Puncture apparatus, gas-liquid back-suction device and laparoscopic surgery system

Abstract

This invention provides a puncture instrument, a gas-liquid aspiration device, and a laparoscopic surgical system. The instrument includes a puncture device, a tubular assembly, and a sealing body. The puncture device has a first instrument channel, and the tubular assembly has a second instrument channel. The first and second instrument channels are connected and used for inserting surgical instruments, with the proximal end of the first instrument channel sealed to the surgical instruments. The tubular assembly is movable along the axial direction of the puncture device, allowing the second instrument channel to extend beyond or retract within the range of the first instrument channel. The sealing body is disposed within the second instrument channel and seals or opens the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instruments. The channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body can be inflated or deflated. This invention integrates the gas-liquid aspiration function into the puncture device. Compared to the prior art, which requires an additional puncture hole for gas-liquid aspiration, this invention reduces the number of puncture holes required, thus reducing the number of wounds for the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a puncture instrument, a gas-liquid aspiration device, and a laparoscopic surgical system. Background Technology

[0002] The emergence of surgical robots aligns with the development trend of precision surgery. Surgical robots have become powerful tools to assist doctors in performing surgeries. For example, the da Vinci surgical robot is already in use in major hospitals worldwide, bringing benefits to patients due to its minimally invasive nature, less bleeding, and faster recovery.

[0003] Surgical robots are designed to perform complex surgeries with minimally invasive techniques and precision. Recognizing the limitations of traditional surgery, surgical robots have been developed to replace it. They overcome the limitations of the human eye, employing 3D imaging technology to present internal organs more clearly to the operator. In areas previously inaccessible by hand, the surgical arms can rotate, move, swing, and grasp 360 degrees, avoiding tremors. Smaller incisions, less bleeding, and faster recovery significantly shorten postoperative hospital stays, and postoperative survival and recovery rates are also significantly improved. These advancements have made them popular with both doctors and patients, and they are now widely used in various clinical surgeries as a high-end medical device.

[0004] Similar to traditional laparoscopic surgery, this procedure requires the use of a pneumoperitoneum machine to create pneumoperitoneum in the patient's abdominal cavity. This increases the volume of the abdominal cavity and separates the abdominal wall from the tissues to be operated on, providing the necessary space for the surgical procedure. The trocar, a crucial instrument for creating pneumoperitoneum and ensuring surgical instruments can access the lesion, plays a vital role in robotic surgery. The trocar makes a hole in the patient's abdomen, and through its instrument channel, surgical instruments, endoscopes, and catheters are inserted into the patient's body.

[0005] Currently, during surgery, if the surgeon observes that the amount of blood or urine flowing out of the patient's body is affecting the operation, the surgeon needs to inform the assistant surgeon to insert a suction device into the patient's body through the puncture hole in the patient's abdomen to suction out the excess fluid; when the patient's abdominal cavity is filled with gas, the endoscope lens will fog up. At this time, the surgeon needs to stop the operation and inform the assistant surgeon to remove the endoscope and clean it with saline.

[0006] Based on this, it can be concluded that the current surgical procedure has at least the following defects:

[0007] (1) It is necessary to use a trocar to make an extra puncture hole in the patient's abdominal cavity for the suction device to be inserted and extended, which increases the surgical work and adds an extra wound to the patient;

[0008] (2) A large amount of fluid (blood or urine) that occurs during the operation requires the assistance of the assistant doctor to drain the fluid from the patient's body, which increases the additional human resources and is not conducive to improving the efficiency of the operation.

[0009] (3) The axial length of the instrument channel of the existing puncture device cannot be freely adjusted to adapt to the surgical scenario, and there is currently no solution in the existing technology to use the instrument channel of the puncture device to assist in aspiration of liquid. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention provides a puncture instrument, a gas-liquid aspiration device, and a laparoscopic surgical system. The purpose is to integrate the gas-liquid aspiration function into the puncture instrument, thereby reducing the number of puncture holes in the patient's abdominal cavity and simplifying the gas-liquid aspiration operation.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, based on one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a puncture instrument, which includes a puncture device, a tube assembly, and a sealing body;

[0012] The trocar has an axially penetrating first instrument channel, and the tube assembly has a second instrument channel penetrating along the axial direction of the trocar. The first instrument channel and the second instrument channel are connected and used for the insertion of surgical instruments, and the proximal end of the first instrument channel is sealed to the surgical instruments along the radial direction of the trocar.

[0013] The tube assembly is used to move along the axial direction of the trocar, such that the second instrument channel extends beyond the range of the first instrument channel in a proximal-to-distal direction or retracts within the range of the first instrument channel in a distal-to-proximal direction.

[0014] The sealing body is disposed within the second instrument channel and is used to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument radially along the trocar; the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body is used to be inflated or deflated in the direction from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0015] Optionally, the tube assembly includes at least one cannula, and the second instrument channel is configured as the inner cavity of the cannula; wherein, when the number of cannulas is at least two, the at least two cannulas are coaxial along the axial direction of the trocar and arranged sequentially, and one of two adjacent cannulas is movably inserted into the other, and the sealing body is provided in the cannula located at the distal end of the tube assembly.

[0016] Optionally, at least two of the cannulas, arranged sequentially from proximal to distal, are arranged radially inward along the trocar.

[0017] Optionally, the puncture instrument includes a limiting structure, through which two adjacent cannulas are connected, and the limiting structure is used to limit the axial relative movement range of the two adjacent cannulas.

[0018] Optionally, the limiting structure includes a first annular portion and a second annular portion; in two adjacent cannulas, the proximal end of the cannulas located radially inner has a first annular portion, which protrudes outward along the radial direction of the trocar; the distal end of the cannulas located radially outer has a second annular portion, which protrudes inward along the radial direction of the trocar; the first annular portion and the second annular portion are used to adapt and abut against each other along the axial direction of the trocar.

