A standardized brick, a brick masonry using the standardized brick, and a construction method

Abstract

The application relates to a standardized brick, a brick masonry and a construction method of the brick masonry, and belongs to the technical field of brick masonry. The brick comprises six surfaces, i.e. upper, lower, left, right, front and back surfaces, mortise and tenon grooves and mortise and tenon protrusions are arranged on each surface. The brick masonry is formed by stacking the bricks. The adjacent surfaces of all the bricks in the brick masonry can be combined by mortise and tenon, the wall structure is stable, steel hole channels are arranged on the bricks, and after the bricks are stacked, the semicircular steel hole channels are relatively formed into circular steel hole channels, steel bars can be inserted into the circular steel hole channels to reinforce the stability of the wall. The bricks of a standard specification can be used to stack the wall, and the bricks can be used for common 12-wall, 18-wall, 24-wall, 30-wall and 36-wall buildings, and can be used to build walls with different thicknesses. Only one specification of bricks is needed in the whole construction process, the standardized construction requirement of walls with different thicknesses is met, the brick masonry structure is stable, and hidden defects are not prone to occurring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of brick masonry technology, specifically, it relates to a standardized spliced ​​brick masonry and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Brick masonry is one of the four major building structural forms, and standard bricks are the most common and widely used type of brick masonry in construction projects. Standard bricks are brick structures with standard dimensions and square shapes.

[0003] To ensure the quality of brick masonry, it is necessary to monitor the construction quality. The construction of standard brick masonry is mainly controlled by elevation, supplemented by theodolites and plumb lines for quality control. Due to the large number of human factors and construction stages, brick masonry has the characteristic of strong concealment of quality defects. It is difficult to find local or overall quality defects in brick masonry during construction, which leads to the concentrated outbreak of brick masonry quality problems during brick masonry acceptance. This results in rework and economic losses due to substandard quality, and affects the progress of subsequent construction work.

[0004] Furthermore, in current brick masonry systems, there is no interaction between the bricks, and the reinforcing bars in the structural columns can only be laid flat on the brick surface, connecting only the upper and lower layers of bricks bonded by cement mortar. This fails to effectively function as a tie between the bricks, resulting in poor overall integrity. The brick masonry is primarily constructed using cement mortar as a binder, which establishes a mechanical connection between the bricks, reinforcing bars, structural columns, and ring beams. Since the bonding strength of the cement mortar is a crucial factor in supporting the overall stability of the brick masonry, any breakage in the cement mortar can easily lead to overall instability and collapse of the masonry. Therefore, current brick masonry systems have poor seismic resistance.

[0005] Existing brick masonry solutions also employ mortise and tenon joints, splicing, and the use of hollow bricks to address the aforementioned issues. However, existing brick masonry solutions all use mortise and tenon joints in the same direction, which can only achieve a tight connection in one direction of the brick masonry. Furthermore, when the bricks are staggered and overlapped, the feasibility and standard requirements of the specific design and construction are not considered, resulting in the problem of limited use and poor applicability of the bricks.

[0006] For example, patent CN208396125U discloses a "mortise and tenon type brick block and its combined wall". The brick body is T-shaped, using male bricks with protrusions on the top, bottom, left, and right sides and female bricks with recesses. The bricks are joined together by the tenons and mortises of the male and female bricks. This technology has limited functionality and narrow applicability. For example, it does not consider the connection when the bricks are in different spatial positions. The tenon and mortise joints of the male and female bricks can only be used for "horizontal" or "vertical" floors and walls. It also does not consider the need to install reinforcing bars in the bricks, which means that holes must be drilled in the bricks to lay the reinforcing bars, increasing construction difficulty and cost, and reducing construction efficiency.

