and 32 is the cement block specimen. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. After reading this invention, any modifications of the invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0053] like Figure 1 The image shows a contact constitutive testing device for the sealing strip of a shield tunnel segment, comprising:

[0054] Support column 26 is located at the very bottom of the entire device;

[0055] A fish-belly shaped high-strength support frame 25 is disposed on the upper part of the support column 26 and welded to the support column 26;

[0056] Two cement block specimens 32 to be tested are arranged side by side on the pressure application arm 21. They are the first cement block specimen and the second cement block specimen, respectively. Two force transmission pads 31 are arranged opposite to each other on the adjacent side walls of the two cement block specimens.

[0057] The pressure application arm 21 is used to provide a preload to the force transmission pad 31;

[0058] The hammering vibration mechanism 1 is used to apply a top-down hammering vibration to the two cement block specimens 32;

[0059] A thin-film vibration acceleration sensor is disposed between the cement block specimen 32 and the force transmission pad 31;

[0060] A thin-film stress sensor is disposed on the contact surface between the two force-transmitting pads 31.

[0061] The working pressure simulation mechanism 2 includes:

[0062] The pressure application arm 21 is set on the upper part of the fish belly-shaped high-strength support frame 25 and is slidably connected to the fish belly-shaped high-strength support frame 25 through the support pulley 24;

[0063] A distance adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the two pressure application arms 21;

[0064] The two cement block specimens 32 are sandwiched between the two pressure-applying arms 21.

[0065] The distance adjustment mechanism includes:

[0066] The screw 23 is threadedly connected to the threaded holes of the two pressure applying arms 21, and the internal threads in the threaded holes of the two pressure applying arms 21 are in opposite directions.

[0067] Turntable 22 is disposed on both sides of the pressure applying arm 21 and is fixedly connected to one end of the screw 23 for rotating the screw 23.

[0068] The pressure application arm 21 has a groove at its bottom, and a roller 24 is fixedly installed on the top of the fish belly-shaped high-strength support frame 25 to reduce the friction when the pressure application arm 21 approaches. The groove of the pressure application arm 21 and the roller 24 installed on the top of the fish belly-shaped high-strength support frame 25 are in clearance fit.

[0069] The hammer vibration mechanism 1 includes:

[0070] The base 16 has a fixed limiting sleeve on its upper side;

[0071] The hammer gantry 15 has a horizontal beam at the top, with a horizontal sliding groove on the beam. Vertically positioned limiting posts are fixedly connected to both ends of the beam. The outer diameter of the limiting posts matches the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve posts, and limiting holes are equidistantly arranged on the sides of the limiting posts along the height direction. The limiting posts are inserted into the limiting sleeve posts, fixing the hammer gantry 15 to the limiting sleeve posts. The height of the hammer gantry 15 is adjusted by bolts and limiting holes.

[0072] The hammering component, which is slidably connected to the groove of the hammer gantry 15, is used to hammer the two cement block specimens, including: an upper hammer support 11, which is slidably disposed on the hammer gantry 15;

[0073] The upper end of the hammer rod 12 is slidably connected to the upper hammer bracket 11 via two cylindrical protrusions;

[0074] The lower hammer bracket 13 is connected to the hammer rod 12 by a thread at its upper end and can rotate around the hammer rod 12;

[0075] The vibratory hammer 14 is slidably connected to the lower hammer support at its upper end. The upper part is a cylindrical iron block and the lower part is a hemispherical protrusion, which is an elastic rubber hemisphere.

[0076] This implementation case study presents a contact constitutive testing device and method for the force transmission lining of shield tunnel segments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this specifically refers to a testing device composed of a hammer vibration mechanism 1, a working pressure simulation mechanism 2, a force transmission liner 31, and a cement block specimen 32, which is used to test the contact stiffness and contact damping characteristics between the force transmission liners of a shield tunnel.