[0019] Optionally, the distal end of the tube assembly is provided with a plurality of suction holes communicating with the second instrument channel.

[0020] Optionally, the sealing body is annular, and the axial direction of the sealing body is parallel to the axial direction of the trocar. The sealing body is used for the insertion of surgical instruments, and the sealing body is used to expand or contract radially to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument.

[0021] Optionally, the sealing body is externally connected to a gas filling module via at least one first conduit; the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body is externally connected to the gas filling module via at least one second conduit.

[0022] Optionally, the first conduit is housed within the second conduit.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a gas-liquid reabsorption device, which includes a puncture instrument and a gas filling / extraction module as described above, wherein the gas filling / extraction module is used to fill or defill the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body; the gas-liquid reabsorption device has a first working state and a second working state.

[0024] The first working state is configured such that the sealing body seals the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument, the gas pumping module inflates to move the tube assembly relative to the trocar, so that the second instrument channel extends beyond the range of the first instrument channel, and then the sealing body opens the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument and the gas pumping module deflates.

[0025] The second operating state is configured such that the sealing body seals the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument, and the gas pumping module pumps air to move the tube assembly relative to the trocar, causing the second instrument channel to retract within the range of the first instrument channel.

[0026] Optionally, the gas-liquid backflow device includes a controller, which is triggered to control the sealing body to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument, and to control the gas filling module to fill or defill, thereby controlling the gas-liquid backflow device to be in the first working state or the second working state; the controller is configured to determine whether to be triggered based on preset surgical conditions.

[0027] Optionally, the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body is externally connected to the gas aspiration module via at least one second conduit; the preset surgical conditions include at least one of the endoscope's mirror visibility and the fluid flow rate value in the second conduit.

[0028] Optionally, when the visibility of the endoscope is less than or equal to a first threshold, or when the liquid flow rate in the second pipeline is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the controller is triggered to control the gas-liquid reabsorption device to operate in the first working state.

[0029] When the visibility of the endoscope is greater than a first threshold, or when the liquid flow rate in the second pipeline is less than a second threshold, the controller is triggered to control the gas-liquid reabsorption device to operate in the second working state.

[0030] Optionally, the gas-liquid recirculation device includes a flow sensor that is communicatively connected to the controller. The flow sensor is located in the second pipeline and is used to detect the liquid flow rate in the second pipeline and compare the liquid flow rate with the second threshold in real time. When the flow sensor detects that the liquid flow rate is less than the second threshold, it triggers the controller to control the gas-liquid recirculation device to operate in the second working state.

[0031] Optionally, the gas-liquid backflow device further includes a reservoir, which communicates with the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body.

[0032] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a laparoscopic surgical system, which includes a gas-liquid aspiration device and surgical instruments as described above, wherein the surgical instruments pass through the first instrument channel and the second instrument channel.

[0033] In summary, in the puncture instrument, pneumatic-hydraulic breathing device, and laparoscopic surgical system provided by the present invention, the puncture instrument includes a puncture device, a tubular assembly, and a sealing body; the puncture device has a first instrument channel that extends axially, and the tubular assembly has a second instrument channel that extends axially along the puncture device. The first and second instrument channels are connected and used for inserting surgical instruments, and the proximal end of the first instrument channel is sealed to the surgical instrument along the radial direction of the puncture device; the tubular assembly is used to move axially along the puncture device so that the second instrument channel extends beyond the range of the first instrument channel in the proximal-to-distal direction or retracts into the range of the first instrument channel in the distal-to-proximal direction; wherein, the sealing body is disposed in the second instrument channel and is used to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument in the radial direction of the puncture device; the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body is used to be inflated in the proximal-to-distal direction or deflated in the distal-to-proximal direction.

[0034] Firstly, the controllable tube assembly will not move relative to the trocar, and the second instrument channel is located within the range of the second instrument channel, thereby allowing the trocar to be inserted into the patient's body.

[0035] Secondly, the sealing body controls the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument, so that the channel space between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body is closed. Inflating the channel space can cause the tube assembly to move relative to the trocar, thereby causing the second instrument channel to extend beyond the range of the first instrument channel. Then, the sealing body is controlled to open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument and to evacuate the channel space, so that excess gas and fluid during the operation can be guided and aspirated from the patient's body in sequence through the second instrument channel, the gap opened by the sealing body, and the first instrument channel.

[0036] Thirdly, after the gas-liquid aspiration is completed, the control seal seals the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument. The air extraction into the channel space can cause the tube assembly to move relative to the trocar, thereby causing the second instrument channel to retract within the range of the first instrument channel.

[0037] The puncture instrument of this invention integrates gas-liquid aspiration function onto the puncture device by incorporating a tubular assembly and a sealing body, simplifying the overall structure. Compared to existing technologies that require an additional puncture hole for gas-liquid aspiration, this invention reduces the number of puncture holes, minimizing patient wounds and lowering surgical difficulty. Furthermore, the way the tubular assembly and sealing body work together allows the second instrument channel to extend or retract relative to the first instrument channel, enabling free adjustment of the axial dimensions of the entire puncture instrument channel. This adapts to a wider range of surgical scenarios and overcomes the limitation of existing technologies that cannot utilize the puncture device's own channel for fluid aspiration.

[0038] It should be noted that the gas-liquid back-suction device of the present invention has the aforementioned puncture instrument, and therefore also has the beneficial technical effects brought by the aforementioned puncture instrument, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are provided to better understand the invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the invention. Wherein:

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application scenario of the laparoscopic surgical system involved in this invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario involving air-fluid respiration in a laparoscopic surgical system in the prior art;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a puncture instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of a puncture instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a disassembled diagram of a puncture instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A;

[0046] Figure 7 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a puncture instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of section B;

[0048] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of section C;

[0049] Figure 10 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of section D in the middle;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a gas-liquid reabsorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 12 This is another schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the gas-liquid reabsorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating the activation of a gas-liquid respiration device according to an embodiment of the present invention by the patient.