[0007] Patent CN112324011A discloses an "environmentally friendly combined wall". Its brick body is square, with two sub-cavities separated by a hollow cavity inside and two steel bar holes. It adopts an independent "T-shaped" outer wall composed of a set of symmetric support frames, laminating plates, and inserting plates. Mortar is poured into the cavity formed by the brick body and the "T-shaped" outer wall, so that the brick body and the "T-shaped" outer wall form an integral whole. This technology has problems of single function, narrow application range, and structural defects. The defect characteristics of "single function and narrow application range" are the same as those of CN208396125U. The steel bars, raised tenon parts of the brick body, and mortise holes of the raised tenon parts of the brick body it set can only be used in the "horizontal" or "vertical" occasions of the brick body, and when the brick body is placed "horizontally", it contradicts the use purpose of placing soil for planting plants; the mortise and tenon structure it involves is only used in the raised tenon part and the mortise hole of the raised tenon part of the brick body, and its "T-shaped" outer wall does not have the characteristics of using the mortise and tenon structure, resulting in the brick body and the "T-shaped" outer wall being two independent and unconnected structures. When pouring mortar, in order to ensure that the brick body and the "T-shaped" outer wall are not crushed by the accumulated volume of the mortar, additional reinforcement measures must be adopted, which is not only inconvenient for construction but also increases construction links and cost inputs, and its patent is not applicable to the brick body bearing structure. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a standardized brick body, brick masonry, and construction method of brick masonry. The brick masonry is堆砌 by standardized brick bodies. In the brick masonry, the six faces of the brick body can all achieve mortise and tenon connection, with firm structure, strong integrity, and not easy to have hidden defects. The construction of the brick masonry can be achieved with a standardized brick body of one specification.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0010] The front, back, left, right and other orientation nouns adopted in the present invention are a means of expression for clearly and concisely describing the structure of the present invention, and are limited by the orientation reflected in the attached drawings of the present invention. The protection scope and actual use of the present invention are not limited by these orientation nouns; in addition, the virtual matrix, matrix blocks, and equal-width blocks adopted in the present invention are a means of description for clearly and concisely describing the layout of the mortise and tenon grooves and mortise and tenon protrusions of the brick body of the present invention, and do not mean that the technical solution of the present invention needs to be divided into a matrix or equal-width blocks to be realized.

[0011] The standardized brick body has six faces of up, down, left, right, front, and back. Mortise and tenon grooves or mortise and tenon protrusions or both mortise and tenon grooves and mortise and tenon protrusions are respectively provided on the six faces of the standardized brick body; the mortise and tenon grooves or mortise and tenon protrusions provided on the six faces can all be mortise and tenon connected; after the brick bodies are spliced into brick masonry, the adjacent faces of each brick body can be mortise and tenon connected.

[0012] Furthermore, the brick body is a cuboid or a cube; mortise and tenon grooves or mortise and tenon protrusions are provided on both opposite surfaces of the brick body; the mortise and tenon grooves and mortise and tenon protrusions are provided on the same surface, or only mortise and tenon grooves or only mortise and tenon protrusions are provided on one of the surfaces.

[0013] Furthermore, the brick body has inclined surfaces on its six sides, and the inclined surfaces have the same slope.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper and lower surfaces of the brick are divided into virtual matrices. Each block of the virtual matrix is ​​provided with a mortise and tenon groove or a mortise and tenon protrusion. The mortise and tenon groove or mortise and tenon protrusion is set in the diagonal blocks. The front, back, left, and right sides of the brick are equally divided into virtual wide blocks. Each wide block is provided with a mortise and tenon groove or a mortise and tenon protrusion.

[0015] Furthermore, taking one of the vertical edges of the brick when it is laid flat as the starting edge, the adjacent blocks or blocks of equal width are all set as mortise and tenon protrusions. On the upper and lower surfaces of the brick, starting from the mortise and tenon protrusions adjacent to the initial edge, the blocks in the same row or line adjacent to the mortise and tenon protrusions are set as mortise and tenon grooves, and the diagonal blocks are set as mortise and tenon protrusions. On the front and right sides of the brick, starting from the mortise and tenon protrusion at the initial end, the mortise and tenon grooves and mortise and tenon protrusions are set alternately. On the left and right sides and the front and rear opposite sides of the brick, the mortise and tenon grooves and mortise and tenon protrusions are respectively set opposite to each other.

[0016] Furthermore, the brick body is provided with steel reinforcement channels.