[0077] The hammer vibration mechanism 1 consists of an upper hammer support 11, a hammer rod 12, a lower hammer support 13, a vibrating hammer 14, a hammer gantry 15, and a hammer base 16. The upper hammer support 11 and the hammer rod 12 are slidably connected by two cylindrical protrusions. The hammer rod 12 can move up and down along the groove at the connection point in the upper hammer support 11 under external force (electric or manual drive). The lower hammer support 13 is threadedly connected to the hammer rod 12, and the vibrating hammer 14 is slidably connected to the lower hammer support 13. The lower hammer support 13 and the vibrating hammer 14 can move up and down with the hammer rod 12, thereby hammering the cement block specimen 32 to be tested. The vibrating hammer 14 is a cylindrical iron block with a cylindrical groove at the top and a hemispherical protrusion at the bottom. The hemispherical protrusion is made of high-polymer elastic rubber to prevent damage to the cement block specimen 32 when the hammer 14 comes into contact with it. The vibratory hammer 14 can be replaced with hammers of different weights to produce different vibration effects. The vibratory hammers 14 can be arranged in a linear array along the groove below the lower hammer support 13, and the number and spacing can be selected according to the desired vibration effect.

[0078] The working pressure simulation mechanism 2 consists of pressure application arms 21, a turntable 22, a distance adjustment screw rod 23, a support pulley 24, a fish-belly shaped high-strength support frame 25, and a support column 26. Each pressure application arm 21 has a spiral groove in the middle corresponding to the thread of the distance adjustment screw rod 23. Rotating the turntable 22 shortens or lengthens the distance between the pressure application arms 21. The top of the fish-belly shaped high-strength support frame 25 is welded with a rectangular groove of the same width as the lower side of the pressure application arms 21. These grooves are connected by a number of transverse connecting strips, which are wide in the middle and narrow at the sides, forming a fish-belly shape to prevent vertical deformation of the cement block specimen 32 placed behind the device. The support column 26 is wrapped with rubber on both the top and bottom to reduce the impact of surrounding vibrations on the test results and also to reduce the impact of device vibrations on the surrounding environment. A certain number of support rollers 24 are placed in the top groove of the fish belly-shaped high-strength support frame 25 and the wide groove space under the pressure application arm 21. The support rollers 24 can reduce the frictional resistance of the double curved clamping arms on both sides when they are close together, and provide vertical support for the upper structure such as the pressure application arm 21, the turntable 22, and the distance adjustment threaded rod 23.

[0079] The test sample consists of two force transmission pads 31 to be tested and two cement block specimens 32. The force transmission pads 31 are selected according to scientific research and engineering needs.

[0080] The specific testing method for implementing this invention is as follows:

[0081] Step 1: Determine the force transmission pad 31 and two cement block specimens 32 to be tested based on research needs or actual engineering conditions. Place the force transmission pad 31 at corresponding positions on the two cement block specimens 32, and connect the force transmission pad 31 and the two cement block specimens 32 by grouting, adhesive, or other means. Adhere a certain number of thin-film vibration acceleration sensors to the contact surfaces between the force transmission pad 31 and the cement block specimens 32, and adhere a certain number of thin-film stress sensors to the contact points of the force transmission pad 31. The number and spacing of the sensors are selected based on the dimensions of the force transmission pad 31.

[0082] Step 2: Make the surfaces of the two force transmission pads 31 fit tightly together, and place the cement block specimen 32 as a whole on the clamping arm 31. Adjust the height of the hammer vibration mechanism 2, rotate the turntable 32 outside the screw so that the clamping arm 31 clamps the cement block specimen, observe the stress sensor reading, make the stress sensor reading equal to or close to 0, and record the distance between the two cement block specimens 52 at this time.