[0053] Figure 14This is another flowchart illustrating the activation of the gas-liquid reabsorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention by the surgeon;

[0054] Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating the automatic stop of a gas-liquid reabsorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 16 This is a flowchart illustrating how the gas-liquid respiration device of an embodiment of the present invention is actively stopped by the surgeon. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, advantages, and features of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not drawn to scale, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the explanation of the embodiments of this invention. Furthermore, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of the actual structures. In particular, different figures may emphasize different aspects and may sometimes use different scales.

[0057] As used in this invention, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural objects; the term “or” is generally used to mean “and / or”; the term “a number” is generally used to mean “at least one”; and the term “at least two” is generally used to mean “two or more”. Furthermore, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first,” “second,” or “third” may explicitly or implicitly include one or at least two of that feature. “One end” and “the other end,” as well as “proximal end” and “distal end,” generally refer to two corresponding parts, including not only endpoints. The terms “installed,” “connected,” and “joined” should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or a connection within two elements or an interaction between two elements. Furthermore, as used in this invention, the phrase "one element is disposed on another element" generally only indicates that there is a connection, coupling, cooperation, or transmission relationship between the two elements, and the connection, coupling, cooperation, or transmission between the two elements can be direct or indirect through an intermediate element. It should not be construed as indicating or implying a spatial positional relationship between the two elements, i.e., one element can be located arbitrarily inside, outside, above, below, or to one side of the other element, unless otherwise explicitly stated. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the laparoscopic surgical system involved in this invention. (For example...) Figure 1 As shown, the laparoscopic surgery system includes a master-slave teleoperated surgical robot. Specifically, the laparoscopic surgery system includes a master control unit 100 (i.e., the doctor's control device), a slave control unit 200 (i.e., the patient's control device), a main controller, and a support device 400 (e.g., an operating table) for supporting the surgical object during surgery. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the support device 400 may be replaced with other surgical operating platforms; this invention is not limited to this.

[0059] The main control terminal 100 is the operating terminal of the teleoperated surgical robot and includes a main manipulator 101 mounted thereon. The main manipulator 101 receives hand movement information from the operator as motion control signal input for the entire system. Optionally, the main controller is also located on the main control terminal 100. Preferably, the main control terminal 100 further includes an imaging device 102, which provides the operator with stereoscopic images and surgical field images for surgical operations. The surgical field images include the type and quantity of surgical instruments, their position in the abdomen, and the morphology and arrangement of the patient's organs and surrounding organs and blood vessels. Optionally, the main control terminal 100 also includes a foot-operated surgical control device 103, through which the operator can input related operational commands such as electrocautery and electrocoagulation.

[0060] The slave end 200 is the specific execution platform for the remotely operated surgical robot, and includes a base 201 and surgical execution components mounted thereon. The surgical execution components include an instrument arm 210 and instruments, the instruments being mounted or connected to the end of the instrument arm 210. Further, the instruments include surgical instruments 221 for performing specific surgical operations (such as a puncture device for drilling, a high-frequency electrosurgical unit, etc., which are not limited in this invention) and endoscopes 222 for assisting observation, etc.

[0061] In one embodiment, the instrument arm 210 includes an adjustment arm and a working arm. The working arm is a mechanical fixed-point mechanism used to drive the instrument to move around the mechanical fixed point to perform minimally invasive surgical treatment or imaging operations on the patient 410 on the support device 400. The adjustment arm is used to adjust the position and orientation of the mechanical fixed point in the workspace. In another embodiment, the instrument arm 210 is a mechanism with at least six degrees of freedom in a spatial configuration used to drive the surgical instrument 221 to actively move around a mechanical fixed point under program control. The surgical instrument 221 is used to perform specific surgical operations, such as clamping, cutting, scissing, puncture, etc. It should be noted that, since the surgical instrument 221 and endoscope 222 have a certain volume in practice, the above-mentioned "fixed point" should be understood as a stationary region. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand the "fixed point" according to the prior art.

[0062] The main controller is communicatively connected to both the master control terminal 100 and the slave terminal 200. It controls the movement of the surgical execution component based on the movement of the master manipulator 101. Specifically, the main controller includes a master-slave mapping module. This module acquires the end effector pose of the master manipulator 101 and a predetermined master-slave mapping relationship to obtain the desired end effector pose of the surgical execution component, thereby controlling the instrument arm 210 to drive the instrument to the desired end effector pose. Furthermore, the master-slave mapping module also receives instrument function operation commands (such as electrocautery, electrocoagulation, etc.) and controls the energy driver of the surgical instrument 221 to release energy for electrocautery, electrocoagulation, and other surgical operations. In some embodiments, the main controller also receives force information received by the surgical execution component (e.g., the force information of human tissues and organs on the surgical instrument) and feeds this force information back to the master manipulator 101, allowing the operator to more intuitively feel the feedback force of the surgical operation.

[0063] Furthermore, the medical robot system also includes an image cart 300. The image cart 300 includes an image processing unit (not shown) communicatively connected to the endoscope 222. The endoscope 222 is used to acquire surgical field images within the cavity (referring to the patient's body cavity). The image processing unit is used to perform image processing on the surgical field images acquired by the endoscope 222 and transmit them to the imaging device 102 so that the operator can observe the surgical field images. Optionally, the image cart 300 also includes a display device 302. The display device 302 is communicatively connected to the image processing unit and is used to provide the operator (e.g., a nurse) with real-time display of the surgical field images or other auxiliary display information.