[0017] Furthermore, the steel reinforcement channels are provided at least along the edge of the brick, the intersection of the virtual array, and the intersection of the virtual equal-width blocks; wherein, the steel reinforcement channels at the edge of the brick are 1 / 4 arc holes, the steel reinforcement channels at the intersection of the virtual array are round holes, and the steel reinforcement channels at the intersection of the virtual equal-width blocks are semi-circular holes.

[0018] Furthermore, the mortise and tenon protrusion can be any structure that can be joined by a mortise and tenon, such as a cross, square, round, triangular, or polygonal shape; the mortise and tenon groove structure matches the mortise and tenon protrusion.

[0019] This invention also protects any type of brickwork constructed using the aforementioned bricks.

[0020] Furthermore, the bricks used in the brickwork are of uniform specifications.

[0021] Furthermore, the brick masonry includes, but is not limited to, brick masonry construction structures such as 12-wall, 18-wall, 24-wall, 30-wall, and 36-wall.

[0022] The construction method for the brick masonry includes the following characteristics:

[0023] According to the wall thickness requirements, standard bricks are used for laying. During laying, the adjacent surfaces of each brick must meet the mortise and tenon joint requirements, and cement mortar is used to bond between each layer of bricks.

[0024] When it is necessary to lay steel bars, the steel bars are embedded in the steel bar channels that have been pre-laid with cement mortar to complete the laying of steel bars in the brickwork.

[0025] When the on-site construction conditions are suitable for cement mortar grouting, after all the brick masonry is completed, the reinforcing bars are placed into the reinforcing bar ducts formed by the upper and lower layers of bricks, and the reinforcing bar ducts are then grouted with cement mortar.

[0026] Furthermore, the construction methods include, but are not limited to, all-header, all-header-two-header, one-header-one-two-header, or one-header-one-header-three-header construction.

[0027] Furthermore, the bricks used in the construction methods are all of uniform specifications.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] The bricks of this invention can be connected by mortise and tenon joints, and the mortise and tenon structure can achieve staggered joints in any spatial position, allowing the bricks to meet various construction methods such as one header and one stretcher, all headers, all stretchers, and two flat sides. Through combinations of different construction methods, the bricks can be used for common building walls such as 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 cm, and can be used to build walls of different thicknesses, achieving standardized construction and strong applicability. Furthermore, the mortise and tenon structure of the bricks of this invention provides a tight connection, overcoming the problem of existing standard bricks relying mainly on cement mortar bonding and having poor overall integrity. All six sides of each brick are interlocked by mortise and tenon joints, resulting in good overall stability. The tight connection and fixed mortise and tenon connection relationship between bricks make it less prone to displacement and misalignment, reducing hidden defects and minimizing quality defects. By setting rebar holes, this invention allows for seamless insertion of rebar into the bricks. Sealing the rebar holes with cement mortar makes the rebar and bricks form a unified whole, resulting in strong overall stability and good seismic resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brick body of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a front view of the brick body of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the brick body of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a left view of the brick body of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a right view of the brick body of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a top view of the brick body of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the brick body of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brick after rotating 180 degrees;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the brick masonry structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the brick masonry structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the brick masonry structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the brick masonry structure of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 This is an example of a brick with an inclined surface according to the present invention;

[0043] In the diagram, 1-starting mortise protrusion, 2-ending end, 3-mortise groove, 4-mortise protrusion, 5-reinforcing bar hole, 6-header brick, 7-straight brick, 8-side brick. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A standardized brick

[0047] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the standardized brick body includes six sides: top, bottom, left, right, front, and back. The six sides of the brick body are respectively provided with mortise and tenon grooves 3 and mortise and tenon protrusions 4; the mortise and tenon grooves 3 and mortise and tenon protrusions 4 can be connected by mortise and tenon joints.

