A method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for rapidly starting a side-blown molten pool smelting furnace, comprising the following steps: material is pre-laid on the bottom of the furnace, then flammable material is added and ignited to generate an open flame; a furnace-heating lance is inserted into the furnace through its heating lance port; the lower part of the furnace is equipped with several side-blown tuyeres; before the molten metal level rises close to the tuyeres, the side-blown lance is inserted and fuel and combustion-supporting gas are introduced; once the molten metal submerges the side-blown lance, the molten pool is successfully formed; at this point, the molten pool is further formed by agitation with the side-blown lance, and the molten pool level continues to rise; the furnace-heating lance is then removed, completing the molten pool formation process and entering the production stage. This invention solves the problems of difficult furnace start-up and molten pool formation in side-blown molten pool smelting furnaces, simplifies the molten pool formation process, reduces labor intensity, eliminates possible factors leading to start-up failure, and achieves a rapid and stable start-up method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal smelting, specifically a method for rapidly starting up a side-blown molten pool furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Side-blown molten pool furnaces are among the most advanced non-ferrous metallurgical furnaces today. Traditionally, when starting up a side-blown molten pool furnace to create a molten pool, firewood is first added to the furnace and ignited. Then, coke is quickly added to fill the gaps between the firewood and the firewood. Next, materials are added to form a material seal at the top. Simultaneously, oxygen-enriched air or air is blown in from the side nozzles to support the combustion of the firewood and coke. During combustion, the material at the top gradually melts to create a molten pool. Once the molten pool submerges the nozzles and meets the conditions for side-blown molten smelting, production can begin. The entire process of creating the molten pool is tightly organized, involves a heavy workload for the personnel adding materials, and consumes a large amount of firewood and coke. Furthermore, controlling the combustion rate is difficult, which can easily lead to failure in creating the molten pool and prevent the furnace from starting up. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a method for rapidly starting up a side-blown molten pool furnace, addressing the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies. This method overcomes the difficulties in starting up a side-blown molten pool furnace and in creating a molten pool.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for rapidly starting a side-blown molten pool smelting furnace, characterized by the following steps: Material is pre-laid on the bottom of the smelting furnace, then flammable material is added and ignited to generate an open flame. Several furnace-heating lance holes are arranged circumferentially on the upper part of the smelting furnace. The furnace-heating lances are inserted into the furnace through these holes, and fuel and oxygen-enriched air are introduced for ignition. The high temperature generated by the combustion of the furnace-heating lances melts the material to form a molten pool, while material is continuously added to expand the molten liquid level. Several side lances are arranged on the lower part of the smelting furnace. Before the molten metal surface rises close to the side lance tuyer, the side lance tuyer is cleared, and a side-blowing lance is inserted to supply fuel and combustion-supporting gas. This prevents the molten metal surface from submerging the tuyer and simultaneously provides heat to accelerate the melting rate of the material. Once the molten metal submerges the side-blowing lance, the molten pool is successfully formed. At this point, the molten pool is further formed by stirring with the side-blowing lance to raise the molten metal surface. The furnace drying lance is then removed, completing the molten pool formation process and entering the production stage. When the slag surface rises to a height close to the side-blowing lance, concentrate is added to form the matte surface. The bottom of the smelting furnace is equipped with a hearth, and the height of the matte surface must not exceed the hearth.

[0005] A further preferred technical solution of the present invention, which describes a method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace, is as follows:

[0006] 1. The fuel is a gaseous fuel or a powdered fuel;

[0007] 2. The gaseous fuel is natural gas, and the powdered fuel is pulverized coal;

[0008] 3. Several side lance vents are provided and arranged side by side on the smelting furnace between the furnace hearth and the baking furnace lance hole, and the side lance vents are located on the side closer to the furnace hearth;

[0009] 4. The oven spray gun is an arc-shaped spray gun. The inlet end of the arc-shaped spray gun is provided with a fuel inlet and an oxygen-enriched air inlet, and the outlet end of the arc-shaped spray gun is provided with a fuel outlet and an oxygen-enriched air outlet.

