Specimen smear device and smear method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a specimen smear device and a smear method thereof, relating to the technical field of medical equipment and devices, comprising a test tube rack and a smear gun head, the top of the test tube rack is alternately provided with a test tube placement cavity and a gun head placement cavity, the bottom end of the test tube rack is provided with an anti-error limit groove, a hemispherical positioning hole and a transverse limit avoidance groove, the anti-error limit groove is arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom end of the test tube rack, the hemispherical positioning holes are evenly arranged on the front end surface of the bottom end of the test tube rack, the transverse limit avoidance groove is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the test tube rack, the smear gun head is arranged in the gun head placement cavity, the smear gun head comprises a gun head body, the outer side of the gun head body is provided with a guide wing, a step edge is provided at the junction of the guide wing and the gun head body, the top end of the gun head body is provided with a needle rod sleeve port, the bottom end of the gun head body is provided with an outer smear cavity, the inner side of the outer smear cavity is provided with an inner sampling cavity, and the inner sampling cavity is communicated with the gun head body. The invention does not require replacement of the gun head and reduces waste of test tube rack space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular relates to a specimen smear device and a smear method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Staining tests for gynecology, alveolar fluid and other body fluids often require the use of specimen smear devices. Existing specimen smear devices generally require two gun tips, one for sampling and one for smearing. Most sampling and smearing need to be done manually. Manual smearing has problems such as manual contact contamination and manual emotional stimulation leading to uneven smears. In order to avoid such problems, people have gradually begun to design smear equipment for smearing. However, the gun tips of existing smear equipment are generally inside the machine. The steps of sampling and smearing and replacing the gun tips are cumbersome, which increases the machine's footprint. Adding functional parts to the machine (gun tip box and gun tip) will increase its failure rate. In addition, the existing test tubes are placed in the test tube rack. The test tube rack has low space utilization and no position restrictions, which can easily lead to recognition errors due to position problems when the device scans the code.

[0003] Therefore, how to set up a specimen smear device and a specimen smear method thereof has become a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a sample smear device and a smear method thereof. The present invention rationally utilizes the space of the test tube rack and integrates the originally separate structures and actions of the specimen smear, thereby achieving the sample spotting and smearing steps without the need for multiple gun head removal actions and multiple gun heads.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a specimen smear device, comprising a test tube rack and a smear gun head, the top of the test tube rack is alternately provided with a test tube placement cavity and a gun head placement cavity, the bottom end of the test tube rack is provided with an anti-error limit groove, a hemispherical positioning hole and a transverse limit avoidance groove, the anti-error limit groove is arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom end of the test tube rack, the hemispherical positioning holes are evenly arranged on the front end surface of the bottom end of the test tube rack, the transverse limit avoidance groove is arranged at the center position of the bottom surface of the test tube rack, the smear gun head is arranged in the gun head placement cavity, the smear gun head comprises a gun head body, the gun head body is conical, the outer side of the gun head body is provided with a guide wing, the junction of the guide wing and the gun head body is provided with a step edge, the top end of the gun head body is provided with a needle rod sleeve opening, the bottom end of the gun head body is provided with an outer smear cavity, the inner part of the outer smear cavity is provided with an inner sampling cavity, and the inner sampling cavity is communicated with the gun head body.

[0006] Furthermore, a sampling end cavity is provided at the front end of the test tube placement cavity, a mixing end cavity is provided at the rear end of the gun head placement cavity, a code scanning window is provided on the front end surface of the sampling end cavity, and a property identification window is provided on the rear end surface of the mixing end cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the gun head placement cavity is sequentially provided with a guide cavity matched with the guide wing, a gun head placement step matched with the step edge, and a gun head front end avoidance cavity from top to bottom.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a sampling device, which includes a needle rod, a three-axis robotic arm, a sample delivery mechanism and a slide placement mechanism. The needle rod is arranged on the three-axis robotic arm, the slide placement mechanism is arranged below the three-axis robotic arm, and the sample delivery mechanism is arranged below the slide placement mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the needle rod is provided with two sealing rings that match the needle rod sleeve opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the three-axis robotic arm is provided with a syringe pump, which is connected to the needle rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the sample feeding mechanism is provided with an anti-falling strip matched with the anti-error limiting groove and a guide bead matched with the transverse movement limiting avoiding groove.