[0048] The layout of the mortise and tenon groove 3 and the mortise and tenon protrusion 4 is as follows: the upper and lower surfaces of the brick are divided into virtual squares at equal intervals, each square block is a square, and each square block is provided with a mortise and tenon groove 3 or a mortise and tenon protrusion 4; the front, back, left and right sides of the brick are divided into virtual equal-width blocks at equal intervals, and each equal-width block is provided with a mortise and tenon groove 3 or a mortise and tenon protrusion 4; the vertical edge of the right rear side of the brick is taken as the starting edge, and the square blocks or equal-width blocks adjacent to the starting edge are all set as mortise and tenon protrusions, and the starting end of the starting edge is the mortise and tenon protrusion at the starting end. On the top and bottom surfaces of the brick, starting with the initial mortise and tenon protrusion 1, the adjacent blocks in the same row or column of the mortise and tenon protrusion 4 are designated as mortise and tenon grooves 3, and the diagonally opposite blocks are designated as mortise and tenon protrusions 4. On the rear and right sides of the brick, starting with the initial mortise and tenon cross protrusion 1, the mortise and tenon grooves 3 and mortise and tenon protrusions 4 are spaced apart. Furthermore, on the left, right, front, and rear opposite surfaces of the brick, the mortise and tenon grooves 3 and mortise and tenon protrusions 4 are respectively positioned opposite each other. For example, if a mortise and tenon groove 3 is designated at a certain position on the front of the brick, then the mortise and tenon protrusion 4 is designated on the rear of the brick opposite to it. The diagonal of the initial end is the ending end 2, and the vertical edge at the location of the ending end 2 is the ending edge. The blocks adjacent to the ending edge or blocks of equal width are all designated as mortise and tenon protrusions 4.

[0049] To increase the stability of the brick masonry structure of this invention, steel reinforcement channels 5 are arbitrarily provided along at least the edges of the bricks, the intersections of the virtual array, and the intersections of the virtual equal-width blocks. Alternatively, steel reinforcement channels 5 can be provided simultaneously or selectively in two or more of these areas. For example, steel reinforcement channels 5 can be provided only along the edges of the bricks, or simultaneously along the edges of the bricks and the intersections of the virtual array. Specifically, the steel reinforcement channels 5 at the edges of the bricks are 1 / 4 circular arc holes, the steel reinforcement channels 5 at the intersections of the virtual array are circular holes, and the steel reinforcement channels 5 at the intersections of the virtual equal-width blocks are semi-circular holes. After the bricks are assembled using mortar and tenon joints, the 1 / 4 circular holes and the semi-circular holes form a circular steel reinforcement channel 5, achieving seamless insertion of the steel reinforcement into the bricks. By sealing the steel reinforcement channels 5 with cement mortar, the steel reinforcement and the bricks form an integral whole, resulting in strong overall stability and good seismic resistance.

[0050] The standardized bricks of this invention are suitable for any solid material, such as plastics, wood, plywood, cement mortar, cement, concrete, reinforced concrete, metal, etc.

[0051] The structure of this invention, through the mortise and tenon joint of the groove 3 and the protrusion 4, and the reinforcement laid in the pre-reserved steel reinforcement channels 5 of the cement mortar filling the brick body, changes the force transmission chain so that the brick body first bears the direct force, and the brick body gradually consumes the force through its own mortise and tenon joints, and then the remaining force is transmitted to the structural columns and ring beams by the steel reinforcement. This allows the brick masonry to form its own force-reducing ladder, and together with the structural columns and ring beams, forms a whole with a force transmission chain, thereby improving the integrity, stability, and seismic performance of the brick masonry.

[0052] The mortise and tenon structure design of the brickwork in this invention enables staggered and seamless overlap of bricks at any spatial position. The bricks can accommodate various construction methods, including one header and one stretcher, all headers, all stretchers, and two flat sections on one side. Through combinations of different construction methods, the bricks can be used for common building structures such as 12cm, 18cm, 24cm, 30cm, and 36cm walls, and can be used to build walls of varying thicknesses. Furthermore, the brick specifications are uniform throughout the construction process, enabling standardized construction and strong applicability. After stacking, all six sides of each brick are joined by mortise and tenon joints, resulting in good overall stability. The mortise and tenon structure design ensures a fixed connection between bricks, preventing displacement and misalignment, and effectively avoiding hidden quality defects.

[0053] When laying brick masonry over long distances, the mortise and tenon joints of the brick body of this invention can reduce the amount of cement mortar used and reduce the error caused by uneven thickness of cement mortar. Furthermore, the flatness of the brick masonry can be intuitively judged by visually observing the mortise and tenon grooves 3 and mortise and tenon protrusions 4. With the aid of a brick gauge, real-time correction can be achieved, resulting in brick masonry that is horizontally and vertically straight, avoiding additional construction costs such as rework caused by untimely quality control.