[0010] 5. An inner liner is provided inside the arc-shaped spray gun along the length of the arc-shaped spray gun. The inner liner has an inner channel. One end of the inner channel is connected to the oxygen-enriched air inlet, and the other end of the inner channel is connected to the oxygen-enriched air outlet.

[0011] 6. An outer channel is provided between the outer wall of the inner liner and the inner wall of the arc-shaped spray gun. One end of the outer channel is connected to the fuel inlet, and the other end of the outer channel is connected to the fuel outlet.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, this invention solves the problems of difficult start-up and difficult molten pool construction in side-blown molten pool smelting furnaces, simplifies the molten pool construction process, reduces labor intensity, eliminates possible factors for start-up failure, and achieves a fast and stable start-up method. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the smelting furnace of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oven spray gun. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1, as Figure 1 , 2As shown, a method for rapidly starting a side-blown molten pool smelting furnace includes the following steps: Material is pre-laid on the bottom of the smelting furnace 2, then flammable material is added and ignited to generate an open flame. Several furnace-heating lance holes are arranged circumferentially at the upper part of the smelting furnace. The furnace-heating lances are inserted into the furnace through these holes, and fuel and oxygen-enriched air are introduced for ignition. The high temperature generated by the combustion of the furnace-heating lances melts the material to create a molten pool, while material is continuously added to expand the molten liquid level. Several side-blown lance nozzles 3 are arranged at the lower part of the smelting furnace, allowing for the flow of material onto the molten liquid surface. Before the molten material reaches the side lance vent 3, the side lance vent 3 is cleared, and the side-blowing lance is inserted and fuel and combustion-supporting gas are introduced to prevent the molten material from submerging the vent. Simultaneously, heat is provided to accelerate the melting rate of the material. Once the molten material submerges the side-blowing lance, the molten pool is successfully formed. At this point, the molten pool is further formed by stirring with the side-blowing lance to increase the molten material level. The furnace drying lance is then removed, completing the molten pool formation process and entering the production stage. When the slag surface 7 reaches a height close to the side-blowing lance, concentrate is added to form the matte surface 6. The bottom of the smelting furnace is equipped with a hearth 4, and the height of the matte surface 5 must not exceed the hearth 4. The smelting furnace 2 also has an end wall slag inlet 6, through which the furnace drying lance can also enter. Two furnace drying lance holes 1 are symmetrically arranged. Before creating the molten pool, this invention removes the side-blowing spray gun and seals its vents to prevent splashing from clogging the vents. Before the molten metal rises close to the vents, the vents are cleared, the side gun is inserted, and fuel and combustion-supporting gas are introduced to prevent the vents from being submerged and thus preventing the side gun from being unable to operate. Simultaneously, some heat is provided to accelerate the melting process. After a certain amount of melt has been produced, the furnace-heating spray gun can be inserted into the melt. The agitation of the airflow from the spray gun improves mass transfer, heat transfer, and heat utilization, accelerating the melting of the material and rapidly generating more melt. This invention also includes a spray gun replacement device, which allows for direct replacement of the spray gun when the melt is above the spray gun position (i.e., the spray gun is submerged in the melt), without needing to lower the molten metal or expose the spray gun. The furnace-heating spray gun is inserted into the furnace from the sealing device, continuously supplying fuel and oxygen-enriched air to the furnace. At this time, the sealing sphere is at the top, and the spare air inlet valve is closed.

[0018] Example 2, in the method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to Example 1, the fuel is gaseous fuel or powdered fuel.

[0019] Example 3, in a method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to Example 1 or 2, the gaseous fuel is natural gas, and the powdered fuel is pulverized coal. When using gaseous fuel, it can be directly fed into the furnace lance under pressure and sprayed out. When using powdered fuel, compressed air is needed to carry the powder into the furnace lance and spray it out.