[0064] Optionally, in some surgical applications, the surgical robot system may also include auxiliary components such as a ventilator and anesthesia machine 500, and an instrument table 600, for use during surgery. Those skilled in the art can select and configure these auxiliary components according to existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0065] It should be noted that the laparoscopic surgical system disclosed in the above examples is only an example of an application scenario and not a limitation on the application scenario of the laparoscopic surgical system. The laparoscopic surgical system is not limited to a master-slave teleoperated surgical robot, but can also be a single-end surgical robot system in which the operator directly operates the surgical robot to perform surgery. This invention is not limited to this.

[0066] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario involving air-liquid respiration in a laparoscopic surgical system in the prior art. Figure 2This demonstrates a spatial scenario for laparoscopic surgery. During the procedure, the instrument arm 210 manipulates multiple trocars to create 3-4 surgical holes in the patient's abdomen. The trocars have instrument channels that allow other surgical instruments (such as endoscope 222 and drainage tube 700) to enter the patient's body. The endoscope 222 is inserted into the patient's body to observe the surgical progress, such as monitoring the amount of blood and urine output. When the surgeon determines, based on the images from the endoscope 222, that the fluid volume exceeds expectations or the endoscope's clarity is insufficient, they inform the assistant surgeon 800 (or a nurse) to use another trocar's instrument channel and another surgical hole in the patient's abdomen (i.e.,...). Figure 2 The drainage puncture hole 411 shown allows the drainage tube 700 to be inserted into the patient's body, and under the suction provided by the external suction device platform 900, excess body fluid is drained out through the drainage tube 700; when the mirror of the endoscope 222 becomes foggy, the active doctor informs the assistant doctor 800 to remove the endoscope 222 and clean it with saline.

[0067] Current laparoscopic surgical systems require an additional drainage puncture 411 to be made on the patient's body surface (410) using a trocar, allowing a drainage tube (700) to be inserted to aspirate excess fluid. This increases the difficulty of the surgery, places higher demands on surgical safety, and creates an additional wound for the patient (410). Furthermore, the large amounts of fluid (blood or urine) generated during the procedure require additional assistant surgeons (800) to assist in draining the fluid from the patient, thus increasing manpower and hindering surgical efficiency.

[0068] In view of this, one embodiment of the present invention provides a puncture instrument and a gas-liquid aspiration device for use in the above-mentioned laparoscopic surgical system, with the aim of integrating the gas-liquid aspiration function into the puncture instrument, thereby reducing the number of puncture holes in the patient's abdominal cavity and simplifying the gas-liquid aspiration operation.

[0069] The following is a detailed description of the puncture instrument and gas-liquid aspiration device of this embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] It should be noted that the terms "proximal" and "distal" in this article are defined as follows: "proximal" usually refers to the end of the medical device that is closer to the operator during normal operation, while "distal" usually refers to the end of the medical device that first enters the patient's body during normal operation.

[0071] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a puncture instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of a puncture instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a disassembled diagram of a puncture instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figures 3 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a puncture instrument 10, which includes a puncture device 11, a tube assembly 12, and a sealing body 13. The puncture device 11 has an axially penetrating first instrument channel (i.e., the puncture device 11 has an instrument channel for a surgical instrument 60 to enter the patient 410), and the tube assembly 12 has a second instrument channel penetrating along the axial direction of the puncture device 11. The first instrument channel and the second instrument channel are connected and used for the insertion of the surgical instrument 60. The proximal end of the first instrument channel is sealed to the surgical instrument 60 radially along the puncture device 11, that is, the proximal end of the first instrument channel is tightly fitted to the surgical instrument 60 to prevent blood leakage during puncture and ensure surgical safety. The tube assembly 12 is inserted into the first channel and is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the first channel. The tube assembly 12 is used to move axially along the puncture device 11 so that the second instrument channel extends beyond the range of the first instrument channel in a proximal-to-distal direction. Figure 3 (As shown) or retracted along the direction from distal to proximal within the range of the first instrument channel ( Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, this corresponds to the tube assembly 12 extending beyond or retracting within the range of the first instrument channel. The sealing body 13 is disposed within the second instrument channel and is used to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60 radially along the trocar 11; the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body 13 is used to be inflated or deflated in the direction from the proximal end to the distal end. It should be noted that the trocar 11 in this embodiment has a similar structure and function to a conventional trocar, that is, the trocar 11 is used to make a surgical hole in the patient's abdomen and provide an instrument channel for the relevant surgical instruments 60 (such as endoscope 222, etc.) to enter the patient 410.

[0072] Understandably, regarding the movement of the tube assembly 12 relative to the trocar 11 along the axial direction of the trocar 11, specifically, it can be achieved by directly applying an external force to the tube assembly 12, thereby driving the tube assembly 12 to move, and thus causing the second instrument channel to extend within or outside the range of the first instrument channel. Considering that the trocar 10 in this embodiment needs to enter the patient's body, the present invention uses the principle of pneumatic drive to drive the tube assembly 12 to move relative to the trocar 11. Specifically, it drives the sealing body 13 to seal the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60. Thus, based on the sealing design between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60, the channel space between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body 13 is closed. Inflating this channel space can cause the tube assembly 12 to move relative to the trocar 11, thereby causing the second instrument channel to extend beyond the range of the first instrument channel. The control seal 13 opens the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60 and evacuates air into the channel space. This allows excess gas and fluid during the operation to be drawn out of the patient's body sequentially through the second instrument channel, the gap opened by the seal 13 (i.e., the gap between the seal 13 and the surgical instrument 60), and the first instrument channel. After the gas and fluid aspiration is completed, the seal 13 is driven to seal the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60. Evacuating air into the channel space allows the tube assembly 12 to move relative to the trocar 11, thereby causing the second instrument channel to retract within the range of the first instrument channel.