[0054] The following examples illustrate the brick masonry and construction methods of the present invention using some construction methods.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] The present invention relates to a construction method for continuous brick stacking and the resulting brick masonry.

[0057] like Figure 9 As shown, the construction sequence of the brick masonry is as follows:

[0058] (1) Lay the bottom layer of cement mortar according to the pre-construction position of the brick masonry.

[0059] (2) Lay the first layer of bricks on the cement mortar, using the short side of the brick as the thickness of the brick (laying in the same direction), and lay the first layer of bricks in sequence and in the same direction. Connect adjacent bricks in sequence with tenon and mortise joints to complete the laying of the first layer of bricks.

[0060] (3) Apply cement mortar to the upper surface of the first layer of bricks and lay the second layer of bricks. The second layer of bricks is laid in the same direction as the first layer of bricks and with staggered joints. That is, the first brick of the second layer of bricks is laid on the first layer of bricks with the first brick of the first layer of bricks in the same direction and staggered by a virtual row.

[0061] (4) Lay the third layer of bricks in the same way as in step (2). The starting position of the brick head of the third layer of bricks is the same as that of the first layer of bricks. After the third layer of bricks is completed, lay the fourth layer of bricks in the same way as in step (3). The starting position of the brick head of the fourth layer of bricks is the same as that of the second layer of bricks. Lay them in this order to the design elevation. Since steps (2), (3) and (4) adopt staggered joints, the brick heads and tails of the odd and even layers will form a uniform and regular toothed joint to facilitate the subsequent connection between the structural columns and the brick body.

[0062] (5) The adjacent surfaces of the laid bricks are joined by tenons and mortise to form a steel reinforcement channel. The steel reinforcement is then embedded in the steel reinforcement channel 5, which has been pre-laid with cement mortar. When the on-site construction has the conditions for cement mortar grouting, the steel reinforcement can be placed into the steel reinforcement channel 5 formed by the bricks after the entire brick masonry is completed, and the steel reinforcement can be laid by grouting the cement mortar into the steel reinforcement channel using a machine.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] The present invention relates to a construction method for laying bricks in a header-and-stretcher configuration and the resulting brick masonry.

[0065] like Figure 10 As shown, the construction sequence of the brick masonry is as follows:

[0066] (1) Lay the bottom layer of cement mortar according to the pre-construction position of the brick masonry.

[0067] (2) Lay the first layer of bricks along the cement mortar, with the long side of the brick as the wall width and the starting end of the brick located on the left (header brick), and lay them horizontally (with the attached brick). Figure 3 (The orientation of the bricks), after laying the first brick, all bricks are laid in the same direction in sequence, with the mortise and tenon joints connecting adjacent bricks to complete the first layer of bricks.

[0068] (3) Apply cement mortar to the upper surface of the first layer of bricks, and lay the second layer of bricks (laid in the direction of the bricks). The starting end of the second layer of bricks is located on the left side, and two bricks are laid vertically side by side (both bricks are laid in the direction of the bricks). The two bricks laid vertically side by side are offset from the first layer of bricks by a virtual row, and the second layer of bricks is laid.

[0069] (4) Lay the third layer of bricks in the same orientation as in step (2). The starting position of the brick head of the third layer of bricks is the same as that of the first layer of bricks. After the third layer of bricks is completed, lay the fourth layer of bricks in the same orientation as in step (3). The starting position of the brick head of the fourth layer of bricks is the same as that of the second layer of bricks. Lay them in this order to the design elevation. Since steps (2), (3), and (4) use staggered joints, the brick heads and tails of the odd and even layers will form a uniform and regular toothed joint to facilitate the subsequent connection between the structural columns and the bricks.

[0070] (5) The adjacent surfaces of the laid brickwork are joined by tenons and mortise to form a steel reinforcement channel 5. The steel reinforcement is then embedded in the steel reinforcement channel 5, which has been pre-laid with cement mortar. When the on-site construction has the conditions for cement mortar grouting, the steel reinforcement can be placed into the steel reinforcement channel 5 formed by the brickwork after all the brickwork has been laid, and the steel reinforcement can be laid by grouting the cement mortar in the steel reinforcement channel 5 with a machine.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] The present invention relates to a construction method for laying bricks in a one-header-two-length pattern on one side and the resulting brick masonry.