[0012] A smearing method for a specimen smear device comprises the following steps:

[0013] S01. The three-axis robot moves the needle to the top of the test tube rack gun tip placement cavity by moving the X-axis and Y-axis. The Z-axis lead screw motor moves the needle down to the gun tip placement cavity to position the smear gun tip.

[0014] S02. The smear gun tip engages the lower end of the needle rod through downward force, and the Z-axis lead screw motor moves the gun tip upward to the upper end of the gun tip placement chamber, above the height of the cotton swab in the test tube. The smear gun tip is then moved to the sampling end chamber position of the test tube rack through displacement along the X and Y axes.

[0015] S03. The Z-axis lead screw motor moves downward, and the smear gun tip on the needle moves to the test tube placement cavity;

[0016] S04. The sample is sucked by the syringe pump, and a prescribed amount of sample liquid is adsorbed into the inner sampling cavity of the smear gun tip;

[0017] S05. The Z-axis lead screw motor moves the gun tip upward to the upper end of the sampling end cavity, above the height of the cotton swab in the test tube. The X-axis and Y-axis are then shifted to move the smear gun tip above the target smear slide. The Z-axis lead screw motor is then moved downward to the sample point on the slide.

[0018] S06. The syringe pump dispenses a prescribed amount of sample solution from the inner sampling chamber of the smear gun tip. The syringe pump then aspirates the remaining sample solution from the inner sampling chamber of the smear gun tip. The Z-axis lead screw motor then moves downward again to the sample spot on the slide.

[0019] S07. Through eccentric conical motion on the X and Y axes, the sample liquid in the slide is evenly distributed within the set circular size;

[0020] S08. The Z-axis lead screw motor is moved upward, and the X-axis and Y-axis are linked to move the smear gun head to a discard position, thereby discarding the smear gun head.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The test tube placement cavity and the gun tip placement cavity of the composite test tube rack of the present invention rationally utilize the shape and structure of the test tube and the gun tip, and arrange the spatial structure of the two without significantly increasing the area of the test tube rack; the limited space of the test tube rack is utilized to the maximum extent, reducing the waste of the test tube rack space; the gun tip box is moved from the equipment to the test tube rack, reducing the structure of the equipment and the occupied area;

[0023] 2. The inner sampling cavity and outer smear cavity of the smear gun head combine the functions of sampling and smearing. After sampling, the sample liquid is discharged onto the glass slide through the inner sampling cavity, and the outer smear cavity immediately begins to smear evenly. This simplifies the process of discarding the sampling gun head after spotting and replacing the sampling gun head for smearing, or setting up a dedicated smearing mechanism for smearing, thus reducing the time taken from spotting to smearing.

[0024] 3. The present invention places the gun tip on a test tube rack, thereby eliminating the specific gun tip box component in the device that requires mechanical and electronic drive, simplifying the internal structure of the device and reducing equipment costs and failure rates;

[0025] 4. The configuration of the smear gun tip of the present invention, with the inner sampling cavity for sampling and the outer smear cavity for smearing, integrates the originally separate structures and actions, thereby eliminating the need for multiple gun tip actions and the need for multiple gun tips to achieve the sample spotting and smearing steps;

[0026] 5. The unique shape of the test tube rack has an error-proofing effect, so that when the test tube is placed in the test tube rack or the test tube rack is placed in the equipment, there will be no equipment detection abnormality due to the wrong direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the test tube rack and smear gun head structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the test tube rack of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a top view of the test tube rack of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the test tube placement cavity of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the gun head placement cavity of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smear gun tip of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the smear gun tip of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sampling device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of applying the sample solution of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sample delivery mechanism of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1-test tube; 2-test tube rack; 21-test tube placement cavity; 22-gun tip placement cavity; 23-anti-error limit groove; 24-hemispherical positioning hole; 25-lateral movement limit avoidance groove; 211-sampling end cavity; 212-mixing end cavity; 213-code scanning window; 214-property identification window; 221-guide cavity; 222-gun tip placement step; 223-gun tip front end avoidance cavity; 3-smear gun tip; 31-needle rod sleeve opening; 32-step edge; 33-guide wing; 34-external smear cavity; 35-internal sampling cavity; 4-three-axis robotic arm; 431-needle rod; 432-screw motor; 5-sample delivery mechanism; 51-cache area; 52-anti-falling strip; 6-glass slide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1-10 As shown, the present invention discloses a specimen smear device, including a sampling device, a test tube rack 2 and a smear gun head 3. The test tube rack 2 and the smear gun head 3 are arranged on one side of the sampling device. The sampling device includes a needle rod 431, a three-axis robotic arm 4, a sample feeding mechanism 5, and a slide placement mechanism. The needle rod 431 is arranged on the three-axis robotic arm 4, the slide placement mechanism is arranged below the three-axis robotic arm, the sample feeding mechanism 5 is arranged below the slide placement mechanism, and a syringe pump is provided on the three-axis robotic arm 4, which is connected to the needle rod 431.