[0073] With this configuration, the trocar 11 integrates a tube assembly 12 and a sealing body 13, preventing the tube assembly 12 from moving relative to the trocar 11. The second instrument channel is located within the range of the second instrument channel, allowing the trocar 11 to make a hole in the patient's abdomen and enter the patient's body. When the doctor learns from the images fed back by the endoscope 222 that the patient 410 has a large amount of fluid (blood or urine), or that the endoscope 22 is severely fogged, the tube assembly 12 can be extended beyond the first instrument and... The sealing body 13 opens the gap, thereby drawing out the body fluid and re-absorbing the aerosol from the endoscope's surface, ensuring the clarity of the endoscope and thus ensuring the smooth progress of the surgery. When the doctor understands from the image information fed back by the endoscope 222 that the extra body fluid in the patient 410 has been mostly drained, or when the clarity of the endoscope's surface returns to normal, the sealing body 13 seals the gap, and the drawing out of the air can drive the tube assembly 12 to move and retract into the first instrument channel, thus not affecting the operation of the surgical instrument 60. Compared with the prior art, which requires an additional drainage puncture hole 411 for the drainage tube to be inserted into the patient's body to drain the fluid, this invention integrates the gas-liquid reabsorption function and the puncture function. The tube assembly 12 and the sealing body 13 are punctured into the patient's body together with the trocar 11, eliminating the need for an additional drainage puncture hole, reducing the number of holes during the operation, reducing the patient's wounds, and reducing the difficulty of the operation.

[0074] Regarding the inflation or deflation of the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the seal 13, this embodiment may be configured with a gas inflation / deflation module 20 (see...). Figure 3 The gas pumping module 20 can perform pumping or filling operations, that is, pumping negative or positive pressure into the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body 13. Furthermore, the gas pumping module 20 is connected to the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body 13 via at least one second conduit 52.

[0075] For details regarding the specific method of sealing the proximal end of the first instrument channel with the surgical instrument 60, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 An elastic sealing ring 14 is provided at the proximal end of the first instrument channel. The surgical instrument 60 passes through the elastic sealing ring 14. The elastic properties of the elastic sealing ring 14 allow it to adaptively adjust its size to fit the surgical instrument 60, thereby achieving a good seal between the two instruments.

[0076] For details on the structure of tube assembly 12, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 and Figure 5The tube assembly 12 includes at least one cannula 120, and the second instrument channel is configured as the lumen of the cannula 120. Preferably, when there are at least two cannulas 120, the at least two cannulas 120 are coaxially arranged along the axial direction of the trocar 11 and arranged sequentially, with one of two adjacent cannulas 120 movably inserted into the other. The sealing body 13 is disposed in the cannula 120 located at the distal end of the tube assembly 12, and the two adjacent cannulas 120 are radially sealed. It is understood that when there are multiple cannulas 120, the tube assembly 12 can be considered as a tube with telescopic function, which allows for a larger range of adjustable axial dimensions of the tube assembly 12, and thus a larger range of adjustable axial dimensions of the second instrument channel. Viewed from the proximal end to the distal end, the sealing body 13 is disposed in the cannula 120 located at the distal end, and further, the sealing body 13 is disposed at the proximal end of the cannula 120. The material of the cannula 120 can be, for example, a plastic that is harmless to the patient. Furthermore, the cannula 120 is configured with appropriate softness and hardness to ensure that after it enters the patient's body and extends beyond the trocar 11, it will not collapse or be too stiff to change its navigation direction, thus causing secondary trauma to the patient's internal tissues. Preferably, see [reference needed]. Figure 6 , Figure 6 yes Figure 3 In the enlarged view of part A, the distal end of the tube assembly 12 is provided with a plurality of suction holes 123 that communicate with the second instrument channel. Specifically, from the proximal end to the distal end, the distal end of the sleeve 120 at the farthest end is provided with a plurality of suction holes 123 that penetrate the tube wall, which can improve the gas-liquid suction efficiency.

[0077] For details on the specific structure of seal 13, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 The sealing body 13 is annular, and its axial direction is parallel to that of the trocar 11. The sealing body 13 is used for the insertion of the surgical instrument 60, and it expands or contracts radially to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60. Further, the sealing body 13 can be radially expanded or contracted by inflating or deflating it. For example, the sealing body 13 can be connected to an external gas extraction module 20 via at least one first conduit 51, thereby driving the sealing body 13 to open or seal the gap under the action of gas extraction. During the movement of the sleeve 120, the first conduit 51 will also lengthen or shorten accordingly. In other embodiments, the sealing body 13 can also be externally connected to a device with a similar function to the gas extraction module 20; this invention is not limited to this. Figure 7 This is an axial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 yes Figure 7 See enlarged view of section B. Figure 2 , 37 and Figure 8 Preferably, the first pipe 51 and the second pipe 52 are both connected to the gas pumping module 20, and the first pipe 51 is housed in the second pipe 52.

[0078] See 5 and Figure 7 As a further detail of implementation, the puncture instrument 10 also includes a tubing retainer 16 and a support ring 15. The tubing retainer 16 is located on the outer wall of the puncture instrument 11 and is used to fix the first tubing 51 and the second tubing 52 in position on the puncture instrument 11. Understandably, the tubing retainer 16 has a perforated structure for the second tubing 52 to pass through. The support ring 15 is disposed in the first instrument channel and located proximally to the tubing assembly 12, limiting the range of movement of the tubing assembly 12 proximally. Specifically, the cannula 120 located proximally to the tubing assembly 12 abuts against the support ring 15, thereby restricting its movement.

[0079] Preferably, the tube assembly 12 includes at least two sleeves 120 (e.g., Figure 3 and Figure 5 Demonstrating the use of three cannulas 120, at least two of the cannulas 120, arranged sequentially from proximal to distal, are also arranged radially inward along the trocar 11. Figure 1 For example, the direction from proximal to distal (i.e.) Figure 1 (From top to bottom) The upper cannula 120, the middle cannula 120 and the lower cannula 120 are coaxial and arranged sequentially in the radial direction of the puncture device 11. After the tube assembly 12 extends out, the multiple cannulas 120 are roughly in a stepped shape.