[0073] like Figure 11 As shown, the construction sequence of the brick masonry is as follows:

[0074] (1) Lay the bottom layer of cement mortar according to the pre-construction position of the brick masonry.

[0075] (2) Lay the first layer of bricks along the cement mortar in a one-header-one-side pattern, with side brick 8 on the left and header brick 6 laid next to the side brick. The starting end of the first layer of side bricks is located at the upper left corner, and the starting end of the first layer of header bricks is located at the rear left corner. The two are laid flush with each other. After the first side brick and header brick of the first layer are laid, the other side bricks and header bricks of the first layer are laid in the same direction as the previous side brick and header brick. The adjacent surfaces of each brick are connected by tenon and mortise joints to complete the laying of the first layer of side bricks and header bricks.

[0076] (3) After all the side bricks and header bricks of the first layer are laid in sequence, two second layer longitudinal bricks are laid side by side on the header bricks of the first layer. The starting end of the longitudinal bricks is located at the upper left corner. The other longitudinal bricks of the second layer are laid in the same direction as the first two longitudinal bricks, but the second layer longitudinal bricks need to be laid with a virtual row staggered from the header bricks of the first layer. After the two rows of longitudinal bricks of the second layer are laid, a structure consisting of side bricks, header bricks and longitudinal bricks is formed.

[0077] (4) Lay the third layer of side bricks and header bricks in the same orientation as in step (2). The starting position of the bricks of the third layer of side bricks and header bricks is the same as that of the first layer of side bricks and header bricks. After completing the third layer of side bricks and header bricks, lay the fourth layer of longitudinal bricks in the same orientation as in step (3). The starting position of the bricks of the fourth layer of longitudinal bricks is the same as that of the second layer of longitudinal bricks. Lay them in this order to the design elevation. Since steps (2), (3), and (4) use staggered joints, the brick heads and brick tails of the odd and even layers will form a uniform and regular toothed joint to facilitate the subsequent connection between the structural columns and the brick body.

[0078] (5) The adjacent surfaces of the laid brickwork are joined by tenons and mortise to form a steel reinforcement channel. The steel reinforcement is then embedded in the steel reinforcement channel that has been pre-laid with cement mortar. When the on-site construction has the conditions for cement mortar grouting, the steel reinforcement can be placed into the steel reinforcement channel formed by the brickwork after all the brickwork has been laid, and the steel reinforcement can be laid by grouting the cement mortar into the steel reinforcement channel by machine.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] The present invention relates to a construction method for stacking bricks in a one-sided, three-sided manner, and the resulting brick masonry.

[0081] like Figure 12 As shown, the construction sequence of the brick masonry is as follows:

[0082] (1) Lay the bottom layer of cement mortar according to the pre-construction position of the brick masonry.

[0083] (2) Lay the first layer of bricks along the cement mortar in a one-header-one-stretcher pattern, with the stretcher brick 8 on the left and the header brick 6 laid next to the stretcher brick 8. The starting end of the stretcher brick 8 is located at the left rear corner, and the starting end of the header brick 6 is also located at the left rear corner. The rear ends of the stretcher brick 8 and the header brick 6 are laid opposite each other. After the first stretcher brick and header brick are laid, the other stretcher bricks are laid in the same direction as the previous stretcher brick, and the other header bricks are laid in the same direction as the first header brick. The adjacent surfaces of each brick are connected by tenon and mortise joints to complete the laying of the first layer of bricks.

[0084] (3) Continue to lay the second layer of bricks. The second layer of bricks are all straight bricks. Three straight bricks are laid side by side and are laid in a virtual row array offset from the first layer of piles. The starting end of the second layer of piles is located at the left rear corner.

[0085] (4) Lay the third layer of bricks using the same construction method as the first layer of bricks, with the third layer of bricks facing the first layer of bricks vertically; lay the fourth layer of bricks using the same laying method as the second layer of bricks, with the fourth layer of bricks facing the second layer of bricks vertically, ... and continue construction in this order until the brick masonry reaches the design elevation.