[0083] Step 3: Rotate the outer turntable 32 of the screw to continue applying pressure to the cement block specimen 32 by the pressure application arm 21. Observe the distance sensor data between the two cement block specimens 32 at any time. Stop rotating the turntable 22 after each rotation and record the distance between the cement block specimens 32 and the stress sensor reading at this time. Apply reciprocating driving force and release the vibrating hammer 14. Use the hammering vibration mechanism 1 to hammer the cement block specimen 32 at a certain frequency according to scientific research or engineering needs. Observe and record the readings on the membrane vibration acceleration sensors on both sides.

[0084] Step 4: Repeat the steps in Step 3 until the two cement block specimens 32 are in contact or the force transmission pad 31 is completely destroyed, thus completing the field test.

[0085] Step 5: Based on the previously recorded data, the relationship between the distance change and the stress-strain recorded by the stress sensor, as well as the relationship between the vibration acceleration attenuation amplitude and the distance change, can be obtained. In the numerical calculation software, cement block specimens and force-transmitting pads with the same dimensions and other physical parameters are set up. The spacing between the cement block specimens is changed to ensure that the stress-strain is close to the actual test results. Then, the same vibration source is applied in the numerical calculation software, and the contact damping coefficient of the force-transmitting pad is continuously adjusted so that the vibration acceleration change amplitude before and after the numerical calculation is the same as the actual test results, finally obtaining the contact damping coefficient.

[0086] The vibratory hammer 14 can be replaced with hammers of different weights to achieve different hammering effects and produce different vibration impacts.

[0087] In the third step, the hammering frequency can be set according to the working conditions.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for equivalent simulation of force transmission pads between tunnel segments, characterized in that, include: The support frame is located at the very bottom of the entire device; A pressure clamping mechanism is provided on the upper part of the support frame; Two cement block specimens are arranged side by side on the pressure clamping mechanism. They are the first cement block specimen and the second cement block specimen, respectively. Two force transmission pads are arranged opposite each other between the adjacent side walls of the two cement block specimens. A hammering vibration mechanism is used to apply top-down hammering vibration to the two cement block specimens; A thin-film vibration acceleration sensor is placed between the cement block specimen and the force transmission pad. A thin-film stress sensor is disposed on the contact surface between the two force-transmitting pads; The pressure clamping mechanism includes: a horizontally arranged screw with two threaded sections of opposite directions, namely a first threaded section and a second threaded section; A first nut sliding joint is installed on the first threaded section, and a first pressure plate is fixedly connected to the first nut sliding joint. The second nut sliding joint is installed on the second threaded section, and a second pressure plate is fixedly connected to the second nut sliding joint; The bottoms of the two nut sliding pairs are connected to the support frame via a rolling / sliding unit; The rotation of the screw causes the two nut sliding pairs to move horizontally in opposite directions, which in turn causes the two pressure plates to apply a clamping force to the two cement block specimens; The support frame is a high-strength support frame; The hammering vibration mechanism includes: a base (16) with a fixed limiting sleeve on its upper side; a hammer gantry (15) with a horizontal beam on its top, a first horizontal sliding groove on the beam, and vertically arranged limiting columns fixedly connected to both ends of the beam, the outer diameter of the limiting column matching the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve, and limiting holes equidistantly arranged on the side of the limiting column along the height direction; the limiting column is inserted into the limiting sleeve to fix the hammer gantry on the limiting sleeve, and the height of the hammer gantry is adjusted by bolts and limiting holes; and a hammering component, slidably connected to the first horizontal sliding groove of the hammer gantry, used to test the two cement blocks. The hammer assembly includes: an upper hammer support (11), which is slidably disposed in a first transverse groove on the hammer gantry, and the upper hammer support (11) is provided with a vertical groove; a hammer rod (12), the upper end of which is slidably connected to the vertical groove on the upper hammer support through two cylindrical protrusions; a lower hammer support (13), the upper end of which is connected to the bottom end of the hammer rod through a thread, and the lower hammer support is provided with a second transverse groove; and a vibrating hammer (14), which includes multiple hammers, the upper ends of which are respectively installed in the second transverse groove at the bottom end of the lower hammer support and arranged in a linear array along the second transverse groove, the lower part of which is a hemispherical protrusion made of flexible material. By rotating the linear array of vibrating hammers, different types of vibrations are generated when the hammers strike the surface of the cement block, adapting to and simulating different types of vibration sources in engineering. When the linear array direction of the vibrating hammers is parallel to the contact surface of the force transmission pad, a surface vibration effect is generated; when the linear array direction is perpendicular to the contact surface of the force transmission pad, a line or point vibration effect is generated. The support frame includes a bottom support column and a sliding rail located on the upper part of the bottom support column. The top of the sliding rail is provided with a first elongated groove arranged along the axis of the rail. The bottom of the nut sliding pair is provided with a second elongated groove arranged along the axis of the sliding rail. The width of the first elongated groove and the second elongated groove are the same. The two elongated grooves are arranged symmetrically from top to bottom, and the rolling / sliding unit is arranged between the two elongated grooves. The bottom support column is wrapped with rubber vibration isolation material on its exterior and at both its top and bottom ends.