[0080] Furthermore, the puncture instrument 10 includes a limiting structure, through which two adjacent cannulas 120 are connected. The limiting structure is used to restrict the axial relative movement range of the two adjacent cannulas 120. The limiting structure is provided to prevent the two adjacent cannulas 120 from disengaging from each other.

[0081] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of section C, Figure 10 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of section D. For details, please refer to... Figure 9 and Figure 10The limiting structure includes a first annular portion 121 and a second annular portion 122. Of the two adjacent cannulas 120, the proximal end of the radially inner cannulas 120 has a first annular portion 121, which protrudes radially outward along the puncture device 11. The distal end of the radially outer cannulas 120 has a second annular portion 122, which protrudes radially inward along the puncture device 11. The first annular portion 121 and the second annular portion 122 are used to adapt and abut against each other along the axial direction of the puncture device 11. When the radially inner cannulas 120 moves distally, its first annular portion 121 abuts against the second annular portion 122, thus preventing further movement. At this time, the intermediate stretching between the two adjacent cannulas 120 reaches its maximum, and thus each of the two adjacent cannulas 120 exhibits this state, and the axial dimension of the tube assembly 12 reaches its maximum. Understandably, for these sleeves 120 located in the middle of the tube assembly 12, the proximal and distal ends of each individual sleeve 120 are respectively formed with a first annular portion 121 and a second annular portion 122. It should be noted that a structure similar to the limiting structure can also be configured between the first instrument channel and the tube assembly 12 to prevent the tube assembly 12 from disengaging from the first instrument channel distally. For example, a structure similar to the second annular portion 122 can be configured at the distal end of the first instrument channel, and a structure similar to the first annular portion 121 can be configured on the sleeve 120 at the proximal end of the tube assembly 12.

[0082] Based on the aforementioned puncture instrument 10, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a gas-liquid back-suction device, see reference. Figure 4The gas-liquid aspiration device includes a puncture instrument 10 as described above and a gas-injection module 20. The gas-injection module 20 is used to inflate or depressurize the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body 13. The gas-liquid aspiration device has a first operating state and a second operating state. The first operating state is configured such that the sealing body 13 seals the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60, and the gas-injection module 20 inflates to move the tube assembly 12 relative to the puncture instrument 11, causing the second instrument channel to extend beyond the range of the first instrument channel. Subsequently, the sealing body 13 opens the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60, and the gas-injection module 20 depressurizes. The second operating state is configured such that the sealing body 13 seals the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60, and the gas-injection module 20 depressurizes to move the tube assembly 12 relative to the puncture instrument 11, causing the second instrument channel to retract within the range of the first instrument channel. The first and second working states mentioned here can be understood by referring to the previous descriptions of the gas-liquid aspiration process and its completion with the puncture instrument 10, and will not be elaborated further here. Regarding the surgical actions of the puncture instrument 10, these can be specifically achieved by manipulating the instrument arm 210 (…). Figure 2 (As shown) to control.

[0083] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the gas-liquid reabsorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 This is another schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the gas-liquid reabsorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Further, see [reference needed]. Figure 11 and Figure 12 Preferably, the gas-liquid reabsorption device further includes a reservoir 30, which communicates with the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body 13, thereby collecting and recovering the blood or urine aspirated through the guide, preventing contamination of the surgical environment and secondary injury. Furthermore, both the reservoir 30 and the gas pumping module 20 are connected to the second pipeline 52, and the reservoir 30 can also be integrated with the gas pumping module 20. Figure 4 (As shown). In an exemplary embodiment, the gas pumping module 20 may be a peristaltic pump.

[0084] Furthermore, the gas-liquid aspiration device includes a controller, which is triggered to control the sealing body 13 to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument 60, and to control the gas filling module 20 to inflate or de-inflate, thereby controlling the gas-liquid aspiration device to be in the first working state or the second working state; the controller is configured to determine whether to be triggered based on preset surgical conditions. Preferably, the gas filling module 20 is connected to the sealing body 13 via a first conduit 51 and to the inside of the trocar 11 via a second conduit 52, so that the gas-liquid aspiration device can be controlled to operate in the first working state or the second working state simply by controlling the inflation or de-inflation of the gas filling module 20 through the controller. In an exemplary embodiment, the controller may be a stress sensor communicatively connected to the gas filling module 20, triggered by a pressure. Typically, the controller is communicatively connected to the MCU module of the surgical system, and the MCU module is communicatively connected to the gas filling module 20, with the controller issuing commands to the gas filling module 20 through the MCU module. Preferably, the gas filling module 20 is provided with a pressing component 21, which can be pressed by the operator to actively control the gas filling module 20 to start or stop, thereby performing filling, evacuation or no operation.

[0085] The controller can be placed in the operating room near the surgeon (i.e., the surgeon's primary position) for easy operation. Compared to existing technologies where the surgeon needs to verbally instruct the assistant surgeon whether to perform the gas-liquid respiration process, this invention, by adding a controller in conjunction with the gas filling module 20, allows the surgeon to determine whether to activate the trigger controller based on the actual situation. This enables active control of the gas filling module 20's operating status, reducing the number of medical staff required. Furthermore, this method significantly improves gas-liquid respiration efficiency, allowing for rapid gas-liquid respiration with the cooperation of all components, thus greatly saving surgical time compared to existing technologies.

[0086] In this embodiment, the preset surgical conditions include at least one of the endoscope's visibility and the fluid flow rate within the second tubing 52. Specifically, the fluid flow rate is either the blood flow rate or the urine flow rate. Correspondingly, the gas-liquid backflow device includes a flow sensor disposed within the second tubing 52 to detect the fluid flow rate within the second tubing 52, and can also compare the detected fluid flow rate with an internally preset second threshold.