[0042] The top of the test tube rack 2 is alternately provided with a test tube placement cavity 21 and a gun tip placement cavity 22. The front end of the test tube placement cavity 21 is provided with a sampling end cavity 211, and the rear end of the gun tip placement cavity 22 is provided with a mixing end cavity 212. The front end surface of the sampling end cavity 211 is provided with a code scanning window 213 to facilitate the scanning and confirmation of the test tube, and the rear end surface of the mixing end cavity 212 is provided with a property identification window 214. The gun tip placement cavity 22 is provided with a guide cavity 221, a gun tip placement step 222 that matches the step edge, and a gun tip placement step 223 from top to bottom. The front end avoids the cavity 223, and the bottom end of the test tube rack 2 is provided with an anti-error limit groove 23, a hemispherical positioning hole 24 and a transverse movement limit avoidance groove 25. The anti-error limit groove 23 is arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom end of the test tube rack, the hemispherical positioning holes 24 are evenly arranged on the front end surface of the bottom end of the test tube rack, and the transverse movement limit avoidance groove 25 is arranged at the center position of the bottom surface of the test tube rack. The sample feeding mechanism 5 is provided with an anti-falling strip 52 that cooperates with the anti-error limit groove 23 and a guide bead that cooperates with the transverse movement limit avoidance groove 25. The guide bead limits the transverse movement of the test tube rack 2.

[0043] The smear gun tip 3 is arranged in the gun tip placement cavity 22. The smear gun tip 3 includes a gun tip body, which is conical. A guide wing 33 is provided on the outside of the gun tip body, and the guide wing 33 can cooperate with the guide cavity 221. A step edge 32 is provided at the junction of the guide wing 33 and the gun tip body. A needle rod sleeve opening 31 is provided at the top of the gun tip body, and two sealing rings that cooperate with the needle rod sleeve opening 31 are provided on the needle rod 431, which can ensure that the gun rod 431 and the smear gun tip 3 are completely sealed. An outer smear cavity 34 is provided at the bottom end of the gun tip body, and an inner sampling cavity 35 is provided inside the outer smear cavity 34. The inner sampling cavity 35 is communicated with the gun tip body.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This embodiment discloses a smearing method according to the sample smearing device in embodiment 1, comprising:

[0046] S01. By the displacement of the X-axis and Y-axis of the three-axis manipulator 4, the needle 431 is moved to the top of the gun tip placement cavity 22 of the test tube rack 2, and the needle 431 is moved down to the gun tip placement cavity 22 to take the smear gun tip 3 position by the Z-axis screw motor 432;

[0047] S02. The smear gun tip 3 is combined with the lower end of the needle rod 431 by the downward force, and the Z-axis screw motor 432 moves the gun tip upward to the upper end of the gun tip placement cavity 22, which is higher than the height of the cotton swab in the test tube. The smear gun tip 3 is moved to the sampling end cavity 211 position of the test tube rack 2 by displacement along the X and Y axes;

[0048] S03. The Z-axis screw motor 432 moves downward, and the needle 431 on the smear gun head 3 moves to the test tube placement chamber 21;

[0049] S04. The sample is sucked by the syringe pump, and the smear gun tip 3 absorbs a predetermined amount of sample liquid within the sampling cavity 35;

[0050] S05. The Z-axis screw motor 432 moves the gun tip upward to the upper end of the sampling end cavity 211, which is higher than the height of the cotton swab in the test tube. The X-axis and Y-axis displacements move the smear gun tip 3 to the top of the target smear slide 6. The Z-axis screw motor 432 moves downward to move the needle rod down to the sample point on the slide 6.