2. The experimental apparatus for equivalent simulation of force transmission pads between tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw has turntables connected to both ends.

3. The experimental apparatus for equivalent simulation of inter-segment force transmission liner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible material is elastic rubber.

4. The experimental apparatus for equivalent simulation of inter-segment force transmission liner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sliding track is provided with multiple transverse reinforcing ribs arranged along the width of the track.

5. A test method for a test apparatus based on the equivalent simulation of the inter-segment force transmission liner as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps: S1. Determine the force transmission pad and two cement block specimens to be tested according to scientific research needs or actual engineering conditions. Place the force transmission pad at the corresponding positions of the two cement block specimens respectively, and connect the force transmission pad and the two cement block specimens by grouting and bonding. A certain number of thin film vibration acceleration sensors are attached to the contact surface between the force transmission pad and the cement block specimen, and a certain number of thin film stress sensors are attached to the contact point of the force transmission pad. The number and spacing of the sensors are selected according to the size of the force transmission pad. S2. Make the surfaces of the two force transmission pads fit tightly together, and place the cement block specimen as a whole on the pressure clamping mechanism. Adjust the height of the hammer vibration mechanism, clamp the cement block specimen through the pressure clamping mechanism, observe the stress sensor reading, make the stress sensor reading equal to 0, and record the distance between the two cement block specimens at this time. S3. Continue to apply pressure to the cement block specimen through the pressure clamping mechanism, and observe the distance sensor data between the two cement block specimens at any time. For each increase in pressure, record the distance between the cement block specimens and the reading of the stress sensor at this time. Then, use the hammer vibration mechanism to rotate the hammer array direction and hammer the cement block specimen at a certain frequency to form a surface vibration source or a line vibration source. The surface vibration source refers to the straight line connecting the hammer points being parallel to the contact surface of the force transmission pad, and the line vibration source refers to the straight line connecting the hammer points being perpendicular to the contact surface. Observe and record the readings on the thin film vibration acceleration sensors on both sides. S4. Repeat step S3 until the two cement block specimens are in contact or the force transmission pad is completely destroyed to complete the field test. S5. Based on the previously recorded data, obtain the relationship between the distance between the two cement blocks and the vibration acceleration attenuation amplitude, as well as the stress-strain relationship recorded by the stress sensor. In the numerical calculation software, set up cement block specimens and force transmission pads with the same size and other physical parameters, change the spacing between the cement block specimens, and ensure that the stress and strain are close to the actual test results. Then, apply the same vibration source in the numerical calculation software and continuously adjust the contact damping coefficient of the force transmission pad so that the change amplitude of vibration acceleration before and after the numerical calculation software is the same as the actual test results. Finally, obtain the contact damping coefficient.

6. The test method for the experimental apparatus for equivalent simulation of inter-segment force transmission pads according to claim 5, characterized in that, By changing the hammers of different weights on the hammering vibration mechanism, different hammering effects can be obtained, producing different vibration impacts.

Images