[0087] The preset condition is the visibility of the endoscope. When the visibility of the endoscope is less than or equal to a first threshold, the controller is triggered to control the gas-liquid reabsorption device to operate in the first working state, thereby performing aerosol reabsorption. Specifically, when the doctor observes the surgical field through the endoscope to see if it is clear, if the fogging of the endoscope is severe enough to affect the doctor's field of vision, the controller is triggered to start working, thereby issuing a command to the gas filling module 20 and controlling the working state of the sealing body 13. The gas-liquid reabsorption device operates in the first working state, thereby improving the clarity of the endoscope. Furthermore, after the clarity of the endoscope reaches the requirement (that is, the visibility of the endoscope is greater than the first threshold), the controller is triggered again to issue a command, causing the controller to be triggered to control the gas-liquid reabsorption device to operate in the second working state.

[0088] The preset condition is the liquid flow rate value within the second conduit 52. When the liquid flow rate value within the second conduit 52 is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the controller can be triggered by the doctor to control the operation of the gas filling module 20 and the sealing body 13, so that the gas-liquid respiration device operates in the first working state. When the liquid flow rate value within the second conduit 52 is less than the second threshold, the doctor triggers the controller again to control the operation of the gas filling module 20 and the sealing body 13, so that the gas-liquid respiration device operates in the second working state.

[0089] The gas-liquid reabsorption device of the present invention will be described in detail below through four implementation scenarios.

[0090] For the first implementation scenario, please refer to... Figure 13 And in conjunction with reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating the activation of a gas-liquid respiration device according to an embodiment of the present invention by the surgeon. The endoscope captures images of the patient's body and transmits them via optical fiber to a display device, providing the surgeon with a view. If the surgeon observes a large amount of fluid within the patient's body through the image information, or if the surgeon cannot clearly observe changes in the patient's internal condition through the endoscope (indicating severe fogging of the endoscope), the surgeon triggers a nearby activation controller (e.g., a stress sensor) to transmit a signal to the MCU. The MCU transmits the signal to the host computer 40, which then issues a command to the gas filling module 20, thereby changing the expansion degree of the sealing body 13 and driving the tube assembly 12 to move. Ultimately, the gas-liquid respiration device enters its first working state, thus initiating the respiration process to guide the fluid out of the patient's body or improve the condition of the endoscope.

[0091] For the second implementation scenario, please refer to... Figure 14 And in conjunction with reference Figure 11 , Figure 14 This is another flowchart illustrating the activation of the gas-liquid reabsorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention by the surgeon. The endoscope captures images inside the patient's body 410 and compares the endoscope's visibility with a first threshold based on a preset algorithm in an algorithm module connected externally to the endoscope. If the algorithm module detects that the endoscope's visibility is less than the first threshold, it generates a first prompt signal to alert the surgeon to trigger the controller. Upon receiving the first prompt signal, the surgeon presses the nearest button to activate the controller, transmitting a signal to the MCU. The MCU transmits the signal to the host computer 40, which then sends a command to the gas filling module 20 to change the expansion of the sealing body 13 and drive the tube assembly 12 to move. Ultimately, the gas-liquid reabsorption device enters its first working state, initiating the reabsorption process and improving the endoscope's visibility. The first prompt signal generated by the algorithm module includes, but is not limited to, visual signals (such as color signals, image signals), auditory signals (sound signals), and audiovisual signals (a combination of visual and auditory signals).

[0092] For the third implementation scenario, please refer to... Figure 15 And in conjunction with reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating the automatic stop of a gas-liquid respiration device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flow sensor is configured to control the gas suction module 20 to operate when it detects that the liquid flow rate is less than a second threshold. Ultimately, the gas-liquid respiration device operates in a second working state, and the gas-liquid respiration process ends. Specifically, after respiration is initiated, the flow sensor continuously monitors the liquid flow rate and compares it with the second threshold. When the detected liquid flow rate is less than the second threshold, it indicates that the excess fluid in the patient's body has been largely respired and will not affect the progress of subsequent surgery. At this point, the flow sensor directly sends a signal to control the gas suction module 20 to operate, thereby stopping the respiration process. In this way, the flow sensor can directly control the stopping of the entire respiration process, achieving automatic stopping of the respiration process without requiring the operator to actively stop the respiration process by pressing the controller. This eliminates the need for human intervention and further improves the safety of the surgery.

[0093] Of course, in some other embodiments, the flow sensor may not directly control the gas filling module 20 to stop the gas-liquid reabsorption process. Specifically, when the flow sensor detects that the liquid flow rate is less than a second threshold, the flow sensor can generate a second prompt signal. After receiving the second prompt signal, the operator presses the trigger controller nearby to control the gas filling module 20 to work, thereby stopping the reabsorption process. The second prompt signal of the flow sensor includes, but is not limited to, visual signals (such as color signals, image signals), auditory signals (sound signals), and audiovisual signals (a combination of visual and auditory signals).

[0094] For the fourth implementation scenario, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 16 And in conjunction with reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 16 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of a gas-liquid respiration device being actively stopped by the operator according to an embodiment of the present invention. After the respiration process is initiated, the endoscope captures images of the patient's body 410 and transmits them to a display device via optical fiber, providing the operator with a visual view. If the operator can clearly observe changes in the patient's internal condition through the endoscope (indicating that the fogging of the endoscope surface has been improved and the clarity of the endoscope surface has been restored), the operator triggers the start controller (e.g., a stress sensor, where the pressure applied to the stress sensor is greater than that applied when the respiration process is initiated) to transmit a signal to the MCU. The MCU transmits the signal to the host computer 40, which then issues a command to the gas pumping module 20 to activate. Ultimately, the gas-liquid respiration device operates in the second working state, thereby stopping the respiration process.