[0020] Example 4, in a method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to any one of Examples 1-3, several side lance tuyeres are arranged side-by-side on the furnace between the hearth and the furnace drying lance holes, with the side lance tuyeres located on the side closer to the hearth.

[0021] Example 5, in a method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to any one of Examples 1-4, the furnace-baking lance is an arc-shaped lance. The inlet end of the arc-shaped lance is provided with a fuel inlet and an oxygen-enriched air inlet, and the outlet end of the arc-shaped lance is provided with a fuel outlet and an oxygen-enriched air outlet. The furnace-baking lance is designed with a certain degree of curvature, allowing it to be inserted into the side-blown furnace through the furnace-baking lance hole and slag outlet, directly melting the material at high temperature.

[0022] Example 6, in a method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to any one of Examples 1-5, an inner liner is provided inside the arc-shaped spray gun along the length of the arc-shaped spray gun. The inner liner is provided with an inner channel 9. One end of the inner channel is connected to the oxygen-enriched air inlet 11, and the other end of the inner channel is connected to the oxygen-enriched air outlet.

[0023] Example 7: In a method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to any one of Examples 1-6, an outer channel 10 is provided between the outer wall of the inner liner and the inner wall of the arc-shaped spray gun. One end of the outer channel is connected to the fuel inlet 12, and the other end of the outer channel is connected to the fuel outlet.

[0024] Example 8, in a method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to any one of Examples 1-7, the inner and outer channels at the front end of the furnace lance are equipped with airflow acceleration devices 8. The principle is to increase the airflow velocity by reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the channels, thereby improving the dynamic conditions, increasing the flame jet distance and increasing the agitation of the melt, and increasing the mass and heat transfer effect.

[0025] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly starting up a side-blown molten pool furnace, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: Material is pre-laid at the bottom of the smelting furnace, then flammable material is added and ignited to produce an open flame. Several furnace-heating lance holes are arranged circumferentially at the top of the smelting furnace. The furnace-heating lances are inserted into the furnace through these holes, and fuel and oxygen-enriched air are introduced for ignition. The high temperature generated by the combustion of the furnace-heating lances melts the material, creating a molten pool. Simultaneously, material is continuously added to raise the molten liquid level. Several side lance tuyeres are located at the bottom of the smelting furnace. Before the molten liquid level rises close to the side lance tuyeres, the side lances are cleared. The tuyeres are vented, and side-blowing lances are inserted to supply fuel and combustion-supporting gas, preventing the liquid level from submerging the tuyeres while providing heat to accelerate the melting speed of the materials. Once the melt has submerged the side-blowing lances, the molten pool is successfully formed. At this point, the molten pool is further formed by stirring with the side-blowing lances to raise the liquid level. The furnace drying lances are then removed, completing the molten pool formation process and entering the production stage. When the slag level rises to a height close to that of the side-blowing lances, concentrate is added to form the matte surface. The bottom of the smelting furnace is equipped with a furnace hearth, and the height of the matte surface must not exceed the furnace hearth.

2. The method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel is either a gaseous fuel or a powdered fuel.

3. The method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gaseous fuel is natural gas, and the powdered fuel is pulverized coal.

4. The method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side lance vents are provided in a plurality of arrangement on the smelting furnace between the furnace hearth and the baking furnace lance hole, with the side lance vents located on the side closer to the furnace hearth.

5. The method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oven spray gun is an arc-shaped spray gun, with a fuel inlet and an oxygen-enriched air inlet at the inlet end, and a fuel outlet and an oxygen-enriched air outlet at the outlet end.

6. A method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arc-shaped spray gun has an inner liner that runs along its length. The inner liner has an inner channel, one end of which is connected to the oxygen-enriched air inlet and the other end of which is connected to the oxygen-enriched air outlet.

7. A method for rapid start-up of a side-blown molten pool furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: An outer channel is provided between the outer wall of the inner liner and the inner wall of the arc-shaped spray gun. One end of the outer channel is connected to the fuel inlet, and the other end of the outer channel is connected to the fuel outlet.

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