[0051] S06. The syringe pump discharges the sample, and the inner sampling cavity of the smear gun tip 3 discharges a predetermined amount of sample liquid. The syringe pump sucks back the sample liquid remaining in the inner sampling cavity of the smear gun tip 3, and the Z-axis screw motor 432 moves down again to the sample point of the slide 6;

[0052] S07. Through the eccentric conical motion of the X-axis and Y-axis, the sample liquid within the slide 6 is evenly distributed within the set circular size;

[0053] S08. The Z-axis lead screw motor 432 is moved upward, and the X-axis and Y-axis are linked to move the smear gun head 3 to the discard position, and the smear gun head 3 is discarded.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A specimen smear device, characterized in that: The smear gun head comprises a test tube rack and a smear gun head, the top of the test tube rack is alternately provided with a test tube placement cavity and a gun head placement cavity, the bottom end of the test tube rack is provided with an anti-error limit groove, a hemispherical positioning hole and a transverse limit avoidance groove, the anti-error limit groove is arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom end of the test tube rack, the hemispherical positioning holes are evenly arranged on the front end surface of the bottom end of the test tube rack, the transverse limit avoidance groove is arranged at the center position of the bottom surface of the test tube rack, the smear gun head is arranged in the gun head placement cavity, the smear gun head comprises a gun head body, the gun head body is conical, the outer side of the gun head body is provided with a guide wing, the junction of the guide wing and the gun head body is provided with a step edge, the top end of the interior of the gun head body is provided with a needle rod sleeve port, the bottom end of the interior of the gun head body is provided with an outer smear cavity, the interior of the outer smear cavity is provided with an inner sampling cavity, and the inner sampling cavity is communicated with the gun head body; The front end of the test tube placement cavity is provided with a sampling end cavity, and the rear end of the gun tip placement cavity is provided with a mixing end cavity; The gun head placement cavity is sequentially provided with a guide cavity matched with the guide wing, a gun head placement step matched with the step edge, and a gun head front end avoidance cavity from top to bottom.

2. A specimen smear device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end surface of the sampling end cavity is provided with a code scanning window, and the rear end surface of the mixing end cavity is provided with a property identification window.

3. A specimen smear device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sampling device, which includes a needle bar, a three-axis robotic arm, a sample delivery mechanism and a slide placement mechanism. The needle bar is arranged on the three-axis robotic arm, the slide placement mechanism is arranged below the three-axis robotic arm, and the sample delivery mechanism is arranged below the slide placement mechanism.

4. A specimen smear device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The needle rod is provided with two sealing rings which match with the needle rod sleeve opening.

5. A specimen smear device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-axis robotic arm is provided with a syringe pump, which is connected to the needle rod.

6. A specimen smear device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sample feeding mechanism is provided with an anti-falling strip matched with the anti-error limiting groove and a guide bead matched with the transverse movement limiting avoiding groove.

7. A smearing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S01. The three-axis robot moves the needle to the top of the test tube rack gun tip placement cavity by moving the X-axis and Y-axis. The Z-axis lead screw motor moves the needle down to the gun tip placement cavity to position the smear gun tip. S02. The smear gun tip engages the lower end of the needle rod through downward force, and the Z-axis lead screw motor moves the gun tip upward to the upper end of the gun tip placement chamber, above the height of the cotton swab in the test tube. The smear gun tip is then moved to the sampling end chamber position of the test tube rack through displacement along the X and Y axes. S03. The Z-axis lead screw motor moves downward, and the smear gun tip on the needle moves to the test tube placement cavity; S04. The sample is sucked by the syringe pump, and a prescribed amount of sample liquid is adsorbed into the inner sampling cavity of the smear gun tip; S05. The Z-axis lead screw motor moves the gun tip upward to the upper end of the sampling end cavity, above the height of the cotton swab in the test tube. The X-axis and Y-axis are then shifted to move the smear gun tip above the target smear slide. The Z-axis lead screw motor is then moved downward to the sample point on the slide. S06. The syringe pump dispenses a prescribed amount of sample solution from the inner sampling chamber of the smear gun tip. The syringe pump then aspirates the remaining sample solution from the inner sampling chamber of the smear gun tip. The Z-axis lead screw motor then moves downward again to the sample spot on the slide. S07. Through eccentric conical motion on the X and Y axes, the sample liquid in the slide is evenly distributed within the set circular size; S08. The Z-axis lead screw motor is moved upward, and the X-axis and Y-axis are linked to move the smear gun head to a discard position, thereby discarding the smear gun head.

Images