[0095] Based on the aforementioned gas-liquid retraction device, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a laparoscopic surgical system, which includes the gas-liquid retraction device and surgical instruments 60 as described above, wherein the surgical instruments 60 pass through the first instrument channel and the second instrument channel. It should be noted that the laparoscopic surgical system includes the aforementioned gas-liquid retraction device; therefore, the laparoscopic surgical system of this embodiment also possesses the beneficial effects brought by the aforementioned gas-liquid retraction device. For other structural devices of the laparoscopic surgical system, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 And as mentioned above, further explanation is needed here.

[0096] The above description is only a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A puncturing instrument, characterized by, Includes the puncture device, tube assembly, and seal; The trocar has an axially penetrating first instrument channel, and the tube assembly has a second instrument channel penetrating along the axial direction of the trocar. The first instrument channel and the second instrument channel are connected and used for the insertion of surgical instruments, and the proximal end of the first instrument channel is sealed to the surgical instruments along the radial direction of the trocar. The tube assembly is used to move along the axial direction of the trocar, such that the second instrument channel extends beyond the range of the first instrument channel in a proximal-to-distal direction or retracts within the range of the first instrument channel in a distal-to-proximal direction. The sealing body is disposed within the second instrument channel and is used to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument radially along the trocar; the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body is used to be inflated or deflated in the direction from the proximal end to the distal end.

2. The puncturing instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that The tube assembly includes at least one cannula, and the second instrument channel is configured as the inner cavity of the cannula; wherein, when the number of cannulas is at least two, the at least two cannulas are coaxial along the axial direction of the trocar and arranged sequentially, and one of the two adjacent cannulas is movably inserted into the other, and the sealing body is provided in the cannula located at the distal end of the tube assembly.

3. The puncturing instrument according to claim 2, wherein At least two of the cannulas, arranged sequentially from proximal to distal, are arranged radially inward along the trocar.

4. The puncturing instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that The puncture instrument includes a limiting structure, through which two adjacent cannulas are connected. The limiting structure is used to restrict the axial relative movement range of the two adjacent cannulas.

5. The puncturing instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that The limiting structure includes a first annular portion and a second annular portion; in two adjacent cannulas, the proximal end of the cannulas located on the radially inner side has a first annular portion, and the first annular portion protrudes outward along the radial direction of the puncture device; The distal end of the cannula located on the radial outer side has a second annular portion that protrudes radially inward along the trocar; the first annular portion and the second annular portion are adapted to abut against each other along the axial direction of the trocar.

6. The puncturing instrument according to claim 1, wherein The distal end of the tube assembly is provided with multiple suction holes that communicate with the second instrument channel.

7. The puncturing instrument according to claim 1, wherein The sealing body is annular, and the axis of the sealing body is parallel to the axis of the trocar. The sealing body is used for the insertion of surgical instruments, and the sealing body is used to expand or contract radially to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument.

8. The puncturing instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that The sealing body is connected to a gas filling module via at least one first conduit; the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body is connected to the gas filling module via at least one second conduit.

9. The puncturing instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that The first conduit is housed within the second conduit.

10. A gas-liquid reabsorption device, characterized by, Includes a puncture instrument and a gas filling / exhausting module according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the gas filling / exhausting module is used to fill or exhaust gas into the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body; the gas-liquid backflow device has a first working state and a second working state. The first working state is configured such that the sealing body seals the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument, the gas pumping module inflates to move the tube assembly relative to the trocar, so that the second instrument channel extends beyond the range of the first instrument channel, and then the sealing body opens the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument and the gas pumping module deflates. The second operating state is configured such that the sealing body seals the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument, and the gas pumping module pumps air to move the tube assembly relative to the trocar, causing the second instrument channel to retract within the range of the first instrument channel.

11. The gas-liquid reabsorption apparatus according to claim 10, wherein The gas-liquid backflow device includes a controller, which is triggered to control the sealing body to seal or open the gap between the second instrument channel and the surgical instrument, and to control the gas filling module to fill or defill, thereby controlling the gas-liquid backflow device to be in the first working state or the second working state; the controller is configured to determine whether to be triggered according to preset surgical conditions.

12. The gas-liquid reabsorption device according to claim 11, wherein The channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body is externally connected to the gas filling module through at least one second tube; the preset surgical conditions include at least one of the endoscope's mirror visibility and the fluid flow rate value in the second tube.

13. The gas-liquid reabsorption apparatus according to claim 12, wherein When the visibility of the endoscope is less than or equal to a first threshold, or when the liquid flow rate in the second pipeline is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the controller is triggered to control the gas-liquid reabsorption device to operate in the first working state. When the visibility of the endoscope is greater than a first threshold, or when the liquid flow rate in the second pipeline is less than a second threshold, the controller is triggered to control the gas-liquid reabsorption device to operate in the second working state.

14. The gas-liquid reabsorption apparatus according to claim 13, wherein The gas-liquid recirculation device includes a flow sensor that is communicatively connected to the controller. The flow sensor is located in the second pipeline and is used to detect the liquid flow rate in the second pipeline and compare the liquid flow rate with the second threshold in real time. When the flow sensor detects that the liquid flow rate is less than the second threshold, it triggers the controller to control the gas-liquid recirculation device to operate in the second working state.

15. The gas-liquid back-scrubber of claim 10, wherein, The gas-liquid backflow device further includes a liquid reservoir, which communicates with the channel space defined between the proximal end of the first instrument channel and the sealing body.

16. A laparoscopic surgical system comprising: The device includes a gas-liquid reabsorption device and a surgical instrument according to any one of claims 10-15, wherein the surgical instrument passes through the first instrument channel and the second instrument channel.

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