[0086] (5) The adjacent surfaces of the laid brickwork are joined by tenons and mortise to form a steel reinforcement channel. The steel reinforcement is then embedded in the steel reinforcement channel that has been pre-laid with cement mortar. When the on-site construction has the conditions for cement mortar grouting, the steel reinforcement can be placed into the steel reinforcement channel formed by the brickwork after all the brickwork has been laid, and the steel reinforcement can be laid by grouting the cement mortar into the steel reinforcement channel by machine.

[0087] Example 6

[0088] This embodiment demonstrates one type of standardized brick structure with a sloping surface.

[0089] The standardized brick shown in this embodiment has a sloping surface, and each surface of the standardized brick has a mortise and tenon groove 3 and a mortise and tenon protrusion 4, and the mortise and tenon protrusion 4 is hemispherical.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A standardized brick, characterized in that: The brick is a cuboid or cube with six faces: top, bottom, left, right, front, and back. Each of the six faces has a mortise and tenon groove or a mortise and tenon protrusion, or both. The mortise and tenon grooves or protrusions on the six faces can be connected by mortise and tenon joints. After the bricks are assembled into a brick masonry, the adjacent faces of each brick can be joined by mortise and tenon joints. Mortise and tenon grooves or mortise and tenon protrusions are provided on each pair of opposite faces of the brick. Taking one of the vertical edges of the brick when it is laid flat as the starting edge, the blocks or blocks of equal width adjacent to the starting edge are all set as mortise and tenon protrusions. On the top and bottom of the brick, starting from the mortise and tenon protrusions adjacent to the initial edge, the blocks in the same row or line adjacent to the mortise and tenon protrusions are set as mortise and tenon grooves, and the diagonal blocks are set as mortise and tenon protrusions. On the front and right sides of the brick, starting from the mortise and tenon protrusion at the initial end, the mortise and tenon grooves and mortise and tenon protrusions are set alternately. On the left and right sides and the front and back opposite sides of the brick, the mortise and tenon grooves and mortise and tenon protrusions are respectively set opposite to each other. The upper and lower surfaces of the brick are divided into virtual matrices. Each block of the virtual matrix is ​​provided with a mortise and tenon groove or a mortise and tenon protrusion. The mortise and tenon groove or mortise and tenon protrusion is set in the diagonal blocks. The front, back, left and right sides of the brick are equally divided into virtual wide blocks. Each wide block is provided with a mortise and tenon groove or a mortise and tenon protrusion. The standardized brick body can meet any one of the construction requirements of all-header, one-header-two-header, one-side-header-two-header, and one-side-header-three-header.

2. The standardized brick body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brick body is provided with steel reinforcement channels; the steel reinforcement channels are provided at least along the edge of the brick body, the intersection of the virtual array, and the intersection of the virtual equal-width blocks; wherein, the steel reinforcement channels at the edge of the brick body are 1 / 4 arc holes, the steel reinforcement channels at the intersection of the virtual array are round holes, and the steel reinforcement channels at the intersection of the virtual equal-width blocks are semi-circular holes.

3. The standardized brick body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mortise and tenon protrusions are cross-shaped, square, round, triangular, or polygonal; the mortise and tenon groove structure matches the mortise and tenon protrusions.

4. A type of brick masonry, characterized in that, It is constructed using standardized bricks as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The brick masonry as described in claim 4, wherein the construction method comprises the following features: According to the wall thickness requirements, standard bricks are used for laying. When laying, the adjacent surfaces of each adjacent brick must meet the mortise and tenon connection requirements, and cement mortar is used to bond between each layer of bricks. When it is necessary to lay steel bars, the steel bars are embedded in the steel bar channels that have been pre-laid with cement mortar to complete the laying of steel bars in the brickwork. When the on-site construction conditions are suitable for cement mortar grouting, after all the brick masonry is completed, the reinforcing bars are placed into the reinforcing bar ducts formed by the upper and lower layers of bricks, and the reinforcing bar ducts are then grouted with cement mortar. The brickwork is 12-wall, 18-wall, 24-wall, 30-wall, or 36-wall.

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